JP4393478B2 - Desiccant ventilation system - Google Patents

Desiccant ventilation system Download PDF

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JP4393478B2
JP4393478B2 JP2006161173A JP2006161173A JP4393478B2 JP 4393478 B2 JP4393478 B2 JP 4393478B2 JP 2006161173 A JP2006161173 A JP 2006161173A JP 2006161173 A JP2006161173 A JP 2006161173A JP 4393478 B2 JP4393478 B2 JP 4393478B2
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moisture
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JP2007240136A (en
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裕 渡邊
邦夫 三浦
敏彦 石沢
正純 神戸
徳臣 岡崎
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Shin Nippon Air Technologies Co Ltd
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Description

本発明はエネルギーの使用を抑制して、自動車、住居、オフィス、商業施設、体育館、イベント会場、工場などの室内空間を快適で衛生的な空気状態に保つためのデシカント換気システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a desiccant ventilation system for keeping indoor spaces, such as automobiles, houses, offices, commercial facilities, gymnasiums, event venues, and factories, in a comfortable and hygienic air condition while suppressing the use of energy.

近年、地球温暖化の傾向が顕著となり、その対策として主たる温室効果ガスである二酸化炭素の排出量を削減すべく、化石燃料の高効率使用(省エネルギー活動)が進められている。   In recent years, the trend of global warming has become prominent, and high-efficiency use (energy conservation activities) of fossil fuels has been promoted to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, as a countermeasure.

特に、運輸分野や民生分野(家庭、業務)の空調設備は現在も導入件数ならびに使用頻度が増加しており、エネルギー使用量(特にガソリンなどの燃料や電力使用量)は拡大している。そのため、その使用量削減に向けた空調機器・システムの効率改善は喫緊の課題である。   In particular, the number of air conditioners installed in the transport field and the consumer field (household and business) and the frequency of use are still increasing, and the amount of energy used (especially fuel such as gasoline and the amount of power used) is expanding. Therefore, improving the efficiency of air-conditioning equipment and systems for reducing the amount of usage is an urgent issue.

例えば、自動車においては、冬季にカーエアコンによる車内除湿の際、車内空気を露点以下に冷却除湿した後に再度加熱を行うなど非効率な運転が行われている。また、民生分野では空調効率改善のため、住宅やオフィスビルが高気密化された結果、家具や建材から発生する有害化学物質(VOC)に起因するシックハウス症候群などの弊害を生じるようになった。その対策として住宅やオフィスなどの換気強化が行われている。しかしながら換気強化は外気による室内空調負荷、とりわけ除湿や加湿などの潜熱負荷増大を招くため、省エネルギー換気システムが不可欠となる。   For example, in an automobile, in-vehicle dehumidification by a car air conditioner in winter, inefficient driving is performed such as cooling and dehumidifying the air in the vehicle below the dew point and then heating again. In addition, in the consumer field, as a result of air-tightening of houses and office buildings to improve air conditioning efficiency, adverse effects such as sick house syndrome caused by harmful chemical substances (VOC) generated from furniture and building materials have come to occur. As countermeasures, ventilation is strengthened in houses and offices. However, enhanced ventilation leads to an increase in indoor air conditioning load due to outside air, especially latent heat load such as dehumidification and humidification, so an energy saving ventilation system is indispensable.

自動車窓ガラスの防曇や居住室内除湿のため空調機は処理対象の空気を露点以下まで冷却し、空気中の水分を凝縮除去した後に低温化した空気を加熱する運転を行っている。従ってカーエアコンや室内空調機(以下「空調機」)での除湿負荷が低減されれば、空調機は低温度領域まで空気を冷却する負荷から開放され、自動車では燃費が改善され、室内空調機では電力消費量が改善され経済効果と省エネ効果が確保される。   The air conditioner cools the air to be treated to below the dew point, condenses and removes the moisture in the air, and then heats the air that has been cooled to prevent fogging of the automobile window glass and dehumidification in the living room. Therefore, if the dehumidifying load on the car air conditioner or indoor air conditioner (hereinafter referred to as “air conditioner”) is reduced, the air conditioner is released from the load that cools the air to a low temperature range, and the fuel efficiency is improved in the automobile. The power consumption will be improved and the economic and energy saving effects will be secured.

また、冬季や乾燥季には外気が乾燥するため、民生分野では換気に際し加湿が不可欠となる。室内加湿には超音波加湿装置などが用いられるが、電力消費の増大のみならず室内温度の低下という問題がある。これに対し、室内から室外へ排出される空気に含まれる水分を選択的に分離回収し、これを外気からの導入空気へエネルギー使用を最小限にとどめて添加できれば加湿負荷が低減され、やはり省エネルギー効果が得られる。   In addition, since the outside air dries in the winter and dry seasons, humidification is essential for ventilation in the consumer sector. An ultrasonic humidifier or the like is used for indoor humidification, but there is a problem that not only the power consumption increases but also the indoor temperature decreases. In contrast, if the moisture contained in the air exhausted from the room to the outside is selectively separated and recovered, and this can be added to the introduction air from the outside air with minimal energy use, the humidification load is reduced, which also saves energy. An effect is obtained.

例えば、下記特許文献1では、屋内空気を吸い込む除湿用吸込口と、この除湿用吸込口から吸い込んだ空気を屋内に吹き出す除湿用吹出口と、屋内の空気を吸い込む換気用吸込口と、屋内空気を屋外に排出する換気用排出口と、前記除湿用吸込口と除湿用吹出口とを結ぶ空気通路を通る空気からの吸湿を行うと共に、前記換気用吸込口と換気用排出口とを結ぶ空気通路を通る空気への放湿を行う除湿素子と、換気用吸込口と換気用排出口とを結ぶ空気通路を通る空気への放湿のため、除湿素子を通過する前のこの排気空気を加熱して乾燥させる加熱手段とを備え、屋外への排気空気を利用して屋内空気の除湿を行うようになされて、換気運転と除湿換気運転との切換えを行える除湿換気システムが提案されている。   For example, in the following Patent Document 1, a dehumidifying inlet that sucks indoor air, a dehumidifying outlet that blows air sucked from the dehumidifying inlet, a ventilation inlet that sucks indoor air, and indoor air Air is exhausted to the outside, and the air that passes through the air passage that connects the dehumidification inlet and the dehumidification outlet and absorbs moisture from the air and connects the ventilation inlet and the ventilation outlet. The exhaust air before passing through the dehumidifying element is heated in order to dehumidify the air passing through the air passage connecting the suction inlet for ventilation and the exhaust outlet for ventilation, and the dehumidifying element for dehumidifying the air passing through the passage. In addition, a dehumidification / ventilation system has been proposed that includes a heating means for drying and dehumidifies indoor air using exhaust air to the outdoors, and can switch between ventilation operation and dehumidification ventilation operation.

また、下記特許文献2では、少なくとも2つのデシカントをそれぞれ処理空気経路と再生空気経路に配置し、一方で処理空気中の水分を吸着し、他方で再生空気によって再生するようにした空調システムにおいて、前記2つのデシカントを前記処理空気経路及び再生空気経路に対して相対移動させて前記デシカント部への処理空気と再生空気の流通を切り換え可能にした空調システムが提案されている。
特開2003−294267号公報 特開平10−9633号公報
Further, in the following Patent Document 2, in an air conditioning system in which at least two desiccants are respectively disposed in the processing air path and the regeneration air path, the moisture in the processing air is adsorbed on the one hand and the other is regenerated by the regeneration air. An air conditioning system has been proposed in which the two desiccants are moved relative to the processing air path and the regeneration air path so that the flow of the processing air and the regeneration air to the desiccant portion can be switched.
JP 2003-294267 A JP-A-10-9633

上記特許文献1記載の換気システムでは、除湿素子を乾燥(再生)させるには、相対湿度の低い空気を通過させる必要があるため、通過空気を加熱するための電気や都市ガスなどの熱エネルギーが必要となり、多くのエネルギーを消費する問題があった。また、上記特許文献2記載の空調システムでは、切替弁による複雑な流路構成となり、設備が大型化する問題があった。   In the ventilation system described in Patent Document 1, in order to dry (regenerate) the dehumidifying element, it is necessary to pass air having a low relative humidity. Therefore, heat energy such as electricity or city gas for heating the passing air is used. There was a problem that it was necessary and consumed a lot of energy. Further, the air conditioning system described in Patent Document 2 has a complicated flow path configuration using a switching valve, and there is a problem in that the equipment is increased in size.

