JP4387289B2 - Smoke drying equipment and wood smoke drying method - Google Patents

Smoke drying equipment and wood smoke drying method Download PDF

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JP4387289B2
JP4387289B2 JP2004343316A JP2004343316A JP4387289B2 JP 4387289 B2 JP4387289 B2 JP 4387289B2 JP 2004343316 A JP2004343316 A JP 2004343316A JP 2004343316 A JP2004343316 A JP 2004343316A JP 4387289 B2 JP4387289 B2 JP 4387289B2
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雄二 宗田
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株式会社ホーム建材店
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Description

本発明は、燻煙乾燥木材を製造するための燻煙乾燥設備および木材の燻煙乾燥方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a soot drying equipment and a soot drying method for producing soot dry wood.

従来の木材の燻煙乾燥方法として、木材の燻煙乾燥時に発生する燻液に、燻煙乾燥前の木材を浸した後、木材中心温度７０〜９０℃で、乾燥対象木材および外気温度に応じ５〜１０日間低温燻煙乾燥し、その後、外気温度と木材の中心温度差が８度以内になるまで放置する方法がある（特許文献１参照）。この方法では、低温燻煙乾燥の時、ファンが外部の空気を加圧室の内部に送風し、加圧室に連通する燃焼炉にその空気を供給することにより燃焼を促進させて、木材を配置した乾燥室に燻煙を供給するようになっている。加圧室から燃焼炉への空気の供給は、コンピュータ制御された空気調整ダンパーにより自動調整可能になっている。   As a conventional method for drying soot of wood, after soaking the wood before soot drying in the soot generated at the time of wood soot drying, depending on the wood to be dried and the outside air temperature at a wood center temperature of 70 to 90 ° C There is a method of drying at low temperature soot for 5 to 10 days and then leaving it until the difference between the outside air temperature and the center temperature of the wood is within 8 degrees (see Patent Document 1). In this method, during low-temperature soot drying, the fan blows external air into the pressurizing chamber and supplies the air to a combustion furnace communicating with the pressurizing chamber to promote combustion, thereby Smoke is supplied to the drying room. The supply of air from the pressurizing chamber to the combustion furnace can be automatically adjusted by a computer-controlled air adjustment damper.

特開２００１−１３３１４７号公報JP 2001-133147 A

しかしながら、特許文献１記載の燻煙乾燥方法では、空気調整ダンパーを閉じたときファンが回転を続けるため、加圧室の圧力が上昇する。その後、空気調整ダンパーを開くと、加圧室の圧力により必要以上に燃焼炉に空気が流れ込むため、燃焼状態にムラが生じるという課題があった。このため、乾燥木材の品質にばらつきが大きくなり、品質管理が困難であるという課題もあった。   However, in the smoke drying method described in Patent Document 1, since the fan continues to rotate when the air adjustment damper is closed, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber increases. After that, when the air adjustment damper is opened, air flows into the combustion furnace more than necessary due to the pressure in the pressurizing chamber, which causes a problem that unevenness occurs in the combustion state. For this reason, there has been a problem that the quality of the dry wood varies greatly and quality control is difficult.

本発明は、このような課題に着目してなされたもので、安定した燃焼状態を維持可能で、乾燥木材の品質管理が容易な燻煙乾燥設備および木材の燻煙乾燥方法を提供することを目的としている。   The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and provides a soot drying equipment and a soot drying method capable of maintaining a stable combustion state and easy quality control of dry wood. It is aimed.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る燻煙乾燥設備は、乾燥室の内部に配置された木材の燻煙乾燥を行う燻煙乾燥設備であって、燃焼炉と加圧室と加圧ファンとダンパと温度センサと圧力センサと制御部とを有し、前記燃焼炉は燃料を燃やして前記乾燥室に燻煙を供給可能に設けられ、前記加圧室は前記燃焼炉に空気を供給する供給口を有し、前記加圧ファンは制御信号により外部の空気を前記加圧室の内部に送風可能に設けられ、前記ダンパは制御信号により前記供給口を開閉可能に設けられ、前記温度センサは前記乾燥室の室温を測定可能に設けられ、前記圧力センサは前記加圧室の圧力を測定可能に設けられ、前記制御部は前記温度センサの測定温度を入力して、その測定温度が所定の設定温度より低いとき前記供給口を開き、高いとき前記供給口を閉じるよう前記ダンパに制御信号を出力し、前記圧力センサの測定圧力を入力して、その測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より低いとき回転数を上げ、高いとき回転数を下げるよう前記加圧ファンに制御信号を出力する構成を有することを、特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a soot drying equipment according to the present invention is a soot drying equipment that performs soot drying of wood disposed in a drying chamber, and comprises a combustion furnace, a pressurizing chamber, and a pressurizing device. It has a fan, a damper, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a control unit, the combustion furnace is provided so as to be able to burn fuel and supply smoke to the drying chamber, and the pressurization chamber supplies air to the combustion furnace The pressurizing fan is provided so that external air can be blown into the pressurizing chamber by a control signal, and the damper is provided so as to open and close the supply port by a control signal, and the temperature The sensor is provided so as to be able to measure the room temperature of the drying chamber, the pressure sensor is provided so as to be able to measure the pressure of the pressurizing chamber, and the control unit inputs the measurement temperature of the temperature sensor, and the measurement temperature is When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, open the supply port and When the control pressure is output to the damper to close the supply port, the measured pressure of the pressure sensor is input, and when the measured pressure is lower than a predetermined set pressure, the rotational speed is increased, and when the measured pressure is higher, the rotational speed is decreased. It has the structure which outputs a control signal to the said pressurization fan, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

