JP4388646B2

JP4388646B2 - Ventilation device operating method and ventilation device

Info

Publication number: JP4388646B2
Application number: JP30195799A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 忠則濱井
Original assignee: Teral Inc
Current assignee: Teral Inc
Priority date: 1999-10-25
Filing date: 1999-10-25
Publication date: 2009-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2019-10-25
Also published as: JP2001124380A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、主に住宅に使用される給気ファン、排気ファンを内蔵したダクト式換気装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、高気密住宅の普及に伴い、換気を確実にすることができるダクト方式の換気装置を設備することが多くなった。住宅用換気装置は第１種換気叉は第３種換気であり、いずれも給気量と排気量はほぼ同一か、もしくは給気量が排気量に比べて若干多いのが特徴である。このような換気装置とは別に、住宅内部には、例えば厨房にレンジフードファン等局所的な換気装置が配置されることが多い。
【０００３】
従来、レンジフードファンは調理時のみ運転し、調理に伴い発生する燃焼ガス、臭いを含んだ水蒸気、油煙等を屋外に強制排出するための局所排気設備で、このようなガス、水蒸気のみならず厨房内の空気を大量に排気するので、適切な給気を行わないと、レンジフードファンの排気量が減って正常に機能しない、住宅内が負圧になり隙間風が発生する、住宅外からドアが開け難い等の弊害が生ずる。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような問題を回避するために、例えば排気と同時に外気を取り入れる構造の、同時給排気形のレンジフードファンを使用し、住宅の空気調和設備とは独立して給排気を行う方法が採られる。しかしながらこのような方法を採った場合、レンジフードファン専用の給気用ダクトを設備しなければならず、ファン自体も高価になり設備費用がかさむと言う問題が生じる。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、給気ファンと排気ファンとを具えるダクト式換気装置と、前記換気装置の運転領域内で独立した排気装置とを具える換気システムにおいて、給気ファンで換気対象室に外気を給気すると同時に排気ファンで換気対象室の還気を外部に排出する第１運転方法に加えて、排気ファンの吸込口を還気口から遮断すると共に外気取入口に連通させ、排気ファンの吐出口を排気口から遮断すると共に給気口に連通させ、前記排気ファンを前記給気ファンと共に給気用として運転する第２運転方法を可能にすることを特徴とする、換気装置の運転方法に関する。
【０００６】
またこの発明は、独立した排気装置を運転する時に、前記換気装置を第１運転方法から第２運転方法に切替えるようにした、前項に記載の運転方法に関し、独立した排気装置の起動信号により、叉は手動により随時、前記換気装置の第１運転方法から第２運転方法への切替を行うようにしたものに関する。
【０００７】
またこの発明は、給気ファンと、排気ファンとを具えるダクト式換気装置と、前記換気装置の運転領域内で独立した排気装置とを具える換気システムにおいて、排気ファンの吸込口を還気口から遮断すると共に外気取入口に連通させる第１開閉扉と、排気ファンの吐出口を排気口から遮断すると共に給気口に連通させる第２開閉扉とを、換気装置内に設けたことを特徴とする、換気装置に関する。
【０００８】
さらにこの発明の換気装置では、還気と外気を熱交換させる熱交換器を設け、且つ熱交換器の下面にフィルターを取り付け、さらに換気装置のフイルターに対向する面に、開閉自在な点検口を取付けることも出来る。この熱交換器が作用するのは、第１運転方法による稼動の場合だけである。
【０００９】
【発明の効果】
この発明は以上のようにしたので、全体の換気システムから独立した排気装置、例えば厨房のレンジフードファンを運転する時に、システム内で給気が不足し、室内に負圧が生じて、換気装置の機能低下、ドアの開閉困難等の不都合が生じるのを、未然に防止することが出来る。また、換気装置の給気ダクトと排気ダクトとの間に熱交換器を設けて、別に設けた冷暖房装置の運転電力を節約することも出来る。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の態様】
この発明の換気装置の実施の態様を、図１乃至図５に示す。図１は給気ファンと排気ファンとを具えるダクト式換気装置と、前記換気装置の運転領域内で独立した排気装置とを具える換気システムの概念図で、換気装置１は給気ファン２、排気ファン３を配置し、給気ファン２は外気取入口４、外気取入ダクト５、給気ファン吸込口６を介して換気装置１内に導入した外気を昇圧し、給気ファン吐出口７、給気ダクト８、給気口９を経て室１０内に放出している。他方、室１０内の還気は還気口１１、還気ダクト１２、排気ファン吸込口１３を介して換気装置１に還流させ、排気ファン３により付勢して排気ファン吐出口１４,排気ダクト１５、排気口１６を経て外気に放出させる。
【００１１】
外気取入ダクト５と還気ダクト１２との間、及び還気ダクト１２と排気ファン吸込口１３との間には、一連の第１開閉扉１７ａ及び第２開閉扉１７ｂが設けられ,また、給気ダクト８と排気ダクト１５との間及び排気ダクト１５と排気口１６との間には一連の第３開閉扉１８ａ及び第４開閉扉１８ｂが設けられる。第１開閉扉１７ａ及び第２開閉扉１７ｂ、第３開閉扉１８ａ及び第４開閉扉１８ｂは夫々互いに連動しており,常時は第１開閉扉１７ａと第３開閉扉１８ａは閉じており、第２開閉扉１７ｂと第４開閉扉１８ｂとは開いている。
【００１２】
室１０内の厨房等で有臭,有害な煙や熱気が発生する場合、その発生箇所の上方にレンジフードファン１９を設けて、この有害雰囲気を室外に排出する。この場合、レンジフードファン１９は排気ファンのみを有し,有害雰囲気と共にその周囲の空気を吸い出すので、室１０内の空気は一時的に、外気と比較して負圧になる。この負圧のために換気装置の性能が落ちたり、またこの負圧を補償するために、外気から隙間風が室１０内に侵入したり、また外から扉を開けようとする時に重かったり,逆に急に吸込まれたりする不都合が起きる。
【００１３】
このような不都合を未然に防ぐために、室１０内でレンジフードファン１９を運転させる時には、それに連動して,叉は必要に応じて手動により、換気装置１の第１開閉扉１７ａ及び第２開閉扉１７ｂ、第３開閉扉１８ａ及び第４開閉扉１８ｂの開閉を夫々逆転させて、排気ファン３の吸込口１３と外気取入口４とを連通させるとともに、排気ファン３の吐出口１４と給気口９とを連通させる。言い換えると排気ファン３を一時的に給気ファンとして運転させ,室１０への給気を増やして、室内に負圧が生じないようにする。
【００１４】
図２に示すものは図１の実施例の変形例で、給気ファン２及び排気ファン３を含む換気装置１内の吸気部２０と排気部２１とを分ける中央隔壁２２の上流側連通孔２３に第１開閉扉１７ａを、還気ダクト接続口２４に第２開閉扉１７ｂを設け、また前記中央隔壁２２の下流側連通孔２５に第３開閉扉１８ａ、排気ダクト接続口２６に第４開閉扉１８ｂが設けられる。前述した第１実施例と同様、第１開閉扉１７ａ及び第２開閉扉１７ｂ、第３開閉扉１８ａ及び第４開閉扉１８ｂは夫々互いに連動しており,常時は第１開閉扉１７ａと第３開閉扉１８ａは閉じており、第２開閉扉１７ｂと第４開閉扉１８ｂとは開いている。
