JP4509250B2 - Helicobacter pylori sanitizing medicine - Google Patents

Helicobacter pylori sanitizing medicine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4509250B2
JP4509250B2 JP17867299A JP17867299A JP4509250B2 JP 4509250 B2 JP4509250 B2 JP 4509250B2 JP 17867299 A JP17867299 A JP 17867299A JP 17867299 A JP17867299 A JP 17867299A JP 4509250 B2 JP4509250 B2 JP 4509250B2
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strain
pylori
gasseri oll
lactic acid
helicobacter pylori
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JP2001002578A (en
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勝紀 木村
勉 金子
晴久 平田
泰裕 古賀
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Meiji Co Ltd
Meiji Dairies Corp
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Meiji Co Ltd
Meiji Dairies Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ヘリコバクター・ピロリ(Helicobacter pylori:以下、H.pyloriあるいはピロリ菌ということもある)の除菌及び/又は感染防御効果を有するラクトバチルス・ガッセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri:以下、L.gasseriということもある)を含有する医薬品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
1983年にWarrenら(Lancet, I. 1273 (1983))によって胃内に棲息する細菌としてH.pyloriが発見されて以来、H.pyloriと慢性胃炎、胃潰瘍および十二指腸潰瘍との関係につき注目されるようになった。最近では、スナネズミにH.pyloriを感染させると発ガン物質の投与なしで胃腺ガンが発生する事実が認められており(Watanabe et al., Gastroenterology, 115;642(1988))、胃ガンの起因菌としてもH.pyloriとの関連が指摘されている。
【0003】
一方、H.pylori陽性の消化性潰瘍患者に対してH.pyloriの除菌を行うと消化性潰瘍の再発が抑制されることが明らかになりつつあり、欧米では積極的なH.pyloriの除菌療法が実施されている。H.pyloriの除菌法としては、抗生物質(β−ラクタム剤系、アミノ−配糖体系、マクロライド系、テトラサイクリン系等)と抗潰瘍剤を併用する方法が一般的であり、例えば、抗生物質2種(クラリスロマイシン−メトロニダゾールまたはアモキシシリン)と胃酸の分泌を抑制するプロトンポンプ阻害剤(PPI)を投与する3剤併用法が臨床的に実施されている。しかし、除菌治療を目的に抗生物質等の薬剤を投与することの最大の問題点は、薬剤耐性を有するH.pyloriの出現頻度の増加と高用量の薬剤を多剤併用することによる下痢やアレルギー等の重篤な副作用の出現である。
【0004】
そこで、抗生物質に代わる胃内H.pyloriの除菌を目的に、ラクトフェリンを投与する方法(特開平10−130164)、H.pyloriのウレアーゼ、鞭毛を抗原として鶏に免疫して得た特異抗原を用いる方法(特開平10−287585)、ならびに、乳酸菌を用いた方法として、Lactobacillus brevisおよび/又はLactobacillus salivarius(特開平9−241173)、Lactobacillus acidophilus(特開平6−98782)それぞれの特定菌株の生菌を投与する方法につき検討がなされている。しかしながら、満足すべきものは未だ報告されていない。
【0005】
一方、乳酸菌は好ましい香味物質を産生するとともに乳酸やバクテリオシン等の抗菌性物質産生能を有していることから、古来より発酵乳等を介して世界各地で食されてきた極めて安全性の高い微生物である。従って、乳酸菌の有する抗菌力を利用してH.pyloriの除菌を行うことは、副作用を伴わずに手軽で有効な方法として医学的にも極めて意義のあることである。
【0006】
しかし、既存の発明、特にLactobacillus brevisおよび/又はLactobacillus salivarius(特開平9−241173)については、乳酸菌株の選定に際して、H.pyloriのターゲット部位である胃内環境(低pH下での環境に耐性を有する)という特性が考慮されていないのみならず、該乳酸菌株を使用した発酵乳等の食品としての特性(乳酸菌株の生残性、香味、物性)についても何ら考慮されていない。また、Lactobacillus acidophilusについては、臨床試験に用いた結果、有効性が認められなかった旨報告されている(Bazzoli et al., Gastroenterology, 102, No.4, A38, (1992))。一方、特開平6−98782号公報に開示された菌株L.acidophilus La1の培養上清を臨床試験に用いた結果、H.pyloriの除菌の可能性は示唆されたものの、その持続効果については明らかにされていない。(Michetti et al., Gastroenterology, 108, No.4, A166,(1995))。上記のように、既存の乳酸菌では、目的とするH.pylori除菌用組成物を調製するには未だ改良の余地が多く残されているのが現状である。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、抗胃炎や抗胃潰瘍等の面からも、ピロリ菌の除菌/感染防御システムの確立が希求されている当業界の現状に鑑み、安全性、経口摂取等の面から再度乳酸菌に着目し、乳酸菌を用いるピロリ菌の除菌/感染防御システムを新たに開発することとした。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、ピロリ菌の除菌および感染防御を目的に、胃内での生残性と定着性が高く、モデル動物試験において明らかに抗H.pylori活性を有しており、発酵乳等の食品に利用した際の特性(乳酸菌株の生残性、香味、物性)が高い乳酸菌株を選定し、該乳酸菌株を用いた医薬品を新たに提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記した課題を解決するためになされたものであって、本発明者らは、目的とする乳酸菌をスクリーニングするに際し、次のような基準を新たに設定し、鋭意選定作業を行った。すなわち、本発明者らは、ヒト腸内由来の数多くの乳酸桿菌のうち、▲1▼胃酸耐性が高い、▲2▼低pH条件下での生育が良好である、▲3▼H.pyloriのヒト胃癌細胞MKN45付着抑制能が高い、▲4▼H.pyloriと混合培養した際にH.pylori増殖阻害能が高い、▲5▼H.pylori感染モデルマウスに投与した際にH.pyloriの除菌能が高い、▲6▼食品に適用した際に生残性が高く、香味、物性も優れている菌株の選定につき鋭意研究を重ねた結果、これらの条件に合致する菌株としてLactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716株(本菌株は、工業技術院生命工学工業技術研究所にFERM BP-6999として寄託されている。)を見出した。本菌株の菌学的性質は、以下のとおりである。