本発明に係る燻煙乾燥設備は、以下のようにして使用される。まず、乾燥室の内部に木材を配置した後、燃焼炉で燃料を燃やして乾燥室に燻煙を供給する。燃焼中、温度センサにより乾燥室の室温を測定し、圧力センサにより加圧室の圧力を測定する。温度センサによる測定温度が所定の設定温度より低いとき、制御部の制御信号によりダンパが加圧室の供給口を開く。このとき、圧力センサによる測定圧力が所定の設定圧力よりも低ければ、制御部の制御信号により加圧ファンが回転数を上げ、外部の空気を加圧室の内部に送風する。その空気が供給口から燃焼炉に供給されるため、燃焼炉の内部の燃焼が促進される。   The soot drying equipment according to the present invention is used as follows. First, after placing wood inside the drying chamber, the fuel is burned in a combustion furnace and the soot is supplied to the drying chamber. During combustion, the temperature sensor measures the room temperature of the drying chamber, and the pressure sensor measures the pressure of the pressurizing chamber. When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is lower than a predetermined set temperature, the damper opens the supply port of the pressurizing chamber by the control signal of the control unit. At this time, if the pressure measured by the pressure sensor is lower than a predetermined set pressure, the pressurizing fan increases the rotational speed by the control signal of the control unit, and blows outside air into the pressurizing chamber. Since the air is supplied from the supply port to the combustion furnace, combustion inside the combustion furnace is promoted.

加圧室の供給口が開いた状態で、圧力センサによる測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より高くなると、制御部の制御信号により加圧ファンが回転数を下げる。加圧ファンによる空気の送風量より、加圧室から燃焼炉に供給される空気の量が多くなると、加圧室の圧力が下がり、設定圧力より低くなると再び加圧ファンが回転数を上げる。   When the pressure measured by the pressure sensor becomes higher than a predetermined set pressure while the supply port of the pressurizing chamber is open, the pressurizing fan decreases the rotational speed by the control signal of the control unit. When the amount of air supplied from the pressurizing chamber to the combustion furnace is larger than the amount of air blown by the pressurizing fan, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber decreases, and when the pressure is lower than the set pressure, the pressurizing fan increases the rotational speed again.

燃焼炉の燃焼が促進され、温度センサによる測定温度が所定の設定温度より高くなると、制御部の制御信号によりダンパが加圧室の供給口を閉じる。このとき、加圧ファンが外部の空気を加圧室の内部に送風するため、加圧室の圧力が上がり、設定圧力よりも高くなる。すると、制御部の制御信号により加圧ファンが回転数を下げるため、加圧室の圧力が上がり続けるのを防ぎ、加圧室の圧力を所定の圧力以下に維持することができる。   When combustion in the combustion furnace is promoted and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor becomes higher than a predetermined set temperature, the damper closes the supply port of the pressurizing chamber by the control signal of the control unit. At this time, since the pressure fan blows outside air into the pressure chamber, the pressure in the pressure chamber rises and becomes higher than the set pressure. Then, since the pressurization fan reduces the rotation speed by the control signal of the control unit, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the pressurization chamber from continuing to increase and maintain the pressure in the pressurization chamber below a predetermined pressure.

また、加圧室の供給口が閉じた状態では、燃焼炉に空気が供給されないため、燃焼が抑制されて乾燥室の室温が下がる。乾燥室の室温が設定温度より低くなると、再びダンパが加圧室の供給口を開く。このとき、加圧室の圧力が所定の圧力以下に維持されているため、加圧室の供給口から燃焼炉に供給される空気の量を抑えることができる。このため、燃焼状態にムラを生じにくく、安定した燃焼状態を維持することができる。また、これにより、乾燥木材の品質のばらつきを抑えることができ、品質管理が容易である。   Further, when the supply port of the pressurizing chamber is closed, air is not supplied to the combustion furnace, so that combustion is suppressed and the room temperature of the drying chamber is lowered. When the room temperature of the drying chamber becomes lower than the set temperature, the damper opens the supply port of the pressurizing chamber again. At this time, since the pressure in the pressurizing chamber is maintained below a predetermined pressure, the amount of air supplied from the supply port of the pressurizing chamber to the combustion furnace can be suppressed. For this reason, the combustion state is less likely to be uneven, and a stable combustion state can be maintained. In addition, this makes it possible to suppress variations in the quality of dry wood and facilitate quality control.

本発明に係る燻煙乾燥設備で、設定温度は、乾燥させる木材の種類などに応じて任意に設定可能であることが好ましい。また、設定圧力は、燃焼させる燃料の状態や種類、燃焼炉や加圧室の気密性などに応じて任意に設定可能であることが好ましい。ダンパは、加圧室の供給口を手動で開閉可能であってもよい。制御部は、圧力センサによる測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より高いとき、回転を停止するよう加圧ファンに制御信号を出力する構成を有していてもよい。   In the smoke drying apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the set temperature can be arbitrarily set according to the type of wood to be dried. Moreover, it is preferable that the set pressure can be arbitrarily set according to the state and type of the fuel to be burned, the airtightness of the combustion furnace and the pressurizing chamber, and the like. The damper may be capable of manually opening and closing the supply port of the pressurizing chamber. The control unit may have a configuration for outputting a control signal to the pressure fan so as to stop the rotation when the pressure measured by the pressure sensor is higher than a predetermined set pressure.

