JP4283000B2 - High brightness luminous fiber and high brightness luminous fabric - Google Patents

High brightness luminous fiber and high brightness luminous fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4283000B2
JP4283000B2 JP2003013793A JP2003013793A JP4283000B2 JP 4283000 B2 JP4283000 B2 JP 4283000B2 JP 2003013793 A JP2003013793 A JP 2003013793A JP 2003013793 A JP2003013793 A JP 2003013793A JP 4283000 B2 JP4283000 B2 JP 4283000B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fiber
luminous
dyeing
luminance
high brightness
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JP2003013793A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004052203A (en
Inventor
剛 白井
秀夫 坂倉
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Mitsubishi Rayon Textile Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Mitsubishi Rayon Textile Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003013793A priority Critical patent/JP4283000B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、染色後に高い発光輝度を有し、かつ染色後の耐光堅牢度が良好である衣料用編織物等の各種用途に適した高輝度夜光性繊維、および該夜光性繊維を少なくとも一部に用いた織編物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、各種繊維に多種多様な色彩効果を付与すべく、さまざまな材料による着色が施されてきた。特に近年では、着色材料として各種の機能性着色材料を用いることにより、繊維に高度の付加価値を付与することが試みられており、夜光性顔料もしくは蓄光顔料と称される発光性着色材料を含有する繊維もその一つに挙げられる。
【0003】
このような夜光性繊維として、特許文献1には硫化亜鉛を蓄光剤としたポリエステル繊維が提案されている。また特許文献2には、蓄光性蛍光体材料としてユウロピウム等を賦活したアルカリ土類金属のアルミン酸塩を用いた繊維が記載されており、繊維形成性樹脂としてポリエステルを用いることが記載されている。しかしながら、これらの方法では通常のポリエステル繊維の染色条件で染色した場合、蓄光性蛍光体材料が染色工程中で高温の熱水により加水分解して輝度特性が低下するという問題がある。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平2−112414号公報
【0005】
【特許文献2】
特開平8−127937号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、かかる従来技術の欠点を解決するものであって、染色後も十分な輝度を有し、耐光堅牢度に優れた高輝度夜光性繊維及び高輝度夜光性織編物を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第1の要旨は、夜光性顔料を10〜60重量%含有するポリオレフィン樹脂からなる芯成分と、夜光性顔料を含有しないポリエステル樹脂からなる鞘成分とで構成された芯鞘型複合繊維であって、芯成分を構成するポリオレフィン樹脂が融点80〜180℃、MFR1〜40g/10分のポリプロピレン樹脂であり、鞘成分を構成するポリエステル樹脂がジカルボン酸成分として5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分を0.3〜2.5モル%、アジピン酸成分を3〜15モル%共重合し、繰り返し単位の82.5〜96.7モル%がエチレンテレフタレートであるポリエステル樹脂であり、夜光性顔料を繊維全体に対し7〜25重量%含有することを特徴とする高輝度夜光性繊維にある。
【0008】
本発明の第2の要旨は、本発明の高輝度夜光性繊維を少なくとも一部に用いた織編物にある。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明では、夜光性顔料は芯成分に添加し、鞘成分を夜光性顔料を含有しない樹脂とし、製糸工程、加工工程等での夜光性顔料の脱落を防止することが必要である。
【0010】
また芯鞘比率は、製糸性、繊維物性の観点から容積比で芯鞘比率1/5〜2/1の範囲内が好ましい。芯鞘比率が1/5未満であると繊維中の夜光性顔料の含有量が少なくなり、繊維の輝度が不足しやすい。又、芯鞘比率が2/1を超えると、製糸性、製編製織等の後加工工程通過性が悪化しやすい。
【0011】
さらに、芯成分の樹脂としては、芯鞘繊維の溶融紡糸の容易性からポリオレフィン樹脂であることが必要である。なお、染色工程等熱水を使用する工程において、熱水を浸透しにくくするためにポリオレフィン樹脂が、融点80〜180℃、MFR1〜40g/10分のポリプロピレン樹脂であることがより好ましい。融点が80℃未満になると、染色工程において、熱水の温度で芯成分が融解しやすく、水が芯成分に浸透しやすくなり、夜光性性能が低下しやすい。また、MFRが1〜40g/10分の範囲外になると、ポリエステル樹脂との複合紡糸時の製糸安定性が低下しやすい。
【0012】
また、通常のポリエステル繊維の染色方法である、分散染料で染色する場合には、染色後の耐光堅牢度を維持するために110℃以上の高温での染色が必須となるが、夜光性顔料を添加した繊維の場合、高温の熱水により夜光性顔料が加水分解され輝度特性が大きく低下してしまう。
【0013】
本発明では、鞘成分をジカルボン酸成分として、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分とアジピン酸成分を共重合するポリエステル樹脂とすることによりカチオン染料により100℃以下の低温で染色が可能となる。分散染料に比べ低温で染色できることにより、夜光性顔料の分解を防ぎ染色後も十分な輝度特性が得られる。さらに、カチオン染料で染色することにより、鮮明性にも優れたものとなる。
【0014】
5−Naスルホイソフタル酸成分の共重合量は、0.3〜2.5モル%が必要であり、0.3モル%未満であるとカチオン染色性が低下し、2.5モル%を超えると、繊維強度が低下し、製糸安定性、加工工程通過性が不良となる。
【0015】
またアジピン酸成分の共重合量は、3〜15モル%が必要である。3モル%未満であるとカチオン染色性が低下し、15モル%を超えると、ポリマーのガラス転移温度が低下して未延伸糸の段階で単繊維同士が融着する。
