JP4385496B2 - High pressure steam discharge lamp - Google Patents

High pressure steam discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4385496B2
JP4385496B2 JP2000163108A JP2000163108A JP4385496B2 JP 4385496 B2 JP4385496 B2 JP 4385496B2 JP 2000163108 A JP2000163108 A JP 2000163108A JP 2000163108 A JP2000163108 A JP 2000163108A JP 4385496 B2 JP4385496 B2 JP 4385496B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
tube
thin
arc tube
lamp
alumina
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000163108A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001345070A (en
Inventor
谷口  晋史
弥三郎 竹治
中野  邦昭
二郎 本多
茂行 森
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GS Yuasa Corp
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GS Yuasa Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、透光性アルミナ管を発光管に使用した、高圧蒸気放電灯に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
透光性アルミナ管は、アルカリ金属に対して安定であるという特性を生かして高圧ナトリウムランプの発光管に使用されている。近年、この透光性アルミナ管を金属ハロゲン化物が封入されたメタルハライドランプの発光管に使用したランプが150W以下のランプで商品化されてきている。
【0003】
メタルハライドランプにアルミナ管を使用する利点としては、従来のメタルハライドランプで一般に使われている石英ガラスより、封入物である金属ハロゲン化物に対して、科学的、熱的に安定であるため、従来の石英製メタルハライドランプのように封入物と石英ガラスとの化学反応によってランプ寿命が短くなる欠点を抑制でき、寿命特性の向上が期待できることである。
【0004】
また、石英ガラスより使用限界温度が高いという特徴を生かしたランプの高効率化設計の実現や、石英ガラス製発光管では反応性が大きいため、事実上封入出来ないアルカリ金属の封入が可能であるといった利点がある。
【0005】
従来のランプの発光管構造の一例を図4に示す。図4は特開平6−196131に開示されているものであり、発光管を構成しているアルミナ管は中央部1の径が太く、その両端に径が細い細管部2を有している。中央部1及び細管部2のアルミナ管肉厚はほぼ均一になっている。細管部2には電極5を備えた導電体3が挿入され、電極極芯と反対側の端部でセラミック封止用ロウ材4によって封止されている。導電体3は先端に電極を備え、封止部にはニオブ線又はタンタル線が使用されている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の発光管構造を中・高ワットのランプに適用すると封止部でリ−クが発生することがある。これは封止部部材であるアルミナと導電体及びセラミック封止用ロウ材の各膨張率の違いが原因であると考えられる。封止部において一番内側に存在するニオブ線又はタンタル線などの導電体は、一番外側に存在するアルミナ管より膨張率が小さいため、例えば、ランプ消灯時の高温から低温への温度差によって、封止部中間に存在するセラミック封止用ロウ材は内側の導電体の方向に熱応力を受ける。導電体の線形が小さい低ワットのランプでは熱応力が小さいため、封止部リ−クは発生しないが、導電体の線形が大きい中・高ワットランプの場合には熱応力が大きくなるため、セラミック封止用ロウ材及びアルミナ管自体にクラックが発生し封止部リ−クに至ると考えられる。そして点灯−消灯を多く繰り返すほどリ−クが発生する確率が増加する傾向にある。
【0007】
この封止部リ−クを解決するために細管部を長くして封止部の温度を下げる方法が考えられるが、細管部を長くすると発光管の熱容量が増しランプ特性の悪化を招くことになったり、発光管全長が長くなりランプ寸法が大型化したりする不具合がある。またアルミナ管の肉厚を薄くすることによって、熱応力を小さくしリ−クを防ぐ方法があるが、薄くするとアルミナ管の機械的強度が低下してランプ点灯中の振動により中央部と細管部の間で折れることがあった。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明はこのような事情にもとづきなされたもので、その目的とするところは透光性アルミナ管を使用した高圧蒸気放電灯において、上記のような封止部リ−クを防止することである。
