JP4225641B2

JP4225641B2 - Turbine controller

Info

Publication number: JP4225641B2
Application number: JP23214399A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 均中村
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 1999-08-19
Filing date: 1999-08-19
Publication date: 2009-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2019-08-19
Also published as: JP2001059403A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、火力発電所や原子力発電所における蒸気タービンの蒸気流量を制御するタービン制御装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
火力発電所や原子力発電所における蒸気タービン制御には、蒸気タービンの蒸気供給系に供給される蒸気量を蒸気流量要求信号に応じて、蒸気タービンの蒸気供給系に並列に設けられた複数の弁を順次開閉制御することにより行われている。
【０００３】
図８に、火力発電所における蒸気タービン系統の構成を示す。
同図に示すように、蒸気発生器１が、主蒸気止め弁２、蒸気加減弁（ＣＶ）３を介して蒸気供給配管４によって、高圧タービン５の流入側に接続されている。
この高圧タービン５の軸端側には、タービン速度に比例した速度信号Ｓ２を検出するための速度検出器６が設置されている。
蒸気加減弁３は、高圧タービン５に対して並列に４弁（同図では便宜上１弁のみ示す）設けられており、これらの弁を第１弁から最終弁の順に開閉制御することにより、高圧タービン５に流入する蒸気の蒸気流量を制御するものである。
【０００４】
高圧タービン５の流出側には、高圧タービン５で仕事を終えた蒸気に熱を加えるための再熱器７、この再熱器７からの蒸気量を調整するための中間蒸気弁（ＩＶ）８が蒸気供給配管４によって低圧タービン９の流入側に接続されている。
低圧タービン９の流出側には、低圧タービン９で仕事を終えた蒸気を復水するための復水器１０が設けられており、この復水器１０で復水された水は、復水回収系にて回収される。
さらに、低圧タービン９の軸端には、発電機１０が直結されており、この発電機１０は、タービンで得た機械出力を電気エネルギーに変換して負荷１１に供給する。
【０００５】
次に、このような蒸気タービン系統の動作について説明する。
蒸気発生器１にて発生した蒸気は、タービン運転中は全開となっている主蒸気止め弁２を介して、蒸気加減弁３に入り、この蒸気加減弁３の開度により調整された蒸気量が高圧タービン５に流入する。
高圧タービン５で仕事を終えた蒸気は、再熱器７に入り、熱が加えられた後に、中間蒸気弁８に入り、この中間蒸気弁８で調整された蒸気量が低圧タービン９に流入する。
低圧タービン９で仕事を終えた蒸気は、復水器１０に排出されて復水系へ回収される。低圧タービン９の軸端に直結されている発電機１０は、低圧タービン９より得た機械力を電気エネルギーに変換して負荷１１に供給する。
【０００６】
次に、図９に上述のタービン系統における蒸気加減弁制御装置の構成を示す。
この蒸気加減弁制御装置は、図８に示した、高圧タービン５の蒸気供給系統に並列に設けられた蒸気加減弁３を制御するものである。
【０００７】
図９に示すように、タービン速度検出器６の出力側には、タービン基準速度設定器２１にて設定されたタービン基準速度Ｓ１からタービン速度検出器６にて検出されたタービン速度信号Ｓ２を差し引いて速度偏差信号Ｓ３を出力する加算器２２が設けられている。
この加算器２２の出力側には、ＣＶ開度を決定するＣＶ係数器２３が接続されている。このＣＶ係数器２３は、速度偏差信号Ｓ３に対してどの程度の割合でＣＶ開度調整するかを設定するものである。この調整は、ＣＶ速度調定率と呼ばれており、一般に速度偏差信号Ｓ３が定格タービン速度の約５％で弁開度を１００％変化させるように設定する。
そして、加算器２５は、運転員によって出力設定器２４に設定された出力設定値Ｐ１とＣＶ係数器２３からの出力信号ＣＶ０を加算してＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１として出力する。さらにＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１は、流量配分制御部２６に入力される。流量配分制御部２６は、ＣＶ流量指令に基づき各弁、ここでは弁３Ａから弁３Ｄまでの４弁の流量指令ＣＶ２Ａ，ＣＶ２Ｂ，ＣＶ２Ｃ，ＣＶ２Ｄを演算し、これを各々の流量開度変換器２７Ａ，２７Ｂ，２７Ｃ，２７Ｄへ出力する。ここで、弁３Ａないし弁３Ｄの制御は各々同様であるので、以下、弁３Ａについてのみ説明し、他は省略する。
【０００８】
弁３ＡのＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ａは、蒸気加減弁を流れる蒸気流量指令であり、タービン出力値と比例した値となっているが、蒸気加減弁開度と蒸気加減弁を流れる蒸気流量とは、蒸気加減弁の開度特性により比例していない。
つまり、タービン出力値及びＣＶ流量指令と蒸気加減弁の開度とは非線形の関係にある。そこで、流量配分制御部２６の出力側には、ＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ａに比例したＣＶ開度指令信号ＣＶ３Ａを出力する流量／開度変換器２７Ａが接続されている。
流量／開度変換器２７Ａには、ＣＶ開度指令信号ＣＶ３Ａ及び弁開度検出器２８Ａにて検出された蒸気加減弁３ＡのＣＶ実開度信号ＣＶ４Ａの偏差信号ＣＶ５Ａを出力する加算器２９Ａが接続されている。
【０００９】
加算器２９Ａの出力側には、偏差信号ＣＶ５Ａを比例増幅して信号ＣＶ６Ａとしてそれぞれ出力する増幅器３０Ａが接続されている。
増幅器３０Ａの出力側には、電気信号であるＣＶ６Ａを油圧信号ＣＶ７Ａとして出力する電気／油圧変換器３１Ａが接続されている。
電気／油圧変換器３１Ａは、電気信号が正極性の時は弁開に、負極性の時は弁閉とし、電気信号の大きさに比例して弁の開閉速度を変化させて油圧信号ＣＶ７Ａを出力するものである。
電気／油圧変換器３１Ａの出力側には、油圧信号ＣＶ７Ａを機械位置信号ＣＶ８Ａに変換して弁３Ａの開度を操作する弁操作器３２Ａがそれぞれ接続されている。
すなわち、上述の構成は、偏差信号ＣＶ５Ａ、ＣＶ６Ａが零となるような閉ループ制御となっている。
【００１０】
また、急閉検出器３３Ａの出力側には、急閉検出器３３Ａから出力される急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに変換して出力する急閉操作器３４Ａが接続されている。
急閉操作器３４Ａの出力側には、油圧急閉検出出力ＣＶ１０Ａに基づいて弁３ＡＤを急閉させる弁操作器３２Ａが接続されている。
【００１１】
次に、図１０及び図１１を用いて蒸気加減弁制御装置の動作について説明する。
タービン基準速度設定器２１にて設定されたタービン基準速度信号Ｓ１からタービン速度検出器６にて検出されたタービン速度信号Ｓ２を差し引いて得られる速度偏差信号Ｓ３は、ＣＶ係数器２３に入力される。
ＣＶ係数器２３は、速度偏差信号Ｓ３が定格タービン速度の約５％で弁開度が１００％変化するように設定して信号ＣＶ０を出力する。
【００１２】
そして、出力設定器２４からの出力値Ｐ１とＣＶ係数器２３からの出力信号ＣＶ０は、加算器２５で加算されてＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１として出力される。さらに、ＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１は流量配分制御部２６に入力される。図１０に示すよう、流量配分制御部２６には、蒸気加減弁３Ａ，蒸気加減弁３Ｂ，蒸気加減弁３Ｃ，蒸気加減弁３Ｄが順次開動作するような関数発生器２６Ａ，２６Ｂ，２６Ｃ，２６Ｄが設けられているため、各弁のＣＶ流量指令もＣＶ２Ａ，ＣＶ２Ｂ，ＣＶ２Ｃ，ＣＶ２Ｄの順に開指令が出力される。また、図１１に示すよう通常プラントでは定格出力の９５％までは蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃのみの開指令にて得られ、蒸気加減弁３Ｄがわずかに開（数％程度）することで９５％〜１００％の出力が得られるように蒸気加減弁の容量が設計されている。
【００１３】
ＣＶ開度指令ＣＶ３Ａ及び蒸気加減弁３Ａの弁開度検出器２８Ａで検出されたＣＶ実開度ＣＶ４Ａは加算器２９Ａに入力され、この両信号の偏差が偏差信号ＣＶ５Ａとして出力される。
この偏差信号ＣＶ５Ａは、増幅器３０Ａにて比例増幅された後に、信号ＣＶ６Ａとして出力され、電気／油圧変換器３１Ａに入力される。電気／油圧変換器３１Ａは、電気信号を油圧信号ＣＶ７Ａに変換して出力する。
この時、電気信号が正極性の時は弁開に、負極性の時は弁閉とし、電気信号の大きさに比例して弁の開閉速度を変化させて油圧信号ＣＶ７Ａを出力する。
この油圧信号ＣＶ７Ａは、弁操作器３２Ａにより機械位置信号ＣＶ８Ａに変換されて出力され、蒸気加減弁３Ａの開度を調整する。
また、蒸気加減弁３Ａを高速に全閉させる必要が生じた時には、急閉検出器３３Ａにより、急閉電気信号ＣＶ９Ａを出力して、急閉操作器３４Ａに内蔵されている電磁弁を励磁することにより蒸気加減弁３Ａを急速に全閉する。
【００１４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述の構成では、複数の弁を順次開閉制御しながらプラントに要求される所望の出力を得るために運転をしている際に、蒸気加減弁あるいは各蒸気加減弁の制御系に故障が発生した場合、所望の出力を得ることができなくなりプラント運転上支障が生ずる恐れがあった。
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、蒸気加減弁あるいは各蒸気加減弁の系統に故障が発生した場合であっても、故障した系統の弁に替えて最後に開かれる蒸気加減弁にて開度補償することができるタービン制御装置を提供することを目的とする。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために請求項１に係る発明によれば、タービンに供給される蒸気の蒸気流量を制御する制御系に設けられ、タービンの蒸気流入側に並列に設けられた複数の弁を蒸気流量要求信号に応じて各弁毎に順次開閉制御するため、タービンに流れるべき各弁の蒸気流量指令信号を出力する蒸気流量指令信号出力手段と、各弁の蒸気流量指令信号に基づいて各弁の開度指令信号を出力する開度指令信号出力手段と、各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、各弁の実際の開度を検出して開度信号を出力する開度信号出力手段と、各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、開度指令信号出力手段から出力された開度指令信号及び開度信号出力手段から出力された開度信号に基づいて各弁の開閉操作を行う弁開閉操作手段とを備えたタービン制御装置において、各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、開度信号出力手段から出力された開度信号及び開度指令信号出力手段から出力された開度指令信号を基に、各弁または各弁の制御系の異常を検出し、各弁毎の異常検出信号を蒸気流量指令信号出力手段に出力する異常検出手段と、各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、異常検出手段から出力された異常検出信号に基づいて各弁を閉じる弁閉手段とを設け、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、異常検出手段にて検出された弁を弁閉手段にて閉め、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償するようにしたことを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じるため、１つの弁に故障が発生しても、それに替えて最後に開かれる弁にて蒸気流量を補償することができる。
【００１６】
また、請求項２に係る発明によれば、請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、異常検出手段から出力された異常検出信号に基づいて各弁を閉じる弁閉手段とを設け、各弁の蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、蒸気流量を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量と同一にするように最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令信号を出力することにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償するようにしたことを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、さらに、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段の最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量と同一の出力とするため、１つの弁に故障が発生しても、それに替えて最後に開かれる弁にて蒸気流量を補償することができる。
