JP4275268B2 - Solidified material - Google Patents
Solidified material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4275268B2 JP4275268B2 JP30773699A JP30773699A JP4275268B2 JP 4275268 B2 JP4275268 B2 JP 4275268B2 JP 30773699 A JP30773699 A JP 30773699A JP 30773699 A JP30773699 A JP 30773699A JP 4275268 B2 JP4275268 B2 JP 4275268B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- solidified material
- exhaust gas
- cake
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
- C04B18/162—Cement kiln dust; Lime kiln dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、セメントキルン排ガスなどのセメント製造工程で発生するダストを原料とする固化材に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
セメント原料やセメント製造時の焼成燃料に含まれるアルカリや塩素等の揮発成分を、セメントキルンの系外へ分離排出する技術として特公平5−50458号で開示されている塩素バイパスによりセメントキルンから発生する排ガスを抽気処理する方法が知られている。更に、この処理によって排出された排ガスダストは、特開平11−100243号で開示された方法によって、塩素を水洗除去することでこれをセメント原料として再利用することが可能となり、廃棄物の再資源化とセメント原料コストの低減化への寄与が図られる。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかるに、該排ガスダストはセメント原料としての活用以外には、特に利用策が見出されておらず、依然廃棄処分される場合も多い。本発明は該排ガスダストの新たな活用先を創出することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、該排ガスダストを水洗処理した乾燥ケーキの鉱物成分を改めて仔細に調べたところ、大部分が消石灰であって、一般に市販されている無機系固化材の構成成分と類似点があることに着目し、この乾燥ケーキを固化材に活用すべく検討を進めた結果、従来品と同等若しくはそれ以上の性状の固化材が比較的安価に得られたことから本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
即ち、本発明は、セメントクリンカ焼成で発生する排ガスが吹き込まれて塩素分が溶出した水を濾過してなる乾燥ケーキの粉末を含む固化材である。
【0006】
また、本発明は、セメントクリンカ焼成で発生する排ガスが吹き込まれて塩素分が溶出した水を濾過してなる乾燥ケーキと水硬性無機物を主成分とする前記の固化材である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の固化材は、セメントクリンカ焼成で発生する排ガスを水に吹き込み、排ガス中の塩素分を溶出させた水を濾過してなる脱塩されたケーキの乾燥物を主構成原料としたものである。このようなケーキを得るための具体的手段は、好適には特開平11−100243号で開示された塩素バイパスダストの水洗方法と同様の手段で得ることができる。より具体的には、セメントクリンカ焼成でキルンから発生する排ガスにはセメント原料が高温で反応・分解してなる塩素やアルカリ等の揮発物質や燃焼ガスなどの気化成分の他、飛灰等の微粉状固形分が含まれる。この排ガスを特公平5−50458号で開示されているような塩素バイパス設備を用い、抽気し、望ましくはこの装置の分級部で分級した粗粒固形分(粗粒ダスト)を再度クリンカ焼成中のキルンにセメント原料として戻し、残りの排ガス、即ち高温気化成分と微粒固形分(微粒ダスト)は前記設備で水洗する。水に吹き込まれたキルン排ガスは、主に塩素を始めとし、水溶性成分は水に溶解する。不溶性成分が混在するこの水を濾過し、液分と不溶性固形分を分離し、不溶性固形分を乾燥して乾燥ケーキを得る。濾液は必要により排水処理設備へと送られ無害化処理される。濾過や乾燥の方法、そのための使用装置等は特に限定されず、公知何れの方法でも良い。固化材原料に用いる乾燥ケーキは、塩素濃度0.5%以下、含水率約0.5%未満となることを目安とする。
【0008】
得られた乾燥ケーキは、セメント形成原料である生石灰ダストが水と反応して成る消石灰を大量に含有するものであり、その他硫酸カルシウム、シリカ、アルカリ金属酸化物、アルミナなどの通常のセメント原料中にも含まれるような成分を一般に含有するものであるが、ダスト中に存在した塩素分は水に溶出したのでかなり減少された含有量となっている。
【0009】
本発明の固化材は、このような乾燥ケーキを含む固化材である。即ち、本発明の固化材は、前記乾燥ケーキのみからなる場合と、これに加えて他の成分を含有するものの場合がある。何れの場合も、好ましくは比表面積2500cm2/g以上に粉砕した粉末状の固化材とするのが、固化材自体の活性度が高まるので良い。
【0010】
本発明の固化材の乾燥ケーキ以外の他の含有成分としては、好ましくは水硬性無機物である。水硬性無機物は単一の化合物であっても組成物や混合物であっても良い。より具体的には例えばセメント、高炉スラグなどを挙げることができる。セメントは一般に普通ポルトランドセメントが安価であり水硬性無機物として最も推奨されるが、公知のセメントであれば特に限定されない。更に、本固化材は、乾燥ケーキやセメント等の水硬性無機物以外の無機成分も適宜含むことができ、例えば粘土鉱物、シリカヒューム、炭酸カルシウムなどを含むものであっても良い。
【0011】
本固化材を作製する上での乾燥ケーキと水硬性無機物の配合割合は特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは配合する水硬性無機物によって、更に好ましくは本固化材を用いる対象物に応じても、より最適な固化作用を発現させるために配合割合を変えると良い。例えば、乾燥ケーキとセメントを含む固化材では、セメント100重量部、乾燥ケーキ5〜200重量部を配合したものとするのが好ましい。これは乾燥ケーキ5重量部未満での配合量では乾燥ケーキ配合効果が現れず、また200重量部を超える配合量では十分な固化強度が得難くなるので好ましくない。
