JP4347474B2 - Clamping method of superplastic mold - Google Patents

Clamping method of superplastic mold Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4347474B2
JP4347474B2 JP32474399A JP32474399A JP4347474B2 JP 4347474 B2 JP4347474 B2 JP 4347474B2 JP 32474399 A JP32474399 A JP 32474399A JP 32474399 A JP32474399 A JP 32474399A JP 4347474 B2 JP4347474 B2 JP 4347474B2
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clamping
center
mold
clamping means
edge
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JP2001137967A (en
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鎮 横山
勝行 熊代
二郎 渡邊
良一 蔭山
啓之 奥中
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は超塑性成形用金型のクランプ方法の改良に関する。なお、本書において、「型組み」は下型に上型を重ねる(又は他方の型に一方の型を重ねる)ことをいい、「型締め」は上下型(又は一方・他方の型)が分離しないように型同士をクランプ等で締付けることをいう。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
金属材料を一定の条件の下に塑性加工を施すと、800〜1000%もの極めて大きな伸びを出現させることができる。この現象を「超塑性」と呼び、この超塑性は粒界すべり現象によるものであると説明されている。
【0003】
例えば特開平7−265966号公報「超塑性成形装置」には、コンパクトな装置が記載されている。この装置の概要を次図で説明する。なお、符号は新たに振り直した。
図8(a),(b)は改良された従来の超塑性成形装置の構成図兼作用説明図である。
(a)に示す通り、成形型100は、下右型101、下左型102、上型103からなる三分割型であり、下右型101と下左型102との間にキャビティ104を有し、上型103に給気管106を有する。107・・・(・・・は複数を示す。以下同様。)はヒータ、108・・・はクランプである。そして、予備成形した金属板110を型内に封じ込め、ヒータ107・・・で所定温度に暖めると共に給気管106から吹込んだガスの圧力で想像線で示すように膨らませる。すなわち、ブロー成形を実施する。
【0004】
(b)において、矢印▲1▼の通りに上型103を上げ、矢印▲2▼の通りに左下型102を左へ移動することにより型開きを実施し、矢印▲3▼の通りに成形品111を取出す。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記公報の第5頁右欄第18行〜第22行に「これにより上型3及び下型4,5はクランプ手段23等により気密的に型締めされる。[0041]この状態で、炉体2の内壁に取着されたヒータ18により、成形型1がその内部に保持される金属板Wと共に適宜の温度に加熱される。」と記載されており、図8(a)でも説明した通りに、クランプ手段による型締め後に、加熱を開始する。
【0006】
この加熱により、成形型1が熱膨張し始める。上記公報の成形型1では熱膨張により、上下型3,4,5が互いにずれぬようにクランプ手段23等で強固にクランプする構造を採用している。
【0007】
しかし、近年、製造すべき成形品が大型になり、それに伴なって成形用金型も大きくしなければならない。大型の成形用金型では熱膨張量が増大し、クランプ手段に強度的に無理が掛り、同時に成形用金型にも熱応力が増大し、金型の熱変形の発生要因となっている。従って、大きな熱膨張を伴なう超塑性成形用金型のクランプ装置は、改良の余地がある。
【0008】
そこで、本発明の目的は超塑性成形工程に伴なう加熱に、より適合できるクランプ装置を提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項1は、上下型の一つの縁辺に、この縁辺の中心を挟んで少なくとも4個のクランプ手段を前記縁辺に沿って直線状に配置し、前記クランプ手段のうち前記中心に最も近いものを縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段と定め、残りのクランプ手段を中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段と定めて、前記一つの縁辺にクランプ手段を取付け、同様に、上下型の他の縁辺に、縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