JP4267732B2 - Water-based paint and paint finishing method using the same - Google Patents

Water-based paint and paint finishing method using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4267732B2
JP4267732B2 JP33830598A JP33830598A JP4267732B2 JP 4267732 B2 JP4267732 B2 JP 4267732B2 JP 33830598 A JP33830598 A JP 33830598A JP 33830598 A JP33830598 A JP 33830598A JP 4267732 B2 JP4267732 B2 JP 4267732B2
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Prior art keywords
water
paint
coating film
resin
polyisocyanate compound
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JP33830598A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000160097A (en
Inventor
有七 石原
純 繁谷
亮 高野
研哉 鈴木
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Kansai Paint Co Ltd
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Kansai Paint Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、下地調整材として有用な2液型水性塗料、及びこれを用いて良好な仕上り外観と高耐久性を有する複層塗膜を形成することが可能な塗装仕上げ方法に関する。本発明塗料は、高弾性と高架橋密度を両立させる塗膜を形成することができる。
【0002】
【従来技術及びその課題】
従来建築物壁面等の塗装には、下塗材、主材、上塗材などの塗装材を用いて装飾性のある凹凸模様などに仕上げる複層仕上げ塗装が一般的に行われている。かかる仕上げ塗装法としては、模様形成を目的とする主材の種類によって合成樹脂エマルジョン系複層仕上げ方法や、セメント系又はポリマ−セメント系複層仕上げ方法などが挙げられる。いずれにおいても工数や仕上りに一長一短があった。そこで本出願人は、従来の問題を解決すべく被塗面への付着性に優れた、弾性を有する下地調整材を塗装した後、上塗塗料を塗装する2層仕上げの塗装方法を提案した(例えば、特開平6−190332号等)。該方法によれば、従来の塗装工程を簡略化することができ、しかも良好な仕上り外観を有し、基材へのひび割れなどにも追随し得る高耐久性塗膜を形成することが可能となった。
【0003】
しかしながら、上記下地調整材は、低温雰囲気での伸び率が不十分であるため、寒冷地等の低温環境下では、基材のひび割れに追随できず塗膜にひび割れが発生する恐れがあった。該下地調整材において、低温環境下でも十分な弾性を与えるためには塗膜の架橋密度を低下させなければならず、この場合には耐水性や耐久性が低下するという問題もあった。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記問題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、下地調整材として特定の組成を有する2液型のイソシアネ−ト硬化塗料を用いることにより、低温環境下でも高弾性と高架橋密度を両立させる塗膜を形成できることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
すなわち本発明は、水酸基価5〜100mgKOH/g、ガラス転移温度−50〜0℃、重量平均分子量20,000〜400,000である水分散型樹脂(A)及び顔料(B)を含有するベ−ス塗料(I)に、1分子中少なくとも2個以上のイソシアネ−ト基を含有する化合物を含む架橋剤(II)を、ベ−ス塗料(I)中に含まれる水酸基1モルに対して架橋剤(II)中に含まれるイソシアネ−ト基が0.05〜3.0モルとなるように使用直前に混合してなる水性塗料であって、形成される塗膜における顔料体積濃度が30〜60%で、形成塗膜の伸び率が−10℃雰囲気で20%以上であることを特徴とする下地調整材用水性塗料、及びこれを用いた塗装仕上げ工法を提供するものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明においてベ−ス塗料(I)に用いられる水分散型樹脂(A)は、水酸基価5〜100mgKOH/g、好ましくは10〜50mgKOH/gで、ガラス転移温度−50〜0℃、好ましくは−40〜0℃、重量平均分子量20,000〜400,000、好ましくは20,000〜300,000のアクリル系、ポリエステル系、ポリウレタン系、シリコン系、フッ素系などのポリオ−ル樹脂であり、好ましくは、水酸基含有モノマ−及びこれと共重合可能な他の不飽和モノマ−を含むモノマ−混合物を乳化剤の存在下で乳化重合させることにより得られるアクリル系共重合体のエマルションである。
【0007】
上記水分散型樹脂(A)の水酸基価が5mgKOH/g未満では架橋点が乏しく塗膜物性が不十分となり、一方100mgKOH/gを越えると初期耐水性が低下し、さらに塗料粘度が高くなるため塗装作業性も低下するので好ましくない。
【0008】
また該水分散型樹脂(A)のガラス転移温度が−50℃未満では、形成膜の強度や耐水性が低下し、一方0℃を越えると、低温環境下において塗膜の柔軟性がなくなり基材のひびワレ等に追随できず、ワレなどが発生しやすくなるので好ましくない。さらに該水分散型樹脂(A)の重量平均分子量が20,000未満では、形成膜の耐候性、耐水性に劣り、一方400,000を越えると、他の塗料成分との相溶性に劣り造膜性、硬化性が低下するので望ましくない。
【0009】
上記好適なアクリル系共重合体の製造に用いられる水酸基含有モノマ−としては、例えば2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、2−ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレ−トなどのアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸の炭素数1〜6のヒドロキシアルキルエステル;ヒドロキシエチルビニルエ−テルなどのヒドロキシアルキルビニルエ−テル類;エチレングリコ−ルなどのグリコ−ル(炭素数2〜20)やポリエチレングリコ−ルなどのポリエ−テルポリオ−ルと(メタ)アクリル酸などの不飽和カルボン酸との等モル付加物;ポリエチレングリコ−ルなどのポリエ−テルポリオ−ルと2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレ−トなどの水酸基含有モノマ−とのモノエ−テルなどが挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上適宜選択して使用できる。
【0010】
また該共重合体の製造に用いられる他の不飽和モノマ−としては、例えばメチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、エチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、n−ブチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、i−ブチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、t−ブチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレ−ト等のアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸の炭素数1〜24のアルキルエステル又はシクロアルキルエステル;(メタ)アクリル酸などの不飽和カルボン酸、スルホエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト及びそのナトリウム塩もしくはアンモニウム塩;ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレ−ト、(メタ)アクリルアミド;スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等のビニル芳香族化合物;酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル、ビニルエ−テル、(メタ)アクリロニトリル;ビニルトリメトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン等のアルコキシシリル基含有モノマ−;パーフルオロブチルエチル(メタ)アクリレート、パーフルオロオクチルエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のパーフルオロアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;フルオロオレフィンなどが挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上適宜選択して使用できる。
