JP4396315B2 - Switching power supply - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は負荷の起動時に流れる突入電流を検出して制御するスイッチング電源装置に係り、特にトランスの一次側および二次側で突入電流を制御し、負荷を駆動するスイッチング電源装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a switching power supply apparatus that detects and controls an inrush current that flows when a load is started, and more particularly to a switching power supply apparatus that controls an inrush current on a primary side and a secondary side of a transformer to drive a load.
一般的に、シリーズ電源装置やスイッチング電源装置等の電源装置は、そのほとんどのものが負荷側に過電流が流れた場合に、装置内部の部品が過電流によるストレスや発熱で損傷または破壊され、電源としての機能を失ったり、ダメージを受けないようにするため、過電流を抑制し、過電流状態が継続する場合には電流を停止する過電流防止回路が用いられている。 In general, power supply devices such as series power supply devices and switching power supply devices are mostly damaged or destroyed due to overcurrent stress or heat when overcurrent flows to the load side. In order to prevent the function as a power source from being lost or damaged, an overcurrent prevention circuit that suppresses overcurrent and stops the current when the overcurrent state continues is used.
従来のスイッチング電源装置は、「特許文献１」（過負荷時保護機能付きスイッチング電源装置）に開示されているように、電源出力側に、出力電圧低下検出回路を備え、入力側の制御ＩＣの前段に、コンデンサ電圧低下検出回路と、フォトトランジスタと、信号遅延回路と、出力電圧低下ラッチ回路とを備え、出力電圧の低下を検出し、出力電圧の低下に伴う過電流状態をフォトトランジスタで検出し、過電流検出後に所定時間を経過してから制御ＩＣへの制御ＩＣ電源用コンデンサの電源を遮断し、制御ＩＣの動作を停止して発振を停止させて過電流を防止し、制御ＩＣを停止してから予め設定された一定時間が経過すると、自動的に制御ＩＣ電源用コンデンサから制御ＩＣに電源を供給して起動させるように構成されている。
従来のスイッチング電源装置は、過電流が流れた場合には電源出力を停止し、過電流状態が解消した場合には再起動するが、駆動する負荷が容量性で、多くの負荷を同時に駆動するような場合には、負荷全体に流れる定常電流はスイッチング電源装置の定格電流を下回るが、負荷起動時に容量性に起因し、定格電流を超えた過大な突入電流が流れる過渡的な現象が発生する。 The conventional switching power supply device stops the power supply output when an overcurrent flows and restarts when the overcurrent condition is resolved, but the driving load is capacitive and drives many loads simultaneously. In such a case, the steady-state current that flows through the entire load is lower than the rated current of the switching power supply unit. However, a transient phenomenon occurs in which an excessive inrush current exceeding the rated current flows due to the capacity at the start of the load. .
容量性の負荷に流れる突入電流は、容量が充電するまでの短い時間であるが、スイッチング電源の定格電流を充分オーバする場合がある。 The inrush current flowing through the capacitive load is a short time until the capacity is charged, but may sufficiently exceed the rated current of the switching power supply.
従来のスイッチング電源装置は、突入電流が流れると、過負荷と判断して電源出力を停止して突入電流を停止させるが、突入電流が停止して一定時間が経過すると、再度電源を起動して電源出力を負荷に供給することになる。 In the conventional switching power supply, when an inrush current flows, it is judged as an overload and the power output is stopped to stop the inrush current. When the inrush current stops and a certain time elapses, the power supply is started again. The power output is supplied to the load.
電源が再起動した時点で、電源停止時点の突入電流によって負荷の容量に充分充電されているケースでは、負荷に流れる電流が初めには多いが、次第に少なくなって定常電流となり、スイッチング電源装置も正常に動作するが、電源停止中に負荷の容量に充電された電荷が放電されたケースでは、電源の再起動によって負荷に再度突入電流が流れ、電源出力の停止→電源の起動のハンチング現象を繰り返し、電源が正常に動作しなくなる虞がある。 When the power supply is restarted, in the case where the load capacity is sufficiently charged by the inrush current at the time of the power supply stop, the current flowing through the load is large at first, but gradually decreases and becomes a steady current. In the case of normal operation, but when the charge charged in the load capacity is discharged while the power supply is stopped, the inrush current flows again to the load when the power supply is restarted. Repeatedly, the power supply may not operate normally.
負荷の突入電流に対応するためには、定格電流が突入電流を上回るスイッチング電源装置を用いることで解消できるが、不必要に定格電流（パワー）の大きなものが必要となる課題がある。 In order to cope with the inrush current of the load, it can be solved by using a switching power supply device whose rated current exceeds the inrush current, but there is a problem that an unnecessarily large rated current (power) is required.
また、リレー等のスイッチを用いて多くの負荷を順番にスイッチング電源装置に接続し、個々の負荷に流れる突入電流が定格電流を越えないようにすることもできるが、スイッチを順番に動作する付加的な装置が必要となったり、負荷を接続する作業が煩わしくなる課題が発生する。 In addition, many loads can be connected to the switching power supply in turn using a switch such as a relay so that the inrush current flowing through each load does not exceed the rated current. A problem arises in that a troublesome device is required and the work of connecting the load becomes troublesome.
この発明はこのような課題を解決するためになされたもので、その目的はスイッチング電源の一次側および二次側に、それぞれ電流−電圧特性ならびに動作開始時間の異なる過電流防止手段を採用し、負荷の突入電流を停止しない範疇で制御するスイッチング電源装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and its purpose is to employ overcurrent prevention means having different current-voltage characteristics and operation start times on the primary side and the secondary side of the switching power supply, An object of the present invention is to provide a switching power supply device that controls the inrush current of a load in a range that does not stop.
前記課題を解決するためこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、絶縁トランスの二次側から一次側にフォトカプラなどの絶縁素子を介して帰還をかけ、直流電源出力の安定化を図るスイッチング電源装置において、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備え、且つ、前記過電流防止手段は、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、前記一次側電流制御手段と前記二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段とを備え、更に、前記シーケンス手段が、負荷電流の増加に対して、初めに前記一次側電流制御手段を動作させ、続いて前記二次側電流制御手段を動作させるように、出力電流を検出する突入電流検出手段と、前記突入電流検出手段が検出した電流に応じて前記二次側電流制御手段の動作開始時間を設定するタイマ手段と、を備えて構成されていることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a switching power supply according to the present invention is a switching power supply that stabilizes a DC power output by applying feedback from an insulation element such as a photocoupler from the secondary side to the primary side of an insulation transformer. In addition, an inrush current flowing through the load is detected and controlled on the primary side, and also detected and controlled on the secondary side, and overcurrent prevention means for executing primary side detection / control and secondary side detection / control in a predetermined order And the overcurrent prevention means detects primary current control means for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and detects and controls the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. A secondary current control means; and a sequence means for defining an operation order of the primary current control means and the secondary current control means, and the sequence means further increases the load current. In response to the current detected by the inrush current detecting means, the inrush current detecting means for detecting the output current so that the primary side current control means is operated and then the secondary current control means is operated. Timer means for setting an operation start time of the secondary side current control means .
