JP4348898B2 - Organic matter processing method and processing apparatus - Google Patents

Organic matter processing method and processing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4348898B2
JP4348898B2 JP2002122285A JP2002122285A JP4348898B2 JP 4348898 B2 JP4348898 B2 JP 4348898B2 JP 2002122285 A JP2002122285 A JP 2002122285A JP 2002122285 A JP2002122285 A JP 2002122285A JP 4348898 B2 JP4348898 B2 JP 4348898B2
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solid
liquid
flow path
phase
separation device
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JP2003311141A (en
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健次 鈴木
文彦 玉蟲
敬一 三輪
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有機物を水熱反応処理する処理方法及び処理装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年、有機廃棄物を水熱反応処理して液状化し、減容化する試みがなされている。水熱反応処理は、水の臨界点（温度３７５℃、圧力２２ＭＰａ）より低い亜臨界水により処理対象物を分解処理するものである。水熱反応処理は、超臨界水反応処理に比べ、設備や所要エネルギーの面で有利であるため、ダイオキシンのような難分解物質以外の例えば動植物性残渣といった有機物を処理する際に用いられる。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、水熱反応処理装置を用いて有機物を水熱反応処理する際、有機物スラリー中の懸濁物質や反応により生成する残渣、無機固形分等が反応装置内に付着・堆積するおそれがある。すると、反応装置が閉塞し、安定した処理を行えなくなる。
【０００４】
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、反応装置内に有機物スラリーに含まれる懸濁物質や反応残渣を反応装置から迅速に抜き出し、装置内部での閉塞を防止できる有機物の処理方法及び処理装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するため、本発明の有機物の処理方法は、有機物の処理方法であって、前記有機物を所定の循環流路で循環しつつ水熱反応処理して該有機物を含む液状体を生成するとともに、該循環流路に設けた固液分離装置で前記液状体を液相と該液相より固形分が多い固相とに分離し、前記固液分離装置で分離された前記液相のほぼ全てを前記循環流路に戻すとともに、前記固液分離装置で分離された前記固相を前記循環流路より連続的に抜き出すことを特徴とする。
【０００６】
本発明の有機物の処理装置は、有機物の処理装置であって、循環流路を有し、前記有機物を該循環流路で循環しつつ水熱反応処理して前記有機物を含む液状体を生成する水熱反応処理部と、前記循環流路に設けられ、前記液状体を液相と該液相より固形分が多い固相とに分離する固液分離装置と、前記固液分離装置で分離された前記固相を前記循環流路の外部に連続的に排出する排出流路とを備え、前記固液分離装置で分離された前記液相のほぼ全てが前記循環流路に戻されるように設定されていることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
本発明によれば、有機物を循環流路で循環しつつ所定の温度及び圧力条件下で水熱反応処理することにより、有機物を液状体に変換できる。そして、この液状体を循環流路で固液分離し、分離された固相を循環流路から抜き出すことによって、この固相中には懸濁物質や液状化しないで残った無機物等の残渣が多く含まれているので、循環流路に懸濁物質や残渣を長期間停滞させることがない。したがって、循環流路が前記懸濁物質や残渣により閉塞されるおそれを低減できるので、安定した水熱反応処理を行うことができる。そして、固液分離された液相は循環流路に全て戻されるので、この液相中に含まれている固形分を循環流路で液状化することができる。
【０００８】
本発明の有機物の処理方法において、前記抜き出した固相を第２の固液分離装置で固液分離する構成が採用される。これにより、液体成分を含んでいる固相を第２の固液分離装置で更に固液分離することができ、生成された液相及び固相に対して所定の処理を行うことにより、これらを有効利用できる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の有機物の処理方法及び処理装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。図１は本発明の有機物の処理装置の一実施形態を示す概略構成図である。図１において、処理装置Ｓは、循環流路２を有し、有機物を含むスラリーを循環流路２で循環しつつ所定の温度及び圧力条件下で水熱反応処理して有機物を含む液状体を生成する水熱反応処理部１と、循環流路２に設けられ、液状体を固液分離する固液分離装置３とを備えている。水熱反応処理により液状体となった有機物は、循環流路２に設けられているポンプＰで固液分離装置３を含む循環流路２を循環する。有機物スラリーは循環流路２の途中から連続的に循環流路２に対して供給される。
【００１０】
固液分離装置３は、例えば重力沈降槽や液体サイクロン型分離器により構成されており、循環流路２を流れる液状体を液相と固相とに分離する。固液分離装置３により分離された液相には僅かに固形分が含まれており、これらは全て循環流路２に戻されるように設定されている。一方、固液分離装置３により分離された固相は液相より固形分を多く含んでおり、固相に含まれる固形分は、Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、及び各種金属等の無機固形分、あるいは水熱反応により生成される残渣、懸濁物質等である。
【００１１】
固液分離装置３で分離された固相は、排出流路４を通って循環流路２の外部に排出される。このとき、固相は循環流路２の外部に連続的に排出される。固形分を多く含んだ固相が循環流路２の外部に連続的に排出されることにより、循環流路２に前記固形分が付着・堆積することによって循環流路２が閉塞されるおそれが低減されている。
【００１２】
排出流路４には冷却装置５が設けられている。冷却装置５は排出流路４を流れる固相を冷却水で冷却する。排出流路４は途中から第１流路６と第２流路７とに分岐する。第１流路６には、抜き出された固相を固液分離する固液分離装置（第２の固形分離装置）８が設けられており、この固液分離装置８で分離された固相は貯蔵槽９に貯蔵され、その後、濃縮等の所定の処理を施される。第２流路７にも、抜き出された固相を固液分離する固液分離装置（第２の固形分離装置）１０が設けられており、この固液分離装置１０で分離された固相は貯蔵槽１１に貯蔵され、その後、濃縮等の所定の処理を施される。所定の処理を施されることにより、これら固相は例えば燃料等に変換されたり、含まれる無機物や金属を取り出して、有効利用される。固液分離装置８，１０は、重力沈降槽、液体サイクロン型分離器、あるいは濾過フィルタにより構成されている。
【００１３】
ここで、第１流路６には弁６ａが、第２流路７には弁７ａが設けられており、これら弁６ａ、７ａを駆動することにより流路が切り替えられ、排出流路４からの固相は、固液分離装置８と固液分離装置１０とのいずれか一方に選択的に供給される。このように、固液分離装置を２系統設けることにより、２つある固液分離装置のうち、いずれか１つを使用中に残りの１つをメンテナンスする等の所定の処理を行うことができる。
【００１４】
また、固液分離装置８で分離された液相は第３流路１２を通って気液分離装置１３に供給され、一方、固液分離装置１０で分離された液相は第４流路１４を通って気液分離装置１３に供給される。気液分離装置１３で分離された液相は、例えば酸化処理等の所定の処理を施され、気液分離装置１３で分離された気相は、凝縮装置１５に供給される。凝縮装置１５は気液分離装置１３からの気相に含まれている液体成分を凝縮し、気液分離装置１３で分離された液相と合流させる。
