JP4349686B2 - Chuck - Google Patents

Chuck Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4349686B2
JP4349686B2 JP14198999A JP14198999A JP4349686B2 JP 4349686 B2 JP4349686 B2 JP 4349686B2 JP 14198999 A JP14198999 A JP 14198999A JP 14198999 A JP14198999 A JP 14198999A JP 4349686 B2 JP4349686 B2 JP 4349686B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
grooves
bar
gripping
chuck
pieces
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JP14198999A
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JP2000326120A (en
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重雄 長谷川
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Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Citizen Watch Co Ltd
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Citizen Holdings Co Ltd
Citizen Watch Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、旋盤等の工作機械に装備できる棒材把持用のチャックに関する
【0002】
【従来の技術】
NC旋盤等の、自動旋削加工を実施可能な工作機械(本明細書で自動旋盤と総称する)においては、回転主軸に加工対象の棒状素材(棒材)を固定的に把持するために、通常、弾性的に縮径(すなわち径寸法を縮小)可能な筒状のすり割り部を備えた中空筒状のチャック(一般にコレットチャックと称する)が、中空の回転主軸の内部先端に同心状に設置される。
【0003】
従来、この種のチャックのすり割り部は、チャックの筒状壁の軸線方向一端に設けられた複数(例えば3個)の軸線方向スリットを備える。したがってすり割り部には、筒状壁をそれらスリットにより分割してなる複数の把持片が形成される。それら把持片は、それぞれの基端で中空筒状のチャック胴体部に一体的に連結され、径方向へ片持ちはり式に弾性的に撓むことができる。そして、回転主軸に内蔵された作動機構が、それら把持片の外面に径方向内方への押圧力を加えるように作動することにより、チャックのすり割り部が縮径して、各把持片の内面が圧力下で棒材外周面に密着し、それによりチャックに棒材が固定的に把持される。
【0004】
ところで、自動旋盤で加工する棒材としては、外形精度の低い引抜き材をそのまま使用することが多い。上記構成を有する従来のチャックで、このような引抜き材からなる棒材を把持する場合には、棒材自体が長さ方向に不均一な外径寸法を有することに起因して、すり割り部の各把持片がその内面の局部的領域(例えばチャック先端領域)でしか棒材を把持できないことがある。そのような場合、チャックに把持された棒材の加工作業中に、棒材に生じる振動により、棒材がチャックに対して滑りを生じ、結果として製品の寸法精度が悪化する恐れがある。そこで従来、すり割り部の各把持片の内面に凹凸を設け、棒材を把持したときに把持片内面の凸部分を棒材外周面に食い込ませることにより、チャックに対する棒材の滑りを防止する構成が提案されている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記した従来の滑り防止構造を有するチャックでは、すり割り部の複数の把持片の内面に、軸線方向へ延びる第1の溝群と、それら第1の溝群に直交して周方向へ延びる第2の溝群とを形成することにより、滑り防止用の凹凸を設けている。この構成では、円筒状に広がる複数の把持片の内面に第1及び第2の溝群を形成するために、放電加工を実施したり、スロッタ加工やブローチ加工で溝数に相当する複数回の加工を施す等の、比較的高コストで時間を消費する加工方法を実施しなけらばならず、その結果、チャックの製造コストが上昇する懸念がある。
【0006】
本発明の目的は、旋盤等の工作機械に装備できる棒材把持用のチャックにおいて、棒材加工作業中に生じ得るチャック内での棒材の滑りを確実に防止でき、以て棒材の加工精度を著しく向上させることができるチャックを提供することにある
