JP4253457B2 - Bulge processing mold - Google Patents

Bulge processing mold Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4253457B2
JP4253457B2 JP2002057589A JP2002057589A JP4253457B2 JP 4253457 B2 JP4253457 B2 JP 4253457B2 JP 2002057589 A JP2002057589 A JP 2002057589A JP 2002057589 A JP2002057589 A JP 2002057589A JP 4253457 B2 JP4253457 B2 JP 4253457B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
mold
curvature
radius
divided
parting line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002057589A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003251418A (en
Inventor
義明 門間
恭一 真野
浩一 平松
博雄 石橋
勉 波江野
浩一 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Steel Corp
Toyota Motor Corp
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Priority to JP2002057589A priority Critical patent/JP4253457B2/en
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  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、バルジ加工・ハイドロフォーム加工成形装置の金型に関し、さらに詳しくは、素材管の内部に液圧を供給しながら素材管の両端を軸方向プレスによって送り素材管を成形型の形状に倣って脹らませ成形するためのバルジ加工装置の金型に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液圧バルジ加工装置は、一般に、素材管の両端をシールし、内部に充填した液体の圧力を上昇させて拡管成形など所定の形状に成形をおこなうものである。金型内部の形状は、製品の形状となっており、素材管が拡管しながらこの金型内部の形状に添うため所望の形状の製品を得ることができる。流体の圧力上昇に伴い、金型内部に押し広げようとする力が働くため、金型内面には引っ張り応力が作用する。このとき金型内面に角部があればそこに応力集中が発生し、ここを起点に金型に亀裂が発生し破損することがある。一般に、液体圧力を制限すれば発生応力を制限することができるが、液体圧力を下げると十分加工することができず、ある限度以上は品質上の問題で下げることはできない。また一般に、この角部に設ける曲率半径Rを大きくすれば応力集中を緩和し発生応力を低減させることができるが、上記曲率半径は製品形状によって決定されるため、変更することはできない。
つまり、金型内部にある角部に発生する応力は対策のできないものとして、既存技術ではその解決が放置されており、金型寿命の低下や頻繁なメンテナンスを招来していた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はかかる従来技術の問題点を解消し、金型寿命を飛躍的に、或いは半永久的にまで向上させるための技術である。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1の金型に関わる発明は、上記目的を達成するために、上下に分割された金型内に高圧流体を供給し、金型内部に収容された素材管に所定の加工を行う加工装置用の金型において、さらに素材管に接触する内側部分の金型と、それを保持する外側部分の金型の複数個に分割され、内側部分の金型がさらに、分割線が素材管に接触する面から外側部分の金型に接触する面まで達するように、素材管の周方向に複数個に分割され、分割された内側部分の金型の一部又は全部は一方の分割線と他方の分割線との間の内面にコーナー部を有し、内側部分の金型外面と外側部分の金型内面との間が、分割線近傍でのみ接触することを特徴とする加工装置用金型である。
請求項2に関わる発明は、前記一方の分割線と他方の分割線との間の外側部分の金型内面の曲率半径R1を、その最近傍に位置する内側部分の金型外面の曲率半径R2よりも小さくすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加工装置用金型である。
請求項3に関わる発明は、素材管の長手方向直角断面でみた前記一方の分割線と他方の分割線との間の外側部分の金型内面の曲率半径R1を、その最近傍に位置する内側部分の金型外面の曲率半径R2よりも、0.05mm以上小さくしたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の加工装置用金型である。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の一実施形態を説明する。
図1に本発明に関わる実施形態を示す。図は金型断面を示したものである。図2は従来技術で、金型を上下分割のみとし、上下の金型はそれ以上分割しないものである。ここでバルジ加工の金型断面における模式図を図2〜図4に示す。先ず図2に示す如く、上金型1と下金型2の内に素材管3を格納する。格納した図は図3に示す。その後図4に示す如く素材管内部に高圧液体を注入することで、素材管3は製品4に加工される。このとき金型内面のコーナーR部5には過大な引っ張り応力が発生し、疲労亀裂が進展することがある。例えば内部の形状が100×100mm、コーナーR部5の曲率半径がR10、内圧を2000Bar 付与した場合に、コーナーR部5で760MPa もの応力が発生した。また図5は従来技術の他の例で、上下に分割した金型を外側部分6と内側部分7に分割したものである。この場合上記と同じ条件で実験したところ、コーナーR部5での応力は690MPa となり、上記の従来技術と比較して応力を低減することができたが、十分に疲労限界内に抑えることができなかった。
【0006】
