JP4507132B1 - Imaging device - Google Patents

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JP4507132B1
JP4507132B1 JP2009163154A JP2009163154A JP4507132B1 JP 4507132 B1 JP4507132 B1 JP 4507132B1 JP 2009163154 A JP2009163154 A JP 2009163154A JP 2009163154 A JP2009163154 A JP 2009163154A JP 4507132 B1 JP4507132 B1 JP 4507132B1
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稔 小笠原
恭子 鶴田
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株式会社リポニクス
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Abstract

【課題】化学発光や生物発光の検出に用いる従来の撮影装置は、撮影用レンズの焦点を被写体に合わせる際、被写体またはダミー被写体を外光や補助光源の光を用いて照明し、マニュアルまたはオートフォーカス機能にて焦点を合わせる必要があるため、撮影装置の遮光や補助光源設置によるコスト上昇と撮影装置の大型化という問題を抱えていた。これらの問題を解決し小型で安価な撮影装置を提供することにある。
【解決手段】暗箱と前記暗箱に遮光固定されたデジタルカメラおよび前記デジタルカメラの焦点を合わせるためのダミー被写体から構成され、前記ダミー被写体が蓄光材を有することを特徴とする撮影装置にて解決することができる。
【選択図】図1
A conventional photographing apparatus used for detection of chemiluminescence or bioluminescence illuminates a subject or a dummy subject with external light or light of an auxiliary light source when a photographing lens is focused on the subject, and is manually or automatically Since it is necessary to adjust the focus with the focus function, there have been problems such as an increase in cost and an increase in the size of the photographing apparatus due to light shielding of the photographing apparatus and installation of an auxiliary light source. An object of the present invention is to solve these problems and provide a small and inexpensive photographing apparatus.
An imaging apparatus comprising: a dark box, a digital camera light-shielded and fixed to the dark box, and a dummy subject for focusing the digital camera, wherein the dummy subject has a phosphorescent material. be able to.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は分子生物学分野における化学発光や生物発光の微弱光検出に用いることができる撮影装置に関する。The present invention relates to an imaging apparatus that can be used for weak light detection of chemiluminescence and bioluminescence in the field of molecular biology.

従来より、化学発光や生物発光を利用して目的のたんぱく質や核酸、あるいは遺伝子発現を検出する発光検出は、非常に高い感度を有するために広く利用されてきた。特に電気泳動の分野では、ゲルで分離したタンパク質や核酸をニトロセルロースやPVDFメンブレンシート上にブロットして、ルミノール、アクリジニウムエステルあるいはアダマンタン化合物(ジオキセタン)などを化学発光させて、被写体であるメンブレンシートから発する微弱光をデジタルカメラにより撮影して検出する方法が近年普及してきている。Conventionally, luminescence detection for detecting target protein, nucleic acid, or gene expression using chemiluminescence or bioluminescence has been widely used because it has very high sensitivity. Especially in the field of electrophoresis, proteins and nucleic acids separated by gels are blotted onto nitrocellulose or PVDF membrane sheets, and luminol, acridinium ester or adamantane compound (dioxetane) is chemiluminescent, and the membrane as the subject. In recent years, a method of photographing and detecting weak light emitted from a sheet with a digital camera has been widespread.

一方、ホタルルシフェラーゼやウミシイタケルシフェラーゼなどのレポーター遺伝子を細胞などに組み込み、そのレポーター遺伝子を細胞内などで発現させて、ルシフェリンやセレンテラジンの生物発光をデジタルカメラで撮影し、その画像から遺伝子の発現を観察することも行われている。この場合被写体となるのはシャーレやタイタープレートなどになる。On the other hand, a reporter gene such as firefly luciferase or Renilla luciferase is incorporated into a cell, the reporter gene is expressed in the cell, and the bioluminescence of luciferin or coelenterazine is photographed with a digital camera, and the gene expression is detected from the image. Observing is also done. In this case, the subject is a petri dish or titer plate.

