JP4312988B2 - Thermite welding tool - Google Patents

Thermite welding tool Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4312988B2
JP4312988B2 JP2002037739A JP2002037739A JP4312988B2 JP 4312988 B2 JP4312988 B2 JP 4312988B2 JP 2002037739 A JP2002037739 A JP 2002037739A JP 2002037739 A JP2002037739 A JP 2002037739A JP 4312988 B2 JP4312988 B2 JP 4312988B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
thermite
agent
crucible
copper
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP2002037739A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2003236684A (en
Inventor
智紀 高見沢
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Nichiyu Giken Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002037739A priority Critical patent/JP4312988B2/en
Publication of JP2003236684A publication Critical patent/JP2003236684A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4312988B2 publication Critical patent/JP4312988B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、金属材同士をテルミット溶接する際に用いられる溶接具に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ガス管、鉄筋、H形鋼、レールである鋼材や、接地金具、網状接地のアース線、機器架台のアース線、レールボンド、銅ヨリ線、銅帯ブスバーである銅材等の金属材同士を接続する際、テルミット溶接が行われている。
【0003】
テルミット溶接は、例えば酸化銅のような金属酸化物と、アルミニウムのような還元剤とを含む粉末のテルミット剤に点火して行われる。酸化銅とアルミニウムとを含むテルミット剤によるテルミット反応を例に説明すると、下記化学反応式(1)および(2)
3Cu0 +2Al→3Cu+A10+ΔH・・・(1)
3Cu0+2Al→6Cu+A10+ΔH・・・(2)
に示すように、酸化銅は還元されて比重の重い銅となり、生じた反応熱ΔHで銅が溶融し、一方アルミニウムは酸化されて比重の軽いアルミナを主とするスラグとなる。比重差のためにスラグの分離した溶融銅が、金属材同士を溶接する。
【0004】
従来、テルミット溶接には、図5に示すように、突き合わされる面対照な一組の黒鉛製鋳型の溶接具40a・40bが汎用されていた。突きあわせた鋳型40a・40bは、底の湯口45が熱溶融性ディスク47で塞がれテルミット剤48が充填されている反応窯50と、金属材41・42の溶接部位同士が挿入され溶融銅が湯口45から流れ込むキャビティ44とを有している。
【0005】
反応窯50が黒鉛製であるとその潤滑性が高いため、テルミット溶接の際、溶融銅とアルミナを主とするスラグとの分離またはテルミット反応が不十分なまま、反応物質が滞留することなく速やかに反応窯50からキャビティ44へ流れ出る。充分に反応が進行しないまま反応物質がキャビティ44に流れ込むと、溶接される金属材に熱を急激にうばわれて、スラグやガスが浮かび上がらないうちに、溶融銅が固化してしまうため、キャビティ44の全体に流込み難いうえ、発生ガスにより生じた巣と呼ばれる低密度で不均質な溶接部分を生じる結果、溶接強度が弱くなってしまう。
【0006】
溶融銅の融点を降下させてその流動性を増加させ溶融銅のキャビティ44への充填性や、ガスやスラグの分離を向上させるため、テルミット剤48に数重量%の比でスズを添加することがある。金属材である鋼材と銅材との溶接の際、鋼材の一部はA変態点以上に上昇するため、オーステナイト組織に変態し、このオーステナイトの粒界に銅原子やスズ原子が浸入して粒界割れが生じ易くなり、溶接後に繰返し応力を加えると亀裂を誘発することがあった。
【0007】