【００１５】
図３に示すものは図２に示す実施例をさらに簡略化したもので、換気装置１の第１開閉扉１７ａと第２開閉扉１７ｂ、第３開閉扉１８ａと第４開閉扉１８ｂとを夫々一体化し、第１開閉扉１７が中央隔壁２２上流側連通孔２３と、還気ダクト接続口２４とを選択的に開閉し、また第３開閉扉１８が中央隔壁２２の下流側連通孔２５と排気ダクト接続口２６とを選択的に開閉する。常時は第１開閉扉１７は中央隔壁２２の上流側連通孔２３を、また第３開閉扉１８は中央隔壁２２の下流側連通孔２５を閉鎖し、還気ダクト接続口２４から導入された還気は排気ファン３により付勢され、排気ダクト接続口２６の方へ流れる。そうして、室１０内の負圧発生時には第１開閉扉１７及び第２開閉扉１８が還気ダクト接続口２４及び排気ダクト接続口２６をそれぞれ閉鎖すると同時に、中央隔壁２２の上流側連通孔２３及び下流側連通孔２５を開放して、排気ファン３は吸気ファン２と並列運転を行い、室１０内の負圧を解消させるように働く。
【００１６】
図４に示すものは, 換気装置１の排気ダクト側と外気取入ダクト側との間に上向き平行流方式回転形熱交換器２７を設け ,排気中に放出される熱を吸気中に採りこみ,空気調和を図る。図５に示すものは、熱交換器２７の下面にフィルター２８を取り付け、さらに換気装置１のフイルターに対向する面に、開閉自在な点検口２９を取付けた実施例を示す。点検口２９は熱交換器２７やその給気側下流に設けたフイルタ−２８の点検や交換に供する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の、給気ファンと排気ファンとを具えるダクト式換気装置と、前記換気装置の運転領域内で独立した排気装置とを具える換気システムの概念図である。
【図２】図１の実施例の変形例を示す。
【図３】図１の実施例の更に別の変形例を示す。
【図４】この発明の換気装置において、熱交換器を組み込んだ例を示す。
【図５】この発明の換気装置において、熱交換器、フイルタ−及び点検口を組み込んだ例出、図４のＡ−Ａ線で切断した断面を示す。
【符号の説明】
１換気装置
２給気ファン
３排気ファン
４外気取入口
５外気取入ダクト
６給気ファン吸込口
７給気ファン吐出口
８給気ダクト
９給気口
１０室
１１還気口
１２還気ダクト
１３排気ファン吸込口
１４排気ファン吐出口
１５排気ダクト
１６排気口
１７、１７ａ第１開閉扉
１７ｂ第２開閉扉
１８、１８ａ第3開閉扉
１８ｂ第４開閉扉
１９レンジフードファン
２０給気部
２１排気部
２２中央隔壁
２３上流側連通孔
２４還気ダクト接続口
２５下流側連通孔
２６排気ダクト接続口
２７熱交換器
２８フイルタ−
２９点検口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a duct type ventilation device incorporating an air supply fan and an exhaust fan mainly used in a house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with the spread of highly airtight houses, a duct type ventilation device that can ensure ventilation is often installed. The residential ventilator is of the first type or the third type and is characterized in that the air supply amount and the exhaust amount are almost the same or the air supply amount is slightly larger than the exhaust amount. Apart from such a ventilator, a local ventilator, such as a range hood fan, is often arranged inside a house, for example, in a kitchen.
[0003]
Conventionally, a range hood fan is operated only during cooking, and is a local exhaust facility for forcibly discharging combustion gas, odor-containing steam, oily smoke, etc. generated during cooking to the outdoors. Exhaust the air in the kitchen in large quantities, so if you do not supply the air properly, the range hood fan will not discharge properly and will not function properly. Defects such as difficulty in opening the door occur.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to avoid such a problem, for example, a method of using a simultaneous hood / exhaust type range hood fan having a structure for taking in outside air at the same time as exhaust and supplying and exhausting air independently from the air conditioning equipment in the house is adopted. . However, when such a method is adopted, an air supply duct dedicated to the range hood fan must be installed, which causes a problem that the fan itself becomes expensive and equipment cost increases.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a ventilation system including a duct type ventilation device including an air supply fan and an exhaust fan, and an independent exhaust device within an operation region of the ventilation device, and the outside air is exhausted to the ventilation target room by the air supply fan. In addition to the first operation method in which the return air of the ventilation target room is exhausted to the outside by the exhaust fan at the same time as the air is supplied, the exhaust fan intake port is shut off from the return air inlet and communicated with the outside air intake to discharge the exhaust fan. A ventilator operation method characterized by enabling a second operation method in which an outlet is shut off from an exhaust port and communicated with an air supply port, and the exhaust fan is operated for air supply together with the air supply fan. .