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載の発明は、筒状の胴体部と、胴体部の軸線方向一端に設けられる弾性的に縮径可能な筒状のすり割り部を具備し、すり割り部は、筒状壁を複数のスリットによって分割してなる複数の把持片を有し、それら把持片は、各々の基端で胴体部に一体的に連結されて径方向へ片持ちはり式に弾性的に撓むことができ、それら把持片の径方向内面が、互いに協働する棒材把持面である、棒材把持用のチャックにおいて、複数の把持片の各々の棒材把持面に、すり割り部の軸線に対しねじれて延びて互いに交差する複数の溝が設けられ、それら複数の溝が、軸線に対し一方向へ傾斜して互いに平行に延びる複数の第1溝と、軸線に対し他方向へ傾斜して互いに平行に延びる複数の第2溝とから構成され、複数の第1溝が、複数の把持片の棒材把持面の全体に1条以上の右雌ねじを形成することにより得られたねじ溝からなり、複数の第2溝が、複数の把持片の棒材把持面の全体に1条以上の左雌ねじを形成することにより得られたねじ溝からなり、複数の第1溝と複数の第2溝とにより、複数の把持片の棒材把持面の全体に渡って、棒材の滑りを防止する複数の凸部分が規則的に分布かつ整列して形成されていることを特徴とするチャックを提供する。
【0008】
請求項に記載の発明は、請求項に記載のチャックにおいて、右雌ねじ及び左雌ねじの各々が台形ねじからなるチャックを提供する。請求項に記載の発明は、請求項又はに記載のチャックにおいて、右雌ねじと左雌ねじとが互いに同一のピッチ及びリードを有するチャックを提供する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。図面において、同一又は類似の構成要素には共通の参照符号を付す。
図1及び図2を参照すると、本発明の一実施形態による棒材把持用のチャック10が、それぞれ端面図及び断面図で示されている。チャック10は、棒材(図示せず)を内部に受容可能な中空筒状の胴体部12と、胴体部12の軸線方向一端に設けられる弾性的に縮径可能な中空筒状のすり割り部14とを備え、すり割り部14に棒材を解放可能に把持できるように構成される。このようなチャック10は、一般にコレットチャックと称し、自動旋盤等の工作機械の主軸に装備されて、被加工素材である棒材を固定的に把持するものである。
【0011】
すり割り部14は、チャック10の筒状壁16の軸線方向一端面16aから軸線方向へ所定長さに渡って刻設された3個のスリット18を備える。したがってすり割り部14には、筒状壁16をそれらスリット18によって分割してなる3個の把持片20が形成される。それら把持片20は、それぞれの基端で胴体部12に一体的に連結され、各々が径方向へ片持ちはり式に弾性的に撓むことができるようになっている。すり割り部14の3個の把持片20の径方向外面には、それぞれテーパ面22が形成される。またそれら把持片20の径方向内面は、円筒状に広がって互いに協働する棒材把持面24として作用する。
【0012】
チャック10では、例えば図示しない自動旋盤の回転主軸に内蔵した作動機構が、3個の把持片20のテーパ面22に径方向内方への押圧力を加えるように作動することにより、各把持片20が弾性的に撓んですり割り部14が縮径する。それによりチャック10は閉状態となり、すり割り部14の各把持片20の棒材把持面24が圧力下で棒材外周面に密着して、棒材を固定的に把持する。各テーパ面22への径方向押圧力が解除されると、各把持片20が弾性的に復元してすり割り部14が拡径し、チャック10が開状態となって棒材を解放する。
【0013】
なお、すり割り部14におけるスリット18の個数は、特に限定されない。例えば、スリット18の個数が増加するに従い、把持片20を弾性変形させるために要する力が減少するので、外形精度の低い棒材の外周面に複数の把持片20の棒材把持面24を比較的容易に追従させて把持機能を向上させることができるが、その反面、すり割り部14の機械的強度は低下する。したがって、チャック10の剛性を損なわない範囲で、把持片20を比較的容易に撓ませることができるように、スリット18の個数を設定すればよい。
【0014】
チャック10は、すり割り部14の各把持片20の棒材把持面24に、すり割り部14の軸線に対しねじれた形態に延びて互いに交差する複数の溝26、28を備える。それら溝26、28は、図3に拡大して示すように、一方向へ傾斜して互いに平行に直線状に延びる複数の第1溝26と、それら第1溝26にそれぞれ交差すべく他方向へ傾斜して互いに平行に直線状に延びる複数の第2溝28とから構成される。それにより、すり割り部14の3個の把持片20の棒材把持面24の全体に渡って、棒材の滑りを防止するための凹凸が形成される。すなわち、隣合う2つの第1溝26と、それらに交差する隣合う2つの第2溝28との間に、平面視で平行四辺形の凸部分30が形成される。
【0015】
特に、図示実施形態によるチャック10では、複数の第1溝26と複数の第2溝28とが、互いに同一の配置間隔及び対称な傾斜角度を有して形成される。その結果、図示のような平面視で菱形の複数の凸部分30が、すり割り部14の3個の把持片20の棒材把持面24の全体に渡って、規則的に分布かつ整列して形成される。