【0009】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は以下の構成を備えることを特徴とする。すなわち、本発明高圧蒸気放電灯は、透光性アルミナ管からなる発光管内に少なくともハロゲン化金属、水銀及び不活性ガスを封入し、両端部にて導電体とアルミナ管との隙間をセラミック封止用ロウ材によって密閉封止した発光管を外球内に組み込んだランプにおいて、発光管は中央部と中央部より外径が細い細管部を中央部の両端に有し、細管部は共に厚肉部と薄肉部から成り、厚肉部は発光管中央部側に存在し、薄肉部は発光管端部に存在し、厚肉部と薄肉部の内径が同一であることを特徴とする。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明高圧蒸気放電灯では、透光性アルミナ管からなる発光管内に少なくともハロゲン化金属、水銀及び不活性ガスを封入し、両端部にて導電体とアルミナ管との隙間をセラミック封止用ロウ材によって密閉封止した発光管を外球内に組み込み、発光管は中央部より外径が細い細管部をその両端に有し、細管部は共に発光管中央部側の厚肉部と発光管端部の薄肉部とから成り、厚肉部と薄肉部の内径が同一である。このようにすることにより、透光性アルミナ管を発光管に使用した、特に中・高ワットのランプにおいて封止部リ−クを防止した長寿命でコンパクトな高圧蒸気放電灯を提供することができる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づき説明する。図1は第一の実施例にかかる発光管構造を示す図であり、1はアルミナ管中央部、2は中央部の両端に存在する細管部、3は電極に電気を導通させるニオブ線からなる導電体、4はセラミック封止用ロウ材、5は電極である。細管部2は中央部側に厚肉部21、アルミナ管端部側に薄肉部22を有している。アルミナ管中央部1の外径は18mm、内径は16mm、細管部2の太径部と細管部の外径はそれぞれ4mm、3.4mm、内径は共に2.0mmである。アルミナ管の肉厚は中央部1で1mm、細管部の厚肉部が1mm、薄肉部が0.7mmである。アルミナ管全長は74mm、電極間長は25mmである。発光管内には封入物として沃化ジスプロシウム20mg、沃化タリウム4mg、沃化ナトリウム2mg、水銀16mg、アルゴンガス10kPaが封入されている。
【0012】
アルミナ管肉厚は中央部では主にランプ光束に作用し、細管部では発光管の機械的強度を決定するため慎重に設計する必要がある。ランプ光束、機械的強度を考慮すると、肉厚は1mm程度が最も好ましい。したがって実施例一では中央部1及び衝撃などで最も折れやすい細管部2の厚肉部21を1mmとした。そして衝撃などで折れにくい細管部2の薄肉部22は0.7mmとした。
【0013】
図2は第二の実施例にかかる発光管構造を示す図であり、1のアルミナ管中央部は中央直線部分11、テ−パ−部分12、端部直線部分13から成っている。中央直線部分の外径は18mm、内径は16mm、端部直線部分13の外径は12mmである。アルミナ管中央部1以外の符号、寸法および構成は図1に示すものと同様である。図2に示す発光管構造はランプ点灯中の発熱量が多い中・高ワットランプに適している。ランプの始動時又は消灯時に温度変化が大きい電極近傍はアルミナ管の熱応力が大きくなり、アルミナ管自体にクラックが発生することがある。図2の構造はこの問題を解決するために電極近傍のアルミナ管の機械的強度をあげたものである。
【0014】
図3は第三の実施例にかかる発光管構造を示す図であり、アルミナ管中央部1と細管部2がテ−パ−部6と共に一体に成形されている。アルミナ管本体の形状以外の符号、寸法、構成は図1に示すものと同様である。図3に示す構造はアルミナ管の熱容量が小さいため、ランプ点灯中の発光管温度を高め易く且つ発光管温度を均一にすることができる。したがって高演色性ランプに適している。
【0015】
このように構成された発光管を外球内に組み込み、第一の実施例に示した図1でランプ電力300W、第二の実施例に示した図2でランプ電力400W、第三の実施例で示した図3でランプ電力400Wとしてそれぞれ5灯を6000時間点灯した。点灯条件は5.5時間点灯−0.5時間消灯の繰り返しとした。全ての構造で6000時間経過後も封止部リ−クなとの不具合はなく良好に点灯することが確認できた。
【0016】
このような良好な結果が得られた理由として、封止部のアルミナ管肉厚を薄くすることで、ランプ点灯時−消灯時に封止部のアルミナ管、ロウ材、導電体に発生する熱応力が小さくなり、封止部リ−クを防止できたものと考えられる。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば透光性アルミナ管を発光管に使用した、特に中・高ワットのランプにおいて封止部リ−クを防止した長寿命でコンパクトな高圧蒸気放電灯が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第一の実施例にかかる発光管構造を示した図
【図2】本発明の第二の実施例にかかる発光管構造を示した図
【図3】本発明の第三の実施例にかかる発光管構造を示した図
【図4】従来のランプの発光管構造の一例を示した図
【符号の説明】
1 アルミナ管中央部
2 アルミナ管細管部
3 導電体
4 セラミック封止用ロウ材
5 電極
6 アルミナ管テ−パ−部
11 中央直線部分
12 テ−パ−部分
13 端部直線部分
21 細管部厚肉部
22 細管部薄肉部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-pressure steam discharge lamp using a translucent alumina tube as an arc tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A translucent alumina tube is used for an arc tube of a high-pressure sodium lamp, taking advantage of its stability to alkali metals. In recent years, lamps using this translucent alumina tube as the arc tube of a metal halide lamp in which a metal halide is enclosed have been commercialized as lamps of 150 W or less.
[0003]