【0011】
上記水分散型樹脂(A)は、ベ−ス塗料(I)のビヒクル成分中に固形分で20重量%以上、好ましくは50重量%以上、さらに好ましくは80重量%以上含有される。該含有量が20重量%未満では、耐水性や耐久性などの塗膜性能が十分得られないので好ましくない。
【0012】
ベ−ス塗料(I)のビヒクル成分として、必要に応じて併用される他の樹脂エマルションとしては、例えば、酢酸ビニルエマルション、アクリル樹脂エマルション、酢ビ−アクリルエマルション、エチレン−酢ビエマルション、シリコンアクリルエマルション、エポキシ樹脂エマルション、ウレタン樹脂エマルション、アルキド樹脂エマルション、ポリウレタンエマルションなどが挙げられ、また併用される水溶性樹脂としては、水溶性アクリル樹脂、ポリビニルアルコ−ル、天然もしくは合成ゴムラテックスなどが挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上適宜選択して使用できる。
【0013】
本発明においてベ−ス塗料(I)に用いられる顔料(B)としては、例えば酸化チタン、カ−ボンブラック、ベンガラなどの着色顔料、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、マイカ、クレ−、ケイ藻土、ケイ砂、パライトなどの体質顔料や骨材等が挙げられ、適宜選択して使用できる。
【0014】
上記顔料(B)は、形成される塗膜における顔料体積濃度(以下、「PVC」と略称することがある)が20〜70%、好ましくは30〜60%となるよう配合される必要がある。ここで「顔料体積濃度(PVC)」は樹脂及び顔料の混合物固形分に占める顔料分の体積割合である。該PVCが20%未満では得られる塗膜の肉持ち感が乏しくなり下地調整能が低下し、一方PVCが70%を越えると得られる塗膜の緻密性が低下し該塗膜上に上塗りを塗り重ねると上塗塗料の吸い込みムラが発生しやすく良好な仕上り外観が得られず、また該塗膜自体の膜物性も低下するので好ましくない。
【0015】
上記ベ−ス塗料(I)は、さらに必要に応じて、着色顔料や体質顔料などの顔料類;顔料分散剤、硬化触媒、消泡剤、増粘剤、造膜助剤、防腐剤、凍結防止剤などの塗料用添加剤を含有してもよい。
【0016】
このうち硬化触媒としては、特に制限なく従来公知のものが使用でき、例えばトリエチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トリブチルアミン、ジエタノ−ルアミン、トリエタノ−ルアミンなどのアミン触媒;ジブチル錫ジラウレ−ト、ジブチル錫オキサイド、オクチル酸錫、ナフテン酸鉛、ナフテン酸コバルトなどが使用でき、また消泡剤としては、例えばポリエ−テル系、ポリシロキサンとポリエ−テルの共重合系、ポリシロキサンとケイ酸の縮合物系、金属石鹸系などが使用できる。
【0017】
本発明において架橋剤(II)は、1分子中少なくとも2個以上のイソシアネ−ト基を含有する化合物を含むものであり、該架橋剤(II)として、1分子中にイソシアネ−ト基を少なくとも2個以上含有するポリイソシアネ−ト化合物を、このままで或いは界面活性剤と共に使用して上記ベ−ス塗料(I)に添加し攪拌混合することができ、さらに水分散性の点からは該ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物を界面活性剤などにより変性して使用することが好適である。かかる変性物としては、従来公知の手法により親水性鎖を導入してなるものであれば特に制限なく使用でき、例えば(i)アルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との反応生成物、(ii)ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物にアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとジアルカノ−ルアミンとを反応させることにより得られる乳化剤と、ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との混合物、(iii )アルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との反応生成物とアミノ・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂とからなるポリウレタンアミノ樹脂共重合体、及び(iv)上記(i)又は(ii)と片末端に水酸基又はアミノ基をもう片末端にアルコキシシリル基を有するシランカップリング剤との反応生成物又は混合物などが挙げられ、これらの中から適宜選択して使用できる。
【0018】
該ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物としては、例えばテトラメチレンジイソシアネ−ト、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−ト、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−ト、イソホロンジイソシアネ−トなどの脂肪族ジイソシアネ−ト;4・4´−メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルイソシアネ−ト)、イソホロンジイソシアネ−トなどの脂環族ジイソシアネ−ト;キシリレンジイソシアネ−ト、トリレンジイソシアネ−ト、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネ−ト、ポリフェニルメタンジイソシアネ−ト(以下ポリメリックMDI)などの芳香族ジイソシアネ−ト;及びこれらのイソシアヌレ−ト体やビュウレット体等の類似の化合物が挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上混合して使用できる。
【0019】
上記ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物とアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとの反応生成物(i)は、残存イソシアネ−ト含量が20〜30重量%となるように反応せしめてなる水分散可能なポリイソシアネ−トであり、具体的には、上記ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物とアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとを、イソシアネ−ト基/水酸基の当量比が3〜30好ましくは10〜25程度となるよう反応させるのが適当である。該アルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとしては、一般式R1 O−(R2 O)n −H(ここでR1 はアルキル基、R2 はアルキレン基、nは2〜100)で示されるものであり、例えばメトキシポリメチレンエ−テルグリコ−ル、メトキシポリエチレンエ−テルグリコ−ル、エトキシポリエチレンエ−テルグリコ−ル、エトキシポリブチレンエ−テルグリコ−ルなどが挙げられ、分子量が100〜4,000、好ましくは400〜2,000の範囲を有するものが使用できる。
【0020】
上記ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物にアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとジアルカノ−ルアミンとを反応させることにより得られる乳化剤と、ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との混合物(ii)は、水分散可能なポリイソシアネ−ト組成物であり、該乳化剤とポリイソシアネ−ト化合物とをイソシアネ−ト含量が3〜50重量%、好ましくは5〜30重量%となるように混合したものが適当であり、これらは一部反応させておいてもよい。
【0021】
該乳化剤は、ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物とアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとをイソシアネ−ト基/水酸基の当量比が3〜30、好ましくは10〜25程度となるよう反応させた後、未反応のポリイソシアネ−ト化合物を除去し、次いでジアルカノ−ルアミンをイソシアネ−ト基/アミノ基の当量比が0.5〜2、好ましくは0.8〜1.2程度となるよう反応させることにより得られる。該乳化剤の製造に用いられるアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルは、上記(i)と同様のものが使用でき、該ジアルカノ−ルアミンとしては、例えばジメタノ−ルアミン、ジエタノ−ルアミン、ジイソプロパノ−ルアミン、ジエタノ−ルアニリン等が使用できる。
【0022】