【００１５】
上述した処理装置Ｓを用いて有機物（有機廃棄物）を処理する際には、有機物を循環流路２で循環しつつ所定の温度及び圧力条件下で水熱反応処理し、有機物を含む液状体を生成する。ここで、前記所定の温度及び圧力は、処理対象である有機物に応じて適宜設定される。
【００１６】
そして、循環流路２で生成された液状体は、循環流路２に設けられている固液分離装置３で液相と固相とに分離される。分離された液相の全ては循環流路２に戻され、一方、固相は排出流路４を介して循環流路２の外部に連続的に抜き出される。循環流路２に戻された液相のうち、僅かに含まれている固形分は水熱反応処理されて液状化される。一方、固形分を多く含んだ固相は、循環流路２の外部に排出される。
【００１７】
以上説明したように、有機物を循環流路２で循環しつつ水熱反応処理して液状体に変換し、この液状体を循環流路２の途中に設けられた固液分離装置３で固液分離し、分離された固相を循環流路２の外部に連続的に抜き出すことにより、懸濁物質や液状化しないで残った無機物等の残渣を多く含んでいる固相を循環流路２から迅速に抜き出すことができるので、循環流路２に懸濁物質や残渣を長期間停滞させることがない。したがって、循環流路２が前記懸濁物質や残渣により閉塞されるおそれを低減できるので、安定した水熱反応処理を行うことができる。また、固液分離された液相は循環流路２に全て戻されるので、この液相中に含まれている固形分を循環流路で液状化することができ、固形分を効率良く処理できる。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、有機物を循環流路で循環しつつ水熱反応処理して液状体とし、この液状体を循環流路で固液分離し、分離された固相を循環流路から抜き出すことにより、循環流路に懸濁物質や残渣が長期間停滞するのを抑えることができる。したがって、循環流路が前記懸濁物質や残渣により閉塞されるおそれを低減できるので、安定した水熱反応処理を行うことができる。そして、固液分離された液相は循環流路に全て戻されるので、この液相中に含まれている固形分を循環流路で液状化することができ、効率良い処理を実現できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の有機物の処理装置の一実施形態を示す概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 水熱反応処理部
２ 循環流路
３ 固液分離装置
４ 排出流路
８ 固液分離装置（第２の固液分離装置）
１０ 固液分離装置（第２の固液分離装置）
Ｓ 処理装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a treatment method and a treatment apparatus for hydrothermal reaction treatment of organic matter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, attempts have been made to reduce the volume of organic waste by liquefaction by hydrothermal reaction treatment. In the hydrothermal reaction treatment, an object to be treated is decomposed with subcritical water lower than the critical point of water (temperature: 375 ° C., pressure: 22 MPa). Hydrothermal reaction treatment is advantageous in terms of equipment and required energy as compared with supercritical water reaction treatment, and is therefore used when treating organic substances such as animal and vegetable residues other than persistent decomposition substances such as dioxins.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when hydrothermal reaction processing is performed on an organic substance using a hydrothermal reaction processing apparatus, suspended substances in the organic slurry, residues generated by the reaction, inorganic solids, and the like may be attached and deposited in the reaction apparatus. Then, the reactor is blocked and stable treatment cannot be performed.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to quickly extract suspended substances and reaction residues contained in an organic slurry into a reaction apparatus from the reaction apparatus, and to prevent organic substances from clogging inside the apparatus. An object is to provide a processing method and a processing apparatus.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, an organic matter processing method of the present invention is an organic matter treatment method, wherein a liquid material containing the organic matter is obtained by hydrothermal reaction treatment while circulating the organic matter in a predetermined circulation channel. The liquid phase produced by the solid-liquid separation device provided in the circulation channel is separated into a liquid phase and a solid phase having a higher solid content than the liquid phase, and separated by the solid-liquid separation device. Is returned to the circulation channel, and the solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator is continuously extracted from the circulation channel.
[0006]
