JP4443793B2 - DC voltage detector - Google Patents

DC voltage detector Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4443793B2
JP4443793B2 JP2001180124A JP2001180124A JP4443793B2 JP 4443793 B2 JP4443793 B2 JP 4443793B2 JP 2001180124 A JP2001180124 A JP 2001180124A JP 2001180124 A JP2001180124 A JP 2001180124A JP 4443793 B2 JP4443793 B2 JP 4443793B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
voltage
detection
ground
wire
fitting
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JP2001180124A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002372553A (en
Inventor
誠治 小川
悦朗 中里
隆雄 大森
周二 曽田
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East Japan Railway Co
Hasegawa Electric Co Ltd
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East Japan Railway Co
Hasegawa Electric Co Ltd
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  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は直流用検電器に関し、例えば電鉄沿線の架線電圧の有無を管理するために使用される携帯式の直流用検電器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電鉄沿線の架線には、例えば1500V程度の直流電圧が変電所から送電されているが、保守管理上、任意的或いは定期的に架線電圧の有無を任意の地点で検出する必要がある。この架線電圧の有無を検出する検電作業は、通常、架線が高所にあるところから手動で長さ調整できるようにした以下のような直流用検電器が使用されている。
【0003】
この直流用検電器は、複数本の絶縁筒を軸方向に伸縮可能に連結した延竿式のもの、または、複数本の絶縁筒を軸方向に継ぎ足すことで任意の長さにするようにした継竿式のものが知られている。これら延竿式または継竿式の検電器は、絶縁筒の先端部にフック状の検電金具を有し、その検電金具に検出抵抗を介して接地線が接続され、前記検出抵抗の端子電圧を測定することにより架線電圧の有無を検出する検出部を具備している。
【0004】
架線電圧の検電時には、作業員は、延竿式または継竿式の検電器を所望の長さにした状態で、検電器から導出された接地線をアース接続した上で、最後端の絶縁筒を手で持って最先端の絶縁筒を高所の架線の高さまで上げ、その絶縁筒の先端部にある検電金具を架線に引掛け係止させる。
【0005】
これにより、架線に引掛けられた検電金具を検出抵抗を介してアースし、その検出抵抗の端子電圧を検出部で測定することで、架線電圧の有無を検出することができ、架線が充電状態にあれば、検出部に付設した表示ランプまたはブザー等により作業員に報知するようにしている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、前述した検電器による架線電圧の検電時には、絶縁筒の先端部にあるフック状の検電金具を架線に確実に引掛け係止すると共に、検電器から導出された接地線を確実にアース接続する必要がある。このように架線に引掛けられた検電金具を検出抵抗を介して確実にアースすることで、その検出抵抗の端子電圧を検出部で測定することができる。
【0007】
一方では、検電器の取り扱い等が起因して接地線が断線することがある。この接地線が検電器内部で断線している場合だけでなく、接地線が絶縁被覆電線であることから接地線が検電器外部で断線している場合も、作業員がその接地線の断線に気づくことは困難である。このように接地線が断線していることに気づかず、検電作業を実行すると、架線が充電中であるにもかかわらず、表示ランプまたはブザー等による報知がないことから、作業員は架線が停電状態にあると誤判断し、その充電状態にある架線に触れる危険性があった。
【0008】
そこで、本発明は前記問題点に鑑みて提案されたもので、その目的とするところは、接地線の断線を簡単かつ確実に検出し得る機能を持った直流用検電器を提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するための技術的手段として、本発明は、絶縁筒の先端に取り付けられ、検電対象物に引掛け係止されることによりその検電対象物と電気的に接触する検電金具と、前記絶縁筒の一部に設けられて検電金具と電気的に接続され、その検電金具を介して検電対象物の充電電圧を検出してその検電情報を報知する検出部と、その検出部を介して前記検電金具をアース接続するための接地線とを具備した直流用検電器において、一端が前記検出部の制御電源に接続され、かつ、他端が前記接地線のアース導体への接続によりその接地線と電気的な短絡状態になる検出線を備え、その検出線により前記接地線の断線を検出可能とし、前記接地線が接続された第一の端子金具と前記検出線が接続された第二の端子金具とを絶縁材を介して配設した接地端子により、前記第一の端子金具と前記第二の端子金具とをアース導体に電気的に接続可能としたことを特徴とする。
【0010】
本発明では、接地線の使用時、接地線が断線していなければ、その接地線のアース導体への接続により検出線が接地線と電気的な短絡状態となって制御電源を有する閉ループ回路が形成されることから、接地線が良好であると判定することができる。一方、接地線が断線していると、接地線のアース導体への接続により検出線が接地線と電気的な短絡状態となっても、制御電源を有する閉ループ回路が形成されないので、接地線が不良であると判定することができる。
【0011】
この接地線が断線しているか否かの判定を報知する手段としては、前記検出線と制御電源との間に、接地線の断線を報知する表示手段を介挿することにより実現される。また、接地線のアース導体への接続によりその接地線と電気的な短絡状態にするための手段としては、前記接地線の先端に設けられた接地端子を、接地線が接続された第一の端子金具と、検出線が接続された第二の端子金具とを絶縁材を介して配設し、マグネットの磁気吸着により前記第一の端子金具と第二の端子金具とをアース導体に電気的に接続する構造とすることにより実現される。
【0012】