【0010】
A.形態的性状
細胞形態:桿菌
運動性:なし
胞子の有無:なし
グラム染色性:陽性
【0011】
B.生理学的性状(陽性:+、陰性:−、弱陽性:w)
カタラーゼ −
ガス産生 −
15℃での生育 −
グルコン酸資化性 −
乳酸旋光性 DL
好気性発育 +
【0012】
C.炭水化物発酵性(陽性:+、陰性:−、弱陽性:w)
アラビノース −
キシロース −
ラムノース −
リボース −
グルコース +
マンノース +
フルクトース +
ガラクトース +
シュクロース +
セロビオース +
ラクトース +
トレハロース +
メリビオース −
ラフィノース −
メリチトース −
スターチ w
マンニトール −
ソルビトール −
デキストリン w
【0013】
D.遺伝学的特性
DNA中のグアニン(G)+シトシン(C)含量は36.4%である。また、L.gasseri OLL 2716をTannockらの方法(Microbial. Ecol. Health Dis., 8:79-84, 1995; Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62:4608-4613, (1996))に準じて、培養後に菌体をアガロースプラグに固定し、溶解後、ゲノムDNAを制限酵素(Apa I)で分解して、パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動(CHEF-DR II BIO-RAD)を行ったところ、図1のバンドパターンを示した。図中、AはL.gasseri OLL 2716株を示し、Bはサイズマーカーを示す。
【0014】
E.胃酸耐性
胃酸耐性試験は以下の通りに実施した。すなわち、ろ過滅菌したpH2.0の人工胃液〔0.2%NaCl、0.35%ペプシン(1:5000)を精製水で溶解〕9mlにMRS Broth(DIFCO)で2回賦活培養(37℃、18時間)し、生理食塩水で2回洗浄したL.gasseri OLL 2716株の菌体懸濁液1mlを添加し、好気的に37℃で2時間接触後、1mlをpH6.5のリン酸緩衝液(67mM)9mlに添加し反応を停止させた。次に、初発菌数および人工胃液に接触後の菌数をMRS agarを用いて計測し、生残率を算出した。本法によりヒト腸内由来の乳酸桿菌(150株)のなかで最も高い胃酸耐性を示したL.gasseri OLL 2716株につき、他の菌株の胃酸耐性とを比較したところ、L.gasseri OLL 2716株の胃液耐性が最も高かった(表1)。
【0015】

Figure 0004509250
【0016】
F.低pH条件下での生育
MRS Brothで2回賦活培養(37℃、18時間)したL.gasseri OLL 2716株を変法MRS Broth〔0.2%NaCl、0.35%ペプシン(1:5000)をMRS Brothで溶解後、pH4.0に調整〕に10μl接種し、好気的に37℃で培養した。培養9時間後に増殖度として培地の濁度(OD650)を測定した。その結果、L.gasseri OLL 2716株は、低pH条件下において最も良好な生育を示した(表2)。
【0017】
Figure 0004509250
【0018】
G.ヒト胃癌細胞(MKN45)に対する付着能
L.gasseri OLL 2716株ならびにL.acidophilus CNCM I-1225のヒト胃癌細胞MKN45への付着能を、乳酸菌のヒト大腸癌細胞への付着能を調べたGranatoらの方法(Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65(3)、1071-1077, (1999))に準じて検討した。 MKN45を、10%FCSを含むRPMI1640培地(RPMI、日水製薬)10mlを用いて37℃で3日間培養した。培養後、細胞を剥がし、RPMIで洗浄後、細胞濃度が5×104個/mlになるようにRPMIに懸濁させ、96穴マイクロプレートに1穴あたり0.1ml分注した。さらに37℃で3日間培養後、マイクロプレートに付着したMKN45を0.1Mリン酸緩衝液(pH6)で洗浄し、MKN45の単層を調製した。この単層にMRS broth(DIFCO)で培養後、109CFU/mlとなるように0.1Mリン酸緩衝液(pH6)に懸濁したL.gasseri OLL 2716株もしくはL.acidophilus CNCM I-1224懸濁液0.1mlを加えて、37℃、30分間インキュベートした。MKN45の単層を0.1Mリン酸緩衝液(pH6)で3回洗浄して、付着しなかった乳酸菌を除去した後、グラム染色し、顕微鏡を用いて、MKN45に付着した乳酸菌数をカウントした。その結果、L.gasseri OLL 2716株のMKN45への付着菌数は、L.acidophilus CNCM I-1225より高いことを認めた。すなわち、L.gasseriOLL2716株は、ヒト胃癌細胞に対して高い付着能を有することが確認された(表3)。
【0019】
Figure 0004509250
【0020】
L.gasseri OLL 2716株は、ヒト胃内環境において胃酸耐性が高く、かつ低pH条件下での生育が良好であり、該菌株の生菌を医薬品(抗胃炎剤、抗潰瘍剤)としてヒトに投与した際に、H.pyloriの除菌および宿主への感染を防御することによって胃炎または胃・十二指腸潰瘍の発症または再発を防止することが可能な菌株として選択したものである。そこで、L.gasseri OLL 2716株の抗H.pylori活性、ならびにH.pylori感染モデルマウスにL.gasseri OLL 2716株を投与した際のH.pyloriの除菌効果を、例を挙げて詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0021】
すなわち本発明は、Helicobacter pylori(ピロリ菌)除菌能の高いLactobacillus gasseriに属する乳酸菌、該乳酸菌含有物、その処理物の少なくともひとつを含有してなること、を特徴とするピロリ菌の除菌性及び/又は感染防御性医薬品に関するものである。
【0022】
乳酸菌含有物としては、乳酸菌懸濁液;乳酸菌培養物(菌体、培養上清液、培地成分を含む);乳酸菌培養物から固形分を除去した乳酸菌培養液等が挙げられる。
【0023】
処理物としては、乳酸菌、乳酸菌含有物、発酵乳の濃縮物、ペースト化物、乾燥物(噴霧乾燥物、凍結乾燥物、真空乾燥物、ドラム乾燥物等)、液状物、希釈物等が挙げられる。また、乳酸菌としては、生菌体、湿潤菌、乾燥菌等が適宜使用可能である。
【0024】
本発明に係る医薬品は、乳酸菌、含有物、処理物の少なくともひとつを有効成分として含有してなるものである。