【0016】
このような構成を有するチャック10によれば、すり割り部14に棒材を把持する際に、各把持片20に径方向内方への押圧力を加えることにより、各把持片20の棒材把持面24に形成した複数の凸部分30が、圧力下で棒材外周面に密着して食い込む。棒材把持面24の各凸部分30の棒材への食い込み量は、把持片20に加える押圧力、凸部分30の形状(尖り度)やその先端面の寸法、及び棒材の硬度によって異なるが、いずれにしてもそれら凸部分30は、棒材把持面24に対する棒材の滑りを効果的に防止するように作用する。
【0017】
しかも、棒材把持面24に形成した複数の凸部分30の各々は、すり割り部14の軸線に対しねじれた形態に延びて互いに交差する複数の第1溝26及び第2溝28によって形成されているので、各凸部分30の、棒材外周面に密着する端面に、軸線に対し斜めに延びる周縁30a(図3)が形成される。したがって各凸部分30は、その周縁30aによって、すり割り部14に把持した棒材の長さ方向及び回転方向の双方の滑りを防止することができる。特に、図示のように複数の菱形の凸部分30を棒材把持面24に規則的に形成した場合には、方向的に偏りなく平衡して棒材の滑りを防止できる利点がある。
【0018】
したがってチャック10によれば、外形精度の低い引抜き材からなる棒材を把持する場合にも、すり割り部14の各把持片20に形成した複数の凸部分30を棒材外周面に食い込ませることにより、棒材加工作業中に生じ得るチャック内での棒材の滑りを確実に防止することができる。その結果、チャック10を搭載した自動旋盤による棒材の加工精度を著しく向上させることができる。
【0019】
チャック10の棒材把持面24に設けられる滑り防止用の凹凸は、すり割り部14の略円筒状の内面に、1条以上の所望条数の右雌ねじを形成するステップと、1条以上の所望条数の左雌ねじを形成するステップとを連続的に実施することにより、形成することができる。この場合、図4に示すように、好ましくはスリット18を形成する前段階のすり割り部14に、工具主軸32に装着した雌ねじ切りバイト34を用いて左右の雌ねじを旋削形成する。
【0020】
雌ねじ切り工程に際しては、被加工物であるチャック10の回転方向及び回転速度を変えることなく、チャック10及びバイト34の少なくとも一方を軸線方向へ往復送り動作させることにより、上記した右雌ねじ形成ステップと左雌ねじ形成ステップとを、1条毎に交互に実施することが有利である。なお、円滑なねじ切り作業を実施できる場合は、すり割り部14にスリット18を形成した後に、上記の各雌ねじ切りステップを行ってもよい。
【0021】
この方法によって作製されたチャック10は、すり割り部14の前述した複数の第1溝26が、所望条数の右雌ねじのねじ溝26から構成され、同様に複数の第2溝28が、所望条数の左雌ねじのねじ溝28から構成されることになる。また、図示実施形態では、ねじ溝26を有する右雌ねじと、ねじ溝28を有する左雌ねじとが、互いに同一のピッチ及びリードを有して形成される。
【0022】
上記した製造方法によれば、すり割り部14の軸線に対しねじれて延びる複数の第1溝26及び第2溝28を、極めて迅速かつ正確に形成することができる。しかも、制御の単純な旋削加工のみによってそれら第1及び第2溝26、28を形成できるので、チャック10の製造コストの上昇を抑制することができる。また、ねじ溝26を有する右雌ねじ及びねじ溝28を有する左雌ねじのピッチ及びリードを様々に変化させることにより、凸部分30の形状、寸法、配置間隔等を自在に変更することができる。
【0023】
さらに、総形バイトである雌ねじ切りバイト34の形状を様々に変化させれば、それに伴って各ねじ溝26、28の形状(幅寸法、深さ寸法、ねじ面傾斜角度等)が変わるので、結果として凸部分30の形状、寸法、配置間隔等を自在に変更することができる。例えば図示実施形態において、上記した右雌ねじ及び左雌ねじの各々が台形ねじからなる場合は、各ねじ溝26、28の深さを調整することにより、平面視菱形の凸部分30の形状(尖り具合)及び寸法(特に先端面寸法)を、要求される滑り防止効果の程度に合わせて自在に設定することができる。
【0024】