本発明に係る木材の燻煙乾燥方法は、乾燥室の内部に配置された木材の燻煙乾燥方法であって、燃焼炉が燃料を燃やして前記乾燥室に燻煙を供給可能に設けられ、加圧室に空気の供給口で連通しており、加圧ファンが外部の空気を前記加圧室の内部に送風可能に設けられており、前記乾燥室に木材を配置し、前記燃焼炉で燃料を燃やして前記乾燥室に燻煙を供給し、前記乾燥室の室温を測定してその測定温度が所定の設定温度より低いとき前記供給口を開き、高いとき前記供給口を閉じ、前記加圧室の圧力を測定してその測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より低いとき加圧ファンの回転数を上げ、高いとき加圧ファンの回転数を下げることを、特徴とする。 The wood smoke drying method according to the present invention is a wood smoke drying method disposed inside a drying chamber, and a combustion furnace is provided so as to supply fuel to the drying chamber by burning fuel, pressure chamber communicates with the supply port of the air, the pressurized fan is provided to allow blowing external air to the inside of the pressure chamber, placing the timber in the drying chamber, in the combustion furnace The fuel is burned and smoke is supplied to the drying chamber. The room temperature of the drying chamber is measured. When the measured temperature is lower than a predetermined set temperature, the supply port is opened. The pressure of the pressure chamber is measured, and when the measured pressure is lower than a predetermined set pressure , the rotational speed of the pressure fan is increased , and when the measured pressure is high , the rotational speed of the pressure fan is decreased .

本発明に係る木材の燻煙乾燥方法は、本発明に係る燻煙乾燥設備により好適に実施される。乾燥室の測定温度が所定の設定温度より低く、供給口を開いたとき、加圧室の測定圧力が所定の設定圧力よりも低ければ、加圧ファンの回転数を上げ、加圧室に外部の空気を供給する。このとき、その空気が供給口から燃焼炉に供給されて燃焼炉の内部の燃焼が促進される。 The soot drying method for wood according to the present invention is suitably implemented by the soot drying equipment according to the present invention. If the measured temperature in the drying chamber is lower than the preset temperature and the supply port is opened, if the measured pressure in the pressurization chamber is lower than the preset pressure, the rotational speed of the pressurization fan is increased and the pressure chamber is Supply the air. At this time, the air is supplied from the supply port to the combustion furnace, and combustion inside the combustion furnace is promoted.

供給口が開いた状態で、測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より高くなると、加圧ファンの回転数を下げる。このとき、加圧室の内部の空気が燃焼炉に供給されるため、加圧室の圧力が下がり、設定圧力より低くなると再び加圧室に外部の空気を供給する。 When the measured pressure becomes higher than a predetermined set pressure with the supply port opened, the rotational speed of the pressure fan is decreased . At this time, since the air inside the pressurizing chamber is supplied to the combustion furnace, when the pressure in the pressurizing chamber decreases and becomes lower than the set pressure, external air is supplied to the pressurizing chamber again.

燃焼炉の燃焼が促進され、乾燥室の測定温度が所定の設定温度より高くなると、供給口を閉じる。このとき、加圧室に外部の空気を供給するため、加圧室の圧力が上がり、設定圧力よりも高くなる。すると、加圧ファンの回転数を下げるため、加圧室の圧力が上がり続けるのを防ぎ、加圧室の圧力を所定の圧力以下に維持することができる。 When combustion in the combustion furnace is promoted and the measured temperature of the drying chamber becomes higher than a predetermined set temperature, the supply port is closed. At this time, since external air is supplied to the pressurizing chamber, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber increases and becomes higher than the set pressure. Then, since the rotation speed of the pressurizing fan is lowered, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the pressurizing chamber from continuing to increase, and to maintain the pressure in the pressurizing chamber below a predetermined pressure.

また、供給口が閉じた状態では、燃焼炉に空気が供給されないため、燃焼が抑制されて乾燥室の室温が下がる。乾燥室の室温が設定温度より低くなると、供給口を開く。このとき、加圧室の圧力が所定の圧力以下に維持されているため、加圧室の供給口から燃焼炉に供給される空気の量を抑えることができる。このため、燃焼状態にムラを生じにくく、安定した燃焼状態を維持することができる。また、これにより、乾燥木材の品質のばらつきを抑えることができ、品質管理が容易である。   Further, when the supply port is closed, air is not supplied to the combustion furnace, so that combustion is suppressed and the room temperature of the drying chamber is lowered. When the room temperature of the drying chamber is lower than the set temperature, the supply port is opened. At this time, since the pressure in the pressurizing chamber is maintained below a predetermined pressure, the amount of air supplied from the supply port of the pressurizing chamber to the combustion furnace can be suppressed. For this reason, the combustion state is less likely to be uneven, and a stable combustion state can be maintained. In addition, this makes it possible to suppress variations in the quality of dry wood and facilitate quality control.

本発明に係る木材の燻煙乾燥方法で、設定温度は、乾燥させる木材の種類などに応じて任意に設定可能であることが好ましい。また、設定圧力は、燃焼させる燃料の状態や種類、燃焼炉や加圧室の気密性などに応じて任意に設定可能であることが好ましい。   In the wood smoke drying method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the set temperature can be arbitrarily set according to the type of wood to be dried. Moreover, it is preferable that the set pressure can be arbitrarily set according to the state and type of the fuel to be burned, the airtightness of the combustion furnace and the pressurizing chamber, and the like.

本発明によれば、安定した燃焼状態を維持可能で、乾燥木材の品質管理が容易な燻煙乾燥設備および木材の燻煙乾燥方法を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a soot drying facility and a wood soot drying method capable of maintaining a stable combustion state and easy quality control of dry wood.

以下、図面に基づき、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
図１乃至図７は、本発明の実施の形態の燻煙乾燥設備および木材の燻煙乾燥方法を示している。
図１乃至図７に示すように、燻煙乾燥設備１０は、乾燥室１１と風除室１２と制御室１３と機械室１４と燃焼炉１５と加圧室１６と加圧ファン１７と自動ダンパ１８と手動ダンパ１９と温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃと圧力センサ２１と制御部２２とを有している。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 7 show a soot drying equipment and a soot drying method for wood according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, the soot drying equipment 10 includes a drying chamber 11, a wind chamber 12, a control chamber 13, a machine chamber 14, a combustion furnace 15, a pressurizing chamber 16, a pressurizing fan 17, and an automatic damper. 18, a manual damper 19, temperature sensors 20 a, 20 b, 20 c, a pressure sensor 21, and a control unit 22.