段と中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段を縁辺に沿って直線状になるようにして、前記縁辺一つにつき少なくとも4個のクランプ手段を取付ける工程と、前記縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段を所定のクランプ加圧力に設定し、中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段をゼロ若しくは前記所定のクランプ加圧力より低いクランプ加圧力に設定する工程と、金型温度が成形温度に近づき且つブロー成形を開始して金型内圧が所定圧力に達したら前記中央に配置したクランプ手段は前記所定のクランプ加圧力を維持させ、前記中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段は前記所定のクランプ加圧力に切換える工程と、からなる超塑性成形用金型のクランプ方法である。
【0010】
ブランク材を投入する際に金型を型開きすると、金型温度は低下する。このときに縁辺の中央を強くクランプし、中央から遠い部位を弱くクランプする。このことにより、次に金型の昇温に伴なって発生する熱膨張を、中央から遠い部位に向って逃す。しかし、このままでは型締め力が不足するので、金型温度が成形温度に近づき且つ金型内圧が所定圧力に達したら中央から遠い部位も強くクランプする。これで、熱応力の発生を抑えること並びに型締め力を十分に高めることの双方を満足させることができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を添付図に基づいて以下に説明する。
図1(a),(b)は本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型の構造図兼作用図(その1)である。
(a)において、型開き状態の上型11、下型13間に、矢印▲1▼の通りに超塑性成形材料としてのブランク材20を投入し、下型13に載せる。そして、矢印▲2▼,▲2▼の如く上型11を型組みのために下げる。すると、先ず、パンチ部14,14がブランク材20に当り、これらパンチ部14,14がブランク材20を曲げ始める。
【0012】
(b)は、パンチ部14,14が、ダイ部15,15に深く進入して、ブランク材20を上に凸の深皿状に成形したことを示す。この(a)から(b)の工程を後述の超塑性成形の前に実施した「予備曲げ成形」という。21は得られた予備曲げ成形品である。
【0013】
図2(a),(b)は本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型の構造図兼作用図(その2)である。
(a)において、30,30は上型11の縁辺22,22に下型13の縁辺23,23を重ねた後に締めつけることで型締めするためのクランプ手段である。そして、上下型11,13を図示せぬ加熱手段で500℃〜600℃に加熱し、高圧ガス発生器19から供給した高圧ガスで予備曲げ成形品21を成形凹部12に達するまで膨出させる。すなわち、ブロー成形を実施する。
【0014】
(b)において、矢印▲3▼の通りに上型11を上げ、ブロア18を始動してエアを17,17から吹出し、このエアで成形品24を冷却して、縮めて上型11から離れやすくし、且つエア圧で成形品24を上型11から押出す。この結果、成形品24は短時間のうちにアーム部材25に落下する。アーム部材25を矢印▲5▼の通りに移動することで成形品24を取出す(払出す)ことができる。

【0015】
図3は本発明に係るクランプ手段の正面図であり、クランプ手段30は、上爪31と、下爪32と、これら上下爪31,32の前部間に掛け渡した連結リンク33と、上爪31の後部にシリンダ34aをピン35で連結し、下爪32の後部にピストンロッド34bをピン36で連結した油圧シリンダ34と、からなる。この油圧シリンダ34のピストンロッド34bを延ばせば上下爪31,32は閉状態になり、ピストンロッド34bを引けば上下爪31,32は開状態になる。
【0016】
図4は本発明に係るクランプ手段の平面図であり、上爪31の前部に長いピン37を通し、このピン37の両端に連結リンク33,33を取付けたこと、及び上爪31の後部にピン35,35を介してシリンダ34aを連結したことを示す。39は上爪31の押圧面である。
【0017】
図5は本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型のクランプ装置の構成図であり、クランプ装置40は、上下型11,13の縁をクランプする複数個のクランプ手段30・・・(・・・は複数個を示す。以下同様。)と、これらのクランプ手段30・・・に各々設けたクランプ加圧力設定手段42・・・と、これらのクランプ加圧力設定手段42・・・を制御する制御部44とからなる。
【0018】
クランプ手段30・・・は、実施例では4辺×4個の合計16個を配置した。クランプ加圧力設定手段42・・・は制御部44の指示に基づいて油圧を決定する手段である。