さらに、鋳型40a・40bを繰返して使用するにつれ、反応窯50や湯口45が、熱溶融性ディスク47と接触したり、溶接後に付着したスラグを除去するためブラシで擦られたりして、摩耗する。そのため、ディスク47と鋳型40a・40bとの間に隙間が生じるので、粉末のテルミット剤が遺漏するようになり溶接が不十分となるうえ、高価な鋳型40a・40bが数十回しか繰返し使用できない。また、屋外で溶接する際、粉末のテルミット剤を反応窯50に投入する時に風で飛散すると、溶接が不十分となってしまう。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は前記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、テルミット溶接の際にテルミット剤の遺漏や飛散がないうえ、溶融金属とスラグとの分離がよく、巣を生じさせることなく金属材同士を十分な強度で繰返し簡便に溶接することができるテルミット溶接具を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の目的を達成するためになされた本発明のテルミット溶接具1は、実施例に対応する図1、図2、図3及び図4を参照して説明すると、金属酸化物と還元剤との主剤と、スズ・フッ化カルシウム・硅化カルシウム・酸化亜鉛の混合物、又はフッ化カルシウム・硅化カルシウム・酸化亜鉛の混合物を含む融点降下剤およびフラックスと含んでいるテルミット剤18が収容されておりテルミット剤18を反応させるセラミックス製坩堝20と、溶接すべき鋼材及び/又は銅材の金属材11・12が挿入された鋳型10a・10b・10c(図1参照)とを有し、坩堝20の底部に金属酸化物由来の溶融金属が流れ落ちる開口16があいており、熱溶融性部材17で塞がれた開口16が鋳型10a・10bの湯口15に通じているテルミット溶接具であって、
セラミックス製坩堝20内にテルミット剤18と点火剤19とが収容されており、又は
坩堝20を覆っている蓋22に耐熱容器30が差し込まれ、耐熱容器30の底穴31が熱溶融性部材32で塞がれ、テルミット剤18と同組成のテルミット溶接誘起薬33が、点火薬34と接触して充填されており、
外部から挿入される着火具24によって点火される点火剤19又は点火薬34に、キャップ23・35が接触して付されている。
【0010】
セラミックス製坩堝20は、アルミナ製、アルミナおよび/またはシリカからなるセラミックスファイバー製、ムライト製、またはコージライト製であることが好ましい。セラミックスファイバーは、例えば減圧吸引成型材である。鋳型10a・10b・10cは、黒鉛製であることが好ましい。
【0011】
坩堝20内でテルミット剤が点火されて、テルミット反応の進行により生じた溶融金属は、熱溶融性部材17を溶融して開口16から湯口15へ流れ落ち、金属材11・12が挿入された鋳型のキャビティ14を充填して金属材11・12同士を溶接する。
【0012】
坩堝20がセラミックス製であると、溶融金属との摩擦抵抗が大きいので、溶融金属の坩堝内での滞留時間は比較的長くなる結果、テルミット剤のテルミット反応が完全に進行し、期待通りのΔHを確保でき、生成した溶融金属等の温度が高くなるとともに、金属酸化物に由来して生じた溶融金属と還元剤に由来して副生したスラグとが充分に分離する。さらに、セラミックス製坩堝20は断熱性が高いため、反応熱の逃散が少なく、溶融金属の温度が低下し難くなり、溶融金属の粘度が小さいまま維持される結果、スラグが一層分離し易いうえ、溶融金属がキャビティ14の全体へ充分に流れ込んで充填される。冷却された溶接部位は、スラグを含んでいないので緻密であり巣が発生しておらず、溶接強度が大きい。
【0013】
鋳型10a・10b・10cは、断熱性の高い坩堝からの熱の伝播が少ないので過度に熱くならず、引続き次の溶接に使用でき、取り扱い易い。高価な黒鉛製の鋳型10a・10b・10cは、数百回繰返し使用でき、経済的である。
【0014】
安価なセラミックス製の坩堝20は、分離したスラグの一部がセラミック表面と焼結し、ブラシ等で擦取ることはできないため、溶接の度に取り替える。
【0015】
テルミット剤18は、酸化金属として例えば酸化銅、酸化鉄が含まれ、還元剤として例えばAl、P、Si、Ca、Mg、Ti、Be、銅−アルミニウム合金が含まれている。テルミット剤18に融点降下剤およびフラックスとして、例えばスズ、フッ化カルシウム、氷晶石、硅化カルシウム、酸化亜鉛等が添加されていてもよい。なお、坩堝20を使うと、溶融金属の粘度が低くなりスラグが分離し易くなるので、テルミット剤18に鋼材の粒界割れを生じ易いスズ等を添加しなくてもよい。
【0016】
テルミット剤18と、その上で接触している点火剤19とが圧填されていることが好ましい。圧填されていると、テルミット剤18が坩堝から遺漏せず、また風で飛散しない。
【0017】
テルミット溶接具1は、図3に示すように、坩堝20を覆っている蓋22に耐熱容器30が差し込まれ、耐熱容器30の底穴31が熱溶融性部材32で塞がれ、テルミット剤18と同組成のテルミット溶接誘起薬33が、点火薬34と接触して充填されていてもよい。耐熱容器30中の点火薬34への点火によりテルミット溶接誘起薬33が反応し、生じた溶融金属が坩堝20内のテルミット剤18に垂れてテルミット反応を誘起する。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明を適用するテルミット溶接具1の実施例を詳細に説明する。