【0016】
なお、本発明において、共重合させるアジピン酸成分は、ポリエステルポリマーを合成する任意の段階において添加できるが、テレフタル酸とエチレングリコールとのエステル化反応開始時にアジピン酸の粉体を添加する方法、およびテレフタル酸とエチレングリコールとのエステル化反応によって、またはジメチルテレフタレートとエチレングリコールとのエステル交換反応によって得られるビスヒドロキシエチルテレフタレートに、アジピン酸またはビス(2−ヒドロキシ)アジペートの分散液または溶液として添加する方法が一般的である。また、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分についても、アジピン酸と同様にポリマーを合成する任意の段階で添加でき、テレフタル酸とエチレングリコールとのエステル化反応開始時に5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸の粉体を添加する方法、及びジメチルテレフタレートとエチレングリコールとのエステル交換反応開始時にそれのジメチルエステルとして添加する方法が一般的である。
【0017】
また本発明に用いる夜光性顔料としては、硫化化合物を主体として各種金属を賦活してなる蓄光顔料、アルカリ土類金属のアルミン酸塩に希土類元素で賦活した蓄光性蛍光体材料等が挙げられ、化学的安定性、輝度特性の点からアルカリ土類金属のアルミン酸塩に希土類元素で賦活した蓄光性蛍光体材料が好ましい。
【0018】
さらに本発明では、染色後の耐光堅牢度が3級以上であって、染色後の励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が100mcd/m以上であることが好ましい。染色後の耐光堅牢度が3級未満では、製品使用時に変色が生じやすい。
【0019】
また、染色後の輝度特性については、励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が100mcd/m未満であると、染色後の輝度特性が不足しやすい。なお、染色後の励起停止から1分後の残光輝度を100mcd/m以上とするには、染色前の励起停止から1分後の残光輝度を500mcd/m以上とすることが好ましい。
【0020】
さらに本発明では、夜光性顔料の添加量は全繊維に対し7〜25重量%が好ましく、7重量%未満であると、染色前の段階で励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が500mcd/m未満となり、染色による光透過性の低下の影響で、染色した後の励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が、100mcd/m未満となりやすい。また、添加量が25重量%を超えると、製糸時に糸切れが多発しやすく、繊維化が困難となりやすい。
【0021】
また本発明で用いる夜光性顔料は、大粒径ほど高輝度となるが、製糸性、得られた夜光性繊維の強度低下等の繊維物性の観点から粒径が1〜15μmの範囲内のものが好ましい。夜光性顔料の粒径が1μm未満の場合は発光性能が不足しやすく、粒径が15μmを超える場合は、製糸性が低下しやすく、得られた夜光性繊維の繊維の強度が低くなり、また後加工工程通過性が低下しやすい。
【0022】
また、本発明の高輝度夜光性繊維の単繊維繊度は、40μm以下であることが好ましい。単繊維の太さが40μmを越えると、ソフトな風合いが不足しやすく刺繍糸または衣料用途等への使用が制限されやすい。
【0023】
なお、本発明の高輝度夜光性繊維の断面形状は、芯鞘構造であれば円形、三角等の異型、中空断面でも良く、そのトータル繊度は特に限定するものではなく任意の繊度でよい。
【0024】
次に、本発明の高輝度夜光性繊維の製造法の一例を説明する。
【0025】
本発明では、夜光性顔料を含有するポリオレフィン樹脂が芯成分、夜光性顔料を含有しないポリエステル樹脂が鞘成分となるように複合紡糸するが、複合紡糸手段は特に限定はなく、一般に良く知られた複合紡糸装置を用いて溶融紡糸を行うことができる。
【0026】
また、夜光性顔料の芯成分樹脂への添加は、夜光性顔料を直接添加しても良いが、夜光性顔料を予めポリオレフィン樹脂に溶融分散させたマスターバッチの形態とし、該マスターバッチを芯成分樹脂へ添加すれば、芯成分用樹脂中における夜光性顔料の分散性をより向上させることができ好ましい。
【0027】
さらに、繊維を構成する芯成分中の夜光性顔料の濃度は10〜60重量%が好ましく、芯成分中の夜光性顔料の濃度が10%未満では、得られる夜光性繊維中の夜光性顔料の濃度を7重量%以上とすると、芯鞘比率が2/1を超えるため製糸安定性の悪化等の問題が発生しやすい。芯成分中の夜光性顔料の濃度が60%を超えると、ポリマーの流動性が悪化し製糸が困難となりやすい。
【0028】
溶融紡糸して得られた未延伸糸は、延伸倍率2〜4倍、延伸温度70〜100℃、熱セット温度100〜200℃の条件下で延伸をおこない、高輝度夜光性繊維を得ることができる。
【0029】
このとき延伸倍率が2倍未満であると得られる繊維の強度が低くなり、4倍を超えると製糸安定性が低下しやすい。延伸温度が70℃未満では、均一延伸が行われず、その結果、繊維軸方向に太細斑が発生しやすく、局所的に繊維強度が弱くなったり、染色した場合の欠点となりやすい。熱セット温度が100℃を超える場合も、均一延伸が行われず、同様の問題が発生しやすい。
【0030】
さらに、熱セット温度が100℃未満であると、熱収縮率が高くなり、繊維の寸法安定性が不十分なものとなりやすい。また、延伸温度が200℃を超えると製糸安定性が低下する。さらに好ましい延伸温度範囲は75〜90℃、熱セット温度は100〜180℃である。
【0031】
また、紡糸、延伸を連続したプロセスで行っても同様な高輝度夜光性繊維を得ることができる。
【0032】
さらに延伸糸は、引き続いて緩和率1〜10%、緩和温度100〜220℃の緩和熱処理を実施することにより、寸法安定性を向上することができる。緩和率が1%未満および緩和温度が100℃未満であると、繊維の熱収縮率を十分下げることができず、寸法安定性の向上効果が不十分となりやすい。緩和率が10%を越えると、緩和時にローラーへ糸をとられやすくなり、安定性が低下しやすい。緩和温度が220℃を越えると、熱により繊維が融解しやすくなり、糸切れが発生しやすくなる。
【0033】
なお本発明の高輝度夜光性繊維を用いた織編物は、織編機、織編組織等については特に制約することなく、少なくともその一部に用いることによって、染色後も十分な輝度を有し、耐光堅牢度に優れた織編物となる。
【0034】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。なお、実施例中の各特性値の評価は、下記の方法で行った。
【0035】
(未染色繊維の輝度測定試験)
▲1▼厚さ1mm程度の繊維のカード巻きサンプルを作成し、24時間サンプルへの光を遮断した。
【0036】
▲2▼サンプルを、27W卓上蛍光灯下60cm(約1000lux)に水平に置き、30分照射して励起させた。
【0037】
▲3▼照射停止後、残光輝度を残光輝度をMINOLTA LS−100輝度計を用いて測定した。
【0038】
(染色後の繊維の輝度測定試験)
▲1▼繊維の編み地サンプルを80℃のカチオン染色液で、染色温度80℃×50分、染料濃度0.01%、浴比1:15で、イエロー、ピンク、ブルーに染色したサンプルを作成した。