さらに、上記特許文献1、2に記載されるように、除湿材を用いる多くの換気システムでは、除湿材による水分吸着の際、除湿材の吸着熱が発生して通過空気の温度が上昇し、相対湿度が低下するので、除湿材の水分吸着効果が低下する問題があった。逆に、除湿材の再生の際、除湿材の水分脱着作用により吸熱して通過空気の温度が低下し、相対湿度が上昇するため、除湿材の水分脱着効率が低下する問題があった。   Furthermore, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, in many ventilation systems using a dehumidifying material, when moisture is adsorbed by the dehumidifying material, the heat of adsorption of the dehumidifying material is generated and the temperature of the passing air rises, Since the relative humidity is lowered, there is a problem that the moisture adsorption effect of the dehumidifying material is lowered. On the other hand, when the dehumidifying material is regenerated, the dehumidifying material absorbs heat due to the moisture desorbing action, the temperature of the passing air decreases, and the relative humidity increases, so that the moisture desorbing efficiency of the dehumidifying material decreases.

この様な問題点を解決するため、従来のデシカントシステムでは、除湿材の除熱や加熱を行うための装置を別途設置する必要があり、そのための消費エネルギーの増大や、システムの複雑化・大型化によるコスト増大という問題があった。   In order to solve such problems, the conventional desiccant system requires a separate device for heat removal and heating of the dehumidifier, which increases energy consumption and makes the system more complex and larger. There was a problem of cost increase due to the conversion.

近年、水蒸気の透過膜を介して、一方の面を通過する空気の熱と水分を、他方の面を通過する空気に与える特性を利用した全熱交換器が市販され、省エネルギーに貢献している。しかしながら、熱交換時に、潜熱としての水分交換という特性から排気中に含まれるVOCや臭気分子、ウイルスなどの給気側への還流問題が指摘されており衛生面での課題を有する。   In recent years, total heat exchangers that utilize the characteristics of giving heat and moisture from the air passing through one surface to the air passing through the other surface via a water vapor permeable membrane are commercially available, contributing to energy saving. . However, during heat exchange, the problem of reflux to the supply side of VOC, odor molecules, viruses, etc. contained in the exhaust gas has been pointed out from the characteristic of moisture exchange as latent heat, which has a hygiene problem.

この様に、われわれは調湿・空調に多大なエネルギーを使っており、これを改善するための衛生的な除湿、加湿の手段ならびに熱交換手段が構築できれば、地球温暖化問題をはじめ、より快適で安心な居住環境を低コストで確保できることに気付く。   In this way, we use a great deal of energy for humidity conditioning and air conditioning, and if we can build hygienic dehumidification, humidification means and heat exchange means to improve this, we will be more comfortable, including global warming problems. A safe and comfortable living environment can be secured at low cost.

そこで、本発明の主たる課題は、除湿材の水分吸脱着が効率よく行えるとともに、エネルギー効率を向上し、かつ単純な構造でコンパクトなデシカント換気システムを提供することにある。   Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to provide a desiccant ventilation system which can efficiently absorb and desorb moisture from a dehumidifying material, improve energy efficiency, and is compact with a simple structure.

前記課題を解決するために請求項1に係る本発明として、外気の供給および室内空気の排気を併行して行うために一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとを独立的に形成し、これら一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが近接する部位において、両ダクト間に跨るとともに、両ダクトが接続されたケーシング内に、両面に除湿材が塗布、含浸又は接着され、一方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の除湿がなされると同時に、他方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の加湿がなされ、一方側面に配設された除湿材の吸湿熱が熱伝導して他方側面の除湿材を加熱して除湿材の水分脱着作用を促進させるとともに、通気性を有しない熱交換可能な多数の伝熱シートによって層状に区画された多数の流路が形成され、該層状の流路は、一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとを繋ぐとともに、交差する2組の対角関係の内、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが連通され、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが閉鎖された第1流路と、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが連通され、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが閉鎖された第2流路とが交互に形成され、かつ前記第1流路と第2流路とが平面的にほぼ90度の方向角度差を持つとともに、前記第1流路、第2流路及び前記ダクトと直交する軸芯回りに回転可能に支持された水分吸脱装置を配置し、
所定時間毎に前記水分吸脱装置を前記軸芯回りにほぼ90度回転させることにより、前記第1流路を給気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させ、前記第2流路を排気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させる状態と、前記第2流路を給気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させ、前記第1流路を排気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させる状態とを交互に切り換え可能としたことを特徴とするデシカント換気システムが提供される。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as the present invention according to claim 1, one side duct and the other side duct are independently formed in order to perform supply of outside air and exhaust of indoor air in parallel, and these one side ducts are formed. In the part where the duct on the other side and the duct on the other side are close to each other, the dehumidifying material is applied, impregnated or adhered on both sides in the casing to which both ducts are connected, and the dehumidifying material disposed on one side surface At the same time as the dehumidification of the circulating air, the circulating air is humidified by the dehumidifying material disposed on the other side surface, and the dehumidifying heat of the dehumidifying material disposed on the one side surface conducts heat to dehumidify the dehumidifying material on the other side surface. Heating promotes the moisture desorption effect of the dehumidifying material, and a plurality of flow paths partitioned into layers by a large number of heat-exchangeable heat transfer sheets having no air permeability are formed. Side duct and One side duct and the other side duct communicate with each other in one side diagonal relationship, and one side duct and the other side communicate with each other. The first flow path in which the side duct is closed and the one side duct and the other side duct communicate with each other in a diagonal relationship with the other side, and the one side duct and the other side duct are closed in a one side diagonal relationship. And the second flow paths are alternately formed, and the first flow path and the second flow path have a plane angle difference of approximately 90 degrees in a plane, and the first flow path, the second flow path, and A moisture adsorption / desorption device that is rotatably supported around an axis perpendicular to the duct is disposed,
By rotating the moisture adsorption / desorption device approximately 90 degrees around the axis at predetermined time intervals, the first flow path is used as an air supply flow path to flow from one duct to the other duct, and the second flow path is A state of flowing from one side duct to the other side duct as an exhaust flow path, a state of flowing the second flow path from the one side duct to the other side duct as an air supply flow path, and the first flow path as an exhaust flow path on one side There is provided a desiccant ventilation system characterized in that it can be alternately switched between a state in which it is circulated from the duct to the other side duct.

上記請求項1記載の本発明は、交差する2組の対角関係の内、前記第1流路と第2流路とが平面的にほぼ90度の方向角度差を持つように交互に直交した流路構成を有する、いわば直交流型の水分吸脱装置を備えたデシカント換気システムである。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, among the two sets of diagonal relationships that intersect, the first flow path and the second flow path are alternately orthogonal so as to have a direction angle difference of approximately 90 degrees in a plane. It is a desiccant ventilation system having a so-called cross-flow type moisture absorption / desorption device.

上記請求項1記載の本発明は、両面に除湿材が塗布、含浸又は接着され、一方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の除湿がなされると同時に、他方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の加湿がなされ、一方側面に配設された除湿材の吸湿熱が熱伝導して他方側面の除湿材を加熱して除湿材の水分脱着作用を促進させるとともに、通気性を有しない熱交換可能な多数の伝熱シートによって層状に区画された多数の給気流路と排気流路とが形成されることによって、給気流路における除湿材の水分吸着に伴う吸着熱は、前記除湿材に接触する伝熱シートを介して、排気流路の除湿材に熱伝導される。これによって、給気流路の除湿材は冷却されて水分吸着が促進されるとともに、排気流路の除湿材は加熱されて吸着した水分の脱着(再生)が促進されるようになり、除湿材の水分吸脱着が効率よく行えるとともに、エネルギー効率を向上することができるようになる。 In the first aspect of the present invention, the dehumidifying material is applied, impregnated, or adhered to both sides, and the dehumidifying material provided on one side dehumidifies the circulating air, and at the same time, the dehumidifying material provided on the other side. Circulating air is humidified by the material, and the moisture absorption heat of the dehumidifying material disposed on one side is conducted to heat the dehumidifying material on the other side to promote the moisture desorption action of the dehumidifying material and to have air permeability. By forming a large number of air supply passages and exhaust passages divided in layers by a large number of heat exchange sheets that can exchange heat, the heat of adsorption accompanying moisture adsorption of the dehumidifying material in the air supply passages is reduced by the dehumidification. The heat is transferred to the dehumidifying material in the exhaust passage through the heat transfer sheet in contact with the material. As a result, the dehumidifying material in the air supply channel is cooled to promote moisture adsorption, and the dehumidifying material in the exhaust channel is heated to facilitate desorption (regeneration) of the adsorbed moisture. Moisture adsorption / desorption can be performed efficiently and energy efficiency can be improved.

さらに、所定時間毎に前記水分吸脱装置を軸芯回りにほぼ90度回転させることにより流路の切り換えが行われるようになっているので、デシカント換気システムを単純な構造でコンパクト化することができるようになる。   In addition, since the flow path is switched by rotating the moisture adsorption / desorption device approximately 90 degrees around the axis every predetermined time, the desiccant ventilation system can be made compact with a simple structure. become able to.

