JP4427852B2 - Sliding bearing device - Google Patents

Sliding bearing device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4427852B2
JP4427852B2 JP35629999A JP35629999A JP4427852B2 JP 4427852 B2 JP4427852 B2 JP 4427852B2 JP 35629999 A JP35629999 A JP 35629999A JP 35629999 A JP35629999 A JP 35629999A JP 4427852 B2 JP4427852 B2 JP 4427852B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
support member
sliding
sliding bearing
plate
smooth plate
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JP35629999A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001173719A (en
Inventor
重信 鈴木
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Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は滑り支承装置に係り、特にカバーを有した滑り支承装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
建物や機械設備等を免震構造とするために、平滑板上に滑り支承部材を摺動自在に配設した滑り支承装置が普及しつつある。この滑り支承部材としては、金属板などの硬質板とゴム等の軟質板との積層体の下面にポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）等の低摩擦材層を設けたものが多く用いられている。平滑板としては、通常の場合ステンレス板が用いられている。
【０００３】
このような滑り支承装置においては、地震等の振動時にはＰＴＦＥ材を装着した積層体が、相手材であるステンレス板上を滑り、地震等の振動力が吸収される。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
滑り支承装置の振動吸収（減衰）は滑り支承部材と平滑板との間の摩擦によって生じるのであるが、この摩擦力は、摩擦係数と荷重との積であるから、滑り支承部材に加えられる荷重によって変化する。
【０００５】
このため、従来の滑り支承装置にあっては減衰が荷重の影響を受けて安定した減衰性能を発揮できないことがあった。
【０００６】
本発明は、荷重の大小に全く又は殆ど影響されることなく安定した減衰性能を得ることができる滑り支承装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明（請求項１）の滑り支承装置は、平滑板と、該平滑板上に摺動自在に配置された滑り支承部材とを有する滑り支承装置において、該滑り支承部材として、平滑板との摩擦係数が小である第１の滑り支承部材と、平滑板との摩擦係数が大である第２の滑り支承部材とが配置され、被支承部材の荷重は、第１の滑り支承部材に対しては直接的に加えられ、第２の滑り支承部材に対してはバネ又はゴムよりなる弾性体を介して加えられる滑り支承装置であって、該第１の滑り支承部材は、該第２の滑り支承部材を跨ぐように配置されており、この跨いだ部分と該第２の滑り支承部材との間に該弾性体が介在されており、無負荷時には、該第１の支承部材は該平滑板から距離ｄだけ離隔し、該第２の支承部材は該平滑板に接しており、該支承装置に上方から荷重が加えられると、該第１の支承部材も該平滑板に接し、該第２の支承部材には該弾性体の弾性係数ｋに変位ｄを乗じた荷重が加えられることを特徴とするものである。
【０００８】
かかる滑り支承装置にあっては、被支承部材の荷重は、直接的に第１の滑り支承部材に加えられ、弾性体を介して第２の滑り支承部材に加えられる。載荷時においては、第１の滑り支承部材が平滑板に当接している限り、被支承部材と平滑板との間隔は一定であるから、弾性体の変位量は常に一定であり、弾性体を介して第２の支承部材に加えられる荷重も一定である。従って、減衰は殆ど第２の支承部材と平滑板との間の摩擦によって定まるようになり、減衰特性が荷重の大小にかかわらず概ね一定のものとなる。
【００１０】
本発明（請求項４）の滑り支承装置は、平滑板と、該平滑板上に摺動自在に配置された滑り支承部材とを有する滑り支承装置において、該滑り支承部材として、平滑板との摩擦係数が小である第１の滑り支承部材と、平滑板との摩擦係数が大である第２の滑り支承部材とが配置され、該第１の滑り支承部材及び第２の滑り支承部材の上方に受承板が配置され、該第１の滑り支承部材と該受承板との間に第１のバネが介在し、該第２の滑り支承部材と該受承板との間に、該第１のバネよりも弾性係数が小である第２のバネが介在しており、該第１の滑り支承部材から第１のロッドが上方に突設され、該第１のロッドは該第１のバネを挿通して該受承板に設けられた第１の孔に挿入されており、該第２の滑り支承部材から第２のロッドが上方に突設され、該第２のロッドは該第２のバネを挿通して該受承板に設けられた第２の孔に挿入されていることを特徴とするものである。
【００１１】
かかる滑り支承装置において、載荷時にあっては第１の滑り支承部材に対しては弾性係数の大きな第１のバネを介して荷重が加えられ、第２の滑り支承部材に対しては弾性係数の小さな第２のバネを示して荷重が加えられる。この第１のバネの弾性係数を第２のバネの弾性係数よりも極端に（例えば請求項５のように１０倍以上に）大きくしておくと、荷重の大小にかかわらず平滑板と被支承部材との間隔はあまり変化せず、第２のバネを介して第２の滑り支承部材に加えられる荷重もあまり変化しないものとなる。この結果、第２の滑り支承部材によって発生する摩擦力も荷重の大小にかかわらずさほど変化せず、概ね一定のものとなる。