従って、16個のクランプ手段30・・・は、各々独立してクランプ加圧力を設定することができる。
【0019】
以上の構成からなる超塑性成形用金型のクランプ装置の作用を次に説明する。
図6(a),(b)は本発明に係るクランプ手段の配置図兼作用図である。
上下型11,13は平面視で矩形を呈し、4つの縁辺を各々4個の押圧面39で抑える。
便宜上、上下縁辺中央の計4個の押圧面39をA(A押圧面39)、その脇(左右)の計4個の押圧面39をC(C押圧面39)、左右縁辺中央の計4個の押圧面39をB(B押圧面39)、その脇(上下)の計4個の押圧面39をD(D押圧面39)と呼ぶことにする。
【0020】
そして、図(a)において、型締め時に、黒塗り長方形で示したところのA押圧面39・・・及びB押圧面39・・・は、高いクランプ加圧力に設定し、白抜き長方形で示したところのC押圧面39・・・及びD押圧面39・・・は、ゼロ若しくは低いクランプ加圧力に設定する。
【0021】
この状態で、上下型11,13を温めると、上下型11,13は矢印▲1▼,▲2▼の通りに、熱膨張する。上型11と下型13とは重量や内部の構造が互いに異なるため膨張の速度に差がでる。この際に、もしC押圧面39・・・及びD押圧面39・・・でのクランプ加圧力が大きければ、膨張を拘束することになり、上下型11,13に無理が掛ると共に、その反動でクランプ手段に過大な反力が掛り好ましいことではない。
そこで、本発明では型締めからしばらくの間は、各縁辺の中央のA押圧面39・・・及びB押圧面39・・・は強く抑えるが、中央から遠いC押圧面39・・・及びD押圧面39・・・は弱く抑えることで、熱膨張を拘束しないようにした。
【0022】
(b)は、昇温がある程度進み、且つブロー成形の為に高圧ガスを上下型11,13間に吹込み、型内圧がある程度上昇した時点でのクランプ手段の設定を説明する図である。すなわち、中央から遠いC押圧面39・・・及びD押圧面39・・・におけるクランプ加圧力を増加し、すべてのA〜D押圧面39・・・で強く押すようにしたことを示す。この理由は次の通りである。
【0023】
理由▲1▼〜昇温が進み上下型11,13が高温になれば、それ以降に発生する熱膨張並びに熱膨張差は小さくなり、上下型11,13に無理が掛る心配はない。
理由▲2▼〜型内圧が高まると、クランプ加圧力を相殺する力が働く。従って、C押圧面39・・・及びD押圧面39・・・におけるクランプ加圧力を増加することは差支えない。逆に、C押圧面39・・・及びD押圧面39・・・におけるクランプ加圧力が小さいとブランク材が不都合に移動することになるから、クランプ加圧力を高める必要があると言える。
以上の説明を再度、グラフに基づいて説明する。
【0024】
図7(a)〜(d)は本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型のクランプ方法を説明するためのグラフであり、これらのグラフの横軸は全て時間である。
(a)において、縦軸は温度であって、ブランク材(超塑性成形材料)の温度を示し、P1点で昇温を開始してブランク材を600℃程度(成形温度)まで温める。
P1点では、ブランク材を投入する際に金型を型開きするため、金型温度が低下したことを示す。
【0025】
(b)において、縦軸は型内圧力であり、金型温度が成形温度に近づいたところの点(P2)にて、金型に高圧ガスを吹込み始める。この圧力が所定圧力Psに達した点をP3と呼ぶ。
【0026】
ここで、「金型温度が成形温度に近づき」とは、金型温度が成形温度の50〜100%に相当する温度に達したときをいう。50%未満では膨張残が大であり、金型等に無理が掛る。100%であれば膨張残がゼロであり好ましいが、工程時間が延びる。そこで、金型温度が成形温度の50〜100%、より望ましくは70〜90%に達したときを金型温度が成形温度に近づいた温度という。
【0027】
また、所定圧力Psは、ブロー成形圧力Pbの50%程度とするが、0.2×Pb≦Ps≦0.8×Pbの範囲から選択すればよい。なお、Al系超塑性成形材料であれば、ブロー成形圧力Pbはほぼ1.0MPaである。
【0028】
(c)において、縦軸は図6で述べたA,Bにおけるクランプ加圧力を示し、A,Bでは前記P1点、すなわち、昇温開始時点で高い加圧力にする。そして、この高い加圧力は成形完了まで続ける。
(d)において、縦軸は図6で述べたC,Dにおけるクランプ加圧力を示し、C,Dでは前記P1点では、ゼロ若しくは低いクランプ加圧力とし、前記P3点、すなわち型内圧力が所定圧力Psに達したら、高いクランプ加圧力に切換える。
【0029】
C,Dのクランプ加圧力を、P1点でゼロ若しくは低い加圧力としたのは、金型の縁辺は連続体であり、Aの加圧力の影響がCにも及ぶ。結果として、Aを押せば、押し力は小さいもののCの箇所も押したことになる。従って、Cのクランプ加圧力をゼロとすることが可能となる。DはCと同様であるから説明を省略する。
【0030】
以上に述べたP1点からP3点の間は、図6(a)の設定とし、P3点以降は図6(b)の設定とする如くに、C,Dにおけるクランプ加圧力の設定を途中で切換える。
【0031】