The organic matter processing apparatus of the present invention is an organic matter processing apparatus having a circulation flow path, and generating a liquid containing the organic matter by hydrothermal reaction treatment while circulating the organic matter in the circulation flow path. A hydrothermal reaction processing unit, a solid-liquid separation device that is provided in the circulation channel and separates the liquid into a liquid phase and a solid phase having a higher solid content than the liquid phase, and is separated by the solid-liquid separation device. A discharge channel for continuously discharging the solid phase to the outside of the circulation channel, and set so that almost all of the liquid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator is returned to the circulation channel. It is characterized by being.
[0007]
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, an organic substance can be converted into a liquid body by carrying out a hydrothermal reaction process on predetermined temperature and pressure conditions, circulating the organic substance in a circulation flow path. Then, this liquid material is solid-liquid separated in the circulation channel, and the separated solid phase is extracted from the circulation channel, so that residues such as suspended substances and inorganic substances remaining without liquefaction are left in the solid phase. Since it is contained in a large amount, suspended substances and residues do not stay in the circulation channel for a long time. Therefore, since the possibility that the circulation channel is blocked by the suspended substances and residues can be reduced, a stable hydrothermal reaction treatment can be performed. And since all the liquid phases separated into solid and liquid are returned to the circulation channel, the solid content contained in this liquid phase can be liquefied in the circulation channel.
[0008]
In the organic matter processing method of the present invention, a configuration in which the extracted solid phase is subjected to solid-liquid separation with a second solid-liquid separation device is employed. As a result, the solid phase containing the liquid component can be further solid-liquid separated by the second solid-liquid separation device, and by performing a predetermined treatment on the generated liquid phase and solid phase, Effective use.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the organic substance processing method and processing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an organic matter processing apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the processing apparatus S has a circulation channel 2, and circulates a slurry containing organic matter in the circulation channel 2, and hydrothermally reacts under a predetermined temperature and pressure condition to obtain a liquid containing organic matter A hydrothermal reaction processing unit 1 to be generated and a solid-liquid separation device 3 provided in the circulation flow path 2 for solid-liquid separation of the liquid material are provided. The organic matter that has become a liquid by the hydrothermal reaction treatment circulates in the circulation channel 2 including the solid-liquid separation device 3 by the pump P provided in the circulation channel 2. The organic slurry is continuously supplied to the circulation channel 2 from the middle of the circulation channel 2.
[0010]
The solid-liquid separation device 3 is constituted by, for example, a gravity sedimentation tank or a liquid cyclone separator, and separates the liquid flowing through the circulation channel 2 into a liquid phase and a solid phase. The liquid phase separated by the solid-liquid separation device 3 contains a slight amount of solids, and these are all set back to the circulation channel 2. On the other hand, the solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separation device 3 contains more solids than the liquid phase, and the solids contained in the solid phase are inorganic solids such as Ca, Si and various metals, or hydrothermal Residues produced by the reaction, suspended substances and the like.
