JP4453481B2 - Occupant protection device and occupant protection method - Google Patents

Occupant protection device and occupant protection method Download PDF

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JP4453481B2
JP4453481B2 JP2004232433A JP2004232433A JP4453481B2 JP 4453481 B2 JP4453481 B2 JP 4453481B2 JP 2004232433 A JP2004232433 A JP 2004232433A JP 2004232433 A JP2004232433 A JP 2004232433A JP 4453481 B2 JP4453481 B2 JP 4453481B2
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airbag
occupant
primary
deployment portion
steering wheel
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JP2006044615A (en
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秀夫 戸畑
幸一 太田
大助 増田
剛介 若菜
徹雄 槙
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to DE602005010341T priority patent/DE602005010341D1/en
Priority to US11/199,223 priority patent/US7513524B2/en
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Description

本発明は、車両の前面衝突時にエアバッグを用いて乗員を保護する乗員保護装置および乗員保護方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an occupant protection device and an occupant protection method for protecting an occupant using an air bag at the time of a frontal collision of a vehicle.

従来の乗員保護装置としては、乗員の肩部や胸部を拘束するシートベルト装置のショルダベルトにエアバッグを内装して、車両衝突時にそのエアバッグを膨張・展開させることにより、乗員を保護するようにしたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平７−１８６８６１号公報（第４頁、第８図） As a conventional occupant protection device, an airbag is installed in a shoulder belt of a seat belt device that restrains the shoulder or chest of the occupant, and the airbag is inflated and deployed in the event of a vehicle collision to protect the occupant. What was made into is known (for example, refer patent document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-186861 (page 4, FIG. 8)

しかしながら、かかる従来の乗員保護装置は、車両衝突時にショルダベルトからエアバッグが膨出して展開し、このエアバッグに乗員が受け止められることにより、慣性により移動する乗員の運動エネルギーを吸収することができるが、エアバッグ自体の機能を考えると、一般に知られるエアバッグ、例えばステアリングホイールなどの車体側部材から展開するようにしたエアバッグ装置と同様となる。   However, such a conventional occupant protection device can absorb the kinetic energy of an occupant who moves due to inertia when the airbag is inflated and deployed from the shoulder belt when the vehicle collides, and the occupant is received by the airbag. However, considering the function of the airbag itself, it is the same as a generally known airbag, for example, an airbag device that is deployed from a vehicle body side member such as a steering wheel.

つまり、一般のエアバッグ装置は車体側部材から展開したエアバッグが乗員の頭部や胸部などの上部に干渉するようになっており、前面衝突時には前方移動する乗員の上部を拘束できるにしても、乗員の上部の運動エネルギーを吸収するだけであるため、吸収できる運動エネルギー量にも限界がある。   In other words, in the general airbag device, the airbag deployed from the vehicle body side member interferes with the upper part of the occupant's head, chest, etc. Even if the upper part of the occupant moving forward can be restrained at the time of a frontal collision Because it only absorbs the kinetic energy of the upper part of the occupant, there is a limit to the amount of kinetic energy that can be absorbed.

そこで、本発明は、車両衝突時に乗員がエアバッグに衝突した時に上昇する内圧を利用してエアバッグを更に二次展開させ、その二次展開したエアバッグで乗員の他の部分を拘束して乗員の運動エネルギー吸収効果を高めることができる乗員保護装置および乗員保護方法を提供するものである。   Therefore, the present invention further expands the airbag further using the internal pressure that rises when the occupant collides with the airbag at the time of a vehicle collision, and restrains other parts of the occupant with the secondary deployed airbag. An occupant protection device and an occupant protection method capable of enhancing the kinetic energy absorption effect of the occupant are provided.

本発明の乗員保護装置は、車両の衝突を検知して乗員とステアリングホイールとの間で展開し、乗員の干渉により乗員と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で押圧されて内圧が上昇するエアバッグ一次展開部分と、乗員の干渉で上昇するエアバッグ一次展開部分の内圧により、乗員の腰部と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で下方に向けて展開し、乗員の大腿部を拘束するエアバッグ二次展開部分と、を備えたことを最も主要な特徴とする。 Occupant protection system of the present invention is to expand between the occupant and the steering wheel by detecting a collision of the vehicle, the primary airbag deployment pressed by internal pressure is increased between the vehicle occupant and the steering wheel by the occupant of the interference And the airbag secondary deployment part that restrains the occupant's thigh by deploying downward between the lumbar part of the occupant and the steering wheel due to the internal pressure of the airbag and the primary deployment part that rises due to the interference of the occupant The main feature is that

また、本発明の乗員保護方法は、車両の衝突を検知して乗員とステアリングホイールとの間でエアバッグ一次展開部分を展開し、そのエアバッグ一次展開部分に乗員が干渉して乗員と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で押圧した際に上昇する内圧で、エアバッグ二次展開部分を乗員の腰部と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で下方に向けて展開し、このエアバッグ二次展開部分で乗員の大腿部を拘束することを特徴とする。 The occupant protection method of the present invention detects a vehicle collision and deploys a primary deployment portion of the airbag between the occupant and the steering wheel, and the occupant interferes with the primary deployment portion of the airbag to cause the occupant and the steering. in the internal pressure rising to the time when pressed with the wheel, to expand downward the airbag secondary expansion portion between the vehicle occupant's waist and the steering wheel, the occupant of the large in this airbag secondary expansion portion It is characterized by restraining the thigh .

本発明の乗員保護装置および乗員保護方法によれば、車両衝突時に、まず、エアバッグ一次展開部分が展開して乗員が干渉することによりその干渉部分を拘束するとともに、そのエアバッグ一次展開部分での乗員拘束による内圧の上昇でエアバッグ二次展開部分が展開して乗員の他の部分を拘束できることにより、乗員の拘束範囲を拡大して乗員の運動エネルギー吸収量を増大できて、乗員保護効果を高めることができる。   According to the occupant protection device and the occupant protection method of the present invention, at the time of a vehicle collision, first, the airbag primary deployment portion is deployed and the occupant interferes to restrain the interference portion, and at the airbag primary deployment portion, The air bag secondary deployment part can be deployed by restraining other passengers by increasing the internal pressure due to the restraint of the occupant, and the occupant's kinetic energy absorption can be increased by expanding the restraint area of the occupant, thereby protecting the occupant. Can be increased.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面と共に詳述する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１，図２は本発明の乗員保護装置の第１実施形態を示し、図１はシートベルト装置のショルダベルトに設けたエアバッグの展開状態を示す構成図、図２は乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。   1 and 2 show a first embodiment of an occupant protection device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a deployed state of an airbag provided on a shoulder belt of a seat belt device. FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed between.