[0006]
Further, the present invention relates to the operation method according to the preceding item, wherein when the independent exhaust device is operated, the ventilation device is switched from the first operation method to the second operation method. In addition, the present invention relates to a device that switches from the first operation method to the second operation method of the ventilation device at any time manually.
[0007]
Further, the present invention provides a ventilation system including a duct type ventilation device including an air supply fan and an exhaust fan, and an exhaust device independent in an operation region of the ventilation device, and a suction port of the exhaust fan is returned to the return air. The ventilator is provided with a first opening / closing door that shuts off from the opening and communicates with the outside air inlet, and a second opening / closing door that shuts off the discharge port of the exhaust fan from the exhaust port and communicates with the air supply port. It is related with the ventilation apparatus characterized.
[0008]
Furthermore, in the ventilator according to the present invention, a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the return air and the outside air is provided, a filter is attached to the lower surface of the heat exchanger, and an openable / closable inspection port is provided on the surface facing the filter of the ventilator. It can also be attached. This heat exchanger works only when operating according to the first operating method.
[0009]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention has been described above, when operating an exhaust device independent of the entire ventilation system, for example, a range hood fan in a kitchen, supply air is insufficient in the system, and negative pressure is generated in the room, so that the ventilation device It is possible to prevent inconveniences such as lowering of the function and difficulty in opening and closing the door. In addition, a heat exchanger can be provided between the air supply duct and the exhaust duct of the ventilation device to save the operating power of the separately provided air conditioning unit.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the ventilator of the present invention are shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a ventilation system including a duct type ventilation device including an air supply fan and an exhaust fan, and an independent exhaust device within an operation region of the ventilation device. The ventilation device 1 includes an air supply fan 2. The exhaust fan 3 is disposed, and the air supply fan 2 boosts the outside air introduced into the ventilator 1 through the outside air inlet 4, the outside air intake duct 5, and the air supply fan intake port 6, and supplies the air supply fan discharge port. 7, the air is discharged into the chamber 10 through the air supply duct 8 and the air supply port 9. On the other hand, the return air in the chamber 10 is returned to the ventilator 1 through the return air port 11, the return air duct 12, and the exhaust fan suction port 13, and energized by the exhaust fan 3 to be exhausted from the exhaust fan discharge port 14 and the exhaust duct. 15, it is discharged to the outside air through the exhaust port 16.