The advantage of using an alumina tube for a metal halide lamp is that it is scientifically and thermally stable to the metal halide as an enclosure rather than the quartz glass generally used in the conventional metal halide lamp. It is possible to suppress the disadvantage that the lamp life is shortened due to the chemical reaction between the encapsulated material and the quartz glass, such as a quartz metal halide lamp, and an improvement in the life characteristics can be expected.
[0004]
In addition, it is possible to realize a highly efficient lamp design that makes use of the feature that the limit temperature of use is higher than that of quartz glass, and it is possible to encapsulate alkali metals that are virtually impossible to encapsulate because of the high reactivity of quartz glass arc tubes. There are advantages such as.
[0005]
An example of the arc tube structure of a conventional lamp is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-196131, and an alumina tube constituting an arc tube has a central portion 1 with a large diameter and thin tube portions 2 with small diameters at both ends thereof. The alumina tube thickness of the central portion 1 and the thin tube portion 2 is substantially uniform. A conductor 3 having an electrode 5 is inserted into the thin tube portion 2 and sealed with a ceramic sealing brazing material 4 at the end opposite to the electrode core. The conductor 3 includes an electrode at the tip, and a niobium wire or a tantalum wire is used for the sealing portion.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the conventional arc tube structure is applied to a medium / high watt lamp, leakage may occur at the sealing portion. This is considered to be caused by the difference in expansion coefficient between alumina as the sealing member, the conductor, and the ceramic sealing brazing material. The conductor such as niobium wire or tantalum wire present at the innermost side in the sealed portion has a smaller expansion coefficient than the alumina tube present at the outermost side, and therefore, for example, due to the temperature difference from the high temperature to the low temperature when the lamp is extinguished. The ceramic sealing brazing material present in the middle of the sealing portion is subjected to thermal stress in the direction of the inner conductor. A low watt lamp with a small conductor linearity has a low thermal stress, so there is no leakage of the sealing part, but a medium / high watt lamp with a large conductor linearity has a high thermal stress. It is thought that cracks occur in the ceramic sealing brazing material and the alumina tube itself, leading to leakage at the sealing portion. The probability of occurrence of a leak tends to increase as the number of times of turning on and off is repeated.
