JP4255055B2 - Multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device - Google Patents

Multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device Download PDF

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JP4255055B2
JP4255055B2 JP2003011651A JP2003011651A JP4255055B2 JP 4255055 B2 JP4255055 B2 JP 4255055B2 JP 2003011651 A JP2003011651 A JP 2003011651A JP 2003011651 A JP2003011651 A JP 2003011651A JP 4255055 B2 JP4255055 B2 JP 4255055B2
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light
main
projector
optical axis
receiver
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JP2004225747A (en
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元宏 工藤
富一 坂口
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Keyence Corp
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Keyence Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
この発明は多光軸光電式安全装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から広い検出エリアで物体の有無を検出するのに、列状に配置された複数の投光素子を含む投光器と、これに対応する数の受光素子を含む受光器とを1ユニットとした多光軸光電式安全装置が用いられている。多光軸光電式安全装置の典型的な使用例を説明すると、工作機械、パンチ機、プレス機、鋳造機、自動制御機など装置設置エリアの境界に多光軸光電式安全装置で防護フェンスつまりライトカーテンを作り、例えば作業者の身体がライトカーテンを遮ると物体検知信号を出力し、例えば機械の動作を停止する及び/又は警報を発するのに用いられる。
【0003】
多光軸投受光器の配置に関し、例えば図1に示すように、プレス機などの装置1が作業者側に突出する突出部分(障害物)2を含む場合、この障害物2を避けるようにして、つまり障害物2と干渉しない位置に安全装置3が配置される場合がある。
【0004】
しかし、このような配置例によれば、装置1の作業中心Oから多光軸光電式安全装置3(ライトカーテン)までの水平距離X1が拡大するため、プレス機などを設置するエリアが増大して作業効率が低下してしまうなどの問題がある。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−289073号公報
【0006】
この公開公報は、障害物と干渉する位置までライトカーテンをプレス機などに接近させた場合に、障害物と干渉する光軸を無効化する「フィックスブランキング」処理を開示している。この「フィックスブランキング」処理は、投受光器をティーチングモードに切り替えた後に投受光動作を行って遮光状態となった光軸やその光軸の数を記憶することにより行われる。
【0007】
また、この公開公報は、投光器と受光器との間を通信線で接続して、マルチドロップ通信により、投光器と受光器との間の投受光動作を同期させるための信号の授受を行うことを開示している。
【0008】
すなわち、特開2002−289073号公報は、本件明細書に添付した図2、図3に示すように、多光軸光電式安全装置3(ライトカーテン)を装置1に接近させて配置し、障害物2が多光軸光電センサ3と干渉する領域4、つまりライトカーテンを形成する数多くの光軸5のうち、障害物2によって遮光される領域4の光軸を予め無効化することを開示している。
【0009】
これによれば、防護フェンスつまりライトカーテンを装置1を接近して配置することができるため(X2<X1)、装置1に関連した必要最小限の安全距離を確保することで作業効率を高めることができるという利点がある。
【0010】
しかしながら、多光軸光電式安全装置3の数多くの光軸5のうち、障害物2が存在する領域4の光軸を無効化して、この領域4を非検出エリアとすることから、この領域4の安全性が損なわれるという問題があり、この問題を解消するために、図4に示すように、非検出領域4を例えば金属プレートや柵などでフェンス6を作るなどの別の安全対策を施す必要がある。
【0011】
【特許文献2】
特開昭63−43099号公報
【0012】
特開昭63−43099号公報は、上述したような障害物が存在するときの多光軸光電式安全装置を提案している。この公報に開示の安全装置は、共に数多くの発光素子とこれと対をなす数多くの受光素子とを備えた一対の投受光器と、障害物に隣接して配置する一対の反射ミラーとからなり、障害物と干渉する領域に関しては、投受光器から発せられた光が反射ミラーで反射され、この反射した光を同じ投受光器で受けることによりライトカーテンを作るものである。
【0013】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特開昭63−43099号公報に開示の多光軸光電式安全装置によれば、一対の投受光器間の光軸調整及び各投受光器とこれに関連する反射ミラーとの間の調整が困難であり、特に、隣接する光軸間の間隔が小さいときには、この問題が顕著なものとなる。更に、一対の投受光器の各々に、反射ミラーに光を投光して受光するための投光素子及び受光素子を内蔵させる必要があり、各投受光器の外形が大きくなるという問題がある。
【0014】
本発明の目的は、光軸間の間隔が狭いライトカーテンをプレス機などに極力接近して配置することのできる多光軸光電式安全装置を提供することにある。
【0015】
本発明の更なる目的は、例えば作業者側に突出する突出部分を含むプレス機などの装置に関して、該プレス機に接近して無効エリア無しのライトカーテンを形成することのできる多光軸光電式安全装置の設置方法を提供することにある。
【0016】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる技術的課題は、本発明によれば、
等間隔に一列に配置された複数の投光素子を備えたメイン投光器と、該メイン投光器の投光素子と同じ数の受光素子を備え、これら受光素子が一列に等間隔に配置されたメイン受光器とを互いに対面させることによりライトカーテンを形成するための多光軸光電式安全装置において、
前記ライトカーテンと干渉する障害物をバイパスして、前記メイン投光器からの光ビームを実質的に前記メイン受光器に差し向ける光伝達手段と、
該光伝達手段に設けられ、前記メイン投光器からの光ビームの伝達を選択的に遮断する光軸選択手段とを含み、
前記光伝達手段の数が、前記障害物が前記ライトカーテンを遮光する光軸の数よりも少なくとも一つ多く、
前記メイン投光器の前記障害物に隣接した光軸の投光素子から2回投光され、前記光軸選択手段によって、そのうち1回の投光が前記光伝達手段を経由して前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光され、他の1回の投光が直接的に前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光されることを特徴とする多光軸光電式安全装置を提供することにより達成される。
【0017】
すなわち、本発明によれば、障害物の側部にもサブ検知エリアが形成されることから、障害物の回りの全域にブランキング光軸が存在しないライトカーテンを作ることができ、したがって、安全性を損なうことなく、障害物と干渉した状態で、光軸間の間隔が狭いライトカーテンをプレス機などに極力接近して配置することができる。
【0018】
加えて、障害物が遮光する光軸の数よりも一つ数の多い光伝達手段を設けてあることから、障害物の側部のサブ検知エリアの光軸間のピッチが、メイン投受光器の光軸間のピッチよりも拡大する虞はない。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の好ましい形態では、実質的な光伝達手段として、少なくとも二つの光学素子を含むサブ投受光器が障害物に隣接して配置される。このサブ投受光器に含まれる光学素子の数は、障害物が遮光する光軸の数よりも少なくとも一つ多く、これによりメイン投受光器とサブ投受光器とで形成されるライトカーテンの光軸間のピッチが拡大してしまう虞はなく、したがって、サブ投受光器の設置において位置決めに細心の注意を払う必要はない。
本発明の上記の目的、他の目的並びにその作用効果は、以下の本発明の好ましい実施例の詳しい説明から明らかになろう。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下に、添付の図面に基づいて本発明の好ましい実施例を詳しく説明する。
図5を参照して、多光軸光電式安全装置100は、基本ユニットとして、メイン投光器11と、これに対応するメイン受光器12を含み、この基本ユニットであるメイン投光器11及び受光器12は共に直列及び/又は並列に増設可能である。また、安全装置100は、メイン投光器1と部分的に対応するサブ受光器13と、メイン受光器12と部分的に対応するサブ投光器14とを含んでいる。