請求項2に係る本発明として、前記第1流路と第2流路とを仕切る伝熱シートとして平板又は波板が使用され、及び/又は前記伝熱シート間にはスペーサ又は波板が配設され、及び/又は前記スペーサ又は波板の表面に除湿材が塗布、含浸又は接着されている請求項1記載のデシカント換気システムが提供される。   As a second aspect of the present invention, a flat plate or a corrugated sheet is used as a heat transfer sheet that partitions the first flow path and the second flow path, and / or a spacer or a corrugated sheet is disposed between the heat transfer sheets. The desiccant ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the desiccant ventilation system is provided and / or a dehumidifying material is applied, impregnated or adhered to a surface of the spacer or corrugated plate.

上記請求項2記載の本発明は、伝熱シートを波板に形成するか、伝熱シート間にスペーサ又は波板を配設することにより、流通空気と除湿材との接触面積が増加して除湿効果が向上できるとともに、流通空気の整流効果や、各流路の強度を増加する効果が発揮される。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, the contact area between the circulating air and the dehumidifying material is increased by forming the heat transfer sheet on the corrugated sheet or by arranging the spacer or the corrugated sheet between the heat transfer sheets. The dehumidifying effect can be improved, and the effect of rectifying circulating air and increasing the strength of each flow path are exhibited.

請求項に係る本発明として、前記ケーシング配設部位よりも室内側において、一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとに跨って、給気と排気との間で熱交換を行わしめる熱交換装置を配設してある請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システムが提供される。 As a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchange device that performs heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust gas across the one side duct and the other side duct on the indoor side of the casing arrangement portion. A desiccant ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2 is provided.

上記請求項記載の本発明では、水分吸脱装置を通過して湿度調整された流通空気と室内空気との間で熱交換した後に、室内に供給することにより、換気に伴う室内空調設備の負荷が軽減でき、エネルギー効率が向上できるようになる。 In the present invention described in claim 3 , after the heat exchange between the circulation air that has passed through the moisture adsorption / desorption device and the humidity adjusted, and the room air, the heat is supplied to the room, so that the room air conditioner with ventilation is supplied. The load can be reduced and the energy efficiency can be improved.

請求項に係る本発明として、前記伝熱シート、スペーサ又は波板は、直径0.1mm以下の微細粒子状に形成した除湿材を懸濁させた懸濁液を含浸後、乾燥固定したガラス繊維、植物繊維、動物繊維及び/又は化学繊維などの繊維状シートであることを特徴とする請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システムが提供される。 As the present invention according to claim 4 , the heat transfer sheet, the spacer or the corrugated sheet is impregnated with a suspension in which a dehumidifying material formed into fine particles having a diameter of 0.1 mm or less is impregnated, and then dried and fixed. The desiccant ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the desiccant ventilation system is a fibrous sheet of fiber, plant fiber, animal fiber, and / or chemical fiber.

上記請求項記載の本発明は、前記伝熱シート、スペーサ又は波板が除湿材が含浸された繊維状シートから構成されることによって、除湿材の水分吸脱着が効率よく行えるようになるとともに、伝熱シート間の伝熱が効率よく行われるようになる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer sheet, the spacer, or the corrugated sheet is composed of a fibrous sheet impregnated with the dehumidifying material, so that the dehumidifying material can efficiently absorb and desorb moisture. The heat transfer between the heat transfer sheets is efficiently performed.

請求項に係る本発明として、前記水分吸脱装置を非電導性材料で構成するとともに、前記水分吸脱装置の近傍に、前記水分吸脱装置にマイクロ波を照射するためのマイクロ波照射装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システムが提供される。 As a fifth aspect of the present invention, the microwave irradiating device is configured to irradiate the moisture absorbing / desorbing device with microwaves in the vicinity of the moisture absorbing / desorbing device while the moisture absorbing / desorbing device is made of a non-conductive material. A desiccant ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided.

上記請求項記載の本発明では、マイクロ波照射装置でマイクロ波を照射することによって、除湿材や水分吸脱装置内に吸着した水分子を励振させて加熱し、水分吸脱装置内に蓄積された水分、化学物質、臭気分子などの物質を脱着及び排出させることができる。これによって、前記除湿材の再生が効率よく行われるとともに、水分吸脱装置内を衛生的に保つことが可能となる。 In the present invention described in claim 5 , by irradiating the microwave with the microwave irradiation device, the water molecules adsorbed in the dehumidifying material and the moisture adsorption / desorption device are excited and heated, and accumulated in the moisture adsorption / desorption device. It is possible to desorb and discharge substances such as moisture, chemical substances, and odor molecules. This makes it possible to efficiently regenerate the dehumidifying material and keep the inside of the moisture absorption / desorption device hygienic.

請求項に係る本発明として、前記水分吸脱装置を回転させて給気流路と排気流路との切り換えを行う際、前記水分吸脱装置と、前記一方側ダクト又は他方側ダクトとの適正な接続位置を検出する検出機構を備えるとともに、その検出結果に応じて前記水分吸脱装置の回転を制御する制御手段を備える請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システムが提供される。 According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the moisture adsorption / desorption device is rotated to switch between the air supply passage and the exhaust passage, the moisture adsorption / desorption device and the one side duct or the other side duct are properly used. The desiccant ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a detection mechanism that detects a simple connection position and a control unit that controls rotation of the moisture adsorption / desorption device according to the detection result.

以上説明したとおり本発明によれば、除湿材の水分吸脱着が効率よく行えるようになるとともに、エネルギー効率が向上し、かつ単純な構造でコンパクトなデシカント換気システムが提供できる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently perform moisture adsorption / desorption of the dehumidifying material, improve energy efficiency, and provide a compact desiccant ventilation system with a simple structure.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳述する。
〔第1形態例〕
(デシカント換気システム1の構成)
本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1の構成について、図1〜図3に基づいて詳述する。図1は本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Aの側面図、図2はその給気流路Sを示す水平断面図、図3はその排気流路Eを示す水平断面図である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First embodiment]
(Configuration of Desiccant Ventilation System 1)
The structure of the desiccant ventilation system 1 which concerns on the 1st example of this invention is explained in full detail based on FIGS. 1-3. 1 is a side view of a desiccant ventilation system 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view showing an air supply passage S thereof, and FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view showing an exhaust passage E thereof.

本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Aは、外気の供給および室内空気の排気を併行して行うために一方側ダクト4、4’、4”と他方側ダクト5、5’、5”とを独立的に形成し、これら一方側ダクト4、4’と他方側ダクト5、5’とが近接する部位において、両ダクト間に跨るとともに、両ダクトが接続されたケーシング6A内に、除湿材7が塗布、含浸又は接着されるとともに、通気性を有しない熱交換可能な多数の伝熱シート8A、8A…によって層状に区画された多数の流路が形成され、該層状の流路は、一方側ダクト4、4’と他方側ダクト5、5’とを繋ぐとともに、交差する2組の対角関係(一方側対角4、5’及び他方側対角4’、5)の内、図2に示されるように、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4と他方側ダクト5’とが連通され、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4’と他方側ダクト5とが閉鎖された第1流路(図示例では給気流路Sとして使用)と、図3に示されるように、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4’と他方側ダクト5とが連通され、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4と他方側ダクト5’とが閉鎖された第2流路(図示例では排気流路Eとして使用)とが交互に形成され、かつ前記第1流路と第2流路とが平面的にほぼ90度の方向角度差を持つとともに、前記第1流路、第2流路及び前記ダクト4…、5…と直交する軸9Aの軸芯回りに回転可能に支持された、いわば直交流型の水分吸脱装置2Aを配置している。   The desiccant ventilation system 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention is provided with one side ducts 4, 4 ′, 4 ″ and the other side ducts 5, 5 ′, 5 in order to perform supply of outside air and exhaust of indoor air in parallel. In the casing 6A in which both the ducts are connected to each other at the portion where the one side ducts 4, 4 ′ and the other side ducts 5, 5 ′ are close to each other. The dehumidifying material 7 is applied, impregnated, or adhered, and a large number of flow paths partitioned into layers are formed by a large number of heat exchange sheets 8A, 8A. Connects the one-side ducts 4, 4 ′ and the other-side ducts 5, 5 ′, and has two sets of diagonal relationships (one-side diagonals 4, 5 ′ and other-side diagonals 4 ′, 5). Of these, as shown in FIG. 2, the one-side duct 4 has a one-sided diagonal relationship. A first channel (used as an air supply channel S in the illustrated example) in which the other side duct 5 'is communicated and the one side duct 4' and the other side duct 5 are closed due to the other side diagonal relationship; 3, the one-side duct 4 ′ and the other-side duct 5 communicate with each other in the other-side diagonal relationship, and the one-side duct 4 and the other-side duct 5 ′ are closed in the one-side diagonal relationship. Second flow paths (used as exhaust flow paths E in the illustrated example) are alternately formed, and the first flow path and the second flow path have a direction angle difference of approximately 90 degrees in a plane, A so-called cross-flow type moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A, which is rotatably supported around the axis of a shaft 9A orthogonal to the first flow path, the second flow path, and the ducts 4,. .

