JP4329107B1 - Anhydrous manure processing method and anhydrous manure processing system. - Google Patents

Anhydrous manure processing method and anhydrous manure processing system. Download PDF

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JP4329107B1
JP4329107B1 JP2008159747A JP2008159747A JP4329107B1 JP 4329107 B1 JP4329107 B1 JP 4329107B1 JP 2008159747 A JP2008159747 A JP 2008159747A JP 2008159747 A JP2008159747 A JP 2008159747A JP 4329107 B1 JP4329107 B1 JP 4329107B1
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urine
container
manure
anhydrous
tank
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忠博 鈴木
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堀岡 佑吉
忠博 鈴木
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】 屎尿を分離し、便槽と尿槽に溜める移動式貯蔵用コンテナ構造のトイレ設備を提供する。
【解決手段】 屎尿を分離し、分離した屎尿をそれぞれ溜める貯蔵用コンテナを具備し、回収するとともに、太陽熱を利用し、集熱板の昇温で乾燥し、肥料及び土壌改良剤として利用する方法とシステムと提供する。
【選択図】図２PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide toilet equipment having a mobile storage container structure for separating manure and collecting it in a toilet tank and a urine tank.
SOLUTION: A method for separating manure, comprising a storage container for storing the separated manure, collecting and using solar heat, drying at elevated temperature of a heat collecting plate, and using as a fertilizer and soil conditioner And provide with system.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

本発明は、屎尿を回収し、肥料や土壌改良に利用する無水屎尿処理方法と無水屎尿処理システムに関する。  The present invention relates to an anhydrous manure treatment method and an anhydrous manure treatment system that collect manure and use it for fertilizer and soil improvement.

従来、屎尿分離便器や、屎尿処理システムは、水道、電気、下水などを備えた環境で設置するのもが一般的であった。  Conventionally, the urine separation toilet and the urine treatment system are generally installed in an environment equipped with water, electricity, sewage and the like.

例えば、特許文献１には、
屎尿や生活雑排水の処理が可能な排水処理システムとトイレ装置によって、尿と屎とを分離し、微生物によって硝化、ＢＯＤ源を含有する排水を微生物により脱窒する脱窒部を備える排水処理システムが記載されている。For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that
Wastewater treatment system equipped with a denitrification unit that separates urine and wastewater by a wastewater treatment system and toilet equipment that can treat manure and household wastewater, and nitrifies by microorganisms and denitrifies wastewater containing BOD sources by microorganisms Is described.

また、特許文献２では、
悪臭を抑制し、また節水できる屎尿分離便器と、屎尿の利用と、施工コスト低減を図る共同トイレ・設備が記載されている。
そのトイレ設備である屎尿分離便器は、屎と尿を別々に受け、屎尿を分離収集する鉢部を有し、微生物の作用を利用し、複数個の屎尿分離・便器・が上下方向に整列配置され、屎を下方に屎用通路で導き、また、尿用鉢部で受けた尿を下方に導く尿用通路を備えた共同トイレ・設備が記載されている。In Patent Document 2,
It describes a urine separation toilet that can suppress bad odors and save water, and the use of urine and common toilets and facilities that reduce construction costs.
The toilet equipment, which is a toilet facility, has a bowl that separates and collects urine separately from urine and uses the action of microorganisms, and multiple urine separation / toilet bowls are arranged vertically. There is also described a common toilet / equipment having a urine passage that guides the urn downward through the urine passage and also guides urine received in the urine bowl part downward.

また、特許文献３は、
網状部材を用い、屎と尿とを分離し、便受けの目詰りを防止するための目詰りを防止する針状突起を備え、掃除機構を設けた屎尿分離便器装置が記載されている。Patent Document 3
There is described a manure separation toilet device provided with a cleaning mechanism provided with a needle-like projection for separating clogs and urine using a net-like member and preventing clogging of the stool receptacle to prevent clogging.

また、特許文献４には
屎尿の分離効率よく分離し、屎と尿とをそれぞれ屎槽或いは尿槽へ導く屎尿分離便器装置が記載されている。あた、網状部材屎を便受け、尿を便受けの孔を通じて尿槽に落下させ、且つ便受け上に残った屎を便受けの回動運動により送出する屎尿分離便器装置が記載されている。
また、特許文献５には、
ローラコンベヤを用い、屎と尿を効率高く簡単に分離することのできる屎尿分離便器装置が記載されている。また、特許文献６には・尿から有価物として、マグネシウム、りん、アンモニアガスを連続的に回収する方法と装置が記載されている。
特開２００７−１９６０８１ 公開公報 特開２００７−１１１１４６ 公開公報 特開２００５−３０４９７０ 公開公報 特開２００５−３０４９６９ 公開公報 特開２００５−１４３７１８ 公開公報 特許４０２５２４４ 特許公告 しかしながら、これらの発明は、水洗トイレのように上下水を前提としており、また、ベルト状の網や、ローラなどの駆動機構を有するために、その駆動力を電気によるとすると、電気、水道、下水などインフラ施設を必要とするなどの課題があった。また、下水に流す場合、汚水処理施設を必要とし、また、その上澄みを河川に流した場合でも環境負荷はさけられない問題がある。In addition, Patent Document 4 describes a urine separation toilet device that separates manure and urine efficiently and guides the manure and urine to the cistern or urine tank, respectively. A urine separation toilet device is described in which a reticular member stool is received, urine is dropped into a urine tank through a hole in the stool receiver, and the urine remaining on the stool receiver is sent out by a rotational movement of the stool receiver. .
Patent Document 5 discloses that
A manure separation toilet device capable of easily and efficiently separating manure and urine using a roller conveyor is described. Patent Document 6 describes a method and apparatus for continuously recovering magnesium, phosphorus, and ammonia gas as valuables from urine.
JP 2007-196081 A JP 2007-111146 A JP 2005-304970 A JP 2005-304969 A JP 2005-143718 A Patent 4025244 Announcement of patent However, these inventions are premised on water and sewage like a flush toilet, and have a belt-like net or a driving mechanism such as a roller. There were problems such as requiring infrastructure facilities such as sewage. Moreover, when flowing into sewage, a sewage treatment facility is required, and there is a problem that the environmental load cannot be avoided even when the supernatant is discharged into a river.

