JP4289895B2 - Directly spun drawn yarn made of high-shrinkage polyester fiber and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Directly spun drawn yarn made of high-shrinkage polyester fiber and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4289895B2
JP4289895B2 JP2003025324A JP2003025324A JP4289895B2 JP 4289895 B2 JP4289895 B2 JP 4289895B2 JP 2003025324 A JP2003025324 A JP 2003025324A JP 2003025324 A JP2003025324 A JP 2003025324A JP 4289895 B2 JP4289895 B2 JP 4289895B2
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shrinkage
roller
polyester fiber
yarn
fabric
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JP2004232159A (en
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啓太 勝間
寿一 勝井
松美 田中
郁夫 冨坂
正信 宮田
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KB Seiren Ltd
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KB Seiren Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、異収縮混繊糸の一成分として用いるに適した熱水収縮率と乾熱収縮応力を持つ高収縮ポリエステル繊維と、該高収縮ポリエステル繊維を直接紡糸延伸法にて安価に効率良く生産する製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、異収縮混繊糸に適した高収縮ポリエステルは、例えば特許文献1や特許文献2などに記載される如く、2,2−ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステル繊維が使用されている。これらは、いずれも紡糸後一旦未延伸糸を巻き取り、延伸する所謂コンベンショナル法で製造されたものである。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開昭58−28374号公報
【特許文献2】
特公平7−59770号公報
【0004】
かかる高収縮ポリエステル繊維は、収縮性能は良好なものの、コンベンショナル法であるがために、巻取形状はコップ巻きであり、内層と外層での収縮斑が発生するという問題があった。また、コンベンショナル法では生産コストが掛かるため近年の効率化には対応できなくなっている。
【0005】
この様な問題点を解消するため、たとえば特許文献3では高収縮繊維を直接紡糸延伸法(SPD法)にて製造し、異収縮混繊糸とすることが記載されている。
【0006】
【特許文献3】
特開平7−207541号公報
【0007】
しかしながら、かかるSPD法で製造する場合は、延伸後の熱セットをローラー上で行うので、繊維はローラー上で熱緩和され繊維中の非晶鎖配向度が低下して、乾熱収縮応力に乏しい繊維しか得ることが出来ないという問題があった。
【0008】
かかる問題を解消する為に、特許文献4、特許文献5、特許文献6の如く、SPD法において、延伸熱処理後の最終加熱ローラーと巻取り機の間に、加熱或いは非加熱第3ローラーを設置する方法が提案されている。
【0009】
【特許文献4】
特開平6−116811号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平6−235119号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平7−70821号公報
【0010】
かかる方法によると、乾熱収縮応力値は格段に向上するが、延伸熱セット後に張力が付与されるので、第3ローラーと巻取り機の間でリラックスしても繊維中の残留歪の為に、巻取形状が悪化するという問題や、製造中の微小な巻取り張力変動で糸切れが発生する等の問題が生じた。更に、装置が大型化するため一般的な設備には対応が困難であるという問題もあった。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者等は、かかる従来技術の問題点を解消し、布帛とした際に高品位でふくらみ感の優れたものを得るのに好適な異収縮混繊糸に適した高収縮ポリエステル繊維を得ることを目的とする。さらに、前記繊維を直接紡糸延伸法において、巻き締まり無く、巻き形状に優れ、操業安定性を得る製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステル繊維からなり、ポリエステル繊維の熱水収縮率(BWS)が20〜40%であり、乾熱収縮応力(Sp)が200〜330〔mg/dtex〕であり、乾熱収縮応力が最大となる乾熱温度(Tp)が120〜140〔℃〕である物性の直接紡糸延伸糸を要旨とする。また、前記直接紡糸延伸糸を生産する際の有用な製造方法であって、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステルを紡糸口金から吐出し冷却した後、加熱した第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)に導き、次いでテーパー率が2〜4%の熱セット用第2ゴデッドローラー(GR2)にて延伸熱セットし巻き取る高収縮ポリエステル繊維の製造方法を要旨とする。
特に、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステルを紡糸口金から吐出し冷却固化後の繊維を張力制御用プリテンションローラー(PTR)に導き、次いで加熱した第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)に導き、GR1/PTR周速比=1.01〜1.05として、次いでテーパー率が2〜4%の熱セット用第2ゴデッドローラー(GR2)にて延伸熱セットし巻き取り、20≦BWS〔%〕≦40かつ、200≦Sp〔mg/dtex〕≦330かつ、120≦Tp〔℃〕≦140である高収縮率ポリエステル繊維を製造すると、直接紡糸延伸法においても、繊維中の残留歪も生じず、巻取形状が悪化することもないため、布帛とした後も経筋がなく、布帛の品位を保つことができ、かつ収縮特性もよくふくらみ感に富んだ風合いの優れたものを、効率良く容易に得ることができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明の直接紡糸延伸糸は、第3成分を共重合した高収縮ポリエステル繊維からなる。共重合する第3成分は、たとえば、ジエチレングリコール、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン、1,4−ブタンジオールなどのジオール化合物、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、イソフタル酸などのカルボン酸化合物などがあげられる。