ここで、検電器は、手動で長さ調整可能な複数本の絶縁筒、例えば複数本の絶縁筒を伸縮可能に連結した延竿式のもの、或いは、複数本の絶縁筒を軸方向に継ぎ足して連結する継竿式のものであり、特に、高所の架線電圧を検出する検電作業においては、操作性や携帯性の面で、径の異なる複数本の絶縁筒を伸縮可能に連結した延竿式のものが好適である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る直流用検電器の実施形態を以下に詳述する。以下の実施形態では、検電対象物を例えば電鉄沿線の架線とし、その架線電圧の有無を検出する場合について説明する。なお、本発明はこの実施形態に限定されることなく、電鉄沿線の架線以外の他の検電対象物についても適用可能である。
【0014】
図2(A)(B)に示す直流用検電器の絶縁筒群10は、架線電圧検出前の保管時の状態が示される。この絶縁筒群10は、図3(A)に示すように径の異なる複数本の繊維強化プラスチック(FRP)製絶縁筒111〜11nを手動で軸方向に伸縮可能に連結した延竿式のもので、最小径の最先端絶縁筒111の先端部にフック状の検電金具20が設けられ、最大径の最後端絶縁筒11nの先端部外周に検出部30が取り付けられ、図3(B)に示すように各絶縁筒111〜11n内に、検電金具20と検出部30を電気的に接続する軸方向伸縮可能な導電部材、例えば延竿式の導電筒群50が配置される。この導電筒群50は、径の異なる複数本の導電筒511〜51nを伸縮可能に連結した延竿式のもので、各導電筒511〜51nはステンレスパイプ、カーボンパイプ等の円筒状の良導電性パイプからなり、各々が電気的かつ機械的に連結されて一本の導電管となっている。
【0015】
絶縁筒群10の先端の検電金具20は、図3(A)(B)の鎖線に示すように高所に位置する架線1に引掛けられるもので、その形状はフック状に限らない。この検電金具20が固設される最先端絶縁筒111の先端部は、例えば図4に示す構造を有する。最先端絶縁筒111の先端部内外にジョイント金具21と先端カバー22が固設され、ジョイント金具21に検電金具20の基端部が螺着される。最先端絶縁筒111の先端部内には、限流抵抗R1とリード線24とアンテナ取付金具25が直列接続されて固定され、限流抵抗R1とアンテナ取付金具25は絶縁モールド材26に封入される。アンテナ取付金具25に導電筒群50の最先端導電筒511が電気的かつ機械的に連結される。
【0016】
また、絶縁筒群10の最大径の最後端絶縁筒11nは、作業員が手に持って検電作業をする握り棒となるもので、その先端部外周に図4に示すように継手カバー12と検出部30が固定され、後端部の内外に導電筒連結用固定キャップ13と絶縁筒保護用石突ゴム14が固定される。また、各絶縁筒111〜11nの内面の所定の複数箇所に、導電筒群50の伸縮動作をスムーズにするための筒ガイド60が必要個数だけ固定されている。
【0017】
導電筒群50はラジオのロッドアンテナと同様な構造のものでよく、これを構成する径の異なる複数本(通常において4〜5本)の導電筒511〜51nは段階的に径が相違して、その最大径の導電筒511が最先端絶縁筒111内に設けられたアンテナ取付金具25と連結され、最小径の導電筒51nが最後端絶縁筒11n内に設けられた固定キャップ13と連結されている。この導電筒群50は、絶縁筒群10の絶縁筒111〜11nの手動による伸縮動作に追従して伸縮する。
【0018】
なお、絶縁筒群10の伸長操作時、導電筒群50が追従して伸長するが、その導電筒群50の伸長動作は、各絶縁筒111〜11n内で軸方向に移動する各導電筒511〜51nを複数の筒ガイド60でガイドして半径方向の移動を規制することで安定して行われる。これは絶縁筒群10の縮小操作時における導電筒群50の縮小動作についても同様である。複数の筒ガイド60は、最後端絶縁筒11nを除く各絶縁筒111〜11nの後端部内面に設けられる。
【0019】
特に、図4に示すように導電筒群50の最大径の導電筒511を絶縁筒群10の最先端に位置させ、最小径の導電筒51nを絶縁筒群10の最後端に位置させている。このようにすれば、各筒ガイド60と対応する導電筒511〜51nとの隙間を十分に小さく設定できるので、各導電筒511〜51nの対応する筒ガイド60で規制される半径方向の移動量が小さく設定できて、導電筒群50の前後両端からの外力による伸縮動作が安定してスムーズに行われる。また、絶縁筒群10の伸縮操作時、各絶縁筒111〜11nが外周方向に相対的に回転して各導電筒群50も相対的に回転しても捻れるようなことが無く、電気的かつ機械的な接続状態を確保することができる。
【0020】
また、絶縁筒群10の最後端にある固定キャップ13に固定された最後端導電筒51nの後端から引出リード線52が導出され、その先端と最後端絶縁筒11nの先端部外周に固定された検出部30が導体70で電気的に接続される。導体70は、丸棒状の電線類でもよいが、例えば図5に示すように帯板状の導電薄板70が使用されている。この導電薄板70は直流1500V程度の検出に必要な電流容量を持つ、例えば板厚0.3mm、幅10mmのリン青銅板等の導電板で、例えば最後端絶縁筒11nの外周に繊維強化プラスチック(FRP)製の絶縁チューブ11n’を嵌着してその部分の管壁を二重構造とし、その間に導電薄板70を挟み込んだ状態で配設して絶縁保護している。導電薄板70の先端部が継手カバー12内で導出され、この導出先端部から延在させた引出リード線71が検出部30と電気的に接続されている。このような導電薄板70を使用すれば、握り棒となる最大径の最後端絶縁筒11nを握り易い外径寸法とすることが容易である。
【0021】
最後端絶縁筒11nの先端部に固定された検出部30は、図6に示す外観(操作・表示面)を有する筐体31からなる。この検出部30は、図1に示すように架線電圧検出に必要な電圧検出回路33と検電情報の表示手段34と共に、架線電圧の定格(例えば直流1500V)と同等か或いは1000V程度の低い直流定電圧(試験電圧)を発生する試験電圧発生回路40を具備している。
【0022】
筐体31に内蔵された電圧検出回路33は、一端が絶縁筒群10の限流抵抗R1に接続され、他端が接地線32に接続された検出抵抗R2の端子電圧を検出することにより架線電圧を等価的に検出する回路である。また、筐体31の操作・表示面に設けられた表示手段34は、電圧検出回路33で検出された架線電圧の電圧値を数値表示する液晶パネル等の電圧値表示部34aと、架線が充電状態であることを報知するための充電中ランプ34bおよびブザー34cと、電圧検出回路33で検出された電圧値を数値表示させる手動の電圧表示スイッチ35と、試験電圧発生回路40で発生した試験電圧でもって検電器の動作テストを実行開始する手動のテストスイッチ41と、接地線32が断線していないことを報知するための表示手段である接地線ランプ34dとを有する。
【0023】
また、電圧検出回路33、試験電圧発生回路40、充電中ランプ34b、ブザー34cおよび接地線ランプ34dの駆動電圧を印加するための制御電源90(電池)を具備し、筐体31の操作・表示面には前記制御電源90の電池蓋91が配設され、導体からなる電池蓋91は前記試験電圧発生回路40と電気的に接続されている。
【0024】