本発明は、電気、水道、下水の使用を前提とせず屎尿分離構造を有するトイレ構造であり、また、衛生的、屎尿の資源化、トイレ設備の低コスト化、設置の簡便さを実現することを目的とする。  The present invention is a toilet structure that does not assume the use of electricity, water, or sewage and has a urine separation structure, and also realizes hygiene, reduction of urine resources, cost reduction of toilet facilities, and ease of installation. With the goal.

請求項１には、
屎尿を分離するトイレシステムにおいて、水を使用せず、屎尿分離構造を有するトイレであって、当該分離した屎と尿を貯蔵した貯蔵用コンテナを交換し、移動し、屎尿をそれぞれ分離収集し、太陽光の熱によって屎尿をそれぞれ乾燥し、粉体化し、利用することを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法が記載されている。In claim 1,
In the toilet system that separates manure, it is a toilet that does not use water and has a manure separation structure, and the storage container storing the separated manure and urine is exchanged, moved, and manure is separated and collected, An anhydrous manure treatment method is described in which manure is each dried, pulverized and used by the heat of sunlight.

又、請求項２には、請求項１において、
屎尿分離便器は、一対の屎尿を貯蔵した貯蔵用コンテナとして使用し、一方の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナが規定レベルに溜まったら貯蔵用コンテナを接続部から切り離し、移動し、空の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナをそれぞれ交換接続し、使用し、規定レベルに溜まった前記屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナの屎尿を太陽熱によりその容器内でそのまま、または蒸発器内で乾燥させることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法が記載されている。 Further, in claim 2, in claim 1,
The urine separation toilet is used as a storage container that stores a pair of urine, and when one of the tank storage container or the urine storage container accumulates at a specified level, the storage container is disconnected from the connecting portion, moved, and empty. The container for urinal tank storage or the container for urine tank storage is exchanged and used respectively, and the urine of the container for urinal tank storage or the container for urine tank accumulated at a specified level is directly left in the container by solar heat, or An anhydrous manure treatment method characterized by drying in an evaporator is described.

更に、請求項３には、
請求項１又は２において、得られた粉体の屎尿または、十分に乾燥していない粉体を中間生成物として、太陽光から集熱する集熱板を用いた乾燥プロセス工程に移送し、完全な粉体として農業用肥料や土壌改良材として使用することを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法が記載されている。
本発明によれば、下水処理の必要がなく、かつ、太陽熱を利用した高温殺菌と扱い安い粉末化により、衛生的でかつ農業用の肥料として、また、土壌改良剤として農地の地力回復に効果上げることができる Furthermore, in claim 3,
In claim 1 or 2, the obtained powdered urine or powder that has not been sufficiently dried is transferred as an intermediate product to a drying process step using a heat collecting plate that collects heat from sunlight. An anhydrous manure treatment method characterized in that it is used as an agricultural fertilizer or a soil conditioner as a simple powder is described.
According to the present invention, there is no need for sewage treatment, and high-temperature sterilization using solar heat and low-powder powdering are effective as a sanitary and agricultural fertilizer, and as a soil conditioner, effective in restoring the geological power of farmland. Can raise

そして、請求項４には、
請求項１又は２において、屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナを交換し、乾燥プロセス工程に移送し、乾燥プロセス工程にて屎と尿タンクの尿を乾燥させることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法が記載されている。
すなわち、屎タンクまたは尿タンクを集荷し、専門プラントすることにより、より良い農業用の肥料や、土壌改良剤が得られること、また、管理し易い利点がある。 And in claim 4,
According to claim 1 or 2, anhydrous exchange屎槽storage container or urine tank storage containers, and transported to a drying process step, characterized in that drying the urine屎and urine tank in the drying process step raw sewage A processing method is described.
That is, by collecting a dredging tank or a urine tank and making a specialized plant, there are advantages that a better fertilizer for agriculture and a soil conditioner can be obtained, and that it is easy to manage.

