JP4344371B2 - Steel slag granular fertilizer - Google Patents
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- JP4344371B2 JP4344371B2 JP2006199322A JP2006199322A JP4344371B2 JP 4344371 B2 JP4344371 B2 JP 4344371B2 JP 2006199322 A JP2006199322 A JP 2006199322A JP 2006199322 A JP2006199322 A JP 2006199322A JP 4344371 B2 JP4344371 B2 JP 4344371B2
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Description
本発明は、鉄鋼スラグを造粒した鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a steel slag granular fertilizer obtained by granulating steel slag.
従来より、銑鉄製造過程で生成する高炉スラグや鋼の製造工程で生成する製鋼スラグの鉄鋼スラグは、廃糖蜜やリグニンスルホン酸塩等の水溶性バインダーを用いて造粒し、粒状肥料として利用されている。
しかし、この粒状肥料は、鉄鋼スラグが水と反応して硬化するため崩壊性が悪く、肥料の分散不良が生じ、植物栄養上及び土壌改質面で満足できるものではなかった。
そこで、従来は、粒状肥料に添加するバインダーの量を増やすことにより崩壊性の向上を図ることが行われているが、十分な崩壊性を得るためには１０〜１５％のバインダーを必要とするため、鉄鋼スラグが有する肥料成分（ＣａＯ，ＳｉＯ２，Ｔ−Ｆｅ，ＭｇＯ）の含有率が相対的に減少する上に、乾燥時間が長くなり生産性に欠けるとともにバインダーのコストが増大し経済的にも不利であった。
これを解決する手段として、例えば、（特許文献１）には「ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルフェニルエーテル硫酸塩を添加することにより、水中及び土壌中の崩壊分散性を向上させた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料」が開示されている。
（特許文献２）には「鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料の崩壊分散性を向上させる添加剤として、分子中にＳＯ３Ｈ基、ＯＳＯ２Ｈ基、ＣＯＯＨ基、Ｐ（Ｏ）（ＯＨ）基又はＰ（Ｏ）（ＯＨ）２基を有する化合物又はその水溶性塩」が開示されている。
（特許文献３）には「鉄鋼スラグとバインダーを含有する鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料において、該肥料がＸ−Ｏ−（ＡＯ）ｍ−Ｈ（但し、Ｘは炭素数２〜３０のアシル基又は炭素数１〜３０の炭化水素基であり、Ａは炭素数２〜４のアルキレン基であり、ｍは１〜１００。）で示される化合物を０．００１〜１０重量％含有した鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料」が開示されている。
However, this granular fertilizer is hard to disintegrate because the steel slag reacts with water and hardens, resulting in poor dispersion of the fertilizer, and is not satisfactory in terms of plant nutrition and soil improvement.
Therefore, conventionally, it has been attempted to improve the disintegration by increasing the amount of the binder added to the granular fertilizer, but in order to obtain sufficient disintegration, 10-15% of the binder is required. Therefore, the content of fertilizer components (CaO, SiO 2 , T-Fe, MgO) contained in steel slag is relatively reduced, and the drying time becomes long, resulting in poor productivity and cost of the binder. It was also disadvantageous.
As means for solving this problem, for example, (Patent Document 1) discloses "steel slag granular fertilizer with improved dispersibility in water and soil by adding polyoxyalkylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate". Has been.
(Patent Document 2) states that “as an additive for improving disintegration dispersibility of steel slag granular fertilizer, SO 3 H group, OSO 2 H group, COOH group, P (O) (OH) group or P ( O) (OH) 2 group-containing compounds or water-soluble salts thereof ”are disclosed.
(Patent Document 3) states that “in a steel slag granular fertilizer containing steel slag and a binder, the fertilizer is X—O— (AO) m—H (where X is an acyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms or carbon number) 1-30 hydrocarbon groups, A is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is 1 to 100.) Steel slag granular fertilizer containing 0.001 to 10% by weight of a compound " It is disclosed.
しかしながら上記従来の技術においては、以下のような課題を有していた。
（１）これらの特許文献に開示の技術を用いた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料の崩壊性は、従来のものより改善されてはいるものの、まだ満足し得る水準にはないという課題を有していた。
（２）鉄鋼スラグのなかでも製鋼スラグは、高炉スラグと比べてＦｅ成分を多く含有しているので肥料の原料として好適であるが、製鋼スラグを造粒した粒状肥料の崩壊性は高炉スラグを造粒した粒状肥料より低く、製鋼スラグを原料とする粒状肥料で良好な崩壊性を示すものはほとんどなかった。
However, the above conventional techniques have the following problems.