【0021】
メイン投光器11は、細長いケースを11aを有し、このケース11aの中に、その長手方向に沿って一列にN個(この実施例では12個)の投光素子(図示せず)が等間隔に配置されている。隣接する投光素子間のピッチは、特に限定するものではないが、例えば20mmである。
【0022】
メイン受光器12は、メイン投光器11と同様に、細長いケース12aを有し、このケース12aの中に、その長手方向に沿って一列に、メイン投光器11の投光素子と同じ数であるN個(この実施例では12個)の受光素子(図示せず)が等間隔に配置されている。隣接する受光素子間のピッチは、メイン投光器11と同一であり、隣接する投光素子間のピッチが20mmであれば、隣接する受光素子間のピッチも20mmである。
【0023】
サブ受光器13は、比較的短尺のケース13aを有し、このケース13aの中に、メイン投光器11又はメイン受光器12に含まれる光学素子(投光素子又は受光素子)よりも少ない数であってn個(少なくとも二個)の受光素子(図示せず)が一列に配置されている。この実施例では、受光素子が4個配置され、この4個の受光素子間のピッチは、メイン投光器11の隣接する投光素子間のピッチと等しいか、それよりも若干小さい。
【0024】
サブ投光器14は、サブ受光器13と同様に、比較的短尺のケース14aを有し、このケース14aの中に、サブ受光器13の受光素子と同じ数のn個の投光素子(図示せず)が一列に配置されている。この実施例では、投光素子が4個配置され、この4個の投光素子間のピッチは、サブ受光器13の受光素子間のピッチと同一であるのが好ましい。
【0025】
サブ投受光器13、14のケース13a、14aの長さ寸法は、例えば、4光軸タイプのサブ投受光器13、14であれば、メイン投受光器11、12の3光軸を遮光する長さを有し、この3光軸を遮光するケース13a、14aの中に、遮光する光軸の数よりも少なくとも一つ多い数の光学素子が一列に配置されている。
【0026】
図5に示す番号1、2・・・・・、12は、メイン投光器11とメイン受光器12との間の光軸の番号を示す。同図から理解できるように、メイン投光器11とメイン受光器12は同一平面上で互いに対面して配置されて、これらメイン投光器11とメイン受光器12との間で光の授受を行うことでメインの検知エリア又はライトカーテンを作る。サブ受光器13及びサブ投光器14は、このメイン検知エリアの中に配置されて、メイン投光器11とサブ受光器13との間及びサブ投光器14とメイン受光器12との間に第1、第2の2つのサブ検知エリアを作る。
【0027】
すなわち、サブ受光器13は、例えばプレス機の突出部分又は障害物15の一方の側面に隣接し且つメイン投光器11と対面して配置され、メイン投光器11の対応する投光素子とで第1のサブ検知エリアを作る。また、サブ投光器14は、障害物15の他方の側面に隣接し且つメイン受光器12と対面して配置され、メイン受光器12の対応する受光素子とで第2のサブ検知エリアを作る。
【0028】
なお、図5では、サブ受光器13とサブ投光器14が、メイン投光器11及びメイン受光器12間の第3〜5光軸に配置されて、第3〜5光軸にサブ検知エリアが形成されているが、これは単なる例示に過ぎず、サブ受光器13とサブ投光器14は、メイン投光器11とメイン受光器12との間の光軸を障害物15が遮光する位置に配置される。また、サブ受光器13及びサブ投光器14の受光素子及び投光素子の数は、障害物15の異なる大きさに対応して、内蔵する光学素子の数が異なる複数種類(例えば、2光軸タイプ、4光軸タイプ、8光軸タイプ、16光軸タイプ)のサブ投受光器13、14を用意するのが好ましい。
【0029】
メイン投光器11、メイン受光器12、サブ受光器13、サブ投光器14は、互いに通信線17を介して互いに接続される。
【0030】
基本ユニットを構成するメイン投光器11及びメイン受光器12には、共に、例えば複数の発光ダイオード(LED)セグメントを上下に並置した光軸調整表示部18が設けられ、LEDセグメントは例えば赤色又は緑色に発光する2色発光ダイオードが採用される。また、メイン投光器11及びメイン受光器12は、例えば通常時には緑色に発光し、他方、通常時以外の、予定されていない光軸が遮光又は受光したような場合又はシステムそのものがフェールしたような場合には赤色に発光するLEDからなる出力表示灯つまりオン/オフ表示灯19が設けられている。
【0031】
光軸調整表示部18の表示形式としては、特に限定するものではないが、全ての光軸又は光ビームがメイン受光器12に全て入光しているときには、全てのLEDセグメントが緑色に発色する。光軸調整表示部18は、一部の光軸が遮光されたときには、遮光された光軸の割合、換言すれば入光した光軸の割合に応じた数のセグメントが下から赤色に発光し、遮光された光軸に応じた数のセグメントが上から消灯する。すなわち、入光率が大きくなるに従って又は光軸調整の度合い、つまり遮光光軸と入光光軸との比率に応じて赤色のバーが上方に延びるバー形式の表示を行う。
【0032】
また、サブ受光器13及びサブ投光器14には、先に説明した光軸調整表示部18と実質的に同じ機能を有する光軸調整表示部20が設けられている。
【0033】
メイン受光器12などに設けられた光軸調整表示部18及び/又はサブ受光器13などに設けられた光軸調整表示部20に関し、従来から知られている以下に列挙の表示形式のものであってもよい。
(1)全ての光軸が入光して光軸調整が完了すると、点灯又は消灯する表示灯;
(2)全ての光軸が入光して光軸調整が完了すると、例えば赤色から緑色に色が変化する表示灯;
(3)受光器の受光光量の大小に応じて、点灯するLEDの数が増減する表示灯;
(4)遮光光軸と入光光軸との比率に応じて点滅速度が変化する表示灯;
(5)受光器の受光光量に応じて点滅速度が変化する表示灯;
(6)各光軸毎に表示灯を備え、各光軸毎に入光又は遮光の状態を示す表示灯;
(7)投光器及び投光器の数多くの光軸を数ブロックに分割し、各ブロック毎の表示灯で入光/遮光状態を表示する。
【0034】
図5の参照符号22は、メイン投受光器11、12の障害物15と干渉する光軸を無効化する「フィックスブランキング」処理を行うためにメイン投受光器11、12をティーチングモードに切り替えるためのティーチングスイッチであり、このティーチングスイッチ22は、従来と同様に、ディップ(DIP)スイッチで構成することができる。
【0035】
図6を参照して、メイン投光器11は、N個(例えば12個)の発光ダイオードなどからなる投光素子110を駆動するN個の投光回路111と、これらの投光回路111を時分割でスキャンする投光素子切替回路(光軸切替回路)112と、メイン投光器11を全体制御する投光素子制御回路113とを備え、投光素子制御回路113から光軸調整表示部18及び出力表示灯19に制御信号が出力される。
【0036】
メイン投光器11は、更に、メイン受光器12、サブ受光器13などとの双方向の信号の送受信を制御する第1投光器通信制御回路114と、直列に接続した増設メイン投光器(図示せず)との間の通信を制御する第2投光器通信制御回路115とを備えている。
【0037】
他方、メイン受光器12は、N個(例えば12個)の受光素子120を駆動するN個の受光回路121と、これらの受光回路121を時分割でスキャンする受光素子切替回路122と、増幅回路123と、メイン受光器12を全体制御する受光素子制御回路124とを備え、受光素子制御回路124から光軸調整表示部18及び出力表示灯19に制御信号が出力される。
【0038】
メイン受光器12は、更に、メイン投光器11、サブ受光器13などとの双方向の信号の送受信を制御する第1受光器通信制御回路125と、直列に接続した増設受光器(図示せず)との間の通信を制御する第2受光器通信制御回路126とを備えている。
【0039】
メイン受光器12は、また、受光素子制御回路124からの遮光信号を受けて、所定の期間内に例えば2〜3回遮光が発生したことを検知する検波処理又は信号処理を行う受光信号処理回路127を含み、この受光信号処理回路127を経て出力回路128から物体検出信号が、メイン投光器11とメイン受光器12とで形成されるライトカーテンに関連する例えばプレス機の制御盤や警報灯などの外部機器(図示せず)に送出され、プレス装置20の動作が直ちに停止される。
【0040】
サブ受光器13は、図7に示すように、n個(この実施例では4個)の受光素子130を駆動するn個の受光回路131と、これらの受光回路131を時分割でスキャンする受光素子切替回路132と、増幅回路133と、サブ受光器13を全体制御する受光素子制御回路134と、メイン投光器11、サブ投光器14などとの双方向の信号の送受信を制御するサブ受光器通信制御回路135とを備え、受光素子制御回路134から光軸調整表示部20に制御信号が出力される。
【0041】
サブ投光器14は、図8に示すように、n個(この実施例では4個)の投光素子140を駆動するn個の投光回路141と、これらの投光回路141を時分割でスキャンする投光素子切替回路(光軸切替回路)142と、サブ投光器14を全体制御する投光素子制御回路143とを備え、投光素子制御回路143から光軸調整表示部20に制御信号が出力される。サブ投光器14は、また、メイン受光器12、サブ受光器13などとの双方向の信号の送受信を制御するサブ投光器通信制御回路144を備えている。
【0042】
実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置100は、メイン投光器11、メイン受光器12、サブ受光器13、サブ投光器14の間で、通信線22を介して、例えば同期信号などの授受を行うことにより、関連する投光器と受光器とに含まれる投光素子及び受光素子が、順次、所定のタイミングで選択的に有効になる。