この制御電源90には、接地線ランプ34dを介して接地線32の断線を検出するための検出線39が接続されており、この検出線39と接地線32の筐体31外に導出された先端部には、例えば図7および図8に示すようにマグネット37を有する接地端子36が設けられている。接地端子36は、先端開口円形枠形の第一の端子金具81と、その第一の端子金具81内に収納されたドーナッツ形状のマグネット37と、前記第一の端子金具81の中央に穿設された貫通孔に挿通した丸棒状の第二の端子金具82とからなり、第一の端子金具81と第二の端子金具82とは、絶縁材83により電気的に絶縁された状態で機械的に固定されている。
【0025】
前記検出線39と接地線32の筐体31外に導出された部分80は絶縁被覆された二芯構造を有し、その絶縁被覆部分80から導出された接地線32の先端は、前記接地端子36の第一の端子金具81と電気的に接続され、絶縁被覆部分80から導出された検出線39の先端は、接地端子36の第二の端子金具82と電気的に接続されている。
【0026】
以上の構成を具備した直流用検電器により架線電圧の有無を検電する作業は以下の要領でもって行われる。まず、検出部30(筐体31)から導出された接地線32をアース接続するため、接地端子36をアース導体である、例えば電鉄沿線のレール38上に置くと、マグネット37の磁気吸着力により接地端子36がレール38にワンタッチで確実に固着される。
【0027】
このとき、前記接地線32が断線しているか否かを判定することが可能である。つまり、前述のようにして接地端子36をレール38に固着してアース接続すると、接地端子36の第一の端子金具81と第二の端子金具82とがともにレール38に接触するため、そのレール38を介して接地線32と検出線39とが電気的に短絡した状態となる(図9に示すように接地端子36をスイッチに例えると、第一の端子金具81と第二の端子金具82からなる二つの接点が閉じた状態となる)。
【0028】
その結果、図1に示すように検出部30の制御電源90から接地線ランプ34d−検出線39−接地端子36の第二の端子金具82−レール38−第一の端子金具81−接地線32を経由して前記制御電源90に戻る閉ループ回路が形成されることになる。これにより、前記接地線32が断線していなければ、接地線ランプ34dが点灯することにより、作業員は接地線32が良好であることを認知できる。一方、接地線32が断線していれば、前記閉ループ回路が形成されないことから、接地線ランプ34dが点灯しないので、作業員は接地線32が不良であることを認知できる。
【0029】
このようにして接地線32が断線しておらず正常であることを確認した上で、図2の状態にある絶縁筒群10を図3(A)に示すように各絶縁筒111〜11nを順に引き出して架線1に達する程度の長さに伸長させて固定化する。この絶縁筒群10の固定は、各絶縁筒111〜11nの端部に螺装されたジョイント部材15を手動で回転させて締め付けることで行うことができる。各絶縁筒111〜11nの伸長操作に追従して、図3(B)に示すように導電筒群50が絶縁筒111〜11nの引き延ばし力でもって伸長される。
【0030】
以上では、接地端子36によるアース接続後に絶縁筒群10を伸長させる操作を実行する場合について説明したが、これとは逆に、絶縁筒群10を伸長させた後に接地端子36をアース接続する操作を実行するようにしてもよい。
【0031】
前述のようにして絶縁筒群10を伸長させた状態で、その最後端絶縁筒11nを把持して最先端絶縁筒111の検電金具20を高所の架線1に引掛ける。検電金具20を架線1に引掛け係止すると、図1に示すように検出部30で検出抵抗R2の両端電圧を測定することにより架線電圧が検出され、表示手段34が架線電圧の有無表示を行う。つまり、架線1が充電状態にあれば、充電中ランプ34bが点灯し、作業員が電圧表示スイッチ35を手動操作でオンすることにより電圧表示部34aで架線電圧の電圧値が表示される。なお、検出部30は最後端絶縁筒11nに設けられて作業員の手元にあるので、作業員は検出部30の電圧値等の表示を容易に確認できる。
【0032】
この検電作業中、接地線32のアース接続状態を継続しているため、作業員は検出部30の充電中ランプ34bと接地線ランプ34dの両方を目視確認すればよい。つまり、充電中ランプ34bが点灯しておれば、架線1が充電状態にあって接地線32が断線していないことは明らかであり、この時、接地線ランプ34dも必ず点灯する。一方、充電中ランプ34bが消灯している場合、接地線32が正常で架線1が充電状態にない場合、あるいは、接地線32が断線している場合のいずれであり、特に、後者の場合で、架線1が充電状態にあって接地線32が断線している場合が問題となるが、その場合でも、作業員は、接地線ランプ34dを目視確認すればよい。
【0033】
すなわち、検出部30の充電中ランプ34bの消灯が、架線1が充電状態にあるにもかかわらず、接地線32の断線によるものであれば、接地線ランプ34dも消灯していることから、作業員は接地線32が不良であることを認知でき、充電状態にある架線1に作業員が触れるようなことは皆無となる。逆に、接地線32が断線していなければ、接地線ランプ34dが点灯することになることから、接地線32が断線しておらず、架線1が充電状態にないことが判明する。
【0034】
なお、以上で説明した検電作業に先立って、検電器が正常に動作するか否かをテストすることがある。この動作テストの要領を以下に詳述する。動作テスト時には、検電器に付属する試験リード線を使用する。この試験リード線42は、例えば図10に示すように両端にバナナプラグ43とワニ口クリップ44を有する一本のフレキシブルな絶縁電線である。
【0035】
検電器の動作テストを実行するに際しては、まず、図11に示すように試験リード線42のワニ口クリップ44を検電金具20に挟み、バナナプラグ43を検出部30の筐体31に設置された出力端子45に差し込んで検電金具20と試験電圧発生回路40とを電気的に接続する。これと共に、筐体31から導出された接地線32および検出線39の先端の接地端子36を筐体31の操作・表示面にある電池蓋91に磁気吸着により固着する。この電池蓋91には前述したように試験電圧発生回路40が電気的に接続されているので、試験電圧発生回路40の出力端子45から試験リード線42−検電金具20−検出抵抗R2−接地線32を経由して接地端子36(電池蓋91)を介して前記試験電圧発生回路40に戻る閉ループ回路が形成されることになる。
【0036】
ここで、前述した検電作業時と同様に、接地線32の断線の有無を判定することが可能である。つまり、接地端子36を金属製の電池蓋91に固着することで、検電作業時のレール38にアース接続する場合と同様、接地線32と検出線39とを電気的に短絡させた状態にすることが可能となる。従って、接地線32が断線していなければ、制御電源90による印加電圧でもって接地線ランプ34dが点灯することにより、作業員は、接地線32が良好であることを認知できる。
【0037】