【００１７】
また、請求項３に係る発明によれば、請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は各弁の異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を出力する関数発生手段の関数を異常が検出された弁の関数と同一の関数設定とするための新たな関数発生手段を設けることにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償することを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、さらに、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段内の関数発生手段により、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量と同一の出力にするため、１つの弁に故障が発生しても、それに替えて最後に開かれる弁にて蒸気流量を補償することができる。
【００１８】
また、請求項４に係る発明によれば、請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は各弁の異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量指令に切替える切替手段を設けることにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償することを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、さらに、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段内の切替え手段により、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量指令に切替えるため、１つの弁に故障が発生しても、それに替えて最後に開かれる弁にて蒸気流量を補償することができる。
【００１９】
また、請求項５に係る発明によれば、請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は各弁の異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令に異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量指令を加算する加算手段を設けることにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償することを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、さらに、蒸気流量指令信号出力手段内の加算手段により、第4弁の蒸気流量指令に異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量指令を加算するため、１つの弁に故障が発生しても、それに替えて最後に開かれる弁にて蒸気流量を補償することができる。
【００２０】
また、請求項６に係る発明によれば、請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、各弁の開度検出手段により検出させた開度信号を蒸気流量信号相当に変換する各弁の開度流量変換手段と、各弁の開度流量変換手段から出力される各弁の蒸気流量信号相当を加算する第１加算手段と、各弁の蒸気流量信号の総蒸気流量要求信号から第１加算手段から出力される蒸気流量信号相当信号の差を検出する第２加算手段と、各弁の蒸気流量指令信号出力手段から出力される最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令信号に第２加算手段からの信号を加算する第３加算手段を設け、第3加算手段への第2加算手段から出力される信号加算は、異常検出手段から出力された異常検出信号の動作時のみとすることを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、さらに、各弁の蒸気流量信号の総蒸気流量要求信号と各弁の実際に流れている合計流量との差を求め、この差を最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令に加算するため、故障弁系統は１弁に限らず最後に開かれる弁が最大開度となるまでは複数の弁に異常が発生した場合でも最後に開かれる弁にて不足流量を補償することができる。
【００２１】
また、請求項７に係る発明によれば、請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、各弁の開度手段により検出させた開度信号を蒸気流量信号相当に変換する各弁の開度流量変換手段と、各弁の開度流量変換手段から出力される各弁の蒸気流量信号相当を加算する第１加算手段と、各弁の蒸気流量信号の総蒸気流量要求信号から第１加算手段から出力される蒸気流量信号相当信号の差を検出する第２加算手段を設け、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令のみは蒸気流量指令信号出力手段からの出力に替えて第２加算手段から出力信号を使用して最後に開かれる弁を制御することを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき複数の弁を順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、さらに、各弁の蒸気流量信号の総蒸気流量要求信号と各弁の実際に流れている合計流量との差を求め、この差を最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令とするため、故障弁系統は１弁に限らず最後に開かれる弁が最大開度となるまでは複数の弁に異常が発生した場合でも最後に開かれる弁にて不足流量を補償することができる。
【００２２】
また、請求項８に係る発明によれば、請求項１ないし７のうちいずれか１記載のタービン制御装置において、タービンの蒸気流入側に並列に設けられた弁を４つとし、異常検出手段で第１弁から第３弁の異常を検出すると、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる第４弁で補償するようにしたことを特徴とする。
これにより、蒸気流量指令に基づき第１弁から第４弁まで順次開する蒸気加減弁のうち、異常検出信号により、異常が検出された弁を弁閉手段により閉じ、異常が検出された弁に替えて最後に開かれる第４弁にて蒸気流量を補償することができる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
図１に、本発明の第１の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置の構成を示す。なお、図９と同一部分には、同一符号を付してその説明は省略する。
図１に示す本実施の形態においては、蒸気加減弁３Ａの制御系には、弁開度検出器２８Ａより検出された蒸気加減弁３Ａの実際の開度を示す開度信号ＣＶ４Ａ及び弁３Ａに対する開度指令信号ＣＶ３Ａを基に、弁３Ａ又は弁３Ａの制御系に異常を検出すると異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａを急閉検出器３３Ａに出力する弁異常検出器３５Ａが設けられている。なお、蒸気加減弁３Ｂ，３Ｃ，３Ｄについても各々同様に設けられている。
ここで、蒸気加減弁３Ａを例にとれば、上記弁異常検出器３５Ａ，３５Ｂ，３５Ｃ，３５Ｄにおける異常の検出は、弁３Ａの実際の開度を示す開度信号ＣＶ４Ａ、すなわち、蒸気加減弁３Ａの開度が、蒸気加減弁３Ａに対する開度指令信号ＣＶ３Ａに追従して動作しなくなった場合に行われる。
弁異常検出器３５Ａの出力側には、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａに基づいて急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを出力する急閉検出器３３Ａが接続されている。
【００２４】
さらに、図２に示すように、流量配分制御器２６に、弁異常検出器３５Ａ，３５Ｂ，３５Ｃから出力される異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃ及び蒸気流量要求信号ＣＶ１に基づいて、異常が検出された弁系の流量配分関数２６Ａ又は２６Ｂ又は２６Ｃと同様の流量配分関数を蒸気加減弁３Ｄの流量配分関数器２６Ｄにセットする関数発生器２６Ｅを設ける。
図３に本実施の形態における関数発生器２６Ｅの入出力特性を示す。この関数発生器は異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａを入力すると流量配分関数２６Ａと同一の関数を流量配分関数器２６Ｄに、同様に異常検出信号Ｆ１Ｂを入力すると流量配分関数２６Ｂと同一の関数を流量配分関数器２６Ｄに、同様に異常検出信号Ｆ１Ｃを入力すると流量配分関数２６Ｃと同一の関数を流量配分関数器２６Ｄにセットする特性を有している。
【００２５】
次に、本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置の動作について説明する。
本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置は、プラント出力定格の９５％までは蒸気加減弁３Ａ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｂ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃが順次開制御して所望の蒸気流量を流している。
今、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合、弁異常検出器３５Ａから異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが出力される。
弁異常検出器３５Ａから出力された異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａは、急閉検出器３３Ａに入力され、急閉検出器３３Ａは急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを急閉操作器３４Ａに出力する。急閉操作器３４Ａは、急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに変換して弁操作器３２Ａに出力する。そして弁操作器３２Ａは油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに基づいて蒸気加減弁３Ａを全閉する。
【００２６】
さらに、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａは流量配分制御器２６に出力される。
流量配分制御器２６内の関数発生器２６Ｅは異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａの入力により流量配分関数２６Ａと同一の関数を流量配分関数器２６Ｄにセットし、流量配分関数器２６Ｄから出力する蒸気加減弁３Ｄを制御するＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄは故障の発生した蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御するＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ａと同一流量指令となる。
【００２７】
これにより、蒸気加減弁３Ｄは故障により弁開度が全閉となっている蒸気加減弁３Ａの必要とする開度を得ることができる。
以上、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合について説明したが、蒸気加減弁３Ｂ又は蒸気加減弁３Ｂを制御する弁系統及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃ又は蒸気加減弁３Ｃを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合にも同様の動作が行なわれる。
【００２８】
したがって、本実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置によれば、プラント出力定格の９５％までの運転範囲では、蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃあるいは蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合であっても、故障した系統の弁を除外して蒸気加減弁３Ｄにより開度補償を行なうことができる。このため、タービンの蒸気流量を確保することができ、その結果プラント出力を変えることなくプラント運転を継続することができる。
また、プラント出力９５％〜１００％で蒸気加減弁３Ｄが開の状態で運転していた時に、蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃが異常になった場合でも、タービン出力を５％減の９５％で継続することができタービン出力低下を最少に抑えることができる。