【0043】
メイン投光器11及びメイン受光器12は、図9に示す基本動作シーケンスを実行するように予め設定されているのが都合がよく、例えばサブ受光器13、サブ投光器14を含まないでライトカーテンを作る場合には、換言すれば、メイン投受光器11、12だけでライトカーテンを作る場合には、従来と同様に、予め設定された、例えば図9の基本動作シーケンスに従って動作し、例えば第1番目の投光素子から光ビームが出射されると、これに同期して有効になる第1番目の受光素子によって第1光軸の光ビームが受光され、次いで、第2番目の投光素子が投光して、これに同期して有効になる第2番目の受光素子に第2光軸の光ビームが受光され、以後、第3光軸、第4光軸・・・と次々と光ビームが投光及び受光される。
【0044】
図10は、サブ受光器13及びサブ投光器14を組み入れたときの図5の配置例でのマルチ検出用又は第2動作シーケンスの一例を示す。すなわち、図5の配置例では、メイン投受光器11、12の第3〜5光軸を遮光する位置に障害物15が位置しており、したがって、メイン投受光器11、12の第3〜5光軸がブランキング光軸である。そして、この第3〜5光軸に、これよりも1つ数が多い光学素子を備えたサブ投受光器13、14が配置されている。
【0045】
この第2動作シーケンスによれば、メイン投光器11の第1〜第12光軸の投光素子から次々と投光されが、第3光軸と第4光軸との間、第4光軸と第5光軸との間、第5光軸と第6光軸との間に、サブ投光器14の第3’光軸、第4’光軸、第5’光軸、第6’光軸の投光素子から投光され、このサブ投光器14の第6’光軸の投光素子の投光が終わると、メイン投光器11の第6光軸の投光素子から再び投光される。
【0046】
図10のタイムチャートに括弧書きした数字は、投光素子の投光に対応して賦活されるメイン受光器12及びサブ受光器13の光軸番号を示す。
【0047】
図10のタイムチャートから理解できるように、ブランキング光軸である第3〜5光軸に関し、メイン投光器の第3光軸の投光はサブ受光器13の第3’光軸の受光素子によって受光され、次いで、サブ投光器14の第3’光軸の投光素子が賦活され、この投光はメイン受光器12の第3光軸の受光素子によって受光される。次いで、メイン投光器の第4光軸の投光素子が賦活され、この投光はサブ受光器13の第4’光軸の受光素子によって受光され、次いで、サブ投光器14の第4’光軸の投光素子が賦活され、この投光はメイン受光器12の第4光軸の受光素子によって受光される。次いで、メイン投光器の第5光軸の投光素子が賦活され、この投光はサブ受光器13の第5’光軸の受光素子によって受光される。
【0048】
図11を参照すると直ちに理解できるように、注目すべきことは、メイン投光器11とサブ受光器13及びサブ投光器14とメイン受光器12とで形成されるサブ検知エリアでは、メイン投光器11の第6光軸の投光素子が賦活されると、この投光がサブ受光器13の第6’光軸の受光素子によって受光される点であり、また、次いで、サブ投光器14の第6’光軸の投光素子が賦活され、この投光はメイン受光器12の第6光軸の受光素子によって受光される点である。
【0049】
そして、このサブ検知エリアの走査が完了すると、メイン投光器11の第6光軸の投光素子及びメイン受光器12の第6光軸の受光素子が再び賦活され、第6光軸の投光がメイン受光器12の第6光軸の受光素子によって受光され、その後は、メイン投受光器11、12の対応する光学素子が次々と賦活して投受光が行われる。
【0050】
すなわち、メイン投光器11の第6光軸の投光素子は、続いて2回投光動作を行うものであるが、この2回連続的に投光動作を行う光軸は第2光軸の投光素子であってもよいが、障害物15が通常はメイン投受光器11、12で作られるライトカーテンの下部に位置することが多く、この障害物15が、第1光軸と干渉する床面近傍に位置している場合もある(第1光軸と干渉)ことから、好ましくは、実施例のように第6光軸である。
【0051】
例えば、図11に例示のように、メイン投光器11とサブ受光器13との間のサブ検出エリアの光軸(図示の例では第3光軸)が遮光物体S(例えば作業者の手など)によって遮光された場合、このことは、サブ受光器13の第3’光軸の受光素子が受光しないことにより検知され、この検知信号をサブ投光器14が受け取ると、サブ投光器14の第3’光軸の投光素子が賦活されない。従って、メイン受光器12の第3光軸の受光素子が受光しないため、これにより、メイン受光器12に内蔵された受光信号処理回路127を経て出力回路128から物体検知信号が出力され、プレス装置などの動作が直ちに停止される。
【0052】
従来であれば、障害物15によって遮光される光軸を無効化することにより、メイン投受光器11、12のライトカーテンを障害物15と干渉する位置まで接近させていたのに対比して、実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置100によれば、従来であれば無効化していた光軸のエリアをサブ投受光器13、14を用いてサブ検知エリアを形成することができるため、安全性を飛躍的に向上することができる。
【0053】
また、図11から最も良く理解できるように、メイン投受光器11、12で作るライトカーテンと干渉する障害物15の存在によって遮光される光軸数(図示の例では3本の光軸)に一つ加えた光軸(図示の例では4本の光軸)でサブ検知エリアのライトカーテンが作られるため、サブ投受光器13、14の設置に関する位置決めに細心の注意を払う必要性を無くすることができる。
【0054】
この点について詳しく説明すると、サブ投受光器13、14の光学素子のピッチをメイン投受光器11、12と同じにした場合、サブ受光器13及び/又はサブ投光器14を多少上下に変位した状態で設置したときには、例えば、サブ受光器13を多少上方に変位した状態で設置したときには、メイン投光器11とサブ受光器13とで投受光される第3光軸と、第2光軸との間隔が広がってしまうことになる。
【0055】
これに対して、実施例の安全装置100によれば、メイン投受光器11、12で作るライトカーテンと干渉する障害物15の存在によって遮光される光軸数(図示の例では3本の光軸)に一つ加えた光軸(図示の例では4本の光軸)でサブ検知エリアのライトカーテンが作られるため、サブ受光器13が多少上下に変位した状態で設置したとしても、光軸間のピッチが拡大する虞は無い。
【0056】
上記の位置決めに関する問題は、主に、メイン投受光器11、12で形成されるライトカーテンと同一平面にサブ投受光器13、14が設置されていることを前提としたものであるが、メイン投受光器11、12で形成されるライトカーテンから多少前後にオフセットした位置にサブ投受光器13、14を設置したとしても正常に機能するようにするには、サブ投受光器13、14の投受光器に含まれる光学素子の投受光窓を横長に設定したり、サブ投受光器13、14の長手方向と直交する方向つまりサブ投受光器13、14のケース13a、14aを横断する方向に複数の光学素子を配置するようにしてもよい。これにより、サブ投受光器13、14の位置決めを更に容易することができる。
【0057】
また、本発明の実施例を、サブ受光器13及びサブ投光器14として、受光素子や投光素子の光学素子を内蔵させた例で説明したが、メイン投光器11から投光された光ビームをサブ受光器13で受け取り、障害物15をバイパスしてサブ投光器14からメイン受光器12に投光する光伝達手段を用いても多光軸光電式安全装置として充分に機能するものであり、サブ受光器13とサブ投光器14とを例えば光ケーブルで連結して、サブ受光器13で受け取った光ビームを光ケーブルでサブ投光器14に送り、サブ投光器14からメイン受光器12に向けて投光するようにしてもよい。
【0058】
このように光伝達手段を設けることにより、メイン投光器11からの光ビームを障害物15をバイパスしてメイン受光器12に投光する場合、このバイパスするための光伝達手段にシャッタなどの光軸選択手段を設け、上述した投受光素子のように、各光軸毎に順次光ビームを伝達するようにして、他の光軸の光ビームを伝達してしまうことを抑えるようにすることが望ましい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】従来の多光軸光電式安全装置の設置に関する一例を側面から図示した説明図である。
【図2】従来の多光軸光電式安全装置の設置に関する他の例を側面から図示した説明図である。
【図3】図2の多光軸光電式安全装置を障害物と干渉する位置に設置したときに、障害物の側部のエリアを無効化した従来例を説明するための図である。
【図4】図3に関連して無効エリアを金網などで覆う従来例を正面から図示した説明図である。
【図5】実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置の全体系統図である。
【図6】実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置に含まれるメイン投受光器の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図7】サブ受光器の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図8】サブ投光器の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図9】実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置に含まれるメイン投受光器の基本動作シーケンスを説明するためのタイムチャートである。