図４に示すように、乾燥室１１は、気密性を有し、内壁２３と外壁２４と扉２５とを有している。図１乃至図４に示すように、内壁２３は、ステンレス製で熱伝導構造を有し、外壁２４は、断熱性のパネルから成り断熱構造を有している。図１および図２に示すように、扉２５は、断熱性を有し、内部に出入り可能に乾燥室１１の正面側に設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the drying chamber 11 is airtight and includes an inner wall 23, an outer wall 24, and a door 25. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the inner wall 23 is made of stainless steel and has a heat conductive structure, and the outer wall 24 is formed of a heat insulating panel and has a heat insulating structure. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the door 25 has a heat insulating property, and is provided on the front side of the drying chamber 11 so as to be able to enter and exit.

図１乃至図４に示すように、乾燥室１１は、排出バルブ２６と送風装置２７と空気循環装置２８を有している。排出バルブ２６は、乾燥室１１の側部に、内壁２３および外壁２４を貫通して乾燥室１１の内部と外部とを連通するよう設けられている。排出バルブ２６は、乾燥室１１の内壁２３の内面に結露した水を外部に排出するようになっている。送風装置２７は、乾燥室１１上部の屋根の上に設けられた排気装置２７ａと、乾燥室１１の側部に設けられた吸気装置２７ｂとを有している。排気装置２７ａおよび吸気装置２７ｂは、風量調節可能なベンチレーターから成る。送風装置２７は、吸気装置２７ｂから乾燥室１１の内部に外気を取り入れ、排気装置２７ａから乾燥室１１の外部に排気するよう設けられている。図４および図７に示すように、空気循環装置２８は、乾燥室１１の室内の上部に設けられている。空気循環装置２８は、乾燥室１１の室内の空気を一定速度で対流させるようになっている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the drying chamber 11 includes a discharge valve 26, a blower 27, and an air circulation device 28. The discharge valve 26 is provided on the side of the drying chamber 11 so as to penetrate the inner wall 23 and the outer wall 24 and to communicate the inside and the outside of the drying chamber 11. The discharge valve 26 discharges water condensed on the inner surface of the inner wall 23 of the drying chamber 11 to the outside. The blower 27 includes an exhaust device 27 a provided on the roof above the drying chamber 11 and an intake device 27 b provided on the side of the drying chamber 11. The exhaust device 27a and the intake device 27b are composed of a ventilator capable of adjusting the air volume. The air blower 27 is provided so as to take outside air into the drying chamber 11 from the air intake device 27 b and exhaust it from the exhaust device 27 a to the outside of the drying chamber 11. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the air circulation device 28 is provided in the upper part of the drying chamber 11. The air circulation device 28 convects the air in the drying chamber 11 at a constant speed.

図５および図６に示すように、風除室１２は、燻煙乾燥設備１０の背面側に設けられ、燻煙乾燥設備１０の一方の側部の出入口１２ａから出入り可能になっている。制御室１３は、風除室１２から出入り可能に、風除室１２の隣に設けられている。図２および図６に示すように、機械室１４は、燻煙乾燥設備１０の背面側の、風除室１２と反対の側部から上部にかけて設けられている。機械室１４は、内部に室内循環ブロワ２９を有している。室内循環ブロワ２９は、ダクト３０を介して空気循環装置２８に接続され、空気循環装置２８を制御可能に構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the wind chamber 12 is provided on the back side of the soot drying equipment 10 and can enter and exit from an entrance 12 a on one side of the soot drying equipment 10. The control room 13 is provided next to the windbreak room 12 so as to be able to enter and leave the windbreak room 12. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the machine room 14 is provided on the back side of the smoke drying facility 10 from the side opposite to the wind vent room 12 to the upper part. The machine room 14 has an indoor circulation blower 29 inside. The indoor circulation blower 29 is connected to the air circulation device 28 via the duct 30 and is configured to be able to control the air circulation device 28.

図５および図６に示すように、燃焼炉１５は、乾燥室１１の地下に設けられている。燃焼炉１５は、複数の細長い空間３１に分割され、中央に設けられたメイン炉１５ａと、その両脇に設けられた補助炉１５ｂとを有している。燃焼炉１５は、製材所等から出る木屑、廃材、解体材等を燃料として燃やし、乾燥室１１を直接加熱して、乾燥室１１に燻煙を供給可能に設けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the combustion furnace 15 is provided in the basement of the drying chamber 11. The combustion furnace 15 is divided into a plurality of elongated spaces 31, and has a main furnace 15a provided in the center and auxiliary furnaces 15b provided on both sides thereof. The combustion furnace 15 is provided so as to be able to supply soot to the drying chamber 11 by burning wood chips, waste materials, demolition materials, and the like emitted from a sawmill or the like as fuel, directly heating the drying chamber 11.

図５および図６に示すように、加圧室１６は、気密性を有し、乾燥室１１の地下に、燃焼炉１５の各空間３１の一端側に隣接して設けられている。加圧室１６は、燃焼炉１５に空気を供給する複数の供給口３２を有している。供給口３２は、燃焼炉１５の各空間３１に連通するよう、各空間３１に対してそれぞれ１対ずつ設けられている。加圧室１６は、制御室１３から出入り可能な入口空間１６ａから、階段を利用して出入りするようになっている。なお、加圧室１６には、監視カメラ３３が設置されている。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the pressurizing chamber 16 has airtightness and is provided in the basement of the drying chamber 11 adjacent to one end side of each space 31 of the combustion furnace 15. The pressurizing chamber 16 has a plurality of supply ports 32 for supplying air to the combustion furnace 15. One pair of supply ports 32 is provided for each space 31 so as to communicate with each space 31 of the combustion furnace 15. The pressurizing chamber 16 enters and exits from the entrance space 16 a that can enter and exit from the control chamber 13 using stairs. A monitoring camera 33 is installed in the pressurizing chamber 16.