【0025】
有効成分の医薬品における配合量は、任意でよいが、使用目的(予防、保健、又は治療)、患者の年齢、投与方法、剤形等に応じて適宜定めればよく、通常、0.0001〜10%の範囲が適当である。しかしながら、長期間に亘って保健上ないし健康維持の目的で摂取する場合には、上記範囲よりも少量であってもよいし、また本有効成分は、安全性について問題がないので、上記範囲よりも多量に使用しても一向にさしつかえない。現にマウスを用いた10日間の急性毒性試験の結果、5000mg/kg/日の経口投与でも死亡例は認められなかった。
【0026】
医薬品には、本有効成分をそのまま、使用したり、賦形剤等と混合使用することができる。本有効成分を用いる本発明に係る医薬品は、固体状(粉末、顆粒状その他)、ペースト状、液状ないし懸濁状のいずれでもよい。
【0027】
医薬品において、本有効成分は、種々の形態で投与される。その投与形態としては例えば錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、シロップ剤等による経口投与をあげることができる。これらの各種製剤は、常法に従って主薬に賦形剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、滑沢剤、矯味矯臭剤、溶解補助剤、懸濁剤、コーティング剤などの医薬の製剤技術分野において通常使用しうる既知の補助剤を用いて製剤化することができる。その使用量は症状、年齢、体重、投与方法および剤形等によって異なるが、通常は、成人に対して、1日当り、経口投与の場合には1×105〜1×1012cfu程度投与すればよい。
【0028】
本発明において、医薬品、例えば、抗胃炎剤、抗潰瘍剤として、L.gasseri OLL 2716株の生菌製剤(散剤、顆粒剤、錠剤、カプセル剤、シロップ剤等)を単独で投与することが可能であるが、抗生物質、プロトンポンプ阻害剤、その他の抗胃炎剤、抗潰瘍剤、その他の薬剤とともに投与してもよい。
【0029】
【実施例1】
L.gasseri OLL 2716株によるH.pylori NCTC 11637株のヒト胃癌細胞(MKN45)付着抑制を、Kabirらの方法(Gut, 41(1); 49-55,(1997))に準じて実施した。
【0030】
はじめに、H. pylori CNTC11637株の蛍光標識菌液を調製するために、微好気条件下で、5%FCS(Fetal Calf Serum)を含むBrucella broth (DIFCO)を用い、2回賦活培養(37℃、72時間)したH. pylori NCTC 11637株をPBSで洗浄後、細胞蛍光標識キットPKH−2(大日本製薬)のDiluent AにOD650が2.0となるように懸濁した。微好気培養は、Helicobacter培養用ガス発生袋アネロパック・ヘリコ(三菱ガス化学)を用いて実施した。この懸濁液1mlに蛍光標識色素PKH−2を50μl添加し、室温で15分間反応させた後、遠心分離(3000rpm、10min)によって菌体を回収し、ハンクス平衡塩溶液(HGS)で洗浄後、HGS 1mlに懸濁し、蛍光標識菌液とした。次に、MKN45の細胞浮遊液(1×106cells/ml)0.8mlにH. pylori NCTC11637株の蛍光標識菌液(OD650=2.0)0.1mlおよびL.gasseri OLL 2716株の菌液(OD650=4.0)0.1mlを同時に添加し、37℃で好気的に1時間振とうした。ブランクにはMKN45の細胞浮遊液を単独で(MKN45細胞浮遊液0.8ml+HGS0.2ml)、陰性対照にはL.gasseri OLL 2716株の菌液の代わりにHGSを添加したものを用いた。振とう後、15%sucroseを含むDulbeccoのPBS(組織培養の技術(第6刷)、朝倉書店、pp20(1991))を9ml添加し、遠心分離(1000rpm、10min)によって細胞を回収し、HGSで遠心洗浄(1000rpm、10min)後、再度HGS 1mlに懸濁し、96穴の蛍光測定用マイクロプレートのウェルに懸濁液を250μl添加し、蛍光プレートリーダーで蛍光強度(励起波長:490nm、測定波長:530nm)を測定した。
【0031】
その結果、H. pylori NCTC 11637株単独での胃癌細胞への付着率を100%としたとき、L.gasseri OLL 2716株を添加した系でのH.pylori NCTC 11637株の付着率は、92.8%となり、本菌株がH. pyloriの胃癌細胞への付着抑制効果を有することが確認された。
【0032】
【実施例2】
L.gasseri OLL 2716株によるH. pylori NCTC 11637株の増殖抑制試験として、5%FCSを含むBrucella broth(DIFCO)200mlに2回賦活培養したH. pylori NCTC 11637株およびL. gasseri OLL 2716株をそれぞれ106 colony forming units(CFU)/mlおよび105CFU/mlとなるように接種し、37℃、微好気条件下で培養した。培養開始0、24、48時間後のH. pylori NCTC 11637株およびL.gasseri OLL 2716株の生菌数を計測した。H. pylori NCTC 11637株およびL.gasseri OLL 2716株の検出にはそれぞれ変法Skirrow培地(Horse Blood(7%)、BHI agar(52g)、Trimethoprim(5mg/l)、Polymyxin B(2500U/ml)、Vancomycin(10mg/l)、Bacitracin(5mg/l)、精製水(1000ml)(37℃、7日間、微好気培養)およびMRS agar(37℃、48時間、嫌気培養)を用いた。
【0033】
その結果、H. pylori NCTC 11637株の単独では培養48時間後に生菌数が約5倍に増殖したのに対し、L. gasseri OLL 2716株が共存すると、H. pylori NCTC 11637株の菌数が10分の1程度に減少し、L. gasseri OLL 2716株はH. pylori NCTC 11637株の増殖抑制能を有することが確認された(表4)。
【0034】
Figure 0004509250
【0035】
【実施例3】
H. pyloriは尿素を分解してアンモニア産生能を有することから強い酸性条件下でも生残し得ることが明らかとなっている。そこで、尿素存在下でのL. gasseri OLL 2716株によるH. pylori NCTC 11637株の増殖抑制能を調べるため、低pH条件下での本菌株ならびにLactobacillus acidophilus CNCM I-1225のH. pylori NCTC 11637株に対する増殖抑制効果について検討した。5%FCSおよび5mM尿素を含むBrucella broth (pH4.0)200mlに2回賦活培養したH. pylori NCTC 11637株およびL. gasseri OLL 2716株もしくはL. acidophilus CNCM I-1225株をそれぞれ105CFU/mlおよび107CFU/mlとなるように接種し、37℃、微好気条件下で培養した。培養開始0、6、12時間後のH. pylori NCTC 11637株、L. gasseri OLL 2716株、L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225株それぞれの生菌数を測定した。
