JP4461576B2 - LED light source device - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4461576B2
JP4461576B2 JP2000182845A JP2000182845A JP4461576B2 JP 4461576 B2 JP4461576 B2 JP 4461576B2 JP 2000182845 A JP2000182845 A JP 2000182845A JP 2000182845 A JP2000182845 A JP 2000182845A JP 4461576 B2 JP4461576 B2 JP 4461576B2
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led
circuit
voltage
series
light source
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JP2002008409A (en
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征彦 鎌田
恵一 清水
敏彦 笹井
一敏 三田
雄治 高橋
晋一郎 松本
日出夫 小塚
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Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
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Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
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【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、複数個のＬＥＤを発光素子として用いたＬＥＤ光源装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
発光ダイオード（以下ＬＥＤという）はＰＮ接合を有する半導体であり一種のダイオードとして動作する。従って、順方向電圧は数ボルト以下と比較的低く、その駆動用電源としては、３〜１５Ｖ程度の低電圧の直流電源が用いられる。
【０００３】
近年、ＬＥＤの発光効率が高まり照明灯の光源への応用が検討されてきている。現行の照明用ランプからの置き換えを考える場合、商用電源に接続できる構成が望まれる。一般に、商用電源は５０〜６０Ｈｚの交流であり、電圧も１００Ｖ〜２４２Ｖである。そこで、商用電源でＬＥＤを点灯する場合、抵抗器を電流制限要素として用いた点灯回路が使用されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、点灯回路に抵抗器を使用した場合には、抵抗器での電力損失が大きく、光源としてのエネルギー効率が悪い。また、交流電源に接続した場合、ＬＥＤはダイオードであるので、交流の半サイクルでしか発光せず、ちらつきになってしまうという問題があった。電流制限要素としてコンデンサを使用した場合には、電力損失の問題は解決するが依然として電流安定性は改善できない。
【０００５】
そこで、特開平１１−６７４７１号公報に示されるものでは、昇圧チョッパ回路の平滑コンデンサに、複数個のＬＥＤを直列接続した回路を２個並列接続し、平滑コンデンサ電圧を入力電圧のピーク値より高く、ＬＥＤの順方向電圧の総和に等しくしている。これにより、入力電流の高調波を低減し、また電流限流要素などの電力損失をほぼ零にしている。
【０００６】
しかし、ＬＥＤのうちの一つが短絡破壊した場合には、破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路の順方向電圧の総和が小さくなり、この回路のみに短絡電流が流れることになる。平滑電圧値が一定に制御されている場合には、破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路には過大な電流が流れる。過電流状態ではＬＥＤの温度は上昇し、発光効率を下げることはもちろん、ＬＥＤの寿命を短くすることも有り得る。
【０００７】
本発明の目的は、効率がよく安価でちらつきの少ないＬＥＤ光源装置を提供することである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の発明に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置は、複数個のＬＥＤが直列接続されたＬＥＤ直列回路または複数個のＬＥＤが逆並列接続されたＬＥＤ逆並列回路を２並列以上接続して形成されたＬＥＤ負荷と、ＬＥＤ負荷が点灯可能となる電力を供給する電源部と；各々のＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路に直列接続された回路要素と；各々の前記回路要素の負担電圧を検出して各々の前記回路要素の負担電圧のうちの最小値を検出する比較手段と；前記比較手段によって検出された前記回路要素の負担電圧のうちの最小値がＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧よりも小さくなるように前記電源部を制御する制御手段と；を備えたことを特徴とする。
【０００９】
本発明および以下の各発明において、特に指定しない限り用語の定義および技術的意味は次による。
【００１０】
ＬＥＤ負荷とは、照明灯として形成されたＬＥＤ回路であり、電源が投入されたときＬＥＤが発光する。ＬＥＤ負荷は、直流電源用として、複数個のＬＥＤが直列接続されたＬＥＤ直列回路を２並列以上接続して形成される。また、交流電源用として、複数個のＬＥＤが逆並列接続されたＬＥＤ逆並列回路を２並列以上接続して形成される。ＬＥＤ逆並列回路にはＬＥＤ直列回路を逆並列接続されたものも含まれる。
【００１１】