この発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備えたので、突入電流の流れる短い期間だけ、電源出力を停止させないで、電源出力電圧を低下させながら定格電流以上の突入電流を流し、突入電流の時間が長い場合には電源出力を停止することができる。 The switching power supply according to the present invention detects and controls the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and also detects and controls on the secondary side, and performs primary side detection and control and secondary side detection and control in a predetermined order. When the inrush current exceeds the rated current and the inrush current exceeds the rated current while reducing the power output voltage for a short period when the inrush current flows, the inrush current exceeds the rated current, and the inrush current time is long. The power output can be stopped.
また、この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、一次側電流制御手段と二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段とを備えたので、一次側電流制御手段と二次側電流制御手段の動作ならびに動作順序により、突入電流が定格電流をオーバしても電源を継続して負荷に供給するとともに、突入電流の継続時間が長い場合には電源を停止することができる。 Further, the overcurrent prevention means according to the present invention includes a primary side current control means for detecting and controlling an inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and a secondary for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Side current control means, and sequence means for defining the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means, so depending on the operation and the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means. Even if the inrush current exceeds the rated current, the power supply can be continuously supplied to the load, and the power supply can be stopped when the inrush current duration is long .
この発明に係るシーケンス手段は、負荷電流の増加に対して、初めに一次側電流制御手段を動作させ、続いて二次側電流制御手段を動作させるので、負荷の突入電流に対応して一次側電流制御手段を動作させて定格電流を越える電流を流し、一次側電流制御手段で定格電流を越える電流が一定期間続く場合には、二次側電流制御手段を動作させて電源を停止することができる。 In the sequence means according to the present invention, the primary side current control means is operated first and then the secondary side current control means is operated in response to the increase in load current, so that the primary side corresponds to the inrush current of the load. If the current control means is operated to pass a current exceeding the rated current, and the current exceeding the rated current continues for a certain period of time on the primary side current control means, the secondary side current control means may be operated to stop the power supply. it can.
この発明に係るシーケンス手段は、出力電流を検出する突入電流検出手段と、突入電流検出手段が検出した電流に応じて二次側電流制御手段の動作開始時間を設定するタイマ手段とを備えたので、二次側電流制御手段の動作開始時間を自由に設定して突入電流に対応することができる。 Sequencing means according to the invention this is provided a rush current detecting means for detecting an output current, and a timer means for setting an operation start time of the secondary-side current control means according to the current rush current detecting means has detected since, Ru can correspond to the inrush current to freely set the operation start time of the secondary-side current control means.
また、前記課題を解決するためこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、絶縁トランスの二次側から一次側にフォトカプラなどの絶縁素子を介して帰還をかけ、直流電源出力の安定化を図るスイッチング電源装置において、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備え、且つ、前記過電流防止手段は、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、前記一次側電流制御手段と前記二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段と、装置の温度上昇に応じて前記一次側電流制御手段および前記二次側電流制御手段の動作を早める温度補正手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, a switching power supply according to the present invention provides a switching power supply that stabilizes the DC power supply output by applying feedback from the secondary side to the primary side of the insulating transformer via an insulating element such as a photocoupler. In the device, inrush current flowing in the load is detected and controlled on the primary side, and also detected and controlled on the secondary side, and primary current detection and control and secondary side detection and control are executed in a predetermined order to prevent overcurrent And the overcurrent prevention means detects and controls the primary side current control means for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side and the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Secondary side current control means, sequence means for defining the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means, and the primary side current control means and the front side according to the temperature rise of the apparatus A temperature correction means for advancing the operation of the secondary-side current control means, you comprising the.
この発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備えたので、突入電流の流れる短い期間だけ、電源出力を停止させないで、電源出力電圧を低下させながら定格電流以上の突入電流を流し、突入電流の時間が長い場合には電源出力を停止することができる。 Switching power supply device according to this invention is to control by detecting the inrush current flowing in the load on the primary side, detects and controls in the secondary side, a predetermined primary side detection and control and the secondary-side detection and control With overcurrent prevention means executed in order, the power supply output is not stopped for a short period of time when the inrush current flows, and the inrush current exceeding the rated current is allowed to flow while lowering the power output voltage, and the inrush current time is long. Ru can stop the power output in the case.
この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、一次側電流制御手段と二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段とを備えたので、一次側電流制御手段と二次側電流制御手段の動作ならびに動作順序により、突入電流が定格電流をオーバーしても電源を継続して負荷に供給するとともに、突入電流の継続時間が長い場合には電源を停止することができる。 The overcurrent prevention means according to the present invention includes a primary side current control means for detecting and controlling an inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and a secondary side current for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Since the control means, and the sequence means for defining the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means, the rushing is performed according to the operation and the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means. Even if the current exceeds the rated current, the power supply can be continuously supplied to the load, and the power supply can be stopped when the duration of the inrush current is long .
この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、装置の温度上昇に応じて一次側電流制御手段および二次側電流制御手段の動作を早める温度補正手段を備えたので、装置温度が上昇すると、一次側電流制御手段および二次側電流制御手段の動作ポイントを突入電流や過大電流に対して低く設定することができる。 Overcurrent protection means according to the invention this is because with a temperature correction means for advancing the operation of the primary-side current control means and the secondary-side current control means in accordance with the temperature increase of the device, the device temperature rises, the primary side current Ru can be set lower operating point of the control means and the secondary-side current control means with respect to the inrush current or excessive current.
さらに、この発明に係る一次側電流制御手段は、負荷電流の増加に応じて電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備えたことを特徴とする。 Furthermore, the primary-side current control means according to the present invention, the current reduces the voltage in response to the increase of the load current - you comprising the voltage characteristic.
この発明に係る一次側電流制御手段は、負荷電流の増加に応じて電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備えたので、負荷の突入電流に対応して定格電流以上の電流を電源出力電圧を低下させながら流すことができる。 Primary-side current control means according to the invention of this, the current reduces the voltage in response to the increase of the load current - since with a voltage characteristic, a power supply output voltage or more current rated current corresponding to the load of the inrush current Ru can be made to flow while reducing.
また、この発明に係る二次側電流制御手段は、負荷電流の増加が一定値に達すると電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備えたことを特徴とする。 The secondary-side current control means according to the present invention, the load current increases the current to lower the voltage reaches a certain value - you comprising the voltage characteristic.
この発明に係る二次側電流制御手段は、負荷電流の増加が一定値に達すると電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備えたので、負荷の突入電流が大きく、長い時間継続する場合には、電源を停止することができる。 Secondary current control means according to the invention this is an increase in the load current is a current to lower the voltage reaches a certain value - because with a voltage characteristic when the load of the rush current is large, to continue a long time , Ru it is possible to stop the power supply.
また、この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、電源の再起動を早める再起動補正手段を備えたことを特徴とする。 The overcurrent prevention means according to the present invention is characterized by comprising restart correction means for speeding up restart of the power supply.
この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、電源の再起動を早める再起動補正手段を備えたので、突入流により電源が停止した状態から電源の復旧を早めることができる。 Since the overcurrent prevention means according to the present invention includes the restart correction means for speeding up the restart of the power supply, it is possible to speed up the recovery of the power supply from the state where the power supply is stopped due to the inrush flow.