この第１実施形態の乗員保護装置は、図１，図２に示すように、エアバッグ１０を、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとによって構成してある。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the occupant protection device according to the first embodiment includes an airbag 10 including an airbag primary deployment portion 10A and an airbag secondary deployment portion 10B.

そして、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは、車両の衝突を検知して乗員としての運転者Ｍと車体側部材としてのステアリングホイール１との間で展開し、運転者Ｍの頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃの干渉により運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間で押圧されて内圧が上昇するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂは、運転者Ｍの干渉で上昇するエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧で特定の方向、例えば本実施形態では下方に展開して、運転者Ｍの他の部分となる大腿部Ｍｔを拘束するようにしている。   The airbag primary deployment portion 10A detects a vehicle collision and deploys between the driver M as an occupant and the steering wheel 1 as a vehicle body side member, and the driver M's head Mh and chest Mc The internal pressure is increased by being pressed between the driver M and the steering wheel 1 due to the interference, and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is specified by the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A that rises due to the interference of the driver M. In the present embodiment, for example, it is developed downward to restrain the thigh Mt, which is the other part of the driver M.

また、本実施形態の乗員保護方法は、車両の衝突を検知して運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間でエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを展開し、そのエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに運転者Ｍが干渉して運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間で押圧した際に上昇する内圧でエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを下方に展開し、このエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂで運転者Ｍの大腿部Ｍｔを拘束するようにしている。   Further, in the passenger protection method of the present embodiment, the collision of the vehicle is detected, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A is deployed between the driver M and the steering wheel 1, and the driver M is applied to the airbag primary deployment portion 10A. The air bag secondary deploying portion 10B is deployed downward by the internal pressure that rises when the motor M interferes and is pressed between the driver M and the steering wheel 1, and the air bag secondary deploying portion 10B The thigh Mt is restrained.

即ち、本実施形態では前記エアバッグ１０を、図２に示すように３点式シートベルト装置（以下、シートベルト装置と称する）２０に設けており、図１に示すように、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを、運転者Ｍの肩部Ｍｓや胸部Ｍｃを拘束するシートベルト装置２０のショルダベルト２１にそれぞれ展開可能に収納してある。   That is, in the present embodiment, the airbag 10 is provided in a three-point seat belt device (hereinafter referred to as a seat belt device) 20 as shown in FIG. 2, and the airbag is primarily deployed as shown in FIG. The portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 of the seat belt device 20 that restrains the shoulder Ms and the chest Mc of the driver M, respectively.

前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよび上記エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂは、それぞれ非通気性かつ非伸縮性の可撓性膜によって袋状に形成され、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの略下側にエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを一体に形成し、これらエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを所定の開口面積に設定したベントホール１１を介して互いに連通してあり、これらエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを展開可能に折り畳んでショルダベルト２１の中間部分に収納してある。   Each of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is formed into a bag shape by a non-breathable and non-stretchable flexible film, and the air bag is substantially below the airbag primary deployment portion 10A. The bag secondary deployment portion 10B is integrally formed, and the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are communicated with each other via a vent hole 11 having a predetermined opening area. The bag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are folded so as to be deployable and housed in an intermediate portion of the shoulder belt 21.

また、前記ベントホール１１には、後述の高圧ガスがエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａからエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに流入するのを制御する制御手段、例えば定圧弁１２が設けられ、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａが運転者Ｍの頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃを拘束するのに必要な圧力以上に達した時点で前記定圧弁１２が開弁し、この定圧弁１２の開弁によりエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａからエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂへと高圧ガスが流入するようにしてある。   The vent hole 11 is provided with a control means, for example, a constant pressure valve 12, for controlling the flow of high-pressure gas, which will be described later, from the airbag primary deployment portion 10A to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. The constant pressure valve 12 is opened when the portion 10A reaches a pressure higher than that required for restraining the head Mh and the chest Mc of the driver M, and the opening of the constant pressure valve 12 opens the primary airbag deployment portion 10A. The high pressure gas flows into the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B from the air bag.

前記シートベルト装置２０は、図２に示すように、運転者Ｍの片側（窓側）の肩部Ｍｓから反対側の腰部Ｍｗへと斜めに配索される前記ショルダベルト２１と、運転者Ｍの大腿部Ｍｔ上側に配索されるラップベルト２２とを備えて、運転者Ｍを運転席Ｓに拘束する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the seat belt device 20 includes the shoulder belt 21 that is obliquely routed from the shoulder Ms on one side (window side) of the driver M to the waist Mw on the opposite side, and the driver M's A lap belt 22 routed on the upper side of the thigh Mt is provided to restrain the driver M to the driver's seat S.

ショルダベルト２１の上端部は、車体側（センターピラー）上端部に設けたショルダスルーリング２３に挿通して下方に折り返し、その下端部を車体下部に設けた図外のリトラクタに巻回してある。   The upper end portion of the shoulder belt 21 is inserted into a shoulder through ring 23 provided at the upper end portion of the vehicle body (center pillar) and folded downward, and the lower end portion thereof is wound around a retractor (not shown) provided at the lower portion of the vehicle body.

ショルダベルト２１とラップベルト２２とは連続して、それらの間にタング２４を挿通し、ラップベルト２２のタング２４とは反対側端部は運転席Ｓの下部若しくは車体に直接結合し、または前記リトラクタとは別のリトラクタを介して連結してあり、前記タング２４は車体に結合したインナーバックル２５に係脱自在に差し込んで装着される。   The shoulder belt 21 and the lap belt 22 are continuous, and a tongue 24 is inserted between them, and the end of the lap belt 22 opposite to the tongue 24 is directly coupled to the lower part of the driver's seat S or the vehicle body, or It is connected via a retractor different from the retractor, and the tongue 24 is detachably inserted and attached to an inner buckle 25 coupled to the vehicle body.

そして、ショルダベルト２１に収納した前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは、ショルダベルト２１の内部に配索したガス通路２６（図１参照）の一端と連通し、このガス通路２６の他端は前記タング２４の内部に連通する。   The airbag primary deployment portion 10A accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 communicates with one end of a gas passage 26 (see FIG. 1) routed inside the shoulder belt 21, and the other end of the gas passage 26 is connected to the tongue. 24 communicates with the inside.