上記アルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との反応生成物と、アミノ・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂とからなるポリウレタンアミノ樹脂共重合体(iii)は、前記(i)で得られる反応生成物にアミノ・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂を、残存イソシアネ−ト含量が15〜30%となるように反応せしめて得ることができる。
【0023】
該共重合体(iii)の製造に用いられるアミノ・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂としては、例えばメラミン、尿素、ベンゾグアナミン、アセトグアナミンなどのアミノ化合物とホルムアルデヒドとの反応によって得られるものが使用でき、さらにこれをアルコ−ルによってエ−テル化したものも使用できる。エ−テル化に用いられるアルコ−ルはメタノ−ル、エタノ−ル、n−,i−プロパノ−ル、n−,i−,t−ブタノ−ルなどが挙げられる。
【0024】
また上記(i)又は(ii)と片末端に水酸基又はアミノ基をもう片末端にアルコキシシリル基を有するシランカップリング剤との反応生成物又は混合物(iv)は、上記(i)又は(ii)の水分散可能に親水化されたポリイソシアネ−トのイソシアネ−ト基にシランカップリング剤の水酸基又はアミノ基をイソシアネ−ト基/水酸基又はアミノ基の当量比が3〜30で反応させることにより得られる、残存イソシアネ−ト含量が3〜50重量%、好ましくは5〜30重量%の反応生成物又は混合物である。該含量が3重量%未満では、得られる塗膜の耐水性に劣り、一方50重量%を越えると、架橋剤の水分散性が悪くなるので望ましくない。
【0025】
上記シランカップリング剤としては、例えばN−β−(アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−β−(アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N−フェニル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシランなどが挙げられる。また上記反応生成物の製造に用いられるアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルは、上記(i)と同様のものが使用できる。上記(i)〜(iv)のうち架橋剤(II)としては、特に水分散時の安定性の面から親水性と疎水性のバランスのとれた(iv)が好適である。
【0026】
上記の通り2液型水性塗料は、上記ベ−ス塗料(I)及び架橋剤(II)からなり、これらはベ−ス塗料(I)中に含まれる水酸基1モルに対して架橋剤(II)中に含まれるイソシアネ−ト基が0.05〜3.0モル、好ましくは0.1〜2.5モルとなるように使用直前に混合して使用に供する。
【0027】
本発明の水性塗料には、さらに必要に応じて界面活性剤、分散剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、造膜助剤、防腐剤、凍結防止剤、有機溶剤などの塗料用添加剤を配合することができる。
【0028】
また本発明塗料による形成塗膜の伸び率は、−10℃雰囲気で20%以上、好ましくは30〜100%であることが必要であり、さらに20℃雰囲気では30%以上、好ましくは50〜300%であることが望ましい。ここで塗膜の伸び率は、恒温槽付万能引張試験機(島津製作所製、オ−トグラフAG2000B型)を用い、−10℃及び20℃において引張速度200mm/分で測定したときの値であり、測定に使用する試料はJIS A 6909に従って作成したものである。上記伸び率がこれら未満では、基材のひびワレに追随できなくなるので好ましくない。
【0029】
本発明はまた、被塗面に上記の通り得られる本発明の水性塗料を塗布した後、その上に上塗塗料を塗布してなる塗装仕上げ方法を提供する。
【0030】
被塗面として従来公知の基材面や旧塗膜面に適用でき、該基材としては、特に制限されるものではないが、例えばコンクリ−ト面、モルタル面、スレ−ト板、PC板、ALC板、コンクリ−トブロック面、木材、石材、プラスチック、金属などが挙げられ、また旧塗膜としてはこれら基材上に設けられたアクリル樹脂系、アクリルウレタン樹脂系、ポリウレタン樹脂系、フッ素樹脂系、シリコンアクリル樹脂系、酢酸ビニル樹脂系などの旧塗膜面が挙げられる。これらはそれぞれ適宜素地調整や、必要に応じてプライマ−塗装などを行なっておくことが好ましい。
【0031】
本発明では上記の通り得られる本発明の水性塗料を弾性ベ−ス塗料として使用し、各種素材面やその塗装面などの被塗面に塗装した後、上塗塗料を塗装して仕上げる。
【0032】
本発明方法で使用される上塗塗料としては、特に制限なく従来公知の仕上り面の着色や光沢の付与、また耐候性、防水性などを付与しうる水系または有機溶剤系の塗料が適用でき、例えばアクリル樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、フッ素樹脂、シリコンアクリル樹脂などを主成分とするものが挙げられる。
【0033】
本発明の塗装仕上げ方法は、前記水性塗料を上記被塗面にロ−ラ−、エアスプレ−、エアレススプレ−、リシンガン、万能ガン、ハケなどの公知の塗装器具を用いて塗装して弾性ベ−ス塗膜層を形成し、次いで該塗面上に上塗塗料を上記と同様の塗装器具で塗装器具で塗装して上塗塗膜層を形成することからなる。
【0034】
本発明方法において、上記弾性ベ−ス用の水性塗料の塗布量は、0.2〜1.5kg/m2 、好ましくは0.3〜1.3kg/m2 が適当である。該塗料の塗装は被塗面の全面にわたって平滑面、もしくは滑らかな凹凸面(ゆず肌状、クレ−タ−状などの模様)などとなるように行われるのが好ましい。また上塗塗料の塗布量は、0.1〜0.5kg/m2 程度が適当である。
【0035】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。尚、「部」及び「%」はそれぞれ「重量部」及び「重量%」を示す。
【0036】
水分散型共重合体の製造
製造例1
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、窒素導入管を備えた容量2リットルの4つ口フラスコに脱イオン水309部、Newcol707SF(日本乳化剤社製、アニオン界面活性剤、不揮発分30%)1.1部を加え窒素置換後攪拌しながら85℃に保った。この中に下記組成をエマルション化してなるプレエマルションのうち21部及び過硫酸アンモニウム0.32部を添加し、添加20分後から残りのプレエマルションを4時間かけて滴下した。
【0037】
脱イオン水 325 部
Newcol 707SF 43.3〃
メチルメタクリレ−ト 24 〃
スチレン 24 〃
n−ブチルメタクリレ−ト 530 〃
2−エチルヘキシルメタクリレ−ト 33 〃
2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレ−ト 32.5〃
アクリル酸 6.5〃
過硫酸アンモニウム 1.5〃
滴下終了時から2時間85℃に保持した後、40℃に降温した。アンモニア水でpH8.5に調整し固形分50%、重量平均分子量120,000の水分散型共重合体(A)を得た。
【0038】
製造例2〜7
製造例1においてプレエマルションのモノマ−量及び触媒量を表1の通りとする以外は製造例1と同様の操作で水分散型共重合体(B)〜(G)を得た。
【0039】
【表1】

Figure 0004267732
【0040】
架橋剤の作成
作成例1
攪拌機、温度計、還流管、窒素導入管を備えた4つ口フラスコに、数平均分子量550のメトキシポリエチレンエ−テルグリコ−ル41部と「タケネ−トD170HN」(武田薬品工業社製、1,6−ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−トの三量体)504部を入れ、窒素置換後70℃で6時間反応させて水分散可能なポリイソシアネ−ト▲1▼を得た。イソシアネ−ト含量は22.9%、粘度1300cpsであった。
【0041】
作成例2
作成例1と同様のフラスコに、数平均分子量550のメトキシポリエチレンエ−テルグリコ−ル225部と1,6−ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−ト871部を入れ、窒素置換後70℃で6時間反応させた。得られた反応液を薄膜蒸留装置にかけ、未反応の1,6−ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−トを取り除き、メトキシポリエチレンエ−テルグリコ−ルを有するモノイソシアネ−ト化合物を得た。次いで同様の別フラスコに、ジエタノ−ルアミン37部を入れ、窒素置換後空冷しながら作成例1で得たメトキシポリエチレンエ−テルグリコ−ルを有するモノイソシアネ−ト化合物250部を反応温度が70℃を越えないように徐々に滴下した。滴下終了後、約1時間70℃で攪拌しイソシアネ−ト基が消失したことを確認し、乳化剤を得た。
【0042】
別フラスコにこの乳化剤42部と「タケネ−トD170HN」(武田薬品工業社製、1,6−ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−トの三量体)358部を入れ、70℃で6時間攪拌することにより、水分散可能なポリイソシアネ−ト組成物▲2▼を得た。イソシアネ−ト含量は19.3%、粘度2000cpsであった。