又、請求項５には、
請求項１から４のいずれか１項において、
屎尿の乾燥前に、酸を滴下し、アンモニアと反応させ、臭気を抑えることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法が記載されている。 Further, in claim 5,
In any one of claims 1 to 4,
An anhydrous manure treatment method is described in which an acid is added dropwise and reacted with ammonia to reduce odor before the manure is dried.

更に、請求項６には、
請求項１から５のいずれか１項において、乾燥工程の排気口に酸系のフィルタを通して排気を行い、臭気を抑えることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法が記載されている。 Furthermore, in claim 6,
In any one of Claims 1-5 , the anhydrous manure processing method characterized by performing exhaust_gas | exhaustion through an acid type filter in the exhaust port of a drying process, and suppressing an odor.

本発明によれば、電気、水道、下水の使用を必要とせずまた、トイレを製作する地域で得られ安い材料で製作することができ、低コストで屎尿分離後の利用システムを、衛生、資源化が容易に実現できることができる。また、電気、水道、下水の使用を必要な無いことから、地方において、電気、水道、下水がない場所においても容易に設置できる利点がある。また、電気、水道、下水に依存しないことから、災害時にも使用上の制約を受けない利点がある。乾燥された大便は土壌改良材とし、尿も太陽熱で乾燥したものを肥料として利用できる。６ケ月程度、太陽熱により高温乾燥させる事によって、病原菌の消毒を行うことができるため、衛生的である。また、下水を使用せず、従って、汚水処理を必要とせず、水質汚染を無くす事が可能となり環境汚染の軽減に寄与出来る。  According to the present invention, it is not necessary to use electricity, water and sewage, and it can be manufactured with cheap materials obtained in the area where toilets are manufactured. Can be easily realized. In addition, since there is no need to use electricity, water and sewage, there is an advantage that it can be easily installed even in places where there is no electricity, water and sewage. In addition, since it does not depend on electricity, water, or sewage, there is an advantage that it is not restricted in use in the event of a disaster. Dried stool can be used as a soil conditioner, and urine can also be used as fertilizer after drying with solar heat. Since it is possible to disinfect pathogenic bacteria by drying at high temperature with solar heat for about 6 months, it is hygienic. In addition, sewage is not used, and therefore, sewage treatment is not required, and water pollution can be eliminated, contributing to the reduction of environmental pollution.

また、乾燥させた屎は有機肥料として疲弊した土壌の改良に利用できる事、尿に含まれる窒素、燐酸、カリュウムは水で薄めて肥料として
の利用可能であり、尿に含まれるウロキナーゼを医薬品としての利用も可能である。また、貯蔵用コンテナの使用により、集荷、移動、乾燥用貯蔵が容易に行える構造となっており、応用し易い利点がある。上記の実施により、高価な公共下水道の敷設や処理場の施設建設費が軽減され、またさらに、回収する屎尿の費用は土壌改良材や肥料の販売益での補填が可能となる。In addition, dried persimmon can be used as an organic fertilizer to improve exhausted soil. Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and calcium contained in urine can be diluted with water and used as fertilizer. Urokinase contained in urine can be used as a pharmaceutical product. Can also be used. In addition, the use of a storage container makes it easy to collect, move and store for drying, and has the advantage of being easy to apply. By implementing the above, it is possible to reduce the cost of constructing expensive public sewers and construction of treatment plants, and further, the cost of collected sewage can be compensated by the profits from sales of soil improvement materials and fertilizers.

以下に本発明を実施するための最良の形態を実施例に基づき説明する。  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below based on examples.

本発明の実施例を図１から図４によって説明する。
図１に本発明の第一の実施例のトイレ平面図を示す。
図において、トイレの踏石８の中心近傍に屎受け穴１を有し、屎は、直接直下に設置した屎用貯蔵用コンテナに落下し溜める。屎、尿はそれぞれ分離できているため、跳ね返りによる汚染は無いが、便器とには臭気防止用のふたを設けている。
衛生的に使用するために用足し後の屎用貯蔵用コンテナには、灰容器１３の中の木灰など植物灰を一握り屎受け穴に撒くことによって、水分の早期除去と虫の発生を防止できる。An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a toilet according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, there is a bowl receiving hole 1 in the vicinity of the center of the stepping stone 8 of the toilet, and the bowl falls and accumulates in a basket storage container installed directly below. Since the urine and urine are separated, there is no contamination due to rebounding, but the toilet bowl is provided with a lid for preventing odor.
In the container for cocoon storage after addition for hygienic use, by removing a handful of plant ash such as wood ash in the ash container 13 in the cocoon receiving hole, it is possible to prevent early removal of moisture and generation of insects. .