また、タング２４の内部はこれをインナバックル２５に差込むことにより、このインナバックル２５の内部と連通され、このインナバックル２５に連通するインフレータ２７（図１参照）で発生した高圧ガスを前記ガス通路２６に供給し、ひいてはショルダベルト一次展開部分１０Ａに供給するようになっている。   Further, the inside of the tongue 24 is connected to the inside of the inner buckle 25 by inserting it into the inner buckle 25, and the high-pressure gas generated by the inflator 27 (see FIG. 1) communicating with the inner buckle 25 is supplied to the gas. It supplies to the channel | path 26 and by extension, it is supplied to 10 A of shoulder belt primary expansion | deployment parts.

前記インフレータ２７は、車両の衝突を検知する衝突検出手段３０からの衝突検出信号により作動され、このインフレータ２７の作動により前記高圧ガスが発生される。   The inflator 27 is actuated by a collision detection signal from a collision detection means 30 for detecting a collision of the vehicle, and the operation of the inflator 27 generates the high-pressure gas.

以上の構成により本実施形態の乗員保護装置および乗員保護方法によれば、車両の前面衝突時には衝突検出手段３０がこれを検知して、その衝突検出信号をインフレータ２７に出力してこれを作動し、このインフレータ２７で発生する高圧ガスをショルダベルト２１のガス通路２６を介してエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに供給する。   According to the occupant protection device and the occupant protection method of the present embodiment having the above configuration, the collision detection means 30 detects this at the time of a frontal collision of the vehicle, and outputs the collision detection signal to the inflator 27 to operate it. The high pressure gas generated in the inflator 27 is supplied to the airbag primary deployment portion 10 </ b> A through the gas passage 26 of the shoulder belt 21.

すると、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａが膨張を開始し、図２に示すようにこのエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａがショルダベルト２１から飛び出して、運転者Ｍの前方、つまり、この運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間で膨張して瞬時に展開する。   Then, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A starts to inflate, and as shown in FIG. 2, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A jumps out of the shoulder belt 21 to the front of the driver M, that is, the driver M and the steering wheel. It expands to 1 and expands instantly.

そして、展開したエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは、図２に示すように運転者Ｍの上半身が前方移動するのをステアリングホイール１との間で受け止め、運転者Ｍがステアリングホイール１に直接衝突するのを阻止する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the deployed airbag primary deployment portion 10 </ b> A receives the forward movement of the upper body of the driver M with respect to the steering wheel 1, and the driver M directly collides with the steering wheel 1. To prevent.

また、このようにエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは運転者Ｍが干渉した際に、この運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間に挟まれて、これら両者から反力を受けて内圧が上昇することにより定圧弁１２が開弁し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａ内の高圧ガスがエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに流入して、図２中破線に示すように、このエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂが下方に向かって展開する。   Further, when the driver M interferes, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A is sandwiched between the driver M and the steering wheel 1, and the internal pressure rises due to the reaction force from both. As a result, the constant pressure valve 12 is opened, and the high-pressure gas in the airbag primary deployment portion 10A flows into the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B Expands downward.

このように下方に展開したエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂは、図２に示すように運転者Ｍの大腿部Ｍｔの上側に圧接し、この大腿部Ｍｔを拘束する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the airbag secondary deployment portion 10 </ b> B deployed downward in this way is pressed against the upper side of the thigh Mt of the driver M and restrains the thigh Mt.

従って、本実施形態ではエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの展開によって運転者Ｍの頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃを保護するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂの展開によって運転者Ｍの他の部分、つまり本実施形態では大腿部Ｍｔを拘束できるため、運転者Ｍの拘束範囲を拡大して運動エネルギー吸収量を増大し、運転者Ｍの保護効果を高めることができる。   Therefore, in the present embodiment, the head Mh and the chest Mc of the driver M are protected by the deployment of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A, and the other portion of the driver M, that is, the book is protected by the deployment of the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. In the embodiment, since the thigh Mt can be restrained, the restraint range of the driver M can be expanded to increase the kinetic energy absorption amount, and the protection effect of the driver M can be enhanced.

また、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは内圧が所定圧に達すると定圧弁１２が開弁して、それ以上の圧力をエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに逃がすことができるため、運転者Ｍがエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに干渉した際の反動を低減して、頭部ＭｈやＭｃの拘束性を良好にできる。   Further, since the constant pressure valve 12 is opened when the internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure in the airbag primary deployment portion 10A, a higher pressure can be released to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. The reaction at the time of interfering with the primary deployment portion 10A can be reduced, and the restraint of the heads Mh and Mc can be improved.

ところで、本実施形態ではエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂで運転者Ｍの大腿部Ｍｔを拘束することにより、運転者Ｍの腰部Ｍｗがラップベルト２２をすり抜けて前方に移動するのを阻止でき、運転者Ｍの保護効果を更に高めることができる。   By the way, in the present embodiment, by restraining the thigh Mt of the driver M at the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B, the waist Mw of the driver M can be prevented from moving forward through the lap belt 22, The protective effect of the driver M can be further enhanced.

また、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに運転者Ｍが干渉した際に、ステアリングホイール１でそのエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを反対側から支持できるので、運転者Ｍの頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃの拘束性能を高め、保護性能を向上することができる。   Further, when the driver M interferes with the airbag primary deployment portion 10A, the steering wheel 1 can support the airbag primary deployment portion 10A from the opposite side, so that the restraining performance of the driver M's head Mh and chest Mc The protection performance can be improved.

更に、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを、シートベルト装置２０のショルダベルト２１にそれぞれ展開可能に収納したので、これらエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂをコンパクトに収納できるとともに、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを展開するのに最も効率の良い位置へ配置し易くなる。   Further, since the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 of the seat belt device 20 so as to be deployable, these airbag primary deployment portion 10A and airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. Can be stored in a compact manner, and it is easy to place the airbag in the position where it is most efficient for deploying the airbag primary deployment portion 10A.

図３は本発明の第２実施形態を示し、前記第１実施形態と同一構成部分に同一符号を付して重複する説明を省略して述べるものとし、図３は乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。   FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed in the middle.