電源部とは、ＬＥＤ負荷に電力を供給する電源およびその調整部であり、例えば、単相交流電源、その単相交流電源に接続される全波整流回路、出力電圧を調整制御する定電圧レギュレータから構成される。また、単相交流電源、その単相交流電源に接続される全波整流回路、定電流レギュレータから構成される。また、単相交流電源および全波整流回路に代えて直流電源が用いられる場合も含む。
【００１２】
定電圧レギュレータは、調整可能な一定電圧を出力する。定電流レギュレータは、調整可能な一定電流を出力する。定電圧レギュレータや定電流レギュレータには、昇圧型定、降圧型、ハーフブリッジ型インバータが含まれる。ハーフブリッジ型インバータは、ＬＥＤが逆並列接続されたＬＥＤ負荷に電源を供給する。
【００１３】
回路要素は、定電流回路やインピーダンス素子であり、インピーダンス素子には、抵抗器やリアクトルが含まれる。
【００１４】
定電流回路は入力電圧の大きさに関係なく一定電流を流す回路であり、電源部が電圧レギュレータである場合にＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路に直列接続される。インピーダンス素子は入力電流に応じて逆電圧を発生する素子であり、電源部が電圧レギュレータである場合に定電流回路に代えて直列接続され、電源部が電流レギュレータである場合にＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路に直列接続される。
【００１５】
制御手段は、電源部の出力電圧または出力電流を制御する。この場合、回路要素の負担電圧がＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧よりも小さくなるように制御する。これにより、回路要素での電力消費量はＬＥＤ列による電力消費量より小さくなり効率が向上する。ＬＥＤフォワード電圧とはＬＥＤが動作するに必要な最小電圧であり、ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧とは、ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路を形成するＬＥＤ列における各々のＬＥＤのフォワード電圧の総和である。
【００１６】
請求項２の発明に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置は、請求項１の発明において、前記制御手段は、前記回路要素の負担電圧が前記ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧の１／１０以下に制御することを特徴とする。
【００１７】
回路要素での電力消費量の低減のためには、回路要素の負担電圧は小さい（実質的に零に近い値）ほど望ましい。本発明では、電源変動、温度変化、ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路によるばらつき等を考慮して、ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧の１／１０以下としている。
【００１８】
請求項３の発明に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置は、請求項１の発明において、前記制御手段は、前記回路要素の負担電圧が最小値である前記ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路における回路要素の負担電圧を実質的に零に制御する。
【００１９】
本発明では、各々のＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路における回路要素の負担電圧を監視し、そのうちの最小値を検出する。そして、その最小値のＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路における回路要素の負担電圧を零に制御する。これにより、回路要素での電力消費量のさらなる低減が図れる。
【００２８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図である。
【００２９】
ＬＥＤ負荷１は、複数個のＬＥＤが直列接続されたＬＥＤ直列回路２を２並列以上接続して形成されている。また、ＬＥＤ負荷１の各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２には回路要素３が直列接続されている。図１では、回路要素３として定電流回路が直列接続されており、定電流回路は各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２の入力電圧の大きさに関係なく、そのＬＥＤ列に一定電流を流すことになる。
【００３０】
このＬＥＤ負荷１には、単相交流電源４の電源電圧を整流器５で整流し定電圧レギュレータ６で調整された直流電圧が印加される。この定電圧レギュレータ６は昇圧チョッパ付きの昇圧型であり、制御手段７により制御され、ＬＥＤ負荷に供給する一定電圧を調整して出力する。比較手段８は、各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２の回路要素３の負担電圧のうちの最小値を検出するものであり、その検出した最小値を制御手段７に出力する。
【００３１】
制御手段７は、回路要素３の負担電圧がＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧よりも小さくなるように定電圧レギュレータ６を制御する。この場合、各々の回路要素３の負担電圧にはばらつきがあるので、比較手段８で検出された各々の回路要素３の入力電圧のうちの最小値がＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧よりも小さくなるように定電圧レギュレータ６を制御する。
【００３２】
これにより、回路要素３の負担電圧はＬＥＤ直列回路２の負担電圧より小さくなるので、ＬＥＤ発光効率が向上する。
【００３３】