【0012】
また、複数の水硬性無機成分を含む固化材、例えばセメントと高炉スラグと乾燥ケーキを含む固化材などでは、乾燥ケーキ100重量部に対し、複数の水硬性無機成分の合計を50〜2000重量部配合したものとするのが好ましい。しかるに、2000重量部を超える水硬性無機成分配合量では固化体によっては乾燥ケーキ配合効果が現れず、固化性状の安定性を欠き易くなることがあるので好ましくなく、50重量部未満の水硬性無機成分配合量では脆弱な固化状態しか得られなくなるので好ましくない。
【0013】
更に、固化材が水硬性無機物質以外の無機成分を含む場合は、十分な固化作用を確保する上で、乾燥ケーキと水硬性無機物質よりも少ない含有量になることが好ましい。
【0014】
尚、本発明の固化材の使用法は、特に限定されるものでは無いが、例えば土壌の改良、軟弱地盤の固化等への使用については、粉末のまま対象地に散布し、スタビライザー等で混合する方法、或いは粉末に水を加え、スラリー状にして対象地に注入し攪拌混合する方法を挙げることができる。
【0015】
【実施例】
特公平5−50458号で開示されているような塩素バイパス設備を用い、普通ポルトランド製造時のクリンカ焼成キルンから発生した排ガスダストを回収し、該ダスト1重量部に対し、約50℃の温水5重量部相当分を添加して約1時間攪拌しながら水洗処理を行った。処理後の水をベルトフィルターで濾過した。濾過分離後、5重量部の温水で固形渣物であるケーキの洗浄を行った。洗浄後のケーキは、105℃に保った乾燥機で乾燥し、表1で表わす鉱物組成の乾燥ケーキを得た。
【0016】
【表1】
【0017】
該乾燥ケーキは、ボールミルで比表面積が2500cm2/g以上になるまで粉砕した。この乾燥ケーキ粉砕物、市販の普通ポルトランドセメント、天然無水石膏、高炉スラグを用い、表2に記す配合量に混合し、粉末状の固化材を作製した。この固化材を表3に記した性状の粘性土、ヘドロを対象土とし、各1m3の対象土に対し、粘性土には80Kg、ヘドロには200Kgの割合で固化材を添加した。これを、ホバートミキサーで約5分間混練し、JIS A 1216に準拠した方法に準じ、材齢7日の一軸圧縮強さを測定した。その結果を併せて表2に記す。また参考のため消石灰からなる市販固化材を用いて同様の測定を行った。その結果も表2に記す。
【0018】
【表2】
【0019】
【表3】
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明の固化材は、従来ダスト廃棄物として処分されていたような塩素バイバスダストの有望な再資源活用先を創出したものであり、一般に使用されている消石灰系の固化材と比較してもその固化性状は遜色ない。その原料コストもかなり低く、その製造も既存のセメント排ガス脱塩処理設備に極めて簡単な装置・工程を組むだけで容易に行うことができる。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a solidified material made from dust generated in a cement manufacturing process such as cement kiln exhaust gas.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generated from cement kiln by chlorine bypass disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-50458 as a technology for separating and discharging volatile components such as alkali and chlorine contained in cement raw materials and calcined fuel at the time of cement production to the outside of the cement kiln system There has been known a method of performing an extraction process on exhaust gas. Further, the exhaust gas dust discharged by this treatment can be reused as a raw material for cement by washing and removing chlorine with the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 11-100233. And contribute to the reduction of cement raw material costs.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the exhaust gas dust has not been found to be used for anything other than as a cement raw material, and is still often disposed of. An object of this invention is to create the new utilization place of this waste gas dust.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors re-examined the mineral components of the dry cake obtained by washing the exhaust gas dust with water, and most of them were slaked lime, and similar to the components of inorganic solidified materials that are generally commercially available. As a result of studying to use this dried cake as a solidifying material, the solidifying material having the same or higher properties as the conventional product was obtained at a relatively low cost, and thus the present invention was completed. It came.