なかでも、共重合する第3成分は、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステルとするものが好ましい。この場合、両成分の共重合比率は特に限定するものではないが、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパンはアルコール成分中に2〜6mol%、イソフタル酸は4〜8mol%とするのが好ましい。すなわち、熱収縮率及び収縮力を十分発現させる点からは、2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパンの含有量を2mol%以上が好ましく、また、ポリマーの耐光性による変色を避ける点では6mol%以下が好ましい。また、イソフタル酸の含有量は、収縮率を十分に満足させる点では4mol%以上が好ましく、ポリマーの融点及び耐熱性を保ちやすいという点では8mol%以が好ましい。また、芳香族ポリエステルの主成分はテレフタル酸とエチレングリコールよりなるポリエステルであるが、その他の成分として染色性改善のモノマーや耐熱性改良の化合物等を含有してもよい。
【0014】
また、本発明の高収縮ポリエステル繊維からなる直接紡糸延伸糸の熱水収縮率(BWS)は、20〜40%であることが必要である。20%未満では、異収縮混繊糸に使用した場合、低収縮糸との収縮差が十分に得られず、布帛の膨らみ感の乏しいものとなる。また、40%を超える場合、布帛加工中での不均一収縮等のトラブルが発生する。
【0015】
また、本発明の高収縮ポリエステル繊維からなる直接紡糸延伸糸の乾熱収縮応力値(Sp)は、200〜330mg/dtexである。200mg/dtex未満では、織編物組織による拘束によって十分な収縮性能が出ず布帛は膨らみ感の乏しいものとなる。また、330mg/dtexを超えるものは、織編物の品位に問題がある。すなわち、330mg/dtexを超えるものは、直接紡糸延伸法により製造することは非常に困難であり、製造するためには、繊維の伸度を低下させるか巻き取り張力を大幅に高くする必要がある。このような場合、巻き取り性は不安定となり、巻き形状が非常に悪くなる。この結果、収縮特性が良好であっても、織編物などの布帛とした際に、経筋が目立ち、品位の悪いものしか得ることができない。
なお、従来の紡糸巻取り―延伸の2段階工程(コンベンショナル法)では、乾熱収縮応力値の高い繊維を容易に製造することが可能であり布帛とした際に膨らみ感を得ることができるが、本発明は、直接紡糸延伸糸を上記の範囲内に設定することにより直接紡糸延伸法においてもコンベショナル法と同等以上の膨らみ感を得ることができ、さらにはコンベンショナル法にみられるようなパーン曳けに起因する繊維の収縮斑もなく高品位のものが効率良く得られる。
【0016】
一方、本発明の高収縮ポリエステル繊維からなる直接紡糸延伸糸の乾熱収縮応力最大温度は120〜140℃であることが好ましい。120℃未満では、布帛のリラックス加工中に速く収縮し過ぎて、染色時に更に収縮する力が失われる為に膨らみ感の乏しいものとなる。140℃を超える場合、リラックス、染色加工中に最大収縮性能を得ることができないために、膨らみ感の乏しいものとなる。
【0017】
本発明の高収縮ポリエステル糸は直接紡糸延伸法(SPD法)によって得られるものであるが、SPD法の利点である優れた生産性を保ったまま、得られた高収縮ポリエステル繊維の物性を本発明範囲に特定する為には工夫が必要である。以下図面を用いて具体的な例を説明する。
【0018】
図1に本発明の高収縮ポリエステル繊維を製造するに適した直接紡糸延伸装置の概要を示す。溶融した第3成分を共重合した高収縮ポリエステルは、図1の紡糸口金1より吐出し、冷却装置2にて冷却し、油剤付与装置3にて油剤を付与し、ガイド4を経てプリテンションローラー5に導かれる。プリテンションローラー径は特に限定するものではないが、設備の大型化を防ぐ為にゴデッドローラー6よりも小さくすることが好ましい。プリテンションローラー5には、このポリエステル繊維を1.5回周巻き付け、第1ゴデッドローラー6に導く。第1ゴデッドローラー6にてガラス転移点以上の延伸温度を付与し、第2ゴデッドローラー7との間で延伸し、第2ゴデッドローラー7にて熱セットを施し、インターレースノズル8にて空気交絡処理を施した後、巻取機9にて巻き取る。
【0019】
本発明のような異収縮混繊に適した高収縮ポリエステルの場合、織編物中での収縮力の発現を最大限に引き出すためには、単糸繊度が大きめの銘柄が有用である。その場合、一般的な直接紡糸延伸方法で巻き取ると高収縮性に起因する、巻き締まりやボビン形状悪化現象が生じ易い。また、巻き締まりや形状悪化を防ぐために巻取り張力を低下させると、糸タルミから第2ゴデッドローラーに糸が取られて糸切れが発生することがある。本発明者等はこれらを防止するために、プリテンションローラーを用いている。
【0020】
尚、プリテンションローラーは高収縮ポリエステル繊維からなる直接紡糸延伸糸を製造するにおいて、全ての単糸繊度、フィラメント構成に適応可能であるが、単糸繊度が3デシテックスを超える場合に使用するのが好ましい。単糸繊度が3デシテックス以下の場合、プリテンションローラーを使用しても何ら問題はないが、使用してもしなくても繊維物性や生産性に相違はないため、極力使用を控えるのが生産の煩雑さを無くすためには良い。
【0021】
ここで、第1ゴデッドローラー6の周速/プリテンションローラー5の周速比は1.01〜1.05と設定するのがよい。すなわち、巻き締まりやボビン形状悪化現象を改善する点からは1.01以上が好ましく、また、冷延伸によるネッキングの発現から繊度斑発生や糸切れを防止する点からは1.05以下が好ましい。
【0022】
次に、本発明の重要な点は第2ゴデッドローラー7のローラーシェルにテーパーローラーを使用することである。テーパーローラーの概要は図2に示した通りであり、ローラーシェル11の根元から外側に向かって徐々に径が増加する。テーパー率は、図2に示したローラー長さLと根元径H1と最大径H2とから下記式にて算出されるものである。
テーパー率(%)=(H2−H1)/L×100
【0023】
このテーパー率は2〜4%であるのがよい。2%未満であれば、第2ゴデッドローラー上での熱セット時に非晶部分の緩和が大きく、乾熱収縮応力値の乏しい繊維となる。また、4%を超えると第2ゴデッドローラー上での張力が高くなり、糸切れが発生するので安定的に製造できない。
【0024】