[0011]
The solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator 3 is discharged to the outside of the circulation flow path 2 through the discharge flow path 4. At this time, the solid phase is continuously discharged to the outside of the circulation channel 2. Since the solid phase containing a large amount of solid is continuously discharged to the outside of the circulation channel 2, the circulation channel 2 may be blocked due to the solid content adhering and depositing on the circulation channel 2. Has been reduced.
[0012]
A cooling device 5 is provided in the discharge channel 4. The cooling device 5 cools the solid phase flowing through the discharge channel 4 with cooling water. The discharge channel 4 branches into a first channel 6 and a second channel 7 from the middle. The first flow path 6 is provided with a solid-liquid separation device (second solid separation device) 8 for solid-liquid separation of the extracted solid phase, and the solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separation device 8. Is stored in the storage tank 9, and then subjected to a predetermined treatment such as concentration. The second flow path 7 is also provided with a solid-liquid separation device (second solid separation device) 10 for solid-liquid separation of the extracted solid phase, and the solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separation device 10. Is stored in the storage tank 11 and then subjected to a predetermined treatment such as concentration. By applying a predetermined treatment, these solid phases are converted into, for example, fuel or the like, or the contained inorganic substances and metals are taken out and used effectively. The solid-liquid separators 8 and 10 are constituted by a gravity sedimentation tank, a liquid cyclone separator, or a filtration filter.
[0013]
Here, a valve 6 a is provided in the first flow path 6, and a valve 7 a is provided in the second flow path 7, and the flow paths are switched by driving these valves 6 a, 7 a, and from the discharge flow path 4. The solid phase is selectively supplied to either the solid-liquid separator 8 or the solid-liquid separator 10. As described above, by providing two systems of solid-liquid separation devices, it is possible to perform predetermined processing such as maintenance of the remaining one of the two solid-liquid separation devices during use. .
[0014]
The liquid phase separated by the solid-liquid separation device 8 is supplied to the gas-liquid separation device 13 through the third flow path 12, while the liquid phase separated by the solid-liquid separation apparatus 10 is supplied to the fourth flow path 14. It is supplied to the gas-liquid separator 13 through. The liquid phase separated by the gas-liquid separator 13 is subjected to a predetermined process such as an oxidation process, and the gas phase separated by the gas-liquid separator 13 is supplied to the condenser 15. The condensing device 15 condenses the liquid component contained in the gas phase from the gas-liquid separator 13 and merges it with the liquid phase separated by the gas-liquid separator 13.
[0015]
When processing the organic matter (organic waste) using the processing apparatus S described above, a hydrothermal reaction treatment is performed under a predetermined temperature and pressure condition while circulating the organic matter in the circulation flow path 2, and a liquid containing the organic matter. Is generated. Here, the said predetermined temperature and pressure are suitably set according to the organic substance which is a process target.
[0016]
The liquid material generated in the circulation channel 2 is separated into a liquid phase and a solid phase by a solid-liquid separation device 3 provided in the circulation channel 2. All of the separated liquid phase is returned to the circulation channel 2, while the solid phase is continuously extracted to the outside of the circulation channel 2 via the discharge channel 4. Of the liquid phase returned to the circulation flow path 2, a slightly contained solid content is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction treatment to be liquefied. On the other hand, the solid phase containing a large amount of solid content is discharged to the outside of the circulation channel 2.
[0017]
As described above, the organic matter is circulated in the circulation flow path 2 to be converted into a liquid by hydrothermal reaction treatment, and this liquid is solid-liquid separated by the solid-liquid separation device 3 provided in the circulation flow path 2. By separating and separating the separated solid phase continuously from the circulation channel 2, the solid phase containing a large amount of suspended solids or residues such as inorganic substances remaining without liquefaction is removed from the circulation channel 2. Since it can be quickly extracted, suspended substances and residues do not stay in the circulation channel 2 for a long period of time. Therefore, since the possibility that the circulation channel 2 is blocked by the suspended substances and residues can be reduced, stable hydrothermal reaction treatment can be performed. In addition, since the solid-liquid separated liquid phase is all returned to the circulation flow path 2, the solid content contained in the liquid phase can be liquefied in the circulation flow path, and the solid content can be processed efficiently. .