この第２実施形態の乗員保護装置は、図３に示すように第１実施形態と同様にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａと、このエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧で下方に展開するエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂと、を備えて構成されるが、特に、本実施形態では助手席用として、展開した前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを支持する車体側部材が、助手席前方のダッシュボード２となっている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the occupant protection device according to the second embodiment includes an airbag primary deployment portion 10A as in the first embodiment, and an airbag secondary deployed downward by the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A. In particular, in this embodiment, for the passenger seat, the vehicle body side member that supports the deployed primary airbag deployment portion 10A is the dashboard 2 in front of the passenger seat. ing.

それ以外は基本的に第１実施形態と同様の構成となっていて、本実施形態では第１実施形態と同様にシートベルト装置２０を備え、そのショルダベルト２１に前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを展開可能に収納してあり、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとの間を定圧弁１２を介して連通してある。   The rest of the configuration is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the seat belt device 20 is provided as in the first embodiment, and the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the shoulder belt 21 are provided on the shoulder belt 21. The airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is accommodated so as to be deployable, and the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B communicate with each other via a constant pressure valve 12.

更に、車両の衝突を検知した時に作動するインフレータ２７から発生した高圧ガスが、インナバックル２５，タング２４を介して前記ショルダベルト２１に設けたガス通路に供給され、このガス通路から前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに高圧ガスが供給される。   Further, high-pressure gas generated from an inflator 27 that is activated when a vehicle collision is detected is supplied to a gas passage provided in the shoulder belt 21 via an inner buckle 25 and a tongue 24, and the airbag primary is supplied from this gas passage. High-pressure gas is supplied to the development portion 10A.

尚、本実施形態では前記シートベルト装置２０は、便宜上、紙面表裏方向に逆配置してタング２４、インナバックル２５およびインフレータ２７が図中手前側に現れた状態で示したが、実際はこれらは助手席Ｓ′の向こう側に配置されることになる。   In the present embodiment, the seat belt device 20 is shown in a state in which the tongue 24, the inner buckle 25, and the inflator 27 appear on the front side in the figure with the reverse arrangement in the direction of the paper surface for convenience. It will be arranged on the other side of the seat S ′.

そして、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは、車両の衝突を検知して乗員としての助手席乗員Ｍ′と車体側部材としてのダッシュボード２との間で展開し、助手席乗員Ｍ′の頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃの干渉により助手席乗員Ｍ′とダッシュボード２との間で押圧されて内圧が上昇するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂは、助手席乗員Ｍ′の干渉で上昇するエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧で特定の方向、本実施形態では下方に展開して、助手席乗員Ｍ′の他の部分となる大腿部Ｍｔを拘束するようになっている。   The airbag primary deployment portion 10A detects a vehicle collision and deploys between the passenger seat occupant M ′ as the occupant and the dashboard 2 as the vehicle body side member, and the head Mh of the passenger occupant M ′. The inner pressure is increased by being pressed between the passenger occupant M ′ and the dashboard 2 due to the interference between the passenger seat and the chest Mc, and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is the airbag primary that rises due to the interference of the passenger occupant M ′. The thigh Mt, which is the other part of the passenger seat occupant M ', is restrained by expanding in a specific direction, in this embodiment, with the internal pressure of the deploying portion 10A.

従って、本実施形態よれば、車体側部材がダッシュボード２となっており、前方にステアリングホイールが存在しない助手席Ｓ′に着座した乗員Ｍ′に対する衝突保護装置を構成することができる。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the vehicle body side member is the dashboard 2, and the collision protection device for the occupant M 'seated in the passenger seat S' without the steering wheel ahead can be configured.

即ち、衝突により展開したエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａをダッシュボード２によって支持して、このエアバッグ一次展開部分１０が助手席乗員Ｍ′とダッシュボード２との間に挟まれるため、助手席乗員Ｍ′衝突時の保護を図ることができる。   That is, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A deployed by the collision is supported by the dashboard 2, and the airbag primary deployment portion 10 is sandwiched between the passenger seat occupant M 'and the dashboard 2, so that the passenger seat occupant M 'Protection in the event of a collision.

そして、本実施形態では第１実施形態と同様に、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの展開によって助手席乗員Ｍ′の頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃを保護するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂの展開によって助手席乗員Ｍ′の他の部分となる大腿部Ｍｔを拘束できるため、助手席乗員Ｍ′の拘束範囲を拡大して運動エネルギー吸収量を増大し、助手席乗員Ｍ′の保護効果を高めることができる。   In the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the head Mh and the chest Mc of the passenger occupant M ′ are protected by the deployment of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A, and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is deployed. Since the thigh Mt, which is the other part of the passenger seat occupant M ', can be restrained, the restraint range of the passenger seat occupant M' is expanded to increase the amount of kinetic energy absorption, and the protective effect of the passenger seat occupant M 'is enhanced. be able to.

また、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは内圧が所定圧に達すると定圧弁１２が開弁して、それ以上の圧力をエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに逃がすことができるため、助手席乗員Ｍ′がエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに干渉した際の反動を低減して、頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃの拘束性を良好にできる。   Further, when the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A reaches a predetermined pressure, the constant pressure valve 12 opens, and more pressure can be released to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. The recoil at the time of interference with the airbag primary deployment portion 10A can be reduced, and the restraint of the head Mh and the chest Mc can be improved.

更に、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂで助手席乗員Ｍ′の大腿部Ｍｔを拘束することにより、助手席乗員Ｍ′の腰部Ｍｗがラップベルト２２をすり抜けて前方に移動するのを阻止でき、助手席乗員Ｍ′の保護効果を更に高めることができる。   Further, by restraining the thigh Mt of the passenger occupant M ′ at the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B, the waist Mw of the passenger occupant M ′ can be prevented from slipping through the lap belt 22 and moving forward. The protective effect of the passenger occupant M ′ can be further enhanced.

更にまた、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに助手席乗員Ｍ′が干渉した際に、ダッシュボード２でそのエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを反対側から支持できるので、助手席乗員Ｍ′の頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃの拘束性能を高め、保護性能を向上することができる。   Furthermore, when the passenger's seat occupant M 'interferes with the primary airbag deployment portion 10A, the primary deployment portion 10A of the airbag can be supported from the opposite side by the dashboard 2, so that the head Mh of the passenger occupant M' The restraint performance of the chest Mc can be improved and the protection performance can be improved.

また、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを、シートベルト装置２０のショルダベルト２１にそれぞれ展開可能に収納したので、これらエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂをコンパクトに収納できるとともに、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを展開するのに最も効率の良い位置へ配置し易くなる。   Further, since the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 of the seat belt device 20 so as to be deployable, these airbag primary deployment portion 10A and airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. Can be stored in a compact manner, and it is easy to place the airbag in the position where it is most efficient for deploying the airbag primary deployment portion 10A.