また、高収縮ポリエステル繊維の巻取り張力は特に限定するものではないが、巻き形状、品質を維持する点から0.15g/dtex〜0.27g/dtexとするのが好ましい。すなわち、巻取り張力が低すぎると、糸切れが発生しやすくなる傾向があるため、第2ゴデッドローラーに繊維が取られて糸切れが発生するおそれがある。よって、糸切れ防止の点からは0.15g/dtex以上が好ましい。また巻取り張力が高すぎると、巻き締まりにより巻き取り機又はボビンが抜けなくなるか、形状が悪化する可能性がある。よって、巻き締まりを防止し、形状を適度に保つ点からは、0.27g/dtex以下が好ましい。
【0025】
また、上記の物性を得るためにはGR2温度を90〜115℃と設定すると好適である。GR2温度が低すぎると、BWSが40%を超え易く、また乾熱収縮応力最大温度が120℃未満となり易い。また、GR2温度が高すぎると、BWSは20%未満となり易く、乾熱収縮応力最大温度が140℃を超えやすい傾向がある。
【0026】
なお、GR1温度は、使用する第3成分共重合ポリエステルのガラス転移温度±5℃を採用するのが均一延伸の為には好ましい。
【0027】
本発明の製造方法によれば、直接紡糸延伸糸においても、熱収縮率が高く、乾熱収縮応力が適度であり、最大乾熱収縮温度が布帛の加工温度に適合した高収縮ポリエステル繊維を得ることができる。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
本発明の高収縮ポリエステル繊維からなる直接紡糸延伸糸は、低収縮繊維と異収縮混繊した場合、加工工程中で効率良く最大限の収縮性能を得ることができ、収縮斑もない。したがって、この異収縮混繊糸を用いた織物・編物などの布帛は高品位で膨らみ感に富んだ優れた風合いを発現できる。また、直接紡糸延伸法にて製造するため低コストで均一の品質を有する。さらに、本発明の構成により従来の直接紡糸延伸装置に小型のプリテンションローラーを設置し、ゴデッドローラーのシェルをテーパーローラーに交換するだけで製造されるため、装置は大型化せずとも紡糸操業性は安定する。
【0029】
【実施例】
以下、実施例によって本発明を更に詳しく説明する。尚、以下の実施例のおける特性値は、次に示す方法によって測定したものである。
【0030】
(1)極限粘度
極限粘度[η]は、フェノール/テトラクロロエタン=6/4の混合溶剤中20℃にて常法により測定した。
【0031】
(2)熱水収縮率(BWS)
荷重を2mg/dtex掛けた試料長500mmの糸を沸騰水中に15分間浸漬し、次いで風乾した後に次式により収縮率を求める。
BWS(%)=(初期試料長―収縮後の試料長)/初期試料長×100
【0032】
(3)乾熱収縮応力(Sp)及びピーク温度(Tp)
カネボウエンジニアリング製の熱応力測定機KE−2Sを用い、試料長を100m、初期荷重として1/50g/dtex掛け、120℃/分の昇温速度で室温から250℃まで昇温した場合の温度に対する応力の曲線を描き、最大応力値をSp(mg/dtex)とし、その時の温度をTp(℃)とした。
【0033】
(4)紡糸生産性
紡糸時の完全ボビン率が50%未満の場合を×、50%〜80%を△、80%以上の場合を○として評価した。
【0034】
(5)織物風合い
84dtex/25fの低収縮複合加工糸(熱水収縮率=2〜3%)と、高収縮ポリエステル繊維をエアー交絡処理して異収縮混繊糸を製造し経糸とした。緯糸には、84dtex/36fの通常糸を用いて織物を製織した。該織物を常法により、染色加工して得られた布帛にて、経糸方向の収縮性能が良好で膨らみ感のある布帛を○、膨らみ感はあるが経筋等の収縮斑があるものを△、収縮性能が不良で膨らみ感の無い物を×、として評価した。
【0035】
(実施例1)
テレフタル酸を主成分として酸成分に対しイソフタル酸を5mol%添加し、エチレングリコールとグリコール成分に対し2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパンを5mol%添加して常法により重合し、極限粘度[η]=0.686の高収縮ポリエステルを得た。該高収縮ポリエステルチップを乾燥後、280℃で溶融し、図1記載の紡糸口金1から吐出後、冷却して油剤を付与して周速度903m/分のプリテンションローラー(PTR)5に導き1.5回巻き付けた。更に、表面温度80℃で周速度930m/分の第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)6に6.5回巻き付けた。GR1/PTRの比率は1.03であった。次に、表面温度102℃で周速度3530m/分の第2ゴデッドローラー(GR2)7とGR1の間で延伸しGR2にて熱セットを施した。GR2にはテーパー率4%のテーパーローラーを使用した。その後、巻取り機9にて巻取り張力0.23g/dtexにて巻き取り33dtex/6fの高収縮ポリエステル繊維を得た。該ポリエステル繊維の収縮特性は表1記載の通りであった。紡糸生産性は良好であった。また、別に84dtex/25fの低収縮複合加工糸(熱水収縮率=2〜3%)を製造し、該高収縮ポリエステル繊維とエアー交絡処理した異収縮混繊糸を経糸とし、緯糸には、84dtex/36fのポリエステル繊維を用いて織物を製織した。該織物を常法により染色加工したところ、該織物の風合いは膨らみ感に富み、良好であった。
【0036】
(実施例2)
GR1/PTR比率、巻取り張力を表1記載に設定し、実施例1と同様の方法で紡糸したところ表1記載の収縮特性が得られた。紡糸生産性はいずれも良好であり、異収縮混繊織物の風合いは良好であった。
【0037】
(実施例3)
GR2のテーパー率、巻取り張力を表1記載に設定し、実施例1と同様の方法で紡糸したところ表1記載の収縮特性が得られた。紡糸生産性はいずれも良好であり、異収縮混繊織物の風合いは良好であった。
【0038】
(実施例4)
GR2の温度を、115℃とする以外は実施例1と同様の方法で紡糸し、表1記載の巻取り張力にて巻き取った。表1記載の収縮特性等を表1に示す。紡糸生産性、異収縮混繊織物の風合いは良好であった。
【0039】
(実施例5)
実施例1と同様に高収縮ポリエステルを溶融吐出し、冷却後油剤を付与してプリテンションローラーを経由せずに、表面温度78℃で周速度1070m/分の第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)に6.5回巻き付けた。次に、表面温度102℃で周速度3600m/分の第2ゴデッドローラー(GR2)とGR1の間で延伸しGR2にて熱セットを施した。GR2にはテーパー率4%のテーパーローラーを使用した。その後巻き取り機にて巻き取り張力0.18g/dtexにて巻き取り33dtex/12fの高収縮ポリエステル繊維を得た。該高収縮ポリエステル繊維の収縮特性は本発明範囲であり、生産性は良好であり、織物は膨らみ感に富む品位の良いものであった。
【0040】
(実施例6)
実施例5とは、プリテンションローラーをGR1/PTR=1.01にて使用する以外は同様にして33dtex/12fの高収縮ポリエステル繊維を得た。表1記載の収縮特性が得られ、生産性織物品位いずれも良好であった。
【0041】