この場合、制御手段７は、回路要素３の負担電圧がＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧の１／１０以下になるように制御する。また、制御手段７は、ＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧が確立し各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２が点灯したときは、回路要素３の負担電圧の最小値を実質的に零に制御する。これにより、回路要素３での電力消費量のさらなる低減が図れる。
【００３４】
図２は、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の説明図であり、図２（ａ）はその構成図、図２（ｂ）は回路要素３の回路図である。この第２の実施の形態は、図１に示した第１の実施の形態に対し、定電圧レギュレータ６は昇圧チョッパに代えてトランスを設けた電圧レギュレータとしたものである。その他の構成は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同一であるので、同一要素には同一符号を付し重複する説明は省略する。
【００３５】
回路要素３は、図２（ｂ）に示すように、抵抗器Ｒ１、Ｒ２、トランジスタＴｒ、定電圧素子ＺＤから構成され、トランジスタＴｒに流れる電流（ＬＥＤ列）は抵抗器Ｒ２に発生する電圧が定電圧値Ｖ０となる値に一定制御される。この第２の実施の形態の場合も第１の実施の形態と同様に、回路要素３で消費される電力が低減できるので、ＬＥＤ発光効率が向上する。
【００３６】
図３は、本発明の第３の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図である。この第３の実施の形態は、図１に示した第１の実施の形態に対し、単相交流電源４に代えて直流電源９とし、定電圧レギュレータ６に代えて定電流レギュレータ１０を設け、回路要素３として抵抗器を用いたものである。
【００３７】
この定電流レギュレータ１０は降圧チョッパ付きの降圧型であり、制御手段７により制御され、ＬＥＤ負荷に供給する一定電流を調整して出力する。回路素子３は各ＬＥＤ枝路のフォワード電圧のばらつきによる電流ばらつきを抑制するために設けられる。比較手段８は、各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２の回路要素３の負担電圧のうちの最小値を検出するものであり、その検出した最小値を制御手段７に出力する。その他の構成は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同一であるので、同一要素には同一符号を付し重複する説明は省略する。
【００３８】
この第３の実施の形態の場合も第１の実施の形態と同様に、回路要素３としての抵抗器で消費される電力が低減できるので、ＬＥＤ発光効率が向上する。
【００３９】
図４は、本発明の第４の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図である。この第４の実施の形態は、図３に示した第３の実施の形態に対し、定電流レギュレータ１０に代えてハーフブリッジ型インバータ１１を設け、回路素子３としてリアクトル（コイル）を用いたものである。また、ハーフブリッジ型インバータ１１は高周波電源となることから、ＬＥＤ負荷１は、複数個のＬＥＤが逆並列接続されたＬＥＤ逆並列回路１２を２並列以上接続して形成される。その他の構成は、図３に示す第３の実施の形態と同一であるので、同一要素には同一符号を付し重複する説明は省略する。
【００４０】
この第４の実施の形態の場合は、回路要素３としてのリアクトルの負担電圧が最小値となる負荷電流で動作するので、ＬＥＤ発光効率が向上する。
【００４１】
図５は、本発明の参考例１に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図である。この参考例１は、各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤ列に少なくとも１つの過電流遮断素子１３を直列接続したものである。
【００４２】
ＬＥＤ負荷１は、複数個のＬＥＤが直列接続されたＬＥＤ直列回路２を２並列以上接続して形成されている。また、ＬＥＤ負荷１の各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２には過電流遮断素子１３が直列接続されており、ＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤが短絡破壊して過電流が流れたときにその過電流を遮断する。また、電流制限素子としての回路要素３が各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２をまとめて設けられている。
【００４３】
ここで、各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２は着脱可能なユニットで形成され、このユニットには少なくとも１個の過電流遮断素子１３を備えるようにする。これにより、ＬＥＤが短絡故障した場合に、故障したＬＥＤを含むＬＥＤ直列回路２を交換できるようにしている。
【００４４】
ＬＥＤ負荷１には、単相交流電源４の電源電圧を整流器５で整流し定電圧レギュレータ６で調整された直流電圧が印加される。この定電圧レギュレータ６は昇圧チョッパ付きの昇圧型であり、制御手段７により制御され、ＬＥＤ負荷１に供給する一定電圧を調整して出力する。すなわち、制御手段７はＬＥＤ負荷１の全体に流れる全負荷電流を電流検出手段１４で検出し、ＬＥＤ負荷１の全負荷電流が一定値になるように制御する。
【００４５】
従って、ＬＥＤが短絡破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路２がある場合には、その短絡破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤ列に対して並列数分の合計負荷電流が流れることになり、そのＬＥＤ列に直列接続された過電流遮断素子１３を確実に動作させる。