[0005]
That is, the present invention is a solidified material comprising a dry cake powder obtained by filtering water from which exhaust gas generated by cement clinker firing is blown and chlorine content is eluted.
[0006]
Moreover, this invention is the said solidification material which has as a main component the dry cake formed by filtering the water from which the waste gas which generate | occur | produces by cement clinker baking was blown, and the chlorine content eluted, and a hydraulic inorganic substance.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The solidified material of the present invention is mainly composed of a desalted cake dried product obtained by blowing the exhaust gas generated by cement clinker firing into water and filtering the water in which the chlorine content in the exhaust gas is eluted. is there. Specific means for obtaining such a cake can be preferably obtained by means similar to the water washing method for chlorine bypass dust disclosed in JP-A-11-100343. More specifically, the exhaust gas generated from the kiln by cement clinker firing is a fine powder such as fly ash, as well as vaporized components such as volatile substances such as chlorine and alkali, combustion gas, etc., which are obtained by reaction and decomposition of cement raw materials at high temperatures A solid content is included. This exhaust gas is extracted using a chlorine bypass facility as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-50458, and the coarse solid matter (coarse dust) classified by the classification unit of this apparatus is preferably subjected to clinker firing again. Return to the kiln as a raw material for cement, and wash the remaining exhaust gas, that is, high-temperature vaporized components and fine solids (fine dust) with the above equipment. The kiln exhaust gas blown into water mainly contains chlorine and water-soluble components dissolve in water. This water mixed with insoluble components is filtered to separate the liquid and insoluble solids, and the insoluble solids are dried to obtain a dry cake. The filtrate is sent to a wastewater treatment facility for detoxification if necessary. There are no particular limitations on the filtration and drying methods and the equipment used therefor, and any known method may be used. As a guide, the dry cake used for the solidifying material raw material has a chlorine concentration of 0.5% or less and a water content of less than about 0.5%.
[0008]
The resulting dried cake contains a large amount of slaked lime formed by reaction of quicklime dust, which is a raw material for cement formation, with water, and other ordinary cement raw materials such as calcium sulfate, silica, alkali metal oxides, and alumina. However, the chlorine content present in the dust is eluted in the water, so that the content is considerably reduced.
[0009]
The solidifying material of the present invention is a solidifying material containing such a dry cake. That is, the solidifying material of the present invention may be composed of only the dried cake or may contain other components in addition to the dried cake. In any case, it is preferable to use a powdery solidified material pulverized to a specific surface area of 2500 cm 2 / g or more because the activity of the solidified material itself is increased.
[0010]
As other components other than the dry cake of the solidified material of the present invention, a hydraulic inorganic material is preferable. The hydraulic inorganic substance may be a single compound or a composition or a mixture. More specifically, examples thereof include cement and blast furnace slag. As the cement, ordinary Portland cement is generally inexpensive and is most recommended as a hydraulic inorganic substance, but is not particularly limited as long as it is a known cement. Further, the solidified material can appropriately contain inorganic components other than hydraulic inorganic materials such as dry cake and cement, and may contain, for example, clay mineral, silica fume, calcium carbonate and the like.