そして、本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Aは、所定時間毎に前記水分吸脱装置2Aを前記軸9Aの軸芯回りにほぼ90度回転させることにより、前記第1流路を給気流路Sとして一方側ダクト4から他方側ダクト5’へ流通させ、前記第2流路を排気流路Eとして一方側ダクト4’から他方側ダクト5へ流通させる状態と、前記第2流路を給気流路Sとして一方側ダクト4から他方側ダクト5’へ流通させ、前記第1流路を排気流路Eとして一方側ダクト4’から他方側ダクト5へ流通させる状態とを交互に切り換え可能となっている。   Then, the desiccant ventilation system 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention rotates the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A approximately 90 degrees around the axis of the shaft 9A every predetermined time, thereby causing the first flow path to flow. A state in which the air supply passage S is circulated from the one side duct 4 to the other side duct 5 ′, the second passage is circulated as the exhaust passage E from the one side duct 4 ′ to the other side duct 5, and the second flow The path is made to flow from the one side duct 4 to the other side duct 5 ′ as the air supply flow path S, and the state in which the first flow path is made to flow from the one side duct 4 ′ to the other side duct 5 alternately. Switching is possible.

すなわち、前記水分吸脱装置2Aは、図4、図5に示されるように、円筒形状のケーシング6A内に、多数の伝熱シート8A、8A…によって、前記給気流路S及び排気流路Eが多数の層状に区画されて形成されており、この水分吸脱装置2Aを所定時間毎に前記軸9Aの軸芯回りにほぼ90度回転させることにより、流路の切り換えが行われ、内蔵する除湿材7の吸湿と再生とが交互になされるようになっている。   That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the moisture adsorbing / desorbing device 2A includes a plurality of heat transfer sheets 8A, 8A,... Is formed by being divided into a large number of layers, and by switching the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A about 90 degrees around the axis of the shaft 9A every predetermined time, the flow path is switched and incorporated. Moisture absorption and regeneration of the dehumidifying material 7 are alternately performed.

また、本デシカント換気システム1Aには、前記水分吸脱装置2Aのケーシング6A配設部位よりも室内側において、一方側ダクト4’、4”と他方側ダクト5’、5”とに跨って、給気と排気との間で熱交換を行わしめる熱交換装置3を配設することができる。前記熱交換装置3は、一般に使用される形態の各種熱交換装置を使用することができる。図示例では、通気性を有しない熱交換可能な多数の隔壁を介して給気流路と排気流路とを交互に形成して、給気と排気との間で熱交換を行わしめる熱交換装置である。   Further, in the desiccant ventilation system 1A, the interior side of the casing 6A of the moisture adsorbing / desorbing device 2A is straddled between the one side ducts 4 ′, 4 ″ and the other side ducts 5 ′, 5 ″. A heat exchange device 3 that performs heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust gas can be provided. The heat exchange device 3 can use various types of heat exchange devices that are generally used. In the illustrated example, a heat exchange device that performs heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust gas by alternately forming the supply air flow passage and the exhaust flow passage through a plurality of heat exchangeable partition walls that do not have air permeability. It is.

なお、前記一方側ダクト4、4’、4”と前記水分吸脱装置2A又は前記熱交換装置3とは、エアーパッキンなどの気密保持部材(図示せず)により気密が保持されている。   The one-side ducts 4, 4 ', 4 "and the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A or the heat exchange device 3 are kept airtight by an airtight holding member (not shown) such as an air packing.

前記除湿材7には、従来より公知のシリカゲル、ゼオライト、高分子除湿材などを使用することができる。特に本発明では、これら各種除湿材の内、35℃等温吸着線図において、相対湿度約60%以上の湿度領域での最大吸湿量が相対湿度約30%以下の湿度領域での最大吸湿量の2倍以上のものとすることが望ましい。このような物性値を有する除湿材としては、特定量のカリウム塩型カルボシキル基を含有し、かつ架橋構造を有する有機高分子の吸放湿性重合体から構成される高分子除湿材、例えば特開2005−21840号公報に開示されるものを使用することができる。これによって、流通する空気の十分な除湿および加湿が可能になり、水分吸脱装置2Aを小型化することも可能となる。   As the dehumidifying material 7, conventionally known silica gel, zeolite, polymer dehumidifying material and the like can be used. In particular, in the present invention, among these various dehumidifying materials, in the 35 ° C. isothermal adsorption diagram, the maximum moisture absorption amount in the humidity region where the relative humidity is about 60% or more is the maximum moisture absorption amount in the humidity region where the relative humidity is about 30% or less. It is desirable to make it twice or more. As the dehumidifying material having such physical property values, a polymer dehumidifying material containing a specific amount of a potassium salt-type carboxyl group and composed of an organic polymer hygroscopic polymer having a crosslinked structure, for example, What is indicated by 2005-21840 gazette can be used. This makes it possible to sufficiently dehumidify and humidify the circulating air, and to reduce the size of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A.

前記伝熱シート8Aは、平板又は波板に形成したものを使用することができる。前記伝熱シート8Aは、その両面に、シリカゲル等の除湿材7が塗布、含浸又は接着されるようにする。具体的には、除湿材をバインダーと混合した後に塗布するか、ガラス繊維、植物繊維、動物繊維及び/又は化学繊維などの繊維状シートに直径0.1mm以下の微細粒子状とした除湿材を懸濁させた懸濁液を含浸後、乾燥固定するか、粉粒状にした除湿材を接着剤等により層状に接着することによって定着させることが望ましい。   As the heat transfer sheet 8A, a flat plate or a corrugated plate can be used. The heat transfer sheet 8A is coated, impregnated, or bonded with a dehumidifying material 7 such as silica gel on both surfaces thereof. Specifically, the dehumidifying material is applied after being mixed with a binder, or a dehumidifying material having a diameter of 0.1 mm or less on a fibrous sheet such as glass fiber, plant fiber, animal fiber and / or chemical fiber. After impregnating the suspended suspension, it is desirable to fix by drying and fixing, or by adhering the powdered dehumidifying material in layers with an adhesive or the like.

また、前記伝熱シート8Aに除湿剤を塗布、含浸又は接着する構成に代えて、粉粒状にしたシリカゲル等の除湿材と、通気性を確保するために例えば中空状に形成した充填物との混合物が、前記伝熱シート8Aの配設位置に隣接する各流路に前記伝熱シートと接するように充填されるとともに、その出入口を前記除湿材および充填物の外形寸法より小さな開口を有する通気性の膜または網により塞がれることによって配設されるようにしてもよい。   Further, instead of a configuration in which a dehumidifying agent is applied, impregnated or adhered to the heat transfer sheet 8A, a dehumidifying material such as silica gel that has been granulated, and a filler formed, for example, in a hollow shape in order to ensure air permeability The mixture is filled so that each flow path adjacent to the position where the heat transfer sheet 8A is disposed is in contact with the heat transfer sheet, and the inlet / outlet thereof has an opening smaller than the outer dimensions of the dehumidifying material and the filler. It may be arranged by being blocked by a conductive film or net.

このようにして伝熱シート8Aの両面に配設された除湿材は、一方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の除湿がなされると同時に、他方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の加湿がなされるようになっている。伝熱シート8Aの一方側面に配設された除湿材の吸湿熱(除湿材の水分吸着に伴う温度上昇)は、伝熱シート8Aを熱伝導して他方側面の除湿材を加熱して、この除湿材の水分脱着作用を促進させている。   In this way, the dehumidifying material disposed on both surfaces of the heat transfer sheet 8A is dehumidified by the dehumidifying material disposed on the one side surface and simultaneously with the dehumidifying material disposed on the other side surface. Air is humidified. Moisture absorption heat of the dehumidifying material disposed on one side surface of the heat transfer sheet 8A (temperature increase accompanying moisture adsorption of the dehumidifying material) conducts heat through the heat transfer sheet 8A and heats the dehumidifying material on the other side surface. The moisture desorption effect of the dehumidifying material is promoted.

さらに前記伝熱シート8A、8A間には、図6に示されるように、スペーサ9a又は波板9bを配設することができ、前記スペーサ9a又は波板9bの表面に除湿材が塗布、含浸又は接着されるようにしてもよい。このように、伝熱シート8Aを波板に形成するか、伝熱シート間にスペーサ9a又は波板9bを配設することにより、流通空気と除湿材との接触面積が増加して除湿効果が向上できるとともに、流通空気の整流効果や、各流路の強度を増加する効果がある。   Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a spacer 9a or corrugated plate 9b can be disposed between the heat transfer sheets 8A and 8A, and a dehumidifying material is applied and impregnated on the surface of the spacer 9a or corrugated plate 9b. Or you may make it adhere | attach. In this way, by forming the heat transfer sheet 8A on the corrugated sheet, or by disposing the spacer 9a or the corrugated sheet 9b between the heat transfer sheets, the contact area between the circulating air and the dehumidifying material is increased and the dehumidifying effect is obtained. In addition to being able to improve, there are effects of rectifying circulating air and increasing the strength of each flow path.