(1) Although the collapsibility of the steel slag granular fertilizer using the technique disclosed in these patent documents has been improved from the conventional one, it has a problem that it is not yet at a satisfactory level.
(2) Among steel slags, steelmaking slag contains more Fe components than blast furnace slag, so it is suitable as a fertilizer raw material. However, the collapsibility of granular fertilizer granulated steelmaking slag is different from that of blast furnace slag. There were few granular fertilizers that were lower than granulated granular fertilizers and made of steel slag as a raw material and showed good disintegration.
本発明は上記従来の課題を解決するもので、崩壊性、特に水中で迅速に崩壊して分散する水中崩壊性に優れるとともに、施肥効果にも優れた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a steel slag granular fertilizer that is excellent in disintegration property, particularly in water disintegration property that disintegrates quickly and disperses in water, and also in excellent fertilization effect. To do.
上記従来の課題を解決するために本発明の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は、以下の構成を有している。
本発明の請求項１に記載の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は、アミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤からなる崩壊分散剤を含有した構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）アミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤は、安全性が高く水に対する溶解性に優れているため、水中で容易に溶解して、鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を迅速に崩壊して分散させることができる。
（２）植物の生育に必要な窒素成分を有するアミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤を含有しているので、施肥効果を高めることができる。
In order to solve the above conventional problems, the steel slag granular fertilizer of the present invention has the following configuration.
The iron and steel slag granular fertilizer of Claim 1 of this invention has the structure containing the disintegration dispersing agent which consists of an amino acid type anionic surfactant.
With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the amino acid-based anionic surfactant has high safety and excellent solubility in water, it can be easily dissolved in water and rapidly disintegrate and disperse the steel slag granular fertilizer.
(2) Since an amino acid anionic surfactant having a nitrogen component necessary for plant growth is contained, the effect of fertilization can be enhanced.
ここで、鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は、バインダーで鉄鋼スラグを造粒して製造される。
鉄鋼スラグとしては、特に制限はなく、例えば、銑鉄製造過程で生成される高炉徐冷スラグ，高炉水砕スラグ等の高炉スラグ、鋼の製造過程で生成される転炉スラグ等の製鋼スラグ等を用いることができる。なかでも、製鋼スラグを造粒したものが好ましい。高炉スラグと比べてＦｅ成分を多く含有しているので施肥効果が高く、また本発明は、アミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤からなる崩壊分散剤を含有しているため優れた崩壊性を実現できるからである。
Here, the steel slag granular fertilizer is manufactured by granulating steel slag with a binder.
The steel slag is not particularly limited. For example, blast furnace slag produced in the pig iron production process, blast furnace slag such as granulated blast furnace slag, steelmaking slag such as converter slag produced in the steel production process, etc. Can be used. Especially, what granulated the steelmaking slag is preferable. Compared to blast furnace slag, it contains a large amount of Fe component, so the effect of fertilization is high, and since the present invention contains a disintegrating dispersant composed of an amino acid anionic surfactant, it can realize excellent disintegration properties. It is.
バインダーとしては、特に制限はなく、例えば、廃糖蜜、リグニンスルホン酸塩、水溶性セルロース、ポリエチレングリコール等の水溶性高分子等を用いることができる。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a binder, For example, waste molasses, lignin sulfonate, water-soluble cellulose, water-soluble polymers, such as polyethylene glycol, etc. can be used.
アミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤からなる崩壊分散剤としては、分子中にアミド結合とスルホン基とを有するＮ−アシルメチルタウリン塩、高級脂肪酸とＮ−メチルグリシン，Ｎ−メチル−β−アラニン，Ｌ−グルタミン酸等のアミノ酸との縮合物であるＮ−アシルアミノ酸及びその塩等が挙げられる。 Disintegrating dispersants comprising amino acid-based anionic surfactants include N-acylmethyl taurine salts having an amide bond and a sulfone group in the molecule, higher fatty acids and N-methylglycine, N-methyl-β-alanine, L -N-acylamino acid which is a condensate with amino acids, such as glutamic acid, its salt, etc. are mentioned.