この発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備えたので、突入電流の流れる短い期間だけ、電源出力を停止させないで、電源出力電圧を低下させながら定格電流以上の突入電流を流すことができ、過電流を検出して制御し、突入電流に対応して電源を動作させ、性能アップを図ることができる。 The switching power supply according to the present invention detects and controls the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and also detects and controls on the secondary side, and performs primary side detection and control and secondary side detection and control in a predetermined order. Since the overcurrent prevention means is implemented, the power supply output is not stopped for a short period of time when the inrush current flows. Thus, the power supply can be operated in response to the inrush current to improve the performance.
また、この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、一次側電流制御手段と二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段とを備えたので、一次側電流制御手段と二次側電流制御手段の動作ならびに動作順序により、突入電流が定格電流をオーバしても電源を継続して負荷に供給するとともに、突入電流の継続時間が長い場合には電源を停止することができ、突入電流が流れる負荷の駆動ならびに電源の保護を実現することができる。 Further, the overcurrent prevention means according to the present invention includes a primary side current control means for detecting and controlling an inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and a secondary for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Side current control means, and sequence means for defining the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means, so depending on the operation and the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means. Even if the inrush current exceeds the rated current, the power supply is continuously supplied to the load, and if the inrush current has a long duration, the power supply can be stopped, and the drive of the load through which the inrush current flows and the power supply Protection can be realized.
さらに、この発明に係る一次側電流制御手段は、負荷電流の増加に応じて電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備えたので、負荷の突入電流に対応して定格電流以上の電流を電源出力電圧を低下させながら流すことができ、短い時間の大きな突入電流の負荷であっても電源を停止することなく、負荷を駆動することができる。 Furthermore, since the primary side current control means according to the present invention has a current-voltage characteristic that reduces the voltage in accordance with an increase in the load current, a current equal to or higher than the rated current corresponding to the inrush current of the load is supplied. The load can be driven without stopping the power supply even if the load is a large inrush current for a short time.
また、この発明に係る二次側電流制御手段は、負荷電流の増加が一定値に達すると電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備えたので、負荷の突入電流が大きく、長い時間継続する場合には、電源を停止することができ、大きな突入電流または過電流から電源を保護することができる。 Further, the secondary side current control means according to the present invention has a current-voltage characteristic that reduces the voltage when the increase in the load current reaches a certain value, so that the inrush current of the load is large and it continues for a long time. Can stop the power supply and protect the power supply from a large inrush current or overcurrent.
さらに、この発明に係るシーケンス手段は、負荷電流の増加に対して、初めに一次側電流制御手段を動作させ、続いて二次側電流制御手段を動作させるので、負荷の突入電流に対応して一次側電流制御手段を動作させて定格電流を越える電流を流し、一次側電流制御手段で定格電流を越える電流が一定期間続く場合には、二次側電流制御手段を動作させて電源を停止することができ、容量性の負荷に流れる短時間の過渡的な突入電流に対しては、定格電流を越える電流を流して負荷を正常に駆動することができる。 Furthermore, since the sequence means according to the present invention first operates the primary side current control means and then operates the secondary side current control means in response to an increase in load current, it corresponds to the inrush current of the load. When the primary side current control means is operated to pass a current exceeding the rated current, and when the primary side current control means exceeds the rated current for a certain period of time, the secondary side current control means is operated to stop the power supply. For a short-time transient inrush current flowing through the capacitive load, the load can be driven normally by passing a current exceeding the rated current.
また、この発明に係るシーケンス手段は、二次側電流制御手段の動作を一次側電流制御手段よりも所定時間だけ遅らせる遅延手段を備えたので、一次側電流制御手段を用いて負荷の突入電流に対応するとともに、二次側電流制御手段を用いて過大電流と見なされる突入電流に対して電源を制限または停止することができ、突入電流の負荷を駆動し、過大電流から電源を保護することができる。 Further, the sequence means according to the present invention includes delay means for delaying the operation of the secondary side current control means by a predetermined time from the primary side current control means, so that the primary side current control means is used to adjust the inrush current of the load. In addition, the secondary side current control means can be used to limit or stop the power supply against inrush currents that are considered excessive currents, driving inrush current loads and protecting the power supply from excessive currents. it can.
さらに、この発明に係るシーケンス手段は、出力電流を検出する突入電流検出手段と、突入電流検出手段が検出した電流に応じて二次側電流制御手段の動作開始時間を設定するタイマ手段とを備えたので、二次側電流制御手段の動作開始時間を自由に設定して突入電流に対応することができ、突入電流に最大限対応して電源を保護することができる。 Further, the sequence means according to the present invention comprises inrush current detecting means for detecting the output current, and timer means for setting the operation start time of the secondary side current control means in accordance with the current detected by the inrush current detecting means. Therefore, the operation start time of the secondary side current control means can be freely set to cope with the inrush current, and the power supply can be protected in response to the inrush current to the maximum extent.
また、この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、装置の温度上昇に応じて一次側電流制御手段および二次側電流制御手段の動作を早める温度補正手段を備えたので、装置温度が上昇すると、一次側電流制御手段および二次側電流制御手段の動作ポイントを突入電流や過大電流に対して低く設定することができ、電源の熱破壊を回避することができる。 Further, since the overcurrent preventing means according to the present invention includes the temperature correcting means for accelerating the operation of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means in accordance with the temperature rise of the apparatus, when the apparatus temperature rises, The operating points of the side current control means and the secondary side current control means can be set lower than the inrush current and the excessive current, and the power supply can be prevented from being destroyed by heat.
さらに、この発明に係る過電流防止手段は、電源の再起動を早める再起動補正手段を備えたので、過電流により電源が停止した状態から電源の復旧を早めることができ、電源の再起動を迅速にして性能アップを図ることができる。 Furthermore, since the overcurrent prevention means according to the present invention includes the restart correction means for speeding up the restart of the power supply, it is possible to speed up the recovery of the power supply from the state where the power supply is stopped due to the overcurrent, and to restart the power supply. The performance can be improved quickly.