一方、作業員がテストスイッチ41を手動でオンすると、制御電源90による印加電圧でもって試験電圧発生回路40が動作し、その印加電圧を昇圧させた所定の試験電圧、例えば1000Vの直流電圧が出力され、その試験電圧が検電金具20に印加される。検電器が正常な場合には、検電作業時と同様、検電金具20に印加された試験電圧が、検出抵抗R2の両端電圧を測定することにより電圧検出回路33で検出され、表示手段34が試験電圧の有無表示を行う。つまり、検電器が正常であれば、充電中ランプ34bが点灯し、作業員が電圧表示スイッチ35の手動操作でオンすることにより電圧表示部34aで試験電圧(例えば1000V)の電圧値が正常に表示され、作業員は検電器が正常に動作することを確認できる。このように試験電圧発生回路40を検出部30に内蔵させているので、別体の試験装置などが不要であり、検電器に動作確認が容易かつ迅速に実行できる。
【0038】
なお、以上の実施形態は延竿式の絶縁筒群10に検出部30を固設したものであるが、本発明は継竿式の絶縁筒群に検出部を固設した直流用検電器であっても有効に適用できる。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、一端が検出部の制御電源に接続され、かつ、他端が接地線のアース導体への接続によりその接地線と電気的な短絡状態になる検出線を備え、その検出線により前記接地線の断線を検出可能とし、前記接地線が接続された第一の端子金具と前記検出線が接続された第二の端子金具とを絶縁材を介して配設した接地端子により、前記第一の端子金具と前記第二の端子金具とをアース導体に電気的に接続可能としたことにより、検電作業時などで使用される接地線の断線の有無を判定することができる。このことから、検電対象物が充電中であるにもかかわらず、その検電対象物が充電状態でないと誤判断した作業員が充電中の検電対象物に触れるようなことがなくなるので、作業員にとっては安全性に富んだ直流用検電器を提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態における検電器の回路図であり、検電作業時での使用状態を示す。
【図2】(A)は図1の検電器を縮小させた状態での正面図、(B)はその側面図である。
【図3】(A)は図1の検電器を伸長させた状態での側面図、(B)はその検電器の伸長状態での導電筒群を示す側面図である。
【図4】図3(A)における検電器の部分拡大断面図である。
【図5】(A)は図4の検電器における最後端絶縁筒の部分拡大断面図、(B)は(A)のT−T線に沿う拡大断面図である。
【図6】図2(A)の検出部の外観を示す拡大正面図である。
【図7】図2(A)の接地線および検出線の先端に設けられた接地端子を示す断面図である。
【図8】図7の接地端子を底面から見た図である。
【図9】接地端子をスイッチに例えた場合の等価回路である。
【図10】検電器に付属する試験リード線を示す正面図である。
【図11】検電器の動作テスト時における試験リード線および接地線の接続状態を示す検出部の回路図である。
【符号の説明】
1 検電対象物(架線)
10 絶縁筒群
111〜11n 絶縁筒
20 検電金具
30 検出部
32 接地線
34d 表示手段(接地線ランプ)
36 接地端子
37 マグネット
38 アース導体(レール)
39 検出線
81 第一の端子金具
82 第二の端子金具
83 絶縁材
90 制御電源
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a DC voltage detector, for example, a portable DC voltage detector used for managing the presence or absence of an overhead line voltage along a railway.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a DC voltage of about 1500 V is transmitted from the substation to the overhead line along the railway. For maintenance management, it is necessary to detect the presence or absence of the overhead line voltage at any point. In the voltage detection operation for detecting the presence or absence of the overhead line voltage, the following DC voltage detector that can be manually adjusted in length from the place where the overhead line is at a high place is usually used.
[0003]
This DC voltage detector is an extension type in which a plurality of insulating cylinders are connected so as to be extendable in the axial direction, or an arbitrary length by adding a plurality of insulating cylinders in the axial direction. The joint type is known. These extension type or joint type voltage detectors have a hook-shaped voltage detection fitting at the tip of an insulating cylinder, and a ground wire is connected to the voltage detection fitting via a detection resistor, and the terminals of the detection resistance It has a detector that detects the presence or absence of an overhead wire voltage by measuring the voltage.
[0004]
When detecting the overhead line voltage, the operator must connect the grounding wire led out from the voltage detector to the desired length with the extension type or relay type voltage detector set to the desired length, and then insulate the terminal end. Hold the tube by hand and raise the most advanced insulation tube to the height of the overhead wire, and hook the voltage detection fitting at the tip of the insulation tube to the overhead wire.