【0039】
▲2▼染色後のサンプルを1日間室温で乾燥した。
【0040】
▲3▼乾燥後のサンプルに対し、24時間光を遮断した。
【0041】
▲4▼サンプルを、27W卓上蛍光灯下60cm(約1000lux)に水平に置き、30分照射して励起させた。
【0042】
▲5▼照射停止後、残光輝度をMINOLTA LS−100輝度計を用いて測定した。
【0043】
なお、使用した染料は、次の通りである。
【0044】
イエロー: Dystar製 Astrazon yellow 7GLL
ピンク : 保土ヶ谷化学製 Cachilon Brilliant pink CD−BH
ブルー : Dystar製 Astrazon Blue BG
(繊維の強度よび伸度)
島津製作所製オートグラフSD−100C特形で、試料長20cm、引張速度20cm/minで測定した値である。
【0045】
(耐光堅牢度)
繊維の編地を、カチオン染料を用いて、染色温度80℃×50分、染料濃度0.01%、浴比1:15でイエロー、ピンク、ブルーに染色して得たサンプルを、JIS L0842(カーボンアーク灯光に対する染色堅ろう試験方法)にしたがって実施した。なお、使用した染料は、次の通りである。
【0046】
イエロー: Dystar製 Astrazon yellow 7GLL
ピンク : 保土ヶ谷化学製 Cachilon Brilliant pink CD−BH
ブルー : Dystar製 Astrazon Blue BG
(実施例1)
MFR値10g/10分、融点=165℃のポリプロピレン樹脂60重量%と、夜光性顔料として市販の夜光性顔料「ピカリコSAD−5A」(ケミテック(株)製)40重量%を溶融賦型し、マスターバッチ(以下MBと略記する)を製造した。このMBを芯成分に配し、鞘成分として5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分として5−スルホイソフタル酸ジメチルエステル,ナトリウム塩(DMS)を0.5モル%、アジピン酸成分としてアジピン酸ジエチロールを5モル%共重合したポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を使用し、芯鞘比率(容積比)1/1.6で、285℃の温度で溶融し、丸断面芯鞘型0.30mm×24ホールの複合紡糸ノズルにより溶融紡糸し、引取速度1400m/分で巻き取った。
【0047】
さらに、この繊維を延伸温度80℃、延伸倍率2.5倍で延伸した後に、緩和率5%、160℃の温度で熱セットし、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得た。
【0048】
得られた夜光性繊維中の夜光性顔料の含有量は、14重量%/ヤーンであり、明るい場所から暗い場所に移すと、数時間高輝度の緑色(ピーク波長518〜520nm)を発光する機能を有していた。得られた繊維の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0049】
得られた夜光性繊維の耐光堅牢度試験を実施した結果、3〜5級と良好であった。さらに、染色後のサンプルの輝度測定試験を実施した結果、励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が390〜560mcd/mと良好な輝度特性を有していた。
【0050】
(実施例2)
鞘成分のポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂の、5−Naスルホイソフタル酸成分の共重合量を1モル%にした以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得た。得られた繊維の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0051】
得られた夜光性繊維の耐光堅牢度試験を実施した結果、3〜5級と良好であった。さらに、染色後のサンプルの輝度測定試験を実施した結果、励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が340〜490mcd/mと良好な輝度特性を有していた。
【0052】
(実施例3)
鞘成分のポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂の、5−Naスルホイソフタル酸成分の共重合量を1.5モル%にした以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得た。得られた繊維の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0053】
得られた夜光性繊維の耐光堅牢度試験を実施した結果、3〜5級と良好であった。さらに、染色後のサンプルの輝度測定試験を実施した結果、励起停止からの残光輝度が290〜440mcd/mと良好な輝度特性を有していた。
【0054】
(実施例4)
夜光性顔料として市販の夜光性顔料「N夜光GLL−300FF」(根本特殊化学(株)製)を使用した以外は実施例2と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得た。
【0055】
得られた夜光性繊維中の夜光性顔料の含有量は、14重量%/ヤーンであり、明るい場所から暗い場所に移すと、数時間高輝度の緑色(ピーク波長520nm)を発光する機能を有していた。得られた繊維の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0056】
得られた夜光性繊維の耐光堅牢度試験を実施した結果、3〜5級と良好であった。さらに、染色後のサンプルの輝度測定試験を実施した結果、励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が370〜500mcd/mと良好な輝度特性を有していた。
【0057】
(比較例1)
鞘成分を構成するポリエステル樹脂として、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分、アジピン酸成分を共重合しない以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得た。得られた繊維の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0058】
なお、得られた繊維はカチオン可染性がなく、カチオン染料で染色しても十分な染色性を示さないため、染色後の繊維の輝度測定には、分散染料を用い110℃で染色を行ったが、夜光性顔料が熱水により加水分解され、染色後の励起停止からの残光輝度が30〜60mcd/mと輝度特性が不十分であった。
【0059】
(比較例2)
鞘成分のポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂の5−Naスルホイソフタル酸成分の共重合量を3モル%にした以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得た。得られた繊維の評価結果を表1に示した。
【0060】
繊維の強度および伸度が、ともに著しく低く、輝度測定のサンプリングができないレベルであった。
【0061】
(比較例3)