以下、この発明の実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図１はこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置の実施の形態基本構成図である。図１において、スイッチング電源装置１は、ノイズフィルタ２、整流・平滑回路３、トランスＴ、ドライブ制御回路４、ＭＯＳＦＥＴ−Ｑ１、整流・平滑回路５、電圧検出回路６、フォトカプラＰＨ１および過電流防止手段７を備える。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a switching power supply device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a switching power supply device 1 includes a
ノイズフィルタ２は、交流電源ＶAC（例えば、５０Ｈｚ／６０Ｈｚ、１００Ｖ／２００Ｖの商用電源）に重畳した高周波のノイズ成分にフィルタリングを施し、ノイズ成分を除去した交流電源ＶACを整流・平滑回路３に供給する。
The
整流・平滑回路３は、ダイオードブリッジの全波整流回路、平滑コンデンサで構成し、ノイズフィルタ２から供給された交流電源ＶACを全波整流した脈流に平滑を施し、一次側直流電源を生成する。
The rectification / smoothing circuit 3 is composed of a diode bridge full-wave rectifier circuit and a smoothing capacitor, and smoothes the pulsating current obtained by full-wave rectification of the AC power supply VAC supplied from the
ドライブ制御回路４は、ＰＷＭ（Pulse Width Modulation）信号発生器、フィードバック制御回路、ＯＣＰ（Over Current Protect）端子、スイッチング駆動端子、駆動電源端子などを備えた制御ＩＣで構成し、高周波のＰＷＭ信号をＭＯＳＦＥＴ−Ｑ１のゲートに供給し、ＭＯＳＦＥＴ−Ｑ１を駆動する。
The
また、ドライブ制御回路４は、フォトカプラＰＨ１を介して二次側（出力側）から帰還されるフォトトランジスタ電流ＩCに基づいてＰＷＭ信号のデューティ比を変更し、直流電源ＶDCの出力電圧ＶOを規定の値にするようにＭＯＳＦＥＴ−Ｑ１を駆動する。
Further, the
さらに、ドライブ制御回路４は、負荷にスイッチング電源装置１の定格電流を越える突入電流や過電流の出力電流ＩOが流れる場合、一次側で出力電流ＩOを制御する一次側電流制御手段８（後述する）をコントロールする。
Further, when an inrush current exceeding the rated current of the switching power supply 1 or an overcurrent output current IO flows through the load, the
ＭＯＳＦＥＴ−Ｑ１は、トランスＴの一次巻線ＬＰと直列に接続し、ドライブ制御回路４から供給されるＰＷＭ信号に対応して一次側直流電源を断続して一次巻線ＬＰに高周波のパルス電源（交流電源）を発生させる。
The MOSFET-Q1 is connected in series with the primary winding LP of the transformer T, and in response to the PWM signal supplied from the
トランスＴは、一次側と二次側を電気的に絶縁した絶縁トランスで構成し、一次巻線ＬP、二次巻線ＬSおよび補助巻線ＬHを備え、一次巻線ＬPに発生した高周波のパルス電源（交流電源）を二次巻線ＬSおよび補助巻線ＬHに誘導する。なお、二次巻線ＬSに誘導された高周波のパルス電源（交流電源）は、直流出力電源ＶDC用に利用され、補助巻線ＬHに誘導された高周波のパルス電源（交流電源）は、ドライブ制御回路４の起動に利用される。
The transformer T is composed of an insulating transformer in which the primary side and the secondary side are electrically insulated, and includes a primary winding LP, a secondary winding LS, and an auxiliary winding LH, and a high-frequency pulse generated in the primary winding LP. A power supply (AC power supply) is induced in the secondary winding LS and the auxiliary winding LH. The high frequency pulse power source (AC power source) induced in the secondary winding LS is used for the DC output power source VDC, and the high frequency pulse power source (AC power source) induced in the auxiliary winding LH is drive controlled. It is used for starting the
整流・平滑回路５は、ダイオードの半波整流回路、平滑コンデンサで構成し、二次巻線ＬSに誘導された高周波のパルス電源（交流電源）を半波整流した後に平滑して規定の出力電圧ＶOおよび出力電流ＩO（定格電流ＩM）の直流出力電源ＶDCを発生する。 The rectifying / smoothing circuit 5 is composed of a diode half-wave rectifier circuit and a smoothing capacitor, and a high-frequency pulse power source (AC power source) induced in the secondary winding LS is half-wave rectified and then smoothed to a specified output voltage. A DC output power source VDC with VO and output current IO (rated current IM) is generated.
電圧検出回路６は、直流出力電源ＶDCの出力電圧ＶOを対応した降圧電圧で検出し、フォトカプラＰＨ１の発光ダイオード（ＬＥＤ）にダイオード電流Ｉｄを流す。
The
フォトカプラＰＨ１は、一次側と二次側を絶縁した帰還回路を構成し、発光ダイオード（ＬＥＤ）に流れるダイオード電流Ｉｄとフォトトランジスタに流れるコレクタ電流Ｉｃの比（＝Ｉｃ÷Ｉｄ）を電流伝達率ＣＴＲ（Current Transfer Ratio）とし、二次側から一次側に負帰還（ＮＦＢ）をかける。 The photocoupler PH1 constitutes a feedback circuit in which the primary side and the secondary side are insulated, and the ratio of the diode current Id flowing through the light emitting diode (LED) and the collector current Ic flowing through the phototransistor (= Ic ÷ Id) is a current transfer rate. CTR (Current Transfer Ratio) is applied, and negative feedback (NFB) is applied from the secondary side to the primary side.
過電流防止手段７は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する。 The overcurrent prevention means 7 detects and controls the inrush current flowing in the load on the primary side, and also detects and controls the secondary side, and executes primary side detection / control and secondary side detection / control in a predetermined order. To do.
過電流防止手段７は、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行することにより、突入電流の流れる短い期間だけ、電源出力（直流出力電源ＶDC）を停止させないで、電源出力電圧（出力電圧ＶO）を低下させながら定格電流ＩM以上の突入電流を流し、突入電流の継続時間が長い場合には電源出力を停止する。 The overcurrent prevention means 7 executes the primary side detection / control and the secondary side detection / control in a predetermined order so that the power supply output (DC output power supply VDC) is not stopped for a short period during which the inrush current flows. While decreasing the output voltage (output voltage VO), an inrush current exceeding the rated current IM is passed, and the power supply output is stopped when the duration of the inrush current is long.
また、過電流防止手段７は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段８と、負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段９と、一次側電流制御手段８と二次側電流制御手段９の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段１０を備える。 The overcurrent prevention means 7 includes a primary side current control means 8 for detecting and controlling an inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and a secondary side current for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. The control means 9, and the sequence means 10 which prescribes | regulates the operation | movement order of the primary side current control means 8 and the secondary side current control means 9 are provided.
負荷の突入電流とは、負荷が容量性の場合、直流電圧（出力電圧ＶO）の印加時に、直流電源の内部抵抗と、直流電源の出力から負荷の容量（コンデンサ）までの抵抗との合成抵抗（例えば、抵抗値Ｒａ）および負荷の容量（例えば、容量値ＣL）で形成される積分回路により、過渡的にインパルス状の電流が負荷に流れ、指数関数的に減少する電流で、抵抗値Ｒａが小さいほど突入電流の波高値（ピーク値）が大きく、容量値ＣLが大きいほど突入電流の減少に時間を要する。 Load inrush current is the combined resistance of the internal resistance of the DC power supply and the resistance from the output of the DC power supply to the capacity of the load (capacitor) when a DC voltage (output voltage VO) is applied when the load is capacitive. (For example, the resistance value Ra) and the integration circuit formed by the load capacitance (for example, the capacitance value CL), an impulse current flows through the load transiently, and the resistance value Ra Is smaller, the peak value (peak value) of the inrush current is larger, and the larger the capacitance value CL is, the longer it takes to reduce the inrush current.
したがって、負荷に流す定常電流が少ない場合でも、突入電流は定常電流をはるかに越えるケースがあり、定常電流が少ないからといって多くの負荷を並列に駆動するケースでは、突入電流が非常に大きくなる。 Therefore, even when the steady current flowing through the load is small, the inrush current may exceed the steady current in some cases, and the inrush current is very large in the case where many loads are driven in parallel just because the steady current is small. Become.