[0007]
In order to solve this sealing portion leak, a method of lowering the temperature of the sealing portion by lengthening the narrow tube portion can be considered. However, if the narrow tube portion is lengthened, the heat capacity of the arc tube increases and the lamp characteristics are deteriorated. Or the length of the arc tube becomes longer and the lamp size becomes larger. There is also a method to reduce the thermal stress and prevent leaks by reducing the thickness of the alumina tube. However, if the thickness is reduced, the mechanical strength of the alumina tube decreases and the center and narrow tube portions are affected by vibration during lamp operation. There was a break between.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made based on such circumstances, and its object is to prevent the above-described leakage of the sealing portion in a high-pressure steam discharge lamp using a translucent alumina tube. .
[0009]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. That is, the high-pressure steam discharge lamp of the present invention encloses at least a metal halide, mercury, and an inert gas in an arc tube composed of a translucent alumina tube, and ceramic seals the gap between the conductor and the alumina tube at both ends. In a lamp in which an arc tube hermetically sealed with a brazing material is incorporated in the outer sphere, the arc tube has a central portion and a thin tube portion with an outer diameter smaller than that of the central portion at both ends of the central portion, both of which are thick. The thin-walled portion is present at the arc tube center side, the thin-walled portion is present at the arc tube end portion, and the inner diameter of the thick-walled portion and the thin-walled portion is the same .
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the high-pressure steam discharge lamp of the present invention, at least a metal halide, mercury, and an inert gas are sealed in a luminous tube made of a translucent alumina tube, and a gap between the conductor and the alumina tube is sealed at both ends of the ceramic sealing solder. An arc tube hermetically sealed with a material is incorporated in the outer sphere, and the arc tube has a narrow tube portion with an outer diameter smaller than that of the central portion at both ends, and both the thick tube portion and the arc tube at the central portion side of the arc tube It consists of a thin portion at the end, and the inner diameter of the thick portion and the thin portion is the same. By doing so, it is possible to provide a long-life and compact high-pressure steam discharge lamp that uses a light-transmitting alumina tube as an arc tube, and prevents leakage of a sealing portion particularly in a medium- and high-wattage lamp. it can.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an arc tube structure according to the first embodiment, wherein 1 is an alumina tube central portion, 2 is a thin tube portion existing at both ends of the central portion, and 3 is a niobium wire that conducts electricity to an electrode. The conductor 4 is a brazing material for ceramic sealing, and 5 is an electrode. The thin tube portion 2 has a thick portion 21 on the center side and a thin portion 22 on the alumina tube end portion side. The outer diameter of the alumina tube central portion 1 is 18 mm, the inner diameter is 16 mm, the outer diameter of the large diameter portion and the narrow tube portion of the thin tube portion 2 is 4 mm, 3.4 mm, and the inner diameter is 2.0 mm. The thickness of the alumina tube is 1 mm at the central portion 1, the thick portion of the thin tube portion is 1 mm, and the thin portion is 0.7 mm. The total length of the alumina tube is 74 mm, and the length between the electrodes is 25 mm. In the arc tube, 20 mg of dysprosium iodide, 4 mg of thallium iodide, 2 mg of sodium iodide, 16 mg of mercury, and 10 kPa of argon gas are sealed.
[0012]
The alumina tube thickness mainly affects the luminous flux of the lamp at the central portion, and the thin tube portion needs to be carefully designed to determine the mechanical strength of the arc tube. In consideration of lamp luminous flux and mechanical strength, the thickness is most preferably about 1 mm. Therefore, in Example 1, the central portion 1 and the thick portion 21 of the thin tube portion 2 that is most easily broken by an impact or the like are set to 1 mm. And the thin part 22 of the thin tube part 2 which is not easily broken by an impact or the like was set to 0.7 mm.