[0011]
The blending ratio of the dry cake and the hydraulic inorganic material in producing the solidified material is not particularly limited, but preferably depends on the hydraulic inorganic material to be blended, more preferably according to the object using the solidified material. However, it is preferable to change the blending ratio in order to develop a more optimal solidification action. For example, in a solidified material containing a dry cake and cement, it is preferable to mix 100 parts by weight of cement and 5 to 200 parts by weight of dry cake. This is not preferable if the blending amount is less than 5 parts by weight, since the effect of blending the dry cake does not appear, and if the blending amount exceeds 200 parts by weight, it is difficult to obtain sufficient solidification strength.
[0012]
In addition, in a solidified material containing a plurality of hydraulic inorganic components, for example, a solidified material containing cement, blast furnace slag, and dried cake, the total of the plurality of hydraulic inorganic components is 50 to 2000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the dried cake. It is preferable to mix | blend. However, if the amount of the hydraulic inorganic component exceeds 2000 parts by weight, depending on the solidified product, the effect of blending the dried cake does not appear, and the stability of the solidification property may be easily lost. The component blending amount is not preferable because only a brittle solidified state can be obtained.
[0013]
Further, when the solidifying material contains an inorganic component other than the hydraulic inorganic substance, the content is preferably smaller than that of the dried cake and the hydraulic inorganic substance in order to ensure a sufficient solidifying action.
[0014]
The method of using the solidifying material of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, for use in soil improvement, soft ground solidification, etc., the powder is sprayed on the target ground and mixed with a stabilizer or the like. Or a method of adding water to the powder, making it into a slurry, pouring it into the target site, and stirring and mixing.
[0015]
【Example】
Using a chlorine bypass facility as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-50458, exhaust gas dust generated from a clinker calcining kiln at the time of normal Portland production is recovered, and hot water of about 50 ° C. is used with respect to 1 part by weight of the dust. An amount corresponding to 5 parts by weight was added, and washing with water was performed with stirring for about 1 hour. The treated water was filtered with a belt filter. After separation by filtration, the cake as a solid residue was washed with 5 parts by weight of hot water. The cake after washing was dried with a drier kept at 105 ° C. to obtain a dry cake having a mineral composition shown in Table 1.
[0016]
[Table 1]
[0017]
The dried cake was pulverized with a ball mill until the specific surface area was 2500 cm 2 / g or more. Using this dried cake pulverized product, commercially available ordinary Portland cement, natural anhydrous gypsum, and blast furnace slag, they were mixed in the amounts shown in Table 2 to prepare a powdery solidified material. This solidified material was treated with viscous soil and sludge having properties described in Table 3, and the solidified material was added at a rate of 80 kg for viscous soil and 200 kg for sludge with respect to each 1 m 3 of target soil. This was kneaded with a Hobart mixer for about 5 minutes, and the uniaxial compressive strength at age 7 days was measured in accordance with a method according to JIS A1216. The results are also shown in Table 2. For reference, the same measurement was performed using a commercially available solidified material made of slaked lime. The results are also shown in Table 2.
[0018]
[Table 2]
[0019]
[Table 3]
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
The solidifying material of the present invention has created a promising resource utilization destination of chlorine bypass dust that has been disposed of as dust waste in the past, even compared with commonly used slaked lime-based solidifying materials. Its solidification properties are comparable. The raw material cost is also very low, and its production can be easily performed only by assembling a very simple apparatus / process in an existing cement exhaust gas desalination treatment facility.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP30773699A JP4275268B2 (en) | 1999-10-28 | 1999-10-28 | Solidified material |
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JP30773699A JP4275268B2 (en) | 1999-10-28 | 1999-10-28 | Solidified material |
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JP2001130933A JP2001130933A (en) | 2001-05-15 |
JP4275268B2 true JP4275268B2 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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JP30773699A Expired - Fee Related JP4275268B2 (en) | 1999-10-28 | 1999-10-28 | Solidified material |
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KR20140016281A (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2014-02-07 | 솔베이(소시에떼아노님) | Process for the purification of a residue |
JP6683025B2 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2020-04-15 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Cement composition and method for producing the same |
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