【図10】実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置に一組のサブ投受光器を組み込んだときの動作シーケンスを説明するためのタイムチャートである。
【図11】実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置に含まれるメイン及びサブ投受光器間の投受光の授受を説明するための図である。
【図12】実施例の多光軸光電式安全装置を障害物と干渉する位置に設置したときに、この障害物によって遮光される光軸の特定と、メイン及びサブ投受光器の動作シーケンスの設定に関する手順を説明するためのフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
100 多光軸光電式安全装置
11 メイン投光器
12 メイン受光器
13 サブ投光器
14 サブ受光器
15 ライトカーテンと干渉する障害物
S 遮光物体
[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to detect the presence or absence of an object in a wide detection area, a projector including a plurality of light projecting elements arranged in a row and a light receiver including a number of light receiving elements corresponding to the light projecting elements are used as one unit. An optical axis photoelectric safety device is used. A typical use example of a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device is to describe a protective fence with a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device at the boundary of the equipment installation area such as a machine tool, punch machine, press machine, casting machine, automatic controller, etc. It is used to make a light curtain, for example, to output an object detection signal when an operator's body blocks the light curtain, for example to stop the operation of the machine and / or issue an alarm.
[0003]
With regard to the arrangement of the multi-optical axis projector / receiver, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the apparatus 1 such as a press includes a protruding portion (obstacle) 2 that protrudes toward the operator side, the obstacle 2 should be avoided. In other words, the safety device 3 may be arranged at a position that does not interfere with the obstacle 2.
[0004]
However, according to such an arrangement example, since the horizontal distance X1 from the work center O of the apparatus 1 to the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device 3 (light curtain) is increased, an area for installing a press machine or the like increases. As a result, there is a problem that work efficiency decreases.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-289073 A
[0006]
This publication discloses a “fixed blanking” process for invalidating an optical axis that interferes with an obstacle when the light curtain is brought close to a press or the like to a position that interferes with the obstacle. This “fixed blanking” processing is performed by storing the number of optical axes and the number of optical axes that are in a light-shielded state by performing a light projecting / receiving operation after switching the light emitting / receiving device to the teaching mode.
[0007]
In addition, this publication discloses that a signal for synchronizing the light projecting / receiving operation between the projector and the light receiver is transmitted by multi-drop communication by connecting the light projector and the light receiver with a communication line. Disclosure.
[0008]
That is, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-289073, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 attached to the present specification, a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device 3 (light curtain) is placed close to the device 1 to It is disclosed that the optical axis of the region 4 where the object 2 interferes with the multi-optical axis photoelectric sensor 3, that is, the optical axis of the region 4 shielded by the obstacle 2 among the many optical axes 5 forming the light curtain, is disclosed. ing.
[0009]
According to this, since the protective fence, that is, the light curtain can be arranged close to the device 1 (X2 <X1), the work efficiency is improved by securing the necessary minimum safety distance related to the device 1. There is an advantage that can be.
[0010]
However, among the many optical axes 5 of the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device 3, the optical axis of the region 4 where the obstacle 2 exists is invalidated to make this region 4 a non-detection area. In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. 4, another non-detection region 4 is subjected to another safety measure such as making a fence 6 with a metal plate or a fence, for example. There is a need.