ここで用いられる撮影装置は、一般的に被写体を設置する暗箱と暗箱に取付けられたデジタルカメラから構成されている。撮影装置には比較的大きな扉が付いており、その扉を開けて被写体の出し入れを行うと共に装置内に外光を入射する。扉が閉まった状態の撮影装置内は暗黒であり、レンズの焦点を被写体に合わせることができないので、扉を開けて外光を入れるかまたは被写体を照明する補助光源が必要となる(特許文献1参照)。従ってレンズの焦点を被写体に合わせる際には、外光または補助光源の光により被写体を照明し、マニュアル操作またはオートフォーカス機能によりレンズの焦点を合わせることになる。The photographing apparatus used here is generally composed of a dark box in which a subject is placed and a digital camera attached to the dark box. The photographing apparatus has a relatively large door. The door is opened to take in and out the subject, and external light enters the apparatus. Since the inside of the photographing apparatus with the door closed is dark and the lens cannot be focused on the subject, an auxiliary light source that opens the door and enters external light or illuminates the subject is required (Patent Document 1). reference). Therefore, when the lens is focused on the subject, the subject is illuminated with external light or light from an auxiliary light source, and the lens is focused by manual operation or an autofocus function.

さらに詳しく説明すると、デジタルカメラに取付けられる撮影用レンズは、F=1近辺の非常に明るいレンズが用いられ、しかも絞りを開放にしてデジタルカメラに取り込む光量を最大にする必要がある。従って被写界深度は非常に浅いために被写体にマニュアルで焦点を正確に合わせることは難しく、特にメンブレンシートが被写体の場合は色が真っ白でコントラストがないためさらに難しい。従って名刺などの文字の入った紙などをダミー被写体として焦点を合わせ、次にダミー被写体と被写体を交換して撮影を行う方法が一般的に行われている(特許文献2および非特許文献1参照)。More specifically, the photographing lens attached to the digital camera is a very bright lens near F = 1, and it is necessary to maximize the amount of light taken into the digital camera by opening the aperture. Accordingly, since the depth of field is very shallow, it is difficult to manually focus on the subject manually. In particular, when the membrane sheet is the subject, the color is pure white and there is no contrast. Accordingly, a method is generally employed in which a paper with characters such as business cards is focused as a dummy subject, and then the dummy subject and the subject are exchanged to perform shooting (see Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 1). ).

一方、市販されているデジタルカメラのオートフォーカス機能は、レンズを通して得られる画像から測距を行う所謂パッシブ方式が主流である。この方式の欠点は、コントラストが低い被写体や暗い被写体に焦点を合わせることが困難な点にある。例えば、メンブレンシートは色が真っ白でコントラストがないため、オートフォーカス機能は全く働かない。また、暗黒中にある被写体から放出される化学発光や生物発光の眼に見えないような微弱光での測距は不可能で、この場合もオートフォーカス機能は全く働かない。従ってマニュアルによる合焦と同様に外光または補助光源の光により被写体を照明し、レンズの焦点を被写体に合わせなければならない。さらに被写体がメンブレンシートの場合は、コントラストが低いためダミー被写体を用いなければオートフォーカス機能は働かない。On the other hand, a so-called passive method for measuring a distance from an image obtained through a lens is mainly used as an autofocus function of a commercially available digital camera. The disadvantage of this method is that it is difficult to focus on a subject with low contrast or a dark subject. For example, since the membrane sheet is pure white and has no contrast, the autofocus function does not work at all. Further, it is impossible to measure the distance with weak light that cannot be seen by the eyes of chemiluminescence or bioluminescence emitted from an object in the dark, and in this case, the autofocus function does not work at all. Therefore, as in manual focusing, the subject must be illuminated with external light or auxiliary light, and the lens must be focused on the subject. Furthermore, when the subject is a membrane sheet, the autofocus function does not work unless a dummy subject is used because the contrast is low.

そこで、被写体の配置部に対応したところにレンズの焦点を予め設定した装置も開発されている(特許文献3参照)。ここで被写体は種々の厚さであるため、結局は微調整手段が必要となっている。さらにレンズは通常ガラスと金属フレームから構成されており、周囲温度に依存して熱膨張を起こすため、環境温度により焦点にずれが生じることが知られている。そのため正確で良質の画像を得るためには、撮影の都度焦点合わせを行うことが最も重要である。In view of this, an apparatus has been developed in which the focal point of the lens is set in advance at a location corresponding to the object placement portion (see Patent Document 3). Here, since the subject has various thicknesses, fine adjustment means are eventually required. Furthermore, it is known that the lens is usually composed of a glass and a metal frame and causes thermal expansion depending on the ambient temperature, so that the focus shifts due to the environmental temperature. Therefore, in order to obtain an accurate and high-quality image, it is most important to perform focusing every time shooting is performed.