[0005]
As a result, it is possible to detect the presence / absence of the overhead wire voltage by grounding the voltage detection fitting hooked to the overhead wire via the detection resistor and measuring the terminal voltage of the detection resistor at the detection unit. If it is in a state, the operator is notified by a display lamp or a buzzer attached to the detection unit.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when detecting the overhead wire voltage by the above-described voltage detector, the hook-shaped voltage detection fitting at the tip of the insulating cylinder is securely hooked and locked to the overhead wire, and the ground wire led out from the voltage detector is securely connected. Must be grounded. Thus, by reliably grounding the voltage detection fitting hooked on the overhead wire via the detection resistance, the terminal voltage of the detection resistance can be measured by the detection unit.
[0007]
On the other hand, the grounding wire may be disconnected due to the handling of the voltage detector. Not only when this ground wire is disconnected inside the voltage detector, but also when the ground wire is disconnected outside the voltage detector because the ground wire is an insulation-coated wire, It is difficult to notice. If you do not realize that the grounding wire is broken in this way and perform voltage detection work, there will be no notification by an indicator lamp or buzzer even though the overhead wire is being charged. There was a risk of misjudging that it was in a power outage and touching the overhead wire in its charged state.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a DC voltage detector having a function capable of easily and reliably detecting a disconnection of a ground wire. .
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a technical means for achieving the above object, the present invention provides a voltage detection device that is attached to the tip of an insulating cylinder and is brought into electrical contact with the voltage detection object by being hooked and locked to the voltage detection object. A detection unit that is provided in a part of the insulating cylinder and is electrically connected to the voltage detection metal fitting, detects the charging voltage of the voltage detection object through the voltage detection metal fitting, and notifies the voltage detection information And a ground wire for grounding the voltage detection fitting through the detection portion, one end of which is connected to the control power supply of the detection portion and the other end is the ground wire. A detection wire that is electrically short-circuited with the ground wire when connected to the ground conductor, the disconnection of the ground wire can be detected by the detection wire, and the first terminal fitting to which the ground wire is connected; A second terminal fitting to which the detection line is connected via an insulating material By setting the ground terminal, and characterized in that a connectable to said first terminal metal piece and the second terminal fitting ground conductor electrically.
[0010]
In the present invention, when the ground wire is not disconnected when the ground wire is used, a closed loop circuit having a control power source is formed by connecting the ground wire to the ground conductor so that the detection wire is electrically short-circuited with the ground wire. Since it is formed, it can be determined that the ground line is good. On the other hand, if the ground wire is disconnected, a closed loop circuit having a control power supply is not formed even if the detection wire is electrically shorted to the ground wire due to the connection of the ground wire to the ground conductor. It can be determined that it is defective.
[0011]
The means for notifying whether or not the ground line is disconnected is realized by inserting a display means for notifying the disconnection of the ground line between the detection line and the control power supply. In addition, as means for connecting the ground wire to the ground conductor to make an electrical short circuit with the ground wire, the ground terminal provided at the tip of the ground wire is connected to the first ground wire connected. A terminal fitting and a second terminal fitting to which the detection line is connected are disposed via an insulating material, and the first terminal fitting and the second terminal fitting are electrically connected to the ground conductor by magnetic attraction of a magnet. This is realized by adopting a structure to connect to.
[0012]
Here, the voltage detector is a plurality of insulating tubes whose lengths can be manually adjusted, for example, an extension type in which a plurality of insulating tubes are connected so as to be extendable or a plurality of insulating tubes are added in the axial direction. In particular, in voltage detection work to detect overhead line voltage at high places, multiple insulation cylinders with different diameters are connected in an extendable manner in terms of operability and portability. The extended type is preferred.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a DC voltage detector according to the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following embodiments, a case will be described in which the object to be detected is, for example, an overhead line along an electric railway, and the presence or absence of the overhead line voltage is detected. In addition, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, It can apply also to electric power detection objects other than the overhead wire along a railway.
[0014]
The insulation cylinder group 10 of the DC voltage detector shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B shows a state at the time of storage before detecting the overhead wire voltage. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), the insulating cylinder group 10 is an extension type in which a plurality of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n having different diameters are manually connected to be extendable in the axial direction. A hook-shaped voltage detection fitting 20 is provided at the tip of the minimum-diameter cutting-edge insulating cylinder 11 1 , and a detector 30 is attached to the outer periphery of the tip-end insulating cylinder 11 n having the maximum diameter. As shown in FIG. 3 (B), in each of the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n , an electrically conductive member that can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction for electrically connecting the voltage detection fitting 20 and the detection unit 30, for example, an extended-type conductive cylinder group 50. Is placed. The conductive cylinder group 50 is an extended type in which a plurality of conductive cylinders 51 1 to 51 n having different diameters are connected so as to be expandable and contractible, and each of the conductive cylinders 51 1 to 51 n is a cylinder such as a stainless pipe or a carbon pipe. Each of which is electrically and mechanically connected to form a single conductive tube.
[0015]
The voltage detection fitting 20 at the tip of the insulating cylinder group 10 is hooked on the overhead wire 1 positioned at a high position as shown by the chain line in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and the shape is not limited to the hook shape. The distal end portion of the most advanced insulating cylinder 11 1 to which the voltage detection fitting 20 is fixed has a structure shown in FIG. 4, for example. The joint fitting 21 and the tip cover 22 are fixed inside and outside the distal end portion of the most advanced insulating cylinder 11 1 , and the base end portion of the voltage detection fitting 20 is screwed to the joint fitting 21. A current limiting resistor R 1 , a lead wire 24, and an antenna mounting bracket 25 are connected in series and fixed in the distal end portion of the most advanced insulating cylinder 11 1. The current limiting resistor R 1 and the antenna mounting bracket 25 are attached to the insulating mold material 26. Enclosed. The most advanced conductive cylinder 51 1 of the conductive cylinder group 50 is electrically and mechanically connected to the antenna mounting bracket 25.
[0016]
Further, the rearmost insulating cylinder 11 n having the maximum diameter of the insulating cylinder group 10 serves as a gripping rod for an operator to carry out a voltage detection operation, and a joint cover is provided on the outer periphery of the tip as shown in FIG. 12 and the detection part 30 are fixed, and the conductive cylinder connecting fixing cap 13 and the insulating cylinder protecting rubber bump 14 are fixed inside and outside the rear end part. In addition, a necessary number of tube guides 60 for smoothening the expansion and contraction operation of the conductive tube group 50 are fixed to a plurality of predetermined positions on the inner surfaces of the respective insulating tubes 11 1 to 11 n .