床板１２は、寿命の確保のため、耐食性のある素材として、材質を合成樹脂又は、軽量ダイキャスト素材とし、施工の単純化、工期短縮を図れる構造としている。また、床板１２の表面は、汚れにくく、滑りにくい撥水塗装や加工を施し、合成樹脂素材で成型し、使用者の滑り転倒防止をする。
図１の平面図において、トイレ入り口部分は、ドアの取付け位置の例をドア軌跡１１として表している。The floor board 12 is made of a synthetic resin or a light-weight die-cast material as a corrosion-resistant material in order to secure a lifetime, and has a structure that can simplify the construction and shorten the construction period. Further, the surface of the floor board 12 is water-repellent and processed so as not to be dirty and slippery, and is molded from a synthetic resin material to prevent the user from slipping over.
In the plan view of FIG. 1, the toilet entrance portion represents an example of a door installation position as a door locus 11.

図２に本発明の実施例のトイレ側面断面図を示す。
屎尿分離便器２９の屎受け穴１は、下方向に直胴管で接続しており、屎分は、直下の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２に落下する構造である。直胴管部の側面から臭気抜き配管１０によって、臭気が上方に上がってくるのを防止する。一方、尿受３は、尿を導く尿用蛇管４に接続される尿穴に向かって傾斜を持ち、尿用蛇管４を経由し、図２の尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ５に溜める。植物油を使用前に少量流しておくことで、この尿用蛇管４に当該植物油が滞留し、尿が優先して尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ５にながれ、臭気対策ができる。屎尿分離便器２９は、前記屎受け穴１と尿受３で構成しており、屎尿分離を果たしている。FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of a toilet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The urine receiving hole 1 of the urine separation toilet 29 is connected in a downward direction with a straight body tube, and the spillage is structured to fall into the container 2 for storing the cistern tank directly below. Odor is prevented from rising upward by the odor removing pipe 10 from the side surface of the straight body tube portion. On the other hand, the urine receptacle 3 has an inclination toward the urine hole connected to the urine snake tube 4 that guides urine, and accumulates in the urine storage container 5 of FIG. 2 via the urine snake tube 4. By flowing the vegetable oil in a small amount before use, the vegetable oil stays in the urine snake tube 4, and the urine is preferentially flowed to the urine tank storage container 5 to prevent odor. The urine separation toilet 29 is composed of the urine receiving hole 1 and the urine receptacle 3, and performs urine separation.

架台は、鋼製アングル及び軽量形鋼を構造材として使用することによって、強度及び施工工期短縮を図る。また、構造材と基礎の結合はアンカーボルトで締結し、安定を保つ構造としている。さらに、トイレの壁面や屋根部材については、図１、図２の下部と容易に縫いつけが可能な構造としており、設置地域によって入手しやすく、コストの安い材料で製作可能なトイレ構造となっている。屎尿分離後、屎尿をそれぞれ太陽熱で数カ月乾燥させるため、衛生的であり、肥料や土壌改良材として屎尿の資源化ができること、また、汚水の発生もなく、環境負荷が低いシステムとして、さらに低コストトイレ設備であって、設置工事の簡便さも考慮したトイレシステムを実現できる。The gantry uses a steel angle and light-weight shaped steel as a structural material, thereby reducing the strength and construction period. In addition, the structural material and the foundation are fastened with anchor bolts to maintain stability. Furthermore, the toilet walls and roof members can be easily sewn together with the lower part of FIGS. 1 and 2, making the toilet structure easy to obtain depending on the installation area and capable of being manufactured with low-cost materials. . After separation of manure, each manure is dried by solar heat for several months, so it is hygienic, it can be used as a fertilizer and soil improver, and it can be used as a fertilizer and soil improver. It is a toilet facility, and a toilet system that takes into account the ease of installation work can be realized.

また、構造材と床板はボルト締めで容易に結合できるようにしている。
床板は、耐食性のある材質として、合成樹脂又は成型部材を用いる。そして、床板の表層仕上げはスリップ防止及び清潔さを保てる表面処理として、撥水塗装、またはコーティングを行う。同様に、足置き台についても、表層を撥水塗装、またはコーティングを行い、滑り転倒の防止処理を図る。便器と屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５の接続部のシール構造を持ち、接続部を設け、空のコンテナと交換する着脱作業を容易に行える構造としている。また、切り離し後、蓋を施し、移送を容易にできる構造としている。In addition, the structural material and the floor board can be easily coupled by bolting.
The floor board uses a synthetic resin or a molded member as a corrosion-resistant material. And the surface layer finish of a floor board performs water-repellent painting or coating as surface treatment which can keep slip prevention and cleanliness. Similarly, for the footrest, the surface layer is subjected to water-repellent painting or coating to prevent slipping and falling. It has a sealing structure for the connecting part of the toilet bowl, the container 2 for storing the urine, and the container 5 for storing the urine, and is provided with a connecting part so that it can be easily attached and detached to replace the empty container. In addition, after the separation, a lid is provided to facilitate the transfer.

屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５は、太陽熱下で６ヶ月程度の期間、殺菌、熟成を行うため、都度交換し、利用するが、そのため、太陽光による紫外線や熱線による貯蔵用コンテナ寿命が低下することがない容器として、テフロン系塗装を内外に施した圧延鋼板や、同等性能の樹枝容器を用いる。さらに、屎コンテナには臭気抜き用換気筒を設置することもできる。また、屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５は、単純な構造にして、耐久性のあるタンク構造であり、運搬時は、転倒させ、転がし搬送が可能な形状としている。また、屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５内で粉体となった屎尿を屎貯蔵用コンテナ２または尿貯蔵用コンテナ５から取り出しが容易にできる接続開口部がとなっており、乾燥した屎尿の粉体を利用できる。The container 2 for urine storage and the container 5 for urine storage are sterilized and matured for about 6 months under solar heat, so they are exchanged and used each time. As a container that does not decrease, a rolled steel sheet with Teflon-based coating inside and outside, or a dendrite container with equivalent performance is used. In addition, a ventilating cylinder can be installed in the bag container. In addition, the container 2 for storing urine and the container 5 for storing urine have a simple structure and a durable tank structure, and have a shape that can be tumbled and transported during transportation. Moreover, the connection opening part which can take out easily the urine which became powder in the urine storage container 2 and the urine storage container 5 from the urine storage container 2 or the urine storage container 5 has become a dry Manure powder can be used.

図３に本発明の第二の実施例のトイレ平面図を示す。
図において、尻洗水６と、尻洗水６を集水する図３の洗水用蛇管７を介して
洗水槽９に洗水後の水を溜める構造のみが図１または、図２と異なる。尻洗水６を使用する習慣の向きにはこの平面図である図３、側面断面図である図４のトイレユニットを使用する。尻洗い場は床板に一体成型すれば、容易に設置できるが、この部分のみ追加する構造として、第一の実施例を標準とし、尻洗水６部を追加しても良い。FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a toilet according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, only the structure in which the washed water is stored in the washing tank 9 through the bottom washing water 6 and the flushing serpentine 7 in FIG. 3 for collecting the bottom washing water 6 is different from that in FIG. 1 or FIG. . The toilet unit of FIG. 3 which is this plan view and FIG. The bottom washing station can be easily installed if it is integrally formed on the floorboard. However, as a structure in which only this portion is added, the first embodiment may be used as a standard, and 6 parts of bottom washing water may be added.

図４に本発明における第二の実施例トイレ側面断面図を示す。
図３と同様に、尻洗水６と、尻洗水６を集水する図３の洗水用蛇管７を介して
洗水槽９に洗水後の水を溜める構造のみが図２と異なる。FIG. 4 shows a side sectional view of a toilet according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Similar to FIG. 3, the structure differs from FIG. 2 only in that the water after washing is stored in the washing tub 9 via the rinsing water 6 and the rinsing pipe 7 for collecting the rinsing water 6 in FIG. 3.

図５に本発明における屎尿加工プロセスフローチャートを示す。
屎尿加工プロセスでは、主たる加工は、太陽熱による乾燥であるが、尿から医薬品としてウロキナーゼの採集を図る場合があり、成分分離抽出工程を含む。第一に、既定の貯蔵量になった屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５は、空の洗浄済屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５と交換し、屎尿加工プロセスとの距離が遠い場合において、中間集配所に集め、屎尿加工プロセスに移送する（Ｓ−１）。短距離の場合、屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５とも横に転倒させ、転がり回転させながら移送することもできるよう、地面との接触回転を減らす形状になっている。FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the manure processing process in the present invention.
In the manure processing process, the main processing is drying by solar heat, but urokinase may be collected from urine as a medicine, and includes a component separation and extraction step. First, the container 2 for urine storage and the container 5 for urine storage that have reached a predetermined storage amount are replaced with empty washed container 2 for urine storage and container 5 for urine storage, and the distance from the manure processing process is increased. When it is far away, it is collected at the intermediate collection place and transferred to the manure processing process (S-1). In the case of a short distance, the container 2 for storing the urine and the container 5 for storing the urine are both tumbled sideways, and are configured to reduce contact rotation with the ground so that they can be transferred while being rotated.

集配所から屎尿加工プロセスに移送されてきた屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５は、屎・尿の別々の処理されるため、ルート分岐を行う（Ｓ−２）。尿成分の中から例えば医薬品成分のウロキナーゼの採集を図る場合は、成分抽出工程に移送し、成分抽出後、乾燥工程に移送する（Ｓ−３）。残液または、尿成分の中からウロキナーゼなどの医薬品成分の採集を図る必要がないものは、そのまま乾燥工程に移送する（Ｓ−４）。この乾燥工程は、太陽光の熱を集熱板で集熱し、塩田と同様に自然乾燥させる。乾燥した尿の粉体は、尿に含まれる窒素、燐酸、カリュウムなどの成分を必要とする農業用肥料として、水で薄めて散布し、使用する。水で薄め肥料として使えるため、移送し易い単位で包装し、保管する（Ｓ−５）。また、肥料としての利用時に払出しを行う。The container 2 for urine storage and the container 5 for urine storage that have been transferred from the collection / delivery process to the urine processing process are subjected to route branching because the urine and urine are separately processed (S-2). For example, when collecting urokinase, which is a pharmaceutical ingredient, from urine components, it is transferred to the component extraction step, and then transferred to the drying step after component extraction (S-3). The remaining liquid or urine components that do not require collection of pharmaceutical components such as urokinase are transferred directly to the drying step (S-4). In this drying process, the heat of sunlight is collected by a heat collecting plate and is naturally dried in the same manner as the salt fields. The dried urine powder is used as an agricultural fertilizer that requires components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and calcium contained in urine, diluted with water and sprayed. Since it can be used as a thin fertilizer with water, it is packed and stored in units that are easy to transport (S-5). Also, payout when using as fertilizer.