しかし、突入電流は、指数関数的に減少するので、一般的に継続時間が短いため、電源が突入電流に対応するためには、突入電流が電源の定格電流を越える電流値と時間の消費電力が電源（構成部品も含む）に損傷や破壊を及ぼさない限り、電源を停止することなく負荷を駆動し、突入電流の継続時間が長い場合に電源を停止して保護することになる。 However, since the inrush current decreases exponentially, the duration time is generally short. Therefore, in order for the power supply to respond to the inrush current, the current value and power consumption of the time when the inrush current exceeds the rated current of the power supply Unless the power supply (including component parts) is damaged or destroyed, the load is driven without stopping the power supply, and the power supply is stopped and protected when the duration of the inrush current is long.
上述した技術思想に基づいて一次側電流制御手段８と二次側電流制御手段９の動作ならびに動作順序により、突入電流ＩRが定格電流ＩMをオーバしても電源を継続して負荷に供給するとともに、突入電流ＩRの継続時間が長い場合には電源を停止することができ、突入電流ＩRが流れる負荷の駆動ならびに電源の保護を実現することができる。 Based on the technical idea described above, the primary side current control means 8 and the secondary side current control means 9 operate and operate in sequence, and even if the inrush current IR exceeds the rated current IM, the power is continuously supplied to the load. When the duration of the inrush current IR is long, the power supply can be stopped, and the driving of the load through which the inrush current IR flows and the protection of the power supply can be realized.
一次側電流制御手段８は、負荷電流の増加に応じて電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備え、負荷の突入電流ＩRに対応して定格電流ＩM以上の電流を電源出力電圧を低下させながら流す。 The primary-side current control means 8 has a current-voltage characteristic that reduces the voltage in response to an increase in load current, and allows a current equal to or greater than the rated current IM to flow while reducing the power supply output voltage in response to the inrush current IR of the load. .
一方、二次側電流制御手段９は、負荷電流の増加が一定値に達すると電圧を低下させる電流−電圧特性を備え、負荷の突入電流が大きく、長い時間継続する場合には、電源を停止する。 On the other hand, the secondary-side current control means 9 has a current-voltage characteristic that reduces the voltage when the increase in load current reaches a certain value. When the load inrush current is large and continues for a long time, the power supply is stopped. To do.
図２はこの発明に係る一次側電流制御手段および二次側電流制御手段の実施の形態出力電流−出力電圧特性図である。図２において、ポイントＰ１は、電源の出力電流ＩO（負荷電流）の定格電流ＩMが流れる点、ポイントＰ２は、一次側電流制御手段８および二次側電流制御手段９の動作が開始する点で、出力電流ＩO（負荷電流）は、定格電流ＩMを越えた電流ＩPが流れる。なお、この時点では、出力電圧ＶOが一定の定格電圧に保たれる。 FIG. 2 is an output current-output voltage characteristic diagram of the embodiment of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, point P1 is a point at which the rated current IM of the output current IO (load current) of the power source flows, and point P2 is a point at which the operations of the primary side current control means 8 and the secondary side current control means 9 start. The output current IO (load current) is a current IP that exceeds the rated current IM. At this time, the output voltage VO is maintained at a constant rated voltage.
一次側電流制御手段８は、出力電流ＩOがポイントＰ２（電流ＩP）を超えた電流が流れると、電流が増加しながら出力電圧ＶOが低下する電流−電圧特性Ｆ１、いわゆる『ヘの字特性』の制御を実行する。一方、二次側電流制御手段９は、出力電流ＩOがポイントＰ２（電流ＩP）を超えて増加しようとしても、電流を電流ＩPに制限して出力電圧ＶOを低下する電流−電圧特性Ｆ２、いわゆる『垂下特性』の制御を実行する。 The primary-side current control means 8 has a current-voltage characteristic F1 in which the output voltage VO decreases while increasing the current when the output current I0 exceeds the point P2 (current IP), so-called "H-shaped characteristic". Execute the control. On the other hand, the secondary side current control means 9 is a so-called current-voltage characteristic F2 that reduces the output voltage VO by limiting the current to the current IP even if the output current IO increases beyond the point P2 (current IP). Execute the “droop characteristics” control.
突入電流に対応する電流−電圧特性は、出力電流ＩO（負荷電流）をできる限り大きな値まで継続させるのがベターなので、電流−電圧特性Ｆ１を実行する一次側電流制御手段８が適しており、突入電流がより多く、電流−電圧特性Ｆ１で吸収できないような場合には、電流−電圧特性Ｆ２を実行する二次側電流制御手段９を動作させて突入電流をポイントＰ２の電流ＩPに制限するとともに、出力電圧ＶOを低下させて装置を破損や破壊から保護する。 Since the current-voltage characteristic corresponding to the inrush current is better to continue the output current IO (load current) to the largest possible value, the primary side current control means 8 for executing the current-voltage characteristic F1 is suitable. When the inrush current is larger and cannot be absorbed by the current-voltage characteristic F1, the secondary side current control means 9 for executing the current-voltage characteristic F2 is operated to limit the inrush current to the current IP at the point P2. At the same time, the output voltage VO is lowered to protect the device from damage and destruction.
例えば、突入電流に対し、初めに一次側電流制御手段８を動作させて電流−電圧特性Ｆ１がポイントＰ３に達した時点で、二次側電流制御手段９を動作させることにより、ポイントＰ３→ポイントＰ４の電流−電圧特性Ｆ２に移行させることができる。 For example, when the primary side current control means 8 is first operated with respect to the inrush current and the current-voltage characteristic F1 reaches the point P3, the secondary side current control means 9 is operated, so that the point P3 → the point The current-voltage characteristic F2 of P4 can be shifted.
したがって、シーケンス手段１０は、負荷電流の増加に対して、初めに一次側電流制御手段８を動作させ、続いて二次側電流制御手段９を動作させるように動作する。負荷の突入電流に対応して一次側電流制御手段８を動作させて定格電流ＩMを越える電流を流し、一次側電流制御手段８で定格電流ＩMを越える電流が一定期間続く場合には、二次側電流制御手段９を動作させて電源を停止することができる。 Therefore, the sequence means 10 operates to operate the primary side current control means 8 first and then to operate the secondary side current control means 9 in response to an increase in load current. In response to the inrush current of the load, the primary current control means 8 is operated to pass a current exceeding the rated current IM. When the primary current control means 8 continues the current exceeding the rated current IM for a certain period of time, the secondary current control means 8 The power supply can be stopped by operating the side current control means 9.
ポイントＰ４の電流−電圧特性Ｆ２に移行した時点で、突入電流がピーク値から減少すると、一次側電流制御手段８の電流−電圧特性Ｆ１は、ポイントＰ３→ポイントＰ２→ポイントＰ１のカーブを移行する。一方、二次側電流制御手段９の電流−電圧特性Ｆ２は、ポイントＰ４→ポイントＰ２→ポイントＰ１のカーブを移行する。 When the inrush current decreases from the peak value at the time of transition to the current-voltage characteristic F2 at the point P4, the current-voltage characteristic F1 of the primary side current control means 8 shifts from the curve of point P3 → point P2 → point P1. . On the other hand, the current-voltage characteristic F2 of the secondary side current control means 9 shifts the curve of point P4 → point P2 → point P1.
