JP4431765B2 - Manufacturing method of concrete and concrete products mainly using industrial waste - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of concrete and concrete products mainly using industrial waste Download PDF

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JP4431765B2
JP4431765B2 JP2001403208A JP2001403208A JP4431765B2 JP 4431765 B2 JP4431765 B2 JP 4431765B2 JP 2001403208 A JP2001403208 A JP 2001403208A JP 2001403208 A JP2001403208 A JP 2001403208A JP 4431765 B2 JP4431765 B2 JP 4431765B2
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fine
sludge
concrete
granulated slag
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JP2003201164A (en
JP2003201164A5 (en
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高史 千石
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Sengoku Co Ltd
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Sengoku Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/0463—Hazardous waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本願発明は、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリートに関するものである。特に、有害汚染物質を含む産業廃棄物の固定化処理としてのコンクリートおよびコンクリート製品の製造方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
高炉、電気炉等の溶融スラグは鉄を生産する際の副産物として発生するが、従来は埋立用に使用されてきたが、埋め立て地の減小から高炉等の溶融スラグをコンクリート原料とすること公知である。即ち、コンクリートの粗骨材として砂利・砕石状（粗骨材形状）とした高炉スラグ、細骨材として砂状（細骨材形状）とした水砕スラグを形成して溶融スラグをコンクリート原料として利用することが公知である。
細骨材とする水砕スラグはその表面が針状結晶を呈していることから、図３に示すごとく針状結晶相互間に空間が発生して、充填率が低下することでコンクリートの強度が低下する問題点かあった。
また、近年、有害物質を含む産業廃棄物の処分、焼却場の有害物質を含む焼却灰の処分、下水処理汚泥有害物質埋立地の汚染土壌の処分等が社会的問題となっているが、この汚染物質の処分問題の一解決手段として、有害物質を含む汚染土壌のコンクリート固定化による処理が有効手段として考えられている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
よって、細骨材として水砕スラグを使用したクンクリートにおいて充填率の向上をはかることを課題とする。
また、前述の汚染土壌をコンクリート固定化処理することを課題とする。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願第１発明は、セメントと、細骨材として水砕スラグおよび粗骨材として高炉スラグを含むコンクリートであって、前記細骨材は、微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の有害汚泥が水砕スラグ３の表面に付着して、針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈに微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の有害汚泥で充填されていることを特徴とする、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリートを提供する。
【０００５】
本願第２発明は、セメントと、細骨材として水砕スラグおよび粗骨材として高炉スラグを含むコンクリート製品の製造方法において、水砕スラグに微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の有害汚泥を混合することで細骨材を製造して、水砕スラグの表面に、微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の有害汚泥を付着させることで、水砕スラグの表面の針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈを微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の有害汚泥で充填されている細骨材を製造し、細骨材として、水砕スラグの表面の針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈを微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の有害汚泥で充填されて前記細骨材を使用することを特徴とする、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリート製品の製造方法を提供する。
本願第３発明は、上記の第２発明に加えて、さらに、コンクリート材料として有害汚泥を付加することを特徴とする、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリート製品の製造方法を提供する。
【０００６】
【実施例】
以下実施例にもとづいて、本願発明を詳細に説明する。
【０００７】
図１は本願発明によるコンクリート製品１の断面図で、粗骨材（砂利・砕石）ａ、細骨材（砂）ｂ、残余のセメント層ｃより構成されることは，一般的なコンクリートと同様であるが、本願発明は図２を参照して、粗骨材ａは高炉スラグ２、細骨材（砂）ｂは水砕スラグ３とする。残余のセメント層ｃにはセメント５の他に建築発生汚泥（建築発生土を含む）４を混在する。なお、他に硬化調整剤その他の添加薬剤、金属片、高分子化合物、有機結合剤、無機結合剤を使用材料に含む場合にはセメント層ｃにそれらが混在する。
【０００８】
更に、その微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の建築発生汚泥４ａが水砕スラグ３の表面に付着している。