尚、クランプ手段30の構造は一例を示したに過ぎず、構造を変更することは差支えない。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記構成により次の効果を発揮する。
請求項1は、上下型の一つの縁辺に、この縁辺の中心を挟んで少なくとも4個のクランプ手段を前記縁辺に沿って直線状に配置し、前記クランプ手段のうち前記中心に最も近いものを縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段と定め、残りのクランプ手段を中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段と定めて、前記一つの縁辺にクランプ手段を取付け、同様に、上下型の他の縁辺に、縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段と中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段を縁辺に沿って直線状になるようにして、前記縁辺一つにつき少なくとも4個のクランプ手段を取付ける工程と、前記縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段を所定のクランプ加圧力に設定し、中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段をゼロ若しくは前記所定のクランプ加圧力より低いクランプ加圧力に設定する工程と、金型温度が成形温度に近づき且つブロー成形を開始して金型内圧が所定圧力に達したら前記中央に配置したクランプ手段は前記所定のクランプ加圧力を維持させ、前記中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段は前記所定のクランプ加圧力に切換える工程と、からなる超塑性成形用金型のクランプ方法であり、金型が低温のときに縁辺の中央を強くクランプし、中央から遠い部位を弱くクランプすることで、金型の昇温に伴なって発生する熱膨張を、中央から遠い部位に向って逃す。しかし、このままでは型締め力が不足するので、金型が成形温度に近づき且つ金型内圧が所定圧力に達したら中央から遠い部位も強くクランプする。これで、熱応力の発生を抑えること並びに型締め力を十分に高めることの双方を満足させることができる。
この結果、上下型からなる金型の傷みを抑えることができ、それの寿命を延ばすことができると共に、軽量化の可能となり、大きな経済効果が期待できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型の構造図兼作用図(その1)
【図2】本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型の構造図兼作用図(その2)
【図3】本発明に係るクランプ手段の正面図
【図4】本発明に係るクランプ手段の平面図
【図5】本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型のクランプ装置の構成図
【図6】本発明に係るクランプ手段の配置図兼作用図
【図7】本発明に係る超塑性成形用金型のクランプ方法を説明するためのグラフ
【図8】改良された従来の超塑性成形装置の構成図兼作用説明図
【符号の説明】
11,13…超塑性成形金型を構成する上型及び下型、22,23…上下型の縁辺、30…クランプ手段、31…上爪、32…下爪、34…油圧シリンダ、39…押圧面、40…クランプ装置、42…クランプ加圧力設定手段、44…制御部、Ps…所定圧力。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a clamping method for a superplastic molding die. In this document, “mold assembly” refers to stacking the upper mold on the lower mold (or stacking one mold on the other mold), and “clamping” means that the upper and lower molds (or one or the other mold) are separated. This means that the molds are clamped together so that they do not.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a metal material is plastically processed under a certain condition, an extremely large elongation of 800 to 1000% can appear. This phenomenon is called “superplasticity”, and it is explained that this superplasticity is caused by a grain boundary sliding phenomenon.