図４は本発明の第３実施形態を示し、前記第１，第２実施形態と同一構成部分に同一符号を付して重複する説明を省略して述べるものとし、図４は乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。   FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed between the members.

この第３実施形態の乗員保護装置は、図４に示すように基本的に第２実施形態と同様の構成、つまり助手席Ｓ′に着座した乗員Ｍ′を対象として衝突時の乗員保護を図るようにしている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the occupant protection device according to the third embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment, that is, occupant protection at the time of collision for the occupant M ′ seated on the passenger seat S ′. I am doing so.

そして、第１実施形態と同様にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａと、このエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧で下方に展開するエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂと、を備えて構成されるが、特に、本実施形態では展開した前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを支持する車体側部材を、車両の衝突を検知してダッシュボード２から突出する突出部材としての車体側エアバッグ３としてある。   And, as in the first embodiment, it is configured to include an airbag primary deployment portion 10A and an airbag secondary deployment portion 10B that deploys downward with the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A. In the present embodiment, the vehicle body side member that supports the deployed airbag primary deployment portion 10 </ b> A is the vehicle body side airbag 3 as a projecting member that detects a vehicle collision and projects from the dashboard 2.

前記車体側エアバッグ３は、通常はダッシュボード２に展開可能に折り畳まれて収納されており、第１実施形態に示した衝突検出手段３０の衝突検出信号で作動するインフレータ４で発生した高圧ガスが流入して膨張し、助手席乗員Ｍ′の頭部Ｍｈ、つまり前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの方向に展開するようになっている。   The vehicle body side airbag 3 is normally folded and accommodated in the dashboard 2 so that it can be deployed, and the high pressure gas generated by the inflator 4 operated by the collision detection signal of the collision detection means 30 shown in the first embodiment. Flows in and expands to expand toward the head Mh of the passenger occupant M ′, that is, toward the airbag primary deployment portion 10A.

勿論、本実施形態にあっても第１実施形態と同様にシートベルト装置２０を備え、そのショルダベルト２１に前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを展開可能に収納してあり、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとの間を定圧弁１２を介して連通してある。   Of course, even in the present embodiment, the seat belt device 20 is provided as in the first embodiment, and the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 so as to be deployable. Yes, the airbag primary deployment portion 10 </ b> A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10 </ b> B communicate with each other via the constant pressure valve 12.

また、車両の衝突を検知した時に作動するインフレータ２７から発生した高圧ガスが、インナバックル２５，タング２４を介して前記ショルダベルト２１に設けたガス通路に供給され、このガス通路から前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに高圧ガスが供給される。   Further, high-pressure gas generated from the inflator 27 that is activated when a vehicle collision is detected is supplied to a gas passage provided in the shoulder belt 21 via an inner buckle 25 and a tongue 24, and the airbag primary is supplied from this gas passage. High-pressure gas is supplied to the development portion 10A.

尚、本実施形態にあっても第２実施形態と同様に、前記シートベルト装置２０を、便宜上、紙面表裏方向に逆配置してタング２４、インナバックル２５およびインフレータ２７が図中手前側に現れた状態で示してあるが、実際はこれらは助手席Ｓ′の向こう側に配置されることになる。   In the present embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the seat belt device 20 is reversely arranged in the front and back direction of the paper surface for the sake of convenience, and the tongue 24, the inner buckle 25, and the inflator 27 appear on the front side in the figure. In actuality, these are arranged on the other side of the passenger seat S ′.

更に、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂはエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの下方に展開して、助手席乗員Ｍ′の大腿部Ｍｔを拘束するようになっている。   Further, the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is deployed below the airbag primary deployment portion 10A to restrain the thigh Mt of the passenger occupant M '.

従って、本実施形態よれば、前面衝突時には第１実施形態と同様にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａがショルダベルト２１から前方に向かって展開するが、これと同時にダッシュボード２から後方に向かって車体側エアバッグ３が展開し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは助手席乗員Ｍ′と車体側エアバッグ３との間に挟まれた状態でそれぞれから反力を受け、内圧が所定圧以上に達した時点で定圧弁１２を介してエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを展開する。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, in the case of a frontal collision, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A is deployed forward from the shoulder belt 21 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. When the airbag 3 is deployed and the airbag primary deployment portion 10A receives a reaction force from each while being sandwiched between the passenger occupant M 'and the vehicle body side airbag 3, and the internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure or more. Then, the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is deployed through the constant pressure valve 12.

このため、衝突時にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａによって助手席乗員Ｍ′が直接ダッシュボード２に衝突するのを阻止できるのは勿論のこと、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂによって助手席乗員Ｍ′の大腿部Ｍｔを拘束することができる。   Therefore, it is possible to prevent the passenger seat occupant M ′ from directly colliding with the dashboard 2 by the airbag primary deployment portion 10A at the time of the collision, and the passenger airbag occupant M ′ can be prevented from colliding with the large size of the passenger seat occupant M ′. The thigh Mt can be restrained.

そして、本実施形態では第２実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの展開によって助手席乗員Ｍ′の頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃを保護するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂの展開によって助手席乗員Ｍ′の大腿部Ｍｔを拘束できるため、助手席乗員Ｍ′の拘束範囲を拡大して運動エネルギー吸収量を増大し、助手席乗員Ｍ′の保護効果を高めることができる。   In this embodiment, the same effects as those of the second embodiment are achieved. The airbag primary deployment portion 10A is used to protect the head Mh and chest Mc of the passenger occupant M 'and the airbag secondary deployment portion. Since the thigh Mt of the passenger occupant M 'can be restrained by the deployment of 10B, the restraint occupant M' can be restrained to expand the restraint range to increase the amount of kinetic energy absorption and to enhance the protective effect of the passenger occupant M ' Can do.

また、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａは内圧が所定圧に達すると定圧弁１２が開弁して、それ以上の圧力をエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに逃がすことができるため、助手席乗員Ｍ′がエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに干渉した際の反動を低減して、頭部ＭｈやＭｃの拘束性を良好にできる。   Further, when the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A reaches a predetermined pressure, the constant pressure valve 12 opens, and more pressure can be released to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B. The reaction at the time of interference with the airbag primary deployment portion 10A can be reduced, and the restraint of the heads Mh and Mc can be improved.