鞘成分のポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂のアジピン酸成分の共重合量を30モル%にした以外は、実施例1と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光性繊維を得ようと試みたが、紡糸後に巻き取った未延伸糸が融着してしまい、解舒できず、延伸糸とすることができなかった。
【0062】
(比較例4)
紡糸時の芯鞘比率(容積比)を1/6にした以外は実施例2と同様に実施して、133dtex24フィラメントの夜光製繊維を得た。得られた繊維中の夜光性顔料の含有量は、5重量%/ヤーンであり延伸糸の強伸度特性は良好であったが、表1に示したとおり輝度特性が不充分であった。
【0063】
【表1】

Figure 0004283000
【0064】
【発明の効果】
本発明の高輝度夜光性繊維は、芯鞘構造の鞘成分を、ジカルボン酸成分として5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分とアジピン酸成分を共重合するポリエステル樹脂とすることにより、カチオン染料により100℃以下の低温で染色が可能となり、染色後に高い発光輝度を有し、かつ染色後の耐光堅牢度が良好となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-luminance luminous fiber suitable for various uses such as a knitted fabric for clothing having high light emission luminance after dyeing and good light fastness after dyeing, and at least a part of the luminous fiber It relates to the woven or knitted fabric used in the above.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, coloring with various materials has been performed in order to give various fibers various color effects. In particular, in recent years, attempts have been made to add a high degree of added value to the fiber by using various functional coloring materials as the coloring material, and it contains a luminescent coloring material called a luminous pigment or phosphorescent pigment. One of these is the fiber to be used.
[0003]
As such a luminous fiber, Patent Document 1 proposes a polyester fiber using zinc sulfide as a phosphorescent agent. Patent Document 2 describes a fiber using an alkaline earth metal aluminate activated with europium or the like as a phosphorescent phosphor material, and describes using polyester as a fiber-forming resin. . However, in these methods, when dyeing is performed under normal polyester fiber dyeing conditions, there is a problem in that the phosphorescent phosphor material is hydrolyzed by high-temperature hot water during the dyeing process and luminance characteristics are deteriorated.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-112414
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-8-127937 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the disadvantages of the prior art, and provides a high-luminance luminous fiber and a high-luminous luminous knitted or knitted fabric that have sufficient luminance after dyeing and have excellent light fastness. is there.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first gist of the present invention is a core-sheath type composite fiber composed of a core component made of a polyolefin resin containing 10 to 60% by weight of a luminescent pigment and a sheath component made of a polyester resin not containing a luminescent pigment. The polyolefin resin constituting the core component is a polypropylene resin having a melting point of 80 to 180 ° C. and MFR of 1 to 40 g / 10 minutes, and the polyester resin constituting the sheath component is a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component as a dicarboxylic acid component. 0.3 to 2.5 mol%, by polymerizing adipic acid component 3-15 mol% co, 82.5 to 96.7 mol% of the repeating units are ethylene terephthalate der Ru polyester resin, a luminous pigment It exists in the high brightness nocturnal fiber characterized by containing 7 to 25weight% with respect to the whole fiber.