【0043】
作成例3
作成例1と同様のフラスコに、「ミリオネ−トMR−200」(日本ポリウレタン工業社製、ポリメリックメチレンジイソシアネ−ト)970部を仕込み、次いで「MPG−081」(日本乳化剤工業社製、メトキシポリエチレングリコ−ル)30部を加えて昇温し、70℃で3時間反応させて、イソシアネ−ト含量29.4%の茶褐色透明のプレポリマ−を得た。さらに70℃に保持したままアミノ・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂80部を加え3時間反応させて水分散可能なポリウレタンアミノ樹脂共重合体▲3▼を得た。イソシアネ−ト含量は27.1%、粘度450cpsであった。
【0044】
作成例4
作成例1と同様のフラスコに、作成例2で得た乳化剤42部と「タケネ−トD170HN」(武田薬品工業社製、1,6−ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−トの三量体)358部を入れ、さらにN−β−(アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン12部を入れ、70℃で6時間攪拌することにより、水分散可能なポリイソシアネ−ト▲4▼を得た。イソシアネ−ト含量は17.7%、粘度800cpsであった。
【0045】
下地調整材用水性塗料の作成
実施例1〜7及び比較例1〜4
上記製造例で得た水分散型共重合体に、表2に示す成分を配合し、攪拌混合して各ベ−ス塗料を得た。尚、表2中における(注1)〜(注4)は下記の通りである。
【0046】
得られたベ−ス塗料に、上記作成例で得た架橋剤を表2に示す組合せ及び配合量で配合し、攪拌して各水性塗料を得た。得られた水性塗料を下記性能試験に供した。結果を表2に示す。
【0047】
(注1)体質顔料:比重2.7の炭酸カルシウム
(注2)増粘剤:2.5%ヒドロキシエチルセルロ−ス水溶液
(注3)消泡剤:「SNデフォ−マ−A63」、サンノプコ社製
(注4)分散剤:「ノプコサントK」、サンノプコ社製
性能試験方法
(*1)乾燥性:ベ−ス塗料に架橋剤を混合して1時間後に、この水性塗料を150ミクロンのアプリケ−タ−でガラス板に塗装し、20℃・60%RHの雰囲気で1時間放置した。1時間後の塗膜の乾燥性を指触で評価した。
【0048】
○:完全硬化又は半硬化(塗膜を指で押すと跡がつくがしばらくすると元に戻る)
×:指触乾燥以下(塗膜表面は乾燥しているが内部は乾燥していない)
(*2)初期耐水性:ベ−ス塗料に架橋剤を混合して1時間後に、この水性塗料を150ミクロンのアプリケ−タ−でガラス板に塗装し、20℃・60%RHの雰囲気で4時間放置した。次いで該塗板を水に30分間浸漬し、引上げ後の塗膜状態を目視で評価した。
【0049】
○:浸漬前と比べて変化なし
△:塗膜が僅かに軟化するが30分以内に元に戻る
×:塗膜が軟化する、又は塗膜にフクレが発生する
(*3)形成塗膜の伸び率:ベ−ス塗料に架橋剤を混合して1時間後に、この水性塗料を用いてJIS A 6909に準じ試験片を作成した。該乾燥塗膜の伸び率を引張試験機オ−トグラフAG2000B型(島津製作所製)を用い、−10℃雰囲気で引張速度200mm/分にて測定した。
【0050】
【表2】
Figure 0004267732
【0051】
塗装
実施例8〜14及び比較例5〜9
上記で得た各下地調整材用水性塗料(ベ−ス塗料に架橋剤を混合し1時間放置)を水で塗装適性粘度に調整した後、モルタル板(90×300×20mm)上に砂骨ロ−ラ−で塗布量が約1.0kg/m2 となるように塗装し、20℃・75%RHで1日乾燥させた。次に下地調整材塗膜上に表3に示す上塗塗料をエアレススプレ−により塗布量が約0.2kg/m2 となるように塗装し、20℃・75%RHで7日乾燥させて塗装仕上げ板を得た。得られた塗装仕上げ板を下記性能試験に供した。結果を表3に示す。尚、表3におけるa〜eの上塗塗料種、及び性能試験方法は下記の通りである。
【0052】
上塗塗料種
a.「アレスレタン」:溶剤型アクリルウレタン樹脂系上塗塗料、関西ペイント社製
b.「アレスアクアレタン」:水性アクリルウレタン樹脂系上塗塗料、関西ペイント社製
c.「アレスアクアシリコンAC」:水性アクリルシリコン樹脂系上塗塗料、関西ペイント社製
d.「アレスフロン」:溶剤型フッ素樹脂系上塗塗料、関西ペイント社製
e.「アレスアクアグロス」:水性アクリル樹脂系上塗塗料、関西ペイント社製性能試験方法
(*4)仕上り外観:各塗装仕上げ板の塗膜表面の仕上り外観を目視で評価した。
【0053】
○:光沢があり、均一にムラなく仕上っている
×:上塗塗料の吸い込みムラ等で均一に仕上っていない
(*5)耐水性:各塗装仕上げ板を20℃環境下で水没し、7日後の塗膜外観を目視で評価した。
【0054】
○:異常なし
×:剥がれ、ひびワレ、膨れ、著しい変色、光沢低下のいずれか1つ以上が認められる
(*6)汚れ外観:各塗装仕上げ板を神奈川県平塚市にて3か月間屋外暴露した後、塗膜の汚れの程度を目視で評価した。
【0055】
○:汚れがほとんど認められない
×:汚れが目立つ
(*7)形成塗膜の伸び率:各下地調整材用水性塗料及び上塗塗料を用いて、JIS A 6909に準じ試験片を作成した。該複層塗膜(乾燥塗膜)の伸び率を引張試験機オ−トグラフAG2000B型(島津製作所製)を用い、−10℃雰囲気で引張速度200mm/分にて測定し、下記基準で評価した。
【0056】
○:伸び率が20%以上
×: 〃 20%未満
【0057】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、下地調整材として有用な2液型水性塗料が得られ、低温環境下でも高弾性と高架橋密度を両立させる下地塗膜が形成できる。従って、これを用いて良好な仕上り外観と高耐久性を有する複層塗膜の形成が可能である。
【0058】
【表3】
Figure 0004267732
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a two-component water-based paint useful as a base conditioning material, and a paint finishing method capable of forming a multilayer coating film having a good finished appearance and high durability using the two-component water-based paint. The paint of the present invention can form a coating film that achieves both high elasticity and high crosslink density.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Conventionally, a multi-layer finish coating is generally performed on a building wall or the like by using a coating material such as an undercoat material, a main material, or a top coat material to finish a decorative uneven pattern. Examples of the finish coating method include a synthetic resin emulsion-based multi-layer finishing method and a cement-based or polymer-cement-based multi-layer finishing method, depending on the type of main material for pattern formation. In both cases, there were advantages and disadvantages in man-hours and finishing. In order to solve the conventional problems, the present applicant has proposed a two-layer finish coating method in which an overcoat coating material is applied after applying an elastic base conditioner having excellent adhesion to the surface to be coated ( For example, Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-190332 etc.). According to this method, the conventional coating process can be simplified, and it is possible to form a highly durable coating film that has a good finished appearance and can follow cracks on the substrate. became.