【００１２】
この場合も、滑り支承装置の減衰は主として第２の滑り支承部材の摩擦力によってもたらされるものであるところから、荷重の大小にかかわらず滑り支承装置の減衰特性は概ね一定となる。
【００１３】
なお、この請求項４の滑り支承装置において、第１の弾性体の弾性係数を実質的に無限大とした場合、請求項１の滑り支承装置に相当したものとなる。
【００１４】
本発明では、第１の滑り支承部材の摩擦係数は第１の滑り支承部材の摩擦係数の２倍以上であることが好ましい。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
【００１７】
図１は本発明の実施の形態に係る滑り支承装置を示す断面図であり、（ａ）図は無負荷時、（ｂ）図は載荷時を示す。
【００１８】
この実施の形態にあっては、コンクリート製等の基礎底盤上に例えばステンレス製の平滑板３が固定設置されている。この平滑板３上に第１及び第２の滑り支承部材１，２が摺動自在に配置されている。第１の滑り支承部材１の底面には摩擦係数が小さい第１の摩擦板１ａが設けられ、第２の滑り支承部材２の底面には摩擦係数が大きい第２の摩擦板２ａが設けられている。
【００１９】
第１の滑り支承部材１は第２の滑り支承部材２を跨ぐように配置され、この跨いだ部分と第２の滑り支承部材２との間に弾性体（この実施の形態ではコイルバネ）４が介在されている。
【００２０】
なお、第１の滑り支承部材は第２の滑り支承部材を跨ぐコ字形であってもよいが、底面の中央に凹穴（この凹穴内に第２の支承部材が収容される。）を有した形状のものなどであってもよい。摩擦板の面積にもよるが、第２の摩擦板２ａの摩擦係数は第１の摩擦板１ａの摩擦係数の例えば２〜１０倍程度とされる。
【００２１】
このように構成された滑り支承装置にあっては、図１（ａ）の通り、無負荷時には第１の支承部材１は平滑板３から距離ｄだけ離隔している。第２の支承部材２は平滑板３に接している。荷重Ｐが加えられると、図１（ｂ）の通り第１の支承部材１も平滑板３に接し、第２の支承部材２には弾性体４の弾性係数ｋに変位ｄを乗じた荷重Ｐｃ（図示略）が加えられる。
【００２２】
第１の支承部材１が平滑板３に接している限りは、ｄが一定であるから、載荷荷重Ｐの大小に関わらず、第２の支承部材２に加えられる荷重Ｐｃは一定である。
【００２３】
従って、この第２の支承部材２はその摩擦係数と荷重Ｐｃとの積よりなる一定の摩擦力（減衰）Ｆ2を発生する。
【００２４】
第１の支承部材１は、その摩擦係数と荷重Ｐとの積よりなる摩擦力Ｆ1を発生する。この摩擦力Ｆ1は荷重Ｐの大小に比例することになるが、第１の支承部材１の摩擦係数を第２の支承部材２の摩擦係数よりも著しく小さくしておくことにより、合計の摩擦力Ｆ＝Ｆ1＋Ｆ2は常にほぼＦ2に等しい一定のものとなる。
【００２５】
従って、この図１の滑り支承装置は常にほぼ一定の減衰特性を示すことになる。
【００２６】
図２は別の実施の形態に係る滑り支承装置の断面図である。
【００２７】
この実施の形態では、共通の受承板１０と平滑板３との間に第１の滑り支承部材６及び第２の滑り支承部材７が配置され、支承部材６と受承板１０との間に弾性体８が介在され、支承部材７と受承板１０との間に弾性体９が介在されている。弾性体８，９は、この実施の形態ではコイルバネよりなる。
【００２８】
第２の支承部材の底面の摩擦板７ａの摩擦係数は第１の支承部材の底面の摩擦板６ａの摩擦係数の例えば２〜１０倍程度とされている。弾性体８の弾性係数ｋ1は弾性体１の弾性係数ｋ2の１０〜１００倍程度とされている。
【００２９】
なお、弾性体８，９の座屈を防ぐために、支承部材６，７から上方に突設されたロッド１２が受承板１０の孔１１に挿入されている。
【００３０】
このように構成された滑り支承装置に荷重Ｐが加えられた場合、受承板１０は若干下降するが、弾性体８の弾性係数ｋ1が大きいのでこの変位量はきわめて小さく、弾性体９を介して滑り支承部材７に加えられる荷重は殆ど変化しない。そして、この滑り支承装置が発生する摩擦力（減衰）はその大半が支承部材７の摩擦板７ａと平滑板３との摩擦によって生じるものであるから、支承部材７に加えられる荷重が略Ｐの大小に関らず略一定である。結果、この減衰もＰの大小に関らず略一定となる。
【００３１】
なお、上記実施の形態は本発明の一例であり、支承部材の数や形状は図示のものに限定されないことは明らかである。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
以上の通り、本発明によると、荷重の大小に全く又は殆ど影響されることなく安定した減衰性能を得ることができる滑り支承装置が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】実施の形態に係る滑り支承装置の断面図である。
【図２】別の実施の形態に係る滑り支承装置の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１，６ 第１の滑り支承部材
２，７ 第２の滑り支承部材
３ 平滑板
４，８，９ 弾性体