【００２９】
図４に、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置内の流量配分制御器２６の構成を示す。なお、流量配分制御器２６内の構成の他は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同様であり、図１と同一部分には、同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
図４に示す本実施の形態においては、流量配分制御器２６に弁異常検出器３５Ａ，３５Ｂ，３５Ｃから出力される異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃにより動作する切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１，Ｆ１ＢＳ１，Ｆ１ＣＳ１及びＦ１ＡＳ２，Ｆ１ＢＳ２，Ｆ１ＣＳ２新たにを設ける。
【００３０】
そして、蒸気加減弁３Ｄを制御するＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄを出力する回路は、通常、流量配分関数器２６Ｄからの信号が出力されているが、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが入力された際には切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１が閉及びＦ１ＡＳ２が開動作し、流量配分関数器２６Ｄからの信号は切離し、流量配分関数器２６Ａからの信号が出力される。同様に異常検出信号Ｆ１Ｂが入力された際には切替器Ｆ１ＢＳ１が閉及びＦ１ＢＳ２が開、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ｃが入力された際には切替器Ｆ１ＣＳ１が閉及びＦ１ＣＳ２が開動作し、流量配分関数器２６Ｄからの信号は切離し、流量配分関数器２６Ｂ又は２６Ｃからの信号が出力されるように構成する。
【００３１】
次に、本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置の動作について説明する。
本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置は、プラント出力定格の９５％までは蒸気加減弁３Ａ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｂ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃが順次開制御して所望の蒸気流量を流している。
【００３２】
今、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合、弁異常検出器３５Ａから異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが流量配分制御器２６に出力される。
流量配分制御器２６内では異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａの入力により正常時流量配分関数２６Ｄからの出力であったＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄは流量配分関数器２６Ａからの出力に切替えられ、故障の発生した蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御するのＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ａと同一と流量指令となる。
【００３３】
これにより、蒸気加減弁３Ｄは故障により弁開度が全閉となっている蒸気加減弁３Ａの本来必要とする開度を得ることができる。
以上、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合について説明したが、蒸気加減弁３Ｂ又は蒸気加減弁３Ｂを制御する弁系統及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃ又は蒸気加減弁３Ｃを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合にも同様の動作が行なわれる。
したがって、本実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置によれば、第１の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
【００３４】
図５に、本発明の第３の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置内の流量配分制御器２６の構成を示す。なお、流量配分制御器２６内の構成の他は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同様であり、図１と同一部分には、同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
図５に示す本実施の形態においては、流量配分制御器２６に弁異常検出器３５Ａ，３５Ｂ，３５Ｃから出力される異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃにより動作する切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１，Ｆ１ＢＳ１，Ｆ１ＣＳ１及び切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１を介した流量配分関数器２６Ａからの信号と、切替器Ｆ１ＢＳ１を介した流量配分関数器２６Ｂからの信号と、切替器Ｆ１ＣＳ１を介した流量配分関数器２６Ｃからの信号と、流量配分関数器２６Ｄからの信号を加算する加算器２６Ｆを新たにを設ける。
【００３５】
そして、蒸気加減弁３Ｄを制御するのＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄ１を出力する回路は通常、流量配分関数器２６ＤからのＣＶ２Ｄ信号と同一信号が出力されるようになっているため、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが入力された際には切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１が動作し、流量配分関数器２６ＤからのＣＶ２Ｄ信号に、流量配分関数器２６ＡからのＣＶ２Ａ信号が加算器２６Ｆにより加算されＣＶ２Ｄ１として出力される。同様に異常検出信号Ｆ１Ｂが入力された際には切替器Ｆ１ＢＳ１が、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ｃが入力された際には切替器Ｆ１ＣＳ１が動作し、流量配分関数器２６ＤからのＣＶ２Ｄ信号に、流量配分関数器２６Ｂ又は２６ＣからのＣＶ２Ｂ又はＣＶ２Ｃ信号が加算されＣＶ２Ｄ１信号として出力されるように構成する。
【００３６】
次に、本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置の動作について説明する。
蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合、弁異常検出器３５Ａから異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが流量配分制御器２６に出力される。
流量配分制御器２６内では異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａの入力により正常時流量配分関数２６Ｄからの出力のみであったＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄ１は、流量配分関数器２６ＡからのＣＶ２Ａ信号出力が加算され蒸気加減弁３Ｄの流量指令としてＣＶ２Ｄ１が出力される。
【００３７】
これにより、蒸気加減弁３Ｄは故障により弁開度が全閉となっている蒸気加減弁３Ａの本来必要とする開度を得ることができる。
以上、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合について説明したが、蒸気加減弁３Ｂ又は蒸気加減弁３Ｂを制御する弁系統及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃ又は蒸気加減弁３Ｃを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合にも同様の動作となる。
したがって、本実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置によれば、第１の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
【００３８】
図６に、本発明の第４の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置に新たに設けた流量演算部４００の構成図を示す。ここで、流量演算部は図１に示すタービン制御装置の流量配分制御部２６と流量／開度変換器２７Dの間に新たに設けたものであり、その他の構成は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同様であり、図１と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
図６に示す本実施の形態においては、弁開度検出器２８Ａ，２８Ｂ，２８Ｃから出力される開度信号ＣＶ４Ａ，開度信号ＣＶ４Ｂ，開度信号ＣＶ４Ｃから各弁を流れる蒸気流量信号相当を検出する開度流量変換器４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃと開度流量変換器４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃより出力された各弁の流量相当信号ＣＶ２０Ａ，ＣＶ２０Ｂ，ＣＶ２０Ｃを加算する加算器４１と、ＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１より加算器４１の出力信号ＣＶ２１の偏差信号を演算する加算器４２と、加算器４２より出力される流量偏差信号ＣＶ２２と流量配分制御器２６内の配分関数器２６ＤからのＣＶ２Ｄ信号とを加算する加算器４３と、弁異常検出器３５Ａ、３５Ｂ，３５Ｃから出力される異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃにより動作する切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１，Ｆ１ＢＳ１，Ｆ１ＣＳ１を、流量演算部４００として新たにを設けた構成とする。ここで、流量演算部４００は、流量配分制御器２６ＤからのＣＶ２Ｄ信号に対して，開度信号ＣＶ４Ａ，ＣＶ４Ｂ，ＣＶ４Ｃの値をもとに演算処理することによって，蒸気加減弁３Ｄの蒸気流量（不足分）を求めるものである。
【００３９】
次に、本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置の動作について説明する。
本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置は，プラント出力定格の９５％までは蒸気加減弁３Ａ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｂ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃが順次開制御して所望の蒸気流量を流している。
【００４０】
今、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合、弁異常検出器３５Ａから異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが出力される。
弁異常検出器３５Ａから出力された異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａは，急閉検出器３３Ａに入力され、急閉検出器３３Ａは急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを急閉操作器３４Ａに出力する。急閉操作器３４Ａは、急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに変換して弁操作器３２Ａに出力する。そして弁操作器３２Ａは油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに基づいて蒸気加減弁３Ａを全閉する。
【００４１】
さらに、今回新たに設けられた流量演算部４００により、開度流量変換器４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃにより各弁を流れる蒸気流量信号相当を検出し開度流量変換器４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃより出力された各弁の流量相当信号ＣＶ２０Ａ，ＣＶ２０Ｂ，ＣＶ２０Ｃを加算器４１により加算することにより第１弁から第３弁で流れている合計の総蒸気流量相当の信号が検出できる。さらに加算器４１によりＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１と第1弁から第3弁の総蒸気流量相当信号ＣＶ２１との偏差を演算することにより蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ，３Ｄで流すべき所望の蒸気流量に対する不足分が求められる。