[0003]
However, since the elongation rate in the low-temperature atmosphere is insufficient, the base preparation material cannot follow the base material cracks in a low-temperature environment such as a cold district, and there is a possibility that the coating film may crack. In order to give sufficient elasticity even in a low temperature environment in the undercoat preparation material, the crosslinking density of the coating film has to be lowered, and in this case, there is a problem that water resistance and durability are lowered.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have achieved high elasticity and high crosslink density even in a low temperature environment by using a two-component isocyanate curable paint having a specific composition as a base preparation. The inventors have found that it is possible to form a coating film that is compatible, and have completed the present invention.
[0005]
That is, the present invention includes a water-dispersed resin (A) and a pigment (B) having a hydroxyl value of 5 to 100 mgKOH / g, a glass transition temperature of −50 to 0 ° C., and a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 400,000. -The cross-linking agent (II) containing a compound containing at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule is added to the base paint (I) with respect to 1 mol of hydroxyl group contained in the base paint (I). An aqueous paint obtained by mixing immediately before use so that the isocyanate group contained in the crosslinking agent (II) is 0.05 to 3.0 mol, and the pigment volume concentration in the formed coating film is30-60%, And the elongation of the formed coating film is 20% or more in an atmosphere of −10 ° C.For ground conditionerA water-based paint and a paint finishing method using the same are provided.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the water-dispersed resin (A) used for the base paint (I) has a hydroxyl value of 5 to 100 mgKOH / g, preferably 10 to 50 mgKOH / g, and a glass transition temperature of -50 to 0 ° C., preferably A polyol resin such as acrylic, polyester, polyurethane, silicon, and fluorine having a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 400,000, preferably 20,000 to 300,000, Preferably, it is an acrylic copolymer emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing a hydroxyl group-containing monomer and another unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith in the presence of an emulsifier.
[0007]
When the hydroxyl value of the water-dispersible resin (A) is less than 5 mgKOH / g, the crosslinking point is poor and the coating film properties are insufficient. On the other hand, when it exceeds 100 mgKOH / g, the initial water resistance decreases and the coating viscosity increases. This is not preferable because the coating workability is also lowered.
[0008]
When the water-dispersed resin (A) has a glass transition temperature of less than −50 ° C., the strength and water resistance of the formed film are lowered. On the other hand, when it exceeds 0 ° C., the flexibility of the coating film is lost in a low-temperature environment. This is not preferable because cracks of the material cannot be followed and cracks are likely to occur. Further, when the weight average molecular weight of the water-dispersible resin (A) is less than 20,000, the formed film is inferior in weather resistance and water resistance. On the other hand, when it exceeds 400,000, it is inferior in compatibility with other paint components. Since film property and curability deteriorate, it is not desirable.
[0009]
Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing monomer used for the production of the preferred acrylic copolymer include acrylic acid or methacrylic acid such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate. A hydroxyalkyl ester having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; a hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether such as hydroxyethyl vinyl ether; a glycol such as ethylene glycol (2 to 20 carbon atoms) and a polyethylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol. An equimolar adduct of terpolyol and an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth) acrylic acid; a polyether polyol such as polyethylene glycol and a hydroxyl group-containing monomer such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate -And monoether, etc., and these can be used by appropriately selecting one or two or more. That.
[0010]
Examples of other unsaturated monomers used in the production of the copolymer include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl ( Carbon of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid such as (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, etc. An alkyl ester or a cycloalkyl ester of formulas 1 to 24; unsaturated carboxylic acid such as (meth) acrylic acid, sulfoethyl (meth) acrylate and sodium salt or ammonium salt thereof; dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, ( (Meth) acrylamide; vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene; vinegar Vinyl, vinyl chloride, vinyl ether, (meth) acrylonitrile; alkoxysilyl group-containing monomers such as vinyltrimethoxysilane and γ- (meth) acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; perfluorobutylethyl (meth) acrylate, perfluoro Examples include perfluoroalkyl (meth) acrylates such as octylethyl (meth) acrylate; fluoroolefins, and the like, which can be appropriately selected from one or more.
[0011]
The water-dispersed resin (A) is contained in the vehicle component of the base paint (I) in a solid content of 20% by weight or more, preferably 50% by weight or more, and more preferably 80% by weight or more. When the content is less than 20% by weight, coating performance such as water resistance and durability cannot be obtained sufficiently, which is not preferable.
[0012]
Examples of other resin emulsions used as a vehicle component of the base paint (I) include vinyl acetate emulsion, acrylic resin emulsion, vinyl acetate acrylic emulsion, ethylene vinyl acetate emulsion, and silicon acrylic. Emulsions, epoxy resin emulsions, urethane resin emulsions, alkyd resin emulsions, polyurethane emulsions, and the like. Examples of water-soluble resins used in combination include water-soluble acrylic resins, polyvinyl alcohol, and natural or synthetic rubber latex. These can be used by appropriately selecting one or two or more.
[0013]
Examples of the pigment (B) used in the base paint (I) in the present invention include coloring pigments such as titanium oxide, carbon black, and bengara, calcium carbonate, talc, mica, clay, diatomaceous earth, and silica. Examples include extender pigments such as sand and pearlite, aggregates, and the like, which can be appropriately selected and used.