１ａ，２ａ，６ａ，７ａ 摩擦板[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sliding bearing device, and more particularly to a sliding bearing device having a cover.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to make buildings and mechanical facilities seismic isolation structures, sliding bearing devices in which sliding bearing members are slidably disposed on a smooth plate are becoming widespread. As this sliding support member, a member in which a low friction material layer such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is provided on the lower surface of a laminate of a hard plate such as a metal plate and a soft plate such as rubber is often used. As the smooth plate, a stainless steel plate is usually used.
[0003]
In such a sliding support device, the laminated body on which the PTFE material is mounted slides on the counterpart stainless steel plate during vibration such as an earthquake, and the vibration force such as an earthquake is absorbed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The vibration absorption (damping) of the sliding bearing device is caused by the friction between the sliding bearing member and the smooth plate. This frictional force is the product of the coefficient of friction and the load. It depends on.
[0005]
For this reason, in the conventional sliding bearing device, there is a case where the damping is affected by the load and the stable damping performance cannot be exhibited.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing device that can obtain a stable damping performance without being influenced by the magnitude of a load at all or almost.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The sliding bearing device of the present invention (Claim 1) is a sliding bearing device having a smooth plate and a sliding bearing member slidably disposed on the smooth plate. A first sliding bearing member having a small friction coefficient and a second sliding bearing member having a large friction coefficient with the smooth plate are disposed, and the load of the supported member is relative to the first sliding bearing member. A sliding bearing device applied directly to the second sliding bearing member via an elastic body made of a spring or rubber , wherein the first sliding bearing member comprises the second sliding bearing member. It is arranged so as to straddle the sliding support member, and the elastic body is interposed between the straddling portion and the second sliding support member, and when there is no load, the first support member is A distance d from the plate, and the second support member is in contact with the smooth plate, Wherein when a load from above is added, the first bearing member is also in contact with the smooth plate, that the supporting member of the second applied load multiplied by the displacement d in the modulus k of the elastic body It is what.