(比較例1)
GR2に通常のストレートローラーを用い、巻取り張力を表1に記載のように変更する以外は実施例1と同様に紡糸し表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。紡糸操業性は良好なるも、Sp値が本発明範囲外であり織物の風合いは膨らみ感に乏しく不良であった。
【0042】
(比較例2)
GR1/PTRの周速比を1.06として紡糸したところ、GR1〜GR2間の延伸ゾーンで糸切れが発生し巻き取ることが出来なかった。
【0043】
(実施例7)
GR1/PTRの周速比を1.005として実施例1と同様の方法で紡糸し表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。得られた織物の風合いは膨らみ感があって良好なるが、紡糸時にGR2と巻き取り機の間での糸切れが多く、生産性は不良であった。
【0044】
(比較例3)
GR2のテーパー率が5%のテーパーローラーを用いて、実施例1と同様に紡糸し表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。GR2にて糸切れが多発し、巻き取る事が出来なかった。
【0045】
(比較例4)
GR2温度を90℃とする以外は、実施例1と同様に紡糸し、表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。BWSが本発明範囲を超え、織物の収縮性は大きかったが、織物は収縮斑による経筋が多く品位は悪いものであった。
【0046】
(比較例5)
GR2温度を120℃とする以外は実施例1と同様に紡糸し、表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。BWSが本発明範囲未満であり、織物の収縮性能は悪く不良であった。
【0047】
(比較例6)
GR2速度を3600m/分とする以外は実施例1と同様に紡糸し表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。Sp値が本発明範囲を超えており、織物の収縮性能は良好であったが経筋が多く品位は悪かった。
【0048】
(比較例7)
紡糸張力を0.28g/dtexとする以外は実施例1と同様に紡糸し表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。Tp値が本発明範囲未満であり、染色加工時の収縮速度は速いが一旦収縮後に伸長する為に、織物の風合いは不良であった。
【0049】
(比較例8)
GR2速度を3500m/分とし、GR2温度を120℃とする以外は実施例1と同様に紡糸し、表1記載の巻き取り張力にて巻き取った。Tp値が本発明範囲を超えており、織物の収縮速度が遅く風合いは不良であった。
【0050】
(比較例9)
紡糸口金より高収縮ポリエステルを溶融押出しして油剤を付与するまでは実施例1と同様に行い、巻き取り速度1500m/分にて、未延伸高収縮ポリエステル繊維を得た。その後、延伸工程にて延伸温度80℃として延伸倍率3.06で延伸し、100℃にて熱セットを行いコップ状に1000m/分にて巻き取った。織物の膨らみ感はあるが、収縮斑が発生し品位は良くなかった。
【0051】
上記の実施例及び比較例の結果を表1に示す。
【0052】
【表1】

Figure 0004289895

【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の高収縮ポリエステル繊維を製造するに用いる直接紡糸延伸装置の概略図である。
【図2】図1記載の第2ゴデッドローラー7に使用する、テーパーローラーを横から見た図面である。
【符号の説明】
1 紡糸口金
2 冷却装置
3 油剤付与装置
4 ガイド
5 プリテンションローラー(PTR)
6 第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)
7 第2ゴデッドローラー(GR2)
8 インターレ―スノズル
9 巻取り機
10 GR2駆動モーター
11 GR2ローラーシェル
L ローラー長さ
H1 ローラー根元径
H2 ローラー最大径[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high shrinkage polyester fiber having a hot water shrinkage rate and a dry heat shrinkage stress suitable for use as a component of different shrinkage mixed fiber, and the high shrinkage polyester fiber at low cost and efficiently by a direct spinning drawing method. The present invention relates to a manufacturing method to produce.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, high-shrinkage polyesters suitable for different shrinkage mixed yarns include 2,2-bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, for example. Alternatively, polyester fiber copolymerized with isophthalic acid is used. These are all manufactured by a so-called conventional method in which an undrawn yarn is once wound and drawn after spinning.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 58-28374 A [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-59770 [0004]
Although such a high shrinkage polyester fiber has a good shrinkage performance but is a conventional method, the winding shape is a cup winding, and there is a problem that shrinkage spots are generated in the inner layer and the outer layer. In addition, the conventional method requires a production cost, and thus cannot cope with the recent increase in efficiency.