そこで図6に示す如く上下の内側金型7をさらに、分割線8が素材管に接触する面から外側部分の金型に接触する面まで達するように、複数個に分割した(この図の場合はそれぞれ2個)。分割された内側部分の金型の全部は内面にコーナー部を有する。この場合コーナー部での発生応力を570MPa まで低減することができ、内側金型7の材料を工具鋼にするなど適当に選択すれば疲労破壊を防ぐことができる応力となった。この場合内側金型7の分割線8は図のように直線にしても、内側金型7の保持の目的で曲線や不連続線にしてもよい。同様に図7に示す如く上下の内側金型7をそれぞれ3分割にした場合には、コーナー部の応力を300MPa 以下にできた。分割された内側部分の金型の一部は内面にコーナー部を有する。このように分割数を多くするに従って応力を低減することができるが、あまり多くしすぎると金型製造コストが大きくなりすぎるため得策ではない。実用的には上下の内側金型7をそれぞれ2乃至4分割するのが適当である。
【0007】
図11に示す如く外側金型6と内側金型7の分割面で外側金型6の面を曲面にした。成形内圧により外側金型6の内側面にも引っ張り応力が発生するが、これを緩和するために曲率半径をR30以上の曲面とした。これにより同部分の応力を疲労限界以下にすることが可能である。
図1に示す如く図11に示す発明と同様の作用で外側金型6の応力を低減することが可能である。
【0008】
図9は、図1の内側部分の金型7近傍の拡大図である。これは内側部分の金型7外面と、外側部分の金型6内面間の接触部分が、分割面近傍12でのみ接触することを特徴としたものである。
内側部分の金型を、外形及び内形が断面略四角形の中空角柱状としたときの接触部分はそれぞれ金型分割面から内側部分の金型7外面と、外側部分の金型6内面が、分割面から内側部分の金型7最小厚み13の0.5〜1.5倍の範囲内で接触することを特徴としたものである。逆に図8に示す如く内側部分の金型7外面と、外側部分の金型6内面が、分割面近傍12で接触せずに、その中間付近、或いは全面で接触する場合には、金型内部に成形液圧が掛かった場合に、内側金型部分7は開こうとする方向にモーメント10が働き、その方向に歪む。従って内側金型7内面には引っ張り応力が働き、コーナー部5では応力が集中するために過大な応力が発生する。本発明のように分割面近傍12でのみ接触することにより、内圧によって内側金型7に発生するモーメント11は逆転し金型内側部分7を閉じようとする方向に働くため、接触範囲を適当に制御することにより内側金型7内面に発生する引っ張り応力を低減、若しくは圧縮側に制御することが可能である。このことにより、どんなにコーナー部5の曲率半径の小さいものでも、或いはどんなに高い成形液圧でもコーナー部5よりの金型亀裂なしに成形することが可能である。図10に示す如く上記効果が発現するためには、そのときの接触部分はそれぞれ金型分割面8から内側部分の金型7外面と、外側部分の金型6の内面が、分割面8から内側部分の金型最小厚み13の0.5〜1.5倍の範囲で接触する必要がある。上記接触面が大きすぎると応力低減効果は期待できず、逆に小さすぎると内外金型接触圧力が大きくなりすぎるので、上記範囲内が適当である。なお、図10において、OK範囲は、目視にて確認した金型亀裂なしで成形することが可能な範囲である。
【0009】
図12は、外側部分の金型6内面の曲率半径R1を、その最近傍に位置する内側部分の金型7外面の曲率半径R2よりも小さくすることを特徴とするものである。これにより図9を用いて説明したものと同じ効果が発現するため、内側金型7の角部の応力集中を低減することができる。またこのとき素材管の長手方向直角断面でみた外側部分の金型6内面の曲率半径R1を、その最近傍に位置する内側部分の金型7外面の曲率半径R2よりも、0.05mm以上小さくするとよい。これ以下であると十分なモーメント逆転効果が得られない。
また分割した内外の金型6,7でそれぞれ最適な材料や熱処理を選択することができるので、無駄にオーバースペックの材料を使うことなく製造コストを低減することができる。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、バルジ成形用金型の寿命を飛躍的に向上させ、さらにコスト削減を可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態例である。
【図2】既存技術におけるバルジ加工プロセスの金型断面図である。
【図3】既存技術におけるバルジ加工プロセスの金型断面図である。
【図4】既存技術におけるバルジ加工プロセスの金型断面図である。
【図5】既存技術におけるバルジ加工金型断面図である。
【図6】内側金型をそれぞれ2分割したバルジ加工用金型の断面図である。
【図7】内側金型をそれぞれ3分割したバルジ加工用金型の断面図である。
【図8】内側金型をそれぞれ2分割したバルジ加工用金型の断面の一部拡大図である。
【図9】内側金型をそれぞれ2分割したバルジ加工用金型の断面の一部拡大図である。
【図10】接触長/内側金型最大厚みと金型内面コーナー部に発生する応力の相関図である。
【図11】本発明の実施形態例である。
【図12】図11における拡大説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 上金型
2 下金型
3 素材管
4 成形品
5 金型内側コーナーR部
6 金型外側部分
7 金型内側部分
8 金型内側部分分割線
9 成形液圧
10 金型内側部分を開こうとする曲げモーメント
11 金型内側部分を閉じようとする曲げモーメント
12 金型内側部分と金型外側部分の接触部分
13 金型内側部分の最小厚み
R1 外側部分の金型内面の曲率半径
R2 内側部分の金型外面の曲率半径
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mold for a bulge processing / hydroform processing molding apparatus, and more specifically, feeds both ends of a material pipe by axial pressing while supplying a hydraulic pressure to the inside of the material pipe to form the shape of the material pipe. The present invention relates to a mold for a bulge processing apparatus for copying and expanding.