【００４６】
このように、短絡破壊の生じたＬＥＤ直列回路を過電流遮断素子１３により遮断するので、破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路には過大な電流が流れることを防止でき、ＬＥＤの温度上昇や発光効率を下降を防止できる。
【００４７】
図６は、本発明の参考例２に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図である。この参考例２は、図５に示した参考例１に対し、定電圧レギュレータ６に代えて定電流レギュレータ１０を設け、各々のＬＥＤ直列回路２を複数個（図６では２個）の着脱可能なユニットで形成し、このユニットに少なくとも１個の過電流遮断素子１３を備えるようにしたものである。
【００４８】
ＬＥＤ負荷１には、単相交流電源４の電源電圧を整流器５で整流し定電流レギュレータ１０で調整された直流電流が印加される。この定電流レギュレータ１０は、制御手段７により制御され、ＬＥＤ負荷１に供給する一定電流を調整して出力する。すなわち、制御手段７はＬＥＤ負荷１の全体に流れる全負荷電流を電流検出手段１４で検出し、ＬＥＤ負荷１の全負荷電流が一定値になるように制御する。
【００４９】
従って、ＬＥＤが短絡破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路２がある場合には、その短絡破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路２のＬＥＤ列に対して並列数分の合計負荷電流が流れることになり、そのＬＥＤ列に直列接続された過電流遮断素子１３を確実に動作させる。これにより、短絡破壊の生じたＬＥＤ直列回路２を過電流遮断素子１３により遮断できるので、破壊したＬＥＤ直列回路には過大な電流が流れることを防止でき、ＬＥＤの温度上昇や発光効率を下降を防止できる。
【００５０】
図７は、本発明の参考例３に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図である。この参考例３は、図６に示した参考例２に対し、定電流レギュレータ１０に代えてハーフブリッジ型インバータ１１を設け、ハーフブリッジ型インバータ１１は高周波電源となることから、ＬＥＤ負荷１は、複数個のＬＥＤが逆並列接続されたＬＥＤ逆並列回路１２を２並列以上接続して形成したものである。また、各々のＬＥＤ並列回路１２のＬＥＤ列に電流検出手段１４を設け、制御手段７は、各々のＬＥＤ並列回路１２のＬＥＤ列の負荷電流のうちの最小値が予め定めた一定値になるようにＬＥＤ負荷１の負荷電流を制御するようにしている。
【００５１】
このことから、負荷電流がほぼ零になる破壊していないＬＥＤ列の電流を増やすことになる。従って、短絡破壊しているＬＥＤ列にはさらに大きな電流が流れることになるので、そのＬＥＤ列に直列接続された過電流遮断素子１３は確実に動作する。
【００５２】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、各ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路によるフォワード電圧のばらつきなどがあっても、各ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ電流を安定としながら、回路要素での電流損失を最小限にできる。
【００５３】
また、各ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列の直列に電流遮断素子を接続するので、ＬＥＤが短絡故障した場合にその短絡故障したＬＥＤ列を除去できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図。
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の説明図。
【図３】本発明の第３の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図。
【図４】本発明の第４の実施の形態に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図。
【図５】本発明の参考例１に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図。
【図６】本発明の参考例２に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図。
【図７】本発明の参考例３に係わるＬＥＤ光源装置の構成図。
【符号の税明】
１…ＬＥＤ負荷、２…ＬＥＤ直列回路、３…回路要素、４…単相交流電源、５…整流器、６…定電圧レギュレータ、７…制御手段、８…比較手段、９…直流電源、１０…定電流レギュレータ、１１…ハーフブリッジ型インバータ、１２…ＬＥＤ逆並列回路、１３…過電流遮断素子、１４…電流検出手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an LED light source device using a plurality of LEDs as light emitting elements.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A light emitting diode (hereinafter referred to as LED) is a semiconductor having a PN junction and operates as a kind of diode. Therefore, the forward voltage is relatively low, such as several volts or less, and a low-voltage DC power supply of about 3 to 15 V is used as the driving power supply.