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the organic matter is circulated in the circulation channel while hydrothermal reaction treatment is performed to form a liquid material, and this liquid material is solid-liquid separated in the circulation channel, and the separated solid phase is extracted from the circulation channel. Thus, it is possible to suppress the suspension of suspended substances and residues in the circulation channel for a long period of time. Therefore, since the possibility that the circulation channel is blocked by the suspended substances and residues can be reduced, a stable hydrothermal reaction treatment can be performed. And since all the liquid phases separated into solid and liquid are returned to the circulation flow path, the solid content contained in this liquid phase can be liquefied in the circulation flow path, and efficient processing can be realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of an organic matter processing apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydrothermal reaction process part 2 Circulation flow path 3 Solid-liquid separation apparatus 4 Discharge flow path 8 Solid-liquid separation apparatus (2nd solid-liquid separation apparatus)
10 Solid-liquid separator (second solid-liquid separator)
S processing equipment

Claims (2)

有機物の処理方法であって、
前記有機物を所定の循環流路で循環しつつ水熱反応処理して該有機物を含む液状体を生成するとともに、該循環流路に設けた第１固液分離装置で前記液状体を液相と該液相より固形分が多い固相とに分離し、
前記第１固液分離装置で分離された前記液相のほぼ全てを前記循環流路に戻すとともに、前記第１固液分離装置で分離された前記固相を前記循環流路より排出流路に連続的に抜き出し、
前記抜き出した固相を、前記排出流路に接続可能な第１流路に配置された第２固液分離装置、及び前記排出流路に接続可能な第２流路に配置された第３固液分離装置のいずれか一方に選択的に供給し、
前記第２固液分離装置及び前記第３固液分離装置の一方に前記固相を供給しているときに、他方をメンテナンスすることを特徴とする有機物の処理方法。A method for treating organic matter,
While the organic matter is circulated in a predetermined circulation channel, a hydrothermal reaction treatment is performed to produce a liquid material containing the organic matter, and the liquid material is converted into a liquid phase by a first solid-liquid separation device provided in the circulation channel. Separating into a solid phase having a higher solid content than the liquid phase,
Nearly all of the liquid phase separated by the first solid-liquid separation device is returned to the circulation channel, and the solid phase separated by the first solid-liquid separation device is discharged from the circulation channel to the discharge channel. Extract continuously ,
A second solid-liquid separation device disposed in a first flow path connectable to the discharge flow path, and a third solid liquid disposed in a second flow path connectable to the discharge flow path are extracted. Selectively supply to one of the liquid separators,
A method for treating an organic substance, comprising maintaining one of the second solid-liquid separation device and the third solid-liquid separation device while maintaining the other solid phase . 有機物の処理装置であって、
循環流路を有し、前記有機物を該循環流路で循環しつつ水熱反応処理して前記有機物を含む液状体を生成する水熱反応処理部と、
前記循環流路に設けられ、前記液状体を液相と該液相より固形分が多い固相とに分離し、分離された前記液相のほぼ全てが前記循環流路に戻されるように設定されている第１固液分離装置と、
前記第１固液分離装置で分離された前記固相を前記循環流路の外部に連続的に排出する排出流路と、
前記排出流路に接続可能な第１流路に配置され、前記排出流路からの前記固相を固液分離する第２固液分離装置と、
前記排出流路に接続可能な第２流路に配置され、前記排出流路からの前記固相を固液分離する第３固液分離装置と、
前記排出流路からの固相が前記第２固液分離装置及び前記第３固液分離装置のいずれか一方に選択的に供給されるように、流路を切替える弁と、を備え、
前記第２固液分離装置及び前記第３固液分離装置の一方に前記固相を供給しているときに、他方への前記固相の供給を停止することを特徴とする有機物の処理装置。An organic material processing apparatus,
A hydrothermal reaction treatment section that has a circulation flow path and generates a liquid containing the organic matter by hydrothermal reaction treatment while circulating the organic matter in the circulation flow path;
Provided in the circulation flow path, configured to separate the liquid into a liquid phase and a solid phase having a higher solid content than the liquid phase, and return almost all of the separated liquid phase to the circulation flow path A first solid-liquid separation device,
A discharge channel for continuously discharging the solid phase separated by the first solid-liquid separator to the outside of the circulation channel ;
A second solid-liquid separation device that is disposed in a first flow path connectable to the discharge flow path and separates the solid phase from the discharge flow path;
A third solid-liquid separation device disposed in a second flow path connectable to the discharge flow path and configured to solid-liquid separate the solid phase from the discharge flow path;
A valve for switching the flow path so that the solid phase from the discharge flow path is selectively supplied to one of the second solid-liquid separation device and the third solid-liquid separation device,
An organic matter processing apparatus , wherein when the solid phase is supplied to one of the second solid-liquid separator and the third solid-liquid separator, the supply of the solid phase to the other is stopped .
JP2002122285A 2002-04-24 2002-04-24 Organic matter processing method and processing apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP4348898B2 (en)

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