[0005]
In order to solve such problems, for example, Patent Document 3 describes that a high shrinkage fiber is produced by a direct spinning drawing method (SPD method) to obtain a different shrinkage mixed yarn.
[0006]
[Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-207541
However, in the case of producing by the SPD method, since the heat setting after stretching is performed on the roller, the fiber is thermally relaxed on the roller, the degree of amorphous chain orientation in the fiber is lowered, and the dry heat shrinkage stress is poor. There was a problem that only fibers could be obtained.
[0008]
In order to solve this problem, as in Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5, and Patent Document 6, in the SPD method, a heated or non-heated third roller is installed between the final heating roller after the stretching heat treatment and the winder. A method has been proposed.
[0009]
[Patent Document 4]
JP-A-6-116811 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-6-235119 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-7-70821
According to such a method, the dry heat shrinkage stress value is remarkably improved, but since tension is applied after stretching heat setting, even if relaxing between the third roller and the winder, the residual strain in the fiber Problems such as deterioration of the winding shape and occurrence of thread breakage due to minute fluctuations in winding tension during production occurred. Furthermore, since the apparatus is increased in size, there is a problem that it is difficult to cope with general facilities.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present inventors have solved the problems of the prior art and obtained a high-shrinkage polyester fiber suitable for a different shrinkage mixed yarn suitable for obtaining a high-quality and excellent swell when used as a fabric. For the purpose. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a production method in which the above-mentioned fibers are directly spun and drawn without being tightly wound, excellent in winding shape and obtaining operational stability.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention comprises a polyester fiber copolymerized with 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or isophthalic acid, and the hot water shrinkage (BWS) of the polyester fiber is 20 to 40%. Yes, direct spinning drawn yarn having physical properties of dry heat shrinkage stress (Sp) of 200 to 330 [mg / dtex] and dry heat temperature (Tp) of 120 to 140 [° C.] at which the dry heat shrinkage stress is maximized Is the gist. In addition, it is a useful production method for producing the above-mentioned directly spun drawn yarn, and a polyester copolymerized with 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or isophthalic acid is obtained from a spinneret. High-shrinkage polyester that is discharged and cooled, then led to the heated first goded roller (GR1), and then stretched and heat-set by a second goded roller (GR2) for heat setting with a taper ratio of 2 to 4%. The gist of the fiber manufacturing method.
In particular, the polyester after copolymerization of 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or isophthalic acid is discharged from the spinneret, and the cooled and solidified fiber is used as a tension control pretension roller (PTR). Then, it is led to the heated first goded roller (GR1), and the GR1 / PTR peripheral speed ratio = 1.01 to 1.05, and then the second goded roller for heat setting with a taper ratio of 2 to 4% ( GR2) is stretched and heat-set and wound to produce a high shrinkage polyester fiber with 20 ≦ BWS [%] ≦ 40 and 200 ≦ Sp [mg / dtex] ≦ 330 and 120 ≦ Tp [° C.] ≦ 140. Then, even in the direct spinning drawing method, there is no residual strain in the fiber and the winding shape does not deteriorate, so there is no warp even after making the fabric, and the quality of the fabric is maintained. Bets can be, and what shrinkage properties excellent texture rich in good swelling feeling, can be obtained efficiently easily.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below. The directly spun drawn yarn of the present invention comprises a high shrinkage polyester fiber copolymerized with a third component. The third component to be copolymerized is, for example, diol compounds such as diethylene glycol, 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane, 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid, azelaic acid, isophthalic acid, etc. Examples thereof include carboxylic acid compounds.
Among these, the third component to be copolymerized is preferably a polyester obtained by copolymerizing 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or isophthalic acid. In this case, the copolymerization ratio of both components is not particularly limited, but 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane is 2 to 6 mol% in the alcohol component, and isophthalic acid is 4 to 8 mol. % Is preferable. That is, the content of 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane is preferably 2 mol% or more from the viewpoint of sufficiently expressing the heat shrinkage rate and the shrinkage force, and the discoloration due to the light resistance of the polymer. Is preferably 6 mol% or less. The content of isophthalic acid, from the viewpoint of sufficiently satisfying shrinkage is preferably at least 4 mol%, preferably 8 mol% or less under the viewpoint of easily keeping the melting point and heat resistance of the polymer. The main component of the aromatic polyester is a polyester composed of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, but other components may include a dyeability improving monomer and a heat resistance improving compound.
[0014]
Further, the hot water shrinkage (BWS) of the directly spun drawn yarn made of the high shrinkage polyester fiber of the present invention needs to be 20 to 40%. If it is less than 20%, when it is used as a different shrinkage mixed yarn, a sufficient difference in shrinkage from the low shrinkage yarn cannot be obtained, and the swell feeling of the fabric becomes poor. On the other hand, when it exceeds 40%, troubles such as non-uniform shrinkage during fabric processing occur.
[0015]
Further, the dry heat shrinkage stress value (Sp) of the directly spun drawn yarn made of the high shrinkage polyester fiber of the present invention is 200 to 330 mg / dtex. If it is less than 200 mg / dtex, sufficient shrinkage performance does not occur due to restraint by the woven or knitted fabric structure, and the fabric has a poor feeling of swelling. Moreover, what exceeds 330 mg / dtex has a problem in the quality of the woven or knitted fabric. That is, those exceeding 330 mg / dtex are very difficult to manufacture by the direct spinning drawing method, and in order to manufacture, it is necessary to reduce the elongation of the fiber or significantly increase the winding tension. . In such a case, the winding property becomes unstable and the winding shape becomes very bad. As a result, even if the shrinkage characteristics are good, when the fabric is made of woven or knitted fabric, warps are conspicuous and only those of poor quality can be obtained.