図5(a)は、上記した製造方法に従って作製したすり割り部14の円筒状内面の凹凸形状の一例を、平面状に展開した形態で示す。図5(b)は、同すり割り部14の軸線方向端面を同様に展開した形態で示す。この例では、6条の右雌ねじのねじ溝(第1溝)36と、6条の左雌ねじのねじ溝(第2溝)38とが、互いに同一のピッチ及びリードを有して、すり割り部14の3個の把持片20の棒材把持面24の全体に形成されている。それにより、互いに同一寸法の平面視菱形の多数の凸部分40が、それら棒材把持面24の全体に渡って規則的に分布かつ整列して形成される。図示の例から、台形ねじを構成する各ねじ溝36、38の深さを調整することにより、凸部分40の形状、寸法及び配置間隔を容易に変更できることが理解されよう。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、旋盤等の工作機械に装備できる棒材把持用のチャックにおいて、外形精度の低い引抜き材からなる棒材を把持する場合にも、棒材加工作業中に生じ得るチャック内での棒材の滑りを確実に防止することが可能になる。その結果、チャックを搭載した工作機械による棒材の加工精度を著しく向上させることができる。さらに本発明によれば、そのような滑り防止機能を有するチャックを、低コストで迅速に製造することが可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態によるチャックの軸線方向端面図である。
【図2】図1のチャックの線II−IIに沿った断面図である。
【図3】図2に示したすり割り部の拡大断面図である。
【図4】図1のチャックの製造工程を示す図で、図2に対応する断面図である。
【図5】図1のチャックのすり割り部の内面形状の一例を示す展開平面図である。
【符号の説明】
10…チャック
12…胴体部
14…すり割り部
16…筒状壁
18…スリット
20…把持片
22…テーパ面
24…棒材把持面
26、36…第1溝(ねじ溝)
28、38…第2溝(ねじ溝)
30、40…凸部分
32…工具主軸
34…雌ねじ切りバイト
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bar gripping chuck that can be installed in a machine tool such as a lathe .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a machine tool (generally referred to as an automatic lathe in this specification) such as an NC lathe that can perform automatic turning, a rod-shaped material (bar material) to be processed is fixedly held on a rotating spindle. A hollow cylindrical chuck (generally referred to as a collet chuck) with a cylindrical slot that can be elastically reduced in diameter (ie, reduced in diameter) is concentrically installed at the inner end of a hollow rotating spindle. Is done.
[0003]
Conventionally, the slit portion of this type of chuck includes a plurality of (for example, three) axial slits provided at one axial end of the cylindrical wall of the chuck. Therefore, a plurality of gripping pieces formed by dividing the cylindrical wall by the slits are formed in the slit portion. These grip pieces are integrally connected to the hollow cylindrical chuck body at their respective base ends, and can be elastically bent in a cantilever manner in the radial direction. Then, the operation mechanism built in the rotating spindle operates so as to apply a pressing force radially inward to the outer surfaces of the gripping pieces, so that the slit portion of the chuck is reduced in diameter, and each gripping piece The inner surface is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the bar under pressure, whereby the bar is fixedly held by the chuck.