[0008]
In such a sliding bearing device, the load of the supported member is directly applied to the first sliding bearing member, and is applied to the second sliding bearing member via the elastic body. At the time of loading, as long as the first sliding support member is in contact with the smooth plate, the distance between the supported member and the smooth plate is constant, so the amount of displacement of the elastic body is always constant, The load applied to the second support member via the through hole is also constant. Accordingly, the damping is almost determined by the friction between the second support member and the smooth plate, and the damping characteristic becomes substantially constant regardless of the magnitude of the load.
[0010]
The sliding bearing device of the present invention (Claim 4) is a sliding bearing device having a smooth plate and a sliding bearing member slidably disposed on the smooth plate. A first sliding bearing member having a small friction coefficient and a second sliding bearing member having a large friction coefficient with the smooth plate are disposed, and the first sliding bearing member and the second sliding bearing member are arranged . A receiving plate is disposed above, a first spring is interposed between the first sliding support member and the receiving plate, and between the second sliding support member and the receiving plate, A second spring having a smaller elastic coefficient than that of the first spring is interposed, and a first rod projects upward from the first sliding support member, and the first rod is 1 is inserted into a first hole provided in the receiving plate, and the second rod protrudes upward from the second sliding support member. Is, the second rod is characterized in that it is inserted into a second hole provided on the receiving Uketamawaita inserted through the second spring.
[0011]
In such a sliding bearing device, during loading, a load is applied to the first sliding bearing member via the first spring having a large elastic coefficient, and the elastic coefficient is applied to the second sliding bearing member. A load is applied indicating a small second spring . When the elastic modulus of the first spring keep extremely (e.g. as 10-fold or more of claims 5) larger than the elastic coefficient of the second spring, the smoothing plate and the supported regardless of the magnitude of the load The distance from the member does not change so much, and the load applied to the second sliding support member via the second spring does not change so much. As a result, the frictional force generated by the second sliding support member does not change so much regardless of the magnitude of the load, and becomes substantially constant.
[0012]
Also in this case, since the damping of the sliding bearing device is mainly caused by the frictional force of the second sliding bearing member, the damping characteristics of the sliding bearing device are substantially constant regardless of the magnitude of the load.
[0013]
In the sliding support device according to claim 4, when the elastic coefficient of the first elastic body is substantially infinite, it corresponds to the sliding support device according to claim 1.
[0014]
In the present invention, the friction coefficient of the first sliding support member is preferably twice or more than the friction coefficient of the first sliding support member.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a sliding bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) shows no load, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a loaded state.
[0018]
In this embodiment, a smooth plate 3 made of, for example, stainless steel is fixedly installed on a foundation bottom plate made of concrete or the like. First and second sliding bearing members 1 and 2 are slidably disposed on the smooth plate 3. A first friction plate 1 a having a small friction coefficient is provided on the bottom surface of the first sliding support member 1, and a second friction plate 2 a having a large friction coefficient is provided on the bottom surface of the second sliding support member 2. Yes.
[0019]
The first sliding bearing member 1 is disposed so as to straddle the second sliding bearing member 2, and an elastic body (in this embodiment, a coil spring) 4 is interposed between the straddled portion and the second sliding bearing member 2. Intervened.
[0020]
The first sliding support member may be U-shaped across the second sliding support member, but has a concave hole in the center of the bottom surface (the second supporting member is accommodated in the concave hole). The thing of the shape which was made may be sufficient. Although depending on the area of the friction plate, the friction coefficient of the second friction plate 2a is, for example, about 2 to 10 times the friction coefficient of the first friction plate 1a.