【００４２】
さらに、不足分の蒸気流量信号ＣＶ２２を弁異常検出器３５Ａ，３５Ｂ，３５Ｃから出力される異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃにより動作する切替器Ｆ１ＡＳ１，Ｆ１ＢＳ１，Ｆ１ＣＳ１を介して加算器４３に入力し蒸気加減弁３ＤのＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄに加算され、ＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２３として流量開度変換器２７Ｄに入力される。これにより所望の蒸気流量に対する不足分を蒸気加減弁３Ｄにて補償することができる。
【００４３】
したがって、本実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置によれば、プラント出力定格の９５％までの運転範囲では、蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ或いは蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合であっても、故障した系統の弁を除外して蒸気加減弁３Ｄにより補償することができるので、タービンの蒸気流量を確保することができ、その結果プラント出力を変えることなくプラント運転を継続することができる。
さらに、上記説明ではプラント出力が定格の９５％までで説明したが、本実施の形態によればこのプラント出力を超えたり、また故障弁系統が複数あった場合にも、蒸気加減弁３Ｄの弁開度が最大開度となるまでは補償できることになる。
【００４４】
図７に、本発明の第５の実施の形態に係る流量配分制御器の構成を示す。なお、流量配分制御器２６内の構成の他は、図１に示す第１の実施の形態と同様であり、図１と同一部分には、同一符号を付してその説明を省略する。
図７に示す本実施の形態においては、流量配分制御器２６に異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃの入力により動作するＣＶ流量指令回路４１０を新たに設ける。このＣＶ流量指令回路４１０は、弁開度検出器２８Ａ，２８Ｂ，２８Ｃから出力される開度信号ＣＶ４Ａ，ＣＶ４Ｂ，ＣＶ４Ｃから各弁を流れる蒸気流量信号相当を検出する開度流量変換器４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃと開度流量変換器４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃより出力された各弁の流量相当信号ＣＶ２０Ａ，ＣＶ２０Ｂ，ＣＶ２０Ｃを加算する加算器５１と、ＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１より加算器５１の出力信号ＣＶ３１の偏差信号を演算する加算器５２から構成される。
【００４５】
そして、蒸気加減弁３Ｄを制御するＣＶ流量指令として、通常、流量配分関数器２６Ｄからの信号ＣＶ２Ｄが出力されるが、異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａ，Ｆ１Ｂ，Ｆ１Ｃが入力されたときは、ＣＶ流量指令回路４１０が動作し、信号ＣＶ２Ｄに替えて信号ＣＶ３２を出力するように構成する。
【００４６】
次に、本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置の動作について説明する。
本実施の形態の蒸気タービン制御装置は、蒸気加減弁３Ａ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｂ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃを順次開制御して所望の蒸気流量を流している。
今、蒸気加減弁３Ａ又は蒸気加減弁３Ａを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合、弁異常検出器３５Ａから異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａが出力される。
弁異常検出器３５Ａから出力された異常検出信号Ｆ１Ａは、急閉検出器３４Ａに入力され、急閉検出器３３Ａは急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを急閉操作器３３Ａに出力する。急閉操作器３４Ａは、急閉検出信号ＣＶ９Ａを油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに変換して弁操作器３２Ａに出力する。そして弁操作器３２Ａは油圧急閉検出信号ＣＶ１０Ａに基づいて蒸気加減弁３Ａを全閉する。
【００４７】
さらに、新たに設けた、蒸気加減弁３Ｄの開度を決めるＣＶ流量指令回路４１０により、開度流量変換器４０Ａ、４０Ｂ、４０Ｃにより第１弁から第３弁を流れる蒸気流量信号相当を検出し開度流量変換器４０Ａ、４０Ｂ、４０Ｃより出力された第１弁から第３弁の流量相当信号ＣＶ２０Ａ、ＣＶ２０Ｂ、ＣＶ２０Ｃを加算器５１により加算することにより第１弁から第３弁で流れている蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃの合計の総蒸気流量相当の信号が検出できる。さらに加算器５１によりＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ１と蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃの合計総蒸気流量相当信号ＣＶ３１との偏差を演算することにより蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃで流すべき所望の蒸気流量に対する不足分が求められる。
【００４８】
さらに、図１の流量配分関数器２６Ｄをやめ、流量配分関数器２６Ｄで求められたＣＶ流量指令ＣＶ２Ｄに変えて、加算器５２で求められた出力信号ＣＶ３２を、蒸気加減弁３ＤのＣＶ流量指令にすることにより、所望の蒸気流量に対する蒸気加減弁３Ａ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｂ及び蒸気加減弁３Ｃで得られる蒸気流量の不足分を蒸気加減弁３Ｄにて得ることができる。
言い替えれば蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃの各弁にて本来得るべき蒸気流量が不足分を蒸気加減弁３Ｄにて得ることができる。
【００４９】
本実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置によれば、蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ或いは蒸気加減弁３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃを制御する弁系統に故障が発生した場合であっても、故障した系統の弁を除外して蒸気加減弁３Ｄによりの蒸気加減弁３Ｄの弁開度が最大開度となるまでは補償することができるので、所望のタービンの蒸気流量を確保することができ、その結果プラント出力を変えることなくプラント運転を継続することができる。
【００５０】
なお、上述の実施の形態においては、蒸気加減弁が４つの場合について説明しているが、任意の複数の蒸気加減弁の場合にも同様に適用することができる。また、弁閉手段としては、たとえば、弁を急速に閉じる場合を考慮し、急閉検出器や急閉操作器を用いたが、これに限るものではない。
【００５１】
【発明の効果】
請求項１ないし請求項８に係る発明によれば、最後に開かれる弁の制御を必要としないプラント出力定格の９５％以下の範囲では、１つの弁に故障が発生した場合にもタービン出力を変えることなくプラントの運転を継続させることができる。
さらに、請求項６または請求項７の構成によれば、各々に記載の手段によりプラント出力が定格の９５％を超えたり、また複数の弁系統に異常が発生した場合にも、最後に開かれる弁が最大開度となるまではこの最後に開かれる弁で不足流量を補償できるため、タービン出力を変えることなくプラントの運転を継続させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置の構成図
【図２】本発明の第１の実施の形態における流量配分制御部の内部構成図
【図３】本発明の第１の実施の形態の流量配分制御部内における関数発生器の入出力特性図
【図４】本発明の第２の実施の形態における流量配分制御部の内部構成図
【図５】本発明の第３の実施の形態における流量配分制御部の内部構成図
【図６】本発明の第４の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置の構成を示す図
【図７】本発明の第５の実施の形態に係るタービン制御装置の構成図
【図８】従来の火力発電所における蒸気タービン系統の構成図
【図９】従来の蒸気加減弁制御装置の構成図
【図１０】従来の蒸気加減弁制御装置における流量配分制御部の内部構成図
【図１１】従来の流量配分制御部内における関数発生器の入出力特性図
【符号の説明】
１…蒸気発生器、２…主蒸気止め弁、３，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ，３Ｄ…蒸気加減弁、４…蒸気供給配管、５…高圧タービン、６…速度検出器、７…再熱器、８…中間蒸気弁、９…低圧タービン、１０…復水器、１１…負荷、２１…タービン基準速度設定器、２２…加算器、２３…ＣＶ係数器、２４…出力設定器、２５…加算器、２６…流量配分制御部、２６Ａ，２６Ｂ，２６Ｃ，２６Ｄ…流量配分関数器、２６E…関数発生器、２６Ｆ…加算器、２７Ａ，２７Ｂ，２７Ｃ，２７Ｄ…流量／開度変換器、２８Ａ，２８Ｂ，２８Ｃ，２８Ｄ…弁開度検出器、２９Ａ，２９Ｂ，２９Ｃ，２９Ｄ…加算器，３０Ａ，３０Ｂ，３０Ｃ，３０Ｄ…増幅器、３１Ａ，３１Ｂ，３１Ｃ，３１Ｄ…電気／油圧変換器、３２Ａ，３２Ｂ，３２Ｃ，３２Ｄ…弁操作器、３３Ａ，３３Ｂ，３３Ｃ，３３Ｄ…急閉検出器、３４Ａ，３４Ｂ，３４Ｃ，３４Ｄ…急閉操作器、３５Ａ，３５Ｂ，３５Ｃ，３５Ｄ…弁異常検出器、４０Ａ，４０Ｂ，４０Ｃ…開度／流量変換器、４１，４２，４３…加算器、Ｆ１ＡＳ１，Ｆ１ＡＳ２，Ｆ１ＢＳ１，Ｆ１ＢＳ２，Ｆ１ＣＳ１，Ｆ１ＣＳ２…切替器、４００…流量演算部、４１０…ＣＶ流量指令回路[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a turbine control device that controls a steam flow rate of a steam turbine in a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For steam turbine control in thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, the amount of steam supplied to the steam supply system of the steam turbine is determined by a plurality of valves provided in parallel with the steam supply system of the steam turbine according to the steam flow request signal. Are sequentially controlled by opening and closing.
[0003]
FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the steam turbine system in the thermal power plant.
As shown in the figure, a steam generator 1 is connected to an inflow side of a high-pressure turbine 5 by a steam supply pipe 4 through a main steam stop valve 2 and a steam control valve (CV) 3.
A speed detector 6 for detecting a speed signal S2 proportional to the turbine speed is installed on the shaft end side of the high-pressure turbine 5.
The steam control valve 3 is provided with four valves (only one valve is shown for convenience in the figure) in parallel with the high-pressure turbine 5, and these valves are controlled to open and close in order from the first valve to the final valve. The steam flow rate of the steam flowing into the turbine 5 is controlled.