[0004]
By the way, as a bar material processed by an automatic lathe, a drawing material having a low external accuracy is often used as it is. In the case of gripping a bar made of such a drawing material with the conventional chuck having the above-described configuration, the split part is caused by the fact that the bar itself has a non-uniform outer diameter in the length direction. In some cases, each of the grip pieces can grip the bar only in a local region (for example, the chuck tip region) on the inner surface. In such a case, during the processing operation of the bar held by the chuck, the bar may slip with respect to the chuck due to vibration generated in the bar, and as a result, the dimensional accuracy of the product may deteriorate. Therefore, conventionally, by providing irregularities on the inner surface of each gripping piece of the slit portion, the protruding portion of the inner surface of the gripping piece is bitten into the outer peripheral surface of the bar when gripping the bar, thereby preventing the bar from slipping with respect to the chuck. A configuration is proposed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the chuck having the conventional anti-slip structure described above, the first groove group extending in the axial direction and the first groove group extending in the circumferential direction orthogonal to the first groove group are formed on the inner surfaces of the plurality of gripping pieces of the slit portion. By forming two groove groups, unevenness for preventing slipping is provided. In this configuration, in order to form the first and second groove groups on the inner surfaces of the plurality of gripping pieces extending in a cylindrical shape, electric discharge machining is performed, or a plurality of times corresponding to the number of grooves by slotter machining or broaching. A processing method that consumes time at a relatively high cost, such as processing, must be performed, and as a result, there is a concern that the manufacturing cost of the chuck increases.
[0006]
It is an object of the present invention to reliably prevent slippage of a bar in a chuck that can occur during a bar processing operation in a chuck for gripping a bar that can be installed in a machine tool such as a lathe. An object of the present invention is to provide a chuck capable of remarkably improving accuracy .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention, comprises a cylindrical body portion, and a slit portion of the axial end elastically reduced in diameter provided in a cylindrical body portion The slit portion has a plurality of gripping pieces formed by dividing the cylindrical wall by a plurality of slits, and these gripping pieces are integrally connected to the body portion at each base end and cantilevered in the radial direction. In a chuck for gripping a bar material, which can be elastically bent like a beam, and the radially inner surfaces of the gripping pieces are bar material gripping surfaces that cooperate with each other, each bar material gripping of the plurality of gripping pieces the surface, a plurality of grooves are provided to cross each other and extend twisted relative to the axis of the slotted portion, the plurality of grooves, a plurality of first grooves extending parallel to one another and inclined in one direction with respect to the axis, the axis is inclined in the other direction is composed of a plurality of second grooves extending parallel to each other, multiple The first groove is formed of a thread groove obtained by forming one or more right female threads on the entire bar gripping surface of the plurality of gripping pieces, and the plurality of second grooves are the bars of the plurality of gripping pieces. It consists of a thread groove obtained by forming one or more left female threads on the entire material gripping surface, and the entire bar gripping surface of a plurality of gripping pieces by a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of second grooves. over, to provide a chuck wherein the Rukoto plurality of convex portions for preventing slippage of the bar is being formed by regularly distributed and aligned.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 2 provides the chuck according to claim 1 , wherein each of the right female screw and the left female screw is a trapezoidal screw. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the chuck according to the first or second aspect , wherein the right female screw and the left female screw have the same pitch and lead.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar components are denoted by common reference numerals.
1 and 2, a chuck 10 for gripping a bar according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in an end view and a sectional view, respectively. The chuck 10 includes a hollow cylindrical body portion 12 capable of receiving a rod (not shown) therein, and an elastically reduced hollow cylindrical slit portion provided at one end in the axial direction of the body portion 12. 14 and is configured so that the bar can be releasably gripped by the slit portion 14. Such a chuck 10 is generally referred to as a collet chuck, and is mounted on a spindle of a machine tool such as an automatic lathe and fixedly grips a bar material to be processed.
[0011]
The slit portion 14 includes three slits 18 that are engraved over a predetermined length in the axial direction from one axial end surface 16 a of the cylindrical wall 16 of the chuck 10. Therefore, in the slit portion 14, three grip pieces 20 formed by dividing the cylindrical wall 16 by the slits 18 are formed. These grip pieces 20 are integrally connected to the body portion 12 at their respective base ends, and each can be elastically bent in a cantilever manner in the radial direction. Tapered surfaces 22 are respectively formed on the radially outer surfaces of the three gripping pieces 20 of the slit portion 14. In addition, the radially inner surfaces of the gripping pieces 20 act as bar gripping surfaces 24 that expand in a cylindrical shape and cooperate with each other.