このように、この発明に係る過電流防止手段７は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段８と、負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段９と、一次側電流制御手段８と二次側電流制御手段９の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段１０とを備えたので、一次側電流制御手段８と二次側電流制御手段９の動作ならびに動作順序により、突入電流が定格電流ＩMをオーバしても電源を継続して負荷に供給するとともに、突入電流の継続時間が長い場合には電源を停止することができ、突入電流が流れる負荷の駆動ならびに電源の保護を実現することができる。 As described above, the overcurrent prevention means 7 according to the present invention detects the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side and controls the primary side current control means 8 and detects the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Since the secondary side current control means 9 to be controlled and the primary side current control means 8 and the sequence means 10 for defining the operation order of the secondary side current control means 9 are provided, the primary side current control means 8 and the secondary side current control means 9 are provided. Depending on the operation and operation sequence of the current control means 9, the power supply can be continuously supplied to the load even if the inrush current exceeds the rated current IM, and the power supply can be stopped if the inrush current duration is long. In addition, driving of a load through which an inrush current flows and protection of a power source can be realized.
また、この発明に係る一次側電流制御手段８は、負荷電流ＩOの増加に応じて電圧（出力電圧ＶO）を低下させる電流−電圧特性Ｆ１を備えたので、負荷の突入電流に対応して定格電流ＩM以上の電流を電源出力電圧ＶOを低下させながら流すことができ、短い時間の大きな突入電流の負荷であっても電源を停止することなく、負荷を駆動することができる。 Further, the primary side current control means 8 according to the present invention has the current-voltage characteristic F1 which decreases the voltage (output voltage VO) in accordance with the increase of the load current IO, so that the rating is corresponding to the inrush current of the load. A current equal to or higher than the current IM can be passed while the power supply output voltage VO is lowered, and the load can be driven without stopping the power supply even if the load has a large inrush current for a short time.
さらに、この発明に係る二次側電流制御手段９は、負荷電流ＩOの増加が一定値（ＩP）に達すると電圧（出力電圧ＶO）を低下させる電流−電圧特性Ｆ２を備えたので、負荷の突入電流が大きく、長い時間継続する場合には、電源を停止することができ、大きな突入電流または過電流から電源を保護することができる。 Further, since the secondary side current control means 9 according to the present invention has the current-voltage characteristic F2 for decreasing the voltage (output voltage VO) when the increase of the load current IO reaches a constant value (IP), When the inrush current is large and continues for a long time, the power supply can be stopped, and the power supply can be protected from a large inrush current or overcurrent.
また、この発明に係るシーケンス手段１０は、負荷電流ＩOの増加に対して、初めに一次側電流制御手段８を動作させ、続いて二次側電流制御手段９を動作させるので、負荷の突入電流に対応して一次側電流制御手段８を動作させて定格電流ＩMを越える電流を流し、一次側電流制御手段８で定格電流ＩMを越える電流が一定期間続く場合には、二次側電流制御手段９を動作させて電源を停止することができ、容量性の負荷に流れる短時間の過渡的な突入電流に対しては、定格電流を越える電流を流して負荷を正常に駆動することができる。 Further, since the sequence means 10 according to the present invention operates the primary side current control means 8 first and then the secondary side current control means 9 in response to the increase in the load current IO, the inrush current of the load. If the primary side current control means 8 is operated to flow a current exceeding the rated current IM and the primary side current control means 8 continues the current exceeding the rated current IM for a certain period, the secondary side current control means 9 can be operated to stop the power supply, and for a short-time transient inrush current flowing through the capacitive load, the load can be driven normally by passing a current exceeding the rated current.
図３はこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置の別実施の形態要部ブロック構成図である。図３において、過電流防止手段７のシーケンス手段１０は、低電圧検出手段１１および遅延手段１２を備える。なお、シーケンス手段１０が、低電圧検出手段１１および遅延手段１２を備えた点を除き、図１に示すスイッチング電源装置１と全く同じ構成なので、同じ構成の部分についての説明を省略する。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the main part of another embodiment of the switching power supply according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the sequence means 10 of the overcurrent prevention means 7 includes a low voltage detection means 11 and a delay means 12. Except for the point that the sequence means 10 includes the low voltage detection means 11 and the delay means 12, the configuration is exactly the same as that of the switching power supply device 1 shown in FIG.
低電圧検出手段１１は、検出する低電圧値のツェナーダイオードなどの定電圧素子、スイッチング素子等で構成し、出力電圧ＶOが定格電圧の場合には定電圧素子が動作してスイッチング素子をオン状態にし、Ｌレベル（ＧＮＤ）の出力を遅延手段１２に供給し、遅延手段１２の遅延動作を停止する。 The low voltage detecting means 11 is composed of a constant voltage element such as a Zener diode having a low voltage value to be detected, a switching element or the like. When the output voltage VO is a rated voltage, the constant voltage element operates to turn on the switching element. Then, the L level (GND) output is supplied to the delay means 12, and the delay operation of the delay means 12 is stopped.
一方、低電圧検出手段１１は、負荷の突入電流が流れ、一次側電流制御手段８が動作して図２に示す電流−電圧特性Ｆ１がポイントＰ２→ポイントＰ３へ移行する時に、出力電圧ＶOが低下して定電圧素子が低電圧を検出すると、スイッチング素子をオフ状態にし、Ｈレベル（低電圧の出力電圧ＶO）の出力を遅延手段１２に供給し、遅延手段１２の遅延動作を駆動する。 On the other hand, in the low voltage detection means 11, when the inrush current of the load flows and the primary side current control means 8 operates and the current-voltage characteristic F1 shown in FIG. 2 shifts from the point P2 to the point P3, the output voltage VO is When the voltage decreases and the constant voltage element detects a low voltage, the switching element is turned off, the output of H level (low voltage output voltage VO) is supplied to the delay means 12, and the delay operation of the delay means 12 is driven.
遅延手段１２は、抵抗器（Ｒ）とコンデンサ（Ｃ）のＲＣ積分回路などで構成し、低電圧検出手段１１から供給されるＨレベル（低電圧の出力電圧ＶO）の出力でＲＣ時定数を持って所定時間の遅延時間を生成し、この遅延時間で遅らせて二次側電流制御手段９を起動する。例えば、図２に示す電流−電圧特性Ｆ１のホイントＰ２〜Ｐ３の途中で、遅延動作に伴う二次側電流制御手段９が動作し、電流−電圧特性Ｆ２のポイントＰ４に移行する。 The delay means 12 is constituted by an RC integration circuit of a resistor (R) and a capacitor (C), and the RC time constant is set by the output of the H level (low voltage output voltage VO) supplied from the low voltage detection means 11. Then, a delay time of a predetermined time is generated, and the secondary side current control means 9 is started with a delay by this delay time. For example, in the middle of the points P2 to P3 of the current-voltage characteristic F1 shown in FIG. 2, the secondary side current control means 9 is operated in accordance with the delay operation, and the point shifts to the point P4 of the current-voltage characteristic F2.
このように、この発明に係るシーケンス手段１０は、二次側電流制御手段９の動作を一次側電流制御手段８よりも所定時間だけ遅らせる遅延手段１２を備えたので、一次側電流制御手段８を用いて負荷の突入電流に対応するとともに、二次側電流制御手段９を用いて過大電流と見なされる突入電流に対して電源を制限または停止することができ、突入電流の負荷を駆動し、過大電流から電源を保護することができる。 Thus, since the sequence means 10 according to the present invention includes the delay means 12 that delays the operation of the secondary side current control means 9 by a predetermined time from the primary side current control means 8, the primary side current control means 8 is It can be used to cope with the inrush current of the load, and the secondary current control means 9 can be used to limit or stop the power supply with respect to the inrush current that is regarded as an excessive current. The power supply can be protected from current.