図６に示すように、加圧ファン１７は、機械室１４の内部に設けられ、ダクト１７ａを介して加圧室１６に連通している。加圧ファン１７は、制御信号により外部の空気を加圧室１６の内部に送風可能に設けられている。
図５および図６に示すように、自動ダンパ１８および手動ダンパ１９は、加圧室１６の内部に設けられている。自動ダンパ１８は、燃焼炉１５の各空間３１に対して設けられた各対の供給口３２のうち、一方の供給口３２に設けられている。自動ダンパ１８は、制御信号により各供給口３２を開閉可能である。手動ダンパ１９は、各対の供給口３２のうち、他方の供給口３２に設けられている。手動ダンパ１９は、各供給口３２を手動で開閉可能である。 As shown in FIG. 6, the pressurizing fan 17 is provided inside the machine chamber 14 and communicates with the pressurizing chamber 16 through a duct 17a. The pressurizing fan 17 is provided so that external air can be blown into the pressurizing chamber 16 by a control signal.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the automatic damper 18 and the manual damper 19 are provided inside the pressurizing chamber 16. The automatic damper 18 is provided at one supply port 32 of each pair of supply ports 32 provided for each space 31 of the combustion furnace 15. The automatic damper 18 can open and close each supply port 32 by a control signal. The manual damper 19 is provided at the other supply port 32 of the pair of supply ports 32. The manual damper 19 can open and close each supply port 32 manually.

図４に示すように、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃは、測温抵抗体温度センサから成り、乾燥室１１の室温を測定可能に、乾燥室１１の室内の下部、上部および中部の３箇所に取り付けられている。乾燥室１１の室内の下部の温度センサ２０ａは、木材１を載せる架台２の高さに取り付けられている。上部の温度センサ２０ｂは、木材１を最高に積み上げたときの高さに取り付けられている。中部の温度センサ２０ｃは、それらの中間の高さに取り付けられている。
図５に示すように、圧力センサ２１は、微差圧センサから成り、加圧室１６の圧力を測定可能に、加圧室１６の壁面に取り付けられている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c are composed of resistance temperature detector temperature sensors, and can measure the room temperature of the drying chamber 11 at three locations in the lower, upper, and middle portions of the drying chamber 11. It is attached. A temperature sensor 20a in the lower part of the drying chamber 11 is attached to the height of the gantry 2 on which the wood 1 is placed. The upper temperature sensor 20b is attached to a height when the woods 1 are stacked to the maximum. The middle temperature sensor 20c is mounted at an intermediate height between them.
As shown in FIG. 5, the pressure sensor 21 includes a slight differential pressure sensor, and is attached to the wall surface of the pressurizing chamber 16 so that the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 16 can be measured.

図５および図６に示すように、制御部２２は、制御室１３の内部に設けられ、制御盤３４と制御コンピュータ３５と監視モニタ３６とを有している。制御盤３４は、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃおよび圧力センサ２１に接続され、それらの測定値を入力して表示可能になっている。また、制御盤３４は、排出バルブ２６、送風装置２７、室内循環ブロワ２９、加圧ファン１７および自動ダンパ１８に接続され、それらに制御信号を出力可能になっている。なお、制御盤３４は、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度および圧力センサ２１の測定圧力に異常が認められた場合に、複数箇所に通報可能であってもよい。   As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the control unit 22 is provided inside the control room 13 and includes a control panel 34, a control computer 35, and a monitor monitor 36. The control panel 34 is connected to the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, 20c and the pressure sensor 21, and can input and display those measured values. The control panel 34 is connected to the discharge valve 26, the blower 27, the indoor circulation blower 29, the pressure fan 17, and the automatic damper 18, and can output control signals thereto. In addition, the control panel 34 may be able to report to a plurality of places when an abnormality is recognized in the measured temperature of the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c and the measured pressure of the pressure sensor 21.

制御コンピュータ３５は、パソコンから成り、制御盤３４に接続されている。制御コンピュータ３５は、制御盤３４から温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度を入力して、その測定温度の平均値が所定の設定温度より低いとき供給口３２を開き、高いとき供給口３２を閉じるよう、制御盤３４を介して自動ダンパ１８に制御信号を出力するようになっている。設定温度は、乾燥させる木材１の種類などに応じて任意に設定可能になっている。また、制御コンピュータ３５は、圧力センサ２１の測定圧力を入力して、その測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より低いとき回転数を上げ、高いとき回転数を下げるよう、制御盤３４を介して加圧ファン１７に制御信号を出力するようになっている。設定圧力は、燃焼させる燃料の状態や種類、燃焼炉１５や加圧室１６の気密性などに応じて任意に設定可能になっている。   The control computer 35 is a personal computer and is connected to the control panel 34. The control computer 35 inputs the measured temperatures of the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c from the control panel 34, and opens the supply port 32 when the average value of the measured temperatures is lower than a predetermined set temperature, and opens the supply port 32 when the measured temperature is high. A control signal is output to the automatic damper 18 via the control panel 34 so as to be closed. The set temperature can be arbitrarily set according to the type of the wood 1 to be dried. Further, the control computer 35 inputs the measured pressure of the pressure sensor 21, and pressurizes via the control panel 34 so as to increase the rotational speed when the measured pressure is lower than a predetermined set pressure and decrease the rotational speed when the measured pressure is higher. A control signal is output to the fan 17. The set pressure can be arbitrarily set according to the state and type of the fuel to be burned, the airtightness of the combustion furnace 15 and the pressurizing chamber 16, and the like.