[0011]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A 63-43099
[0012]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-43099 proposes a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device in the presence of obstacles as described above. The safety device disclosed in this publication is composed of a pair of light emitters / receivers each having a number of light emitting elements and a number of light receiving elements paired therewith, and a pair of reflecting mirrors arranged adjacent to an obstacle. As for the area that interferes with the obstacle, the light emitted from the light projector / receiver is reflected by the reflection mirror, and the reflected light is received by the same light projector / receiver to form a light curtain.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-43099, the optical axis is adjusted between a pair of light projectors / receivers and between each light projector / receiver and the associated reflection mirror. Adjustment is difficult, especially when the distance between adjacent optical axes is small. Furthermore, each of the pair of light projectors / receivers needs to incorporate a light projecting element and a light receiving element for projecting and receiving light on the reflecting mirror, and there is a problem that the outer shape of each light projecting / receiving device becomes large. .
[0014]
An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device capable of arranging a light curtain having a narrow interval between optical axes as close as possible to a press or the like.
[0015]
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a multi-optical axis photoelectric system capable of forming a light curtain without an ineffective area by approaching the press machine, for example, with respect to an apparatus such as a press machine that includes a projecting portion projecting to the operator side. It is to provide a method of installing a safety device.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, such a technical problem is
A main light projector having a plurality of light projecting elements arranged in a line at equal intervals, and a main light receiving device having the same number of light receiving elements as the light projecting elements of the main light projector, and these light receiving elements arranged in a line at equal intervals In a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device for forming a light curtain by facing the container with each other,
A light transmission means for bypassing an obstacle that interferes with the light curtain and substantially directing a light beam from the main projector to the main light receiver;
An optical axis selection means provided in the light transmission means for selectively blocking transmission of a light beam from the main projector,
The number of the light transmission means is at least one more than the number of optical axes where the obstacle blocks the light curtain,
Light is projected twice from the light projecting element of the optical axis adjacent to the obstacle of the main projector, and one light of the light is selected by the optical axis selection means via the light transmission means of the main light receiver. Achieved by providing a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device characterized in that it is received by a corresponding light receiving element and another light projection is directly received by the corresponding light receiving element of the main light receiver. Is done.
[0017]
That is, according to the present invention, since the sub detection area is also formed on the side of the obstacle, it is possible to make a light curtain in which no blanking optical axis exists around the obstacle, and therefore, safety is achieved. A light curtain having a narrow interval between optical axes can be arranged as close as possible to a press or the like while interfering with an obstacle without impairing the properties.
[0018]
In addition, since the number of optical transmission means is one more than the number of optical axes shielded by the obstacle, the pitch between the optical axes of the sub detection areas on the side of the obstacle is the main projector / receiver. There is no possibility of expansion beyond the pitch between the optical axes.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sub light projector / receiver including at least two optical elements is disposed adjacent to the obstacle as a substantial light transmission means. The number of optical elements included in the sub light projector / receiver is at least one more than the number of optical axes shielded by the obstacles, whereby the light curtain light formed by the main light projector / receiver There is no possibility that the pitch between the axes will be enlarged, and therefore it is not necessary to pay close attention to positioning in the installation of the sub projector / receiver.
The above object, other objects, and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to FIG. 5, a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device 100 includes a main projector 11 and a main light receiver 12 corresponding to the main projector 11 as basic units. Both can be added in series and / or in parallel. The safety device 100 includes a sub light receiver 13 partially corresponding to the main light projector 1 and a sub light projector 14 partially corresponding to the main light receiver 12.
[0021]
The main projector 11 has an elongated case 11a, and N (in this embodiment, 12) light projecting elements (not shown) are arranged at regular intervals in the case 11a along the longitudinal direction. Is arranged. The pitch between adjacent light projecting elements is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 20 mm.
[0022]
Like the main projector 11, the main light receiver 12 has a long and narrow case 12a. In the case 12a, N pieces of the same number as the light projecting elements of the main projector 11 are arranged in a line along the longitudinal direction. (In this embodiment, 12 light receiving elements (not shown) are arranged at equal intervals. The pitch between the adjacent light receiving elements is the same as that of the main projector 11, and if the pitch between the adjacent light projecting elements is 20 mm, the pitch between the adjacent light receiving elements is also 20 mm.
[0023]
The sub light receiver 13 has a relatively short case 13a, and the number of the case 13a is smaller than the number of optical elements (light projecting elements or light receiving elements) included in the main light projector 11 or the main light receiver 12. N (at least two) light receiving elements (not shown) are arranged in a line. In this embodiment, four light receiving elements are arranged, and the pitch between the four light receiving elements is equal to or slightly smaller than the pitch between adjacent light projecting elements of the main projector 11.
[0024]
Similarly to the sub light receiver 13, the sub light projector 14 has a relatively short case 14a, and n light projecting elements (not shown) of the same number as the light receiving elements of the sub light receiver 13 are included in the case 14a. Are arranged in a row. In this embodiment, four light projecting elements are arranged, and the pitch between the four light projecting elements is preferably the same as the pitch between the light receiving elements of the sub light receiver 13.
[0025]
For example, if the lengths of the cases 13a and 14a of the sub projectors and receivers 13 and 14 are four optical axis type sub projectors and receivers 13 and 14, the three optical axes of the main projectors and receivers 11 and 12 are shielded. In the cases 13a and 14a that have a length and shield the three optical axes, at least one optical element that is larger than the number of light axes that are shielded is arranged in a line.
[0026]
Numbers 1, 2,..., 12 shown in FIG. 5 indicate optical axis numbers between the main projector 11 and the main light receiver 12. As can be understood from the figure, the main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12 are arranged to face each other on the same plane, and the main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12 perform light transmission / reception between the main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12. Make a detection area or light curtain. The sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14 are disposed in the main detection area, and are provided between the main light projector 11 and the sub light receiver 13 and between the sub light projector 14 and the main light receiver 12. Two sub detection areas are created.
[0027]
That is, the sub light receiver 13 is arranged adjacent to one side surface of the protruding portion of the press machine or the obstacle 15 and facing the main projector 11, and the first light projecting element corresponding to the main projector 11 is the first. Create a sub detection area. The sub light projector 14 is arranged adjacent to the other side surface of the obstacle 15 and facing the main light receiver 12, and forms a second sub detection area with the corresponding light receiving element of the main light receiver 12.
[0028]
In FIG. 5, the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14 are disposed on the third to fifth optical axes between the main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12, and a sub detection area is formed on the third to fifth optical axes. However, this is merely an example, and the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14 are arranged at positions where the obstacle 15 shields the optical axis between the main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12. Further, the number of light receiving elements and light projecting elements of the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14 may be a plurality of types (for example, two optical axis types) having different numbers of built-in optical elements corresponding to different sizes of the obstacle 15. (4 optical axis type, 8 optical axis type, 16 optical axis type) sub-emitters and receivers 13 and 14 are preferably prepared.
[0029]
The main light projector 11, the main light receiver 12, the sub light receiver 13, and the sub light projector 14 are connected to each other via a communication line 17.
[0030]
Both the main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12 constituting the basic unit are provided with an optical axis adjustment display unit 18 in which, for example, a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) segments are juxtaposed vertically, and the LED segments are, for example, red or green A two-color light emitting diode that emits light is employed. The main projector 11 and the main light receiver 12 emit, for example, green light at normal times. On the other hand, when an unscheduled optical axis other than normal light is blocked or received, or when the system itself fails. Is provided with an output indicator lamp, that is, an on / off indicator lamp 19 composed of an LED that emits red light.