一方、集配所から移送されてきた屎貯蔵用コンテナ２は、直接太陽熱乾燥工程に移送する（Ｓ−８）。太陽熱乾燥工程は、黒色塗装を施したアルミや、鉄材で製作した集熱板を使用し、この熱による熱伝導で屎貯蔵用コンテナ２ごと加熱し乾燥する。
この乾燥工程で昇温されるため、乾燥と同時に細菌の消毒を行うことができる。６ケ月程度の乾燥期間の後、粉体化した屎を屎貯蔵用コンテナ２から取り出し、移送し易い単位で包装し、保管する（Ｓ−９）。また、土壌改良剤としての利用時に払出しを行う。屎貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿貯蔵用コンテナ５は、容器洗浄乾燥、消毒工程を経て（Ｓ−６）、循環使用のため容器を配送する（Ｓ−７）。これらの全工程においても、水質汚染が生じる工程はなく、環境負荷の低減が図れる。すなわち、高価な公共下水道の敷設や汚水処理場の施設建設費が軽減される。一方、この工程を維持管理する経費は、土壌改良剤として販売する収益と、肥料として販売する尿の粉体、ウロキナーゼなどの医薬品成分の販売益によって賄うことができる。On the other hand, the basket storage container 2 transferred from the collection / delivery place is directly transferred to the solar thermal drying process (S-8). In the solar drying process, a heat collecting plate made of black painted aluminum or iron is used, and the soot storage container 2 is heated and dried by heat conduction by this heat.
Since the temperature is raised in this drying step, bacteria can be sterilized simultaneously with drying. After a drying period of about 6 months, the powdered soot is taken out from the soot storage container 2, packaged in a unit that is easy to transport, and stored (S-9). Also, payout when used as a soil conditioner. The urine storage container 2 and the urine storage container 5 are subjected to container washing and drying and disinfection processes (S-6), and then the containers are delivered for circulation (S-7). In all these processes, there is no process in which water pollution occurs, and the environmental load can be reduced. That is, the cost of constructing expensive public sewers and sewage treatment plants is reduced. On the other hand, the cost of maintaining this process can be covered by the profits sold as a soil conditioner and the profits from sales of pharmaceutical ingredients such as urine powder and urokinase sold as fertilizer.

図６に本発明における太陽光集熱板を示す。
図６において、屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ５の上方向の開口部に蓋１４が固定金具１５によって閉じられている。集熱板１６は、太陽光線１７の入射方向を示しており、上方向から底部に向かって円錐を呈し、太陽光を集め、屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ５を下方側面から加熱する。この場合、集熱板１６は、貯蔵用コンテナの外周の２分の１程度で十分な加熱が行えるが、集熱が不足する環境においては、前記外周の２分の１の集熱板１６で挟み込み、集熱量を増やすことも可能である。集熱板は、集熱効率を上げるため、黒色塗装を施す。また、貯蔵用コンテナの蓋部分には、ガス抜きの穴を設け。発生ガスを外部に放散する。
また、図７で示すように、屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２、尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ５を横転させ、または、斜め置きして貯蔵用コンテナの側面の集熱板から加熱しても良い。図８は、図７の貯蔵用コンテナと集熱板を底部から見た模式図を示す。FIG. 6 shows a solar heat collecting plate according to the present invention.
In FIG. 6, a lid 14 is closed by a fixing bracket 15 at an upward opening of the container 2 for storing the tub and the container 5 for storing the urine tank. The heat collecting plate 16 indicates the incident direction of the sunlight 17, exhibits a cone from the top to the bottom, collects sunlight, and draws the tank storage container 2 and the urine storage container 5 from the lower side surface. Heat. In this case, the heat collecting plate 16 can perform sufficient heating at about one-half of the outer periphery of the storage container. However, in an environment where heat collection is insufficient, the heat collecting plate 16 that is one-half of the outer periphery is used. It is also possible to increase the amount of heat collected by pinching. The heat collecting plate is painted black to increase heat collecting efficiency. In addition, a degassing hole is provided in the lid of the storage container. Dissipate the generated gas to the outside.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, the container 2 for tank storage and the container 5 for urine tank may be turned over, or may be placed diagonally and heated from the heat collecting plate on the side surface of the storage container. FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the storage container and the heat collecting plate of FIG. 7 as viewed from the bottom.