即ち、本願発明において、図２を参照して、水砕スラグ３の表面３ａより針状結晶６を突出しているが、針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈは微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の建築発生汚泥４で充填されている。
【０００９】
高炉スラグ２および水砕スラグ３について、コンクリートの粗骨材として砂利・砕石状（粗骨材形状）とした高炉スラグ２とし、細骨材として砂状（細骨材形状）とした水砕スラグ３を形成して、溶融スラグをコンクリート原料とすべく溶融スラグを公知技術により加工したものである。なお、溶融スラグは，鉄鋼生産に際しての銑鉄スラグの他、高炉スラグ、塵埃処理熔融炉スラグも適用できるものである。一般に溶融スラグを徐冷することで高炉スラグとし、高圧水を加水することで粉砕して砂状として水砕スラグ３を生産する。
【００１０】
以下第１発明の実験例を示す。
実験例１
【表１】

Figure 0004431765
【００１１】
実験例２
【表２】
Figure 0004431765
【００１２】
実験例３
【表３】
Figure 0004431765
【００１３】
実験例４
【表４】
Figure 0004431765
【００１４】
前記実施例はセメントの含有量の調整でコンクリート強度を調整できることを示している。また、コンクリートに占める産業廃棄物を８割まで高め得ることを示している。
【００１５】
第２発明の実施例においては、汚染物質を含む産業廃棄物の有害汚泥として、重金属汚染産業廃棄物、重金属汚染土壌の処理対策としてコンクリート化による有害物質の内部固化により無害化処理を可能とする
【００１６】
第３発明の実施例においては、建設発生汚泥を、下水処理汚泥とする。
【００１７】
第４発明においては、第１発明における建設発生汚泥に代えて、汚染土壌汚泥とする。
【００１８】
つぎに、第５発明について説明する。
前述の第１ないし第４発明のコンクリートの使用材料を従来の生コンクリート製造設備（ミキサー）にて従来法を用いて簡単に実施できる。
【００１９】
請求項６の実施例においては、細骨材ｂの供給に先立って、水砕スラグ３に微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の建設発生汚泥４ａを混合して供給することで、その微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の建設発生汚泥４ａが水砕スラグ３の表面に付着しているものを細骨材として使用することとなり、針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈは微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の建設発生汚泥４で確実に充填されて、充填度が上昇する。
【００２０】
更に、微粒分（７５μｍ以上）の建設発生汚泥、建設発生土を使用材料に付加しても、細骨材ｂは、針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈは微粒分（７５μｍ以下）の建設発生汚泥４で確実に充填されていることで、使用材料として微粒分（７５μｍ以上）の建設発生汚泥、建設発生土等を使用しても高い充填度を維持できる。よって、建設発生汚泥、建設発生土等の固化処理のため、広範囲（粒子の大なるもの）の汚染物質を対象とできる。
【００２１】
また、建設発生汚泥に代えて、下水処理汚泥、汚染土壌汚泥、産業廃棄物の有害汚泥を適用して第５発明を実施できることは勿論である。
【００２２】
本願発明は、熔融スラグ、鉄鋼スラグを加工して形成した水砕スラグを細骨材として使用しても充填度を高くして所望のコンクリート強度を得ることができる。
更に、建設発生汚泥、下水処理汚泥、汚染土壌汚泥、産業廃棄物の有害汚泥をコンクリートに分散分布させ、かつ７５μｍ以下の微粒分の有害汚泥を水砕スラグと一体化することで、有害汚泥をコンクリート製品の内部に固定化できることで、これら汚泥、有害汚染土壌の無害化処理に有効である。
したがって、有害汚泥を内部固化したコンクリート製品を道路資材、河川工事資材として利用した場合において、使用に際して表面削離を生じても有害物質のほとんどは固化状態を維持されて周辺環境を実質的に害することは無いものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】コンクリート製品の縦断面図
【図２】本願発明の要部を説明する、細骨材（水砕スラグ）の拡大断面図
【図３】公知の細骨材（水砕スラグ）を示す、図２同様の拡大断面図
【符号の説明】
１ コンクリート製品
２ 高炉スラグ
３ 水砕スラグ
３ａ水砕スラグの表面
４ 建築発生汚泥・有害汚泥
５ セメント
６ 針状結晶
ａ 粗骨材（砂利・砕石）
ｂ 細骨材（砂）
ｃ 残余のセメント層
Ｈ 空間[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to concrete using industrial waste. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing concrete and a concrete product as an immobilization process for industrial waste containing harmful pollutants.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Molten slag from blast furnaces, electric furnaces, etc. is generated as a by-product when iron is produced. Conventionally, it has been used for landfill, but it is known that molten slag from blast furnaces, etc. is used as a concrete raw material due to the reduction of landfill. It is. That is, blast furnace slag made of gravel and crushed stone (coarse aggregate shape) as coarse aggregate of concrete, and granulated slag made of sand (fine aggregate shape) as fine aggregate and molten slag as concrete raw material It is known to use.
Since the surface of the granulated slag used as a fine aggregate exhibits needle-like crystals, a space is generated between the needle-like crystals as shown in FIG. It was a problem to be lowered.