[0014]
The pigment (B) needs to be blended so that the pigment volume concentration (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “PVC”) in the coating film to be formed is 20 to 70%, preferably 30 to 60%. . Here, “pigment volume concentration (PVC)” is the volume ratio of the pigment to the solid content of the resin and pigment mixture. When the PVC is less than 20%, the feeling of the resulting coating film is poor and the base preparation ability is lowered. On the other hand, when the PVC exceeds 70%, the denseness of the resulting coating film is lowered and the overcoating is applied on the coating film. Overcoating is not preferable because uneven coating of the top coating tends to occur and a good finished appearance cannot be obtained, and film properties of the coating film itself are deteriorated.
[0015]
The base paint (I) may further include, if necessary, pigments such as color pigments and extender pigments; pigment dispersants, curing catalysts, antifoaming agents, thickeners, film-forming aids, preservatives, freezing agents. You may contain paint additives, such as an inhibitor.
[0016]
Among these, as the curing catalyst, conventionally known ones can be used without any particular limitation. For example, amine catalysts such as triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine; dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin oxide, Tin octylate, lead naphthenate, cobalt naphthenate and the like can be used, and examples of the antifoaming agent include a polyether system, a polysiloxane-polyether copolymer system, a polysiloxane-silicic acid condensate system, Metal soap type can be used.
[0017]
In the present invention, the crosslinking agent (II) includes a compound containing at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule, and the crosslinking agent (II) contains at least an isocyanate group in one molecule. The polyisocyanate compound containing two or more compounds can be added to the base paint (I) as it is or in combination with a surfactant and stirred and mixed. From the viewpoint of water dispersibility, the polyisocyanate compound can be added. It is preferable to modify the compound with a surfactant or the like. Such a modified product can be used without particular limitation as long as it has a hydrophilic chain introduced by a conventionally known method. For example, (i) a reaction product of an alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and a polyisocyanate compound, (Ii) a mixture of an emulsifier obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate compound with an alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and a dialkanolamine, and a polyisocyanate compound, (iii) an alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and a polyisocyanate. A polyurethane amino resin copolymer comprising a reaction product with a compound and an amino-formaldehyde resin, and (iv) the above (i) or (ii) and a hydroxyl group or amino group at one end and an alkoxysilyl group at the other end. Examples include reaction products or mixtures with silane coupling agents. It can be used by appropriately selecting from these.
[0018]
Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include aliphatic diisocyanates such as tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate; Alicyclic diisocyanates such as 4'-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), isophorone diisocyanate; xylylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyphenyl Aromatic diisocyanates such as methane diisocyanate (hereinafter referred to as polymeric MDI); and similar compounds such as isocyanurates and burettes, etc., which are used alone or in combination of two or more it can.
[0019]
The reaction product (i) of the polyisocyanate compound and alkoxy polyalkylene glycol is a water-dispersible polyisocyanate that is reacted so that the residual isocyanate content is 20 to 30% by weight. Specifically, it is appropriate to react the polyisocyanate compound and the alkoxypolyalkylene glycol so that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group / hydroxyl group is 3 to 30, preferably about 10 to 25. . Examples of the alkoxypolyalkylene glycol include the general formula R1O- (R2O)n-H (where R1Is an alkyl group, R2Are alkylene groups, and n is 2 to 100). For example, methoxypolymethylene ether glycol, methoxypolyethylene ether glycol, ethoxypolyethylene ether glycol, ethoxypolybutylene ether glycol- And those having a molecular weight of 100 to 4,000, preferably 400 to 2,000 can be used.
[0020]
A mixture (ii) of an emulsifier obtained by reacting an alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and a dialkanolamine with the polyisocyanate compound and a polyisocyanate compound is a water-dispersible polyisocyanate composition. A mixture of the emulsifier and the polyisocyanate compound so that the isocyanate content is 3 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, is suitable, and these may be partially reacted. Good.
[0021]
The emulsifier is prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate compound and an alkoxypolyalkylene glycol so that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group / hydroxyl group is 3 to 30, preferably about 10 to 25, and then unreacted polyisocyanate. And then the dialkanolamine is reacted so that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group / amino group is about 0.5 to 2, preferably about 0.8 to 1.2. The alkoxypolyalkylene glycol used in the production of the emulsifier can be the same as the above (i), and examples of the dialkanolamine include dimethanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, and diethanolaniline. Etc. can be used.
[0022]
A polyurethane amino resin copolymer (iii) comprising a reaction product of the above alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and a polyisocyanate compound and an amino-formaldehyde resin is added to the reaction product obtained in the above (i). The formaldehyde resin can be obtained by reacting so that the residual isocyanate content is 15 to 30%.
[0023]
As the amino / formaldehyde resin used for the production of the copolymer (iii), for example, those obtained by reaction of amino compounds such as melamine, urea, benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine and formaldehyde can be used. A material etherified with a dye can also be used. Examples of the alcohol used for the etherification include methanol, ethanol, n-, i-propanol, n-, i-, t-butanol and the like.
[0024]
The reaction product or mixture (iv) of (i) or (ii) above and a silane coupling agent having a hydroxyl group or amino group at one end and an alkoxysilyl group at the other end is the above (i) or (ii) ) Of the polyisocyanate hydrophilized so as to be water-dispersible with the hydroxyl group or amino group of the silane coupling agent at an equivalent ratio of isocyanate group / hydroxyl group or amino group of 3 to 30. The resulting reaction product or mixture has a residual isocyanate content of 3 to 50% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight. When the content is less than 3% by weight, the resulting coating film is inferior in water resistance. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 50% by weight, the water dispersibility of the crosslinking agent is deteriorated.
[0025]
Examples of the silane coupling agent include N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. N-phenyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like. Moreover, the alkoxy polyalkylene glycol used for manufacture of the said reaction product can use the thing similar to said (i). Among the above (i) to (iv), the crosslinking agent (II) is preferably (iv) having a balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity particularly from the viewpoint of stability during water dispersion.
[0026]
As described above, the two-component water-based paint comprises the base paint (I) and the cross-linking agent (II), and these contain a cross-linking agent (II) with respect to 1 mol of hydroxyl group contained in the base paint (I). ) Is used immediately before use so that the isocyanate group contained in it is 0.05 to 3.0 mol, preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mol.
[0027]
If necessary, the water-based paint of the present invention may further contain paint additives such as surfactants, dispersants, antifoaming agents, thickeners, film-forming aids, preservatives, antifreeze agents, and organic solvents. can do.
[0028]
Further, the elongation percentage of the formed coating film by the paint of the present invention needs to be 20% or more, preferably 30 to 100% in an atmosphere of −10 ° C., and more preferably 30% or more, preferably 50 to 300 in a 20 ° C. atmosphere. % Is desirable. Here, the elongation percentage of the coating film is a value when measured at −10 ° C. and 20 ° C. at a tensile speed of 200 mm / min using a universal tensile tester with a thermostatic bath (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, Autograph AG2000B type). The sample used for the measurement is prepared according to JIS A 6909. If the elongation percentage is less than these, it is not preferable because it cannot follow the crack of the base material.