[0003]
In recent years, the luminous efficiency of LEDs has increased, and the application of illumination lamps to light sources has been studied. When considering replacement from the existing lighting lamp, a configuration that can be connected to a commercial power supply is desired. In general, the commercial power source is an alternating current of 50 to 60 Hz, and the voltage is 100V to 242V. Therefore, when an LED is lit with a commercial power supply, a lighting circuit using a resistor as a current limiting element is used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a resistor is used in the lighting circuit, power loss in the resistor is large, and energy efficiency as a light source is poor. Further, when connected to an AC power source, since the LED is a diode, there is a problem that it emits light only in a half cycle of AC and flickers. When a capacitor is used as a current limiting element, the problem of power loss is solved, but the current stability cannot be improved yet.
[0005]
Therefore, in the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-67471, two circuits in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series are connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitor of the boost chopper circuit, and the smoothing capacitor voltage is set higher than the peak value of the input voltage. , Equal to the sum of the forward voltages of the LEDs. As a result, the harmonics of the input current are reduced, and the power loss of the current limiting element is made substantially zero.
[0006]
However, when one of the LEDs breaks down, the total forward voltage of the broken LED series circuit becomes small, and a short-circuit current flows only in this circuit. When the smoothing voltage value is controlled to be constant, an excessive current flows through the destroyed LED series circuit. In the overcurrent state, the temperature of the LED rises, and the lifetime of the LED can be shortened as well as reducing the light emission efficiency.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide an LED light source device that is efficient, inexpensive, and less flickering.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Formed according LED light source device according to the invention of claim 1, a plurality of LED is connected to the LED series times Michima other in series, the LED antiparallel circuit in which a plurality of LED is connected in anti-parallel 2 parallel or An LED load, and a power supply unit that supplies electric power that enables the LED load to be lit ; circuit elements connected in series to each LED series circuit or LED anti-parallel circuit; and a burden voltage of each circuit element is detected the minimum LED series circuits or LED antiparallel circuit of the load voltage of the circuit element detected by said comparing means; to comparing means and for detecting a minimum value of each of the load voltage of the circuit element Control means for controlling the power supply unit so as to be smaller than the forward voltage of the LED array.
[0009]
In the present invention and each of the following inventions, the definitions and technical meanings of terms are as follows unless otherwise specified.
[0010]
The LED load is an LED circuit formed as an illumination lamp, and the LED emits light when the power is turned on. The LED load is formed by connecting two or more LED series circuits in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series for a DC power supply. Moreover, it is formed by connecting two or more parallel LED antiparallel circuits in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in antiparallel for AC power supply. The LED antiparallel circuit includes an LED series circuit connected in antiparallel.
[0011]
The power supply unit is a power supply that supplies power to the LED load and its adjustment unit. Consists of Further, it is composed of a single-phase AC power source, a full-wave rectifier circuit connected to the single-phase AC power source, and a constant current regulator. In addition, a case where a DC power source is used instead of the single-phase AC power source and the full-wave rectifier circuit is included.
[0012]
The constant voltage regulator outputs an adjustable constant voltage. The constant current regulator outputs an adjustable constant current. Constant voltage regulators and constant current regulators include step-up constant, step-down and half-bridge type inverters. The half-bridge type inverter supplies power to an LED load in which LEDs are connected in reverse parallel.
[0013]
The circuit element is a constant current circuit or an impedance element, and the impedance element includes a resistor and a reactor.
[0014]
The constant current circuit is a circuit that allows a constant current to flow regardless of the magnitude of the input voltage, and is connected in series to an LED series circuit or an LED antiparallel circuit when the power supply unit is a voltage regulator. The impedance element is an element that generates a reverse voltage according to the input current, and is connected in series instead of the constant current circuit when the power supply unit is a voltage regulator, and the LED series circuit or LED when the power supply unit is a current regulator. It is connected in series to an antiparallel circuit.