さらに、制御コンピュータ３５は、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度により、乾燥室１１の室内の温度が均一になるよう、制御盤３４を介して室内循環ブロワ２９に制御信号を出力するようになっている。制御コンピュータ３５は、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度や時間設定により、乾燥室１１の室内の湿度を調節するよう、制御盤３４を介して送風装置２７や排出バルブ２６に制御信号を出力するようになっている。制御コンピュータ３５は、乾燥工程の終了の目安にするために、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度と外気温度との温度差を監視可能になっている。なお、制御コンピュータ３５は、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度や圧力センサ２１の測定圧力などの各種制御情報を保存、印刷可能であってもよい。
監視モニタ３６は、加圧室１６に設置された監視カメラ３３に接続され、監視カメラ３３の映像を出力可能になっている。 Further, the control computer 35 outputs a control signal to the indoor circulation blower 29 via the control panel 34 so that the temperature in the drying chamber 11 becomes uniform according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c. It has become. The control computer 35 outputs a control signal to the blower 27 and the discharge valve 26 via the control panel 34 so as to adjust the humidity in the drying chamber 11 according to the measured temperature and time setting of the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c. It is supposed to be. The control computer 35 can monitor the temperature difference between the measured temperature of the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c and the outside air temperature as a guide for the end of the drying process. The control computer 35 may be capable of storing and printing various control information such as the measured temperature of the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c and the measured pressure of the pressure sensor 21.
The monitoring monitor 36 is connected to a monitoring camera 33 installed in the pressurizing chamber 16 and can output an image of the monitoring camera 33.

なお、具体的な一例では、設定温度は７５度から９５度で、木材１がカラマツのとき７５度、杉のとき８５度、双方を混在させたとき８０度に設定する。設定圧力は２気圧から３気圧で、燃焼炉１５や加圧室１６の気密性により燃焼状態が変わるため、初回の燃焼時に調整して設定する。   In a specific example, the set temperature is 75 to 95 degrees, 75 degrees when the wood 1 is larch, 85 degrees when cedar, and 80 degrees when both are mixed. The set pressure is 2 to 3 atmospheres, and the combustion state changes depending on the airtightness of the combustion furnace 15 and the pressurizing chamber 16, and therefore is adjusted and set during the first combustion.

次に、作用について説明する。
燻煙乾燥設備１０は、以下に示す木材の燻煙乾燥方法により好適に使用される。
図４に示すように、まず、燻煙処理用の木材１を架台２の上に並べて積み上げる。このとき、隣り合う木材１の間にも空気が循環するようスペーサを挟み、木材同士の間隔を開けるようにする。この木材１を、図２に示すフォークリフト３により、正面の扉２５から架台２ごと乾燥室１１の室内に搬入し、図４および図７に示すように配置する。 Next, the operation will be described.
The soot drying equipment 10 is suitably used by the following wood soot drying method.
As shown in FIG. 4, the wood 1 for smoke treatment is first stacked on the frame 2. At this time, a spacer is sandwiched between the adjacent timbers 1 so that air is circulated so that the timbers are spaced apart. The wood 1 is carried into the drying chamber 11 together with the gantry 2 from the front door 25 by the forklift 3 shown in FIG. 2 and arranged as shown in FIGS.

燃焼炉１５で燃料を燃やして乾燥室１１に燻煙を供給する。燃焼中、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃにより乾燥室１１の室温を測定し、圧力センサ２１により加圧室１６の圧力を測定する。温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃによる測定温度の平均値が所定の設定温度より低いとき、制御コンピュータ３５の制御信号により自動ダンパ１８が加圧室１６の供給口３２を開く。このとき、圧力センサ２１による測定圧力が所定の設定圧力よりも低ければ、制御コンピュータ３５の制御信号により加圧ファン１７が回転数を上げ、外部の空気を加圧室１６の内部に送風する。その空気が供給口３２から燃焼炉１５に供給されるため、燃焼炉１５の内部の燃焼が促進される。   Fuel is burned in the combustion furnace 15 and soot is supplied to the drying chamber 11. During combustion, the temperature sensor 20a, 20b, 20c measures the room temperature of the drying chamber 11, and the pressure sensor 21 measures the pressure of the pressurizing chamber 16. When the average value of the temperature measured by the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c is lower than a predetermined set temperature, the automatic damper 18 opens the supply port 32 of the pressurizing chamber 16 by the control signal of the control computer 35. At this time, if the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 21 is lower than a predetermined set pressure, the pressurizing fan 17 increases the number of rotations by a control signal from the control computer 35 and blows outside air into the pressurizing chamber 16. Since the air is supplied from the supply port 32 to the combustion furnace 15, combustion inside the combustion furnace 15 is promoted.

加圧室１６の供給口３２が開いた状態で、圧力センサ２１による測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より高くなると、制御コンピュータ３５の制御信号により加圧ファン１７が回転数を下げる。加圧ファン１７による空気の送風量より、加圧室１６から燃焼炉１５に供給される空気の量が多くなると、加圧室１６の圧力が下がり、設定圧力より低くなると再び加圧ファン１７が回転数を上げる。   When the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 21 becomes higher than a predetermined set pressure while the supply port 32 of the pressurizing chamber 16 is open, the pressurizing fan 17 lowers the rotational speed by a control signal of the control computer 35. When the amount of air supplied from the pressurizing chamber 16 to the combustion furnace 15 is larger than the amount of air blown by the pressurizing fan 17, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 16 decreases. Increase the number of revolutions.