[0017]
The conductive tube group 50 may have a structure similar to that of a radio rod antenna, and a plurality of (usually 4 to 5) conductive tubes 51 1 to 51 n having different diameters gradually differ in diameter. The maximum diameter conductive cylinder 51 1 is connected to the antenna mounting bracket 25 provided in the most advanced insulating cylinder 11 1 , and the minimum diameter conductive cylinder 51 n is provided in the rearmost insulating cylinder 11 n . The fixed cap 13 is connected. The conductive cylinder group 50 expands and contracts following the manual expansion and contraction operation of the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n of the insulating cylinder group 10.
[0018]
Note that, when the insulating tube group 10 is extended, the conductive tube group 50 follows and expands. The extending operation of the conductive tube group 50 is performed by each conductive material moving in the axial direction within each of the insulating tubes 11 1 to 11 n . This is performed stably by guiding the tubes 51 1 to 51 n with a plurality of tube guides 60 and restricting the movement in the radial direction. The same applies to the reduction operation of the conductive cylinder group 50 during the reduction operation of the insulating cylinder group 10. The plurality of tube guides 60 are provided on the inner surfaces of the rear end portions of the respective insulating tubes 11 1 to 11 n excluding the rearmost insulating tube 11 n .
[0019]
In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, the largest diameter conductive cylinder 51 1 of the conductive cylinder group 50 is positioned at the forefront of the insulating cylinder group 10, and the smallest diameter conductive cylinder 51 n is positioned at the rearmost end of the insulating cylinder group 10. ing. By doing so, the gaps between the respective cylinder guides 60 and the corresponding conductive cylinders 51 1 to 51 n can be set sufficiently small, so that the radii restricted by the corresponding cylindrical guides 60 of the respective conductive cylinders 51 1 to 51 n are set. The amount of movement in the direction can be set small, and the expansion / contraction operation by the external force from the front and rear ends of the conductive tube group 50 is performed stably and smoothly. Further, during the expansion / contraction operation of the insulating cylinder group 10, the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n rotate relative to the outer peripheral direction, and the conductive cylinder group 50 does not twist evenly. An electrical and mechanical connection state can be ensured.
[0020]
A lead wire 52 is led out from the rear end of the rearmost conductive cylinder 51 n fixed to the fixed cap 13 at the rearmost end of the insulating cylinder group 10, and the leading end and the outer periphery of the distal end of the rearmost insulating cylinder 11 n are provided. The fixed detection unit 30 is electrically connected by the conductor 70. Although the conductor 70 may be a round bar-shaped electric wire, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a strip-shaped conductive thin plate 70 is used. The conductive thin plate 70 has a current capacity required to detect the order of DC 1500V, for example the thickness 0.3 mm, a conductive plate of phosphor bronze plate or the like having a width 10 mm, for example fiber-reinforced plastic on the outer periphery of the end edge insulation tube 11 n An insulating tube 11 n ′ made of (FRP) is fitted to form a double wall structure at the portion, and the conductive thin plate 70 is sandwiched therebetween to provide insulation protection. A leading end portion of the conductive thin plate 70 is led out in the joint cover 12, and a lead wire 71 extending from the leading end portion is electrically connected to the detection unit 30. If such a conductive thin plate 70 is used, it is easy to make the maximum diameter rearmost insulating cylinder 11 n serving as a gripping rod easy to grip.
[0021]
The detection unit 30 fixed to the distal end portion of the rearmost insulating cylinder 11 n includes a casing 31 having an appearance (operation / display surface) shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the detection unit 30 has a voltage detection circuit 33 necessary for detecting the overhead line voltage and a display unit 34 for detecting detection information, and has a direct current equal to or lower than the rated voltage of the overhead line voltage (for example, direct current 1500V). A test voltage generation circuit 40 for generating a constant voltage (test voltage) is provided.
[0022]
The voltage detection circuit 33 incorporated in the housing 31 detects the terminal voltage of the detection resistor R 2 having one end connected to the current limiting resistor R 1 of the insulating tube group 10 and the other end connected to the ground line 32. Thus, the overhead line voltage is equivalently detected. Further, the display means 34 provided on the operation / display surface of the casing 31 includes a voltage value display section 34a such as a liquid crystal panel for displaying the voltage value of the overhead line voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 33, and the overhead line is charged. A charging lamp 34b and a buzzer 34c for informing that the battery is in a state, a manual voltage display switch 35 for numerically displaying the voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit 33, and a test voltage generated by the test voltage generation circuit 40. Therefore, it has a manual test switch 41 for starting the operation test of the voltage detector, and a ground wire lamp 34d as a display means for notifying that the ground wire 32 is not broken.
[0023]
In addition, a control power supply 90 (battery) for applying drive voltages for the voltage detection circuit 33, the test voltage generation circuit 40, the charging lamp 34b, the buzzer 34c, and the grounding wire lamp 34d is provided. A battery cover 91 of the control power supply 90 is disposed on the surface, and the battery cover 91 made of a conductor is electrically connected to the test voltage generation circuit 40.
[0024]
The control power supply 90 is connected to a detection line 39 for detecting the disconnection of the ground line 32 through the ground line lamp 34d. The detection line 39 and the ground line 32 are led out of the casing 31. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a ground terminal 36 having a magnet 37 is provided at the tip. The ground terminal 36 is drilled at the center of the first terminal fitting 81 having a circular frame-shaped first terminal fitting 81, a donut-shaped magnet 37 housed in the first terminal fitting 81, and the first terminal fitting 81. The first terminal fitting 81 and the second terminal fitting 82 are mechanically insulated from each other by an insulating material 83. It is fixed to.
[0025]
A portion 80 of the detection wire 39 and the ground wire 32 led out of the casing 31 has a two-core structure coated with insulation, and a tip of the ground wire 32 led out of the insulation coating portion 80 is connected to the ground terminal. The first end of the detection wire 39 that is electrically connected to the first terminal fitting 81 of the 36 and led out from the insulating coating portion 80 is electrically connected to the second terminal fitting 82 of the ground terminal 36.