[0004]
On the outflow side of the high-pressure turbine 5, there are a reheater 7 for adding heat to the steam finished work in the high-pressure turbine 5, and an intermediate steam valve (IV) 8 for adjusting the amount of steam from the reheater 7. Is connected to the inflow side of the low-pressure turbine 9 by the steam supply pipe 4.
On the outflow side of the low-pressure turbine 9, a condenser 10 for condensing steam that has finished work in the low-pressure turbine 9 is provided, and the water condensed in the condenser 10 is recovered from the condensate. Collected in the system.
Furthermore, a generator 10 is directly connected to the shaft end of the low-pressure turbine 9, and the generator 10 converts the mechanical output obtained by the turbine into electric energy and supplies it to the load 11.
[0005]
Next, the operation of such a steam turbine system will be described.
The steam generated in the steam generator 1 enters the steam control valve 3 through the main steam stop valve 2 that is fully open during turbine operation, and the amount of steam adjusted by the opening of the steam control valve 3. Flows into the high-pressure turbine 5.
The steam that has finished work in the high-pressure turbine 5 enters the reheater 7, and after heat is added, enters the intermediate steam valve 8, and the amount of steam adjusted by the intermediate steam valve 8 flows into the low-pressure turbine 9. .
The steam that has finished its work in the low-pressure turbine 9 is discharged to the condenser 10 and recovered into the condensate system. The generator 10 directly connected to the shaft end of the low-pressure turbine 9 converts the mechanical force obtained from the low-pressure turbine 9 into electric energy and supplies it to the load 11.
[0006]
Next, FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the steam control valve control device in the turbine system described above.
This steam control valve control device is a steam control valve provided in parallel with the steam supply system of the high-pressure turbine 5 shown in FIG. 3 Is to control.
[0007]
As shown in FIG. 9, on the output side of the turbine speed detector 6, the turbine speed signal S 2 detected by the turbine speed detector 6 is subtracted from the turbine reference speed S 1 set by the turbine reference speed setter 21. An adder 22 for outputting the speed deviation signal S3 is provided.
A CV coefficient unit 23 that determines the CV opening degree is connected to the output side of the adder 22. The CV coefficient unit 23 sets how much the CV opening degree is adjusted with respect to the speed deviation signal S3. This adjustment is called a CV speed adjustment rate, and is generally set so that the speed deviation signal S3 changes the valve opening degree by 100% at about 5% of the rated turbine speed.
The adder 25 adds the output set value P1 set in the output setter 24 by the operator and the output signal CV0 from the CV coefficient unit 23, and outputs the result as a CV flow rate command CV1. Further, the CV flow rate command CV 1 is input to the flow rate distribution control unit 26. The flow distribution control unit 26 calculates flow commands CV2A, CV2B, CV2C, and CV2D of each valve, here, from the valve 3A to the valve 3D, based on the CV flow command, and outputs the flow commands 27A to 27A. , 27B, 27C, 27D. Here, since the control of the valves 3A to 3D is the same, only the valve 3A will be described below, and the others will be omitted.
[0008]
The CV flow command CV2A of the valve 3A is a steam flow command that flows through the steam control valve, and is a value proportional to the turbine output value. The steam control valve opening and the steam flow through the steam control valve are It is not proportional due to the opening characteristics of the adjusting valve.
That is, the turbine output value and the CV flow rate command and the opening of the steam control valve are in a non-linear relationship. Therefore, a flow rate / opening degree converter 27A that outputs a CV opening degree command signal CV3A proportional to the CV flow rate instruction CV2A is connected to the output side of the flow rate distribution control unit 26.
The flow rate / opening converter 27A includes an adder 29A that outputs a deviation signal CV5A of the CV actual opening signal CV4A of the steam control valve 3A detected by the CV opening command signal CV3A and the valve opening detector 28A. It is connected.
[0009]
An amplifier 30A that proportionally amplifies the deviation signal CV5A and outputs it as a signal CV6A is connected to the output side of the adder 29A.
Connected to the output side of the amplifier 30A is an electric / hydraulic converter 31A that outputs the electric signal CV6A as a hydraulic signal CV7A.
The electrical / hydraulic converter 31A opens the valve when the electrical signal is positive, and closes the valve when the electrical signal is negative, and changes the opening / closing speed of the valve in proportion to the magnitude of the electrical signal to generate the hydraulic signal CV7A. Output.
Connected to the output side of the electric / hydraulic converter 31A are valve actuators 32A for converting the hydraulic signal CV7A into the mechanical position signal CV8A and operating the opening of the valve 3A.
That is, the above-described configuration is a closed loop control in which the deviation signals CV5A and CV6A are zero.
[0010]
Further, the output side of the sudden closing detector 33A is connected to a sudden closing operation unit 34A that converts the sudden closing detection signal CV9A output from the sudden closing detector 33A into a hydraulic sudden closing detection signal CV10A and outputs it. .
A valve operator 32A for suddenly closing the valve 3AD based on the hydraulic rapid-closing detection output CV10A is connected to the output side of the quick-close operator 34A.
[0011]
Next, operation | movement of a steam control valve control apparatus is demonstrated using FIG.10 and FIG.11.
A speed deviation signal S3 obtained by subtracting the turbine speed signal S2 detected by the turbine speed detector 6 from the turbine reference speed signal S1 set by the turbine reference speed setter 21 is input to the CV coefficient unit 23. .
The CV coefficient unit 23 sets the speed deviation signal S3 to be about 5% of the rated turbine speed and changes the valve opening degree by 100%, and outputs a signal CV0.
[0012]
The output value P1 from the output setting unit 24 and the output signal CV0 from the CV coefficient unit 23 are added by the adder 25 and output as a CV flow rate command CV1. Further, the CV flow command CV 1 is input to the flow distribution control unit 26. As shown in FIG. 10, the flow rate distribution control unit 26 includes function generators 26A, 26B, 26C, and 26D that sequentially open the steam control valve 3A, the steam control valve 3B, the steam control valve 3C, and the steam control valve 3D. Are provided, the CV flow command for each valve is also output in the order of CV2A, CV2B, CV2C, CV2D. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, up to 95% of the rated output in a normal plant can be obtained by opening the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C only, and the steam control valve 3D is slightly opened (about several percent). The capacity of the steam control valve is designed so that an output of 95% to 100% can be obtained.
[0013]
The CV opening command CV3A and the CV actual opening CV4A detected by the valve opening detector 28A of the steam control valve 3A are input to the adder 29A, and the deviation between these signals is output as a deviation signal CV5A.
The deviation signal CV5A is proportionally amplified by the amplifier 30A, then output as a signal CV6A, and input to the electric / hydraulic converter 31A. The electric / hydraulic converter 31A converts the electric signal into a hydraulic signal CV7A and outputs it.
At this time, when the electrical signal is positive, the valve is opened, and when the electrical signal is negative, the valve is closed, and the hydraulic pressure signal CV7A is output by changing the opening / closing speed of the valve in proportion to the magnitude of the electrical signal.
The hydraulic pressure signal CV7A is converted into a mechanical position signal CV8A by the valve operating device 32A and output to adjust the opening of the steam control valve 3A.
Further, when it becomes necessary to fully close the steam control valve 3A at high speed, the sudden closing detector 33A outputs the sudden closing electric signal CV9A to excite the electromagnetic valve built in the sudden closing operator 34A. As a result, the steam control valve 3A is rapidly fully closed.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described configuration, when the operation is performed to obtain a desired output required for the plant while sequentially opening and closing a plurality of valves, the steam control valve or the control system of each steam control valve has failed. If it occurs, there is a possibility that a desired output cannot be obtained and troubles occur in plant operation.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and even when a failure occurs in the steam control valve or the system of each steam control valve, the steam control valve that is opened last in place of the valve of the failed system is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a turbine control device that can compensate for opening by a valve.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of valves provided in a control system for controlling the steam flow rate of steam supplied to the turbine and provided in parallel on the steam inflow side of the turbine are provided. In order to sequentially control the opening and closing of each valve according to the steam flow request signal, the steam flow command signal output means for outputting the steam flow command signal of each valve that should flow to the turbine, and each based on the steam flow command signal of each valve An opening command signal output means for outputting an opening command signal for the valve, and an opening signal output means for detecting an actual opening of each valve and outputting an opening signal provided in each valve control system; Opening / closing operation of each valve based on the opening degree command signal output from the opening degree command signal output means and the opening degree signal output from the opening degree signal output means provided in the control system of each valve Turbine control device having operating means In the control system of each valve, each valve or each valve is controlled based on the opening signal output from the opening signal output means and the opening command signal output from the opening command signal output means. An abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality in the control system and outputting an abnormality detection signal for each valve to the steam flow rate command signal output means, and an abnormality detection signal provided from the abnormality detection means provided in each valve control system Valve closing means for closing each valve based on Steamed Based on the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means, the air flow command signal output means closes the valve detected by the abnormality detection means by the valve closing means, and compensates the steam flow rate of the valve with the valve that is opened last. It is characterized by doing so.
Accordingly, among the steam control valves that sequentially open the plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, so that even if a failure occurs in one valve, Instead, the steam flow rate can be compensated by a valve that is opened last.