In recent years, disposal of industrial waste containing hazardous substances, disposal of incineration ash containing hazardous substances in incineration sites, disposal of contaminated soil in sewage treatment sludge hazardous substance landfill sites, etc. have become social problems. As a means for solving the problem of disposal of pollutants, treatment by fixing concrete in contaminated soil containing harmful substances is considered as an effective means.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, it is an object to improve the filling rate in kunkreet using granulated slag as a fine aggregate.
Moreover, let it be a subject to concrete-fix the above-mentioned contaminated soil.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first invention of the present application is concrete containing cement, granulated slag as fine aggregate, and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate, and the fine aggregate contains fine sludge (75 μm or less) harmful sludge. The concrete is mainly made of industrial waste, characterized in that the space H between the acicular crystals 6 is filled with harmful sludge of fine particles (75 μm or less).
[0005]
The second invention of the present application is a method for producing concrete products containing cement, granulated slag as fine aggregate and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate, and mixing fine sludge (75 μm or less) harmful sludge into the granulated slag. A fine aggregate is manufactured, and fine sludge (75 μm or less) of harmful sludge is adhered to the surface of the granulated slag, so that the space H between the needle-like crystals 6 on the surface of the granulated slag is reduced to a fine fraction ( A fine aggregate filled with harmful sludge of 75 μm or less), and as fine aggregate, the space H between the needle crystals 6 on the surface of the granulated slag is made of harmful sludge of fine particles (75 μm or less) Provided is a method for producing a concrete product mainly using industrial waste, characterized by using the fine aggregate after being filled.
In addition to the second invention, the third invention of the present application further provides a method for producing a concrete product mainly using industrial waste, characterized by adding harmful sludge as a concrete material.
[0006]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.
[0007]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete product 1 according to the present invention. It is composed of coarse aggregate (gravel / crushed stone) a, fine aggregate (sand) b, and the remaining cement layer c as in general concrete. However, in the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, coarse aggregate a is blast furnace slag 2 and fine aggregate (sand) b is granulated slag 3. In the remaining cement layer c, building-generated sludge (including building-generated soil) 4 is mixed in addition to the cement 5. In addition, in the case where a curing modifier or other additive agent, a metal piece, a polymer compound, an organic binder, and an inorganic binder are included in the material used, they are mixed in the cement layer c.
[0008]
Furthermore, the building-generated sludge 4a of the fine particles (75 μm or less) is attached to the surface of the granulated slag 3.