[0008]
The second gist of the present invention resides in a woven or knitted fabric using at least a part of the high-luminance luminous fiber of the present invention.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, it is necessary to add the luminescent pigment to the core component and to make the sheath component a resin that does not contain the luminescent pigment, and to prevent the luminescent pigment from falling off during the spinning process, the processing step, and the like.
[0010]
Further, the core-sheath ratio is preferably within the range of the core-sheath ratio 1/5 to 2/1 in terms of volume ratio from the viewpoints of yarn production and fiber properties. When the core-sheath ratio is less than 1/5, the content of the nocturnal pigment in the fiber decreases, and the brightness of the fiber tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, when the core-sheath ratio exceeds 2/1, the post-process passability such as yarn forming and knitting and weaving tends to deteriorate.
[0011]
Furthermore, the core component resin is required to be a polyolefin resin in view of the ease of melt spinning of the core-sheath fiber. Incidentally, in the step of using the staining process or the like with hot water, polyolefin resins in order to make it difficult to penetrate the hot water, melting point 80 to 180 ° C., and more preferably MFR1~40g / 10 min polypropylene resin. When the melting point is less than 80 ° C., the core component is easily melted at the temperature of hot water in the dyeing process, water easily penetrates into the core component, and the luminous performance is likely to deteriorate. On the other hand, when the MFR is out of the range of 1 to 40 g / 10 min, the yarn-making stability at the time of composite spinning with the polyester resin tends to be lowered.
[0012]
In addition, in the case of dyeing with disperse dyes, which is a normal method for dyeing polyester fibers, dyeing at a high temperature of 110 ° C. or more is essential to maintain light fastness after dyeing. In the case of the added fiber, the luminous pigment is hydrolyzed by high-temperature hot water, and the luminance characteristics are greatly deteriorated.
[0013]
In the present invention, by using a sheath resin as a dicarboxylic acid component and a polyester resin copolymerizing a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component and an adipic acid component, dyeing at a low temperature of 100 ° C. or less is possible with a cationic dye. Since it can be dyed at a lower temperature than the disperse dye, it can prevent decomposition of the nocturnal pigment and provide sufficient luminance characteristics after dyeing. Further, by dyeing with a cationic dye, it becomes excellent in sharpness.
[0014]
The copolymerization amount of the 5-Na sulfoisophthalic acid component needs to be 0.3 to 2.5 mol%, and if it is less than 0.3 mol%, the cation dyeing property is lowered and exceeds 2.5 mol%. Then, the fiber strength is lowered, and the yarn-making stability and the processing process passability are poor.
[0015]
The copolymerization amount of the adipic acid component needs to be 3 to 15 mol%. If it is less than 3 mol%, the cation dyeability is lowered, and if it exceeds 15 mol%, the glass transition temperature of the polymer is lowered and the single fibers are fused to each other at the undrawn yarn stage.
[0016]
In the present invention, the adipic acid component to be copolymerized can be added at any stage of synthesizing the polyester polymer, but a method of adding adipic acid powder at the start of the esterification reaction of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and Addition as a dispersion or solution of adipic acid or bis (2-hydroxy) adipate to bishydroxyethyl terephthalate obtained by esterification reaction of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol or transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol The method is common. Also, the 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component can be added at any stage of polymer synthesis as in the case of adipic acid, and the powder of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is added at the start of the esterification reaction between terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. The method of adding and the method of adding as a dimethyl ester at the time of the transesterification reaction start of dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol are common.
[0017]
Examples of the luminous pigment used in the present invention include phosphorescent pigments obtained by activating various metals mainly composed of sulfide compounds, phosphorescent phosphor materials activated by rare earth elements in alkaline earth metal aluminates, and the like. From the viewpoint of chemical stability and luminance characteristics, a phosphorescent phosphor material activated with a rare earth element on an alkaline earth metal aluminate is preferred.
[0018]
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the light fastness after dyeing is tertiary or higher, and the afterglow luminance after 1 minute from the excitation stop after dyeing is 100 mcd / m 2 or higher. If the light fastness after dyeing is less than grade 3, discoloration tends to occur during product use.
[0019]
As for the luminance characteristics after dyeing, if the afterglow luminance after one minute from the stop of excitation is less than 100 mcd / m 2 , the luminance characteristics after dyeing tend to be insufficient. In order to set the afterglow luminance after one minute from the excitation stop after staining to 100 mcd / m 2 or more, it is preferable to set the afterglow luminance after one minute from the excitation stop before dyeing to 500 mcd / m 2 or more. .
[0020]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the addition amount of the luminous pigment is preferably 7 to 25% by weight with respect to the total fiber, and if it is less than 7% by weight, the afterglow luminance after 1 minute from the excitation stop at the stage before dyeing is 500 mcd / becomes less than m 2, the influence of reduction in light transmittance due to dyeing, the afterglow luminance of 1 minute after excitation is stopped after staining tends to be less than 100mcd / m 2. On the other hand, if the added amount exceeds 25% by weight, yarn breakage is likely to occur frequently during yarn production, and fiberization tends to be difficult.