【0019】
図1は、テルミット溶接具1の実施例を示す外観斜視図である。図2は、そのA−A断面図である。
【0020】
テルミット溶接具1は、図1に示すとおり、下部に黒鉛製の鋳型10a・10b・10cを有し、その上部にセラミックス製の坩堝20が載置されている。
【0021】
この鋳型は、底部鋳型10cに、面対照な二つの黒鉛製の側部鋳型10a・10bが載せられたものである。側部鋳型10aと10bとに蝶番27(図2参照)が付けられている。一方の側部鋳型10aと底部鋳型10cとはクランプ26で離れないように固定されている。他方の側部鋳型10bは、蝶番27によって開閉可能となっており、留具25で開かないように留められている。突き合わせた二つの側部鋳型10a・10bに、セラミックス製の坩堝20が載置されている。坩堝20を覆って蓋22がかぶされている。
【0022】
図2に示すように、坩堝20の底にあいている開口16は、熱溶融性部材17で塞がれている。坩堝20に、酸化銅とアルミニウムとを含有するテルミット剤18と、その上にまぶされている点火剤19とが、圧填されている。
【0023】
底部鋳型10cの上面と、側部鋳型10a・10bの下面との接触面には、テルミット溶接すべき金属材である2本の銅より線11と1本の銅より線12とを僅かに余裕をもって左右から挿入する金属材挿入穴13を形成するための溝と、挿入穴13に繋がりそれより広径であって銅より線11・12の溶接部位を溶融金属で溶接するキャビティ14を形成するための溝とが、設けられている。
【0024】
側部鋳型10aおよび10bが突き合わされる面には、坩堝20を填込む坩堝填込穴21を形成するための穴の半身と、坩堝填込穴21からキャビティ14へ導通させる湯口15を形成するための溝とが、設けられている。
【0025】
底部鋳型10cの上に、側部鋳型10a・10bを突き合わせつつ載せると、金属材挿入穴13、キャビティ14、湯口15、および坩堝填込穴21が形成される。
【0026】
左右の金属剤挿入穴13から夫々銅より線11および12が挿入され、銅より線11および12の溶接部位同士がキャビティ14に至るまで、押し込まれている。
【0027】
金属材11および12は、以下のようにしてテルミット溶接される。
【0028】
着火具24により点火剤19に点火すると、テルミット剤18のテルミット反応が誘発されて、溶融金属である溶融銅とアルミナを主成分とするスラグとが生成する。比重が軽いスラグは溶融銅から浮き上がり、一方比重が重い溶融銅は沈降する。スラグと分離した溶融銅は、その熱により遂には熱溶融性部材17を溶融して開口16から流れ出る。この溶融銅は、湯口15を伝ってキャビティ14に流れ込み隙間なく充填されて、銅より線11および12の溶接部位の両端面を溶かし、両端を渾然一体として分子的に凝固結合させる。側部鋳型10a・10bおよび底部鋳型10cを引き剥がし、側部鋳型10a・10bおよび底部鋳型10cに付着したスラグをウエスやブラシ等で擦り取る後処理を行ってから、同様な溶接を繰り返す。
【0029】
本発明を適用するテルミット溶接具を用い前記の実施例に従ってテルミット溶接した例を以下の実施例1および2に示し、本発明を適用外のテルミット溶接具を用いてテルミット溶接した例を比較例1および2に示す。
【0030】
(実施例1)
セラミックス製坩堝20として、高さ60mm外径62mmの円筒であって、上縁が内径50mmで、底に直径12mmの開口16があいているコージライト製のものを用いた。その開口16を塞ぐ熱溶融性部材として、厚さ0.3mmの鉄製ディスク17を用いた。テルミット剤18は、主剤である酸化銅および銅−アルミニウム合金と、融点降下剤およびフラックスであるスズ、フッ化カルシウム、硅化カルシウム、酸化亜鉛とが混合され、その上にまぶされた点火剤とともに圧填されたものを用いた。鋳型10a・10b・10cは、外形が幅80mm高さ200mm奥行80mmの直方体の黒鉛製のものである。突きあわされた側部鋳型10a・10bは、直径64mm深さ60mmの坩堝填込穴21が設けられている。溶接すべき金属材は、断面積55mmの2本の銅より線11および断面積115mmの1本の銅より線12である。5回連続して、テルミット溶接した。
【0031】
(実施例2)
スズを含んでいないテルミット剤を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてテルミット溶接を行った。
【0032】
(比較例1および2)
セラミックス製坩堝を有するテルミット溶接具に代えて、図5に示すような黒鉛製の溶接具を用いたこと以外は実施例1および2と同様にして、各々テルミット溶接を行った。
【0033】
テルミット溶接して得た各5検体の溶接部位の外観を観察し、アルミナを主とするスラグの巻き込みの有無、溶融銅のキャビティへの充填の不足について調べた。また溶接部位を高速回転カッターで切断し、巣の発生の有無について調べた。結果を表1に示す。
【0034】
【表1】