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The hydraulic bulge processing apparatus generally seals both ends of a material tube and raises the pressure of the liquid filled inside to perform a predetermined shape such as tube expansion molding. The shape inside the mold is the shape of the product, and the material pipe follows the shape inside the mold while expanding the tube, so that a product having a desired shape can be obtained. As the fluid pressure rises, a force to push the inside of the mold acts, so that tensile stress acts on the inner surface of the mold. At this time, if there is a corner on the inner surface of the mold, stress concentration occurs there, and the mold may crack and break from this point. In general, if the liquid pressure is limited, the generated stress can be limited. However, if the liquid pressure is decreased, sufficient processing cannot be performed, and a certain limit or more cannot be reduced due to quality problems. Generally, if the radius of curvature R provided at the corner is increased, the stress concentration can be reduced and the generated stress can be reduced. However, the radius of curvature is determined by the product shape and cannot be changed.
In other words, the stress generated in the corners inside the mold cannot be taken as a countermeasure, and the existing technology has left the solution, leading to a decrease in the mold life and frequent maintenance.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is a technique for solving the problems of the prior art and improving the mold life dramatically or semipermanently.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention related to the mold of claim 1 is a process of supplying a high-pressure fluid into a mold divided into upper and lower parts and performing a predetermined process on a material pipe accommodated in the mold. The mold for the device is further divided into an inner part mold that contacts the material pipe and an outer part mold that holds the mold, and the inner part mold is further divided into the material pipe. The material pipe is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction so as to reach from the contact surface to the surface in contact with the outer part mold, and part or all of the divided inner part molds are divided into one dividing line and the other. It has a corner portion on the inner surface between the dividing line and between the inner surface of the die of the mold outer surface and the outer part of the inner part, the processing device mold, characterized in that contact only with the dividing line near It is.
In the invention according to claim 2, the curvature radius R1 of the mold inner surface of the outer part between the one parting line and the other parting line is set to be the radius of curvature R2 of the mold outer surface of the inner part located nearest to it. The mold for a processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mold is made smaller.