[0012]
In the chuck 10, for example, an operation mechanism built in a rotation main shaft of an automatic lathe (not shown) operates so as to apply a pressing force inward in the radial direction to the tapered surfaces 22 of the three gripping pieces 20. 20 is elastically bent, and the slit portion 14 is reduced in diameter. As a result, the chuck 10 is in a closed state, and the bar gripping surface 24 of each gripping piece 20 of the slit portion 14 is brought into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the bar under pressure, and the bar is gripped in a fixed manner. When the radial pressing force on each tapered surface 22 is released, each gripping piece 20 is elastically restored, the slit portion 14 is expanded in diameter, the chuck 10 is opened, and the bar is released.
[0013]
In addition, the number of the slits 18 in the slit part 14 is not specifically limited. For example, as the number of slits 18 increases, the force required to elastically deform the gripping piece 20 decreases, so the bar gripping surfaces 24 of the plurality of gripping pieces 20 are compared with the outer peripheral surface of the bar with low external accuracy. The gripping function can be improved by following easily, but on the other hand, the mechanical strength of the slit portion 14 is lowered. Therefore, the number of slits 18 may be set so that the gripping piece 20 can be bent relatively easily within a range that does not impair the rigidity of the chuck 10.
[0014]
The chuck 10 includes a plurality of grooves 26 and 28 that extend in a twisted form with respect to the axis of the slit portion 14 and intersect each other on the bar gripping surface 24 of each gripping piece 20 of the slit portion 14. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the grooves 26 and 28 are inclined in one direction and extend in a straight line parallel to each other, and the other directions so as to cross the first grooves 26, respectively. And a plurality of second grooves 28 extending linearly in parallel with each other. Thereby, the unevenness | corrugation for preventing the sliding of a bar is formed over the whole bar holding surface 24 of the three holding pieces 20 of the slit part 14. FIG. That is, the parallelogram-shaped convex part 30 is formed between the two adjacent first grooves 26 and the two adjacent second grooves 28 intersecting with each other.
[0015]
In particular, in the chuck 10 according to the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of first grooves 26 and the plurality of second grooves 28 are formed with the same arrangement interval and symmetrical inclination angle. As a result, the plurality of rhombus-shaped convex portions 30 in a plan view as shown in the drawing are regularly distributed and aligned over the entire bar gripping surface 24 of the three gripping pieces 20 of the slit portion 14. It is formed.
[0016]
According to the chuck 10 having such a configuration, when a bar is gripped by the slit portion 14, a pressing force inward in the radial direction is applied to each gripping piece 20, whereby the bar of each gripping piece 20. The plurality of convex portions 30 formed on the gripping surface 24 are in close contact with the rod outer peripheral surface under pressure. The amount of biting of each convex part 30 of the bar gripping surface 24 into the bar differs depending on the pressing force applied to the gripping piece 20, the shape (sharpness) of the convex part 30, the size of the tip surface, and the hardness of the bar. However, in any case, the convex portions 30 act so as to effectively prevent the bar from slipping with respect to the bar holding surface 24.
[0017]
Moreover, each of the plurality of convex portions 30 formed on the bar holding surface 24 is formed by a plurality of first grooves 26 and second grooves 28 that extend in a twisted form with respect to the axis of the slit portion 14 and intersect each other. Therefore, the peripheral edge 30a (FIG. 3) extended diagonally with respect to an axis is formed in the end surface which closely_contact | adheres to the rod outer peripheral surface of each convex part 30. FIG. Therefore, each convex part 30 can prevent the sliding in both the length direction and the rotation direction of the bar gripped by the slit portion 14 by its peripheral edge 30a. In particular, when a plurality of rhombus-shaped convex portions 30 are regularly formed on the bar gripping surface 24 as shown in the drawing, there is an advantage that the bar can be prevented from slipping by balancing in a directional direction.