[0026]
The operation of detecting the presence or absence of the overhead line voltage by the DC voltage detector having the above configuration is performed as follows. First, in order to ground the ground wire 32 led out from the detection unit 30 (housing 31), when the ground terminal 36 is placed on a rail 38, for example, along a railway line, which is a ground conductor, the magnetic attraction force of the magnet 37 The ground terminal 36 is securely fixed to the rail 38 with one touch.
[0027]
At this time, it is possible to determine whether or not the ground wire 32 is disconnected. That is, when the ground terminal 36 is fixed to the rail 38 and grounded as described above, the first terminal fitting 81 and the second terminal fitting 82 of the ground terminal 36 both come into contact with the rail 38. 38, the ground wire 32 and the detection wire 39 are electrically short-circuited (when the ground terminal 36 is compared to a switch as shown in FIG. 9, the first terminal fitting 81 and the second terminal fitting 82 are provided. The two contacts consisting of are closed).
[0028]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, from the control power supply 90 of the detection unit 30 to the ground wire lamp 34d-detection wire 39-second terminal fitting 82 of the ground terminal 36-rail 38-first terminal fitting 81-grounding wire 32. Thus, a closed loop circuit that returns to the control power supply 90 via the circuit is formed. Thereby, if the ground line 32 is not disconnected, the ground line lamp 34d is turned on, so that the worker can recognize that the ground line 32 is good. On the other hand, if the ground line 32 is disconnected, the closed loop circuit is not formed, and the ground line lamp 34d is not lit, so that the worker can recognize that the ground line 32 is defective.
[0029]
In this way, after confirming that the grounding wire 32 is not disconnected and is normal, the insulating cylinder group 10 in the state of FIG. 2 is changed to the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 as shown in FIG. Pull out n in order and extend to the length to reach the overhead line 1 and fix. The insulating cylinder group 10 can be fixed by manually rotating and tightening the joint member 15 screwed to the ends of the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n . Following the extending operation of each of the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n , the conductive cylinder group 50 is extended with the extending force of the insulating cylinders 11 1 to 11 n as shown in FIG.
[0030]
In the above description, the operation of extending the insulating cylinder group 10 after the ground connection by the ground terminal 36 has been described. On the contrary, the operation of connecting the ground terminal 36 to the earth after the insulating cylinder group 10 has been extended. May be executed.
[0031]
In a state where in the manner described above was extended an insulating tube group 10, hooking the cutting edge insulation tube 11 1 of electroscopic fitting 20 to grip the rearmost end insulation tube 11 n to high altitude of the overhead line 1. When hook locking the electroscopic bracket 20 to the overhead wire 1, the overhead line voltage is detected by measuring the voltage across the detection resistor R 2 in the detection unit 30 as shown in FIG. 1, the presence or absence of the display unit 34 is overhead line voltage Display. That is, if the overhead wire 1 is in a charged state, the charging lamp 34b is turned on, and the voltage value of the overhead wire voltage is displayed on the voltage display portion 34a when the operator turns on the voltage display switch 35 by manual operation. Since the detection unit 30 is provided on the rearmost insulating cylinder 11 n and is at the worker's hand, the worker can easily confirm the display of the voltage value and the like of the detection unit 30.
[0032]
Since the ground connection state of the ground wire 32 is continued during the voltage detection operation, the worker only has to visually check both the charging lamp 34b and the ground wire lamp 34d of the detection unit 30. That is, if the charging lamp 34b is lit, it is clear that the overhead wire 1 is in a charged state and the ground wire 32 is not disconnected. At this time, the ground wire lamp 34d is also lit up. On the other hand, when the charging lamp 34b is turned off, the ground wire 32 is normal and the overhead wire 1 is not in a charged state, or the ground wire 32 is disconnected, particularly in the latter case. The case where the overhead wire 1 is in a charged state and the ground wire 32 is disconnected becomes a problem. Even in this case, the worker may visually check the ground wire lamp 34d.
[0033]
That is, if the charging lamp 34b of the detection unit 30 is turned off due to the disconnection of the ground wire 32 even though the overhead wire 1 is in a charged state, the ground wire lamp 34d is also turned off. The worker can recognize that the ground wire 32 is defective, and the worker never touches the overhead wire 1 in the charged state. On the contrary, if the ground wire 32 is not disconnected, the ground wire lamp 34d is lit, so that it is found that the ground wire 32 is not disconnected and the overhead wire 1 is not in a charged state.
[0034]
Prior to the voltage detection operation described above, it may be tested whether or not the voltage detector operates normally. The procedure for this operation test will be described in detail below. For operation tests, use the test leads attached to the voltage detector. The test lead wire 42 is a single flexible insulated wire having a banana plug 43 and an alligator clip 44 at both ends as shown in FIG. 10, for example.
[0035]
When performing the operation test of the voltage detector, first, as shown in FIG. 11, the alligator clip 44 of the test lead wire 42 is sandwiched between the voltage detection fittings 20 and the banana plug 43 is installed in the casing 31 of the detection unit 30. The voltage detection fitting 20 and the test voltage generation circuit 40 are electrically connected by being inserted into the output terminal 45. At the same time, the ground terminal 32 led out from the casing 31 and the ground terminal 36 at the tip of the detection line 39 are fixed to the battery cover 91 on the operation / display surface of the casing 31 by magnetic adsorption. Since the test voltage generation circuit 40 is electrically connected to the battery lid 91 as described above, the test lead wire 42-the voltage detection fitting 20-the detection resistance R 2 -from the output terminal 45 of the test voltage generation circuit 40. A closed loop circuit that returns to the test voltage generation circuit 40 via the ground line 32 and the ground terminal 36 (battery cover 91) is formed.