In the invention according to claim 3, the radius of curvature R1 of the mold inner surface of the outer portion between the one dividing line and the other dividing line as viewed in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the material pipe is the inner side located in the nearest vicinity. The mold for a processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the mold has a radius of curvature of 0.05 mm or more smaller than the radius of curvature R2 of the outer surface of the mold.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. The figure shows a cross section of the mold. FIG. 2 shows the prior art, in which the mold is divided only into upper and lower molds, and the upper and lower molds are not further divided. Here, schematic views in the cross section of the bulge processing mold are shown in FIGS. First, as shown in FIG. 2, the material tube 3 is stored in the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2. The stored diagram is shown in FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, the material tube 3 is processed into a product 4 by injecting a high-pressure liquid into the material tube. At this time, excessive tensile stress may be generated in the corner R portion 5 on the inner surface of the mold, and fatigue cracks may develop. For example, when the internal shape is 100 × 100 mm, the radius of curvature of the corner R portion 5 is R10, and the internal pressure is 2000 Bar, a stress of 760 MPa is generated in the corner R portion 5. FIG. 5 shows another example of the prior art, in which a die divided vertically is divided into an outer portion 6 and an inner portion 7. In this case, when an experiment was performed under the same conditions as described above, the stress at the corner R portion 5 was 690 MPa, and the stress could be reduced as compared with the above-described conventional technique, but could be sufficiently suppressed within the fatigue limit. There wasn't.
[0006]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper and lower inner molds 7 are further divided into a plurality of parts so that the dividing line 8 reaches from the surface in contact with the material tube to the surface in contact with the outer mold (in the case of this figure). Are two each). All of the divided inner molds have corners on the inner surface. In this case, the stress generated at the corner can be reduced to 570 MPa, and the stress can be prevented from fatigue failure if the material of the inner mold 7 is appropriately selected such as tool steel. In this case, the dividing line 8 of the inner mold 7 may be a straight line as shown in the figure, or may be a curve or a discontinuous line for the purpose of holding the inner mold 7. Similarly, when the upper and lower inner molds 7 are each divided into three as shown in FIG. 7, the stress at the corner can be reduced to 300 MPa or less. A part of the divided inner mold has a corner portion on the inner surface. As described above, the stress can be reduced as the number of divisions is increased. However, if the number is too large, the mold manufacturing cost becomes too high, which is not a good idea. Practically, it is appropriate to divide the upper and lower inner dies 7 into two or four parts.
[0007]
As shown in FIG. 11 , the outer mold 6 has a curved surface at the dividing surface of the outer mold 6 and the inner mold 7. Tensile stress is also generated on the inner surface of the outer mold 6 due to the molding internal pressure. In order to alleviate this, the curved surface has a curvature radius of R30 or more. Thereby, it is possible to make the stress of the same part below a fatigue limit.
As shown in FIG. 1, the stress of the outer mold 6 can be reduced by the same action as the invention shown in FIG.
[0008]
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the mold 7 in the inner portion of FIG. This is characterized in that the contact portion between the outer surface of the inner mold 7 and the inner surface of the outer mold 6 contacts only in the vicinity of the dividing surface 12.
When the inner part mold is a hollow prism having an outer shape and an inner shape of a substantially square cross section, the inner part 7 outer surface and the outer part mold 6 inner surface from the mold dividing surface, respectively, It contacts in the range of 0.5-1.5 times the metal mold | die 7 minimum thickness 13 of the inner part from a division surface, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 8, when the outer surface of the inner mold 7 and the inner surface of the outer mold 6 do not contact in the vicinity of the dividing surface 12 but in the middle or the entire surface, When a molding fluid pressure is applied to the inside, the inner mold portion 7 has a moment 10 acting in a direction to open and is distorted in that direction. Accordingly, tensile stress acts on the inner surface of the inner mold 7, and stress is concentrated at the corner portion 5, so that excessive stress is generated. By making contact only in the vicinity of the dividing surface 12 as in the present invention, the moment 11 generated in the inner mold 7 due to internal pressure is reversed and works in a direction to close the mold inner portion 7. By controlling, the tensile stress generated on the inner surface of the inner mold 7 can be reduced or controlled to the compression side. As a result, it is possible to mold the corner portion 5 with a small radius of curvature, or even with a high molding fluid pressure, without cracking the mold from the corner portion 5. As shown in FIG. 10, in order for the above-described effect to be exhibited, the contact portions at that time are the inner surface of the inner mold 7 from the mold dividing surface 8 and the inner surface of the outer mold 6 from the dividing surface 8. It is necessary to contact in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the minimum mold thickness 13 of the inner part. If the contact surface is too large, the stress reduction effect cannot be expected. Conversely, if the contact surface is too small, the inner / outer mold contact pressure becomes too large, so the above range is appropriate. In FIG. 10, the OK range is a range in which molding can be performed without visually confirming mold cracks.