Ｎ−アシルメチルタウリン塩としては、ヤシ油脂肪酸メチルタウリンナトリウム，ラウロイルメチルタウリンナトリウム，ミリストイルメチルタウリンナトリウム，パルミトイルメチルタウリンナトリウム，ステアロイルメチルタウリンナトリウム等が挙げられる。
Ｎ−アシルアミノ酸及びその塩としては、Ｎ−アシル−メチルグリシン，Ｎ−アシル−メチルグリシンナトリウム，Ｎ−アシル−メチルグリシンカリウム等のＮ−アシルグリシン及びその塩；Ｎ−アシル−Ｎ−メチル−β−アラニン，Ｎ−ラウロイル−Ｎ−メチル−β−アラニンナトリウム等のＮ−アシルβ−アラニン及びその塩；Ｎ−ステアロイル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸ナトリウム，Ｎ−ステアロイル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸二ナトリウム，Ｎ−アシル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸トリエタノールアミン，Ｎ−アシル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸ナトリウム，Ｎ−ラウロイル−グルタミン酸トリエタノールアミン，Ｎ−ヤシ油脂肪酸アシル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸ナトリウム，Ｎ−ラウロイル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸ナトリウム，Ｎ−ミリストイル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸ナトリウム，Ｎ−ミリストイル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸カリウム，Ｎ−ヤシ油アルキル−グルタミン酸トリエタノールアミン等のＮ−アシルグルタミン酸及びその塩；Ｎ−ラウロイル−サルコシントリエタノールアミン等のＮ−アシル−サルコシン及びその塩等が挙げられる。
これらの崩壊分散剤は、１種又は複数種を含有させることができる。
また、アミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤からなる崩壊分散剤に加えて、高級脂肪酸，アルキルエーテルカルボン酸，アルキル又はアルケニルコハク酸等のカルボキシル基をもつ界面活性剤；アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸，α−オレフィンスルホン酸，アルカンスルホン酸，スルホコハク酸モノ又はジアルキルエステル，ナフタリンスルホン酸，石油スルホン酸等のスルホン酸基をもつ界面活性剤；アルキル硫酸エステル等の硫酸エステル；高級アルコールのリン酸モノ又はジエステル等のリン酸エステル等の粒状肥料の崩壊を促進する他の崩壊促進剤と混合して用いることもできる。
Examples of N-acylmethyl taurine salts include coconut oil fatty acid methyl taurine sodium, lauroyl methyl taurine sodium, myristoyl methyl taurine sodium, palmitoyl methyl taurine sodium, stearoyl methyl taurine sodium and the like.
Examples of N-acylamino acids and salts thereof include N-acylglycine, such as N-acyl-methylglycine, N-acyl-methylglycine sodium, N-acyl-methylglycine potassium, and salts thereof; N-acyl-N-methyl- N-acyl β-alanine and its salts such as β-alanine, N-lauroyl-N-methyl-β-alanine sodium; N-stearoyl-L-glutamate sodium, N-stearoyl-L-glutamate disodium, N-acyl -L-glutamate triethanolamine, N-acyl-L-sodium glutamate, N-lauroyl-glutamate triethanolamine, N-coconut oil fatty acid acyl-L-glutamate sodium, N-lauroyl-L-glutamate sodium, N-myristoyl -L-glutamate sodium N-acyl glutamic acid and its salts such as N, N-myristoyl-L-glutamic acid potassium, N-coconut oil alkyl-glutamic acid triethanolamine; N-acyl-sarcosine and its salts such as N-lauroyl-sarcosine triethanolamine Is mentioned.
These disintegrating dispersants can contain one kind or plural kinds.
In addition to disintegrating dispersants composed of amino acid anionic surfactants, surfactants having a carboxyl group such as higher fatty acids, alkyl ether carboxylic acids, alkyls or alkenyl succinic acids; alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, α-olefin sulfonic acids , Alkanesulfonic acid, sulfosuccinic acid mono- or dialkyl ester, surfactant having sulfonic acid group such as naphthalene sulfonic acid, petroleum sulfonic acid, etc .; sulfuric acid ester such as alkyl sulfuric acid ester; phosphoric acid such as phosphoric acid mono- or diester of higher alcohol It can also be used by mixing with other disintegration accelerators that promote disintegration of granular fertilizers such as esters.