[0029]
The present invention also provides a coating finishing method in which the water-based paint of the present invention obtained as described above is applied to the surface to be coated, and then a top coating is applied thereon.
[0030]
The surface to be coated can be applied to a conventionally known substrate surface or an old coating surface, and the substrate is not particularly limited. For example, a concrete surface, a mortar surface, a slate plate, a PC plate , ALC plate, concrete block surface, wood, stone, plastic, metal, etc. Also, as the old coating film, acrylic resin type, acrylic urethane resin type, polyurethane resin type, fluorine resin provided on these substrates For example, the old paint film surface such as a system, a silicon acrylic resin system, and a vinyl acetate resin system can be used. Each of these is preferably subjected to substrate adjustment as appropriate, and primer coating as necessary.
[0031]
In the present invention, the water-based paint of the present invention obtained as described above is used as an elastic base paint, and is applied to a surface to be coated such as various material surfaces and its painted surface, and then a top coating material is applied and finished.
[0032]
As the top coating used in the method of the present invention, water-based or organic solvent-based paints that can impart conventionally known coloring and gloss of finished surfaces, weather resistance, waterproofing, etc. can be applied without particular limitation. Examples thereof include those mainly composed of an acrylic resin, an acrylic urethane resin, a polyurethane resin, a fluorine resin, a silicon acrylic resin, and the like.
[0033]
In the painting finishing method of the present invention, the water-based paint is applied to the surface to be coated by using a known coating tool such as a roller, an air spray, an airless spray, a lysing gun, a universal gun, a brush, or the like. The coating film layer is formed, and then the top coating film is coated on the coating surface with a coating tool similar to the above to form the top coating film layer.
[0034]
In the method of the present invention, the coating amount of the water-based paint for the elastic base is 0.2 to 1.5 kg / m.2, Preferably 0.3 to 1.3 kg / m2Is appropriate. The coating of the paint is preferably performed so that the entire surface to be coated becomes a smooth surface or a smooth concavo-convex surface (pattern such as a yuzu skin shape or a crater shape). The coating amount of the top coating is 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m2The degree is appropriate.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. “Parts” and “%” indicate “parts by weight” and “% by weight”, respectively.
[0036]
Production of water-dispersed copolymer
Production Example 1
Deionized water 309 parts, Newcol 707SF (manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd., anionic surfactant, non-volatile content 30%) in a 2 liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, reflux tube and nitrogen inlet tube Was added, and the mixture was kept at 85 ° C. with stirring. In this, 21 parts and 0.32 part of ammonium persulfate were added among the pre-emulsions formed by emulsifying the following composition, and the remaining pre-emulsions were added dropwise over 4 hours 20 minutes after the addition.
[0037]
325 parts deionized water
Newcol 707SF 43.3〃
Methyl methacrylate 24 〃
Styrene 24 〃
n-Butyl methacrylate 530〃
2-ethylhexyl methacrylate 33 〃
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate 32.5 メ タ
Acrylic acid 6.5〃
Ammonium persulfate 1.5〃
After maintaining at 85 ° C. for 2 hours from the end of dropping, the temperature was lowered to 40 ° C. A water-dispersed copolymer (A) having a solid content of 50% and a weight average molecular weight of 120,000 was adjusted to pH 8.5 with aqueous ammonia.
[0038]
Production Examples 2-7
Water-dispersed copolymers (B) to (G) were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the amount of monomer and catalyst in the pre-emulsion were as shown in Table 1 in Production Example 1.
[0039]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004267732
[0040]
Creating a crosslinking agent
Creation example 1
In a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux tube, and a nitrogen introduction tube, 41 parts of methoxypolyethylene ether glycol having a number average molecular weight of 550 and “Takenet D170HN” (manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer) 504 parts were added, and the mixture was purged with nitrogen and reacted at 70 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain water-dispersible polyisocyanate (1). The isocyanate content was 22.9% and the viscosity was 1300 cps.
[0041]
Creation example 2
In a flask similar to Preparation Example 1, 225 parts of methoxypolyethylene ether glycol having a number average molecular weight of 550 and 871 parts of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate were placed and reacted at 70 ° C. for 6 hours after nitrogen substitution. It was. The obtained reaction solution was applied to a thin-film distillation apparatus to remove unreacted 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate to obtain a monoisocyanate compound having methoxypolyethylene ether glycol. Next, 37 parts of diethylamine was placed in another similar flask, and 250 parts of the monoisocyanate compound having the methoxypolyethylene ether glycol obtained in Preparation Example 1 was cooled with air and then cooled with air. The reaction temperature exceeded 70 ° C. It was dripped gradually so that there was no. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred for about 1 hour at 70 ° C., and it was confirmed that the isocyanate group had disappeared, and an emulsifier was obtained.
[0042]
In a separate flask, 42 parts of this emulsifier and 358 parts of “Takenet D170HN” (Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer) are added and stirred at 70 ° C. for 6 hours. As a result, a water-dispersible polyisocyanate composition (2) was obtained. The isocyanate content was 19.3% and the viscosity was 2000 cps.
[0043]
Creation example 3
In the same flask as in Preparation Example 1, 970 parts of “Millionate MR-200” (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., polymeric methylene diisocyanate) was charged, and then “MPG-081” (manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Industry Co., Ltd., 30 parts of methoxypolyethylene glycol) was added, the temperature was increased, and the mixture was reacted at 70 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain a brownish brown transparent prepolymer having an isocyanate content of 29.4%. Further, while maintaining at 70 ° C., 80 parts of amino / formaldehyde resin was added and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a water-dispersible polyurethane amino resin copolymer (3). The isocyanate content was 27.1% and the viscosity was 450 cps.
[0044]
Creation example 4
In the same flask as in Preparation Example 1, 42 parts of the emulsifier obtained in Preparation Example 2 and “Takenet D170HN” (Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer) 358 parts And 12 parts of N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane were added and stirred at 70 ° C. for 6 hours to obtain polyisocyanate (4) capable of being dispersed in water. The isocyanate content was 17.7% and the viscosity was 800 cps.
[0045]
Creation of water-based paint for base material
Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-4
The components shown in Table 2 were blended in the water-dispersed copolymer obtained in the above production example, and stirred to mix to obtain each base paint. In Table 2, (Note 1) to (Note 4) are as follows.
[0046]
The resulting base paint was blended with the crosslinking agents obtained in the above preparation examples in the combinations and blending amounts shown in Table 2, and stirred to obtain each aqueous paint. The obtained water-based paint was subjected to the following performance test. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0047]
(Note 1) extender pigment: calcium carbonate with a specific gravity of 2.7
(Note 2) Thickener: 2.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution
(Note 3) Antifoaming agent: “SN deformer-A63”, manufactured by San Nopco
(Note 4) Dispersant: “Nopco Santo K”, manufactured by San Nopco
Performance test method
(* 1) Drying: One hour after mixing the cross-linking agent with the base paint, this aqueous paint was applied to a glass plate with a 150 micron applicator, and 1 in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH. Left for hours. The dryness of the coating film after 1 hour was evaluated by touch.