[0011]
Between the outside air intake duct 5 and the return air duct 12, and between the return air duct 12 and the exhaust fan suction port 13, a series of first opening / closing doors 17a and second opening / closing doors 17b are provided, A series of third opening / closing doors 18 a and fourth opening / closing doors 18 b are provided between the air supply duct 8 and the exhaust duct 15 and between the exhaust duct 15 and the exhaust port 16. The first opening / closing door 17a, the second opening / closing door 17b, the third opening / closing door 18a, and the fourth opening / closing door 18b are interlocked with each other, and the first opening / closing door 17a and the third opening / closing door 18a are normally closed. The second opening / closing door 17b and the fourth opening / closing door 18b are open.
[0012]
When odorous and harmful smoke or hot air is generated in a kitchen or the like in the room 10, a range hood fan 19 is provided above the generation location to discharge this harmful atmosphere to the outside. In this case, the range hood fan 19 has only an exhaust fan and sucks out ambient air together with a harmful atmosphere, so the air in the chamber 10 temporarily has a negative pressure compared to the outside air. This negative pressure reduces the performance of the ventilator, and in order to compensate for this negative pressure, air from the outside enters the chamber 10 and is heavy when trying to open the door from the outside. Conversely, inconveniences such as sudden inhalation occur.
[0013]
In order to prevent such inconvenience, when the range hood fan 19 is operated in the room 10, the first opening / closing door 17a and the second opening / closing of the ventilation device 1 are interlocked with it or manually as necessary. The opening and closing of the door 17b, the third opening / closing door 18a, and the fourth opening / closing door 18b are reversed so that the suction port 13 of the exhaust fan 3 communicates with the outside air intake 4, and the discharge port 14 of the exhaust fan 3 and the supply air The mouth 9 is communicated. In other words, the exhaust fan 3 is temporarily operated as an air supply fan, and the air supply to the chamber 10 is increased so that no negative pressure is generated in the room.
[0014]
FIG. 2 shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 1, and the upstream side communication hole 23 of the central partition wall 22 that separates the intake section 20 and the exhaust section 21 in the ventilation device 1 including the air supply fan 2 and the exhaust fan 3. The first opening / closing door 17a is provided, the return air duct connecting port 24 is provided with the second opening / closing door 17b, the third opening / closing door 18a is provided in the downstream communication hole 25 of the central partition wall 22, and the fourth opening / closing is provided in the exhaust duct connecting port 26. A door 18b is provided. As in the first embodiment, the first opening / closing door 17a, the second opening / closing door 17b, the third opening / closing door 18a, and the fourth opening / closing door 18b are interlocked with each other. The open / close door 18a is closed, and the second open / close door 17b and the fourth open / close door 18b are open.
[0015]