[0009]
FIG. 12 is characterized in that the radius of curvature R1 of the inner surface of the mold 6 at the outer portion is made smaller than the radius of curvature R2 of the outer surface of the mold 7 at the innermost portion located in the vicinity thereof. As a result, the same effect as that described with reference to FIG. 9 is exhibited, so that the stress concentration at the corner of the inner mold 7 can be reduced. At this time, the curvature radius R1 of the inner surface of the mold 6 in the outer portion viewed from a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the material tube is 0.05 mm or more smaller than the curvature radius R2 of the outer surface of the mold 7 in the innermost portion located nearest to it. Good. If it is less than this, a sufficient moment reversal effect cannot be obtained.
In addition, since the optimum material and heat treatment can be selected for each of the divided inner and outer molds 6 and 7, the manufacturing cost can be reduced without wastefully using an overspec material.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to drastically improve the life of the bulge forming mold and further reduce the cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a mold of a bulging process in the existing technology.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a mold of a bulging process in the existing technology.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a mold of a bulging process in the existing technology.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bulge processing mold in the existing technology.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bulge processing mold obtained by dividing an inner mold into two parts.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a bulge processing mold in which an inner mold is divided into three parts.
FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of a cross section of a bulge processing mold in which an inner mold is divided into two.
FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of a cross section of a bulge processing mold obtained by dividing an inner mold into two parts.
FIG. 10 is a correlation diagram between the contact length / maximum inner mold thickness and the stress generated at the inner corner of the mold.
FIG. 11 is an example embodiment of the present invention.
12 is an enlarged explanatory view of FIG. 11. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Upper mold 2 Lower mold 3 Material pipe 4 Molded product 5 Mold inner corner R part 6 Mold outer part 7 Mold inner part 8 Mold inner parting line 9 Molding fluid pressure 10 Let's open the mold inner part Bending moment 11 Bending moment 12 trying to close the inner part of the mold 12 Contact part between the inner part of the mold and the outer part of the mold 13 Minimum thickness R1 of the inner part of the mold R1 Curvature radius R2 of the inner surface of the outer part Radius of curvature of mold outer surface

Claims (3)

上下に分割された金型内に高圧流体を供給し、金型内部に収容された素材管に所定の加工を行う加工装置用の金型において、さらに素材管に接触する内側部分の金型と、それを保持する外側部分の金型の複数個に分割され、内側部分の金型がさらに、分割線が素材管に接触する面から外側部分の金型に接触する面まで達するように、素材管の周方向に複数個に分割され、分割された内側部分の金型の一部又は全部は一方の分割線と他方の分割線との間の内面にコーナー部を有し、内側部分の金型外面と外側部分の金型内面との間が、分割線近傍でのみ接触することを特徴とする加工装置用金型。In a mold for a processing apparatus that supplies a high-pressure fluid into a mold divided into upper and lower parts and performs a predetermined processing on a material pipe accommodated in the mold, a mold on an inner part that contacts the material pipe; The material is divided into a plurality of outer part molds to hold it, and the inner part molds further reach from the surface where the dividing line contacts the material tube to the surface which contacts the outer part mold Divided into multiple pieces in the circumferential direction of the tube, part or all of the divided inner part mold has a corner on the inner surface between one parting line and the other parting line, and the inner part mold A die for a processing apparatus, wherein the outer surface of the die and the inner surface of the outer die are in contact only in the vicinity of the dividing line. 前記一方の分割線と他方の分割線との間の外側部分の金型内面の曲率半径R1を、その最近傍に位置する内側部分の金型外面の曲率半径R2よりも小さくすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加工装置用金型。 The radius of curvature R1 of the inner surface of the mold at the outer part between the one parting line and the other parting line is made smaller than the radius of curvature R2 of the outer surface of the mold at the innermost part located nearest to it. The mold for a processing apparatus according to claim 1. 素材管の長手方向直角断面でみた前記一方の分割線と他方の分割線との間の外側部分の金型内面の曲率半径R1を、その最近傍に位置する内側部分の金型外面の曲率半径R2よりも、0.05mm以上小さくしたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の加工装置用金型。The curvature radius R1 of the mold inner surface of the outer part between the one parting line and the other parting line as viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the material pipe is the radius of curvature of the mold outer surface of the inner part located nearest to it. The mold for a processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the mold is smaller than R2 by 0.05 mm or more.
JP2002057589A 2002-03-04 2002-03-04 Bulge processing mold Expired - Fee Related JP4253457B2 (en)

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