鉄鋼スラグに対する崩壊分散剤の含有量は、０．００１〜１０ｗｔ％好ましくは０．０１〜５ｗｔ％が好適である。
崩壊分散剤の含有量が０．０１ｗｔ％より少なくなるにつれ崩壊性が低下する傾向がみられ、５ｗｔ％より多くなるにつれ崩壊分散剤の添加量に比例した崩壊性の向上効果が期待できず、崩壊分散剤の添加量の増加によって製造コストが増加する傾向がみられる。特に、０．００１ｗｔ％より少なくなるか１０ｗｔ％より多くなると、これらの傾向が著しくなるため、いずれも好ましくない。
The content of the disintegrating dispersant with respect to the steel slag is preferably 0.001 to 10 wt%, and more preferably 0.01 to 5 wt%.
As the content of the disintegrating dispersant is less than 0.01 wt%, the disintegration tends to decrease, and as the content exceeds 5 wt%, the disintegrating improvement effect proportional to the amount of disintegrating dispersant added cannot be expected. There is a tendency that the production cost increases due to an increase in the amount of disintegrating dispersant added. In particular, when the amount is less than 0.001 wt% or more than 10 wt%, these tendencies become remarkable, and therefore, both are not preferable.
バインダーの含有量は、バインダーの含有固形物量が鉄鋼スラグ１００重量部に対し５〜１０重量部が好適である。
バインダーの含有固形物量が鉄鋼スラグ１００重量部に対し５重量部より少なくなるにつれ、造粒された粒状肥料の機械的強度が小さく粉状化し易くなる傾向がみられ、１０重量部より多くなるにつれ造粒された粒状肥料の乾燥時間が長くなり生産性が低下するとともに、バインダーの添加量の増加によって製造コストが増加する傾向がみられるため、いずれも好ましくない。
The content of the binder is preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the steel slag.
As the solid content of the binder is less than 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of steel slag, the mechanical strength of the granulated fertilizer tends to become small and easily pulverized, and as it exceeds 10 parts by weight. Since the drying time of the granulated granular fertilizer becomes long and productivity decreases, and the manufacturing cost tends to increase due to an increase in the amount of binder added, neither is preferable.
鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料の製造方法としては、高炉スラグ、転炉スラグ等の鉄鋼スラグに、リグニンスルホン酸等のバインダーを噴霧又は混合するとともに、崩壊分散剤の水溶液又は水分散液を添加し、公知の造粒機を用いて、平均粒径０．１〜２０ｍｍ好ましくは１〜１０ｍｍに造粒する。また、水にバインダー及び崩壊分散剤を溶解又は分散させた水溶液又は水分散液を噴霧又は混合して、造粒することもできる。造粒した後、乾燥して鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得ることができる。 As a method for producing steel slag granular fertilizer, a steel slag such as blast furnace slag and converter slag is sprayed or mixed with a binder such as lignin sulfonic acid, and an aqueous solution or dispersion of a disintegrating dispersant is added. Using a granulator, granulate to an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 mm, preferably 1 to 10 mm. Moreover, it can also granulate by spraying or mixing the aqueous solution or water dispersion which melt | dissolved or disperse | distributed the binder and the disintegrating dispersing agent in water. After granulation, it can be dried to obtain steel slag granular fertilizer.
本発明の請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料であって、前記崩壊分散剤が、Ｎ−アシルメチルタウリン塩の内の少なくとも１種である構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１で得られる作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）崩壊分散剤がＮ−アシルメチルタウリン塩の内の少なくとも１種なので、安全性が高く水に対する溶解性に優れているとともに、耐硬水性、耐酸性、耐アルカリ性にも優れているため、高塩基性の鉄鋼スラグであっても溶解性が低下することがなく、水中で容易に溶解して、鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を迅速に崩壊して分散させることができる。
Invention of Claim 2 of this invention is the steel slag granular fertilizer of Claim 1, Comprising: The said disintegrating dispersing agent has a structure which is at least 1 sort (s) in N-acylmethyl taurine salt. ing.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the first aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the disintegrating dispersant is at least one of N-acylmethyltaurine salts, it is highly safe and has excellent solubility in water, and also has excellent water resistance, acid resistance, and alkali resistance. Even if it is a highly basic steel slag, solubility does not fall, it melt | dissolves easily in water, and a steel slag granular fertilizer can disintegrate rapidly and can be disperse | distributed.