[0021]
In the sliding support device configured as described above, the first support member 1 is separated from the smooth plate 3 by a distance d when there is no load, as shown in FIG. The second support member 2 is in contact with the smooth plate 3. When the load P is applied, the first support member 1 also contacts the smooth plate 3 as shown in FIG. 1B, and the second support member 2 has a load Pc obtained by multiplying the elastic coefficient k of the elastic body 4 by the displacement d. (Not shown) is added.
[0022]
Since d is constant as long as the first support member 1 is in contact with the smooth plate 3, the load Pc applied to the second support member 2 is constant regardless of the magnitude of the load P.
[0023]
Accordingly, the second support member 2 generates a constant frictional force (attenuation) F 2 formed by the product of the friction coefficient and the load Pc.
[0024]
The first support member 1 generates a frictional force F 1 that is the product of the friction coefficient and the load P. This friction force F 1 is proportional to the magnitude of the load P. However, by making the friction coefficient of the first support member 1 significantly smaller than the friction coefficient of the second support member 2, the total friction is obtained. The force F = F 1 + F 2 is always constant and is approximately equal to F 2 .
[0025]
Therefore, the sliding bearing device of FIG. 1 always exhibits a substantially constant damping characteristic.
[0026]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding bearing device according to another embodiment.
[0027]
In this embodiment, the first sliding support member 6 and the second sliding support member 7 are disposed between the common receiving plate 10 and the smooth plate 3, and the space between the supporting member 6 and the receiving plate 10 is the same. The elastic body 8 is interposed between the support member 7 and the receiving plate 10. In this embodiment, the elastic bodies 8 and 9 are coil springs.
[0028]
The friction coefficient of the friction plate 7a on the bottom surface of the second support member is, for example, about 2 to 10 times the friction coefficient of the friction plate 6a on the bottom surface of the first support member. The elastic coefficient k 1 of the elastic body 8 is about 10 to 100 times the elastic coefficient k 2 of the elastic body 1.
[0029]
In order to prevent buckling of the elastic bodies 8, 9, a rod 12 protruding upward from the support members 6, 7 is inserted into the hole 11 of the receiving plate 10.
[0030]
When a load P is applied to the sliding bearing device configured as described above, the receiving plate 10 is slightly lowered. However, since the elastic coefficient k 1 of the elastic body 8 is large, the amount of displacement is extremely small. The load applied to the sliding support member 7 through the through hole hardly changes. Since most of the frictional force (damping) generated by the sliding bearing device is generated by the friction between the friction plate 7a of the bearing member 7 and the smooth plate 3, the load applied to the bearing member 7 is substantially P. It is almost constant regardless of size. As a result, this attenuation is substantially constant regardless of the magnitude of P.
[0031]
In addition, the said embodiment is an example of this invention, and it is clear that the number and shape of a supporting member are not limited to the thing of illustration.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a sliding bearing device capable of obtaining a stable damping performance without being influenced at all or almost by the magnitude of the load.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding bearing device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding bearing device according to another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,6 1st sliding support member 2,7 2nd sliding support member 3 Smooth plate 4,8,9 Elastic body 1a, 2a, 6a, 7a Friction plate

Claims (6)

平滑板と、該平滑板上に摺動自在に配置された滑り支承部材とを有する滑り支承装置において、
該滑り支承部材として、平滑板との摩擦係数が小である第１の滑り支承部材と、平滑板との摩擦係数が大である第２の滑り支承部材とが配置され、
被支承部材の荷重は、第１の滑り支承部材に対しては直接的に加えられ、第２の滑り支承部材に対してはバネ又はゴムよりなる弾性体を介して加えられる滑り支承装置であって、