前記伝熱シート8Aは、前述のように一方側面に配設された除湿材の吸着熱を他方側面の除湿材に効率よく伝導させるため、鉄鋼材料や非鉄鋼材料の金属材料または非金属材料など各種工業材料のうち熱伝導性に優れたもの、好ましくは、熱伝導率170kcal/mh℃以上である材料を使用する。また、一方の流路を流通する流通空気やそれに含まれる水分が他方の流路に流入するのを防止するため、前記伝熱シート8Aは、空気や水分を透過しない材料を使用する。   As described above, the heat transfer sheet 8A efficiently conducts the heat of adsorption of the dehumidifying material disposed on one side surface to the dehumidifying material on the other side surface, so that a metal material or a nonmetallic material of a steel material or a nonferrous material is used. Among various industrial materials, those having excellent thermal conductivity, preferably materials having a thermal conductivity of 170 kcal / mh ° C. or higher are used. Further, in order to prevent circulating air flowing through one flow path and moisture contained therein from flowing into the other flow path, the heat transfer sheet 8A uses a material that does not transmit air or moisture.

本発明では、前記水分吸脱装置2Aを非電導性材料で構成するとともに、前記水分吸脱装置2Aの近傍に、前記除湿材7にマイクロ波を照射するためのマイクロ波照射装置(図示せず)を配設することが望ましい。前記マイクロ波照射装置でマイクロ波を照射することによって、除湿材7や水分吸脱装置2A内に吸着した水分子を励振させて加熱し、水分吸脱装置2A内に蓄積された水分、化学物質、臭気分子などの物質を脱着及び排出させることができる。これによって、前記除湿材7の再生が効率よく行われるとともに、水分吸脱装置2A内を衛生的に保つことが可能となる。   In the present invention, the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is made of a non-conductive material, and a microwave irradiation device (not shown) for irradiating the dehumidifying material 7 with microwaves in the vicinity of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A. ) Is desirable. By irradiating microwaves with the microwave irradiation device, water molecules adsorbed in the dehumidifying material 7 and the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A are excited and heated, and moisture and chemical substances accumulated in the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A are heated. Substances such as odor molecules can be desorbed and discharged. This makes it possible to efficiently regenerate the dehumidifying material 7 and to keep the moisture absorption / desorption device 2A hygienic.

前記マイクロ波照射装置によるマイクロ波照射時の安全性確保手段について説明する。除湿材7を内蔵した水分吸脱装置2Aおよびマイクロ波照射装置の主要構成機器を筐体内に配設し、前記筐体の外面や開口となる空気ダクトに、金属製パンチングボード、あるいは導電性材料にて形成される網状シートを配設することによって、マイクロ波の外部漏洩を防止することが可能となる。さらに、除湿材7を内包する前記水分吸脱装置2Aの構成材や容器材として、非導電性材料あるいは低誘電率の材料を使用することによって、前記マイクロ波照射装置によるマイクロ波照射時の放電や、渦電流の発生に伴うマイクロ波の損失、更には誘電体へのマイクロ波の集中などの問題が防止でき、マイクロ波照射による除湿材7及び水分吸脱装置2Aからの水分、化学物質又は臭気分子の脱着を効率よく行うことができるようになる。   The safety ensuring means at the time of microwave irradiation by the microwave irradiation apparatus will be described. The main components of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A and the microwave irradiation device incorporating the dehumidifying material 7 are arranged in a casing, and a metal punching board or a conductive material is provided in an air duct serving as an outer surface or opening of the casing. By arranging the net-like sheet formed in (1), it is possible to prevent external leakage of microwaves. Further, by using a non-conductive material or a low dielectric constant material as a constituent material or a container material of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A including the dehumidifying material 7, discharge at the time of microwave irradiation by the microwave irradiation device In addition, problems such as microwave loss due to the generation of eddy currents, and concentration of microwaves on the dielectric can be prevented, and moisture, chemical substances or moisture from the dehumidifying material 7 and the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A due to microwave irradiation can be prevented. Odor molecules can be desorbed efficiently.

各流路には、図2、図3に示されるように、給気、排気のための給気ファン10、排気ファン11がそれぞれ配設されている。モードの切り替えを行う際には、各流路に配設された給気ファン10、排気ファン11は、前記水分吸脱装置2Aの切り換え開始時に停止させ、前記水分吸脱装置2Aの切り換え完了時に再稼働させるようにすることが望ましい。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an air supply fan 10 and an exhaust fan 11 for supplying and exhausting air are disposed in each flow path, respectively. When switching modes, the air supply fan 10 and the exhaust fan 11 disposed in each flow path are stopped at the start of switching of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A, and when the switching of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is completed. It is desirable to restart.

また、水分吸脱装置2Aの切り換えを行う際、水分吸脱装置2Aのケーシング6Aが各流路のダクト4、4’、5、5’と適正に接続される位置にあるかどうかを検出する、例えば近接スイッチ、リミットスイッチ等の検出器(図示せず)と、その検出した結果により前記回転軸9Aの回転角を制御する制御手段とを備えるようにすることが好ましい。また、前記水分吸脱装置2Aとこれに接続する空気ダクト4、4’、5、5’の少なくとも1箇所以上において、両者を固定するための固定手段(図示せず)を備えるようにすることが望ましい。   Further, when the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is switched, it is detected whether or not the casing 6A of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is properly connected to the ducts 4, 4 ′, 5, 5 ′ of the respective flow paths. For example, it is preferable to include a detector (not shown) such as a proximity switch or a limit switch, and a control means for controlling the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 9A based on the detection result. Further, at least one or more of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A and the air ducts 4, 4 ′, 5 and 5 ′ connected thereto are provided with fixing means (not shown) for fixing both. Is desirable.

(デシカント換気システム1Aの運転状態)
次に、デシカント換気システム1Aの運転状態について以下詳述する。
本発明に係るデシカント換気システム1Aは、給気又は排気のためのダクトが独立的に形成されることによって、外気の供給および室内空気の排気が併行して行われるようになっている。
(Operating state of desiccant ventilation system 1A)
Next, the operation state of the desiccant ventilation system 1A will be described in detail below.
In the desiccant ventilation system 1A according to the present invention, the supply of outside air and the exhaust of room air are performed in parallel by forming ducts for supplying or exhausting air independently.

夏季運転の場合、給気流路Sにおいては、高温多湿の外気は、給気ファン10によって一方側のダクト4を通って水分吸脱装置2A内の多数の伝熱シート8A、8A…によって層状に区画された多数の給気流路S、S…に分散して導かれ、この給気流路Sに内蔵する除湿材7と接触して除湿されながら流れる。その後水分吸脱装置2Aを通過した空気は、他方側のダクト5’を通って熱交換装置3へ送られ、この流通空気と室内空気との熱交換によって冷却された後、室内へ供給される。   In the case of the summer operation, in the air supply passage S, the hot and humid outside air is stratified by a large number of heat transfer sheets 8A, 8A ... in the moisture absorption / desorption device 2A through the duct 4 on one side by the air supply fan 10. It distribute | circulates and guides to many division | segmentation air supply flow paths S, S ..., contacts the dehumidification material 7 incorporated in this air supply flow path S, and flows, dehumidifying. Thereafter, the air that has passed through the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is sent to the heat exchange device 3 through the duct 5 ′ on the other side, cooled by heat exchange between the circulating air and room air, and then supplied to the room. .

一方、排気流路Eにおいては、室内空気は、排気ファン11によって他方側のダクト5”を通って熱交換装置3に導かれ、前記給気流路Sの流通空気との熱交換によって加熱された後、一方側ダクト4’を通って水分吸脱装置2Aへ送られる。水分吸脱装置2Aの排気流路Eに導入された流通空気は、内蔵する除湿材7から水分を脱着(再生)した後、外部へ排出される。   On the other hand, in the exhaust flow path E, the indoor air is led to the heat exchange device 3 through the duct 5 ″ on the other side by the exhaust fan 11 and heated by heat exchange with the circulating air in the supply air flow path S. Thereafter, the air is sent to the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A through the one side duct 4 ', and the circulating air introduced into the exhaust passage E of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A desorbs (regenerates) moisture from the built-in dehumidifying material 7. After that, it is discharged outside.