That is, in the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, the needle crystals 6 protrude from the surface 3a of the granulated slag 3, but the space H between the needle crystals 6 is an architecture of fine particles (75 μm or less). Filled with generated sludge 4.
[0009]
About blast furnace slag 2 and granulated slag 3, granulated slag 2 is made of blast furnace slag 2 made of gravel and crushed stone (coarse aggregate shape) as coarse aggregate of concrete, and is made of sand (fine aggregate shape) as fine aggregate. 3 is formed, and the molten slag is processed by a known technique so that the molten slag becomes a concrete raw material. The molten slag can be applied to blast furnace slag and dust treatment melting furnace slag in addition to pig iron slag in the production of steel. In general, the molten slag is gradually cooled to obtain a blast furnace slag, which is pulverized by adding high-pressure water to produce sand granulated slag 3.
[0010]
Experimental examples of the first invention are shown below.
Experimental example 1
[Table 1]
Figure 0004431765
[0011]
Experimental example 2
[Table 2]
Figure 0004431765
[0012]
Experimental example 3
[Table 3]
Figure 0004431765
[0013]
Experimental Example 4
[Table 4]
Figure 0004431765
[0014]
The above examples show that the concrete strength can be adjusted by adjusting the cement content. It also shows that industrial waste in concrete can be increased to 80%.
[0015]
In the embodiment of the second invention, as hazardous waste sludge of industrial waste containing pollutants, it is possible to detoxify by internal solidification of hazardous materials by concrete as a treatment measure for heavy metal contaminated industrial waste and heavy metal contaminated soil [0016]
In the embodiment of the third invention, the construction generated sludge is sewage treatment sludge.
[0017]
In 4th invention, it replaces with construction generation | occurrence | production sludge in 1st invention, and is set as contaminated soil sludge.
[0018]
Next, the fifth invention will be described.
The concrete materials of the first to fourth inventions described above can be easily implemented using conventional methods in conventional ready-mixed concrete production equipment (mixers).
[0019]
In the embodiment of claim 6, prior to the supply of the fine aggregate b, the finely divided portion (75 μm or less) is supplied by mixing and supplying the granulated slag 3 with the construction generated sludge 4a of the fine particle portion (75 μm or less). ) Of the generated sludge 4a adhering to the surface of the granulated slag 3 is used as a fine aggregate, and the space H between the needle-like crystals 6 is a fine generated (75 μm or less) construction generated sludge. 4 is surely filled and the filling degree is increased.
[0020]
Furthermore, even if construction-generated sludge and construction-generated soil with a fine particle size (75 μm or more) are added to the material used, the fine aggregate b has a fine space (75 μm or less) in the space H between the needle crystals 6. By being reliably filled with the generated sludge 4, a high degree of filling can be maintained even if construction generated sludge, construction generated soil, or the like of fine particles (75 μm or more) is used as the material used. Therefore, it is possible to target a wide range (contaminated particles) of pollutants for solidification treatment of construction-generated sludge, construction-generated soil, and the like.
[0021]
In addition, it goes without saying that the fifth invention can be implemented by applying sewage treatment sludge, contaminated soil sludge, and industrial waste hazardous sludge instead of construction generated sludge.
[0022]
In the present invention, even if granulated slag formed by processing molten slag and steel slag is used as a fine aggregate, the filling degree can be increased and desired concrete strength can be obtained.
Furthermore, construction-generated sludge, sewage treatment sludge, contaminated soil sludge, and hazardous sludge from industrial waste are distributed and distributed in concrete, and harmful sludge of 75 μm or less is integrated with granulated slag. Since it can be fixed inside the concrete product, it is effective for detoxifying these sludges and harmful contaminated soil.
Therefore, when concrete products that have solidified harmful sludge are used as road materials and river construction materials, even if surface removal occurs during use, most of the harmful substances remain solidified and substantially harm the surrounding environment. There is nothing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a concrete product. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a fine aggregate (granulated slag), explaining the main part of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view similar to FIG.