燃焼炉１５の燃焼が促進され、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃによる測定温度の平均値が所定の設定温度より高くなると、制御コンピュータ３５の制御信号により自動ダンパ１８が加圧室１６の供給口３２を閉じる。このとき、加圧ファン１７が外部の空気を加圧室１６の内部に送風するため、加圧室１６の圧力が上がり、設定圧力よりも高くなる。すると、制御コンピュータ３５の制御信号により加圧ファン１７が回転数を下げるため、加圧室１６の圧力が上がり続けるのを防ぎ、加圧室１６の圧力を所定の圧力以下に維持することができる。   When combustion in the combustion furnace 15 is promoted and the average value of the temperature measured by the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, 20c becomes higher than a predetermined set temperature, the automatic damper 18 is supplied to the supply port 32 of the pressurizing chamber 16 by a control signal of the control computer 35. Close. At this time, since the pressurizing fan 17 blows outside air into the pressurizing chamber 16, the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 16 increases and becomes higher than the set pressure. Then, since the pressure fan 17 reduces the rotation speed by the control signal of the control computer 35, it is possible to prevent the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 16 from continuing to increase and maintain the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 16 below a predetermined pressure. .

また、加圧室１６の供給口３２が閉じた状態では、燃焼炉１５に空気が供給されないため、燃焼が抑制されて乾燥室１１の室温が下がる。乾燥室１１の室温が設定温度より低くなると、再び自動ダンパ１８が加圧室１６の供給口３２を開く。このとき、加圧室１６の圧力が所定の圧力以下に維持されているため、加圧室１６の供給口３２から燃焼炉１５に供給される空気の量を抑えることができる。このため、燃焼状態にムラを生じにくく、安定した燃焼状態を維持することができ、乾燥室１１の室温を所定の設定温度に維持することができる。また、これにより、乾燥木材１の品質のばらつきを抑えることができ、品質管理が容易である。   Further, when the supply port 32 of the pressurizing chamber 16 is closed, air is not supplied to the combustion furnace 15, so that combustion is suppressed and the room temperature of the drying chamber 11 is lowered. When the room temperature of the drying chamber 11 becomes lower than the set temperature, the automatic damper 18 opens the supply port 32 of the pressurizing chamber 16 again. At this time, since the pressure in the pressurizing chamber 16 is maintained below a predetermined pressure, the amount of air supplied from the supply port 32 of the pressurizing chamber 16 to the combustion furnace 15 can be suppressed. For this reason, it is hard to produce a nonuniformity in a combustion state, the stable combustion state can be maintained, and the room temperature of the drying chamber 11 can be maintained at a predetermined set temperature. Thereby, the dispersion | variation in the quality of the dry timber 1 can be suppressed, and quality control is easy.

設定温度を維持することにより、木材１が含む水分を蒸発させて、木材１を乾燥させることができる。このとき、設定温度を１００度より低く設定し、低温燻煙乾燥を行う。これにより、木材１の細胞が破壊されたり、木肌の良さが失われたり、木材１にねじれや割れが発生したりするのを防ぐことができる。
また、燃焼とともに酸性の燻液を蒸発させる。これにより、木材１を軟らかくし、乾燥効率を向上させることができる。また、燻液の成分が木材１の中心まで含浸するため、防腐・防虫効果が高くなる。 By maintaining the set temperature, the moisture contained in the wood 1 can be evaporated and the wood 1 can be dried. At this time, the set temperature is set lower than 100 degrees, and low temperature smoke drying is performed. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the cells of the wood 1 from being destroyed, the good bark quality from being lost, and the wood 1 from being twisted or cracked.
Also, the acidic soot is evaporated with combustion. Thereby, the wood 1 can be softened and the drying efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since the component of the sap is impregnated to the center of the wood 1, the antiseptic and insect repellent effects are enhanced.

あらかじめ設定した時間、設定温度を維持した後、燃焼炉１５の燃焼を止める。制御コンピュータ３５により、温度センサ２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃの測定温度と外気温度との温度差を監視して、温度差が５〜１０度以内になったとき全乾燥工程を終了とする。   After maintaining the preset temperature for a preset time, the combustion of the combustion furnace 15 is stopped. The control computer 35 monitors the temperature difference between the temperature measured by the temperature sensors 20a, 20b, and 20c and the outside air temperature, and when the temperature difference is within 5 to 10 degrees, the entire drying process is terminated.

なお、全乾燥工程を通して、制御部２２により室内循環ブロワ２９を制御し、空気循環装置２８を作動させる。これにより、乾燥室１１の室内の空気を対流させて、乾燥室１１の室内の温度や湿度にムラが生じるのを防ぎ、乾燥した木材１の品質を一定に保つことができる。また、自動ダンパ１８で制御しきれない事態が生じたとき、作業者が手動ダンパ１９を動かして各供給口３２を開閉することができる。   Note that the control unit 22 controls the indoor circulation blower 29 and operates the air circulation device 28 throughout the entire drying process. Thereby, the air in the room of the drying chamber 11 is convected to prevent the temperature and humidity in the room of the drying chamber 11 from becoming uneven, and the quality of the dried wood 1 can be kept constant. In addition, when a situation that cannot be controlled by the automatic damper 18 occurs, the operator can open and close each supply port 32 by moving the manual damper 19.