[0003]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-265966 “Superplastic Forming Device” describes a compact device. The outline of this apparatus will be described with reference to the following figure. The code has been newly reassigned.
8 (a) and 8 (b) are configuration diagrams and operation explanatory views of the improved conventional superplastic forming apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the mold 100 is a three-part mold composed of a lower right mold 101, a lower left mold 102, and an upper mold 103, and has a cavity 104 between the lower right mold 101 and the lower left mold 102. In addition, the upper mold 103 has an air supply pipe 106. 107 (... indicates a plurality, the same applies hereinafter) is a heater, 108 is a clamp. Then, the preformed metal plate 110 is sealed in a mold, heated to a predetermined temperature by the heaters 107... And expanded as indicated by an imaginary line by the pressure of the gas blown from the air supply pipe 106. That is, blow molding is performed.
[0004]
In (b), the upper mold 103 is raised as indicated by the arrow (1), the mold is opened by moving the lower left mold 102 to the left as indicated by the arrow (2), and the molded product is indicated as indicated by the arrow (3). 111 is taken out.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the right column, page 18 to line 22 of the above publication, “The upper mold 3 and the lower molds 4 and 5 are thereby hermetically clamped by the clamping means 23 etc. [0041] In this state, the furnace The heater 18 attached to the inner wall of the body 2 is heated to an appropriate temperature together with the metal plate W held in the inside of the mold 1 ”, and has been described with reference to FIG. As before, heating is started after clamping by the clamping means.
[0006]
By this heating, the mold 1 begins to expand thermally. The mold 1 of the above publication employs a structure in which the upper and lower molds 3, 4, 5 are firmly clamped by the clamping means 23 or the like so as not to be displaced from each other due to thermal expansion.
[0007]
However, in recent years, the molded articles to be manufactured have become larger, and the molds for molding have to be enlarged accordingly. In a large molding die, the amount of thermal expansion increases, the clamping means becomes unreasonable in strength, and at the same time, thermal stress also increases in the molding die, which causes generation of thermal deformation of the die. Therefore, there is room for improvement in a clamping device for a superplastic molding die with large thermal expansion.
[0008]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a clamping device that can be more adapted to heating accompanying the superplastic forming process.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Claim 1 in order to achieve the above object, the edge of one of upper and lower molds were placed in a straight line at least four clamping means with respect to the center of the edge along the edge, one of said clamping means defined as clamping means arranged closest to the center in the center of the edge, defining a clamp means disposed distant sites the remaining clamping means from the center, fitted with clamping means on edge of the one, likewise, vertical On the other edge of the mold, clamp means arranged at the center of the edge and clamp means arranged at a position far from the center are linear along the edge so that at least four clamp means per one edge are provided. And the clamping means arranged at the center of the edge is set to a predetermined clamping pressure, and the clamping means arranged at a position far from the center is set to zero or the predetermined A step of setting a clamp pressure lower than the lamp pressure, and when the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature and blow molding is started and the mold internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure, the clamp means arranged at the center is the predetermined clamp The clamping means arranged to maintain the applied pressure and disposed at a position far from the center is a method of clamping the superplastic forming die, comprising the step of switching to the predetermined clamp applied pressure.
[0010]
When the mold is opened when the blank material is introduced, the mold temperature decreases. At this time, the center of the edge is clamped strongly, and the part far from the center is clamped weakly. As a result, the thermal expansion that occurs with the next temperature rise of the mold is released toward a portion far from the center. However, since the clamping force is insufficient in this state, when the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature and the mold internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure, the part far from the center is also strongly clamped. This can satisfy both of suppressing the generation of thermal stress and sufficiently increasing the clamping force.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1A and 1B are a structural view and an operational view (No. 1) of a superplastic forming die according to the present invention.