【0036】
その結果、培養6時間と培養12時間後において、尿素存在下でのL. gasseri OLL 2716のH. pylori NCTC 11637に対する増殖抑制能は、L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225株よりも高いことを認めた。すなわち、L. gasseri OLL 2716株は、尿素存在下においてもH. pyloriに対して高い増殖抑制能を有することが確認された(表5)。
【0037】
Figure 0004509250
【0038】
【実施例4】
L. gasseri OLL 2716株、L.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)の生菌投与によるH. pyloriの除菌効果をin vivo系で調べる目的で、無菌マウス(BALB/c)1個体当たりH. pylori NCTC 11637株を1×109CFU感染させて4週間経過したH. pylori感染モデルマウスに、L. gasseri OLL 2716株、L.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)株それぞれを1×109CFU/1個体を1週目に3回、2週目から7週目までは各週に1回それぞれ投与した。L. gasseri OLL 2716株又はL.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)株の生菌投与8週間後に、マウス胃内のH. pylori数、L. gasseri OLL 2716株数又はL.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)株数をそれぞれ変法Skirrow培地、MRSagarで計測するとともに、酵素免疫測定法(ELISA)にて血清中の抗H. pylori抗体価(492nmにおける吸光度)を調べた。
【0039】
その結果、対照マウス(H. pyloriのみを投与)の胃内H. pylori数が8週間後に105CFU/g以上検出されたのに対し、L. gasseri OLL 2716株、L.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)株それぞれを生菌投与したマウスは、H. pylori数は検出限界値以下(103CFU/g以下)に減少した。しかし、L. gasseri OLL 2716株投与マウスの抗H. pylori抗体価は対照マウスに比較して1/5以下に低下し、L.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)株の抗H. pylori抗体価に比較しても1/4以下であった。(表6)。従って、L. gasseri OLL 2716株によるH. pyloriの除菌効果は、L.salivarius WB 1004(FERM P-15360)株に比較して高いことを認めた。一方、L. gasseri OLL 2716株の投与8週目のマウスの胃内から投与したL. gasseri OLL 2716が106/g以上検出されたことから、本菌株は胃内定着能を有することを確めた。
【0040】
Figure 0004509250
【0041】
【実施例5】
L. gasseri OLL 2716株をMRS液体培地(Difco社製)5Lに接種後、37℃、18時間静置培養を行った。培養終了後、7,000rpm、15分間遠心分離を行い、培養液の1/50量の濃縮菌体を得た。次いで、この濃縮菌体を脱脂粉乳10%(重量)、グルタミン酸ソーダ1%(重量)を含む分散媒と同量混合し、pH7に調整後、凍結乾燥を行った。得られた凍結乾燥物を60メッシュのフルイで粉体化し、凍結乾燥菌末を得た。
【0042】
【実施例6】
第13改正日本薬局方解説書製剤総則「散剤」の規定に準拠し、上記実施例で得られたL. gasseri OLL 2716株の凍結乾燥菌末1gにラクトース(日局)400g、バレイショデンプン(日局)600gを加えて均一に混合し、散剤を製造した。
【0043】
【実施例7】
次の配合により抗潰瘍剤を製造した。(1)本菌株の脱脂粉乳培地における培養物の凍結乾燥物50g、(2)ラクトース90g、(3)コーンスターチ29g、(4)ステアリン酸マグネシウム1g。
先ず、(1)、(2)、(3)(但し17g)を混合し、(3)(但し7g)から調製したペーストとともに顆粒化した。得られた顆粒に(3)(但し5g)と(4)を加えてよく混合し、この混合物を圧縮錠剤機により圧縮して、1錠あたり有効成分を40mg含有する錠剤100個を製造した。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、ピロリ菌の除菌及び/又は感染防御が副作用を伴うことなく効率的に実施できる。本発明に係る医薬品は、安全性には全く問題はなく、各種形態に自由に調剤することができるので、健常者はもとより、乳幼児、老齢者、病弱者、病後の人等も長期間に亘って摂取することができ、胃炎や胃潰瘍等に特にすぐれた予防及び/又は治療効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716ゲノムのDNAのApa I分解パターン(パルスフィールト電気泳動)を示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to Lactobacillus gasseri (hereinafter referred to as L. gasseri) having a sterilizing effect on Helicobacter pylori (hereinafter also referred to as H. pylori or H. pylori) and / or a protective effect against infection. Is also related to pharmaceuticals containing
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since the discovery of H. pylori as a bacterium inhabiting the stomach by Warren et al. (Lancet, I. 1273 (1983)) in 1983, attention has been focused on the relationship between H. pylori and chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers. It became so. Recently, it has been recognized that when gerbils are infected with H. pylori, gastric adenocarcinoma occurs without administration of carcinogens (Watanabe et al., Gastroenterology, 115; 642 (1988)). The association with H. pylori has been pointed out as a fungus.