[0016]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the turbine control device according to the first aspect, the valve is provided in each valve control system and closes each valve based on the abnormality detection signal output from the abnormality detection means. And a steam flow rate command signal output means for each valve is finally opened based on the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means so that the steam flow rate is the same as the steam flow rate of the valve where the abnormality is detected. By outputting a steam flow rate command signal of the valve, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the valve that is opened last.
As a result, among the steam control valves that sequentially open a plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and further opened at the end of the steam flow command signal output means. In order to make the steam flow command of the valve to be the same output as the steam flow of the valve where the abnormality is detected, even if one valve fails, the steam flow is compensated by the valve that is opened last instead be able to.
[0017]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the turbine control device according to the first aspect, the steam flow rate command signal output means is configured to detect the last valve to be opened based on the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means of each valve. By providing new function generating means for setting the function of the function generating means for outputting the steam flow rate command to the same function setting as the function of the valve in which the abnormality is detected, the valve that opens the steam flow of the valve last is provided. It is characterized by compensating by.
As a result, among the steam control valves that sequentially open a plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and further, the function generation in the steam flow command signal output means is generated. In order to make the steam flow command of the valve that is opened last the same output as the steam flow of the valve in which an abnormality is detected, even if a failure occurs in one valve, the valve that is opened last is replaced. The steam flow rate can be compensated.
[0018]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the turbine control device according to the first aspect, the steam flow rate command signal output means is configured such that the last opened valve is based on the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means of each valve. By providing a switching means for switching the steam flow rate command to the steam flow rate command of the valve in which an abnormality is detected, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the valve that is opened last.
Thus, among the steam control valves that sequentially open the plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and further, the switching means in the steam flow command signal output means Therefore, the steam flow command of the valve that is opened last is switched to the steam flow command of the valve in which an abnormality has been detected. Can be compensated.
[0019]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the turbine control device according to the first aspect, the steam flow rate command signal output means is configured to detect the last valve to be opened based on the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means of each valve. By providing an adding means for adding the steam flow rate command of the valve in which an abnormality is detected to the steam flow rate command, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the last opened valve.
Thereby, among the steam control valves that sequentially open the plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and the addition means in the steam flow command signal output means is further provided. To add the steam flow command of the valve where the abnormality was detected to the steam flow command of the 4th valve, even if a failure occurs in one valve, the steam flow is compensated by the valve that is opened last instead can do.
[0020]
According to the invention according to claim 6, in the turbine control device according to claim 1, the opening degree flow rate of each valve for converting the opening degree signal detected by the opening degree detecting means of each valve into the steam flow rate signal equivalent. From the conversion means, the first addition means for adding the steam flow signal equivalent of each valve outputted from the opening flow rate conversion means of each valve, and the first addition means from the total steam flow request signal of the steam flow signal of each valve A signal from the second addition means is added to the second addition means for detecting the difference between the output signals corresponding to the steam flow signal and the steam flow command signal of the valve to be opened lastly outputted from the steam flow instruction signal output means of each valve. The third addition means for adding is provided, and the signal added from the second addition means to the third addition means is added only during operation of the abnormality detection signal output from the abnormality detection means.
As a result, among the steam control valves that sequentially open the plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and the total steam flow of the steam flow signal of each valve is further closed. In order to calculate the difference between the request signal and the total flow of each valve and add this difference to the steam flow command of the valve that is opened last, the failure valve system is not limited to one valve, but the valve that is opened last. Until the maximum opening is reached, even if an abnormality occurs in a plurality of valves, the insufficient flow rate can be compensated by the valve that is opened last.
[0021]
According to the invention of claim 7, in the turbine control device of claim 1, the opening degree flow rate conversion of each valve for converting the opening degree signal detected by the opening degree means of each valve into the steam flow rate signal equivalent. Output from the first addition means from the total steam flow request signal of the steam flow signal of each valve, the first addition means for adding the steam flow signal equivalent of each valve output from the opening flow rate conversion means of each valve The second addition means for detecting the difference between the signals corresponding to the steam flow signal to be performed is provided, and only the steam flow command of the valve to be opened last is output from the second addition means instead of the output from the steam flow command signal output means. Used to control the last opened valve.
As a result, among the steam control valves that sequentially open the plurality of valves based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and the total steam flow of the steam flow signal of each valve is further closed. In order to obtain the difference between the request signal and the total flow that is actually flowing through each valve, and to use this difference as the steam flow command for the valve that is opened last, the failure valve system is not limited to one valve but the valve that is opened last. Until the maximum opening is reached, even if an abnormality occurs in a plurality of valves, the insufficient flow rate can be compensated by the valve that is opened last.
[0022]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the turbine control device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, there are four valves provided in parallel on the steam inflow side of the turbine, and the abnormality detecting means When abnormality of the third valve is detected from the first valve, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the fourth valve that is opened last.
As a result, among the steam control valves that are sequentially opened from the first valve to the fourth valve based on the steam flow command, the valve in which the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detection signal is closed by the valve closing means, and the valve in which the abnormality is detected is detected. Instead, the steam flow rate can be compensated by the fourth valve that is opened last.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the turbine control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the control system for the steam control valve 3A includes an opening signal CV4A indicating the actual opening of the steam control valve 3A detected by the valve opening detector 28A and the valve 3A. Based on the opening command signal CV3A, there is provided a valve abnormality detector 35A that outputs an abnormality detection signal F1A to the rapid closing detector 33A when an abnormality is detected in the valve 3A or the control system of the valve 3A. The steam control valves 3B, 3C, 3D are also provided in the same manner.
Here, taking the steam control valve 3A as an example, the detection of the abnormality in the valve abnormality detectors 35A, 35B, 35C, 35D is an opening signal CV4A indicating the actual opening of the valve 3A, that is, the steam control valve. This is performed when the opening of 3A stops following the opening command signal CV3A for the steam control valve 3A.
A sudden closing detector 33A that outputs a sudden closing detection signal CV9A based on the abnormality detection signal F1A is connected to the output side of the valve abnormality detector 35A.
[0024]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow distribution controller 26 detects an abnormality based on the abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, F1C output from the valve abnormality detectors 35A, 35B, 35C and the steam flow rate request signal CV1. A function generator 26E is provided for setting a flow rate distribution function similar to the flow rate distribution function 26A, 26B or 26C of the valve system to the flow rate distribution function unit 26D of the steam control valve 3D.
FIG. 3 shows input / output characteristics of the function generator 26E in the present embodiment. This function generator inputs the same function as the flow distribution function 26A to the flow distribution function unit 26D when the abnormality detection signal F1A is input, and similarly, the same function as the flow distribution function 26B is input to the flow distribution function unit 26D when the abnormality detection signal F1B is input. Similarly, when the abnormality detection signal F1C is input to 26D, the same function as the flow distribution function 26C is set in the flow distribution function unit 26D.
[0025]
Next, operation | movement of the steam turbine control apparatus of this Embodiment is demonstrated.
In the steam turbine control device of the present embodiment, the steam control valve 3A, the steam control valve 3B, and the steam control valve 3C are sequentially controlled to open a desired steam flow rate up to 95% of the plant output rating.
If a failure occurs in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A, an abnormality detection signal F1A is output from the valve abnormality detector 35A.
The abnormality detection signal F1A output from the valve abnormality detector 35A is input to the sudden closing detector 33A, and the sudden closing detector 33A outputs the sudden closing detection signal CV9A to the rapid closing operator 34A. The rapid closing operator 34A converts the rapid closing detection signal CV9A into a hydraulic rapid closing detection signal CV10A and outputs it to the valve operating unit 32A. Then, the valve operator 32A fully closes the steam control valve 3A based on the hydraulic rapid closing detection signal CV10A.
[0026]
Further, the abnormality detection signal F1A is output to the flow rate distribution controller 26.
The function generator 26E in the flow rate distribution controller 26 sets the same function as the flow rate distribution function 26A in the flow rate distribution function unit 26D by the input of the abnormality detection signal F1A, and sets the steam control valve 3D output from the flow rate distribution function unit 26D. The CV flow rate command CV2D to be controlled is the same flow rate command as the CV flow rate command CV2A that controls the steam control valve 3A in which the failure has occurred.
[0027]
Thereby, the steam control valve 3D can obtain the opening required by the steam control valve 3A whose valve opening is fully closed due to a failure.
The case where a failure has occurred in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A has been described above, but the valve control system that controls the steam control valve 3B or the steam control valve 3B and the steam control valve 3C or the steam control valve The same operation is performed when a failure occurs in the valve system that controls 3C.
[0028]
Therefore, according to the turbine control device according to the present embodiment, in the operating range up to 95% of the plant output rating, the valve control system for controlling the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C or the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C. Even when a failure occurs, the opening degree compensation can be performed by the steam control valve 3D, excluding the valves of the failed system. For this reason, the steam flow rate of the turbine can be secured, and as a result, the plant operation can be continued without changing the plant output.
Further, when the steam control valve 3D is operating with the plant output 95% to 100% open, even if the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C become abnormal, the turbine output is reduced by 5% to 95%. The turbine output can be kept to a minimum.
[0029]
FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the flow rate distribution controller 26 in the turbine control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The configuration other than the configuration in the flow distribution controller 26 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same parts as those in FIG.