In (a), a blank material 20 as a superplastic molding material is introduced between the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 13 in the mold open state as indicated by the arrow (1) and placed on the lower mold 13. Then, the upper die 11 is lowered for assembling as indicated by arrows (2) and (2). Then, first, the punch portions 14, 14 hit the blank material 20, and these punch portions 14, 14 begin to bend the blank material 20.
[0012]
(B) shows that the punch parts 14 and 14 have penetrated deeply into the die parts 15 and 15 and formed the blank material 20 into a convex deep dish shape. The steps (a) to (b) are referred to as “pre-bending molding” performed before superplastic forming described later. 21 is the obtained pre-bending molded product.
[0013]
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a structural view and an operational view (No. 2) of a superplastic forming die according to the present invention.
In (a), 30 and 30 are clamping means for clamping the mold by clamping the edges 23 and 23 of the lower mold 13 after overlapping the edges 22 and 22 of the upper mold 11. Then, the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 are heated to 500 ° C. to 600 ° C. by a heating means (not shown), and the pre-bending molded product 21 is swelled with the high pressure gas supplied from the high pressure gas generator 19 until it reaches the molding recess 12. That is, blow molding is performed.
[0014]
In (b), the upper die 11 is raised as indicated by the arrow (3), the blower 18 is started and air is blown out from the air 17 and 17, the molded product 24 is cooled by this air, and is shrunk and separated from the upper die 11. The molded product 24 is extruded from the upper mold 11 with air pressure. As a result, the molded product 24 falls on the arm member 25 in a short time. The molded product 24 can be taken out (dispensed) by moving the arm member 25 as shown by the arrow (5).
.
[0015]
3 is a front view of the clamping means according to the present invention. The clamping means 30 includes an upper claw 31, a lower claw 32, a connecting link 33 spanned between the front parts of the upper and lower claws 31, 32, and an upper claw. The cylinder 34 a is connected to the rear part of the claw 31 with a pin 35, and the hydraulic cylinder 34 is connected to the rear part of the lower claw 32 with a piston rod 34 b with a pin 36. When the piston rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is extended, the upper and lower claws 31 and 32 are closed, and when the piston rod 34b is pulled, the upper and lower claws 31 and 32 are opened.
[0016]
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the clamping means according to the present invention. A long pin 37 is passed through the front portion of the upper claw 31 and connecting links 33 and 33 are attached to both ends of the pin 37, and the rear portion of the upper claw 31. It shows that the cylinder 34a is connected via the pins 35 and 35. Reference numeral 39 denotes a pressing surface of the upper claw 31.
[0017]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a clamping device for a superplastic molding die according to the present invention. The clamping device 40 includes a plurality of clamping means 30 for clamping the edges of the upper and lower molds 11 and 13. , And the same applies hereinafter), and clamp pressure setting means 42 provided on the clamp means 30... And control for controlling the clamp pressure setting means 42. Part 44.
[0018]
In the embodiment, a total of 16 clamping means 30... The clamp pressure setting means 42... Are means for determining the hydraulic pressure based on an instruction from the control unit 44.
Accordingly, the 16 clamping means 30 can independently set the clamping pressure.
[0019]
Next, the operation of the clamping device for the superplastic molding die having the above-described configuration will be described.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are a layout view and an operation view of the clamping means according to the present invention.
The upper and lower molds 11 and 13 have a rectangular shape in plan view, and each of the four edges is held by four pressing surfaces 39.
For convenience, a total of four pressing surfaces 39 at the center of the upper and lower edges are A (A pressing surface 39), a total of four pressing surfaces 39 at the sides (left and right) are C (C pressing surfaces 39), and a total of four at the center of the left and right edges. The four pressing surfaces 39 are called B (B pressing surface 39), and the four pressing surfaces 39 on the side (up and down) are called D (D pressing surface 39).
[0020]
In FIG. 4A, the A pressing surface 39... And the B pressing surface 39. The C pressing surface 39 ... and the D pressing surface 39 ... are set to zero or a low clamping force.