[0003]
On the other hand, eradication of H.pylori in patients with peptic ulcer positive to H.pylori is becoming clear that recurrence of peptic ulcer is suppressed. Bacteria therapy is being implemented. As a method for sterilization of H. pylori, a method in which an antibiotic (β-lactam, amino-glycoside, macrolide, tetracycline, etc.) and an anti-ulcer agent are used in combination is generally used. A three-drug combination method in which two substances (clarithromycin-metronidazole or amoxicillin) and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that suppresses secretion of gastric acid are administered clinically. However, the biggest problem with administering drugs such as antibiotics for the purpose of sterilization treatment is the increase in the appearance frequency of drug-resistant H. pylori and diarrhea caused by the combination of multiple drugs with high doses. The appearance of serious side effects such as allergies.
[0004]
Therefore, for the purpose of sterilization of gastric H.pylori instead of antibiotics, a method of administering lactoferrin (JP-A-10-130164), a specific antigen obtained by immunizing chickens with H.pylori urease and flagella as antigens And a method using Lactobacillus brevis and / or Lactobacillus salivarius (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-241173) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-98782). A method for administering the bacterium has been studied. However, nothing satisfactory has been reported yet.
[0005]
On the other hand, lactic acid bacteria produce a desirable flavor substance and have the ability to produce antibacterial substances such as lactic acid and bacteriocin, so they have been eaten all over the world through fermented milk since ancient times. It is a microorganism. Therefore, the sterilization of H. pylori using the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria is extremely meaningful medically as an easy and effective method without side effects.
[0006]
However, in the case of existing inventions, particularly Lactobacillus brevis and / or Lactobacillus salivarius (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-241173), in selecting a lactic acid strain, the gastric environment which is the target site of H. pylori (resistant to the environment under low pH) In addition, characteristics as foods such as fermented milk using the lactic acid strain (survival property, flavor, physical properties) of the lactic acid strain are not considered at all. In addition, Lactobacillus acidophilus has been reported to have no effectiveness as a result of clinical trials (Bazzoli et al., Gastroenterology, 102, No. 4, A38, (1992)). On the other hand, as a result of using the culture supernatant of the strain L. acidophilus La1 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-98782, for clinical trials, the possibility of eradication of H. pylori was suggested. It has not been revealed. (Michetti et al., Gastroenterology, 108, No. 4, A166, (1995)). As described above, the existing lactic acid bacteria still have a lot of room for improvement in order to prepare the intended H.pylori sterilizing composition.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the current state of the industry where establishment of a sterilization / infection prevention system for Helicobacter pylori is desired from the viewpoint of anti-gastritis, anti-gastric ulcer, etc., the present inventors again from the aspects of safety, oral intake, etc. Focusing on lactic acid bacteria, we decided to develop a new eradication / infection protection system for Helicobacter pylori using lactic acid bacteria.
[0008]
That is, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that it has high survival and colonization in the stomach for the purpose of eradication of Helicobacter pylori and protection against infection, and clearly has anti-H. Pylori activity in model animal tests. And selecting a lactic acid strain having high characteristics (survival, flavor, and physical properties of the lactic acid strain) when used in foods such as fermented milk, and newly providing a pharmaceutical product using the lactic acid strain .
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the present inventors newly set the following criteria when conducting screening for the target lactic acid bacteria, and conducted intensive selection work. It was. That is, the present inventors, among many lactobacilli derived from the human intestine, are (1) highly resistant to gastric acid, (2) good growth under low pH conditions, (3) H. pylori Human gastric cancer cell MKN45 adhesion suppression ability is high. (4) H.pylori growth inhibition ability is high when mixed with H. pylori. (5) H. pylori removal when administered to H. pylori-infected model mice. As a result of intensive research on the selection of strains that have high fungal ability, viability when applied to foods, and excellent in flavor and physical properties, Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716 is a strain that meets these conditions. A strain (this strain has been deposited as FERM BP-6999 at the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology) has been found. The mycological properties of this strain are as follows.
[0010]
A. Morphological characteristics Cell morphology: Neisseria gonorrhoeae motility: None Presence of spores: None Gram staining: Positive
B. Physiological properties (positive: +, negative:-, weakly positive: w)
Catalase −
Gas production −
Growth at 15 ° C-
Gluconic acid assimilation −
Lactic acid rotatory DL
Aerobic growth +
[0012]
C. Carbohydrate fermentability (positive: +, negative:-, weakly positive: w)
Arabinose −
Xylose −
Rhamnose −
Ribose −
Glucose +
Mannose +
Fructose +
Galactose +
Sucrose +
Cellobiose +
Lactose +
Trehalose +
Melibiose −
Raffinose −
Merichitose −
Starch w
Mannitol −
Sorbitol −
Dextrin w
[0013]
D. Genetic properties The content of guanine (G) + cytosine (C) in DNA is 36.4%. In addition, L. gasseri OLL 2716 was prepared according to the method of Tannock et al. (Microbial. Ecol. Health Dis., 8: 79-84, 1995; Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62: 4608-4613, (1996)) After culturing, the cells were fixed on an agarose plug, and after lysis, the genomic DNA was digested with a restriction enzyme (Apa I) and subjected to pulse field gel electrophoresis (CHEF-DR II BIO-RAD). A band pattern was shown. In the figure, A shows L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain, and B shows a size marker.