図９に、本発明における乾燥工程の模式図を示す。
集熱板１６は、黒色鉄板瓦で集熱板と屋根を兼ねている。また、搬入口２２から搬入した多数の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２は、集熱板の直下に並べる。排気口２０や吸気口２１以外は室内保温のため、機密構造となっている。排気口には、臭気抜きのフィルタを設置しても良い。
当該乾燥工程で、３ヶ月から７ヶ月保持し、水分の乾燥、発酵を促進する。多数の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２内部の屎は、前記乾燥と発酵により、完全な粉体化し、土壌改良材として、農地の地力回復に利用できる。完全な粉体化した屎は、屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２の口から容易に取り出しが可能である。
屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ２の口から粉体化した屎を取り出した後、簡単な洗浄、消毒を施し、再度利用する。In FIG. 9, the schematic diagram of the drying process in this invention is shown.
The heat collecting plate 16 is a black iron plate tile that doubles as a heat collecting plate and a roof. A number of tank storage containers 2 carried in from the carry-in port 22 are arranged directly below the heat collecting plate. The parts other than the exhaust port 20 and the intake port 21 have a secret structure for keeping the room warm. An odor-free filter may be installed at the exhaust port.
In this drying step, the product is held for 3 to 7 months to promote moisture drying and fermentation. A large number of straws in the container 2 for storing tanks are completely pulverized by the drying and fermentation, and can be used as a soil conditioner for restoring the geological strength of farmland. The completely powdered soot can be easily taken out from the mouth of the soot tank storage container 2.
After the powdered soot is taken out from the mouth of the tank storage container 2, it is simply cleaned and disinfected and reused.

図１０本に発明における尿の乾燥工程の側面断面の模式図を示す。
尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ５を集配場所からまたは、使用場所から集荷し、台車２７で移動し、一旦から尿を充填する尿タンク２４に集水する。必要に応じて酸供給タンク２３から塩酸や硝酸を少量滴下し、アンモニア分を酸化し、臭気を抑えることもできる。尿供給バルブ２５を開き、棚状に連続して配置した蒸発器２６に尿２８を充填する。最上段が規定レベルに充填されると、尿路を通して次の段の蒸発器２６に充填する構造となっており、最下段が規定レベルになると尿供給バルブ２５で一旦尿の供給を停止する。太陽光の強さや天候によって、乾燥の進行が異なるが、この状態で３ヶ月から７ヶ月保持し、尿が完全に結晶化・粉体化するのを待つ。
結晶化・粉体化した尿は、袋詰めして保管し、農業用に水で希釈し、肥料として使用する。FIG. 10 shows a schematic side sectional view of the urine drying process in the present invention.
The container 5 for urine tank storage is collected from the collection / delivery place or from the use place, moved by the carriage 27, and collected in the urine tank 24 from which urine is filled once. If necessary, a small amount of hydrochloric acid or nitric acid may be dropped from the acid supply tank 23 to oxidize the ammonia content and suppress odor. The urine supply valve 25 is opened, and the urine 28 is filled in the evaporator 26 continuously arranged in a shelf shape. When the uppermost stage is filled to a specified level, the evaporator 26 of the next stage is filled through the urine passage. When the lowermost stage reaches the specified level, the urine supply valve 25 temporarily stops the supply of urine. The progress of drying varies depending on the intensity of sunlight and the weather, but this state is maintained for 3 to 7 months and waits until the urine is completely crystallized and powdered.
Crystallized and powdered urine is stored in bags, diluted with water for agriculture, and used as fertilizer.

本発明の利用は、通常のトイレの構造のみに限らず、尻洗水を用いる慣習の地域にも尻洗水を用いる構造を持つことができる設計となっており、広く地域で利用することができる。無水式の移動便槽としても利用できるため、仮設トイレとしても使用し易い。The use of the present invention is not limited to the structure of a normal toilet, and it is designed to have a structure using tail washing water in a customary area using tail washing water, and can be widely used in the area. it can. Since it can be used as an anhydrous mobile toilet, it is easy to use as a temporary toilet.

本発明におけるトイレの平面図を示す。The top view of the toilet in this invention is shown. 本発明におけるトイレの側面の断面図を示す。Sectional drawing of the side surface of the toilet in this invention is shown. 本発明における洗水型トイレの平面図を示す。The top view of the flush toilet in the present invention is shown. 本発明における洗水型トイレの側面の断面図を示す。The sectional view of the side of the flush toilet in the present invention is shown. 本発明における屎尿加工プロセスフローチャートを示す。The flowchart of the manure processing process in this invention is shown. 本発明における太陽光集熱板を示す。The solar heat collecting plate in this invention is shown. 本発明における横置きした貯蔵用コンテナと集熱板の模式図を示す。The schematic diagram of the horizontal storage container and heat collecting plate in this invention is shown. 本発明における集熱板の底部から見た模式図を示す。The schematic diagram seen from the bottom part of the heat collecting plate in this invention is shown. 本発明における乾燥工程の模式図を示す。The schematic diagram of the drying process in this invention is shown. 本発明における乾燥工程の側面断面の模式図を示す。The schematic diagram of the side surface cross section of the drying process in this invention is shown.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 屎受け穴 ２ 屎槽貯蔵用コンテナ ３ 尿受 ４ 尿用蛇管
５ 尿槽貯蔵用コンテナ ６ 尻洗水 ７ 洗水用蛇管 ８ 足置き台
９ 洗水槽 １０ 臭気抜き配管 １１ ドア軌跡 １２ 床板
１３ 灰容器 １４ 蓋 １５ 固定金具 １６ 集熱板
１７ 太陽光線 １８ 台 １９ 集熱板 ２０ 排気口
２１ 吸気口 ２２ 搬入口 ２３ 酸供給タンク
２４ 尿タンク ２５ 尿供給バルブ ２６ 蒸発器 ２７ 台車
２８ 尿 ２９ 屎尿分離便器DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reed receiving hole 2 Reservoir storage container 3 Urine receiver 4 Urine urinary tube 5 Urine tub storage container 6 Butt water 7 Washing water tube 8 Foot rest 9 Washing tank 10 Odor removal piping 11 Door locus 12 Floor board 13 Ash Container 14 Lid 15 Fixing bracket 16 Heat collecting plate 17 Sunlight beam 18 units 19 Heat collecting plate 20 Exhaust port 21 Inlet port 22 Carry-in port 23 Acid supply tank 24 Urine tank 25 Urine supply valve 26 Evaporator 27 Bogie 28 Urine 29 Urine separation toilet