[0015]
The control means controls the output voltage or output current of the power supply unit. In this case, it controls so that the burden voltage of a circuit element may become smaller than the forward voltage of the LED row | line | column of a LED series circuit or a LED reverse parallel circuit. Thereby, the power consumption in the circuit element is smaller than the power consumption by the LED array, and the efficiency is improved. The LED forward voltage is the minimum voltage necessary for the LED to operate, and the forward voltage of the LED series of the LED series circuit or the LED anti-parallel circuit is each of the LED series forming the LED series circuit or the LED anti-parallel circuit. This is the sum of the forward voltages of the LEDs.
[0016]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the LED light source device according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the control means is configured such that the burden voltage of the circuit element is 1/10 of the forward voltage of the LED string of the LED series circuit or LED antiparallel circuit. Control is as follows.
[0017]
In order to reduce the power consumption in the circuit element, the burden voltage of the circuit element is preferably as small as possible (value substantially close to zero). In the present invention, in consideration of power supply fluctuation, temperature change, variation due to the LED series circuit or LED antiparallel circuit, etc., the forward voltage of the LED string of the LED series circuit or LED antiparallel circuit is set to 1/10 or less.
[0018]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the LED light source device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the control means is a circuit element burden voltage in the LED series circuit or LED reverse parallel circuit in which the burden voltage of the circuit element is a minimum value. Is controlled to substantially zero.
[0019]
In this invention, the burden voltage of the circuit element in each LED series circuit or LED reverse parallel circuit is monitored, and the minimum value is detected. And the burden voltage of the circuit element in the LED series circuit or LED reverse parallel circuit of the minimum value is controlled to zero. Thereby, the power consumption in the circuit element can be further reduced.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0029]
The LED load 1 is formed by connecting two or more LED series circuits 2 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series. A circuit element 3 is connected in series to each LED series circuit 2 of the LED load 1. In FIG. 1, a constant current circuit is connected in series as the circuit element 3, and the constant current circuit allows a constant current to flow through the LED string regardless of the magnitude of the input voltage of each LED series circuit 2.
[0030]
The LED load 1 is applied with a DC voltage rectified by a rectifier 5 of a single-phase AC power supply 4 and adjusted by a constant voltage regulator 6. This constant voltage regulator 6 is a step-up type with a step-up chopper and is controlled by the control means 7 to adjust and output a constant voltage supplied to the LED load. The comparison means 8 detects the minimum value of the burden voltage of the circuit element 3 of each LED series circuit 2, and outputs the detected minimum value to the control means 7.
[0031]
The control means 7 controls the constant voltage regulator 6 so that the burden voltage of the circuit element 3 becomes smaller than the forward voltage of the LED string of the LED series circuit 2. In this case, since the burden voltage of each circuit element 3 varies, the minimum value of the input voltages of each circuit element 3 detected by the comparison means 8 is less than the forward voltage of the LED string of the LED series circuit 2. The constant voltage regulator 6 is controlled so as to be smaller.
[0032]
Thereby, since the burden voltage of the circuit element 3 becomes smaller than the burden voltage of the LED series circuit 2, LED luminous efficiency improves.
[0033]
In this case, the control means 7 performs control so that the burden voltage of the circuit element 3 is 1/10 or less of the forward voltage of the LED string of the LED series circuit 2. Further, the control means 7 controls the minimum value of the burden voltage of the circuit element 3 to substantially zero when the forward voltage of the LED string is established and each LED series circuit 2 is lit. Thereby, the power consumption in the circuit element 3 can be further reduced.
[0034]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an LED light source device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a configuration diagram thereof, and FIG. 2 (b) is a circuit diagram of a circuit element 3. In the second embodiment, in contrast to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the constant voltage regulator 6 is a voltage regulator provided with a transformer in place of the step-up chopper. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
[0035]
Circuitry 3, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), resistors R1, R2, the transistor Tr, is constructed from the constant-voltage element ZD, current (LED string) flowing to the transistor Tr is voltage generated in the resistor R2 It is controlled to a constant value V0. Also in the case of the second embodiment, since the power consumed by the circuit element 3 can be reduced as in the first embodiment, the LED light emission efficiency is improved.