[0031]
The display format of the optical axis adjustment display unit 18 is not particularly limited, but when all the optical axes or light beams are incident on the main light receiver 12, all the LED segments are colored green. . When a part of the optical axes are shielded, the optical axis adjustment display unit 18 emits the number of segments corresponding to the proportion of the shielded optical axes, in other words, the red light from the bottom. The number of segments corresponding to the shielded optical axis are extinguished from above. That is, as the light incident rate increases or according to the degree of optical axis adjustment, that is, the ratio between the light shielding optical axis and the light incident optical axis, a red bar extends upward.
[0032]
Further, the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14 are provided with an optical axis adjustment display unit 20 having substantially the same function as the optical axis adjustment display unit 18 described above.
[0033]
With respect to the optical axis adjustment display unit 18 provided in the main light receiver 12 and / or the optical axis adjustment display unit 20 provided in the sub light receiver 13 or the like, the display types listed below are conventionally known. There may be.
(1) An indicator lamp that is turned on or off when all the optical axes are incident and the optical axis adjustment is completed;
(2) When all the optical axes are incident and the optical axis adjustment is completed, for example, an indicator lamp that changes color from red to green;
(3) An indicator lamp that increases or decreases the number of LEDs that are turned on according to the amount of light received by the light receiver;
(4) An indicator lamp whose blinking speed changes according to the ratio between the light shielding optical axis and the light incident optical axis;
(5) Indicator lamp whose blinking speed changes according to the amount of light received by the receiver;
(6) An indicator lamp is provided for each optical axis, and an indicator lamp that indicates a state of entering or blocking light for each optical axis;
(7) Divide the projector and the many optical axes of the projector into several blocks, and display the incident / light-shielded state with the indicator lamps for each block.
[0034]
Reference numeral 22 in FIG. 5 switches the main light emitters / receivers 11, 12 to the teaching mode in order to perform “fix blanking” processing to invalidate the optical axis that interferes with the obstacle 15 of the main light emitters / receivers 11, 12. The teaching switch 22 can be constituted by a dip (DIP) switch as in the prior art.
[0035]
Referring to FIG. 6, the main projector 11 includes N light projecting circuits 111 that drive the light projecting elements 110 including N (for example, 12) light emitting diodes, and the light projecting circuits 111 are time-divided. And a light projecting element control circuit 113 for controlling the main projector 11 as a whole. The light projecting element control circuit 113 provides an optical axis adjustment display unit 18 and an output display. A control signal is output to the lamp 19.
[0036]
The main projector 11 further includes a first projector communication control circuit 114 that controls transmission / reception of bidirectional signals to / from the main receiver 12, the sub-receiver 13, and the like, and an additional main projector (not shown) connected in series. And a second projector communication control circuit 115 for controlling communication between the two projectors.
[0037]
On the other hand, the main light receiver 12 includes N light receiving circuits 121 that drive N (for example, 12) light receiving elements 120, a light receiving element switching circuit 122 that scans these light receiving circuits 121 in a time division manner, and an amplifier circuit. 123 and a light receiving element control circuit 124 that controls the main light receiver 12 as a whole.
[0038]
The main light receiver 12 further includes a first light receiver communication control circuit 125 that controls transmission and reception of bidirectional signals with the main light projector 11, the sub light receiver 13, and the like, and an additional light receiver (not shown) connected in series. And a second photoreceiver communication control circuit 126 for controlling communication with each other.
[0039]
The main light receiver 12 also receives a light shielding signal from the light receiving element control circuit 124, and performs a detection process or a signal processing for detecting that the light shielding has occurred, for example, two to three times within a predetermined period. 127, and the object detection signal from the output circuit 128 via the light reception signal processing circuit 127 is related to the light curtain formed by the main projector 11 and the main light receiver 12, such as a control panel of a press or an alarm lamp. It is sent to an external device (not shown), and the operation of the press device 20 is immediately stopped.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 7, the sub light receiver 13 includes n light receiving circuits 131 that drive n light receiving elements 130 (four in this embodiment), and light reception that scans these light receiving circuits 131 in a time-sharing manner. Sub-receiver communication control for controlling bidirectional signal transmission / reception between the element switching circuit 132, the amplifier circuit 133, the light-receiving element control circuit 134 for overall control of the sub-light receiver 13, and the main projector 11, the sub-projector 14 and the like. And a control signal is output from the light receiving element control circuit 134 to the optical axis adjustment display unit 20.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 8, the sub-light projector 14 scans n light projecting circuits 141 for driving n light projecting elements 140 (four in this embodiment), and these light projecting circuits 141 in a time division manner. A light projecting element switching circuit (optical axis switching circuit) 142 and a light projecting element control circuit 143 for controlling the sub projector 14 as a whole. A control signal is output from the light projecting element control circuit 143 to the optical axis adjustment display unit 20. Is done. The sub light projector 14 also includes a sub light projector communication control circuit 144 that controls transmission / reception of bidirectional signals with the main light receiver 12 and the sub light receiver 13.
[0042]
The multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device 100 according to the embodiment performs transmission / reception of, for example, a synchronization signal through the communication line 22 between the main projector 11, the main light receiver 12, the sub light receiver 13, and the sub light projector 14. Accordingly, the light projecting element and the light receiving element included in the related projector and light receiver are selectively enabled sequentially at a predetermined timing.
[0043]
The main light projector 11 and the main light receiver 12 are conveniently set in advance so as to execute the basic operation sequence shown in FIG. 9. For example, a light curtain is formed without including the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14. In other words, in other words, when making a light curtain with only the main light emitters / receivers 11 and 12, as in the prior art, it operates according to a preset basic operation sequence, for example, FIG. When the light beam is emitted from the first light projecting element, the light beam having the first optical axis is received by the first light receiving element that is activated in synchronization with the light beam, and then the second light projecting element is projected. The light beam of the second optical axis is received by the second light receiving element that is activated in synchronization with the light, and thereafter, the light beam is successively emitted from the third optical axis to the fourth optical axis. Light is projected and received.
[0044]
FIG. 10 shows an example of the multi-detection or second operation sequence in the arrangement example of FIG. 5 when the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14 are incorporated. That is, in the arrangement example of FIG. 5, the obstacle 15 is located at a position where the third to fifth optical axes of the main light emitters 11 and 12 are shielded. The five optical axes are blanking optical axes. Then, sub projectors and receivers 13 and 14 each having one more optical element are arranged on the third to fifth optical axes.
[0045]
According to the second operation sequence, light is sequentially projected from the light projecting elements of the first to twelfth optical axes of the main projector 11, but between the third optical axis and the fourth optical axis, Between the fifth optical axis, between the fifth optical axis and the sixth optical axis, the third 'optical axis, the fourth' optical axis, the fifth 'optical axis and the sixth' optical axis of the sub-projector 14 When the light is projected from the light projecting element, and the light projecting element of the sixth light axis of the sub light projector 14 is finished, the light is projected again from the light projecting element of the sixth light axis of the main light projector 11.
[0046]
The numbers in parentheses in the time chart of FIG. 10 indicate the optical axis numbers of the main light receiver 12 and the sub light receiver 13 activated corresponding to the light projection of the light projecting element.