[0021]
Also, the luminous pigment used in the present invention has a higher luminance as the particle size becomes larger, but the particle size is in the range of 1 to 15 μm from the viewpoint of fiber properties such as spinning properties and reduced strength of the obtained luminous fiber. Is preferred. When the particle size of the luminous pigment is less than 1 μm, the light emission performance tends to be insufficient, and when the particle size exceeds 15 μm, the spinnability is likely to deteriorate, and the strength of the resulting luminous fiber becomes low. Easy to pass through post-processing steps.
[0022]
Moreover, it is preferable that the single fiber fineness of the high brightness nocturnal fiber of this invention is 40 micrometers or less. If the thickness of the single fiber exceeds 40 μm, the soft texture tends to be insufficient, and the use for embroidery thread or clothing is likely to be restricted.
[0023]
In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the high-intensity nocturnal fiber of the present invention may be a circular shape, a triangular shape, or a hollow shape as long as it is a core-sheath structure, and the total fineness is not particularly limited and may be any fineness.
[0024]
Next, an example of the manufacturing method of the high brightness luminous fiber of this invention is demonstrated.
[0025]
In the present invention, the composite spinning is performed so that the polyolefin resin containing the luminous pigment is the core component and the polyester resin not containing the luminous pigment is the sheath component, but the composite spinning means is not particularly limited and is generally well known. Melt spinning can be performed using a composite spinning device.
[0026]
In addition, the luminous pigment may be added to the core component resin by directly adding the luminous pigment, but the luminous pigment is preliminarily melt-dispersed in a polyolefin resin and the master batch is added to the core component resin. If added to the resin, the dispersibility of the luminous pigment in the core component resin can be further improved, which is preferable.
[0027]
Further, the concentration of the luminous pigment in the core component constituting the fiber is preferably 10 to 60% by weight. When the concentration of the luminous pigment in the core component is less than 10%, the luminous pigment in the resulting luminous fiber When the concentration is 7% by weight or more, the core-sheath ratio exceeds 2/1, and problems such as deterioration of the yarn-making stability tend to occur. When the concentration of the luminous pigment in the core component exceeds 60%, the fluidity of the polymer is deteriorated and it is easy to make a yarn.
[0028]
An undrawn yarn obtained by melt spinning can be drawn under conditions of a draw ratio of 2 to 4 times, a drawing temperature of 70 to 100 ° C., and a heat setting temperature of 100 to 200 ° C. to obtain a high-luminance luminous fiber. it can.
[0029]
At this time, when the draw ratio is less than 2 times, the strength of the obtained fiber is low, and when it exceeds 4 times, the yarn-making stability tends to be lowered. If the stretching temperature is less than 70 ° C., uniform stretching is not performed, and as a result, thick spots are likely to occur in the fiber axis direction, and the fiber strength is weakened locally, which tends to be a drawback when dyeing. Even when the heat setting temperature exceeds 100 ° C., uniform stretching is not performed, and the same problem is likely to occur.
[0030]
Furthermore, when the heat setting temperature is less than 100 ° C., the thermal shrinkage rate is increased and the dimensional stability of the fiber tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, when the stretching temperature exceeds 200 ° C., the spinning stability is lowered. A more preferable stretching temperature range is 75 to 90 ° C, and a heat setting temperature is 100 to 180 ° C.
[0031]
Moreover, the same high-intensity luminous fiber can be obtained even if spinning and drawing are performed in a continuous process.
[0032]
Further, the drawn yarn can be improved in dimensional stability by subsequently performing a relaxation heat treatment at a relaxation rate of 1 to 10% and a relaxation temperature of 100 to 220 ° C. If the relaxation rate is less than 1% and the relaxation temperature is less than 100 ° C., the heat shrinkage rate of the fiber cannot be sufficiently lowered, and the effect of improving dimensional stability tends to be insufficient. When the relaxation rate exceeds 10%, it becomes easy to take the yarn to the roller during relaxation, and the stability tends to decrease. When the relaxation temperature exceeds 220 ° C., the fiber is easily melted by heat, and yarn breakage is likely to occur.
[0033]
Note that the woven or knitted fabric using the high-luminance luminous fiber of the present invention has sufficient luminance even after dyeing by using at least a part thereof without any particular limitation on the knitting and knitting machine and the woven and knitted structure. It becomes a woven or knitted fabric excellent in light fastness.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In addition, evaluation of each characteristic value in an Example was performed with the following method.
[0035]
(Brightness measurement test of undyed fiber)
{Circle around (1)} A card-wound sample of fiber having a thickness of about 1 mm was prepared, and light to the sample was blocked for 24 hours.
[0036]
(2) The sample was placed horizontally at 60 cm (about 1000 lux) under a 27 W desktop fluorescent lamp, and excited by irradiation for 30 minutes.
[0037]
(3) After the irradiation was stopped, the afterglow luminance was measured using a MINOLTA LS-100 luminance meter.