[0036]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an LED light source device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, a DC power supply 9 is used instead of the single-phase AC power supply 4 and a constant current regulator 10 is provided instead of the constant voltage regulator 6 with respect to the first embodiment shown in FIG. A resistor is used as the circuit element 3.
[0037]
This constant current regulator 10 is a step-down type with a step-down chopper and is controlled by the control means 7 to adjust and output a constant current supplied to the LED load. The circuit element 3 is provided in order to suppress current variation due to variation in forward voltage of each LED branch. The comparison means 8 detects the minimum value of the burden voltage of the circuit element 3 of each LED series circuit 2, and outputs the detected minimum value to the control means 7. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
[0038]
In the case of the third embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, since the power consumed by the resistor as the circuit element 3 can be reduced, the LED light emission efficiency is improved.
[0039]
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, a half-bridge inverter 11 is provided in place of the constant current regulator 10 and a reactor (coil) is used as the circuit element 3 with respect to the third embodiment shown in FIG. It is. In addition, since the half-bridge inverter 11 serves as a high-frequency power source, the LED load 1 is formed by connecting two or more LED antiparallel circuits 12 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in antiparallel. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
[0040]
In the case of the fourth embodiment, since the operation is performed with a load current at which the burden voltage of the reactor as the circuit element 3 becomes the minimum value, the LED light emission efficiency is improved.
[0041]
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to Reference Example 1 of the present invention. In this reference example 1 , at least one overcurrent interrupting element 13 is connected in series to the LED row of each LED series circuit 2.
[0042]
The LED load 1 is formed by connecting two or more LED series circuits 2 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in series. Further, each LED series circuit 2 of the LED load 1 is connected in series with an overcurrent interrupting element 13, and when the LED of the LED series circuit 2 is short-circuit broken and an overcurrent flows, the overcurrent is interrupted. . Moreover, the circuit element 3 as a current limiting element is provided for each LED series circuit 2 together.
[0043]
Here, each LED series circuit 2 is formed of a detachable unit, and this unit is provided with at least one overcurrent interruption element 13. Thereby, when the LED is short-circuited, the LED series circuit 2 including the failed LED can be replaced.
[0044]
The LED load 1 is applied with a DC voltage that is rectified by a rectifier 5 and adjusted by a constant voltage regulator 6. This constant voltage regulator 6 is a step-up type with a step-up chopper and is controlled by the control means 7 to adjust and output a constant voltage supplied to the LED load 1. That is, the control means 7 detects the total load current flowing through the entire LED load 1 with the current detection means 14 and controls the total load current of the LED load 1 to be a constant value.
[0045]
Therefore, when there is the LED series circuit 2 in which the LED is short-circuit broken, a total load current corresponding to the number of parallel flows in the LED series of the LED series circuit 2 in which the short-circuit breakage occurs. The overcurrent cutoff element 13 thus made is operated reliably.
[0046]
Thus, since the LED series circuit in which the short-circuit breakdown has occurred is blocked by the overcurrent blocking element 13, it is possible to prevent an excessive current from flowing through the broken LED series circuit, and to reduce the LED temperature rise and the light emission efficiency. Can be prevented.
[0047]
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to Reference Example 2 of the present invention. This reference example 2 is provided with a constant current regulator 10 instead of the constant voltage regulator 6 with respect to the reference example 1 shown in FIG. 5, and a plurality (two in FIG. 6) of each LED series circuit 2 can be attached and detached. This unit is provided with at least one overcurrent interrupting element 13.
[0048]
A direct current adjusted by a constant current regulator 10 obtained by rectifying the power supply voltage of the single-phase AC power supply 4 by the rectifier 5 is applied to the LED load 1. The constant current regulator 10 is controlled by the control means 7 and adjusts and outputs a constant current supplied to the LED load 1. That is, the control means 7 detects the total load current flowing through the entire LED load 1 with the current detection means 14 and controls the total load current of the LED load 1 to be a constant value.
[0049]
Therefore, when there is the LED series circuit 2 in which the LED is short-circuit broken, a total load current corresponding to the number of parallel flows in the LED series of the LED series circuit 2 in which the short-circuit breakage occurs. The overcurrent cutoff element 13 thus made is operated reliably. As a result, the LED series circuit 2 in which the short-circuit breakdown has occurred can be blocked by the overcurrent blocking element 13, so that excessive current can be prevented from flowing through the broken LED series circuit, and the LED temperature rise and the luminous efficiency can be reduced. Can be prevented.