FIG. 3 shows a further simplification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the first opening / closing door 17a and the second opening / closing door 17b, the third opening / closing door 18a and the fourth opening / closing door 18b of the ventilation device 1 are respectively shown. The first opening / closing door 17 selectively opens and closes the upstream communication hole 23 of the central partition wall 22 and the return air duct connection port 24, and the third opening / closing door 18 connects with the downstream communication hole 25 of the central partition wall 22. The exhaust duct connection port 26 is selectively opened and closed. Normally, the first opening / closing door 17 closes the upstream communication hole 23 of the central partition wall 22, and the third opening / closing door 18 closes the downstream communication hole 25 of the central partition wall 22, and the return introduced from the return air duct connection port 24. The air is energized by the exhaust fan 3 and flows toward the exhaust duct connection port 26. Thus, when negative pressure is generated in the chamber 10, the first opening / closing door 17 and the second opening / closing door 18 close the return air duct connection port 24 and the exhaust duct connection port 26, respectively, and at the same time, the upstream communication hole of the central partition wall 22. 23 and the downstream communication hole 25 are opened, and the exhaust fan 3 operates in parallel with the intake fan 2 so as to eliminate the negative pressure in the chamber 10.
[0016]
In FIG. 4, an upward parallel flow type rotary heat exchanger 27 is provided between the exhaust duct side and the outside air intake duct side of the ventilator 1, and the heat released into the exhaust is taken into the intake air. Therefore, air conditioning is aimed at. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which a filter 28 is attached to the lower surface of the heat exchanger 27 and an openable / closable inspection port 29 is attached to the surface of the ventilation device 1 that faces the filter. The inspection port 29 serves for inspection and replacement of the heat exchanger 27 and the filter 28 provided on the downstream side of the air supply side.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a ventilation system comprising a duct type ventilator having an air supply fan and an exhaust fan, and an independent exhaust device in an operating region of the ventilator according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 shows still another modification of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 4 shows an example in which a heat exchanger is incorporated in the ventilation device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4 showing an example in which a heat exchanger, a filter, and an inspection port are incorporated in the ventilation device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation device 2 Air supply fan 3 Exhaust fan 4 Outside air intake 5 Outside air intake duct 6 Supply air fan inlet 7 Supply air fan outlet 8 Supply air duct 9 Supply air port 10 Chamber 11 Return air port 12 Return air duct 13 Exhaust fan intake port 14 Exhaust fan discharge port 15 Exhaust duct 16 Exhaust port 17, 17a First open / close door 17b Second open / close door 18, 18a Third open / close door 18b Fourth open / close door 19 Range hood fan 20 Air supply unit 21 Exhaust unit 22 Central bulkhead 23 Upstream communication hole 24 Return air duct connection port 25 Downstream communication hole 26 Exhaust duct connection port 27 Heat exchanger 28 Filter
29 Inspection port