ここで、Ｎ−アシルメチルタウリン塩は、請求項１で説明しているので、ここでは説明を省略する。 Here, since the N-acylmethyl taurine salt is explained in claim 1, the explanation is omitted here.
本発明の請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料であって、前記崩壊分散剤が、ヤシ油脂肪酸に由来している構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１又は２で得られる作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）崩壊分散剤がヤシ油脂肪酸に由来しているので、施肥された土壌中で分解され植物や土壌に対する安全性に優れる。
Invention of Claim 3 of this invention is the steel slag granular fertilizer of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: The said disintegrating dispersing agent has the structure derived from the coconut oil fatty acid.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation obtained in the first or second aspect, the following operation can be obtained.
(1) Since the disintegrating dispersant is derived from coconut oil fatty acid, it is decomposed in fertilized soil and is excellent in safety to plants and soil.
ここで、ヤシ油脂肪酸に由来した崩壊分散剤としては、ヤシ油脂肪酸メチルタウリンナトリウム，Ｎ−ヤシ油脂肪酸アシル−Ｌ−グルタミン酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。 Here, examples of the disintegrating dispersant derived from coconut oil fatty acid include coconut oil fatty acid methyl taurine sodium, N-coconut oil fatty acid acyl-L-glutamate sodium, and the like.
本発明の請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１に記載の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料であって、目開き１ｍｍの篩を７０〜１００ｗｔ％通過し、目開き７５μｍの篩を１５〜４０ｗｔ％通過するような粒度分布の鉄鋼スラグが造粒された構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１で得られる作用に加え、以下のような作用が得られる。
（１）鉄鋼スラグが、目開き１ｍｍの篩を７０〜１００ｗｔ％通過し、目開き７５μｍの篩を１５〜４０ｗｔ％通過するような粒度分布なので、造粒の核となる粒子が多く存在し造粒性に優れるとともに、少ない量のバインダーで造粒することができる。
Invention of Claim 4 of this invention is the steel slag granular fertilizer of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3, Comprising: 70-100 wt% of 1-mesh sieves are passed, and 75-micrometer opening is carried out. It has a structure in which steel slag having a particle size distribution that passes through a sieve by 15 to 40 wt% is granulated.
According to this configuration, in addition to the action obtained in any one of claims 1 to 3, the following action is obtained.
(1) The particle size distribution is such that steel slag passes through 70-100 wt% of a sieve with 1 mm openings and 15-40 wt% through a sieve with 75 μm openings, so there are many particles that are the core of granulation. It is excellent in graininess and can be granulated with a small amount of binder.
ここで、目開き１ｍｍの篩を通過する鉄鋼スラグの量が７０ｗｔ％未満になると、粗い粒子が増えるため造粒性が悪化する傾向がみられ好ましくない。また、目開き７５μｍの篩を通過する鉄鋼スラグの量が１５ｗｔ％より少なくなると、粗い粒子が増えるため造粒性が悪化する傾向がみられ、４０ｗｔ％より多くなると粒子が微細化し造粒の核となる粒子が少なくなるので造粒性が悪化し、また造粒に必要なバインダーの量が増えバインダーのコストが増大する傾向がみられるため好ましくない。 Here, when the amount of the steel slag passing through the sieve having an opening of 1 mm is less than 70 wt%, coarse particles increase and the tendency of the granulation property to deteriorate is not preferable. Moreover, when the amount of steel slag passing through a sieve having a mesh opening of 75 μm is less than 15 wt%, coarse particles tend to increase and thus the granulation property tends to deteriorate. When the amount exceeds 40 wt%, the particles become finer and the core of granulation Since the number of particles to be reduced is reduced, the granulation property is deteriorated, and the amount of the binder necessary for granulation tends to increase and the cost of the binder tends to increase.
以上のように、本発明の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料によれば、以下のような有利な効果が得られる。
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、
（１）安全性が高く水に対する溶解性に優れており、水中で容易に溶解して迅速に崩壊して分散される崩壊性に優れた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することができる。
（２）植物の生育に必要な窒素成分を有するアミノ酸系陰イオン界面活性剤を含有しているので、施肥効果の高い鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することができる。
As described above, according to the steel slag granular fertilizer of the present invention, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 1,
(1) A steel slag granular fertilizer having excellent safety and high solubility in water, having excellent disintegration properties that can be easily dissolved in water, rapidly disintegrated and dispersed.