図４はこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置の別実施の形態要部ブロック構成図である。図４において、過電流防止手段７のシーケンス手段１３は、突入電流検出手段１９およびタイマ手段１４を備える。なお、シーケンス手段１３は、シーケンス手段１０の低電圧検出手段１１および遅延手段１２に代えて突入電流検出手段１９およびタイマ手段１４を備えた点を除き、図３に示すスイッチング電源装置１と全く同じ構成なので、同じ構成の部分についての説明を省略する。 FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the principal part of another embodiment of the switching power supply according to the present invention. In FIG. 4, the sequence means 13 of the overcurrent prevention means 7 includes an inrush current detection means 19 and a timer means 14. The sequence means 13 is exactly the same as the switching power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 3 except that the inrush current detection means 19 and the timer means 14 are provided instead of the low voltage detection means 11 and the delay means 12 of the sequence means 10. Since it is a structure, the description about the part of the same structure is abbreviate | omitted.
突入電流検出手段１９は、出力電圧ＶO端から負荷に流れる突入電流ＩRを非接触の変流器などで検知し、検知した突入電流ＩRを電圧値で検出して基準値と比較することにより、検出した電圧値が基準値を下回る場合には、タイマ手段１４を駆動しない。 The inrush current detecting means 19 detects the inrush current IR flowing from the output voltage VO end to the load with a non-contact current transformer or the like, detects the detected inrush current IR with a voltage value, and compares it with a reference value. When the detected voltage value is lower than the reference value, the timer means 14 is not driven.
一方、検出した電圧値が基準値以上の場合には、電圧値に対応した駆動信号（例えば、２進符号）をタイマ手段１４に供給し、駆動信号に応じたタイマ値でタイマ手段１４を駆動する。 On the other hand, when the detected voltage value is equal to or higher than the reference value, a driving signal (for example, binary code) corresponding to the voltage value is supplied to the timer means 14 and the timer means 14 is driven with a timer value corresponding to the driving signal. To do.
タイマ手段１４は、プログラマブルのワンショットマルチバイブレータ等の計時回路で構成し、突入電流検出手段１９から供給される駆動信号に基づいて設定されたタイマ値をカウントし、タイマ値に達すると起動信号を二次側電流制御手段９に提供する。 The timer means 14 is constituted by a timing circuit such as a programmable one-shot multivibrator, and counts a timer value set based on the drive signal supplied from the inrush current detecting means 19, and when the timer value is reached, a start signal is given. Provided to the secondary current control means 9.
二次側電流制御手段９は、タイマ手段１４から提供される起動信号で起動し、例えば、図２に示す電流−電圧特性Ｆ１のホイントＰ２〜Ｐ３の途中で、タイマ動作に伴う二次側電流制御手段９が遅れて動作し、電流−電圧特性Ｆ２のポイントＰ４に移行し、突入電流ＩPに応じて電流を制限する。 The secondary side current control means 9 is started by the start signal provided from the timer means 14, and, for example, the secondary side current accompanying the timer operation in the middle of the points P2 to P3 of the current-voltage characteristic F1 shown in FIG. The control means 9 operates with a delay, shifts to the point P4 of the current-voltage characteristic F2, and limits the current according to the inrush current IP.
このように、この発明に係るシーケンス手段１３は、出力電流を検出する突入電流検出手段１９と、突入電流検出手段１９が検出した電流に応じて二次側電流制御手段９の動作開始時間を設定するタイマ手段１４とを備えたので、二次側電流制御手段９の動作開始時間を自由に設定して突入電流に対応することができ、突入電流に最大限対応して電源を保護することができる。 Thus, the sequence means 13 according to the present invention sets the operation start time of the secondary side current control means 9 according to the inrush current detection means 19 for detecting the output current and the current detected by the inrush current detection means 19. Since the timer means 14 is provided, the operation start time of the secondary side current control means 9 can be freely set to cope with the inrush current, and the power supply can be protected in response to the inrush current to the maximum. it can.
図５はこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置の別実施の形態要部ブロック構成図である。図５において、過電流防止手段１５は、一次側電流制御手段８、二次側電流制御手段９、温度補正手段１６を備える。なお、過電流防止手段１５が図１に示す過電流防止手段７のシーケンス手段１０に代えて温度補正手段１６を備えた点を除き、全く同じ構成なので、同じ構成の部分についての説明を省略する。
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a main part of another embodiment of the switching power supply device according to the present invention. In FIG. 5, the overcurrent prevention unit 15 includes a primary side
温度補正手段１６は、装置温度に対応して変化するサーミスタなどの感温素子で構成し、図２に示す一次側電流制御手段８の電流−電圧特性Ｆ１および二次側電流制御手段９の電流−電圧特性Ｆ２の動作開始点Ｐ２を装置温度が上昇するに伴って出力電流ＩOの電流ＩPを少ない（定格電流ＩMに近付く）方向に移行させ、一次側電流制御手段８および二次側電流制御手段９の過電流保護動作を早めて、発熱による装置の損傷や破壊を防止する。
The temperature correction means 16 is composed of a temperature sensitive element such as a thermistor that changes in accordance with the device temperature. The current-voltage characteristic F1 of the primary current control means 8 and the current of the secondary current control means 9 shown in FIG. The operation start point P2 of the voltage characteristic F2 is shifted in a direction in which the current IP of the output current IO decreases (approaching the rated current IM) as the device temperature rises, and the primary current control means 8 and the secondary current control The overcurrent protection operation of the
このように、この発明に係る過電流防止手段１５は、装置１の温度上昇に応じて一次側電流制御手段８および二次側電流制御手段９の動作を早める温度補正手段１６を備えたので、装置温度が上昇すると、一次側電流制御手段８および二次側電流制御手段９の動作ポイントを突入電流や過大電流に対して低く設定することができ、電源の熱破壊を回避することができる。
As described above, the overcurrent prevention unit 15 according to the present invention includes the
図６はこの発明に係るスイッチング電源装置の別実施の形態要部ブロック構成図である。図６において、過電流防止手段１７は、一次側電流制御手段８、二次側電流制御手段９、再起動補正手段１８を備える。なお、過電流防止手段１７が図１に示す過電流防止手段７のシーケンス手段１０に代えて再起動補正手段１８を備えた点を除き、全く同じ構成なので、同じ構成の部分についての説明を省略する。
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main part of another embodiment of the switching power supply device according to the present invention. In FIG. 6, the overcurrent prevention unit 17 includes a primary side
容量性負荷に流れる突入電流ＩPが大きく、一次側電流制御手段８の制御が動作し、電流−電圧特性（『ヘの字特性』）Ｆ１でドライブ制御回路４の発振が弱くなったり、停止したりして二次側の出力電圧ＶOも低い。この状態では、一次側電流制御手段８のＯＣＰ（Over Current Protect）電圧がスレッシュホールドを超えている。
The inrush current IP flowing through the capacitive load is large, the control of the primary side current control means 8 operates, and the oscillation of the
ドライブ制御回路４の発振が弱くなったり、停止したりしても、一次巻線ＬPに交流電源が発生すると、補助巻線ＬHに交流電源が誘導される。再起動補正手段１８は、補助巻線ＬHに発生する交流電源を整流・平滑して直流の補正電圧を発生し、この補正電圧を一次側電流制御手段８に供給し、ＯＣＰ（Over Current Protect）電圧を低下させ、スレッシュホールドを下回るように構成する。
Even if the oscillation of the
ＯＣＰ（Over Current Protect）電圧を補正電圧で補正することにより、一次側電流制御手段８の過電流防止制御が停止し、ドライブ制御回路４が正常に発振してＭＯＳＦＥＴ−Ｑ１を急激に駆動して一次巻線ＬPに正常な交流電源を発生させる。
By correcting the OCP (Over Current Protect) voltage with the correction voltage, the overcurrent prevention control of the primary side current control means 8 stops, the
一次巻線ＬPに正常な交流電源が発生すると、二次巻線ＬSにも正常な交流電源が誘導され、正規の出力電圧ＶOが発生する。なお、正規の出力電圧ＶOが発生した時点で、補助巻線ＬHから発生した補正電圧を停止させる。 When a normal AC power supply is generated in the primary winding LP, a normal AC power supply is also induced in the secondary winding LS, and a normal output voltage VO is generated. When the normal output voltage VO is generated, the correction voltage generated from the auxiliary winding LH is stopped.