ここで、水分吸脱装置2Aの給気流路Sにおける除湿材7の水分吸着に伴う吸着熱は、前記除湿材7に接触する伝熱シート8Aを介して、排気流路Eの除湿材7に熱伝導される。これによって、給気流路Sの除湿材7は冷却されて水分吸着が促進されるとともに、排気流路Eの除湿材7は加熱されて吸着した水分の脱着(再生)が促進されるようになる。   Here, the heat of adsorption accompanying the moisture adsorption of the dehumidifying material 7 in the air supply channel S of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is transferred to the dehumidifying material 7 in the exhaust channel E via the heat transfer sheet 8A in contact with the dehumidifying material 7. Heat conduction. As a result, the dehumidifying material 7 in the air supply passage S is cooled to promote moisture adsorption, and the dehumidifying material 7 in the exhaust passage E is heated to promote desorption (regeneration) of the adsorbed moisture. .

上述の流路構成による運転に伴って、給気流路Sに配設された除湿材7には多量の水分が吸着する。そのため、所定時間毎に流路を相互に切り換えて運転することによって、給気流路Sに配設された除湿材7の再生が可能となる。流路の切り換えは、前述の通り、前記水分吸脱装置2Aを前記軸9Aの軸芯回りにほぼ90度回転させることにより行われる。流路が切り換わることによって、これまで給気流路Sとして使用していた前記第1流路が排気流路Eとなり、これまで排気流路として使用していた前記第2流路が給気流路Sとなる。そして、給気流路Sで流通空気(給気)の除湿を行っていた除湿材7は、流通空気(排気)で水分を脱着して再生される。   Along with the operation by the above-described flow path configuration, a large amount of moisture is adsorbed to the dehumidifying material 7 disposed in the air supply flow path S. Therefore, it is possible to regenerate the dehumidifying material 7 disposed in the supply air flow path S by switching the flow paths to each other at predetermined time intervals. As described above, the flow path is switched by rotating the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A about 90 degrees around the axis of the shaft 9A. By switching the flow path, the first flow path that has been used as the supply flow path S until now becomes the exhaust flow path E, and the second flow path that has been used as the exhaust flow path until now is the supply flow path. S. And the dehumidification material 7 which performed the dehumidification of the circulation air (supply air) in the supply air flow path S is reproduced | regenerated by desorbing | moisture_content with circulation air (exhaust).

次に、水分吸脱装置2Aにおいて除湿材7が吸脱着する水分量について、図7、図8に基づいて考察する。一般に、デシカント装置の除湿材によって、外気(図7中点A:温度30℃、相対湿度65%RH、水分量18g/kg)を相対湿度40%RHの室内空気まで除湿する除湿過程では、図7に示されるように、点A→点Bへの断熱変化となり、除湿される水分量は3g/kg(=18g/kg-15g/kg)程度である。これに対し、本発明に係る水分吸脱装置2Aによる場合、前述の通り除湿材7の水分吸着に伴う吸着熱は伝熱シート8Aを通じて熱伝導されるため、同図に示されるように、点A→点Dへの除湿過程となり、除湿される水分量は10g/kg(=18g/kg-8g/kg)程度と、前述の一般的なデシカント装置より大幅に増大できる。   Next, the amount of moisture absorbed and desorbed by the dehumidifying material 7 in the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A will be discussed based on FIGS. In general, in the dehumidifying process where the outside air (point A in Fig. 7: temperature 30 ° C, relative humidity 65% RH, water content 18g / kg) is dehumidified to room air with relative humidity 40% RH by the desiccant of the desiccant device. As shown in FIG. 7, the heat insulation changes from point A to point B, and the amount of moisture to be dehumidified is about 3 g / kg (= 18 g / kg-15 g / kg). On the other hand, in the case of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A according to the present invention, as described above, the heat of adsorption accompanying moisture adsorption of the dehumidifying material 7 is thermally conducted through the heat transfer sheet 8A. A dehumidifying process from A to point D, and the amount of water to be dehumidified is about 10 g / kg (= 18 g / kg-8 g / kg), which can be greatly increased from the above-mentioned general desiccant device.

他方、室内空気(図8中点D:温度24℃、相対湿度40%RH、水分量8g/kg)により除湿材を再生する場合、一般的なデシカント装置では、図8に示されるように、点D→点Fへの断熱変化となり、脱着される水分量は1g/kg(=9g/kg-8g/kg)程度である。これに対し、本発明に係る水分吸脱装置2Aによる場合、前述の通り除湿材7の水分脱着が伝熱シート8Aを通じて熱伝導された吸着熱により促進されるため、同図に示されるように、点D→点Aへの再生過程となり、脱着される水分量は10g/kg(=18g/kg-8g/kg)程度と、前述の一般的なデシカント装置より大幅に増大できるとともに、除湿材7の吸着した水分量と脱着した水分量とをほぼ同等にすることができる。   On the other hand, when the dehumidifying material is regenerated by room air (point D in FIG. 8: temperature 24 ° C., relative humidity 40% RH, water content 8 g / kg), in a general desiccant device, as shown in FIG. The adiabatic change from point D to point F, and the amount of moisture to be desorbed is about 1 g / kg (= 9 g / kg-8 g / kg). On the other hand, in the case of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A according to the present invention, as described above, the moisture desorption of the dehumidifying material 7 is promoted by the heat of adsorption conducted through the heat transfer sheet 8A. In the regeneration process from point D to point A, the amount of water to be desorbed is about 10g / kg (= 18g / kg-8g / kg), which can be significantly increased from the above-mentioned general desiccant equipment, and dehumidifying material 7 can be made substantially equal to the amount of water adsorbed and the amount of water desorbed.

なお、本発明に係る水分吸脱装置2Aでは、除湿材による吸脱着の水分量は、伝熱シート8Aに塗布、含浸又は接着される除湿材7の量又は各流路に充填される除湿材7の量を調整すること、前記伝熱シート8Aを波形に形成すること又は前記スペーサ9a又は波板9bを配設することなどにより簡便に調整することが可能である。   In the moisture adsorbing / desorbing device 2A according to the present invention, the amount of moisture absorbed and desorbed by the dehumidifying material is the amount of the dehumidifying material 7 applied, impregnated or adhered to the heat transfer sheet 8A or the dehumidifying material filled in each flow path. 7 can be easily adjusted by forming the heat transfer sheet 8A into a corrugated shape or by arranging the spacer 9a or the corrugated plate 9b.

冬季運転の場合、前述の夏季運転の場合と流路構成については同様であるが、温湿度の授受という点で異なる。具体的には、給気流路Sにおいては、低温低湿の外気は、給気ファン10によって一方側のダクト4を通って水分吸脱装置2A内の多数の伝熱シート8A、8A…によって層状に区画された多数の給気流路S、S…に分散して導かれ、この給気流路Sに内蔵する除湿材7と接触して加湿(除湿材7が再生)されながら流れる。その後水分吸脱装置2Aを通過した空気は、他方側のダクト5’を通って熱交換装置3へ送られ、この流通空気と室内空気との熱交換によって加熱された後、室内へ供給される。   In the case of winter operation, the flow path configuration is the same as that in the case of summer operation described above, but is different in terms of temperature and humidity transfer. Specifically, in the air supply passage S, the low-temperature and low-humidity outside air is stratified by a large number of heat transfer sheets 8A, 8A ... in the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A through the duct 4 on one side by the air supply fan 10. It distribute | circulates and guides to many division | segmentation air supply flow paths S, S ..., and it flows, contacting with the dehumidification material 7 incorporated in this air supply flow path S, and humidifying (the dehumidification material 7 is reproduced | regenerated). Thereafter, the air that has passed through the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is sent to the heat exchange device 3 through the duct 5 'on the other side, heated by this heat exchange between the circulating air and room air, and then supplied to the room. .

一方、排気流路Eにおいては、室内空気は、排気ファン11によって他方側のダクト5”を通って熱交換装置3に導かれ、前記給気流路Sの流通空気との熱交換によって冷却された後、一方側ダクト4’を通って水分吸脱装置2Aへ送られる。水分吸脱装置2Aの排気流路Eに導入された流通空気は、内蔵する除湿材7に水分が吸着された後、外部へ排出される。   On the other hand, in the exhaust flow path E, the indoor air is led to the heat exchange device 3 through the duct 5 ″ on the other side by the exhaust fan 11 and cooled by heat exchange with the circulating air in the supply air flow path S. Thereafter, the air is introduced to the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A through the one side duct 4 ', and the circulation air introduced into the exhaust passage E of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is adsorbed by the built-in dehumidifying material 7, It is discharged outside.