Figure 0004312988
【0035】
比較例では点火剤への点火から溶融銅が坩堝から流れ出すまでの時間は、約0.9秒であるのに対し、実施例1および2ではそれより約1秒長かった。そのため、スラグと溶融銅との分離に差が生じる。その結果、表1に示すとおり、実施例1および2では、良好な溶接であったのに対し、比較例1および2では、スラグの巻込み、溶融銅の充填不足、巣の発生が認められ、溶接不良の検体が多くなっている。
【0036】
なお、図3に示すように、点火薬34とテルミット溶接誘起薬33とを充填した耐熱容器30が蓋22に取り付けられていてもよい。図3および図4に示すように、坩堝20や耐熱容器30には、テルミット剤18やテルミット溶接誘起薬33の輸送時の漏洩を防止するキャップ23・35を付しておき、図2に示すように、テルミット溶接開始直前にキャップ23・35を外してから、溶接を行ってもよい。キャップ23を外してから坩堝20を鋳型10a・10bに載置してもよい。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細に説明したように本発明のテルミット溶接具を用いて溶接すると、溶融金属とスラグとの分離がよく、巣を生じさせることなく金属材同士を溶接することができる。溶接強度は充分に強い。テルミット溶接具は、鋳型が過熱しないので、直ぐに次の溶接に使用でき取り扱い易い。鋳型を繰返し使用できるので、経済的である。さらに溶接作業中にテルミット剤の遺漏や飛散がない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明を適用するテルミット溶接具の実施例を示す斜視図である。
【図2】本発明を適用するテルミット溶接具の実施例を示す断面図である。
【図3】本発明を適用するテルミット溶接具の別な実施例を示す要部断面図である。
【図4】本発明を適用するテルミット溶接具の別な実施例を示す要部断面図である。
【図5】本発明を適用外のテルミット溶接具の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1はテルミット溶接具、10a・10bは側部鋳型、10cは底部鋳型、11・12は金属材、13は金属材挿入穴、14はキャビティ、15は湯口、16は開口、17は熱溶融性部材、18はテルミット剤、19は点火剤、20はセラミックス製坩堝、21は坩堝填込穴、22は蓋、23はキャップ、24は着火具、25は留具、26はクランプ、27は蝶番、30は耐熱容器、31は底穴、32は熱溶融性部材、33はテルミット溶接誘起薬、34は点火薬、35はキャップ、40a・40bは黒鉛製鋳型、41・42は金属材、44はキャビティ、45は湯口、47は熱溶融性ディスク、48はテルミット剤、49は点火剤、50は反応窯である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a welding tool used for thermite welding of metal materials.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Metal materials such as gas pipes, reinforcing bars, H-shaped steel, rail steel, grounding metal fittings, mesh grounding ground wire, equipment mounting ground wire, rail bond, copper twisted wire, copper strip bus bar, etc. When connecting, thermite welding is performed.
[0003]
Thermite welding is performed by igniting a powdered thermite agent containing a metal oxide such as copper oxide and a reducing agent such as aluminum. An example of a thermite reaction by a thermite agent containing copper oxide and aluminum is as follows. The following chemical reaction formulas (1) and (2)
3Cu0 + 2Al → 3Cu + A1 2 0 3 + ΔH (1)
3Cu 2 + 2Al → 6Cu + A1 2 0 3 + ΔH (2)
As shown in FIG. 4, the copper oxide is reduced to become heavy copper, and the resulting reaction heat ΔH melts the copper, while the aluminum is oxidized to become slag mainly composed of light alumina. The molten copper from which the slag is separated due to the difference in specific gravity welds the metal materials together.
[0004]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of graphite mold welding tools 40a and 40b, which are face-to-face matched, have been widely used for thermite welding. The butted molds 40a and 40b have a molten copper in which the bottom sprue 45 is closed with a heat-meltable disc 47 and a thermite agent 48 is filled, and the welded portions of the metal materials 41 and 42 are inserted into each other. Has a cavity 44 that flows from the gate 45.
[0005]
When the reaction kiln 50 is made of graphite, the lubricity thereof is high. Therefore, during thermite welding, the separation of the molten copper and the slag mainly composed of alumina or the thermite reaction is insufficient, and the reactants do not stay quickly. To the cavity 44 from the reaction kiln 50. If the reactant flows into the cavity 44 without sufficiently proceeding with the reaction, the heat is suddenly applied to the metal material to be welded, and the molten copper solidifies before the slag or gas rises. In addition, the weld strength is weakened as a result of the formation of a non-uniform and inhomogeneous weld called a nest produced by the generated gas.
[0006]
In order to lower the melting point of the molten copper and increase its fluidity to improve the filling of the molten copper into the cavity 44 and the separation of gas and slag, tin is added to the thermite agent 48 in a ratio of several weight percent. There is. During welding of steel and copper material is a metal material, a portion of the steel material to rise above the A 1 transformation point, transformed into austenite structure, copper atoms or tin atoms in the grain boundaries of the austenite intrudes Intergranular cracking is likely to occur, and cracks may be induced when repeated stress is applied after welding.
[0007]
Further, as the molds 40a and 40b are repeatedly used, the reaction kiln 50 and the gate 45 are worn by coming into contact with the heat-melting disc 47 or rubbing with a brush to remove slag adhered after welding. . Therefore, since a gap is generated between the disk 47 and the molds 40a and 40b, the powdered thermite agent is leaked, welding becomes insufficient, and the expensive molds 40a and 40b can be repeatedly used only several tens of times. . In addition, when welding outdoors, if powdered thermite agent is thrown into the reaction kiln 50 and is scattered by the wind, welding becomes insufficient.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and there is no leakage or scattering of the thermite agent during thermite welding, and the molten metal and the slag are well separated, and the metal materials can be formed without forming a nest. It is an object of the present invention to provide a thermite welding tool capable of repeatedly and simply welding with sufficient strength.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Thermite welding device 1 of the present invention made in order to achieve the object of Figure 1 corresponding to the embodiment, and FIG. 2, will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the metal oxide and a reducing agent main agent, a mixture of tin-calcium fluoride, silicide calcium zinc oxide, or thermite agent 18 that contains a melting point depressant and a flux comprising a mixture of calcium fluoride, silicide calcium zinc oxide is accommodated A ceramic crucible 20 for reacting the thermite agent 18 and molds 10a, 10b, and 10c (see FIG. 1) in which metal materials 11 and 12 of a steel material and / or a copper material to be welded are inserted; bottom opening 16 which molten metal flows down from the metal oxides are vacant, the thermite opening 16 is blocked by the heat-fusible member 17 that open onto a sprue 15 of the mold 10a · 10b A contact device,
The thermite agent 18 and the ignition agent 19 are accommodated in the ceramic crucible 20, or