このようにマニュアルあるいはオートフォーカスのいずれの合焦方法であっても、ダミー被写体とダミー被写体を照明する外光あるいは補助光源が不可欠である。外光を撮影装置内に取り入れ被写体を十分な明るさで照明するには、大きな扉か入光窓を必要とするが、撮影時には撮影装置内を完全な暗黒状態にしなければならず、構造上において矛盾が生じる。この矛盾を解決するために、大きな扉や入光窓の遮光をワンタッチで完全に遮光できる機構を取り入れなければならず、このことがコストを上昇させる要因となっている。As described above, regardless of the manual focusing method or the auto focusing method, the external light or auxiliary light source for illuminating the dummy subject and the dummy subject is indispensable. In order to illuminate the subject with sufficient brightness by incorporating external light into the camera, a large door or light entrance window is required. However, when shooting, the camera must be in a completely dark state. Inconsistency occurs. In order to solve this contradiction, it is necessary to adopt a mechanism that can completely block the light of a large door or light entrance window with a single touch, and this increases the cost.

また、補助光源を用いる場合にも電源や光源となるランプの点灯回路が別途必要となることからコストを上昇させてしまう。さらに補助光源の設置場所を確保するために撮影装置が大型化するという欠点があった。In addition, when an auxiliary light source is used, the power supply and a lighting circuit for the lamp serving as the light source are separately required, which increases the cost. Furthermore, there has been a drawback that the size of the photographing apparatus is increased in order to secure a place for installing the auxiliary light source.

特開2000−241352号 公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-241352 特開平10−215404号 公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-215404 特許第3761054号 公報Japanese Patent No. 3760544

「富士フィルム Application Note No.8」,富士フィルム株式会社,2007年,p.6“Fuji Film Application Note No. 8”, Fuji Film Co., Ltd., 2007, p. 6

前記のように、化学発光や生物発光の検出に用いる撮影装置は撮影用レンズの焦点を被写体に合わせる際、被写体またはダミー被写体を外光や補助光源の光を用いて照明し、マニュアルまたはオートフォーカス機能にて焦点を合わせる必要があるために、撮影装置の遮光のためのコスト上昇、補助光源設置によるコスト上昇と撮影装置の大型化という問題点を抱えておりその解決策が求められている。本発明はこれらの問題を一挙に解決し、安価で小型の撮影装置を提供することにある。As described above, an imaging device used for detection of chemiluminescence or bioluminescence illuminates a subject or a dummy subject using external light or light from an auxiliary light source when manual imaging or autofocusing is performed. Since it is necessary to focus on the function, there are problems such as an increase in cost for light shielding of the imaging apparatus, an increase in cost due to the installation of an auxiliary light source, and an increase in the size of the imaging apparatus, and a solution is required. An object of the present invention is to solve these problems all at once, and to provide an inexpensive and small photographing apparatus.

以上の課題を解決するために、暗箱と前記暗箱に遮光固定されたデジタルカメラおよび前記デジタルカメラの焦点を合わせるためのダミー被写体から構成され、前記ダミー被写体が蓄光材を有することを特徴とする撮影装置にて解決することができる。In order to solve the above-described problems, the photographing is characterized by comprising a dark box, a digital camera light-shielded and fixed to the dark box, and a dummy subject for focusing the digital camera, and the dummy subject has a phosphorescent material. It can be solved with a device.

本発明によれば、ダミー被写体が蓄光材を有するために、ダミー被写体を普段は蛍光灯などの室内光に曝される状態にしておき、レンズの焦点合わせの時だけ撮影装置内に設置すると暗黒中で明るく自発光する。そのため外光や補助光源によりダミー被写体を照明しなくてもレンズの焦点合わせが可能になる。従って外光を取り入れる必要がないため扉を必要最小限の小さなものにでき、その結果遮光は簡単な機構で済ますことが可能でコストが削減される。また補助光源も必要としないため安価で小型の撮影装置を提供することが可能となる。According to the present invention, since the dummy subject has a phosphorescent material, the dummy subject is usually exposed to room light such as a fluorescent lamp, and it is dark when installed in the photographing apparatus only when focusing the lens. It emits bright light. Therefore, the lens can be focused without illuminating the dummy subject with external light or an auxiliary light source. Therefore, since it is not necessary to take in external light, the door can be made as small as possible. As a result, the light can be shielded with a simple mechanism, and the cost is reduced. In addition, since an auxiliary light source is not required, it is possible to provide an inexpensive and small photographing apparatus.