[0014]
E. Gastric acid resistance gastric acid resistance test was performed as follows. That is, artificial gastric fluid with pH 2.0 sterilized by filtration [0.2% NaCl, 0.35% pepsin (1: 5000) dissolved in purified water] 9 ml of MRS Broth (DIFCO) twice in activated culture (37 ° C., 18 hours), and 1 ml of a cell suspension of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain washed twice with physiological saline was added, and after aerobic contact at 37 ° C. for 2 hours, 1 ml of phosphoric acid at pH 6.5 The reaction was stopped by adding to 9 ml of buffer (67 mM). Next, the initial bacterial count and the bacterial count after contact with artificial gastric juice were measured using MRS agar, and the survival rate was calculated. The L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain, which showed the highest gastric acid resistance among Lactobacillus (150 strains) derived from the human intestine by this method, was compared with the gastric acid resistance of other strains. L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain Was the most resistant to gastric juice (Table 1).
[0015]
Figure 0004509250
[0016]
F. L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain that had been activated twice (37 ° C., 18 hours) with MRS Broth grown under low pH conditions was modified with modified MRS Broth [0.2% NaCl, 0.35% pepsin (1: 5000) Was dissolved in MRS Broth, adjusted to pH 4.0] and inoculated with 10 μl, and aerobically cultured at 37 ° C. After 9 hours of culturing, the turbidity (OD 650 ) of the medium was measured as the degree of growth. As a result, L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain showed the best growth under low pH conditions (Table 2).
[0017]
Figure 0004509250
[0018]
G. Adhesive ability to human gastric cancer cells (MKN45)
The ability of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain and L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225 to adhere to human gastric cancer cell MKN45 and the method of Granato et al. (Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65 (3), 1071-1077, (1999)). MKN45 was cultured at 37 ° C. for 3 days using 10 ml of RPMI1640 medium (RPMI, Nissui Pharmaceutical) containing 10% FCS. After culturing, the cells peeled off, washed with RPMI, suspended in RPMI to cell concentration becomes 5 × 10 4 cells / ml, was dispensed 0.1ml min per well in 96-well microplate. After further culturing at 37 ° C. for 3 days, MKN45 adhering to the microplate was washed with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6) to prepare an MKN45 monolayer. After culturing this monolayer with MRS broth (DIFCO), suspended in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6) to 10 9 CFU / ml, L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain or L. acidophilus CNCM I-1224 suspension 0.1 ml of a turbid solution was added and incubated at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes. The monolayer of MKN45 was washed 3 times with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6) to remove lactic acid bacteria that did not adhere, and then gram-stained, and the number of lactic acid bacteria attached to MKN45 was counted using a microscope. As a result, it was confirmed that the number of bacteria attached to MKN45 of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain was higher than that of L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225. That is, it was confirmed that L. gasseriOLL2716 strain has a high adhesion ability to human gastric cancer cells (Table 3).
[0019]
Figure 0004509250
[0020]
L. The gasseri OLL 2716 strain has high gastric acid resistance in the human stomach environment and good growth under low pH conditions, and the live bacteria of the strain were administered to humans as pharmaceuticals (anti-gastritis and anti-ulcer agents). In the case of H. This strain was selected as a strain capable of preventing the onset or recurrence of gastritis or gastric / duodenal ulcer by protecting against pylori eradication and host infection. Therefore, L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain anti-H. pylori activity, and H. pylori activity. pylori-infected model mice were treated with L. pylori. H. gasseri OLL 2716 when administered. The sterilizing effect of pylori will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0021]
That is, the present invention comprises a lactic acid bacterium belonging to Lactobacillus gasseri having a high ability to sterilize Helicobacter pylori, a substance containing the lactic acid bacterium, and at least one of the processed product, and is characterized by the sterilization of H. pylori And / or relates to infection-protecting medicinal products.
[0022]
Examples of the lactic acid bacteria-containing material include lactic acid bacteria suspensions; lactic acid bacteria cultures (including cell bodies, culture supernatants and medium components); lactic acid bacteria cultures obtained by removing solids from lactic acid bacteria cultures, and the like.
[0023]
Examples of processed products include lactic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria-containing products, fermented milk concentrates, pasted products, dried products (spray-dried products, freeze-dried products, vacuum-dried products, drum-dried products, etc.), liquid products, and diluted products. . Further, as lactic acid bacteria, viable cells, wet bacteria, dry bacteria and the like can be used as appropriate.
[0024]
The pharmaceutical product according to the present invention contains at least one of lactic acid bacteria, inclusions, and processed products as an active ingredient.
[0025]
The compounding amount of the active ingredient in the pharmaceutical may be arbitrary, but may be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use (prevention, health, or treatment), patient age, administration method, dosage form, etc. A range of 10% is suitable. However, when ingested for the purpose of health or health maintenance over a long period of time, the amount may be smaller than the above range, and since this active ingredient has no safety problem, Even if it is used in large quantities, there is no problem. As a result of a 10-day acute toxicity test using mice, no death was observed even after oral administration at 5000 mg / kg / day.