The heat-resistant container 30 is inserted into the lid 22 covering the crucible 20, the bottom hole 31 of the heat-resistant container 30 is closed with the heat-meltable member 32, and the thermite welding inducer 33 having the same composition as the thermite agent 18 is used as the ignition agent. 34 in contact with,
Caps 23 and 35 are attached to the igniting agent 19 or the igniting agent 34 ignited by the ignition tool 24 inserted from the outside .
[0010]
The ceramic crucible 20 is preferably made of alumina, ceramic fiber made of alumina and / or silica, mullite, or cordierite. The ceramic fiber is, for example, a vacuum suction molding material. The molds 10a, 10b, and 10c are preferably made of graphite.
[0011]
The molten metal generated by the progress of the thermite reaction after the thermite agent is ignited in the crucible 20 melts the heat-meltable member 17 and flows down from the opening 16 to the gate 15, and the mold in which the metal materials 11 and 12 are inserted. The cavity 14 is filled and the metal materials 11 and 12 are welded together.
[0012]
If the crucible 20 is made of ceramics, the frictional resistance with the molten metal is large, so that the residence time of the molten metal in the crucible becomes relatively long. As a result, the thermite reaction of the thermite agent proceeds completely, and the expected ΔH As a result, the temperature of the generated molten metal or the like becomes high, and the molten metal produced from the metal oxide and the slag produced as a by-product from the reducing agent are sufficiently separated. Furthermore, since the ceramic crucible 20 has high heat insulation properties, there is little escape of reaction heat, the temperature of the molten metal is less likely to decrease, and the viscosity of the molten metal is maintained low, so that the slag is more easily separated, The molten metal flows sufficiently into the entire cavity 14 and is filled. Since the cooled welded part does not contain slag, it is dense and no nest is generated, and the welding strength is high.
[0013]
The molds 10a, 10b, and 10c are less heated because they do not propagate heat from the highly heat-insulating crucible, can be used for subsequent welding, and are easy to handle. Expensive graphite molds 10a, 10b, and 10c can be used repeatedly several hundred times and are economical.
[0014]
The inexpensive ceramic crucible 20 is replaced every time it is welded because a part of the separated slag is sintered with the ceramic surface and cannot be scraped off with a brush or the like.
[0015]
The thermite agent 18 includes, for example, copper oxide and iron oxide as the metal oxide, and includes, for example, Al, P, Si, Ca, Mg, Ti, Be , and a copper-aluminum alloy as the reducing agent. For example, tin, calcium fluoride, cryolite, calcium halide, zinc oxide or the like may be added to the thermite agent 18 as a melting point depressant and a flux. If the crucible 20 is used, the viscosity of the molten metal is lowered and the slag is easily separated. Therefore, it is not necessary to add tin or the like that easily causes grain boundary cracking of the steel material to the thermite agent 18.
[0016]
It is preferable that the thermite agent 18 and the igniter 19 in contact therewith are packed. If it is filled, the thermite agent 18 will not leak from the crucible and will not be scattered by the wind.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 3, the thermite welding tool 1 has a heat-resistant container 30 inserted into a lid 22 covering the crucible 20, and a bottom hole 31 of the heat-resistant container 30 is closed with a heat-meltable member 32. The thermite welding inducer 33 having the same composition may be filled in contact with the igniting agent 34. The thermite welding inducing agent 33 reacts by igniting the igniting agent 34 in the heat-resistant container 30, and the generated molten metal hangs down on the thermite agent 18 in the crucible 20 to induce the thermite reaction.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Below, the example of thermite welding tool 1 to which the present invention is applied is described in detail.
[0019]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of the thermite welding tool 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, the thermite welding tool 1 has graphite molds 10 a, 10 b, and 10 c at a lower portion, and a ceramic crucible 20 is placed on the upper portion.
[0021]
In this mold, two side molds 10a and 10b made of graphite for contrast are placed on the bottom mold 10c. A hinge 27 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the side molds 10a and 10b. One side mold 10a and the bottom mold 10c are fixed by a clamp 26 so as not to be separated. The other side mold 10 b can be opened and closed by a hinge 27 and is fastened so as not to be opened by a fastener 25. A ceramic crucible 20 is placed on the two side molds 10a and 10b that are butted together. A lid 22 covers the crucible 20.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the opening 16 in the bottom of the crucible 20 is closed with a hot-melt member 17. The crucible 20 is filled with a thermite agent 18 containing copper oxide and aluminum, and an igniting agent 19 coated thereon.
[0023]
The contact surface between the upper surface of the bottom mold 10c and the lower surfaces of the side molds 10a and 10b has a margin of two copper strands 11 and one copper strand 12 which are metal materials to be thermite welded. To form a metal material insertion hole 13 to be inserted from the left and right, and a cavity 14 connected to the insertion hole 13 and having a larger diameter and welding the welded portion of the copper strands 11 and 12 with molten metal. A groove is provided.
[0024]
A half body of a hole for forming a crucible filling hole 21 for filling the crucible 20 and a gate 15 for conducting from the crucible filling hole 21 to the cavity 14 are formed on the surface where the side molds 10a and 10b are abutted. A groove is provided.
[0025]
When the side molds 10a and 10b are put on the bottom mold 10c while abutting each other, the metal material insertion hole 13, the cavity 14, the gate 15, and the crucible filling hole 21 are formed.
[0026]
The copper strands 11 and 12 are inserted from the left and right metal agent insertion holes 13, respectively, and the welded portions of the copper strands 11 and 12 are pushed into the cavity 14.
[0027]
The metal materials 11 and 12 are thermite welded as follows.