[0018]
Therefore, according to the chuck 10, even when gripping a bar made of a drawn material with low external accuracy, the plurality of convex portions 30 formed on each gripping piece 20 of the slit portion 14 can be bitten into the bar outer peripheral surface. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably prevent the sliding of the bar in the chuck that may occur during the bar processing operation. As a result, the processing accuracy of the bar by the automatic lathe equipped with the chuck 10 can be remarkably improved.
[0019]
The unevenness for preventing slip provided on the bar gripping surface 24 of the chuck 10 includes a step of forming one or more desired number of right female threads on the substantially cylindrical inner surface of the slit portion 14, and one or more It can be formed by continuously performing the step of forming the desired number of left female threads. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the left and right female threads are formed by turning using a female thread cutting tool 34 attached to the tool spindle 32 in the slit portion 14 in the previous stage where the slit 18 is preferably formed.
[0020]
In the female thread cutting process, the right female thread forming step is performed by reciprocally feeding at least one of the chuck 10 and the cutting tool 34 in the axial direction without changing the rotational direction and rotational speed of the chuck 10 as a workpiece. It is advantageous to carry out the left female thread forming step alternately for each strip. If a smooth threading operation can be performed, each female threading step may be performed after the slit 18 is formed in the slit portion 14.
[0021]
In the chuck 10 manufactured by this method, the plurality of the first grooves 26 of the slit portion 14 are composed of the thread grooves 26 of the desired number of right female threads, and similarly, the plurality of second grooves 28 are desired. It is comprised from the thread groove 28 of the left internal thread of the number of strips. In the illustrated embodiment, the right female screw having the screw groove 26 and the left female screw having the screw groove 28 are formed with the same pitch and lead.
[0022]
According to the manufacturing method described above, it is possible to form the plurality of first grooves 26 and second grooves 28 extending in a twisted manner with respect to the axis of the slit portion 14 extremely quickly and accurately. In addition, since the first and second grooves 26 and 28 can be formed only by a simple turning process, an increase in manufacturing cost of the chuck 10 can be suppressed. Further, by changing the pitch and lead of the right female screw having the screw groove 26 and the left female screw having the screw groove 28, the shape, size, arrangement interval, and the like of the convex portion 30 can be freely changed.
[0023]
Furthermore, if the shape of the female thread cutting tool 34, which is a total form tool, is changed variously, the shape of each thread groove 26, 28 (width dimension, depth dimension, thread surface inclination angle, etc.) changes accordingly. As a result, the shape, size, arrangement interval, and the like of the convex portion 30 can be freely changed. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, when each of the above-described right female screw and left female screw is formed of a trapezoidal screw, the shape of the convex portion 30 having a rhombic shape in plan view (the degree of sharpness) is adjusted by adjusting the depth of each screw groove 26, 28. ) And dimensions (especially the dimensions of the tip surface) can be freely set in accordance with the required degree of anti-slip effect.
[0024]
FIG. 5A shows an example of the uneven shape of the cylindrical inner surface of the slit portion 14 produced according to the above-described manufacturing method, in a form developed in a planar shape. FIG.5 (b) shows the form which expanded the axial direction end surface of the slit part 14 similarly. In this example, the thread groove (first groove) 36 of the six right female threads and the thread groove (second groove) 38 of the six left female threads have the same pitch and lead, and are divided. It is formed on the entire bar gripping surface 24 of the three gripping pieces 20 of the portion 14. Accordingly, a large number of convex portions 40 having a rhombus in plan view of the same size are regularly distributed and aligned over the entire bar gripping surface 24. It will be understood from the illustrated example that the shape, size, and arrangement interval of the convex portions 40 can be easily changed by adjusting the depths of the screw grooves 36 and 38 constituting the trapezoidal screw.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, in the chuck for gripping a bar material that can be installed in a machine tool such as a lathe, even when a bar material made of a drawn material with low external accuracy is gripped, the bar material It becomes possible to reliably prevent the sliding of the bar in the chuck that may occur during the machining operation. As a result, it is possible to remarkably improve the processing accuracy of the bar by the machine tool equipped with the chuck. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to rapidly manufacture a chuck having such a slip prevention function at a low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an axial end view of a chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the chuck of FIG. 1 taken along line II-II.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the slitting portion shown in FIG.