[0026]
For pharmaceuticals, the active ingredient can be used as it is, or mixed with excipients and the like. The pharmaceutical agent according to the present invention using the active ingredient may be solid (powder, granule, etc.), paste, liquid or suspension.
[0027]
In pharmaceuticals, the active ingredient is administered in various forms. Examples of the dosage form include oral administration using tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups and the like. These various preparations are usually used in the pharmaceutical preparation technical field such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizers, suspension agents, coating agents, etc. Can be formulated using known adjuvants. The amount used varies depending on symptoms, age, body weight, administration method, dosage form, etc., but is usually administered to an adult per day or about 1 × 10 5 to 1 × 10 12 cfu for oral administration. That's fine.
[0028]
In the present invention, it is possible to administer L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain viable preparations (powder, granules, tablets, capsules, syrups, etc.) alone as pharmaceuticals such as anti-gastritis and anti-ulcer agents. However, it may be administered together with antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, other anti-gastritis agents, anti-ulcer agents, and other drugs.
[0029]
[Example 1]
Inhibition of human gastric cancer cell (MKN45) adhesion of H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain by L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain was performed according to the method of Kabir et al. (Gut, 41 (1); 49-55, (1997)).
[0030]
First, in order to prepare a fluorescently labeled bacterial solution of H. pylori CNTC11637 strain, two activation cultures (37 ° C.) were performed using Brucella broth (DIFCO) containing 5% FCS (Fetal Calf Serum) under microaerobic conditions. 72 hours), the H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain was washed with PBS and then suspended in Diluent A of the cell fluorescent labeling kit PKH-2 (Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) so that OD 650 was 2.0. Microaerobic culture was carried out using Helicobacter gas generating bag Aneropack Helico (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical). After adding 50 μl of the fluorescent labeling dye PKH-2 to 1 ml of this suspension and reacting at room temperature for 15 minutes, the cells were collected by centrifugation (3000 rpm, 10 min) and washed with Hanks Balanced Salt Solution (HGS). The suspension was suspended in 1 ml of HGS to obtain a fluorescently labeled bacterial solution. Next, 0.1 ml of a fluorescently labeled bacterial solution (OD 650 = 2.0) of H. pylori NCTC11637 strain and 0.8 ml of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain were added to 0.8 ml of MKN45 cell suspension (1 × 10 6 cells / ml). 0.1 ml of the bacterial solution (OD 650 = 4.0) was simultaneously added and shaken aerobically at 37 ° C. for 1 hour. The cell suspension of MKN45 alone (MKN45 cell suspension 0.8 ml + HGS 0.2 ml) was used for the blank, and HGS was added instead of the bacterial solution of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain for the negative control. After shaking, 9 ml of Dulbecco's PBS containing 15% sucrose (tissue culture technique (6th printing), Asakura Shoten, pp20 (1991)) was added, and the cells were collected by centrifugation (1000 rpm, 10 min), and HGS After centrifugal washing (1000 rpm, 10 min), resuspend in 1 ml of HGS, add 250 μl of the suspension to the well of a 96-well microplate for fluorescence measurement, and use a fluorescence plate reader to measure the fluorescence intensity (excitation wavelength: 490 nm, measurement wavelength). : 530 nm).
[0031]
As a result, the H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain alone had a H.pylori NCTC 11637 adhesion rate to gastric cancer cells of 100%, and the H. pylori OLTC 2716 strain was added to the system in which L. The adhesion rate of pylori NCTC 11637 strain was 92.8%, and it was confirmed that this strain has an inhibitory effect on adhesion of H. pylori to gastric cancer cells.
[0032]
[Example 2]
As a growth inhibition test of H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain by L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain, H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain and L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain cultured twice in 200 ml of Brucella broth (DIFCO) containing 5% FCS The seeds were inoculated at 10 6 colony forming units (CFU) / ml and 10 5 CFU / ml, respectively, and cultured at 37 ° C. under microaerobic conditions. The viable cell counts of H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain and L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain were counted 0, 24 and 48 hours after the start of culture. For detection of H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain and L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain, modified Skirrow medium (Horse Blood (7%), BHI agar (52 g), Trimethoprim (5 mg / l), Polymyxin B (2500 U / ml)), respectively. Vancomycin (10 mg / l), Bacitracin (5 mg / l), purified water (1000 ml) (37 ° C., 7 days, microaerobic culture) and MRS agar (37 ° C., 48 hours, anaerobic culture) were used.
[0033]
As a result, the H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain alone proliferated about 5 times after 48 hours of culture, whereas the L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain coexisted with the H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain. It was confirmed that the L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain had the ability to suppress the growth of the H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain (Table 4).
[0034]
Figure 0004509250
[0035]
[Example 3]
It has been clarified that H. pylori can survive even under strong acidic conditions because it decomposes urea and has the ability to produce ammonia. Therefore, in order to investigate the ability of L. gasseri OLL 2716 to suppress the growth of H. pylori NCTC 11637 in the presence of urea, this strain and Lactobacillus acidophilus CNCM I-1225 H. pylori NCTC 11637 The growth-inhibitory effect on the growth was investigated. 10 5 CFU / L of H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain and L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain or L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225 strain which were activated and cultured twice in 200 ml of Brucella broth (pH 4.0) containing 5% FCS and 5 mM urea, respectively. ml and 10 7 CFU / ml were inoculated and cultured at 37 ° C. under microaerobic conditions. The viable cell counts of H. pylori NCTC strain 11637, L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain, and L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225 strain were measured 0, 6, and 12 hours after the start of culture.
[0036]
As a result, after 6 hours of culture and 12 hours of culture, it was confirmed that the ability of L. gasseri OLL 2716 to inhibit the growth of H. pylori NCTC 11637 in the presence of urea was higher than that of L. acidophilus CNCM I-1225 strain. . That is, it was confirmed that L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain has a high growth inhibitory ability against H. pylori even in the presence of urea (Table 5).