Claims

給気ファンと排気ファンとを具えるダクト式換気装置と、前記換気装置の運転領域内で独立した排気装置とを具える換気システムにおいて、給気ファンで換気対象室に外気を給気すると同時に排気ファンで換気対象室の還気を外部に排出する第１運転方法に加えて、排気ファンの吸込口を還気口から遮断すると共に外気取入口に連通させ、排気ファンの吐出口を排気口から遮断すると共に給気口に連通させ、前記排気ファンを前記給気ファンと共に給気用として運転する第２運転方法を行うことを特徴とする、換気装置の運転方法。In a ventilation system comprising a duct type ventilator comprising an air supply fan and an exhaust fan and an independent exhaust device within the operating area of the ventilator, simultaneously supplying outside air to the ventilation target room with the air supply fan In addition to the first operation method of exhausting the return air of the ventilation target room to the outside with an exhaust fan, the exhaust fan suction port is shut off from the return air port and communicated with the outside air intake, and the exhaust fan discharge port is connected to the exhaust port. And a second operation method for operating the exhaust fan together with the air supply fan for supplying air, and shutting off from the air supply port.

前記独立した排気装置を運転する時に、前記換気装置を第１運転方法から第２運転方法に切替えるようにした、請求項１に記載の運転方法。The operation method according to claim 1, wherein when the independent exhaust device is operated, the ventilation device is switched from the first operation method to the second operation method.

前記独立した排気装置の起動信号により、前記換気装置の第１運転方法から第２運転方法への切替を行うようにした、請求項２に記載の運転方法。The operation method according to claim 2, wherein switching from the first operation method to the second operation method of the ventilation device is performed by a start signal of the independent exhaust device.

前記換気装置の第１運転方法から第２運転方法への切替を手動により随時行うようにした、請求項２に記載の運転方法。The operation method according to claim 2, wherein switching from the first operation method to the second operation method of the ventilation device is performed manually as needed.

給気ファンと排気ファンとを具えるダクト式換気装置と、前記換気装置の運転領域内で独立した排気装置とを具える換気システムにおいて、排気ファンの吸込口を還気口から遮断すると共に外気取入口に連通させる第１開閉扉と、排気ファンの吐出口を排気口から遮断すると共に給気口に連通させる第２開閉扉とを、換気装置内に設けたことを特徴とする、換気装置。In a ventilation system comprising a duct type ventilation device including an air supply fan and an exhaust fan and an independent exhaust device within the operation area of the ventilation device, the intake port of the exhaust fan is blocked from the return air port and the outside air A ventilator characterized in that a first open / close door communicating with the intake port and a second open / close door blocking the discharge port of the exhaust fan from the exhaust port and communicating with the air supply port are provided in the ventilator. .

換気装置に還気と外気を熱交換させる熱交換器を設けた、請求項５に記載の換気装置。The ventilator according to claim 5, wherein the ventilator is provided with a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the return air and the outside air.

前記熱交換器は上向き平行流方式回転形とし、熱交換器の下面にフィルターを取り付け、さらに換気装置のフイルターに対向する面に、開閉自在な点検口を取付けた、請求項６に記載の換気装置。The ventilation according to claim 6, wherein the heat exchanger is an upward parallel flow type rotary type, a filter is attached to the lower surface of the heat exchanger, and an openable / closable inspection port is attached to a surface facing the filter of the ventilation device. apparatus.