(2) Since the amino acid type anionic surfactant which has a nitrogen component required for plant growth is contained, the steel slag granular fertilizer with a high fertilization effect can be provided.
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１の効果に加え、
（１）安全性が高く水に対する溶解性に優れているとともに、耐硬水性、耐酸性、耐アルカリ性にも優れているため、高塩基性の鉄鋼スラグであっても溶解性が低下することがなく、水中で容易に溶解して迅速に崩壊して分散される崩壊性に優れた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することができる。
According to invention of Claim 2, in addition to the effect of Claim 1,
(1) It has high safety and excellent solubility in water, and also has excellent hard water resistance, acid resistance, and alkali resistance, so that even a highly basic steel slag may have low solubility. In addition, it is possible to provide a steel slag granular fertilizer that is easily dissolved in water, rapidly disintegrated and dispersed, and has excellent disintegrability.
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１又は２の効果に加え、
（１）施肥された土壌中で分解され植物や土壌に対する安全性に優れた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することができる。
According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the effect of Claim 1 or 2,
(1) It is possible to provide a steel slag granular fertilizer that is decomposed in fertilized soil and has excellent safety for plants and soil.
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至３の内いずれか１の効果に加え、
（１）造粒の核となる粒子が多く存在し造粒性に優れるとともに、少ない量のバインダーで造粒することができるので、造粒された粒状肥料の乾燥時間を短くすることができ生産性が向上するとともに、バインダーの添加量を削減できる鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することができる。
According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3,
(1) Since there are many particles that are the core of granulation and it has excellent granulation properties, it can be granulated with a small amount of binder, so that the drying time of granulated granular fertilizer can be shortened and produced. The steel slag granular fertilizer which can reduce the addition amount of a binder while improving property can be provided.
以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。なお、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
（実施例１）
鉄鋼スラグとしての製鋼スラグの１種である転炉スラグに、リグニンスルホン酸塩のバインダー（日本製紙ケミカル製）を混合し、ヤシ油脂肪酸メチルタウリンナトリウムを有効成分とする崩壊分散剤の水溶液を添加し造粒して（平均粒径２ｍｍ）、実施例１の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得た。
なお、転炉スラグ（製鋼スラグ）は、目開き１ｍｍの篩を９７ｗｔ％通過し、目開き７５μｍの篩を２７ｗｔ％通過する粒度分布のものを用いた。また、バインダーの含有固形物量は製鋼スラグ１００重量部に対し８．５重量部、崩壊分散剤の含有量は製鋼スラグに対して０．５ｗｔ％になるようにした。
（実施例２）
転炉スラグ（製鋼スラグ）として、目開き１ｍｍの篩を８５ｗｔ％通過し、目開き７５μｍの篩を２１ｗｔ％通過する粒度分布のものを用いた以外は実施例１と同様にして、実施例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得た。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
A converter slag, a type of steelmaking slag as steel slag, is mixed with a binder of lignin sulfonate (manufactured by Nippon Paper Chemicals) and added with an aqueous solution of a disintegrating dispersant containing coconut oil fatty acid methyl taurine sodium as an active ingredient. The steel slag granular fertilizer of Example 1 was obtained by granulating (average particle size 2 mm).
The converter slag (steel slag) used had a particle size distribution that passed 97 wt% through a 1 mm sieve and 27 wt% through a 75 μm sieve. Further, the solid content of the binder was 8.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the steelmaking slag, and the content of the disintegrating dispersant was 0.5 wt% with respect to the steelmaking slag.
(Example 2)
Example 2 is the same as Example 1 except that the converter slag (steel slag) has a particle size distribution that passes 85 wt% of a sieve having an opening of 1 mm and 21 wt% of a sieve having an opening of 75 μm. The steel slag granular fertilizer was obtained.
（比較例１）
ポリオキシアルキレン多環フェニルエーテル・サルフェート・アンモニウム塩を有効成分とする崩壊分散剤を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例１の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得た。
（比較例２）
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸ナトリウムを有効成分とする崩壊分散剤を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得た。
（比較例３）
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸を有効成分とする崩壊分散剤を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例３の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得た。
（比較例４）
パラフィンスルホン酸ナトリウムを有効成分とする崩壊分散剤を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にして、比較例４の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を得た。
(Comparative Example 1)
The iron and steel slag granular fertilizer of the comparative example 1 was obtained like Example 1 except having used the disintegrating dispersing agent which uses polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether, sulfate, and an ammonium salt as an active ingredient.