[0037]
Figure 0004509250
[0038]
[Example 4]
For the purpose of investigating the sterilization effect of H. pylori by in vivo administration of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain and L. salivarius WB 1004 (FERM P-15360) in an in vivo system, H per sterile mouse (BALB / c) H. pylori infection model mice that had been infected with 1 × 10 9 CFU of pylori NCTC 11637 strain for 4 weeks were transferred to L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain and L. salivarius WB 1004 (FERM P-15360) strain each at 1 × 10. 3 times 9 CFU / 1 individual in the first week, from 2 weeks to 7 week were each administered once each week. 8 weeks after administration of viable bacteria of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain or L. salivarius WB 1004 (FERM P-15360) strain, the number of H. pylori in the stomach of the mouse, the number of L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain or L. salivarius WB 1004 (FERM P-15360) The number of strains was measured with modified Skirrow medium and MR Sagar, respectively, and the anti-H. Pylori antibody titer (absorbance at 492 nm) in the serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA).
[0039]
As a result, the number of H. pylori in the stomach of control mice (administered only with H. pylori) was detected at 10 5 CFU / g or more after 8 weeks, whereas L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain, L. salivarius WB 1004 ( The number of H. pylori in mice to which each of the FERM P-15360) strains was administered was reduced below the detection limit value (10 3 CFU / g or less). However, the anti-H. Pylori antibody titer of the L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain-administered mice decreased to 1/5 or less compared to the control mice, and the anti-H. Pylori antibody of the L. salivarius WB 1004 (FERM P-15360) strain Even compared with the value, it was 1/4 or less. (Table 6). Accordingly, it was confirmed that the sterilization effect of H. pylori by the L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain was higher than that of the L. salivarius WB 1004 (FERM P-15360) strain. On the other hand, since L. gasseri OLL 2716 administered from the stomach of mice 8 weeks after administration of L. gasseri OLL 2716 was detected at 10 6 / g or more, it was confirmed that this strain has the ability of colonization in the stomach. I tried.
[0040]
Figure 0004509250
[0041]
[Example 5]
L. gasseri OLL 2716 strain was inoculated into 5 L of MRS liquid medium (Difco), followed by static culture at 37 ° C. for 18 hours. After completion of the culture, centrifugation was performed at 7,000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain 1/50 amount of concentrated bacterial cells of the culture solution. Next, the same amount of the concentrated cells was mixed with a dispersion medium containing 10% (weight) of skim milk powder and 1% (weight) of sodium glutamate, adjusted to pH 7, and then lyophilized. The obtained lyophilized product was pulverized with a 60 mesh sieve to obtain a lyophilized bacterial powder.
[0042]
[Example 6]
In accordance with the provisions of the 13th revised Japanese Pharmacopoeia Guideline General Formulation “Powder”, 1 g of lyophilized bacterial powder of L. gasseri OLL 2716 obtained in the above example was added to 400 g of lactose (JP) and potato starch (JP) Bureau) 600 g was added and mixed uniformly to produce a powder.
[0043]
[Example 7]
An anti-ulcer agent was produced by the following formulation. (1) 50 g of freeze-dried culture of the strain in skim milk medium, (2) lactose 90 g, (3) corn starch 29 g, (4) magnesium stearate 1 g.
First, (1), (2), (3) (however, 17 g) were mixed and granulated with the paste prepared from (3) (however, 7 g). (3) (however, 5 g) and (4) were added to the obtained granules and mixed well, and the mixture was compressed by a compression tablet machine to produce 100 tablets containing 40 mg of active ingredient per tablet.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, Helicobacter pylori eradication and / or infection protection can be efficiently carried out without causing side effects. The pharmaceutical product according to the present invention has no safety problems and can be freely formulated into various forms, so that not only healthy subjects but also infants, elderly people, sick people, post-illness people, etc. over a long period of time. It is particularly effective for preventing and / or treating gastritis and gastric ulcers.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows the Apa I degradation pattern (pulse field electrophoresis) of Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716 genomic DNA.

Claims (3)

Helicobacter pylori除菌能の高い乳酸菌Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716(FERM BP−6999)の生菌体を含有してなること、を特徴とするHelicobacter pylori除菌及び/又は感染防御医薬剤。A Helicobacter pylori eradication agent and / or an infection-protecting pharmaceutical agent, characterized by containing a living bacterium of Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716 (FERM BP-6999) having a high ability to sterilize Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter pylori除菌能が高く、低pH環境に耐性を有し、経口投与組成物とした際に生残性が高い乳酸菌Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716(FERM BP−6999)の生菌体を含有してなること、を特徴とするHelicobacter pylori除菌及び/又は感染防御医薬剤。Helicobacter pylori has high sterilizing ability, has resistance to low pH environment, and contains viable cells of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716 (FERM BP-6999) having high survival when used as an oral administration composition Helicobacter pylori eradication and / or infection prevention pharmaceutical agent characterized by the above. 抗胃炎剤又は抗潰瘍剤であること、を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の医薬剤。The pharmaceutical agent according to claim 1 or 2, which is an anti-gastritis agent or an anti-ulcer agent.
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DE60330549D1 (en) * 2002-04-12 2010-01-28 Meiji Dairies Corp FOR THE DISINFECTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI-CAPABLE CHEESE
US7105336B2 (en) * 2002-10-07 2006-09-12 Biogaia Ab Selection and use of lactic acid bacteria for reducing inflammation caused by Helicobacter
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US20140147427A1 (en) * 2011-06-08 2014-05-29 Organobalance Gmbh Spray-Dried Lactobacillus Stems/Cells and the Use of Same Against Helicobacter Pylori
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