[0013]
FIG. 2 shows the arc tube structure according to the second embodiment. The central portion of one alumina tube is composed of a central straight portion 11, a taper portion 12, and an end straight portion 13. The central straight portion has an outer diameter of 18 mm, an inner diameter of 16 mm, and the end straight portion 13 has an outer diameter of 12 mm. Reference numerals, dimensions, and configurations other than the alumina tube central portion 1 are the same as those shown in FIG. The arc tube structure shown in FIG. 2 is suitable for medium and high watt lamps that generate a large amount of heat during lamp operation. In the vicinity of the electrode where the temperature change is large when the lamp is started or extinguished, the thermal stress of the alumina tube increases, and cracks may occur in the alumina tube itself. The structure of FIG. 2 increases the mechanical strength of the alumina tube in the vicinity of the electrode in order to solve this problem.
[0014]
FIG. 3 is a view showing the arc tube structure according to the third embodiment, in which an alumina tube central portion 1 and a thin tube portion 2 are integrally formed with a taper portion 6. Symbols, dimensions, and configurations other than the shape of the alumina tube main body are the same as those shown in FIG. Since the structure shown in FIG. 3 has a small heat capacity of the alumina tube, it is easy to raise the temperature of the arc tube during lamp operation, and the arc tube temperature can be made uniform. Therefore, it is suitable for a high color rendering lamp.
[0015]
The arc tube constructed in this way is incorporated in the outer sphere, the lamp power 300 W in FIG. 1 shown in the first embodiment, the lamp power 400 W in FIG. 2 shown in the second embodiment, and the third embodiment. In FIG. 3, 5 lamps were lit for 6000 hours with a lamp power of 400 W, respectively. The lighting conditions were repetition of lighting for 5.5 hours and turning off for 0.5 hours. In all the structures, it was confirmed that there was no defect such as leakage of the sealing portion even after 6000 hours had passed, and that the light was well lit.
[0016]
The reason why such a good result was obtained is that the thickness of the alumina tube in the sealing portion is reduced, so that the thermal stress generated in the alumina tube, brazing material, and conductor in the sealing portion when the lamp is turned on and off. It is considered that the leakage of the sealing portion could be prevented.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a long-life and compact high-pressure steam discharge lamp that uses a light-transmitting alumina tube as an arc tube, and prevents leakage of a sealing portion particularly in a medium- and high-wattage lamp. Provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an arc tube structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an arc tube structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an arc tube structure according to the third embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the arc tube structure of a conventional lamp.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Alumina pipe center part 2 Alumina pipe thin tube part 3 Conductor 4 Brazing material 5 for ceramic sealing Electrode 6 Alumina pipe taper part 11 Central straight part 12 Taper part 13 End straight part 21 Thin tube part thickness Part 22 Thin tube part Thin wall part

Claims (1)

透光性アルミナ管からなる発光管内に少なくともハロゲン化金属、水銀及び不活性ガスを封入し、両端部にて導電体とアルミナ管との隙間をセラミック封止用ロウ材によって密閉封止した発光管を外球内に組み込んだ高圧蒸気放電灯において、発光管は中央部と中央部より外径が細い細管部を中央部の両端に有し、細管部は共に厚肉部と薄肉部から成り、厚肉部は発光管中央部側に存在し、薄肉部は発光管端部に存在し、厚肉部と薄肉部の内径が同一であることを特徴とした高圧蒸気放電灯。An arc tube in which at least a metal halide, mercury, and an inert gas are sealed in an arc tube made of a translucent alumina tube, and a gap between the conductor and the alumina tube is hermetically sealed at both ends with a ceramic sealing brazing material. In the high-pressure steam discharge lamp incorporated in the outer bulb, the arc tube has a central part and a thin tube part with a smaller outer diameter than the central part at both ends of the central part, and the thin tube part is composed of a thick part and a thin part, the thick portion is present in the arc tube central portion, the thin portion is present in the arc tube end, the high-pressure vapor discharge lamp which the inner diameter of the thick portion and the thin portion is characterized by the same der Rukoto.
JP2000163108A 2000-05-31 2000-05-31 High pressure steam discharge lamp Expired - Fee Related JP4385496B2 (en)

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US7453212B2 (en) * 2005-01-31 2008-11-18 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ceramic discharge vessel having tungsten alloy feedthrough

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