[0021]
When the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 are heated in this state, the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 are thermally expanded as indicated by the arrows (1) and (2). Since the upper mold 11 and the lower mold 13 are different in weight and internal structure, the expansion speed is different. At this time, if the clamping pressure on the C pressing surface 39... And the D pressing surface 39... Is large, the expansion is restrained, and the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 are forced and the reaction thereof. Thus, an excessive reaction force is applied to the clamping means, which is not preferable.
Therefore, in the present invention, for a while after mold clamping, the A pressing surfaces 39... And B pressing surfaces 39... At the center of each edge are strongly suppressed, but the C pressing surfaces 39. The pressing surface 39... Is kept weak so as not to restrain thermal expansion.
[0022]
(B) is a diagram illustrating the setting of the clamping means when the temperature rises to some extent and high pressure gas is blown between the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 for blow molding, and the mold internal pressure rises to some extent. That is, it shows that the clamp pressure on the C pressing surfaces 39... And the D pressing surfaces 39. The reason is as follows.
[0023]
Reason (1)-If the temperature rises and the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 become high in temperature, the thermal expansion and the difference in thermal expansion that occur thereafter become smaller, and there is no concern that the upper and lower molds 11 and 13 will be forced.
Reason {circle around (2)} When the mold internal pressure increases, a force that cancels the clamping force acts. Therefore, it is possible to increase the clamp pressure on the C pressing surface 39... And the D pressing surface 39. On the contrary, if the clamping pressure on the C pressing surface 39... And the D pressing surface 39.
The above description will be described again based on the graph.
[0024]
FIGS. 7A to 7D are graphs for explaining the clamping method of the superplastic molding die according to the present invention, and the horizontal axes of these graphs are all time.
In (a), the vertical axis indicates temperature, which indicates the temperature of the blank material (superplastic molding material), and starts the temperature rise at the point P1 to warm the blank material to about 600 ° C. (molding temperature).
P1 indicates that the mold temperature has decreased because the mold is opened when the blank material is introduced.
[0025]
In (b), the vertical axis is the pressure inside the mold, and at the point (P2) where the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature, high pressure gas starts to be blown into the mold. The point where this pressure reaches the predetermined pressure Ps is called P3.
[0026]
Here, “the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature” means that the mold temperature reaches a temperature corresponding to 50 to 100% of the molding temperature. If it is less than 50%, the expansion residue is large, and it is difficult to mold. If it is 100%, the residual expansion is preferably zero, but the process time is extended. Therefore, when the mold temperature reaches 50 to 100% of the molding temperature, more desirably 70 to 90%, the temperature at which the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature is referred to.
[0027]
The predetermined pressure Ps is about 50% of the blow molding pressure Pb, but may be selected from the range of 0.2 × Pb ≦ Ps ≦ 0.8 × Pb. In the case of an Al-based superplastic molding material, the blow molding pressure Pb is approximately 1.0 MPa.
[0028]
In (c), the vertical axis indicates the clamp pressure at A and B described in FIG. 6, and at A and B, the pressure is increased at the P1 point, that is, at the start of temperature increase. This high pressure is continued until the molding is completed.
In (d), the vertical axis shows the clamp pressure at C and D described in FIG. 6, and at C and D, the point P1 is zero or low, and the point P3, that is, the in-mold pressure is predetermined. When the pressure Ps is reached, the pressure is switched to a higher clamping force.
[0029]
The clamp pressures of C and D are set to zero or low at the point P1, because the edge of the mold is a continuous body, and the influence of the pressure of A reaches C. As a result, if A is pressed, the portion of C is also pressed although the pressing force is small. Accordingly, the C clamping pressure can be made zero. Since D is the same as C, description thereof is omitted.
[0030]
Between the points P1 and P3 described above, the setting of FIG. 6 (a) is made, and after the point P3, the setting of the clamping pressure at C and D is set halfway, as shown in FIG. 6 (b). Switch.