このように、この発明に係る過電流防止手段１７は、電源の再起動を早める再起動補正手段１８を備えたので、過電流により電源が停止した状態から電源の復旧を早めることができ、電源の再起動を迅速にして性能アップを図ることができる。
As described above, the overcurrent prevention unit 17 according to the present invention includes the
以上説明したように、この発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備えたので、突入電流の流れる短い期間だけ、電源出力を停止させないで、電源出力電圧を低下させながら定格電流以上の突入電流を流すことができ、過電流を検出して制御し、突入電流に対応して電源を動作させ、性能アップを図ることができる。 As described above, the switching power supply according to the present invention detects and controls the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and also detects and controls the secondary side, and detects and controls the primary side and the secondary side. With overcurrent prevention means that performs detection and control in a predetermined order, it is possible to flow an inrush current that exceeds the rated current while lowering the power output voltage without stopping the power output for only a short period during which the inrush current flows. It is possible to detect and control overcurrent, operate the power supply in response to the inrush current, and improve the performance.
本発明に係るスイッチング電源装置は、スイッチング電源の一次側および二次側に、それぞれ電流−電圧特性ならびに動作開始時間の異なる過電流防止手段を採用し、負荷の突入電流を停止しない範疇で制御することができ、容量性の負荷を駆動するあらゆる電源装置に適用することができる。 The switching power supply according to the present invention employs overcurrent prevention means having different current-voltage characteristics and operation start times on the primary side and the secondary side of the switching power supply, respectively, and controls the inrush current of the load in a category that does not stop. It can be applied to any power supply that drives a capacitive load.
１ スイッチング電源装置
２ ノイズフィルタ
３，５ 整流・平滑回路
４ ドライブ制御回路
６ 電圧検出回路
７，１５，１７ 過電流防止手段
８ 一次側電流制御手段
９ 二次側電流制御手段
１０，１３ シーケンス手段
１１ 低電圧検出手段
１２ 遅延手段
１４ タイマ手段
１６ 温度補正手段
１８ 再起動補正手段
１９ 突入電流検出手段
ＶAC 交流電源
ＶDC 直流出力電源
ＶO 出力電圧
ＩO 出力電流
ＩM 定格電流
ＩP 突入電流
Ｔ トランス
ＬP 一次巻線
ＬS 二次巻線
ＬH 補助巻線
Ｑ１ ＭＯＳＦＥＴ
ＰＨ１ フォトカプラ
Ｆ１ 電流−電圧特性（『ヘの字特性』）
Ｆ２ 電流−電圧特性（『垂下特性』）
Ｐ１ 定格電流ポイント
Ｐ２ 過電流保護動作ポイント
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Switching
PH1 Photocoupler F1 Current-voltage characteristics
F2 Current-voltage characteristics ("droop characteristics")
P1 Rated current point P2 Overcurrent protection operation point
Claims (5)
負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備え、
且つ、前記過電流防止手段は、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、前記一次側電流制御手段と前記二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段とを備え、
更に、前記シーケンス手段が、負荷電流の増加に対して、初めに前記一次側電流制御手段を動作させ、続いて前記二次側電流制御手段を動作させるように、出力電流を検出する突入電流検出手段と、前記突入電流検出手段が検出した電流に応じて前記二次側電流制御手段の動作開始時間を設定するタイマ手段と、を備えて構成されていることを特徴とするスイッチング電源装置。 In a switching power supply device that applies feedback from the secondary side to the primary side of the isolation transformer via an insulating element such as a photocoupler to stabilize the DC power output,
Equipped with overcurrent prevention means that detects and controls the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and also detects and controls the secondary side, and executes primary side detection and control and secondary side detection and control in a predetermined order. ,
The overcurrent prevention means includes a primary side current control means for detecting and controlling an inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and a secondary side for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Current control means, and sequence means for defining the operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means,
Further, the sequence means detects an output current so as to operate the primary side current control means first and then the secondary side current control means in response to an increase in load current. And a timer means for setting an operation start time of the secondary side current control means according to the current detected by the inrush current detection means .
負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御するとともに、二次側でも検出して制御し、一次側検出・制御と二次側検出・制御を所定順序で実行する過電流防止手段を備え、
且つ、前記過電流防止手段は、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を一次側で検出して制御する一次側電流制御手段と、前記負荷に流れる突入電流を二次側で検出して制御する二次側電流制御手段と、前記一次側電流制御手段と前記二次側電流制御手段の動作順序を規定するシーケンス手段と、装置の温度上昇に応じて前記一次側電流制御手段および前記二次側電流制御手段の動作を早める温度補正手段と、を備えたことを特徴とするスイッチング電源装置。 In a switching power supply device that applies feedback from the secondary side to the primary side of the isolation transformer via an insulating element such as a photocoupler to stabilize the DC power output,
Equipped with overcurrent prevention means that detects and controls the inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and also detects and controls the secondary side, and executes primary side detection and control and secondary side detection and control in a predetermined order. ,
The overcurrent prevention means includes a primary side current control means for detecting and controlling an inrush current flowing through the load on the primary side, and a secondary side for detecting and controlling the inrush current flowing through the load on the secondary side. Current control means; sequence means for defining an operation order of the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means; and the primary side current control means and the secondary side current control means according to a temperature rise of the apparatus. switching power supply apparatus characterized by comprising a temperature compensation means for advancing the operation.
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| JP5316903B2 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-10-16 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | Power supply system and image forming apparatus |
| JP6154616B2 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2017-06-28 | Ｎｅｃプラットフォームズ株式会社 | AC adapter and power supply determination method for AC adapter |
| JP7060382B2 (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2022-04-26 | Fdk株式会社 | Insulated switching power supply |
| KR20200113864A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Wireless power receiving device and method for controlling thereof |
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| CN106712519A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Switching power supply circuit |
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