In the conventional two-step process (spinning method) of winding and drawing (conventional method), it is possible to easily produce a fiber having a high dry heat shrinkage stress value, and it is possible to obtain a feeling of swelling when used as a fabric. In the present invention, by setting the direct spinning drawn yarn within the above range, the direct spinning drawing method can obtain a swell feeling equal to or higher than that of the conventional method, and further, the panning as seen in the conventional method. A high-quality product can be obtained efficiently without contraction of the fibers caused by the burn.
[0016]
On the other hand, the dry heat shrinkage stress maximum temperature of the directly spun drawn yarn comprising the high shrinkage polyester fiber of the present invention is preferably 120 to 140 ° C. If it is less than 120 ° C., the fabric contracts too quickly during the relaxation process of the fabric, and the force of further contracting is lost during dyeing, resulting in poor swelling. When the temperature exceeds 140 ° C., the maximum shrinkage performance cannot be obtained during the relaxation and dyeing process, and thus the feeling of swelling is poor.
[0017]
The high-shrinkage polyester yarn of the present invention is obtained by the direct spinning and drawing method (SPD method). The physical properties of the obtained high-shrinkage polyester fiber are maintained while maintaining the excellent productivity that is the advantage of the SPD method. In order to specify the scope of the invention, a device is necessary. Specific examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a direct spinning / drawing apparatus suitable for producing the high-shrinkage polyester fiber of the present invention. The high-shrinkage polyester obtained by copolymerizing the melted third component is discharged from the spinneret 1 of FIG. 1, cooled by the cooling device 2, applied with the oil agent by the oil agent applying device 3, passed through the guide 4, and pre-tension roller Guided to 5. The diameter of the pretension roller is not particularly limited, but is preferably smaller than the goded roller 6 in order to prevent the equipment from becoming large. The polyester fiber is wound around the pretension roller 5 by 1.5 turns and guided to the first goded roller 6. A stretching temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition point is given by the first goded roller 6, stretched between the second goded roller 7, heat set by the second goded roller 7, and the interlace nozzle 8. After performing the air entanglement process, it is wound up by a winder 9.
[0019]
In the case of a high shrinkage polyester suitable for different shrinkage blends as in the present invention, a brand having a large single yarn fineness is useful in order to maximize the expression of shrinkage force in the woven or knitted fabric. In that case, when winding is performed by a general direct spinning drawing method, winding tightening or a bobbin shape deterioration phenomenon due to high shrinkage tends to occur. Further, when the winding tension is lowered in order to prevent winding tightening and shape deterioration, the yarn may be taken from the yarn talmi to the second goded roller, and yarn breakage may occur. In order to prevent these problems, the present inventors use a pretension roller.
[0020]
The pretension roller can be applied to all single yarn finenesses and filament configurations in the production of directly spun drawn yarns made of high-shrinkage polyester fibers, but it is used when the single yarn fineness exceeds 3 dtex. preferable. When the single yarn fineness is 3 decitex or less, there is no problem even if a pretension roller is used, but there is no difference in fiber properties and productivity even if it is not used. It is good for eliminating complexity.
[0021]
Here, the peripheral speed ratio of the first goded roller 6 / the peripheral speed of the pretension roller 5 is preferably set to 1.01 to 1.05. That is, 1.01 or more is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the winding tightening and the bobbin shape deterioration phenomenon, and 1.05 or less is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the occurrence of fineness spots and yarn breakage due to the occurrence of necking by cold drawing.
[0022]
Next, an important point of the present invention is to use a tapered roller for the roller shell of the second goded roller 7. The outline of the tapered roller is as shown in FIG. 2, and the diameter gradually increases from the root of the roller shell 11 toward the outside. The taper rate is calculated by the following equation from the roller length L, the root diameter H1, and the maximum diameter H2 shown in FIG.
Taper rate (%) = (H2−H1) / L × 100
[0023]
The taper ratio is preferably 2 to 4%. If it is less than 2%, the relaxation of the amorphous part is large during heat setting on the second goded roller, and the fiber has a poor dry heat shrinkage stress value. On the other hand, if it exceeds 4%, the tension on the second goded roller becomes high and thread breakage occurs, so that stable production cannot be achieved.
[0024]
The winding tension of the high-shrinkage polyester fiber is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.15 g / dtex to 0.27 g / dtex from the viewpoint of maintaining the winding shape and quality. That is, if the take-up tension is too low, yarn breakage tends to occur, and therefore fibers may be taken up by the second goded roller, which may cause yarn breakage. Therefore, 0.15 g / dtex or more is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing yarn breakage. On the other hand, if the winding tension is too high, the winding machine or bobbin may not come off due to tightening or the shape may deteriorate. Therefore, 0.27 g / dtex or less is preferable from the standpoint of preventing winding tightening and keeping the shape moderate.
[0025]
Moreover, in order to obtain said physical property, it is suitable to set GR2 temperature as 90-115 degreeC. If the GR2 temperature is too low, the BWS tends to exceed 40% and the maximum dry heat shrinkage stress temperature tends to be less than 120 ° C. If the GR2 temperature is too high, the BWS tends to be less than 20% and the maximum dry heat shrinkage stress temperature tends to exceed 140 ° C.
[0026]
As the GR1 temperature, it is preferable to adopt the glass transition temperature ± 5 ° C. of the third component copolyester to be used for uniform stretching.
[0027]
According to the production method of the present invention, a high-shrinkage polyester fiber having a high heat shrinkage rate, a moderate dry heat shrinkage stress, and a maximum dry heat shrinkage temperature suitable for the processing temperature of the fabric can be obtained even with a direct spun drawn yarn. be able to.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
The directly spun drawn yarn made of the high shrinkage polyester fiber of the present invention can efficiently obtain the maximum shrinkage performance in the processing step when there is a different shrinkage blend with the low shrinkage fiber, and there is no shrinkage spot. Therefore, fabrics such as woven fabrics and knitted fabrics using the different shrinkage mixed yarn can exhibit an excellent texture with high quality and rich swell. Moreover, since it is manufactured by the direct spinning drawing method, it has a uniform quality at a low cost. In addition, according to the configuration of the present invention, since a small pre-tension roller is installed in a conventional direct spinning drawing apparatus and the shell of the goded roller is replaced with a tapered roller, the spinning operation can be performed without increasing the size of the apparatus. Sex is stable.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. The characteristic values in the following examples are measured by the following method.