[0038]
(Fiber brightness measurement test after dyeing)
(1) Create a sample dyed in yellow, pink or blue with a cationic dyeing solution at 80 ° C, dyeing temperature 80 ° C x 50 minutes, dye concentration 0.01%, bath ratio 1:15. did.
[0039]
(2) The dyed sample was dried at room temperature for 1 day.
[0040]
(3) Light was blocked from the dried sample for 24 hours.
[0041]
(4) The sample was placed horizontally at 60 cm (about 1000 lux) under a 27 W desktop fluorescent lamp, and excited by irradiation for 30 minutes.
[0042]
(5) After the irradiation was stopped, the afterglow luminance was measured using a MINOLTA LS-100 luminance meter.
[0043]
The dyes used are as follows.
[0044]
Yellow: Astrazon yellow 7GLL made by Dystar
Pink: Cachilon Brilliant pin CD-BH made by Hodogaya Chemical
Blue: Astrazon Blue BG made by Dystar
(Fiber strength and elongation)
It is a value measured with a sample length of 20 cm and a tensile speed of 20 cm / min using an autograph SD-100C special model manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
[0045]
(Light fastness)
A sample obtained by dyeing a knitted fabric of a fiber with a dye at a dyeing temperature of 80 ° C. for 50 minutes, a dye concentration of 0.01%, and a bath ratio of 1:15 with a cationic dye is JIS L0842 ( The dyeing fastness test method for carbon arc lamps) was carried out. The dyes used are as follows.
[0046]
Yellow: Astrazon yellow 7GLL made by Dystar
Pink: Cachilon Brilliant pin CD-BH made by Hodogaya Chemical
Blue: Astrazon Blue BG made by Dystar
(Example 1)
Melt-molding 60% by weight of a polypropylene resin having an MFR value of 10 g / 10 minutes, a melting point of 165 ° C., and 40% by weight of a commercially available luminescent pigment “Picarico SAD-5A” (manufactured by Chemtech Co., Ltd.) as a luminescent pigment, A master batch (hereinafter abbreviated as MB) was produced. This MB is arranged in the core component, the sheath component is 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid dimethyl ester, sodium salt (DMS) 0.5 mol%, and the adipic acid component is 5 mol adipic acid diethylol. % Copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate resin, melted at a temperature of 285 ° C. at a core-sheath ratio (volume ratio) of 1 / 1.6, and melted by a composite spinning nozzle with a round cross-section core-sheath type of 0.30 mm × 24 holes Spinning and winding at a take-up speed of 1400 m / min.
[0047]
Further, this fiber was drawn at a drawing temperature of 80 ° C. and a draw ratio of 2.5 times, and then heat-set at a relaxation rate of 5% and a temperature of 160 ° C. to obtain 133 dtex 24 filament luminous fiber.
[0048]
The content of the luminous pigment in the obtained luminous fiber is 14% by weight / yarn, and when it is moved from a bright place to a dark place, it emits green (peak wavelength 518 to 520 nm) with high brightness for several hours. Had. The evaluation results of the obtained fiber are shown in Table 1.
[0049]
As a result of conducting the light fastness test of the obtained nocturnal fiber, it was as good as 3-5 grade. Furthermore, as a result of performing a luminance measurement test of the dyed sample, the afterglow luminance after 1 minute from the stop of excitation had good luminance characteristics of 390 to 560 mcd / m 2 .
[0050]
(Example 2)
Except for changing the copolymerization amount of the 5-Na sulfoisophthalic acid component of the polyethylene terephthalate resin of the sheath component to 1 mol%, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed to obtain 133 dtex 24 filament luminous fiber. The evaluation results of the obtained fiber are shown in Table 1.
[0051]
As a result of conducting the light fastness test of the obtained nocturnal fiber, it was as good as 3-5 grade. Furthermore, as a result of performing a luminance measurement test on the dyed sample, the afterglow luminance after 1 minute from the excitation stop had a good luminance characteristic of 340 to 490 mcd / m 2 .
[0052]
Example 3
Except for changing the copolymerization amount of the 5-Na sulfoisophthalic acid component of the polyethylene terephthalate resin of the sheath component to 1.5 mol%, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a luminous fiber having 133 dtex 24 filaments. The evaluation results of the obtained fiber are shown in Table 1.
[0053]
As a result of conducting the light fastness test of the obtained nocturnal fiber, it was as good as 3-5 grade. Furthermore, as a result of carrying out the luminance measurement test of the sample after dyeing, the afterglow luminance from the stop of excitation had a good luminance characteristic of 290 to 440 mcd / m 2 .
[0054]
(Example 4)
The same procedure as in Example 2 was performed, except that a commercially available luminescent pigment “N luminescent GLL-300FF” (manufactured by Nemoto Special Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as a luminescent pigment, to obtain a luminescent fiber of 133 dtex 24 filaments.
[0055]
The content of the luminous pigment in the obtained luminous fiber is 14% by weight / yarn, and when it is moved from a bright place to a dark place, it has a function of emitting green (peak wavelength 520 nm) with high brightness for several hours. Was. The evaluation results of the obtained fiber are shown in Table 1.