[0028]
When the igniter 19 is ignited by the ignition tool 24, the thermite reaction of the thermit agent 18 is induced, and molten copper that is a molten metal and slag mainly composed of alumina are generated. Slag with a low specific gravity floats from the molten copper, while molten copper with a high specific gravity sinks. The molten copper separated from the slag finally melts the heat-meltable member 17 by the heat and flows out from the opening 16. This molten copper flows into the cavity 14 through the gate 15 and is filled without any gaps, melts the both end faces of the welded portions of the copper wires 11 and 12, and solidifies and bonds the both ends together in a molecular manner. The side molds 10a and 10b and the bottom mold 10c are peeled off, and after the post-treatment of scraping the slag adhering to the side molds 10a and 10b and the bottom mold 10c with a waste cloth or a brush, similar welding is repeated.
[0029]
Examples of thermite welding using the thermite welding tool to which the present invention is applied according to the above-described example are shown in the following examples 1 and 2, and an example of the present invention using the thermite welding tool not applied to the present invention is comparative example 1. And shown in 2.
[0030]
Example 1
The ceramic crucible 20 was a cordierite cylinder having a height of 60 mm and an outer diameter of 62 mm, an upper edge having an inner diameter of 50 mm, and an opening 16 having a diameter of 12 mm at the bottom. An iron disk 17 having a thickness of 0.3 mm was used as a heat-meltable member for closing the opening 16. The thermite agent 18 is a mixture of copper oxide and a copper-aluminum alloy as main components and tin, calcium fluoride, calcium halide, and zinc oxide as melting point depressants and fluxes, and together with an igniter coated thereon. The one that was packed was used. The molds 10a, 10b, and 10c are made of graphite having a rectangular parallelepiped shape having an outer width of 80 mm, a height of 200 mm, and a depth of 80 mm. The crushed side molds 10a and 10b are provided with crucible insertion holes 21 having a diameter of 64 mm and a depth of 60 mm. Metallic materials to be welded is a line 12 from one of copper cross-sectional area 55 mm 2 of the two lines 11 and the cross-sectional area of copper 115 mm 2. Thermite welding was performed 5 times in succession.
[0031]
(Example 2)
Thermite welding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a thermite agent containing no tin was used.
[0032]
(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
Instead of the thermite welding tool having a ceramic crucible, thermite welding was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 except that a graphite welding tool as shown in FIG. 5 was used.
[0033]
The appearance of the welded parts of each of the five specimens obtained by thermite welding was observed, and the presence or absence of slag mainly composed of alumina was examined and the lack of filling of the molten copper into the cavity was investigated. Also, the welded part was cut with a high-speed rotating cutter and examined for the presence of nests. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0034]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004312988
[0035]
In the comparative example, the time from the ignition of the igniter to the molten copper flowing out of the crucible was about 0.9 seconds, while in Examples 1 and 2, it was about 1 second longer than that. For this reason, a difference occurs in the separation between the slag and the molten copper. As a result, as shown in Table 1, in Examples 1 and 2, good welding was achieved, but in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, slag entrainment, insufficient filling of molten copper, and formation of nests were observed. There are many specimens with poor welding.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 3, a heat-resistant container 30 filled with the ignition agent 34 and the thermite welding induction agent 33 may be attached to the lid 22. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the crucible 20 and the heat-resistant container 30 are provided with caps 23 and 35 for preventing leakage of the thermite agent 18 and the thermite welding inducer 33 during transportation, as shown in FIG. Thus , welding may be performed after removing the caps 23 and 35 just before the start of thermite welding. The crucible 20 may be placed on the molds 10a and 10b after the cap 23 is removed.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, when welding is performed using the thermite welding tool of the present invention, the molten metal and the slag are well separated, and the metal materials can be welded together without forming a nest. The welding strength is sufficiently strong. Since the mold does not overheat, the thermite welding tool can be used for the next welding immediately and is easy to handle. Since the mold can be used repeatedly, it is economical. Furthermore, there is no leakage or scattering of thermite agent during the welding operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a thermite welding tool to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a thermite welding tool to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the thermite welding tool to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the thermite welding tool to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a thermite welding tool to which the present invention is not applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 is a thermite welding tool, 10a and 10b are side molds, 10c is a bottom mold, 11 and 12 are metal materials, 13 is a metal material insertion hole, 14 is a cavity, 15 is a sprue, 16 is an opening, and 17 is heat melting Member, 18 is a thermite agent, 19 is an igniter , 20 is a ceramic crucible, 21 is a crucible filling hole, 22 is a lid, 23 is a cap, 24 is an ignition tool, 25 is a fastener, 26 is a clamp, 27 is a hinge , 30 is a heat-resistant container, 31 is a bottom hole, 32 is a heat-meltable member, 33 is a thermite welding inducer, 34 is an ignition agent, 35 is a cap, 40a and 40b are graphite molds, 41 and 42 are metal materials, 44 Is a cavity, 45 is a sprue, 47 is a hot-melt disk, 48 is a thermite agent, 49 is an ignition agent, and 50 is a reaction kiln.