[0036]
Here, it is possible to determine whether or not the ground wire 32 is disconnected, as in the above-described voltage detection operation. That is, by fixing the grounding terminal 36 to the metal battery lid 91, the grounding wire 32 and the detection wire 39 are electrically short-circuited as in the case of ground connection to the rail 38 at the time of voltage detection work. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, if the ground line 32 is not disconnected, the ground line lamp 34d is lit with the voltage applied by the control power supply 90, so that the worker can recognize that the ground line 32 is good.
[0037]
On the other hand, when the operator manually turns on the test switch 41, the test voltage generation circuit 40 operates with the applied voltage from the control power supply 90, and a predetermined test voltage obtained by boosting the applied voltage, for example, a DC voltage of 1000 V is output. Then, the test voltage is applied to the voltage detection fitting 20. When the voltage detector is normal, the test voltage applied to the voltage detection fitting 20 is detected by the voltage detection circuit 33 by measuring the voltage across the detection resistor R 2 as in the case of the voltage detection operation, and is displayed. 34 displays the presence or absence of the test voltage. That is, if the voltage detector is normal, the charging lamp 34b is turned on, and the operator turns on the voltage display switch 35 manually, so that the voltage value of the test voltage (for example, 1000V) is normal in the voltage display unit 34a. The operator can confirm that the voltage detector is operating normally. Since the test voltage generation circuit 40 is built in the detection unit 30 in this way, a separate test device or the like is unnecessary, and the operation check can be easily and quickly performed on the voltage detector.
[0038]
In the above embodiment, the detection unit 30 is fixed to the extended insulation tube group 10, but the present invention is a DC voltage detector in which the detection unit is fixed to the connection type insulation tube group. Even if it exists, it can be applied effectively.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the one end is connected to the control power supply of the detection unit, and the other end is provided with the detection line that is electrically short-circuited with the ground line by connecting the ground line to the ground conductor. By detecting the disconnection of the grounding wire, the grounding terminal in which the first terminal fitting to which the grounding wire is connected and the second terminal fitting to which the detection wire is connected is disposed via an insulating material, By allowing the first terminal fitting and the second terminal fitting to be electrically connected to the ground conductor, it is possible to determine whether or not the ground wire used in the voltage detection work is broken. From this, even though the object to be detected is being charged, an operator who erroneously determines that the object to be detected is not in a charged state will not touch the object to be detected being charged. It is possible to provide a DC voltage detector with a high level of safety for workers.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a voltage detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state of use during voltage detection work.
2A is a front view of the voltage detector of FIG. 1 in a contracted state, and FIG. 2B is a side view thereof.
3A is a side view in a state where the voltage detector of FIG. 1 is extended, and FIG. 3B is a side view showing a conductive cylinder group in the extended state of the voltage detector.
4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the voltage detector in FIG.
5A is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a rearmost insulating cylinder in the voltage detector of FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line TT of FIG.
6 is an enlarged front view showing the appearance of the detection unit in FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a ground terminal provided at the tip of the ground line and the detection line of FIG.
8 is a view of the ground terminal of FIG. 7 as viewed from the bottom.
FIG. 9 is an equivalent circuit when the ground terminal is compared to a switch.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a test lead wire attached to the voltage detector.
FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a detection unit showing a connection state of a test lead wire and a ground wire during an operation test of the voltage detector.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Electricity detection object (overhead wire)
10 insulation tube group 11 1 to 11 n insulating tube 20 electroscopic fitting 30 detector 32 ground line 34d display means (ground line lamps)
36 Ground terminal 37 Magnet 38 Ground conductor (rail)
39 Detecting wire 81 First terminal fitting 82 Second terminal fitting 83 Insulating material 90 Control power supply

Claims (4)

絶縁筒の先端に取り付けられ、検電対象物に引掛け係止されることによりその検電対象物と電気的に接触する検電金具と、前記絶縁筒の一部に設けられて検電金具と電気的に接続され、その検電金具を介して検電対象物の充電電圧を検出してその検電情報を報知する検出部と、その検出部を介して前記検電金具をアース接続するための接地線とを具備した直流用検電器において、
一端が前記検出部の制御電源に接続され、かつ、他端が前記接地線のアース導体への接続によりその接地線と電気的な短絡状態になる検出線を備え、その検出線により前記接地線の断線を検出可能とし、前記接地線が接続された第一の端子金具と前記検出線が接続された第二の端子金具とを絶縁材を介して配設した接地端子により、前記第一の端子金具と前記第二の端子金具とをアース導体に電気的に接続可能としたことを特徴とする直流用検電器。
A voltage-sensing fitting that is attached to the tip of the insulating cylinder and hooked and locked to the object to be voltage-detected to make electrical contact with the object to be voltage-detected; And a detection unit that detects a charging voltage of a detection target object through the voltage detection fitting and notifies the voltage detection information, and grounds the voltage detection fitting through the detection unit. In a DC voltage detector equipped with a grounding wire for
One end is connected to the control power supply of the detection unit, and the other end is provided with a detection line that is electrically short-circuited with the ground line by connecting the ground line to the ground conductor, and the ground line is connected to the detection line. The first terminal fitting to which the grounding wire is connected and the second terminal fitting to which the detection wire is connected are arranged by means of a grounding terminal disposed via an insulating material. A DC voltage detector , wherein the terminal fitting and the second terminal fitting can be electrically connected to a ground conductor .
前記検出線と制御電源との間に、接地線の断線を報知する表示手段を介挿したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流用検電器。  2. The DC voltage detector according to claim 1, wherein a display means for informing the disconnection of the ground wire is interposed between the detection line and the control power source. 前記絶縁筒は、手動で長さ調整可能な複数本からなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の直流用検電器。The insulation barrel, for DC voltage detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists of manually length adjustable plural. 前記絶縁筒は、径の異なる複数本の絶縁筒を伸縮可能に連結した延竿式の絶縁筒群からなることを特徴とする請求項に記載の直流用検電器。4. The DC voltage detector according to claim 3 , wherein the insulating cylinder includes a group of extended-type insulating cylinders in which a plurality of insulating cylinders having different diameters are connected to be extendable. 5.
JP2001180124A 2001-06-14 2001-06-14 DC voltage detector Expired - Lifetime JP4443793B2 (en)

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