[0056]
As a result of conducting the light fastness test of the obtained nocturnal fiber, it was as good as 3-5 grade. Furthermore, as a result of performing a luminance measurement test on the dyed sample, the afterglow luminance after 1 minute from the excitation stop had a good luminance characteristic of 370 to 500 mcd / m 2 .
[0057]
(Comparative Example 1)
The polyester resin constituting the sheath component was the same as Example 1 except that a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component and an adipic acid component were not copolymerized to obtain a 133 dtex 24 filament luminous fiber. The evaluation results of the obtained fiber are shown in Table 1.
[0058]
In addition, since the obtained fiber is not cationic dyeable and does not show sufficient dyeability even if dyed with a cationic dye, the brightness of the dyed fiber is dyed at 110 ° C. using a disperse dye. However, the luminous pigment was hydrolyzed by hot water, and the afterglow luminance after excitation stop after dyeing was 30 to 60 mcd / m 2, and the luminance characteristics were insufficient.
[0059]
(Comparative Example 2)
Except that the copolymerization amount of the 5-Na sulfoisophthalic acid component of the polyethylene terephthalate resin of the sheath component was changed to 3 mol%, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed to obtain 133 dtex24 filament luminous fiber. The evaluation results of the obtained fiber are shown in Table 1.
[0060]
Both the strength and elongation of the fiber were remarkably low, and it was at a level that could not be sampled for luminance measurement.
[0061]
(Comparative Example 3)
Except that the amount of copolymerization of the adipic acid component of the polyethylene terephthalate resin of the sheath component was changed to 30 mol%, it was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a luminous fiber of 133 dtex 24 filaments. The undrawn yarn taken was fused and could not be unwound and could not be used as a drawn yarn.
[0062]
(Comparative Example 4)
Except that the core-sheath ratio (volume ratio) at the time of spinning was set to 1/6, it was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain 133 dtex24 filaments made of noctilucent fibers. The content of the luminous pigment in the obtained fiber was 5% by weight / yarn, and the strength and elongation characteristics of the drawn yarn were good. However, as shown in Table 1, the luminance characteristics were insufficient.
[0063]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004283000
[0064]
【The invention's effect】
The high brightness nocturnal fiber of the present invention is a polyester resin that copolymerizes a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component and an adipic acid component as a dicarboxylic acid component as the sheath component of the core-sheath structure, and is 100 ° C. or less with a cationic dye. It is possible to dye at a low temperature, high emission luminance after dyeing, and good light fastness after dyeing.

Claims (4)

夜光性顔料を10〜60重量%含有するポリオレフィン樹脂からなる芯成分と、夜光性顔料を含有しないポリエステル樹脂からなる鞘成分とで構成された芯鞘型複合繊維であって、芯成分を構成するポリオレフィン樹脂が融点80〜180℃、MFR1〜40g/10分のポリプロピレン樹脂であり、鞘成分を構成するポリエステル樹脂がジカルボン酸成分として5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分を0.3〜2.5モル%、アジピン酸成分を3〜15モル%共重合し、繰り返し単位の82.5〜96.7モル%がエチレンテレフタレートであるポリエステル樹脂であり、夜光性顔料を繊維全体に対し7〜25重量%含有することを特徴とする高輝度夜光性繊維。A core-sheath type composite fiber composed of a core component composed of a polyolefin resin containing 10 to 60% by weight of a luminous pigment and a sheath component composed of a polyester resin not containing a luminous pigment, which constitutes the core component Polyolefin resin is a polypropylene resin having a melting point of 80 to 180 ° C. and MFR of 1 to 40 g / 10 min, and the polyester resin constituting the sheath component is 0.3 to 2.5 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component as a dicarboxylic acid component. , polymerizing adipic acid component 3-15 mol% co, 82.5 to 96.7 mol% of the repeating units are ethylene terephthalate der Ru polyester resin, a luminous pigment relative to the total fiber 7-25 wt% High brightness luminous fiber characterized by containing . 染色後の耐光堅牢度が3級以上であって、染色後の励起停止から1分後の残光輝度が100mcd/m以上である請求項1記載の高輝度夜光性繊維。The high brightness nocturnal fiber according to claim 1, wherein the fastness to light after dyeing is 3 or more and the afterglow luminance after 1 minute from the excitation stop after dyeing is 100 mcd / m 2 or more. 単繊維の太さが40μm以下である請求項1または請求項2記載の高輝度夜光性繊維。The high brightness nocturnal fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the single fiber has a thickness of 40 µm or less. 請求項1〜請求項3のいずれかに記載の高輝度夜光性繊維を少なくとも一部に用いた織編物。  A woven or knitted fabric using at least a part of the high-luminance luminous fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2003013793A 2002-05-30 2003-01-22 High brightness luminous fiber and high brightness luminous fabric Expired - Fee Related JP4283000B2 (en)

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JP2007092227A (en) * 2005-09-28 2007-04-12 Toray Ind Inc Polyester core-sheath conjugate fiber and its fabric
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FR2946336B1 (en) 2009-06-03 2011-05-20 Saint Gobain LAMINATED GLAZING FOR HIGH HEAD VISUALIZATION SYSTEM
CN110791856B (en) * 2019-10-31 2022-05-03 江苏金荣泰新材料科技有限公司 Luminous fabric and preparation method thereof

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