ここで、前述の夏季運転の場合と同様に、水分吸脱装置2Aの排気流路Eにおける除湿材7の水分吸着に伴う吸着熱は、前記除湿材7に接触する伝熱シート8Aを介して、給気流路Sの除湿材7に熱伝導される。これによって、排気流路Eの除湿材7は冷却されて水分吸着が促進されるとともに、給気流路Sの除湿材7は加熱されて吸着した水分の脱着(再生)が促進されるようになる。   Here, as in the case of the summer operation described above, the heat of adsorption accompanying the moisture adsorption of the dehumidifying material 7 in the exhaust flow path E of the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2A is via the heat transfer sheet 8A in contact with the dehumidifying material 7. The heat is conducted to the dehumidifying material 7 in the air supply channel S. As a result, the dehumidifying material 7 in the exhaust passage E is cooled to promote moisture adsorption, and the dehumidifying material 7 in the air supply passage S is heated to promote desorption (regeneration) of the adsorbed moisture. .

〔参考形態例〕
本発明の参考形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Bの構成について、図9〜図11に基づいて詳述する。図9は本発明の参考形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Bの平面図、図10はその給気流路Sを示す水平断面図、図11はその排気流路Eを示す水平断面図である。
[Reference form example]
The configuration of the desiccant ventilation system 1B according to the reference embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 is a plan view of a desiccant ventilation system 1B according to a reference embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view showing the air supply passage S, and FIG. 11 is a horizontal sectional view showing the exhaust passage E.

本発明の参考形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Bは、前記第1形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Aと水分吸脱装置の流路構成及び流路の切り換えという点で異なる。具体的には、本発明の参考形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Bは、図10に示されるように、外気の供給および室内空気の排気を併行して行うために一方側ダクト4、4’と他方側ダクト5、5’とを独立的に形成し、これら一方側ダクト4、4’と他方側ダクト5、5’とが平行に配設された部位において、両ダクトに跨るとともに、両ダクトが接続された所定長さのケーシング6B内に、除湿材7が塗布、含浸又は接着されるとともに、通気性を有しない熱交換可能な多数の伝熱シート8B、8B…によって層状に区画された多数の流路が形成され、該層状の流路は、一方側ダクト4、4’と他方側ダクト5、5’とを繋ぐとともに、交差する2組の対角関係の内、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4と他方側ダクト5’とが連通され、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4’と他方側ダクト5とが閉鎖された第1流路(図示例では給気流路Sとして使用)と、図11に示されるように、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4’と他方側ダクト5とが連通され、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクト4と他方側ダクト5’とが閉鎖された第2流路(図示例では排気流路Eとして使用)とが交互に形成され、かつ前記ダクトと平行する中心軸9Bの軸芯回りに支持された、いわば対向流型の水分吸脱装置2Bを配置している。   The desiccant ventilation system 1B according to the reference embodiment of the present invention is different from the desiccant ventilation system 1A according to the first embodiment in terms of the flow path configuration and the switching of the flow path of the moisture adsorption / desorption device. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the desiccant ventilation system 1B according to the reference embodiment of the present invention includes the one-side ducts 4, 4 ′ and the like in order to perform supply of outside air and exhaust of indoor air in parallel. The other side ducts 5 and 5 'are formed independently, and the one side ducts 4 and 4' and the other side ducts 5 and 5 'are disposed in parallel to cross both the ducts. A dehumidifying material 7 is applied, impregnated, or adhered in a casing 6B having a predetermined length to which the gas is connected, and is partitioned in layers by a large number of heat transfer sheets 8B, 8B,. A large number of flow paths are formed, and the layered flow paths connect the one side ducts 4, 4 ′ and the other side ducts 5, 5 ′. Due to the relationship between the one side duct 4 and the other side duct 5 ' The first flow path (used as the air supply flow path S in the illustrated example) in which the one side duct 4 ′ and the other side duct 5 are closed due to the other side diagonal relationship, as shown in FIG. A second flow path in which the one-side duct 4 ′ and the other-side duct 5 communicate with each other in a side diagonal relationship, and the one-side duct 4 and the other-side duct 5 ′ are closed in a one-side diagonal relationship (illustrated example) Are used as the exhaust flow path E) alternately and are supported around the axis of the central axis 9B parallel to the duct.

そして、本発明の参考形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Bは、所定時間毎に前記水分吸脱装置2Bを前記軸9Bの軸芯回りにほぼ180度回転させることにより、前記第1流路を給気流路Sとして一方側ダクト4から他方側ダクト5’へ流通させ、前記第2流路を排気流路Eとして一方側ダクト4’から他方側ダクト5へ流通させる状態と、前記第2流路を給気流路Sとして一方側ダクト4から他方側ダクト5’へ流通させ、前記第1流路を排気流路Eとして一方側ダクト4’から他方側ダクト5へ流通させる状態とを交互に切り換え可能とする。
なお、上記例では給気と排気とを対向させるように流通させたが、給気と排気とを平行して流通させる平行流型としてもよい。この場合には、前記第1流路を給気流路Sとして一方側ダクト4から他方側ダクト5’へ流通させ、前記第2流路を排気流路Eとして他方側ダクト5から一方側ダクト4’へ流通させる状態と、前記第2流路を給気流路Sとして一方側ダクト4から他方側ダクト5’へ流通させ、前記第1流路を排気流路Eとして他方側ダクト5から一方側ダクト4’へ流通させる状態とを交互に切り換え可能とする。
Then, the desiccant ventilation system 1B according to the reference embodiment of the present invention supplies the first flow path by rotating the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2B approximately 180 degrees around the axis of the shaft 9B every predetermined time. A state in which the air flow path S is circulated from the one side duct 4 to the other side duct 5 ′, the second flow path is circulated as the exhaust flow path E from the one side duct 4 ′ to the other side duct 5, and the second flow path As an air supply flow path S and alternately switch between a state in which the first flow path is circulated from the one side duct 4 ′ to the other side duct 5 as the exhaust flow path E. Make it possible.
In the above example, the supply air and the exhaust are circulated so as to face each other. However, a parallel flow type in which the supply air and the exhaust are circulated in parallel may be used. In this case, the first flow path is used as the air supply flow path S to flow from the one side duct 4 to the other side duct 5 ′, and the second flow path is used as the exhaust flow path E from the other side duct 5 to the one side duct 4. And the second flow path as the supply flow path S from the one side duct 4 to the other side duct 5 ′, and the first flow path as the exhaust flow path E from the other side duct 5 to the one side The state of circulation to the duct 4 ′ can be switched alternately.

前記水分吸脱装置2Bは、図12に示されるように、円筒形状のケーシング6B内に、多数の伝熱シート8B、8B…によって、前記給気流路S及び排気流路Eが多数の層状に区画されて形成されており、この水分吸脱装置2Bを所定時間毎に前記軸9Bの軸芯回りにほぼ180度回転させることにより、流路の切り換えが行われ、内蔵する除湿材7の吸湿と再生とが交互になされるようになっている。なお、前記水分吸脱装置2Bの入口側及び出口側に、仕切板12によって給気流路Sと排気流路Eとが仕切られたヘッダー部13を設けるようにしてもよい。このようにヘッダー部13を設けることにより、各流路の流通空気の混合や漏洩が防止できるとともに、接続する各ダクト4、4’、5、5’の接続作業が容易化する。   As shown in FIG. 12, the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2B includes a plurality of heat supply sheets 8B, 8B,... In a cylindrical casing 6B. The moisture absorbing / desorbing device 2B is rotated by approximately 180 degrees around the axis of the shaft 9B every predetermined time, so that the flow path is switched and the moisture absorbing material 7 incorporated therein absorbs moisture. And playback are alternated. In addition, you may make it provide the header part 13 by which the air supply flow path S and the exhaust flow path E were partitioned off by the partition plate 12 in the entrance side and exit side of the said moisture adsorption / desorption apparatus 2B. By providing the header portion 13 in this way, mixing and leakage of the circulating air in each flow path can be prevented, and the connection work of the connected ducts 4, 4 ', 5 and 5' is facilitated.

〔他の形態例〕
(1)上記第1形態例では、水分吸脱装置2Aは、円形状に形成された伝熱シート8Aを備えるようにしたが、図13、図14に示されるように、方形状に形成された伝熱シート8Cを備えた水分吸脱装置2Cとしてもよい。このように構成することにより、伝熱シート8Cの製造が容易になるとともに、伝熱シート8Cをケーシング6C内に設置した際、前記伝熱シート8Cを外部から目視可能に構成すれば、流路の適正な位置が目視で確認できるようになる。
[Other examples]
(1) In the first embodiment, the moisture adsorbing / desorbing device 2A is provided with the heat transfer sheet 8A formed in a circular shape, but as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, it is formed in a square shape. It is good also as the moisture adsorption / desorption device 2C provided with the heat transfer sheet 8C. With this configuration, the heat transfer sheet 8C can be easily manufactured, and when the heat transfer sheet 8C is installed in the casing 6C, the heat transfer sheet 8C can be visually observed from the outside. The proper position of can be visually confirmed.