1 Concrete product 2 Blast furnace slag 3 Granulated slag 3a Surface of granulated slag 4 Sludge and hazardous sludge generated in building 5 Cement 6 Needle crystal a Coarse aggregate (gravel and crushed stone)
b Fine aggregate (sand)
c Residual cement layer H Space

Claims (3)

セメントと、細骨材として水砕スラグおよび粗骨材として高炉スラグを含むコンクリートであって、
前記細骨材は、７５μｍ以下の微粒分の有害汚泥が水砕スラグ３の表面に付着して、針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈに７５μｍ以下である有害汚泥の微粒分が充填されていることを特徴とする、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリート。Cement and concrete containing granulated slag as fine aggregate and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate,
In the fine aggregate, harmful sludge of fine particles of 75 μm or less adheres to the surface of the granulated slag 3, and the space H between the needle crystals 6 is filled with fine particles of harmful sludge of 75 μm or less. Concrete that is mainly made from industrial waste. セメントと、細骨材として水砕スラグおよび粗骨材として高炉スラグを含むコンクリート製品の製造方法において、
水砕スラグに７５μｍ以下の微粒分の有害汚泥を混合することで細骨材を製造して、
水砕スラグの表面に、７５μｍ以下である有害汚泥の微粒分を付着させることで、水砕スラグの表面の針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈが７５μｍ以下である有害汚泥の微粒分で充填されている細骨材を製造し、
細骨材として、水砕スラグの表面の針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈが７５μｍ以下である有害汚泥の微粒分で充填されている前記細骨材を使用することを特徴とする、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリート製品の製造方法。In a method for producing cement and concrete products containing granulated slag as fine aggregate and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate,
Fine aggregate is produced by mixing fine sludge of 75 μm or less into granulated slag,
By attaching fine particles of harmful sludge that is 75 μm or less to the surface of the granulated slag, the space H between the needle crystals 6 on the surface of the granulated slag is filled with fine particles of the harmful sludge that is 75 μm or less. Manufactured fine aggregate,
As fine aggregate, characterized by the use of the fine aggregate space H between mutual needles 6 of the surface of the granulated slag is filled with fine fraction of toxic sludge is 75μm or less, mainly A method of manufacturing concrete products using industrial waste. セメントと、細骨材としての水砕スラグおよび粗骨材としての高炉スラグを含むコンクリート製品の製造方法において、
水砕スラグに７５μｍ以下の微粒分の有害汚泥を混合することで細骨材を製造して、
水砕スラグの表面に、７５μｍ以下の微粒分の有害汚泥を付着させることで、水砕スラグの表面の針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈが７５μｍ以下である有害汚泥の微粒分で充填されている細骨材を製造し、
細骨材として、水砕スラグの表面の針状結晶６の相互間の空間Ｈが７５μｍ以下である有害汚泥の微粒分で充填されている前記細骨材を使用するとともに、
さらに、コンクリート材料として有害汚泥を付加することを特徴とする、主として産業廃棄物を利用したコンクリート製品の製造方法。In a method for producing a concrete product including cement, granulated slag as fine aggregate and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate,
Fine aggregate is produced by mixing fine sludge of 75 μm or less into granulated slag,
On the surface of the granulated slag, to deposit a following fine fraction of toxic sludge 75 [mu] m, the space H between mutual needles 6 of the surface of the granulated slag is filled with fine fraction of toxic sludge is 75 [mu] m or less Manufacturing fine aggregates,
As the fine aggregate, using the fine aggregate filled with fine particles of harmful sludge whose space H between the needle-like crystals 6 on the surface of the granulated slag is 75 μm or less ,
Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the concrete product mainly using industrial waste characterized by adding harmful sludge as a concrete material.
JP2001403208A 2001-12-31 2001-12-31 Manufacturing method of concrete and concrete products mainly using industrial waste Expired - Lifetime JP4431765B2 (en)

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