更に、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂで助手席乗員Ｍ′の大腿部Ｍｔを拘束することにより、助手席乗員Ｍ′の腰部Ｍｗがラップベルト２２をすり抜けて前方に移動するのを阻止でき、助手席乗員Ｍ′の保護効果を更に高めることができる。   Further, by restraining the thigh Mt of the passenger occupant M ′ at the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B, the waist Mw of the passenger occupant M ′ can be prevented from slipping through the lap belt 22 and moving forward. The protective effect of the passenger occupant M ′ can be further enhanced.

更にまた、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに助手席乗員Ｍ′が干渉した際に、車体側エアバッグ３でそのエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを反対側から支持できるので、助手席乗員Ｍ′の頭部Ｍｈや胸部Ｍｃの拘束性能を高め、保護性能を向上することができる。   Furthermore, when the passenger seat occupant M ′ interferes with the airbag primary deployment portion 10A, the airbag-side airbag 3 can support the airbag primary deployment portion 10A from the opposite side, so that the head of the passenger seat occupant M ′ The restraint performance of Mh and chest Mc can be improved and the protection performance can be improved.

特に、本実施形態では前記車体側エアバッグ３が衝突時にダッシュボード２から突出するので、この車体側エアバッグ３は展開するエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａをいち早く受け止めることができ、ひいては、助手席乗員Ｍ′の拘束をより迅速に行うことができる。   In particular, in the present embodiment, since the vehicle body side airbag 3 protrudes from the dashboard 2 at the time of a collision, the vehicle body side airbag 3 can quickly catch the deployed primary airbag portion 10A. M 'can be restrained more quickly.

また、本実施形態にあってもエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを、シートベルト装置２０のショルダベルト２１にそれぞれ展開可能に収納したので、これらエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂをコンパクトに収納できるとともに、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを展開するに最も効率の良い位置へ配置し易くなる。   Further, even in the present embodiment, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 of the seat belt device 20 so as to be deployable, so that the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and The airbag secondary deployment portion 10B can be stored in a compact manner, and can be easily arranged at a position that is most efficient for deploying the airbag primary deployment portion 10A.

ところで、本実施形態では車体側エアバッグ３をダッシュボード２に設けて、助手席乗員Ｍ′の乗員保護装置を構成したが、これに限ることなく車体側エアバッグ３をステアリングホイール１に設けて、運転者Ｍの乗員保護装置を構成することもできる。   By the way, in the present embodiment, the vehicle body side airbag 3 is provided on the dashboard 2 to constitute the passenger protection device for the passenger occupant M ', but the vehicle body side airbag 3 is provided on the steering wheel 1 without being limited thereto. The occupant protection device for the driver M can also be configured.

図５は本発明の第４実施形態を示し、前記第１実施形態と同一構成部分に同一符号を付して重複する説明を省略して述べるものとし、図５は乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。   FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed in the middle.

この第４実施形態のエアバッグを用いた乗員保護装置は、図５に示すように基本的に第１実施形態と同様の構成となっており、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａと、このエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧で下方に展開するエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂと、を備えて構成されるが、特に、本実施形態ではエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを別体に形成し、これら両展開部分１０Ａ，１０Ｂ間にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａからエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに圧力を供給する連通部としてのチューブ１３を設けてある。   The occupant protection device using the airbag of the fourth embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 5, and includes the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag primary. An airbag secondary deployment portion 10B that deploys downward with the internal pressure of the deployment portion 10A is configured. In particular, in the present embodiment, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are separated from each other. A tube 13 is provided as a communicating portion that is formed in the body and supplies pressure from the airbag primary deployment portion 10A to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B between the deployment portions 10A and 10B.

即ち、前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａをシートベルト装置２０のショルダベルト２１の上部に展開可能に収納するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂをそのショルダベルト２１の下部に展開可能に収納してあり、それらエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを連通する前記チューブ１３を、ショルダベルト２１内若しくはショルダベルト２１に沿って配索してある。   That is, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A is accommodated in the upper portion of the shoulder belt 21 of the seat belt device 20 so as to be deployable, and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is accommodated in the lower portion of the shoulder belt 21 so as to be deployable. The tube 13 communicating the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is routed in the shoulder belt 21 or along the shoulder belt 21.

勿論、前記チューブ１３またはエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとチューブ１３との間、若しくはチューブ１３とエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとの間に、前記各実施形態に示しと同様に図外の定圧弁を設けて、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧が所定圧以上に達した時点で、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａからエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに高圧ガスが供給される。   Of course, a constant pressure valve (not shown) is provided between the tube 13 or the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the tube 13 or between the tube 13 and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B, as in the above embodiments. The high pressure gas is supplied from the airbag primary deployment portion 10A to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B when the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A reaches a predetermined pressure or more.

そして、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂは高圧ガスの供給により展開されると、第１実施形態と同様に運転者Ｍの大腿部Ｍｔを拘束するようになっている。   When the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is deployed by supplying high-pressure gas, the thigh Mt of the driver M is restrained as in the first embodiment.

また、衝突時にインフレータ２７で発生した高圧ガスは、前記各実施形態と同様にインナバックル２５，タング２４およびショルダベルト２１に設けたガス通路を介してショルダベルト一次展開部分１０Ａに供給される。   Further, the high-pressure gas generated in the inflator 27 at the time of collision is supplied to the shoulder belt primary development portion 10 </ b> A via the gas path provided in the inner buckle 25, the tongue 24 and the shoulder belt 21 as in the above embodiments.

従って、本実施形態よれば、前面衝突時には第１実施形態と同様に、インフレータ２７で発生する高圧ガスをショルダベルト２１のガス通路を介してエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに供給し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間で瞬時に展開し、第１実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏する。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, at the time of a frontal collision, as in the first embodiment, the high-pressure gas generated in the inflator 27 is supplied to the airbag primary deployment portion 10A via the gas path of the shoulder belt 21 and the airbag primary deployment. The portion 10A is instantaneously deployed between the driver M and the steering wheel 1, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment are achieved.

特に、本実施形態ではエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを別体に形成して、これら両展開部分１０Ａ，１０Ｂ間にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａからエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに圧力を供給するチューブ１３を設けたので、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを分離して収納できるようになり、それぞれの収納を容易にすることができる。   In particular, in the present embodiment, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are formed separately, and the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment are formed between the deployment portions 10A and 10B. Since the tube 13 for supplying pressure to the portion 10B is provided, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B can be stored separately, and each storage can be facilitated.