4 is a view showing a manufacturing process of the chuck of FIG. 1 and a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2;
5 is a developed plan view showing an example of the inner surface shape of the slit portion of the chuck of FIG. 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Chuck 12 ... Body part 14 ... Slot part 16 ... Cylindrical wall 18 ... Slit 20 ... Gripping piece 22 ... Tapered surface 24 ... Bar material holding surface 26, 36 ... 1st groove | channel (screw groove)
28, 38 ... second groove (screw groove)
30, 40 ... convex part 32 ... tool spindle 34 ... female thread cutting tool

Claims (3)

筒状の胴体部と、該胴体部の軸線方向一端に設けられる弾性的に縮径可能な筒状のすり割り部を具備し、該すり割り部は、筒状壁を複数のスリットによって分割してなる複数の把持片を有し、それら把持片は、各々の基端で該胴体部に一体的に連結されて径方向へ片持ちはり式に弾性的に撓むことができ、それら把持片の径方向内面が、互いに協働する棒材把持面である、棒材把持用のチャックにおいて、
前記複数の把持片の各々の前記棒材把持面に、前記すり割り部の軸線に対しねじれて延びて互いに交差する複数の溝が設けられ、それら複数の溝が、該軸線に対し一方向へ傾斜して互いに平行に延びる複数の第1溝と、該軸線に対し他方向へ傾斜して互いに平行に延びる複数の第2溝とから構成され
前記複数の第1溝が、前記複数の把持片の前記棒材把持面の全体に1条以上の右雌ねじを形成することにより得られたねじ溝からなり、
前記複数の第2溝が、前記複数の把持片の前記棒材把持面の全体に1条以上の左雌ねじを形成することにより得られたねじ溝からなり、
前記複数の第1溝と前記複数の第2溝とにより、前記複数の把持片の前記棒材把持面の全体に渡って、棒材の滑りを防止する複数の凸部分が規則的に分布かつ整列して形成されていること、
を特徴とするチャック。
Dividing a cylindrical body portion, comprising a elastically reduced in diameter can be cylindrical slotted portion provided at one axial end of the barrel body, the slotted portion, the cylindrical wall by a plurality of slits The gripping pieces are integrally connected to the body at each base end and can be elastically bent in a cantilever manner in the radial direction. In the chuck for gripping a bar material, in which the radially inner surfaces of the pieces are bar gripping surfaces that cooperate with each other ,
The bar gripping surface of each of the plurality of gripping pieces, a plurality of grooves are provided to cross each other and extend twisted relative to the axis of the slit portion, the plurality of grooves, in one direction relative to said axis It is composed of a plurality of first grooves that are inclined and extend in parallel with each other, and a plurality of second grooves that are inclined in the other direction with respect to the axis and extend in parallel with each other ,
The plurality of first grooves are thread grooves obtained by forming one or more right female threads over the entire bar gripping surface of the plurality of gripping pieces,
The plurality of second grooves are thread grooves obtained by forming one or more left female threads on the entire bar gripping surface of the plurality of gripping pieces,
With the plurality of first grooves and the plurality of second grooves, a plurality of convex portions for preventing the sliding of the bar material are regularly distributed over the entire bar gripping surface of the plurality of gripping pieces, and aligned been formed Rukoto,
A chuck characterized by.
前記右雌ねじ及び前記左雌ねじの各々が台形ねじからなる請求項1に記載のチャック。  The chuck according to claim 1, wherein each of the right female screw and the left female screw is a trapezoidal screw. 前記右雌ねじと前記左雌ねじとが互いに同一のピッチ及びリードを有する請求項1又は2に記載のチャック。  The chuck according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the right female screw and the left female screw have the same pitch and lead.
JP14198999A 1999-05-21 1999-05-21 Chuck Expired - Fee Related JP4349686B2 (en)

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JP7382251B2 (en) * 2020-02-18 2023-11-16 株式会社ツガミ Collets, machine tools and collet manufacturing methods
CN112658305A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-16 小巧精密科技(南通)有限公司 Chuck for clamping special-shaped piece, small piece and thin piece

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