[0050]
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to Reference Example 3 of the present invention. This reference example 3 is different from the reference example 2 shown in FIG. 6 in that a half-bridge inverter 11 is provided instead of the constant current regulator 10, and the half-bridge inverter 11 serves as a high-frequency power source. Two or more LED antiparallel circuits 12 in which a plurality of LEDs are connected in antiparallel are connected in parallel. Moreover, the current detection means 14 is provided in the LED row of each LED parallel circuit 12, and the control means 7 makes the minimum value of the load current of the LED row of each LED parallel circuit 12 become a predetermined constant value. The load current of the LED load 1 is controlled.
[0051]
For this reason, the current of the non-destructed LED string in which the load current becomes almost zero is increased. Accordingly, since a larger current flows through the LED string that is short-circuited, the overcurrent interrupting element 13 connected in series to the LED string operates reliably.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even when there is a variation in forward voltage due to each LED series circuit or LED antiparallel circuit, the LED current of each LED series circuit or LED antiparallel circuit is stabilized, Current loss in the element can be minimized.
[0053]
Moreover, since the current interruption element is connected in series with the LED string of each LED series circuit or LED anti-parallel circuit, when the LED is short-circuited, the short-circuited LED string can be removed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an LED light source device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to Reference Example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to Reference Example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an LED light source device according to Reference Example 3 of the present invention.
[Tax of the sign]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... LED load, 2 ... LED series circuit, 3 ... Circuit element, 4 ... Single phase alternating current power supply, 5 ... Rectifier, 6 ... Constant voltage regulator, 7 ... Control means, 8 ... Comparison means, 9 ... DC power supply, 10 ... Constant current regulator, 11 ... half-bridge inverter, 12 ... LED anti-parallel circuit, 13 ... overcurrent cutoff element, 14 ... current detection means

Claims (3)

複数個のＬＥＤが直列接続されたＬＥＤ直列回路または複数個のＬＥＤが逆並列接続されたＬＥＤ逆並列回路を２並列以上接続して形成されたＬＥＤ負荷と、
ＬＥＤ負荷が点灯可能となる電力を供給する電源部と；
各々のＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路に直列接続された回路要素と；
各々の前記回路要素の負担電圧を検出して各々の前記回路要素の負担電圧のうちの最小値を検出する比較手段と；
前記比較手段によって検出された前記回路要素の負担電圧のうちの最小値がＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧よりも小さくなるように前記電源部を制御する制御手段と；
を備えたことを特徴とするＬＥＤ光源装置。And the LED load LED series times Michima other formed by connecting the LED antiparallel circuit in which a plurality of LED is connected in anti-parallel 2 parallel over a plurality of LED are connected in series,
A power supply for supplying power that enables the LED load to be lit ;
Circuit elements connected in series to each LED series circuit or LED anti-parallel circuit;
Comparing means for detecting a burden voltage of each of the circuit elements and detecting a minimum value among the burden voltages of each of the circuit elements;
Control means for controlling the power supply unit so that the minimum value among the burden voltages of the circuit elements detected by the comparison means is smaller than the forward voltage of the LED string of the LED series circuit or the LED anti-parallel circuit;
An LED light source device comprising: 前記制御手段は、前記回路要素の負担電圧が前記ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路のＬＥＤ列のフォワード電圧の１／１０以下に制御することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のＬＥＤ光源装置。2. The LED light source device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls a burden voltage of the circuit element to be 1/10 or less of a forward voltage of an LED array of the LED series circuit or the LED antiparallel circuit. 前記制御手段は、前記回路要素の負担電圧が最小値である前記ＬＥＤ直列回路またはＬＥＤ逆並列回路における回路要素の負担電圧を実質的に零に制御することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のＬＥＤ光源装置。The said control means controls the burden voltage of the circuit element in the said LED series circuit or LED reverse parallel circuit in which the burden voltage of the said circuit element is the minimum value to substantially zero. LED light source device.
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