(Comparative Example 2)
The iron and steel slag granular fertilizer of the comparative example 2 was obtained like Example 1 except having used the disintegration dispersing agent which uses sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate as an active ingredient.
(Comparative Example 3)
The iron and steel slag granular fertilizer of the comparative example 3 was obtained like Example 1 except having used the disintegrating dispersing agent which uses polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphoric acid as an active ingredient.
(Comparative Example 4)
The iron and steel slag granular fertilizer of the comparative example 4 was obtained like Example 1 except having used the disintegration dispersing agent which uses sodium paraffinsulfonate as an active ingredient.
（崩壊性の評価）
独立行政法人肥飼料検査所の「造粒した肥料の崩壊性試験方法」に基づいて実施例１〜２、比較例１〜４の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料の崩壊性を評価した。鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は、以下に説明する水中崩壊性試験、土壌中崩壊性試験の両方について判定基準を満足したときに崩壊性があると評価される。また、水中崩壊性試験は判定基準を満足したが土壌中崩壊性試験は判定基準を満足しないときでも、土壌処理を行った試料の硬度が判定基準を満足したときは崩壊性があると評価される。
以下、各々の試験方法、判定基準、結果及び評価について説明する。
(Evaluation of disintegration)
The disintegration properties of the steel slag granular fertilizers of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were evaluated based on “Disintegration test method for granulated fertilizer” by an independent administrative corporation, Fertilizer and Feed Laboratory. Steel slag granular fertilizer is evaluated as having disintegration when it satisfies the criteria for both the underwater disintegration test and the soil disintegration test described below. In addition, the water disintegration test satisfied the criteria, but the soil disintegration test was evaluated as disintegrating when the hardness of the sample subjected to soil treatment satisfied the criteria even when the soil disintegration test did not meet the criteria. The
Hereinafter, each test method, determination criteria, results, and evaluation will be described.
（水中崩壊性試験）
実施例１〜２、比較例１〜４の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を目開き２ｍｍの篩で篩い分け、篩上に残ったものを試料として、以下の試験方法で水中崩壊性試験を行った。
試料５０粒を篩上に並べて篩よりも大きな容器中に置き、試料が十分水に浸かるまで静かに容器に水（室温）を注いだ。２４時間静置後、篩を水中から静かに取り出して篩の上に残存する未崩壊粒を数え、その残存割合（百分率）を求めた。崩壊性があると評価される判定基準は、残存割合が２０％以下の場合である。
残存割合は、実施例１及び実施例２では０％、比較例１では８０％、比較例２では６０％、比較例３では６０％、比較例４では７５％であった。
以上の結果から、実施例１及び実施例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は水中崩壊性試験の判定基準を満足した。
(Underwater disintegration test)
The steel slag granular fertilizers of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were sieved with a sieve having an opening of 2 mm, and what remained on the sieve was used as a sample to conduct an underwater disintegration test by the following test method.
50 samples were placed on a sieve and placed in a container larger than the sieve, and water (room temperature) was gently poured into the container until the sample was sufficiently immersed in water. After leaving still for 24 hours, the sieve was gently taken out from the water, the undisintegrated grains remaining on the sieve were counted, and the residual ratio (percentage) was determined. The criterion for evaluating disintegration is when the residual ratio is 20% or less.
The residual ratio was 0% in Example 1 and Example 2, 80% in Comparative Example 1, 60% in Comparative Example 2, 60% in Comparative Example 3, and 75% in Comparative Example 4.
From the above results, the steel slag granular fertilizers of Example 1 and Example 2 satisfied the criteria for the underwater disintegration test.