本発明の撮影装置の一態様を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the one aspect | mode of the imaging device of this invention

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図1に基づいて説明する。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

図1において、本発明の撮影装置はデジタルカメラ1、撮影用レンズ2、暗箱3、被写体4、ダミー被写体5および被写体テーブル6より構成されている。被写体4は、PVDFやニトロセルロースなどのメンブレンシートあるいはシャーレやタイタープレートである。ダミー被写体5は被写体とほぼ厚みが同じである紙、プラスチックまたは金属製のフィルムや板などで、被写体テーブル6の上に設置されており、撮影面に蓄光材にて文字や記号などが描かれている。In FIG. 1, the photographing apparatus of the present invention comprises a digital camera 1, a photographing lens 2, a dark box 3, a subject 4, a dummy subject 5, and a subject table 6. The subject 4 is a membrane sheet such as PVDF or nitrocellulose, a petri dish or a titer plate. The dummy subject 5 is a film, plate, or the like made of paper, plastic, or metal that is almost the same thickness as the subject. The dummy subject 5 is placed on the subject table 6, and characters, symbols, etc. are drawn on the photographing surface with a phosphorescent material. ing.

ダミー被写体5は矢印Bで示したように普段は室内の蛍光灯などの光に曝されていて、蓄光材は光エネルギーを蓄積している。撮影用レンズ2の焦点合わせを行うときには、矢印Aの右方向に被写体テーブル6をスライドさせダミー被写体5を暗箱3の中に引き込むと、ダミー被写体5は蓄積していた光エネルギーを放出し発光するので、その光により撮影用レンズ2の焦点合わせをマニュアルまたはオートフォーカス機能を用いて行う。焦点がダミー被写体5に合ったならば、矢印Aの左方向に被写体テーブル6をスライドさせて被写体4を暗箱3内へ引き込み撮影を行う。As indicated by the arrow B, the dummy subject 5 is usually exposed to light such as an indoor fluorescent lamp, and the phosphorescent material accumulates light energy. When the photographing lens 2 is focused, if the subject table 6 is slid in the right direction of the arrow A and the dummy subject 5 is drawn into the dark box 3, the dummy subject 5 emits the accumulated light energy and emits light. Therefore, the focusing of the photographing lens 2 is performed using the light using a manual or autofocus function. When the focus is on the dummy subject 5, the subject table 6 is slid in the left direction of the arrow A, and the subject 4 is drawn into the dark box 3 to perform photographing.

ダミー被写体5の撮影面に付着している蓄光材は、硫化亜鉛を主成分とした夜光塗料やアルミン酸塩を主成分とした根本特殊化学社製の「N夜光(ルミノーバ)」などであり、光の吸収と発光を繰り返し行うことができる材料であれば特に限定されるものではない。また、ダミー被写体5のベースとなる紙、プラスチックまたは金属などへの蓄光材付着手段も特に限定されたものではなく、ベース素材への練りこみ、塗装、シルク印刷またはフィルム状で市販されている蓄光テープや蓄光シートをカットして貼り付けることも可能である。The phosphorescent material adhering to the photographing surface of the dummy subject 5 is a luminous paint mainly composed of zinc sulfide or “N Luminous” manufactured by Nemoto Special Chemical Co., Ltd. mainly composed of aluminate, The material is not particularly limited as long as it can repeatedly absorb and emit light. Further, the means for attaching the phosphorescent material to the paper, plastic, metal, or the like used as the base of the dummy subject 5 is not particularly limited. It is also possible to cut and paste a tape or a phosphorescent sheet.

デジタルカメラ1は冷却CCDカメラ、冷却SLRカメラ、CMOSカメラなどの高感度デジタルカメラであればどのようなものでも使用可能である。特に冷却を必要としない高感度CMOSカメラがコスト面からより好ましい。As the digital camera 1, any high-sensitivity digital camera such as a cooled CCD camera, a cooled SLR camera, or a CMOS camera can be used. In particular, a high-sensitivity CMOS camera that does not require cooling is more preferable from the viewpoint of cost.

被写体テーブル6は、図1のような連動式のスライドテーブルや回転式のテーブルなどその形態は限定されたものではなく、ダミー被写体5専用のテーブルを別途設けても良いし、ダミー被写体5を被写体テーブル6から着脱可能な形態とし、撮影時に被写体4と手動または自動で交換することも可能である。The subject table 6 is not limited in its form, such as an interlocking slide table or a rotary table as shown in FIG. 1, and a table dedicated to the dummy subject 5 may be provided separately. It is possible to replace the table 6 with the subject 4 manually or automatically at the time of shooting.

以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、これらは本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but these do not limit the scope of the present invention.