[0030]
(1) Intrinsic viscosity Intrinsic viscosity [η] was measured by a conventional method at 20 ° C. in a mixed solvent of phenol / tetrachloroethane = 6/4.
[0031]
(2) Hot water shrinkage (BWS)
A yarn having a sample length of 500 mm multiplied by a load of 2 mg / dtex is immersed in boiling water for 15 minutes and then air-dried, and then the shrinkage is obtained by the following equation.
BWS (%) = (initial sample length−sample length after shrinkage) / initial sample length × 100
[0032]
(3) Dry heat shrinkage stress (Sp) and peak temperature (Tp)
Using Kanebo Engineering's thermal stress measuring machine KE-2S, the sample length is 100 mm , the initial load is multiplied by 1/50 g / dtex, and the temperature is raised from room temperature to 250 ° C. at a rate of 120 ° C./min. A stress curve was drawn, the maximum stress value was Sp (mg / dtex), and the temperature at that time was Tp (° C.).
[0033]
(4) Spinning productivity The case where the complete bobbin rate during spinning was less than 50% was evaluated as x, 50% to 80% was evaluated as Δ, and the case where it was 80% or more was evaluated as ○.
[0034]
(5) Low shrinkage composite processed yarn (hot water shrinkage = 2 to 3%) of fabric texture 84 dtex / 25f and high shrinkage polyester fiber were subjected to air entanglement treatment to produce a different shrinkage mixed yarn, which was used as a warp. The weft was woven using a normal yarn of 84 dtex / 36f. A fabric obtained by dyeing the woven fabric according to a conventional method, a fabric having a good shrinkage performance in the warp direction and having a bulge feeling, and a fabric having a bulge feeling but having contraction spots such as warps △ A product having poor shrinkage performance and having no feeling of swelling was evaluated as x.
[0035]
Example 1
Add terephthalic acid as the main component and add 5 mol% of isophthalic acid to the acid component, and add 5 mol% of 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane to the ethylene glycol and glycol components. Polymerization was performed to obtain a highly shrinkable polyester having an intrinsic viscosity [η] = 0.686. The high-shrinkage polyester chip is dried, melted at 280 ° C., discharged from the spinneret 1 shown in FIG. 1, cooled, applied with an oil, and led to a pre-tension roller (PTR) 5 with a peripheral speed of 903 m / min. Wound 5 times. Further, it was wound 6.5 times around the first goded roller (GR1) 6 at a surface temperature of 80 ° C. and a peripheral speed of 930 m / min. The ratio of GR1 / PTR was 1.03. Next, it extended | stretched between the 2nd Godged roller (GR2) 7 and GR1 with the surface temperature of 102 degreeC, and the peripheral speed of 3530 m / min, and heat-set with GR2. A taper roller having a taper ratio of 4% was used for GR2. Then, the high tension polyester fiber of 33 dtex / 6f of winding was obtained with the winding tension | tensile_strength of 0.23 g / dtex with the winder 9. FIG. The shrinkage characteristics of the polyester fiber were as shown in Table 1. Spinning productivity was good. Separately, 84 dtex / 25f low shrinkage composite processed yarn (hot water shrinkage = 2 to 3%) was manufactured, and the high shrinkage polyester fiber and the different shrinkage mixed yarn treated by air entanglement were used as warps. A woven fabric was woven using 84 dtex / 36 f of polyester fiber. When the woven fabric was dyed and processed by a conventional method, the texture of the woven fabric was excellent in a feeling of swelling.
[0036]
(Example 2)
When the GR1 / PTR ratio and the winding tension were set as shown in Table 1, and spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, the shrinkage characteristics shown in Table 1 were obtained. The spinning productivity was good, and the texture of the different shrinkage mixed fiber fabric was good.
[0037]
(Example 3)
When the taper ratio and winding tension of GR2 were set as shown in Table 1, and spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, the shrinkage characteristics shown in Table 1 were obtained. The spinning productivity was good, and the texture of the different shrinkage mixed fiber fabric was good.
[0038]
(Example 4)
Spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature of GR2 was 115 ° C., and winding was performed at the winding tension shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the shrinkage characteristics and the like described in Table 1. The spinning productivity and the texture of the different shrinkage mixed fabric were good.
[0039]
(Example 5)
In the same manner as in Example 1, the high shrinkage polyester was melted and discharged, and after cooling, the oil agent was applied to the first goded roller (GR1) at a surface temperature of 78 ° C. and a peripheral speed of 1070 m / min without passing through the pretension roller. Wound 6.5 times. Next, it extended | stretched between the 2nd Godged roller (GR2) and GR1 with the surface temperature of 102 degreeC, and the peripheral speed of 3600 m / min, and heat-set with GR2. A taper roller having a taper ratio of 4% was used for GR2. Thereafter, a highly shrinkable polyester fiber having a winding of 33 dtex / 12f was obtained with a winding machine at a winding tension of 0.18 g / dtex. The shrinkage characteristics of the high shrinkage polyester fiber were within the range of the present invention, the productivity was good, and the fabric was of good quality with a rich feeling of swelling.
[0040]
(Example 6)
A high shrinkage polyester fiber of 33 dtex / 12f was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the pretension roller was used at GR1 / PTR = 1.01. The shrinkage characteristics shown in Table 1 were obtained, and the productivity textile quality was good.