（土壌中崩壊性試験）
水中崩壊性があると評価された実施例１及び実施例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料について、以下の試験方法で土壌中崩壊性試験を行った。試料は、実施例１、実施例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を目開き２ｍｍの篩で篩い分け、篩上に残ったものを用いた。
試料５０粒を１００ｍＬビーカーに採り、乾土（粒径１ｍｍ未満）５０ｇを加えて混合し、使用土壌の最大容水量の６０％になるように水を加えた後、土壌の上面をラップフィルムで覆って１週間放置した（以下、この操作を土壌処理という）。
次に、土壌処理を行った試料及び土壌の全量を目開き２ｍｍの篩の上に均一にあけ、篩よりも大きな容器中で静かに水（室温）を注いだ。２４時間静置後、篩を静かに取り出して篩の上に残存する未崩壊粒を数え、その残存割合（百分率）を求めた。崩壊性があると評価される判定基準は、残存割合が２０％以下の場合である。
残存割合は、実施例１及び実施例２とも９６％であった。
以上の結果から、実施例１及び実施例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は土壌中崩壊性試験の判定基準を満足しなかった。
(Soil disintegration test)
About the steel slag granular fertilizer of Example 1 and Example 2 evaluated that there exists disintegration in water, the disintegration test in soil was done with the following test methods. As the sample, the steel slag granular fertilizer of Example 1 and Example 2 was sieved with a sieve having an opening of 2 mm, and the sample remaining on the sieve was used.
Take 50 samples in a 100 mL beaker, add 50 g of dry soil (particle size less than 1 mm), mix, add water to 60% of the maximum water capacity of the used soil, and then cover the top surface of the soil with a wrap film. Covered and left for one week (hereinafter, this operation is referred to as soil treatment).
Next, the soil-treated sample and the total amount of soil were evenly opened on a sieve having an opening of 2 mm, and water (room temperature) was gently poured into a container larger than the sieve. After leaving still for 24 hours, the sieve was gently taken out, the undisintegrated grains remaining on the sieve were counted, and the remaining ratio (percentage) was determined. The criterion for evaluating disintegration is when the residual ratio is 20% or less.
The residual ratio was 96% in both Example 1 and Example 2.
From the above results, the steel slag granular fertilizers of Example 1 and Example 2 did not satisfy the criteria for the soil disintegration test.
（土壌処理を行った試料の硬度測定）
土壌処理を行った試料を２０粒取り出し、平滑なガラス板の上に試料を置き、上から外径０．８ｍｍのガラス棒で試料を圧縮して、崩壊させたときの力の大きさ（硬度）を測定した。崩壊性があると評価される判定基準は、２０粒の平均の硬度が１００ｇｆ以下の場合である。
平均の硬度は、実施例１では２３．８ｇｆ、実施例２では２８．７ｇｆであった。
以上の結果から、実施例１及び実施例２の鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料は、水中崩壊性試験の判定基準、土壌処理を行った試料の硬度の判定基準の両方を満足した。
なお、鉄鋼スラグとして高炉徐冷スラグ，高炉水砕スラグを用いて造粒した鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料についても同様に崩壊性の評価を行ったところ、製鋼スラグを用いた実施例１や実施例２の場合と同様に、良好な崩壊性を示した。
以上のように本実施例によれば、崩壊性に優れた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料が得られることが明らかになった。
(Measurement of hardness of soil-treated samples)
Take 20 samples of the soil-treated sample, place the sample on a smooth glass plate, compress the sample with a glass rod with an outer diameter of 0.8 mm from the top, and the magnitude of the force (hardness) ) Was measured. The criterion for evaluating disintegration is when the average hardness of 20 grains is 100 gf or less.
The average hardness was 23.8 gf in Example 1 and 28.7 gf in Example 2.
From the above results, the steel slag granular fertilizers of Example 1 and Example 2 satisfied both the judgment standard of the underwater disintegration test and the judgment standard of the hardness of the sample subjected to the soil treatment.
In addition, when steel slag granular fertilizer granulated using blast furnace slow-cooled slag and blast furnace granulated slag as steel slag was also evaluated for disintegration, the results of Example 1 and Example 2 using steel slag were obtained. As in the case, good disintegration was exhibited.
As mentioned above, according to the present Example, it became clear that the steel slag granular fertilizer excellent in the collapse property can be obtained.
本発明は、鉄鋼スラグを造粒した鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料に関し、安全性が高く水に対する溶解性に優れており、崩壊性、特に水中で容易に溶解して迅速に崩壊して分散される水中崩壊性に優れるとともに、施肥効果にも優れた鉄鋼スラグ粒状肥料を提供することができる。 The present invention relates to a granular fertilizer for steel slag granulated from steel slag, which is highly safe and excellent in solubility in water, and disintegrating, particularly in water disintegration that is easily dissolved in water and rapidly disintegrated and dispersed. It is possible to provide an iron and steel slag granular fertilizer that is excellent in properties and excellent in fertilization effect.
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