本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Aの側面図である。1 is a side view of a desiccant ventilation system 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention. その給気流路Sを示す水平断面図である。3 is a horizontal sectional view showing the air supply flow path S. FIG. その排気流路Eを示す水平断面図である。3 is a horizontal sectional view showing the exhaust flow path E. FIG. 本発明の第1形態例に係る水分吸脱装置2Aの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of 2 A of moisture adsorption / desorption apparatuses which concern on the 1st form example of this invention. 図2のV-V断面図である。FIG. 5 is a VV cross-sectional view of FIG. 2. 伝熱シート間に配設される(A)スペーサ(B)波板の配設状態図である。It is an arrangement | positioning state figure of (A) spacer (B) corrugated board arrange | positioned between heat-transfer sheets. 夏季運転時、水分吸脱装置を通過する給気の状態変化を示す空気線図である。It is an air diagram which shows the state change of the air supply which passes a moisture absorption / desorption apparatus at the time of a summer driving | operation. 夏季運転時、水分吸脱装置を通過する排気の状態変化を示す空気線図である。It is an air diagram which shows the state change of the exhaust_gas | exhaustion which passes a moisture absorption / desorption apparatus at the time of a summer driving | operation. 本発明の参考形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Bの平面図である。It is a top view of the desiccant ventilation system 1B which concerns on the reference form example of this invention. その給気流路Sを示す水平断面図である。3 is a horizontal sectional view showing the air supply flow path S. FIG. その排気流路Eを示す水平断面図である。3 is a horizontal sectional view showing the exhaust flow path E. FIG. 本発明の参考形態例に係る(A)水分吸脱装置2Bの斜視図、(B)ヘッダー部13の拡大図である。It is the perspective view of the (A) moisture absorption / desorption device 2B which concerns on the reference form example of this invention, (B) The enlarged view of the header part 13. FIG. 他の形態例に係るデシカント換気システム1Cの給気流路Sにおける縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the air supply flow path S of the desiccant ventilation system 1C which concerns on another form example. 他の形態例に係る水分吸脱装置2Cの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of moisture absorption / desorption device 2C concerning other examples.

1A・1B・1C…デシカント換気システム、2A・2B・2C…水分吸脱装置、3…熱交換装置、4・4’・4”…給気ダクト、5・5’・5”…排気ダクト、6A・6B・6C…ケーシング、7…除湿材、8A・8B・8C…伝熱シート、9A・9B…軸、10…給気ファン、11…排気ファン 1A, 1B, 1C ... Desiccant ventilation system, 2A, 2B, 2C ... Moisture absorption / desorption device, 3 ... Heat exchange device, 4'4 ', 4 "... Air supply duct, 5/5', 5" ... Exhaust duct, 6A, 6B, 6C ... casing, 7 ... dehumidifying material, 8A, 8B, 8C ... heat transfer sheet, 9A, 9B ... shaft, 10 ... air supply fan, 11 ... exhaust fan

Claims (6)

外気の供給および室内空気の排気を併行して行うために一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとを独立的に形成し、これら一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが近接する部位において、両ダクト間に跨るとともに、両ダクトが接続されたケーシング内に、両面に除湿材が塗布、含浸又は接着され、一方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の除湿がなされると同時に、他方側面に配設された除湿材によって流通空気の加湿がなされ、一方側面に配設された除湿材の吸湿熱が熱伝導して他方側面の除湿材を加熱して除湿材の水分脱着作用を促進させるとともに、通気性を有しない熱交換可能な多数の伝熱シートによって層状に区画された多数の流路が形成され、該層状の流路は、一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとを繋ぐとともに、交差する2組の対角関係の内、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが連通され、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが閉鎖された第1流路と、他方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが連通され、一方側対角の関係で一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとが閉鎖された第2流路とが交互に形成され、かつ前記第1流路と第2流路とが平面的にほぼ90度の方向角度差を持つとともに、前記第1流路、第2流路及び前記ダクトと直交する軸芯回りに回転可能に支持された水分吸脱装置を配置し、
所定時間毎に前記水分吸脱装置を前記軸芯回りにほぼ90度回転させることにより、前記第1流路を給気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させ、前記第2流路を排気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させる状態と、前記第2流路を給気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させ、前記第1流路を排気流路として一方側ダクトから他方側ダクトへ流通させる状態とを交互に切り換え可能としたことを特徴とするデシカント換気システム。
One side duct and the other side duct are formed independently to supply outside air and exhaust indoor air at the same time, and the one side duct and the other side duct straddle between both ducts. At the same time, a dehumidifying material is applied, impregnated or adhered to both sides in a casing to which both ducts are connected, and the circulating air is dehumidified by the dehumidifying material provided on one side, and at the same time provided on the other side. The dehumidifying material humidifies the circulating air, and the moisture absorption heat of the dehumidifying material disposed on one side is conducted to heat the dehumidifying material on the other side to promote the moisture desorption action of the dehumidifying material , and also breathability A large number of flow paths partitioned into layers are formed by a large number of heat-exchangeable heat transfer sheets that do not have a cross section, and the layered flow paths connect two ducts that intersect one side duct and the other side duct. Diagonal relationship A first channel in which the one-side duct and the other-side duct are communicated with each other in a one-side diagonal relationship, and the one-side duct and the other-side duct are closed in the other-side diagonal relationship; In this relationship, the one side duct and the other side duct communicate with each other, and the second flow path in which the one side duct and the other side duct are closed in a one side diagonal relationship is alternately formed, and the first flow The channel and the second channel have a difference in direction angle of approximately 90 degrees in a plane, and the moisture absorption is supported rotatably around the axis perpendicular to the first channel, the second channel, and the duct. Place the escape device,
By rotating the moisture adsorption / desorption device approximately 90 degrees around the axis at predetermined time intervals, the first flow path is used as an air supply flow path to flow from one duct to the other duct, and the second flow path is A state of flowing from one side duct to the other side duct as an exhaust flow path, a state of flowing the second flow path from the one side duct to the other side duct as an air supply flow path, and the first flow path as an exhaust flow path on one side A desiccant ventilation system characterized in that it can be switched alternately between a duct and a state of circulation from the duct to the other duct.
前記第1流路と第2流路とを仕切る伝熱シートとして平板又は波板が使用され、及び/又は前記伝熱シート間にはスペーサ又は波板が配設され、及び/又は前記スペーサ又は波板の表面に除湿材が塗布、含浸又は接着されている請求項1記載のデシカント換気システム。   A flat plate or a corrugated sheet is used as the heat transfer sheet that partitions the first flow path and the second flow path, and / or a spacer or a corrugated sheet is disposed between the heat transfer sheets, and / or the spacer or The desiccant ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein a dehumidifying material is applied, impregnated or adhered to the surface of the corrugated plate. 前記ケーシング配設部位よりも室内側において、一方側ダクトと他方側ダクトとに跨って、給気と排気との間で熱交換を行わしめる熱交換装置を配設してある請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システム。 In the indoor side of the casing disposed position of the one hand across the side duct and the other duct, claim are disposed a heat exchanger occupying perform heat exchange between the exhaust and supply air 1-2 The desiccant ventilation system according to any one of the above. 前記伝熱シート、スペーサ又は波板は、直径0.1mm以下の微細粒子状に形成した除湿材を懸濁させた懸濁液を含浸後、乾燥固定したガラス繊維、植物繊維、動物繊維及び/又は化学繊維などの繊維状シートであることを特徴とする請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システム。 The heat transfer sheet, spacer or corrugated sheet is impregnated with a suspension in which a dehumidifying material formed in a fine particle shape with a diameter of 0.1 mm or less is impregnated, and then dried and fixed to glass fiber, plant fiber, animal fiber and / or Or it is a fibrous sheet, such as a chemical fiber, The desiccant ventilation system in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記水分吸脱装置を非電導性材料で構成するとともに、前記水分吸脱装置の近傍に、前記水分吸脱装置にマイクロ波を照射するためのマイクロ波照射装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システム。 The moisture absorption / desorption device is made of a non-conductive material, and a microwave irradiation device for irradiating the moisture absorption / desorption device with microwaves is provided in the vicinity of the moisture absorption / desorption device. The desiccant ventilation system in any one of 1-4 . 前記水分吸脱装置を回転させて給気流路と排気流路との切り換えを行う際、前記水分吸脱装置と、前記一方側ダクト又は他方側ダクトとの適正な接続位置を検出する検出機構を備えるとともに、その検出結果に応じて前記水分吸脱装置の回転を制御する制御手段を備える請求項1〜いずれかに記載のデシカント換気システム。 A detection mechanism for detecting an appropriate connection position between the moisture adsorption / desorption device and the one side duct or the other side duct when the moisture adsorption / desorption device is rotated to switch between an air supply channel and an exhaust channel; The desiccant ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising control means for controlling rotation of the moisture adsorption / desorption device according to the detection result.
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