[0041]
(Comparative Example 1)
Spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a normal straight roller was used for GR2 and the winding tension was changed as shown in Table 1, and winding was performed at the winding tension shown in Table 1. Although the spinning operability was good, the Sp value was outside the range of the present invention, and the texture of the woven fabric was poor and poor.
[0042]
(Comparative Example 2)
When spinning was performed with a GR1 / PTR peripheral speed ratio of 1.06, yarn breakage occurred in the drawing zone between GR1 and GR2, and winding was not possible.
[0043]
(Example 7)
Spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 with a GR1 / PTR peripheral speed ratio of 1.005, and the film was wound at the winding tension shown in Table 1. The texture of the resulting woven fabric is good with a feeling of swelling, but there are many yarn breaks between GR2 and the winder during spinning, and the productivity was poor.
[0044]
(Comparative Example 3)
Using a taper roller with a GR2 taper ratio of 5%, spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 and wound up at the winding tension shown in Table 1. In GR2, yarn breakage occurred frequently and could not be wound.
[0045]
(Comparative Example 4)
Spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the GR2 temperature was 90 ° C., and wound at the winding tension shown in Table 1. BWS exceeded the range of the present invention, and the shrinkage of the fabric was great, but the fabric had many warps due to shrinkage spots and poor quality.
[0046]
(Comparative Example 5)
Spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the GR2 temperature was 120 ° C., and wound up at the winding tension shown in Table 1. BWS was less than the range of this invention, and the shrinkage | contraction performance of the textile was bad and was unsatisfactory.
[0047]
(Comparative Example 6)
Spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the GR2 speed was 3600 m / min, and wound at the winding tension shown in Table 1. The Sp value exceeded the range of the present invention, and the shrinkage performance of the fabric was good, but there were many warps and the quality was poor.
[0048]
(Comparative Example 7)
Spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spinning tension was 0.28 g / dtex, and wound at the winding tension shown in Table 1. Although the Tp value is less than the range of the present invention and the shrinkage speed at the time of dyeing is fast, the fabric feels poor because it once stretches after shrinkage.
[0049]
(Comparative Example 8)
Spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the GR2 speed was 3500 m / min, and the GR2 temperature was 120 ° C., and winding was performed at the winding tension shown in Table 1. The Tp value exceeded the range of the present invention, the shrinkage rate of the fabric was slow, and the texture was poor.
[0050]
(Comparative Example 9)
Until the high shrinkage polyester was melt-extruded from the spinneret and the oil agent was applied, it was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and unstretched high shrinkage polyester fibers were obtained at a winding speed of 1500 m / min. Thereafter, the film was stretched at a stretching temperature of 80 ° C. at a stretching ratio of 3.06 in the stretching process, heat set at 100 ° C., and wound into a cup at 1000 m / min. Although there was a feeling of swelling of the fabric, shrinkage spots occurred and the quality was not good.
[0051]
The results of the above examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
[0052]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004289895

[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a direct spinning drawing apparatus used for producing a high shrinkage polyester fiber of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a tapered roller used for the second goded roller 7 shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spinneret 2 Cooling device 3 Oil supply device 4 Guide 5 Pre-tension roller (PTR)
6 First Godled Roller (GR1)
7 Second Godled Roller (GR2)
8 Interlace nozzle 9 Winder 10 GR2 drive motor 11 GR2 roller shell L Roller length H1 Roller root diameter H2 Roller maximum diameter

Claims (4)

2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステル繊維からなり、ポリエステル繊維の熱水収縮率(BWS)が20〜40%であり、乾熱収縮応力(Sp)が200〜330〔mg/dtex〕であり、乾熱収縮応力が最大となる乾熱温度(Tp)が120〜140〔℃〕である直接紡糸延伸糸。It consists of polyester fiber copolymerized with 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or isophthalic acid, and the hot water shrinkage (BWS) of the polyester fiber is 20 to 40%, dry heat A direct-spun drawn yarn having a shrinkage stress (Sp) of 200 to 330 [mg / dtex] and a dry heat temperature (Tp) of 120 to 140 [° C.] at which the dry heat shrinkage stress is maximized. 2,2ビス[4−(2−ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン及び/又はイソフタル酸を共重合したポリエステルを紡糸口金から吐出し冷却した後、加熱した第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)に導き、次いでテーパー率が2〜4%の熱セット用第2ゴデッドローラー(GR2)にて、延伸熱セットし巻き取ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の直接紡糸延伸糸の製造方法。(但し、テーパー率とは(ローラー表面最大径―最小径)/ローラー長さ×100〔%〕) After the polyester copolymerized with 2,2bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] propane and / or isophthalic acid is discharged from the spinneret and cooled, it is led to the heated first goded roller (GR1), and then 2. The method for producing a directly spun drawn yarn according to claim 1 , wherein the heat drawn and set by a second heat-set second goded roller (GR2) having a taper ratio of 2 to 4%. (However, taper rate is (roller surface maximum diameter-minimum diameter) / roller length x 100 [%]) ポリエステルを紡糸口金から吐出し冷却した後、加熱した第1ゴデッドローラー(GR1)に導く前に、張力制御用プリテンションローラー(PTR)に導くことを特徴とする請求項記載の直接紡糸延伸糸の製造方法。 3. The direct spinning drawing according to claim 2 , wherein after the polyester is discharged from the spinneret and cooled, it is led to a tension control pre-tension roller (PTR) before being led to the heated first goded roller (GR1). Yarn manufacturing method. 90〜115℃で延伸熱セットし巻き取る請求項2又は3記載の直接紡糸延伸糸の製造方法。The direct spinning drawn yarn production method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the drawn yarn is drawn and heat-set at 90 to 115 ° C.
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