ところで、本実施形態ではそれぞれ別体となったエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとをショルダベルト２１の上部と下部に配置した場合を示したが、それらの配置部位は効率の良い任意な部位に設けることができ、例えば、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａをショルダベルト２１に配置するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂをラップベルト２２に配置することもできる。   By the way, in this embodiment, the case where the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B, which are separate bodies, are disposed on the upper and lower portions of the shoulder belt 21, respectively, is shown. For example, the airbag primary deployment portion 10 </ b> A can be disposed on the shoulder belt 21 and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10 </ b> B can be disposed on the lap belt 22.

また、本実施形態では第１実施形態と同様に車体側部材がステアリングホイール１であって、運転者Ｍの乗員保護装置として構成した場合を示すが、第２，第３実施形態のように車体側部材がダッシュボード２や車体側エアバッグ３の場合であっても本実施形態を適用することができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the vehicle body side member is the steering wheel 1 and is configured as an occupant protection device for the driver M, but the vehicle body as in the second and third embodiments. Even if the side member is the dashboard 2 or the vehicle body side airbag 3, the present embodiment can be applied.

図６，図７は本発明の第５実施形態を示し、前記第１実施形態と同一構成部分に同一符号を付して重複する説明を省略して述べるものとし、図６はシートベルト装置のショルダベルトに設けたエアバッグの展開状態を示す構成図、図７は乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。   6 and 7 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view showing a state in which the airbag is deployed between the occupant and the vehicle body side member.

この第５実施形態の乗員保護装置は、図６，図７に示すように基本的に第１実施形態と同様の構成となっており、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａと、このエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧で下方に展開するエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂと、を備えて構成されるが、特に、本実施形態ではエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを通気性の隔膜１４を介して隣接配置し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの圧力を隔膜１４を通してエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに伝達して、この二次展開部分１０Ｂを展開するようにしてある。   The occupant protection device according to the fifth embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and includes an airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag primary deployment portion. The airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is deployed downward with an internal pressure of 10A. In particular, in the present embodiment, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are made to be air permeable. It arranges adjacent via the diaphragm 14, and transmits the pressure of 10A of airbag primary deployment parts to the airbag secondary deployment part 10B through the diaphragm 14, and this secondary deployment part 10B is expanded.

エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを隔成する隔膜１４は、衝突によって展開したエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの内圧が、運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１に挟まれてそれぞれの反力によりの所定圧以上に達したときに隔膜１４を通して高圧ガスをエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａからエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに供給できるもので、前記各実施形態に設けた定圧弁１２と同様の機能を備えている。   The diaphragm 14 that separates the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is configured so that the internal pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A developed by the collision is sandwiched between the driver M and the steering wheel 1 and High pressure gas can be supplied from the airbag primary deployment portion 10A to the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B through the diaphragm 14 when the reaction pressure reaches a predetermined pressure or higher, and is the same as the constant pressure valve 12 provided in each of the above embodiments. It has the function of.

また、エアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂの展開方向は、第１実施形態と同様にエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの下方としてあり、運転者Ｍの大腿部Ｍｔを拘束するようにしてある。   The deployment direction of the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is the lower side of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A as in the first embodiment, and restrains the thigh Mt of the driver M.

更に、前記エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂは、シートベルト装置２０のショルダベルト２１に展開可能に収納してあり、衝突を検知した時に作動するインフレータ２７から発生した高圧ガスが、インナバックル２５，タング２４およびガス通路を介してエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに供給される。   Further, the airbag primary deploying portion 10A and the airbag secondary deploying portion 10B are accommodated in the shoulder belt 21 of the seat belt device 20 so as to be deployable, and the high pressure gas generated from the inflator 27 that operates when a collision is detected. Is supplied to the airbag primary deployment portion 10A through the inner buckle 25, the tongue 24 and the gas passage.

従って、本実施形態よれば、前面衝突時には第１実施形態と同様に、インフレータ２７で発生する高圧ガスをショルダベルト２１のガス通路を介してエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａに供給し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａを運転者Ｍとステアリングホイール１との間で瞬時に展開し、第１実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏する。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, at the time of a frontal collision, as in the first embodiment, the high-pressure gas generated in the inflator 27 is supplied to the airbag primary deployment portion 10A via the gas path of the shoulder belt 21 and the airbag primary deployment. The portion 10A is instantaneously deployed between the driver M and the steering wheel 1, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment are achieved.

特に、本実施形態ではエアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａとエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂとを通気性の隔膜１４を介して隣接配置し、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａの圧力を隔膜１４を通してエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂに伝達して、この二次展開部分１０Ｂを展開するようにしたので、エアバッグ１０の構造を簡素化することができる。   In particular, in the present embodiment, the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B are disposed adjacent to each other via a breathable diaphragm 14, and the pressure of the airbag primary deployment portion 10A is passed through the diaphragm 14 to the secondary airbag. Since the secondary deployment portion 10B is transmitted to the deployment portion 10B and deployed, the structure of the airbag 10 can be simplified.

また、本実施形態では第１実施形態と同様に車体側部材がステアリングホイール１であって、運転者Ｍの乗員保護装置として構成した場合を示すが、第２，第３実施形態のように車体側部材がダッシュボード２や車体側エアバッグ３の場合であっても本実施形態を適用することができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the vehicle body side member is the steering wheel 1 and is configured as an occupant protection device for the driver M, but the vehicle body as in the second and third embodiments. Even if the side member is the dashboard 2 or the vehicle body side airbag 3, the present embodiment can be applied.

ところで、本発明の乗員保護装置は前記第１〜第５実施形態に例をとって説明したが、これら実施形態に限ることなく本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で他の実施形態を各種採用することができ、例えば、エアバッグ一次展開部分１０Ａおよびエアバッグ二次展開部分１０Ｂを備えたエアバッグ１０は、ショルダベルト２１およびラップベルト２２を備えた３点式シートベルト装置２０に適用したが、シートベルト装置はこれに限ることなく、例えば４点式シートベルト装置にあっても本発明を適用することができる。   The occupant protection device of the present invention has been described by taking the first to fifth embodiments as examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various other embodiments are employed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the airbag 10 including the airbag primary deployment portion 10A and the airbag secondary deployment portion 10B is applied to the three-point seat belt device 20 including the shoulder belt 21 and the lap belt 22. The seat belt device is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to, for example, a four-point seat belt device.