[0047]
As can be understood from the time chart of FIG. 10, regarding the third to fifth optical axes that are the blanking optical axes, the light projection of the third optical axis of the main projector is performed by the light receiving element of the third light axis of the sub light receiver 13. Then, the light projecting element of the third optical axis of the sub light projector 14 is activated, and this light projection is received by the light receiving element of the third light axis of the main light receiver 12. Next, the light projecting element of the fourth optical axis of the main projector is activated, and this light projection is received by the light receiving element of the fourth ′ optical axis of the sub light receiver 13, and then the fourth light axis of the sub light projector 14. The light projecting element is activated, and this light projection is received by the light receiving element on the fourth optical axis of the main light receiver 12. Next, the light projecting element of the fifth optical axis of the main projector is activated, and this light projection is received by the light receiving element of the fifth ′ optical axis of the sub light receiver 13.
[0048]
As can be readily understood with reference to FIG. 11, it should be noted that in the sub-detection area formed by the main projector 11, the sub-light receiver 13, the sub-projector 14, and the main light receiver 12, When the light projecting element of the optical axis is activated, this light projection is received by the light receiving element of the 6 ′ optical axis of the sub light receiver 13, and then the 6 ′ optical axis of the sub light projector 14. The light projecting element is activated, and this light projection is received by the light receiving element of the sixth optical axis of the main light receiver 12.
[0049]
When the scanning of the sub detection area is completed, the light projecting element of the sixth optical axis of the main projector 11 and the light receiving element of the sixth optical axis of the main light receiver 12 are activated again, and the light projection of the sixth optical axis is performed. Light is received by the light receiving element of the sixth optical axis of the main light receiver 12, and thereafter, the corresponding optical elements of the main light receivers 11 and 12 are activated one after another to perform light projection and reception.
[0050]
That is, the light projecting element of the sixth optical axis of the main projector 11 performs the light projecting operation twice, and the optical axis that performs the light projecting operation twice is the light projecting device of the second optical axis. Although it may be an optical element, the obstacle 15 is often located at the lower part of the light curtain usually formed by the main projectors 11 and 12, and the obstacle 15 interferes with the first optical axis. Since it may be located near the surface (interference with the first optical axis), it is preferably the sixth optical axis as in the embodiment.
[0051]
For example, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the optical axis (the third optical axis in the illustrated example) of the sub detection area between the main projector 11 and the sub light receiver 13 is the light shielding object S (for example, the hand of an operator). This is detected by the fact that the light receiving element of the 3 ′ optical axis of the sub light receiver 13 does not receive light, and when the sub light projector 14 receives this detection signal, the third light of the sub light projector 14 is detected. The axial light projecting element is not activated. Therefore, since the light receiving element of the third optical axis of the main light receiver 12 does not receive light, an object detection signal is output from the output circuit 128 via the light reception signal processing circuit 127 built in the main light receiver 12, and the press device Etc. are stopped immediately.
[0052]
Conventionally, by invalidating the optical axis shielded by the obstacle 15, the light curtain of the main projectors 11 and 12 is brought close to the position where it interferes with the obstacle 15. According to the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device 100 of the embodiment, the sub-detection area can be formed by using the sub projector / receivers 13 and 14 in the area of the optical axis that has been invalidated in the prior art. The sex can be improved dramatically.
[0053]
Further, as best understood from FIG. 11, the number of optical axes shielded by the presence of the obstacle 15 that interferes with the light curtain formed by the main light emitters / receivers 11 and 12 (three optical axes in the illustrated example). Since the light curtain of the sub detection area is made with one added optical axis (four optical axes in the illustrated example), there is no need to pay close attention to the positioning related to the installation of the sub light emitters / receivers 13 and 14. can do.
[0054]
This point will be described in detail. When the pitch of the optical elements of the sub projectors and receivers 13 and 14 is the same as that of the main projectors and receivers 11 and 12, the sub light receiver 13 and / or the sub projectors 14 are slightly displaced up and down. For example, when the sub light receiver 13 is installed in a state slightly displaced upward, the distance between the third optical axis projected and received by the main light projector 11 and the sub light receiver 13 and the second optical axis. Will spread.
[0055]
On the other hand, according to the safety device 100 of the embodiment, the number of optical axes that are blocked by the presence of the obstacle 15 that interferes with the light curtain formed by the main light projectors 11 and 12 (three light beams in the illustrated example) Since the light curtain of the sub detection area is made by the optical axis (four optical axes in the example shown in the figure) added to the axis), even if the sub light receiver 13 is installed in a slightly displaced state, the light There is no risk that the pitch between the shafts will increase.
[0056]
The above positioning problem is mainly based on the premise that the sub projectors and receivers 13 and 14 are installed on the same plane as the light curtain formed by the main projectors and receivers 11 and 12. In order to function normally even if the sub projector / receiver 13, 14 is installed at a position slightly offset back and forth from the light curtain formed by the projector / receiver 11, 12, The light projecting / receiving window of the optical element included in the light projecting / receiving device is set to be horizontally long, or the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the sub light projecting / receiving device 13, 14, that is, the direction crossing the cases 13 a, 14 a of the sub light projecting / receiving device 13, 14. A plurality of optical elements may be arranged on the screen. Thereby, the positioning of the sub projectors / receivers 13 and 14 can be further facilitated.
[0057]
Further, although the embodiment of the present invention has been described as an example in which the light receiving element and the optical element of the light projecting element are incorporated as the sub light receiver 13 and the sub light projector 14, the light beam projected from the main light projector 11 is sub Even if a light transmission means that receives the light by the light receiver 13 and bypasses the obstacle 15 and projects light from the sub light projector 14 to the main light receiver 12, it functions sufficiently as a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device. The optical projector 13 and the sub projector 14 are connected by, for example, an optical cable, and the light beam received by the sub optical receiver 13 is sent to the sub projector 14 through the optical cable, and is projected from the sub projector 14 toward the main optical receiver 12. Also good.
[0058]
By providing the light transmission means in this way, when the light beam from the main projector 11 is projected to the main light receiver 12 by bypassing the obstacle 15, the optical axis such as a shutter is used as the light transmission means for bypassing. It is desirable to provide selection means so as to sequentially transmit a light beam for each optical axis as in the above-described light projecting / receiving element so as to suppress transmission of a light beam of another optical axis. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view illustrating an example of installation of a conventional multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device from the side.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view illustrating another example of installation of a conventional multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device from the side.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a conventional example in which the side area of an obstacle is invalidated when the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device of FIG. 2 is installed at a position where it interferes with the obstacle.
4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a conventional example in which an invalid area is covered with a wire mesh or the like in relation to FIG. 3 from the front.
FIG. 5 is an overall system diagram of the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a main light projector / receiver included in the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device of the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a sub light receiver.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a sub projector.
FIG. 9 is a time chart for explaining a basic operation sequence of a main projector / receiver included in the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a time chart for explaining an operation sequence when a set of sub light emitters / receivers is incorporated in the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device of the embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining transmission and reception of light between the main and sub projectors included in the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device of the embodiment.