該第１の滑り支承部材は、該第２の滑り支承部材を跨ぐように配置されており、この跨いだ部分と該第２の滑り支承部材との間に該弾性体が介在されており、
無負荷時には、該第１の支承部材は該平滑板から距離ｄだけ離隔し、該第２の支承部材は該平滑板に接しており、
該支承装置に上方から荷重が加えられると、該第１の支承部材も該平滑板に接し、該第２の支承部材には該弾性体の弾性係数ｋに変位ｄを乗じた荷重が加えられることを特徴とする滑り支承装置。In a sliding bearing device having a smooth plate and a sliding bearing member slidably disposed on the smooth plate,
As the sliding support member, a first sliding support member having a small friction coefficient with the smooth plate and a second sliding support member having a large friction coefficient with the smooth plate are arranged,
Load of the bearing member is directly applied for the first sliding bearing element, for the second sliding bearing member was in sliding bearings device applied through the elastic body made of a spring or rubber And
The first sliding support member is disposed so as to straddle the second sliding support member, and the elastic body is interposed between the straddled portion and the second sliding support member,
When there is no load, the first support member is separated from the smooth plate by a distance d, and the second support member is in contact with the smooth plate,
When a load is applied to the support device from above, the first support member also comes into contact with the smooth plate, and a load obtained by multiplying the elastic coefficient k of the elastic body by the displacement d is applied to the second support member. A sliding bearing device characterized by that. 請求項１において、前記第１の滑り支承部材は、前記第２の滑り支承部材を跨いで該第２の滑り支承部材の両側に配置されるコ字形であることを特徴とする滑り支承装置。2. The sliding bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the first sliding bearing member is U-shaped and disposed on both sides of the second sliding bearing member across the second sliding bearing member. 請求項１において、前記第１の滑り支承部材は、前記第２の支承部材が収容される凹穴を底面に有した形状であることを特徴とする滑り支承装置。2. The sliding bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the first sliding bearing member has a concave hole in the bottom surface in which the second bearing member is accommodated. 平滑板と、該平滑板上に摺動自在に配置された滑り支承部材とを有する滑り支承装置において、
該滑り支承部材として、平滑板との摩擦係数が小である第１の滑り支承部材と、平滑板との摩擦係数が大である第２の滑り支承部材とが配置され、
該第１の滑り支承部材及び第２の滑り支承部材の上方に受承板が配置され、
該第１の滑り支承部材と該受承板との間に第１のバネが介在し、該第２の滑り支承部材と該受承板との間に、該第１のバネよりも弾性係数が小である第２のバネが介在しており、
該第１の滑り支承部材から第１のロッドが上方に突設され、該第１のロッドは該第１のバネを挿通して該受承板に設けられた第１の孔に挿入されており、
該第２の滑り支承部材から第２のロッドが上方に突設され、該第２のロッドは該第２のバネを挿通して該受承板に設けられた第２の孔に挿入されていることを特徴とする滑り支承装置。In a sliding bearing device having a smooth plate and a sliding bearing member slidably disposed on the smooth plate,
As the sliding support member, a first sliding support member having a small friction coefficient with the smooth plate and a second sliding support member having a large friction coefficient with the smooth plate are arranged,
A receiving plate is disposed above the first sliding support member and the second sliding support member;
A first spring is interposed between the first sliding support member and the receiving plate, and an elastic coefficient is larger than that of the first spring between the second sliding support member and the receiving plate. There is a second spring that is small,
A first rod protrudes upward from the first sliding support member, and the first rod is inserted into the first hole provided in the receiving plate through the first spring. And
A second rod protrudes upward from the second sliding support member, and the second rod is inserted into a second hole provided in the receiving plate through the second spring. sliding bearing apparatus characterized by there. 請求項４において、第１の弾性体の弾性係数は第２の弾性体の弾性係数の１０倍以上であることを特徴とする滑り支承装置。  5. The sliding bearing device according to claim 4, wherein an elastic coefficient of the first elastic body is 10 times or more of an elastic coefficient of the second elastic body. 請求項１ないし５のいずれか１項において、第２の滑り支承部材の摩擦係数は第１の滑り支承部材の摩擦係数の２倍以上であることを特徴とする滑り支承装置。  6. The sliding bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the friction coefficient of the second sliding bearing member is at least twice that of the first sliding bearing member.
JP35629999A 1999-12-15 1999-12-15 Sliding bearing device Expired - Lifetime JP4427852B2 (en)

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