また、前記エアバッグ１０はシートベルト装置に設けること無く、他の部材、例えば天井部分やドア部分に設けることもできる。   Further, the airbag 10 can be provided on another member, for example, a ceiling part or a door part, without being provided in the seat belt device.

本発明の第１実施形態におけるシートベルト装置のショルダベルトに設けたエアバッグの展開状態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the expansion | deployment state of the airbag provided in the shoulder belt of the seatbelt apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態における乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which the airbag is deployed between the occupant and the vehicle body side member according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第２実施形態における乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed between the passenger | crew and the vehicle body side member in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３実施形態における乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed between the passenger | crew and the vehicle body side member in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４実施形態における乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed between the passenger | crew and the vehicle body side member in 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第５実施形態におけるシートベルト装置のショルダベルトに設けたエアバッグの展開状態を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the expansion | deployment state of the airbag provided in the shoulder belt of the seatbelt apparatus in 5th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第５実施形態における乗員と車体側部材との間にエアバッグが展開した状態を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which the airbag expand | deployed between the passenger | crew and the vehicle body side member in 5th Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ステアリングホイール（車体側部材）
２ ダッシュボード（車体側部材）
３ 車体側エアバッグ（車体側部材）
１０ エアバッグ
１０Ａ エアバッグ一次展開部分
１０Ｂ エアバッグ二次展開部分
１１ ベントホール
１２ 定圧弁
１３ チューブ（連通部）
１４ 隔膜
２０ シートベルト装置
２１ ショルダベルト
２２ ラップベルト
２７ インフレータ
３０ 衝突検出手段
Ｍ 運転者（乗員）
Ｍ′ 助手席乗員 1 Steering wheel (vehicle body side member)
2 Dashboard (vehicle body side member)
3 Car body side airbag (vehicle body side member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Air bag 10A Air bag primary deployment part 10B Air bag secondary deployment part 11 Vent hole 12 Constant pressure valve 13 Tube (communication part)
14 Diaphragm 20 Seat belt device 21 Shoulder belt 22 Lap belt 27 Inflator 30 Collision detecting means M Driver (occupant)
M 'passenger seat passenger

Claims (8)

車両の衝突を検知して乗員とステアリングホイールとの間で展開し、乗員の干渉により乗員と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で押圧されて内圧が上昇するエアバッグ一次展開部分と、
乗員の干渉で上昇するエアバッグ一次展開部分の内圧により、乗員の腰部と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で下方に向けて展開し、乗員の大腿部を拘束するエアバッグ二次展開部分と、を備えたことを特徴とする乗員保護装置。 Expand between the occupant and the steering wheel by detecting a collision of the vehicle, and pressed by the airbag primary expansion portion internal pressure is increased between the vehicle occupant and the steering wheel by the occupant of the interference,
An airbag secondary deployment part that deploys downward between the waist of the occupant and the steering wheel and restrains the thigh of the occupant by the internal pressure of the primary deployment part of the airbag that rises due to occupant interference. An occupant protection device characterized by comprising. 前記ステアリングホイールには、車両の衝突を検知して車体から突出する突出部材が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の乗員保護装置。 The occupant protection device according to claim 1, wherein the steering wheel is provided with a protruding member that detects a vehicle collision and protrudes from a vehicle body . 前記突出部材は、車体側エアバッグであることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の乗員保護装置。 The occupant protection device according to claim 2 , wherein the protruding member is a vehicle body side airbag. エアバッグ一次展開部分とエアバッグ二次展開部分とを別体に形成し、これら両展開部分間に、エアバッグ一次展開部分からエアバッグ二次展開部分に圧力を供給する連通部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１つに記載の乗員保護装置。 The airbag primary deployment part and the airbag secondary deployment part are formed separately, and a communication part that supplies pressure from the airbag primary deployment part to the airbag secondary deployment part is provided between these two deployment parts. The occupant protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . エアバッグ一次展開部分とエアバッグ二次展開部分とを隔膜を介して隣接配置し、エアバッグ一次展開部分の圧力を隔膜を通してエアバッグ二次展開部分に伝達して、この二次展開部分を展開することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１つに記載の乗員保護装置。 The primary deployment part of the airbag and the secondary deployment part of the airbag are arranged adjacent to each other through a diaphragm, and the pressure of the primary deployment part of the airbag is transmitted to the secondary deployment part of the airbag through the diaphragm to deploy the secondary deployment part. The occupant protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . エアバッグ一次展開部分およびエアバッグ二次展開部分を、シートベルト装置の肩部や胸部を拘束するショルダベルトにそれぞれ展開可能に収納したことを特徴とする請求項４または５に記載の乗員保護装置。 The occupant protection device according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the airbag primary deployment portion and the airbag secondary deployment portion are accommodated in a shoulder belt that restrains a shoulder portion and a chest portion of the seat belt device, respectively. . エアバッグ一次展開部分を、シートベルト装置の肩部や胸部を拘束するショルダベルトに展開可能に収納するとともに、エアバッグ二次展開部分を、シートベルト装置の腰部を拘束するラップベルトに展開可能に収納したことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の乗員保護装置。 The airbag's primary deployment part can be deployed in a shoulder belt that restrains the shoulder and chest of the seat belt device, and the secondary deployment part of the airbag can be deployed in a lap belt that restrains the waist of the seat belt device. The occupant protection device according to claim 4 , wherein the occupant protection device is stored. 車両の衝突を検知して乗員とステアリングホイールとの間でエアバッグ一次展開部分を展開し、そのエアバッグ一次展開部分に乗員が干渉して乗員と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で押圧した際に上昇する内圧で、エアバッグ二次展開部分を乗員の腰部と前記ステアリングホイールとの間で下方に向けて展開し、このエアバッグ二次展開部分で乗員の大腿部を拘束することを特徴とする乗員保護方法。 To deploy the airbag primary expansion portion between the occupant and the steering wheel by detecting a collision of the vehicle, increase in the time when pressed between the vehicle occupant and the steering wheel interferes occupant to the airbag primary expansion portion The air bag secondary deployment portion is deployed downward between the occupant's waist and the steering wheel with the internal pressure to restrain the occupant's thigh at the air bag secondary deployment portion. Crew protection method.
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DE602005010341T DE602005010341D1 (en) 2004-08-09 2005-08-05 Vehicle occupant restraint system and method
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