[0048]
○: Completely cured or semi-cured (A mark is made when the coating film is pressed with a finger, but it returns to the original after a while)
X: Touch dry or less (the coating film surface is dry, but the inside is not dry)
(* 2) Initial water resistance: One hour after mixing the cross-linking agent with the base paint, this aqueous paint was coated on a glass plate with a 150 micron applicator and in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH. Left for 4 hours. Next, the coated plate was immersed in water for 30 minutes, and the state of the coated film after pulling was visually evaluated.
[0049]
○: No change compared to before immersion
Δ: The coating film softens slightly but returns to the original state within 30 minutes
X: The coating film is softened or the swelling is generated in the coating film
(* 3) Elongation rate of the formed coating film: One hour after mixing the cross-linking agent with the base paint, a test piece was prepared according to JIS A 6909 using this aqueous paint. The elongation percentage of the dried coating film was measured using a tensile tester Autograph AG2000B type (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at −10 ° C. and a tensile speed of 200 mm / min.
[0050]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004267732
[0051]
Painting
Examples 8-14 and Comparative Examples 5-9
After adjusting the water-based paint for each base conditioning material obtained above (the base paint is mixed with a crosslinking agent and allowed to stand for 1 hour) to a paint-appropriate viscosity with water, The application amount is about 1.0kg / m with a roller.2It was painted so that it would become and dried at 20 ° C. and 75% RH for 1 day. Next, the coating amount of the top coating material shown in Table 3 is about 0.2 kg / m using an airless spray on the coating material for the base conditioner.2Then, it was dried at 20 ° C. and 75% RH for 7 days to obtain a painted plate. The resulting painted finish plate was subjected to the following performance test. The results are shown in Table 3. In Table 3, a to e top coating types and performance test methods are as follows.
[0052]
Topcoat type
a. “Aresletan”: Solvent-type acrylic urethane resin-based top coat, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.
b. “Ares Aquaretan”: Water-based acrylic urethane resin-based top coat, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.
c. "Ares Aqua Silicon AC": Water-based acrylic silicone resin-based top coating, manufactured by Kansai Paint
d. “Aresflon”: Solvent type fluororesin-based top coat, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.
e. "Ares Aqua Gloss": Water-based acrylic resin-based top coating, performance test method manufactured by Kansai Paint
(* 4) Finished appearance: The finished appearance of the coating surface of each painted finish plate was visually evaluated.
[0053]
○: Glossy and finished evenly
×: Not uniformly finished due to uneven suction of top coating
(* 5) Water resistance: Each painted plate was submerged in a 20 ° C environment, and the appearance of the coating film after 7 days was visually evaluated.
[0054]
Y: No abnormality
X: One or more of peeling, cracking, swelling, significant discoloration, and gloss reduction are observed
(* 6) Dirt appearance: After each coated finish plate was exposed outdoors in Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa for 3 months, the degree of dirt on the coating film was visually evaluated.
[0055]
○: Almost no dirt is observed
×: Conspicuous dirt
(* 7) Elongation rate of the formed coating film: A test piece was prepared in accordance with JIS A 6909, using each of the water-based paints and top-coat paints for the base preparation material. The elongation rate of the multilayer coating film (dry coating film) was measured at a tensile speed of 200 mm / min in a −10 ° C. atmosphere using a tensile tester Autograph AG2000B type (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and evaluated according to the following criteria. .
[0056]
○: Elongation rate is 20% or more
×: 〃 Less than 20%
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a two-component water-based paint useful as a base preparation material can be obtained, and a base coating film that can achieve both high elasticity and high crosslink density can be formed even in a low temperature environment. Therefore, it is possible to form a multilayer coating film having a good finished appearance and high durability by using this.
[0058]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004267732

Claims (3)

水酸基価5〜100mgKOH/g、ガラス転移温度−50〜0℃、重量平均分子量20,000〜400,000である水分散型樹脂(A)及び顔料(B)を含有するベ−ス塗料(I)に、1分子中少なくとも2個以上のイソシアネ−ト基を含有する化合物を含む架橋剤(II)を、ベ−ス塗料(I)中に含まれる水酸基1モルに対して架橋剤(II)中に含まれるイソシアネ−ト基が0.05〜3.0モルとなるように使用直前に混合してなる水性塗料であって、形成される塗膜における顔料体積濃度が30〜60%で、形成塗膜の伸び率が−10℃雰囲気で20%以上であることを特徴とする下地調整材用水性塗料。Base paint containing water-dispersed resin (A) and pigment (B) having a hydroxyl value of 5 to 100 mg KOH / g, a glass transition temperature of −50 to 0 ° C., and a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 400,000 ), A crosslinking agent (II) containing a compound containing at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule is added to the crosslinking agent (II) with respect to 1 mol of hydroxyl group contained in the base paint (I). An aqueous paint obtained by mixing immediately before use so that the isocyanate group contained therein is 0.05 to 3.0 mol, wherein the pigment volume concentration in the formed coating film is 30 to 60% , background Removal material for a water-based paint, wherein the growth rate of the formed coating film is 20% or more at -10 ° C. atmosphere. 架橋剤(II)が、アルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との反応生成物(i)、ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物にアルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとジアルカノ−ルアミンとを反応させることにより得られる乳化剤と、ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との混合物(ii)、アルコキシポリアルキレングリコ−ルとポリイソシアネ−ト化合物との反応生成物であるプレポリマ−及びアミノ・ホルムアルデヒド樹脂とからなるポリウレタンアミノ樹脂共重合体(iii)、及び該(i)又は(ii)と片末端に水酸基又はアミノ基をもう片末端にアルコキシシリル基を有するシランカップリング剤との反応生成物又は混合物(iv)の中から選ばれる1種である請求項1記載の水性塗料。The crosslinking agent (II) is obtained by reacting the alkoxypolyalkylene glycol with the polyisocyanate compound (i) and reacting the polyisocyanate compound with the alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and the dialkanolamine. A polyurethane amino resin copolymer comprising a mixture of an emulsifier and a polyisocyanate compound (ii), a prepolymer which is a reaction product of an alkoxypolyalkylene glycol and a polyisocyanate compound, and an amino-formaldehyde resin (iii) And a reaction product or mixture (iv) of (i) or (ii) with a silane coupling agent having a hydroxyl group or amino group at one end and an alkoxysilyl group at the other end The water-based paint according to claim 1. 被塗面に請求項1記載の水性塗料を塗布した後、その上に上塗塗料を塗布してなる塗装仕上げ方法。A coating finishing method comprising applying the water-based paint according to claim 1 to a surface to be coated, and then applying a top-coating material thereon.
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