[0031]
The structure of the clamp means 30 is only an example, and there is no problem changing the structure.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
Claim 1, the edge of one of upper and lower molds were placed in a straight line at least four clamping means with respect to the center of the edge along the edge, the one closest to the center of said clamping means The clamp means disposed at the center of the edge, the remaining clamp means are defined as the clamp means disposed at a location far from the center, and the clamp means is attached to the one edge, and similarly to the other edges of the upper and lower molds, Attaching at least four clamping means per edge so that the clamping means arranged at the center of the edge and the clamping means arranged at a position far from the center are linear along the edge; The clamp means arranged at the center is set to a predetermined clamping force, and the clamping means arranged at a position far from the center is set to zero or lower than the prescribed clamping pressure. And the clamping means arranged at the center maintains the predetermined clamping pressure when the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature and blow molding starts and the mold internal pressure reaches the predetermined pressure. The clamping means arranged at a position far from the center is a method for clamping the superplastic molding die, which comprises the step of switching to the predetermined clamping force, and strongly clamps the center of the edge when the die is cold. Then, by clamping the part far from the center weakly, the thermal expansion that occurs with the temperature rise of the mold is released toward the part far from the center. However, since the clamping force is insufficient in this state, when the mold approaches the molding temperature and the mold internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure, the part far from the center is strongly clamped. This can satisfy both of suppressing the generation of thermal stress and sufficiently increasing the clamping force.
As a result, damage to the upper and lower molds can be suppressed, the life of the mold can be extended, the weight can be reduced, and a great economic effect can be expected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram and action diagram of a superplastic molding die according to the present invention (part 1).
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram and action diagram of a superplastic molding die according to the present invention (part 2).
3 is a front view of the clamping means according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the clamping means according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a clamping device for a superplastic molding die according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a graph for explaining a clamping method of a superplastic molding die according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a configuration of an improved conventional superplastic molding apparatus. Figure and explanation of action [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 13 ... Upper mold | type and lower mold | type which comprise a superplastic molding die, 22, 23 ... Upper and lower mold | type edge, 30 ... Clamp means, 31 ... Upper nail | claw, 32 ... Lower claw, 34 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 39 ... Press 40, clamping device, 42 ... clamping pressure setting means, 44 ... control unit, Ps ... predetermined pressure.

Claims (1)

上下型の一つの縁辺に、この縁辺の中心を挟んで少なくとも4個のクランプ手段を前記縁辺に沿って直線状に配置し、前記クランプ手段のうち前記中心に最も近いものを縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段と定め、残りのクランプ手段を中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段と定めて、前記一つの縁辺にクランプ手段を取付け、
同様に、上下型の他の縁辺に、縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段と中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段を縁辺に沿って直線状になるようにして、前記縁辺一つにつき少なくとも4個のクランプ手段を取付ける工程と、
前記縁辺の中央に配置したクランプ手段を所定のクランプ加圧力に設定し、中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段をゼロ若しくは前記所定のクランプ加圧力より低いクランプ加圧力に設定する工程と、
金型温度が成形温度に近づき且つブロー成形を開始して金型内圧が所定圧力に達したら前記中央に配置したクランプ手段は前記所定のクランプ加圧力を維持させ、前記中央から遠い部位に配置したクランプ手段は前記所定のクランプ加圧力に切換える工程と、
からなる超塑性成形用金型のクランプ方法。
The edge of one of upper and lower molds were placed in a straight line at least four clamping means with respect to the center of the edge along the edge, arranged closest to the center of edge to the center of said clamping means was defined as the clamping means is, stipulates that clamping means disposed distant sites the remaining clamping means from the center, fitted with clamping means on edge of the one,
Similarly, at least four clamping means arranged at the center of the edge and clamping means arranged at a position far from the center on the other edges of the upper and lower molds are linear along the edge. Attaching the clamping means of
Setting the clamping means disposed at the center of the edge to a predetermined clamping pressure, and setting the clamping means disposed at a position far from the center to zero or a clamping pressure lower than the predetermined clamping pressure;
When the mold temperature approaches the molding temperature and the blow molding is started and the mold internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure, the clamping means disposed at the center maintains the predetermined clamping pressure and is disposed at a position far from the center. The clamping means switching to the predetermined clamping force;
Clamping method of superplastic molding die comprising:
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