本発明の実施の形態の燻煙乾燥設備を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the soot drying equipment of embodiment of this invention. 図１に示す燻煙乾燥設備の右側面図である。It is a right view of the soot drying equipment shown in FIG. 図１に示す燻煙乾燥設備の背面図である。It is a rear view of the soot drying equipment shown in FIG. 図２に示す燻煙乾燥設備のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。It is AA sectional view taken on the line of the soot drying equipment shown in FIG. 図１に示す燻煙乾燥設備のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。It is BB sectional drawing of the soot drying equipment shown in FIG. 図２に示す燻煙乾燥設備のＣ−Ｃ線断面図である。It is CC sectional view taken on the line of the soot drying equipment shown in FIG. 図１に示す燻煙乾燥設備のＤ−Ｄ線断面図である。It is the DD sectional view taken on the line of the soot drying equipment shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 木材
２ 架台
３ フォークリフト
１０ 燻煙乾燥設備
１１ 乾燥室
１２ 風除室
１３ 制御室
１４ 機械室
１５ 燃焼炉
１６ 加圧室
１７ 加圧ファン
１８ 自動ダンパ
１９ 手動ダンパ
２０ａ，２０ｂ，２０ｃ 温度センサ
２１ 圧力センサ
２２ 制御部
２３ 内壁
２４ 外壁
２５ 扉
２６ 排出バルブ
２７ 送風装置
２７ａ 排気装置
２７ｂ 吸気装置
２８ 空気循環装置
２９ 室内循環ブロワ
３０ ダクト
３１ 空間
３２ 供給口
３３ 監視カメラ
３４ 制御盤
３５ 制御コンピュータ
３６ 監視モニタ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wood 2 Mounting frame 3 Forklift 10 Smoke drying equipment 11 Drying chamber 12 Ventilation chamber 13 Control chamber 14 Machine chamber 15 Combustion furnace 16 Pressurizing chamber 17 Pressurizing fan 18 Automatic damper 19 Manual damper 20a, 20b, 20c Temperature sensor 21 Pressure Sensor 22 Control part 23 Inner wall 24 Outer wall 25 Door 26 Exhaust valve 27 Blower 27a Exhaust device 27b Intake device 28 Air circulation device 29 Indoor circulation blower 30 Duct 31 Space 32 Supply port 33 Monitoring camera 34 Control panel 35 Control computer 36 Monitor monitor

Claims (2)

乾燥室の内部に配置された木材の燻煙乾燥を行う燻煙乾燥設備であって、
燃焼炉と加圧室と加圧ファンとダンパと温度センサと圧力センサと制御部とを有し、
前記燃焼炉は燃料を燃やして前記乾燥室に燻煙を供給可能に設けられ、
前記加圧室は前記燃焼炉に空気を供給する供給口を有し、
前記加圧ファンは制御信号により外部の空気を前記加圧室の内部に送風可能に設けられ、
前記ダンパは制御信号により前記供給口を開閉可能に設けられ、
前記温度センサは前記乾燥室の室温を測定可能に設けられ、
前記圧力センサは前記加圧室の圧力を測定可能に設けられ、
前記制御部は前記温度センサの測定温度を入力して、その測定温度が所定の設定温度より低いとき前記供給口を開き、高いとき前記供給口を閉じるよう前記ダンパに制御信号を出力し、前記圧力センサの測定圧力を入力して、その測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より低いとき回転数を上げ、高いとき回転数を下げるよう前記加圧ファンに制御信号を出力する構成を有することを、
特徴とする燻煙乾燥設備。 A smoke drying facility for smoke drying of wood disposed inside a drying chamber,
A combustion furnace, a pressure chamber, a pressure fan, a damper, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a control unit;
The combustion furnace is provided so that fuel can be burned and soot can be supplied to the drying chamber,
The pressurizing chamber has a supply port for supplying air to the combustion furnace,
The pressurization fan is provided so that external air can be blown into the pressurization chamber by a control signal,
The damper is provided to be able to open and close the supply port by a control signal,
The temperature sensor is provided so as to be able to measure the room temperature of the drying chamber,
The pressure sensor is provided so as to be able to measure the pressure in the pressurizing chamber,
The control unit inputs a measured temperature of the temperature sensor, and outputs a control signal to the damper to open the supply port when the measured temperature is lower than a predetermined set temperature, and close the supply port when the measured temperature is high, Having a configuration in which a measurement pressure of a pressure sensor is input and a control signal is output to the pressure fan so as to increase the rotation speed when the measurement pressure is lower than a predetermined set pressure and to decrease the rotation speed when the measurement pressure is high.
Characteristic smoke drying equipment. 乾燥室の内部に配置された木材の燻煙乾燥方法であって、
燃焼炉が燃料を燃やして前記乾燥室に燻煙を供給可能に設けられ、加圧室に空気の供給口で連通しており、加圧ファンが外部の空気を前記加圧室の内部に送風可能に設けられており、
前記乾燥室に木材を配置し、前記燃焼炉で燃料を燃やして前記乾燥室に燻煙を供給し、前記乾燥室の室温を測定してその測定温度が所定の設定温度より低いとき前記供給口を開き、高いとき前記供給口を閉じ、前記加圧室の圧力を測定してその測定圧力が所定の設定圧力より低いとき加圧ファンの回転数を上げ、高いとき加圧ファンの回転数を下げることを、
特徴とする木材の燻煙乾燥方法。 A method for drying smoke from wood arranged inside a drying chamber,
A combustion furnace is provided so that fuel can be burned and soot can be supplied to the drying chamber, communicated with the pressurizing chamber through an air supply port, and a pressurized fan blows outside air into the pressurizing chamber. Is possible,
Wherein the drying chamber is disposed timber, the burning fuel supplying smoke to the drying chamber in a combustion furnace, wherein the room temperature of the drying chamber was measured when the measured temperature is lower than the predetermined set temperature the supply port Open, close the supply port, measure the pressure in the pressurizing chamber, increase the rotation speed of the pressurization fan when the measured pressure is lower than a predetermined set pressure, and increase the rotation speed of the pressurization fan when it is high Lowering ,
A method for drying smoke from wood.
JP2004343316A 2004-11-29 2004-11-29 Smoke drying equipment and wood smoke drying method Expired - Fee Related JP4387289B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104913620A (en) * 2015-06-02 2015-09-16 台州御济中药饮片有限公司 Bio-fuel drying room and using method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7676953B2 (en) * 2006-12-29 2010-03-16 Signature Control Systems, Inc. Calibration and metering methods for wood kiln moisture measurement
EP2660587B1 (en) 2010-12-30 2019-04-03 Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria (USM) Controlled combustion system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104913620A (en) * 2015-06-02 2015-09-16 台州御济中药饮片有限公司 Bio-fuel drying room and using method thereof

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