Claims (4)

金属酸化物と還元剤との主剤と、スズ・フッ化カルシウム・硅化カルシウム・酸化亜鉛の混合物、又はフッ化カルシウム・硅化カルシウム・酸化亜鉛の混合物を含む融点降下剤およびフラックスとを含んでいるテルミット剤が収容されており該テルミット剤を反応させるセラミックス製坩堝と、溶接すべき鋼材及び/又は銅材の金属材が挿入された鋳型とを有し、該坩堝の底部に該金属酸化物由来の溶融金属が流れ落ちる開口があいており、熱溶融性部材で塞がれた該開口が鋳型の湯口に通じているテルミット溶接具であって、
該セラミックス製坩堝内に該テルミット剤と点火剤とが収容されており、又は
該坩堝を覆っている蓋に耐熱容器が差し込まれ、該耐熱容器の底穴が熱溶融性部材で塞がれ、該テルミット剤と同組成のテルミット溶接誘起薬が、点火薬と接触して充填されており、
外部から挿入される着火具によって点火される該点火剤又は該点火薬に、キャップが接触して付されていることを特徴とするテルミット溶接具。
Main agent of a metal oxide and a reducing agent, that contains a mixture of tin-calcium fluoride, silicide calcium zinc oxide, or a melting point depressant which comprises a mixture of calcium fluoride, silicide calcium zinc oxide and flux A ceramic crucible containing a thermite agent and reacting with the thermit agent, and a mold in which a steel material and / or a copper metal material to be welded are inserted, derived from the metal oxide at the bottom of the crucible and Ai openings molten metal flows down has openings which is blocked by the heat-fusible member is a thermite welding device that open onto the sprue of the mold,
The thermite agent and igniter are contained in the ceramic crucible, or
A heat-resistant container is inserted into the lid covering the crucible, the bottom hole of the heat-resistant container is closed with a heat-meltable member, and a thermite welding inducer having the same composition as the thermit agent is filled in contact with the ignition agent Has been
A thermite welding tool characterized in that a cap is attached to the ignition agent or the ignition agent that is ignited by an ignition tool inserted from the outside .
該セラミックス製坩堝が、アルミナ製、アルミナおよび/またはシリカからなるセラミックスファイバー製、ムライト製、またはコージライト製であり、該鋳型が黒鉛製であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のテルミット溶接具。    The thermite welding according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic crucible is made of alumina, ceramic fiber made of alumina and / or silica, mullite, or cordierite, and the mold is made of graphite. Ingredients. 該テルミット剤と、その上で接触している点火剤とが圧填されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のテルミット溶接具。Thermite welding device according to claim 1 and said thermite material, and said igniter which is in contact on it is characterized in that it is圧填. 該テルミット剤が、酸化銅及び酸化鉄から選ばれる該金属酸化物と、Al、P、Si、Ca、Mg、Ti、Be、銅−アルミニウム合金から選ばれる該還元剤と、氷晶石を含む該融点降下剤およびフラックスとを、含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のテルミット溶接具。The thermite agent includes the metal oxide selected from copper oxide and iron oxide, the reducing agent selected from Al, P, Si, Ca, Mg, Ti, Be, and a copper-aluminum alloy, and cryolite. The thermite welding tool according to claim 1 , comprising the melting point depressant and a flux .
JP2002037739A 2002-02-15 2002-02-15 Thermite welding tool Expired - Lifetime JP4312988B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002037739A JP4312988B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2002-02-15 Thermite welding tool