本実施例では図1に示す本発明の撮影装置の一態様を用い、デジタルカメラ1はキヤノン社製高感度CMOSカメラ、撮影用レンズ2はキヤノン社製の焦点距離35mmF=1.4を絞り開放にて用いた。ダミー被写体5は和気産業社製の蓄光テープ「AHW041」を10mm角にカットして被写体テーブル6の上に直接貼り付けた。被写体4のメンブレンシートの調製は以下のように行った。インビトロジェン社製のタンパク質ラダーをSDS−PAGEで電気泳動を行った後、PVDFメンブレンシートにブロットした。次にHRP標識抗体を反応させた後、GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンス社製の化学発光試薬「ECL」を用いてタンパク質ラダーのバンドを化学発光させた。In this embodiment, an embodiment of the photographing apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is used. The digital camera 1 is a high-sensitivity CMOS camera made by Canon, and the photographing lens 2 has a focal length of 35 mmF = 1.4 made by Canon. Used in. For the dummy subject 5, a phosphorescent tape “AHW041” manufactured by Wake Sangyo Co., Ltd. was cut into a 10 mm square and directly pasted on the subject table 6. The membrane sheet for Subject 4 was prepared as follows. A protein ladder manufactured by Invitrogen was electrophoresed on SDS-PAGE and blotted on a PVDF membrane sheet. Next, after reacting with an HRP-labeled antibody, a protein ladder band was chemiluminescentd using a chemiluminescent reagent “ECL” manufactured by GE Healthcare Biosciences.

先ず、1分間ダミー被写体5を室内光に曝した後、暗箱4の中にスライドさせてデジタルカメラ1のファインダーからダミー被写体を目視で観察したところ、十分な明るさの像が確認できマニュアルにて容易に焦点を合わせることが可能であった。次にオートフォーカス機能をONにしてオートフォーカス機能を動作させたところ、一回の動作にて焦点を合わせることが可能であった。次に被写体テーブル6をスライドさせて化学発光している被写体4のメンブレンシートをデジタルカメラ1の真下に設置した。ISO感度12800にて露光時間5分間のバルブ撮影を行ったところ、化学発光しているタンパク質の明瞭な画像を撮影することができた。First, after exposing the dummy subject 5 to room light for 1 minute and then sliding it into the dark box 4 and visually observing the dummy subject from the viewfinder of the digital camera 1, an image with sufficient brightness can be confirmed manually. It was possible to focus easily. Next, when the autofocus function was activated with the autofocus function turned on, it was possible to focus with a single operation. Next, the subject table 6 was slid to place the membrane sheet of the subject 4 that is chemiluminescent, directly under the digital camera 1. When bulb photography was performed at an ISO sensitivity of 12800 for an exposure time of 5 minutes, a clear image of chemiluminescent protein could be taken.

1 デジタルカメラ
2 撮影用レンズ
3 暗箱
4 被写体
5 ダミー被写体
6 被写体テーブル
1 Digital Camera 2 Shooting Lens 3 Dark Box 4 Subject 5 Dummy Subject 6 Subject Table

Claims (1)

化学発光または生物発光により微弱光を放出する被写体をデジタルカメラにて撮影する撮影装置であって、
暗箱と前記暗箱に遮光固定されたオートフォーカス機能付きデジタルカメラおよび前記デジタルカメラの焦点を合わせるためのダミー被写体から構成され、前記ダミー被写体は蓄光材を有し、かつ光に曝されることにより光エネルギーを蓄積する状態に置かれ、前記デジタルカメラの焦点合わせのとき前記暗箱内に引き込まれて、前記蓄光材に蓄積されていた光エネルギー放出により発光し、その発光の光により前記デジタルカメラのオートフォーカス機能にて焦点合わせを行うことを特徴とする撮影装置。
A photographing device that photographs a subject that emits faint light by chemiluminescence or bioluminescence with a digital camera,
A dark box, a digital camera with an autofocus function fixed to the dark box, and a dummy subject for focusing the digital camera. The dummy subject has a phosphorescent material and is exposed to light. It is placed in a state where energy is stored, and when the digital camera is focused, it is drawn into the dark box and emits light by emitting light energy stored in the phosphorescent material. An imaging apparatus characterized by performing focusing with a focus function.
JP2009163154A 2009-06-19 2009-06-19 Imaging device Expired - Fee Related JP4507132B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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CN111830764A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-27 广西大学 Auxiliary device for sterile photographing and application method thereof

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JP6579525B2 (en) * 2017-06-26 2019-09-25 國昭 永山 Lens unit for weak light observation and double microscope apparatus
JP6693625B1 (en) * 2019-04-12 2020-05-13 アマネファクトリー株式会社 Shooting kit

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