In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the switches F1AS1, F1BS1, F1CS1 and F1AS2 operated by the abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, F1C output from the valve abnormality detectors 35A, 35B, 35C to the flow distribution controller 26. , F1BS2, F1CS2 are newly provided.
[0030]
The circuit that outputs the CV flow command CV2D that controls the steam control valve 3D normally outputs a signal from the flow distribution function unit 26D, but when the abnormality detection signal F1A is input, the switch F1AS1. Is closed and F1AS2 is opened, the signal from the flow distribution function unit 26D is disconnected, and the signal from the flow distribution function unit 26A is output. Similarly, when the abnormality detection signal F1B is input, the switching unit F1BS1 is closed and F1BS2 is opened, and when the abnormality detection signal F1C is input, the switching unit F1CS1 is closed and F1CS2 is opened, and the flow distribution function unit The signal from 26D is disconnected and the signal from the flow distribution function unit 26B or 26C is output.
[0031]
Next, operation | movement of the steam turbine control apparatus of this Embodiment is demonstrated.
In the steam turbine control device of the present embodiment, the steam control valve 3A, the steam control valve 3B, and the steam control valve 3C are sequentially controlled to open a desired steam flow rate up to 95% of the plant output rating.
[0032]
If a failure occurs in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A, an abnormality detection signal F1A is output from the valve abnormality detector 35A to the flow rate distribution controller 26.
In the flow rate distribution controller 26, the CV flow rate command CV2D, which is the output from the normal flow rate distribution function 26D, is switched to the output from the flow rate distribution function unit 26A by the input of the abnormality detection signal F1A, and the steam control valve in which a failure has occurred. The flow rate command is the same as the CV flow rate command CV2A for controlling 3A.
[0033]
Thereby, the steam control valve 3D can obtain the opening degree originally required for the steam control valve 3A whose valve opening degree is fully closed due to a failure.
The case where a failure has occurred in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A has been described above, but the valve control system that controls the steam control valve 3B or the steam control valve 3B and the steam control valve 3C or the steam control valve The same operation is performed when a failure occurs in the valve system that controls 3C.
Therefore, according to the turbine control device according to the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0034]
FIG. 5 shows a configuration of the flow rate distribution controller 26 in the turbine control device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The configuration other than the configuration in the flow distribution controller 26 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same parts as those in FIG.
In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the switches F1AS1, F1BS1, F1CS1 operated by the abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, F1C output from the valve abnormality detectors 35A, 35B, 35C to the flow distribution controller 26 and the switching are provided. A signal from the flow distribution function unit 26A through the switch F1AS1, a signal from the flow distribution function unit 26B through the switch F1BS1, a signal from the flow distribution function unit 26C through the switch F1CS1, and a flow distribution function An adder 26F for adding the signals from the adder 26D is newly provided.
[0035]
The circuit that outputs the CV flow command CV2D1 for controlling the steam control valve 3D normally outputs the same signal as the CV2D signal from the flow distribution function unit 26D, and therefore the abnormality detection signal F1A is input. When this occurs, the switch F1AS1 operates, and the CV2A signal from the flow distribution function unit 26A is added to the CV2D signal from the flow distribution function unit 26D by the adder 26F, and is output as CV2D1. Similarly, when the abnormality detection signal F1B is input, the switch F1BS1 operates. When the abnormality detection signal F1C is input, the switch F1CS1 operates, and the CV2D signal from the flow distribution function unit 26D is converted into the flow distribution function. The CV2B or CV2C signal from the device 26B or 26C is added and output as a CV2D1 signal.
[0036]
Next, operation | movement of the steam turbine control apparatus of this Embodiment is demonstrated.
When a failure occurs in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A, the abnormality detection signal F1A is output from the valve abnormality detector 35A to the flow rate distribution controller 26.
The CV flow command CV2D1, which was only output from the normal flow distribution function 26D by the input of the abnormality detection signal F1A in the flow distribution controller 26, is added with the CV2A signal output from the flow distribution function unit 26A, and the steam control valve 3D. CV2D1 is output as the flow rate command.
[0037]
Thereby, the steam control valve 3D can obtain the opening degree originally required for the steam control valve 3A whose valve opening degree is fully closed due to a failure.
The case where a failure has occurred in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A has been described above, but the valve control system that controls the steam control valve 3B or the steam control valve 3B and the steam control valve 3C or the steam control valve The same operation is performed when a failure occurs in the valve system that controls 3C.
Therefore, according to the turbine control device according to the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0038]
FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of a flow rate calculation unit 400 newly provided in the turbine control apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Here, the flow rate calculation unit is newly provided between the flow rate distribution control unit 26 and the flow rate / opening degree converter 27D of the turbine control device shown in FIG. 1, and other configurations are the first configuration shown in FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the equivalent of the steam flow signal flowing through each valve is detected from the opening signal CV4A, the opening signal CV4B, and the opening signal CV4C output from the valve opening detectors 28A, 28B, 28C. From the opening degree flow converters 40A, 40B, 40C to be added and the adder 41 for adding the flow rate equivalent signals CV20A, CV20B, CV20C of the respective valves outputted from the opening degree flow converters 40A, 40B, 40C, and the CV flow rate command CV1 An adder 42 that calculates a deviation signal of the output signal CV21 of the adder 41, an addition that adds the flow deviation signal CV22 output from the adder 42 and the CV2D signal from the distribution function unit 26D in the flow distribution controller 26. And a switch F1AS1, which is operated by the abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, F1C output from the valve abnormality detectors 35A, 35B, 35C. 1BS1, the F1CS1, and newly a provided configuration as flow rate calculation unit 400. Here, the flow rate calculation unit 400 performs a calculation process on the CV2D signal from the flow rate distribution controller 26D based on the values of the opening degree signals CV4A, CV4B, and CV4C, so that the steam flow rate of the steam control valve 3D ( Deficiency).
[0039]
Next, operation | movement of the steam turbine control apparatus of this Embodiment is demonstrated.
In the steam turbine control device of the present embodiment, the steam control valve 3A, the steam control valve 3B, and the steam control valve 3C are sequentially controlled to open a desired steam flow rate up to 95% of the plant output rating.
[0040]
If a failure occurs in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A, an abnormality detection signal F1A is output from the valve abnormality detector 35A.
The abnormality detection signal F1A output from the valve abnormality detector 35A is input to the sudden closing detector 33A, and the sudden closing detector 33A outputs the sudden closing detection signal CV9A to the rapid closing operation unit 34A. The rapid closing operator 34A converts the rapid closing detection signal CV9A into a hydraulic rapid closing detection signal CV10A and outputs it to the valve operating unit 32A. Then, the valve operator 32A fully closes the steam control valve 3A based on the hydraulic rapid closing detection signal CV10A.
[0041]
Further, the flow rate calculation unit 400 newly provided this time detects the equivalent of the steam flow rate signal flowing through each valve by the opening degree flow rate converters 40A, 40B, 40C, and is output from the opening degree flow rate converters 40A, 40B, 40C. By adding the flow rate equivalent signals CV20A, CV20B, and CV20C of the respective valves by the adder 41, signals corresponding to the total total steam flow flowing from the first valve to the third valve can be detected. Further, the adder 41 calculates the deviation between the CV flow rate command CV1 and the total steam flow equivalent signal CV21 of the first valve to the third valve, and thereby the desired steam flow to be flowed by the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D. A shortage is required.
[0042]
Further, the insufficient steam flow rate signal CV22 is input to the adder 43 via the switching devices F1AS1, F1BS1, and F1CS1 operated by the abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, and F1C output from the valve abnormality detectors 35A, 35B, and 35C. It is added to the CV flow rate command CV2D of the steam control valve 3D and input to the flow rate opening degree converter 27D as the CV flow rate command CV23. Thereby, the shortage with respect to the desired steam flow rate can be compensated by the steam control valve 3D.
[0043]
Therefore, according to the turbine control device according to the present embodiment, the valve control system for controlling the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C or the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C in the operating range up to 95% of the plant output rating. Even if a failure occurs, the steam control valve 3D can be compensated by excluding the failed system valve, so that the steam flow rate of the turbine can be secured, and as a result, the plant output is not changed. Plant operation can be continued.
Furthermore, in the above description, the plant output has been described up to 95% of the rating. However, according to the present embodiment, even when this plant output is exceeded or there are a plurality of failure valve systems, the valve of the steam control valve 3D. Compensation is possible until the opening reaches the maximum opening.
[0044]
FIG. 7 shows a configuration of a flow rate distribution controller according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The configuration other than the configuration in the flow distribution controller 26 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same parts as those in FIG.
In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a CV flow rate command circuit 410 that operates in response to the input of abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, and F1C is newly provided in the flow rate distribution controller 26. This CV flow rate command circuit 410 detects opening flow rate converters 40A and 40B that detect the equivalent of the steam flow signal flowing through each valve from the opening signals CV4A, CV4B, and CV4C output from the valve opening detectors 28A, 28B, and 28C. , 40C and the flow rate equivalent signals CV20A, CV20B, CV20C of the valves output from the opening flow rate converters 40A, 40B, 40C, and the deviation of the output signal CV31 of the adder 51 from the CV flow rate command CV1 It comprises an adder 52 for computing a signal.