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002037739A JP4312988B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2002-02-15 Thermite welding tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003236684A JP2003236684A (en) 2003-08-26
JP4312988B2 true JP4312988B2 (en) 2009-08-12

Family

ID=27779238

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002037739A Expired - Lifetime JP4312988B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2002-02-15 Thermite welding tool

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4312988B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2490104C1 (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-08-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпром трансгаз Самара" Device for firing thermit composition
CN103317226A (en) * 2013-05-30 2013-09-25 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 Secondary self-propagating welding method for cathode soft belt and large bus for aluminum electrolysis cell
CN109794673A (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-24 奥戈-灼热剂股份有限公司 The crucible cover of rail welding crucible and the reaction starting mixture lighted with oxygen/propane rail preheated burning device

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2913358B1 (en) * 2007-03-06 2009-05-08 Railtech Internat Sa DEVICE FOR IGNITING AN ALUMINOTHERMAL COMPOSITION, HOLLOWING THE INCORPORATING DEVICE AND ASSOCIATED METHODS.
WO2010126785A2 (en) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Fady Ameer Alghusain Weld material ignition
CN103264222A (en) * 2013-05-24 2013-08-28 合肥荣事达三洋电器股份有限公司 Welding method for aluminium wire and copper wire for motor
CN103350285B (en) * 2013-05-30 2016-03-02 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 Welding method between a kind of aluminum cell cathode steel bar and connector presser
CN103639589B (en) * 2013-12-20 2016-04-27 武汉大学 A kind of aluminium-steel exothermic welding method
WO2016053136A1 (en) * 2014-09-29 2016-04-07 Алексей Михайлович ЛЫКОВ Method for the alumino-thermite welding of rails and device for carrying out said method
CN107552946B (en) * 2017-10-25 2024-01-30 郑州机械研究所 Universal die for thermite welding of grounding grid
CN108465930B (en) * 2018-04-16 2021-07-09 深圳市沃尔核材股份有限公司 Method for connecting two connecting pipes
CN109702412A (en) * 2019-03-04 2019-05-03 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 A kind of exothermic welding mould
CN113798746B (en) * 2021-10-15 2024-05-14 成都亿开伟业科技开发有限公司 Device, method and application for welding high-low melting point metal

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2490104C1 (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-08-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпром трансгаз Самара" Device for firing thermit composition
CN103317226A (en) * 2013-05-30 2013-09-25 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 Secondary self-propagating welding method for cathode soft belt and large bus for aluminum electrolysis cell
CN109794673A (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-24 奥戈-灼热剂股份有限公司 The crucible cover of rail welding crucible and the reaction starting mixture lighted with oxygen/propane rail preheated burning device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2003236684A (en) 2003-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4312988B2 (en) Thermite welding tool
KR960004342B1 (en) Electrode and flux for arc welding stainless steel
CA2369646C (en) Exothermic weld mold assembly
EP0130626A2 (en) Composite metal articles
JP5138879B2 (en) Material composite
AU775369B2 (en) Method for plugging a hole and a cooling element manufactured by said method
CN107208275A (en) Use laser and the material repair methods of ultrasound
JPS6363598A (en) Coagulating flux for high-casting high-speed welding
EP2091686B1 (en) Low and non-silver filler metals and alloys and corresponding joinder systems and methods
US3421570A (en) Aluminothermic welding process
US3831263A (en) Method of soldering
JPH06304740A (en) Cast-in method
AT408731B (en) REACTION POT FOR AN ALUMINOTHERMAL RAIL WELDING DEVICE
JPS59212169A (en) Backing method for one-side welding
GB2065528A (en) Process for fixing cables to the top of a metal workpiece and equipment for carrying out the process
JP3515805B2 (en) Injection method of thermite weld metal
JP4303340B2 (en) Friction stir welding end treatment method
JP3574588B2 (en) Joint structure and welding method of steel core aluminum electric wire
JPS6160256A (en) Building-up method by tinkering
RU2279946C2 (en) Method of manufacture of hard-carbide-tipped tools
JP2005220727A (en) Rail welding method and refractory material for emergency repair
JPS60106697A (en) End tab welding method
JP2988560B2 (en) Electric wire welding method and apparatus
RU2202441C2 (en) Method for connecting hard alloy with cast base of tool
JPS59227781A (en) Ceramic metal bonding method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20050113

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080422

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080620

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080819

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20081017

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20090507

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20090514

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120522

Year of fee payment: 3

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Ref document number: 4312988

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120522

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120522

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120522

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130522

Year of fee payment: 4

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130522

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130522

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130522

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140522

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term