Claims (6)

屎尿を分離するトイレシステムにおいて、
水を使用せず、屎尿分離構造を有するトイレであって、当該分離した屎と尿を貯蔵した貯蔵用コンテナを交換し、移動し、屎尿をそれぞれ分離収集し、太陽光の熱によって屎尿をそれぞれ乾燥し、粉体化し、利用することを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法。In the toilet system that separates manure,
A toilet that does not use water and has a structure for separating urine, exchanges the separated urine and storage containers that store urine, moves and separates and collects urine separately, An anhydrous manure treatment method comprising drying, pulverizing, and using. 請求項１において、
屎尿分離便器は、一対の屎尿を貯蔵した貯蔵用コンテナとして使用し、一方の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナが規定レベルに溜まったら貯蔵用コンテナを接続部から切り離し、移動し、空の屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナをそれぞれ交換接続し、使用し、規定レベルに溜まった前記屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナの屎尿を太陽熱によりその容器内でそのまま、または蒸発器内で乾燥させることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法。In claim 1,
The urine separation toilet is used as a storage container that stores a pair of urine, and when one of the tank storage container or the urine storage container accumulates at a specified level, the storage container is disconnected from the connecting portion, moved, and empty. The container for urinal tank storage or the container for urine tank storage is exchanged and used respectively, and the urine of the container for urinal tank storage or the container for urine tank accumulated at a specified level is directly left in the container by solar heat, or An anhydrous manure treatment method characterized by drying in an evaporator. 請求項１又は２において、
得られた粉体の屎尿または、十分に乾燥していない粉体を中間生成物として、太陽光から集熱する集熱板を用いた乾燥プロセス工程に移送し、完全な粉体として農業用肥料や土壌改良材として使用することを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法。In claim 1 or 2,
Fertilizer for agricultural use as a complete powder by transferring the obtained powdered manure or powder that has not been sufficiently dried as an intermediate product to a drying process step using a heat collecting plate that collects heat from sunlight An anhydrous manure treatment method characterized by being used as a soil improvement material. 請求項１又は２において、
屎槽貯蔵用コンテナまたは尿槽貯蔵用コンテナを交換し、乾燥プロセス 工程に移送し、乾燥プロセス工程にて屎と尿タンクの尿を乾燥させることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法。In claim 1 or 2,
An anhydrous manure treatment method characterized by exchanging a tank storage container or a urine tank storage container, transferring the container to a drying process step , and drying the urine in a urine and a urine tank in the drying process step. 請求項１から４のいずれか１項において、
屎尿の乾燥前に、酸を滴下し、アンモニアと反応させ、臭気を抑えることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法。In any one of claims 1 to 4,
An anhydrous manure treatment method , wherein acid is dropped and reacted with ammonia to reduce odor before the manure is dried. 請求項１から５のいずれか１項において、
乾燥工程の排気口に酸系のフィルタを通して排気を行い、臭気を抑えることを特徴とする無水屎尿処理方法。In any one of claims 1 to 5,
An anhydrous manure treatment method characterized in that exhaust gas is exhausted through an acid filter to an exhaust port in a drying process to suppress odor.
JP2008159747A 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Anhydrous manure processing method and anhydrous manure processing system. Expired - Fee Related JP4329107B1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103222825A (en) * 2013-04-03 2013-07-31 大连民族学院 System for sorting and processing urine and shit
CN104803715A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-07-29 张顺成 Excrement-to-fertilizer production and field returning system
CN112956941A (en) * 2021-02-10 2021-06-15 清华大学无锡应用技术研究院 Waterless ecological environment-friendly toilet system

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103222825A (en) * 2013-04-03 2013-07-31 大连民族学院 System for sorting and processing urine and shit
CN103222825B (en) * 2013-04-03 2015-07-01 大连民族学院 System for sorting and processing urine and shit
CN104803715A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-07-29 张顺成 Excrement-to-fertilizer production and field returning system
CN112956941A (en) * 2021-02-10 2021-06-15 清华大学无锡应用技术研究院 Waterless ecological environment-friendly toilet system

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