FIG. 12 shows the specification of the optical axis shielded by an obstacle when the multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device of the embodiment is installed at a position where it interferes with the obstacle, and the operation sequence of the main and sub projector / receiver. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure regarding a setting.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 Multi-optical photoelectric safety device
11 Main floodlight
12 Main receiver
13 Sub floodlight
14 Sub-receiver
15 Obstacles that interfere with the light curtain
S Shading object

Claims (5)

等間隔に一列に配置された複数の投光素子を備えたメイン投光器と、該メイン投光器の投光素子と同じ数の受光素子を備え、これら受光素子が一列に等間隔に配置されたメイン受光器とを互いに対面させることによりライトカーテンを形成するための多光軸光電式安全装置において、
前記ライトカーテンと干渉する障害物をバイパスして、前記メイン投光器からの光ビームを実質的に前記メイン受光器に差し向ける光伝達手段と、
該光伝達手段に設けられ、前記メイン投光器からの光ビームの伝達を選択的に遮断する光軸選択手段とを含み、
前記光伝達手段の数が、前記障害物が前記ライトカーテンを遮光する光軸の数よりも少なくとも一つ多く、
前記メイン投光器の前記障害物に隣接した光軸の投光素子から2回投光され、前記光軸選択手段によって、そのうち1回の投光が前記光伝達手段を経由して前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光され、他の1回の投光が直接的に前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光されることを特徴とする多光軸光電式安全装置。
A main light projector having a plurality of light projecting elements arranged in a line at equal intervals, and a main light receiving device having the same number of light receiving elements as the light projecting elements of the main light projector, and these light receiving elements arranged in a line at equal intervals In a multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device for forming a light curtain by facing the container with each other,
A light transmission means for bypassing an obstacle that interferes with the light curtain and substantially directing a light beam from the main projector to the main light receiver;
An optical axis selection means provided in the light transmission means for selectively blocking transmission of a light beam from the main projector,
The number of the light transmission means is at least one more than the number of optical axes where the obstacle blocks the light curtain,
Light is projected twice from the light projecting element of the optical axis adjacent to the obstacle of the main projector, and one light of the light is selected by the optical axis selection means via the light transmission means of the main light receiver. A multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device characterized in that it is received by a corresponding light receiving element and another light projection is directly received by the corresponding light receiving element of the main light receiver.
前記光伝達手段が、前記メイン投光器に対面して配置され且つ少なくとも以上の二つの受光素子を備えたサブ受光器と、前記メイン受光器に対面して配置され且つ少なくとも二つの投光素子を備えたサブ投光器によって構成される、請求項1に記載の多光軸光電式安全装置。The light transmitting means includes a sub light receiver disposed to face the main light projector and including at least two light receiving elements, and includes at least two light projecting elements disposed to face the main light receiver. The multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device according to claim 1, comprising a sub-projector. 前記光伝達手段が光ケーブルによって構成され、該光ケーブルに設けられたシャッタにより前記光軸選択手段が構成される、請求項1に記載の多光軸光電式安全装置。2. The multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device according to claim 1, wherein the optical transmission unit is configured by an optical cable, and the optical axis selection unit is configured by a shutter provided in the optical cable. 障害物の回りに数多くの光軸の光ビームでライトカーテンを形成する多光軸光電式安全装置であって、
等間隔に一列に配置された複数の投光素子を備えたメイン投光器と、
該メイン投光器と対面して配置され、該メイン投光器の投光素子と同じ数の受光素子を備え、これら受光素子が一列に等間隔に配置されたメイン受光器と、
前記ライトカーテンの少なくとも一つの光軸の光ビームを遮光する前記障害物の一側に、前記メイン投光器と対面して配置され、前記メイン投光器からの光ビームを受光可能な受光素子を少なくとも二つ含むサブ受光器と、
前記障害物の他側に、前記メイン受光器と対面して配置され、前記メイン受光器に向けて光ビームを投光可能な投光素子を少なくとも二つ含むサブ投光器とを含み、
前記障害物が遮光する光軸の数よりも少なくとも一つ数の多い光学素子が前記サブ受光器及び前記サブ投光器に設けられ、
前記メイン投光器の前記障害物に隣接した光軸の投光素子から2回投光され、そのうち1回の投光が前記サブ受光器の受光素子によって受光され、他の1回の投光が前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光されることを特徴とする多光軸光電式安全装置。
A multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device that forms a light curtain with light beams of many optical axes around an obstacle,
A main projector having a plurality of projector elements arranged in a line at equal intervals;
A main light receiver that is arranged facing the main light projector, includes the same number of light receiving elements as the light projecting elements of the main light projector, and these light receiving elements are arranged at equal intervals in a line;
At least two light receiving elements arranged on one side of the obstacle that blocks a light beam of at least one optical axis of the light curtain so as to face the main light projector and capable of receiving the light beam from the main light projector. Including a sub-receiver,
A sub-projector including at least two light projecting elements disposed on the other side of the obstacle so as to face the main light receiver and capable of projecting a light beam toward the main light receiver;
At least one more optical element than the number of optical axes shielded by the obstacle is provided in the sub light receiver and the sub light projector,
Light is projected twice from the light projecting element of the optical axis adjacent to the obstacle of the main light projector, one light projecting is received by the light receiving element of the sub light receiver, and the other light projecting is performed as described above. A multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device that is received by a corresponding light receiving element of a main light receiver.
障害物の回りに数多くの光軸の光ビームでライトカーテンを形成する多光軸光電式安全装置であって、
等間隔に一列に配置された複数の投光素子を備えたメイン投光器と、
該メイン投光器と対面して配置され、該メイン投光器の投光素子と同じ数の受光素子を備え、これら受光素子が一列に等間隔に配置されたメイン受光器と、
前記ライトカーテンの少なくとも一つの光軸の光ビームを遮光する前記障害物の一側に、前記メイン投光器と対面して配置され、前記メイン投光器からの光ビームを受光して前記障害物をバイパスさせる少なくとも二つの光伝達手段を含むサブ受光器と、
前記障害物の他側に、前記メイン受光器と対面して配置され、前記少なくとも二つのバイパス手段によって前記障害物をバイパスした光ビームを受け取って前記メイン受光器に向けて投光可能なサブ投光器とを含み、
前記バイパス手段が、前記障害物が遮光する光軸の数よりも少なくとも一つ数が多く、
前記メイン投光器の前記障害物に隣接した光軸の投光素子から2回投光され、前記バイパス手段に設けられた光軸選択手段によって、そのうち1回の投光が前記バイパス手段を経由して前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光され、他の1回の投光が直接的に前記メイン受光器の対応する受光素子によって受光されることを特徴とする多光軸光電式安全装置。
A multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device that forms a light curtain with light beams of many optical axes around an obstacle,
A main projector having a plurality of projector elements arranged in a line at equal intervals;
A main light receiver that is arranged facing the main light projector, includes the same number of light receiving elements as the light projecting elements of the main light projector, and these light receiving elements are arranged at equal intervals in a line;
The obstacle is disposed on one side of the obstacle that blocks a light beam of at least one optical axis of the light curtain so as to face the main projector, and receives the light beam from the main projector to bypass the obstacle. A sub-receiver including at least two light transmission means;
A sub-projector disposed on the other side of the obstacle so as to face the main light receiver and capable of receiving a light beam bypassing the obstacle by the at least two bypass means and projecting the light toward the main light receiver Including
The bypass means is at least one more than the number of optical axes shielded by the obstacle,
Light is projected twice from the light projecting element of the optical projector adjacent to the obstacle of the main projector, and one light is transmitted through the bypass device by the optical axis selection device provided in the bypass device. A multi-optical axis photoelectric safety device characterized in that it is received by a corresponding light receiving element of the main light receiver, and another light projection is directly received by the corresponding light receiving element of the main light receiver.
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