[0045]
As a CV flow command for controlling the steam control valve 3D, a signal CV2D from the flow distribution function unit 26D is normally output. When the abnormality detection signals F1A, F1B, F1C are input, a CV flow command circuit is provided. 410 operates, and is configured to output the signal CV32 instead of the signal CV2D.
[0046]
Next, operation | movement of the steam turbine control apparatus of this Embodiment is demonstrated.
In the steam turbine control device of the present embodiment, the steam control valve 3A, the steam control valve 3B, and the steam control valve 3C are sequentially opened to flow a desired steam flow rate.
If a failure occurs in the steam control valve 3A or the valve system that controls the steam control valve 3A, an abnormality detection signal F1A is output from the valve abnormality detector 35A.
The abnormality detection signal F1A output from the valve abnormality detector 35A is input to the rapid closing detector 34A, and the rapid closing detector 33A outputs the rapid closing detection signal CV9A to the rapid closing operation unit 33A. The rapid closing operator 34A converts the rapid closing detection signal CV9A into a hydraulic rapid closing detection signal CV10A and outputs it to the valve operating unit 32A. Then, the valve operator 32A fully closes the steam control valve 3A based on the hydraulic rapid closing detection signal CV10A.
[0047]
Further, the newly provided CV flow rate command circuit 410 that determines the opening of the steam control valve 3D detects the equivalent of the steam flow signal flowing from the first valve to the third valve by the opening flow rate converters 40A, 40B, and 40C. By adding the flow-equivalent signals CV20A, CV20B, CV20C of the first valve to the third valve output from the opening flow rate converters 40A, 40B, 40C by the adder 51, the first valve flows from the first valve to the third valve. A signal corresponding to the total total steam flow of the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C can be detected. Further, by calculating the deviation between the CV flow command CV1 and the total steam flow equivalent signal CV31 of the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C by the adder 51, the desired steam flow to be made to flow through the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C. A shortage is required.
[0048]
Further, the flow rate distribution function unit 26D of FIG. 1 is stopped, and instead of the CV flow rate command CV2D obtained by the flow rate distribution function unit 26D, the output signal CV32 obtained by the adder 52 is changed to the CV flow rate command of the steam control valve 3D. Thus, the steam control valve 3D can obtain the shortage of the steam flow obtained by the steam control valve 3A, the steam control valve 3B, and the steam control valve 3C with respect to the desired steam flow.
In other words, the steam control valve 3D can obtain the shortage of the steam flow that should be originally obtained by each of the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C.
[0049]
According to the turbine control device according to the present embodiment, even if a failure occurs in the valve control system for controlling the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C or the steam control valves 3A, 3B, 3C, Since it is possible to compensate until the valve opening degree of the steam control valve 3D by the steam control valve 3D reaches the maximum opening degree by excluding the valve, the steam flow rate of the desired turbine can be secured, and as a result, the plant Plant operation can be continued without changing the output.
[0050]
In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the case where the number of steam control valves is four is demonstrated, it can apply similarly to the case of arbitrary several steam control valves. Further, as the valve closing means, for example, in consideration of a case where the valve is rapidly closed, a quick closing detector or a quick closing operation device is used. However, the valve closing means is not limited to this.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first to eighth aspects of the invention, in the range of 95% or less of the plant output rating that does not require control of the valve that is opened last, the turbine output can be increased even when one valve fails. Plant operation can be continued without change.
Furthermore, according to the structure of Claim 6 or Claim 7, when the plant output exceeds 95% of the rating by each of the means described above, or when an abnormality occurs in a plurality of valve systems, it is finally opened. Until the valve reaches the maximum opening, the last opened valve can compensate for the insufficient flow rate, so that the operation of the plant can be continued without changing the turbine output.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a turbine control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of a flow rate distribution control unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an input / output characteristic diagram of a function generator in the flow rate distribution control unit of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an internal configuration diagram of a flow rate distribution control unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an internal configuration diagram of a flow rate distribution control unit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a turbine control device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a turbine control device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a steam turbine system in a conventional thermal power plant
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a conventional steam control valve control device.
FIG. 10 is an internal configuration diagram of a flow rate distribution control unit in a conventional steam control valve control device.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing input / output characteristics of a function generator in a conventional flow rate distribution control unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Steam generator, 2 ... Main steam stop valve, 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D ... Steam control valve, 4 ... Steam supply piping, 5 ... High-pressure turbine, 6 ... Speed detector, 7 ... Reheater, 8 ... Intermediate steam valve, 9 ... Low pressure turbine, 10 ... Condenser, 11 ... Load, 21 ... Turbine reference speed setter, 22 ... Adder, 23 ... CV coefficient unit, 24 ... Output setter, 25 ... Adder , 26 ... Flow rate distribution control unit, 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D ... Flow rate distribution function unit, 26E ... Function generator, 26F ... Adder, 27A, 27B, 27C, 27D ... Flow rate / opening degree converter, 28A, 28B , 28C, 28D ... valve opening detectors, 29A, 29B, 29C, 29D ... adders, 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D ... amplifiers, 31A, 31B, 31C, 31D ... electric / hydraulic converters, 32A, 32B, 32C, 32D ... valve actuator, 3 3A, 33B, 33C, 33D ... rapid closing detector, 34A, 34B, 34C, 34D ... rapid closing operation device, 35A, 35B, 35C, 35D ... valve abnormality detector, 40A, 40B, 40C ... opening / flow rate conversion 41, 42, 43 ... adder, F1AS1, F1AS2, F1BS1, F1BS2, F1CS1, F1CS2 ... switch, 400 ... flow rate calculation unit, 410 ... CV flow rate command circuit

Claims

タービンに供給される蒸気の蒸気流量を制御する制御系に設けられ、前記タービンの蒸気流入側に並列に設けられた複数の弁を蒸気流量要求信号に応じて各弁毎に順次開閉制御するため、前記タービンに流れるべき各弁の蒸気流量指令信号を出力する蒸気流量指令信号出力手段と、前記各弁の蒸気流量指令信号に基づいて前記各弁の開度指令信号を出力する開度指令信号出力手段と、前記各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、前記各弁の実際の開度を検出して開度信号を出力する開度信号出力手段と、前記各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、前記開度指令信号出力手段から出力された開度指令信号及び前記開度信号出力手段から出力された開度信号に基づいて前記各弁の開閉操作を行う弁開閉操作手段とを備えたタービン制御装置において、前記各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、前記開度信号出力手段から出力された開度信号及び前記開度指令信号出力手段から出力された開度指令信号を基に、前記各弁または前記各弁の制御系の異常を検出し、各弁毎の異常検出信号を前記蒸気流量指令信号出力手段に出力する異常検出手段と、前記各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、前記異常検出手段から出力された異常検出信号に基づいて前記各弁を閉じる弁閉手段とを設け、前記蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は前記異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、前記異常検出手段にて検出された弁を前記弁閉手段にて閉め、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償するようにしたことを特徴とするタービン制御装置。Provided in a control system for controlling the steam flow rate of steam supplied to the turbine, and sequentially opening and closing a plurality of valves provided in parallel on the steam inflow side of the turbine for each valve according to a steam flow request signal A steam flow command signal output means for outputting a steam flow command signal for each valve to flow to the turbine; and an opening command signal for outputting an opening command signal for each valve based on the steam flow command signal for each valve An output means, an opening degree signal output means for detecting an actual opening degree of each of the valves and outputting an opening degree signal, and an output means of each of the valves; and a control system of each of the valves. And a valve opening / closing operation means for opening / closing each valve based on the opening degree command signal output from the opening degree command signal output means and the opening degree signal output from the opening degree signal output means. In the control unit, before Based on the opening degree signal output from the opening degree signal output means and the opening degree instruction signal output from the opening degree command signal output means, respectively provided in the control system of each valve, An abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality in the control system and outputting an abnormality detection signal for each valve to the steam flow rate command signal output means, and a control system for each valve, respectively, and output from the abnormality detecting means. and was closing the valves on the basis of the abnormality detection signal closed valve means is provided, before Ki蒸 air flow rate command signal output means on the basis of the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detecting means is detected by said abnormality detecting means The turbine control device is characterized in that the valve is closed by the valve closing means and the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the valve that is opened last.

請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記各弁の制御系にそれぞれ設けられ、前記異常検出手段から出力された異常検出信号に基づいて前記各弁を閉じる弁閉手段とを設け、前記各弁の蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は前記異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、蒸気流量を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量と同一にするように最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令信号を出力することにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償するようにしたことを特徴とするタービン制御装置。2. The turbine control device according to claim 1, further comprising: a valve closing unit that is provided in a control system of each of the valves and that closes each of the valves based on an abnormality detection signal output from the abnormality detection unit. Based on the abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detecting means, the steam flow rate command signal output means outputs a steam flow rate command signal of the valve that is finally opened so that the steam flow rate is the same as the steam flow rate of the valve where the abnormality is detected. A turbine control device characterized in that, by outputting, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by a valve that is opened last.

請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は前記各弁の異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を出力する関数発生手段の関数を異常が検出された弁の関数と同一の関数設定とするための新たな関数発生手段を設けることにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償することを特徴とするタービン制御装置。2. The turbine control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the steam flow command signal output means is a function generating means for outputting a steam flow command of a valve to be opened last based on an abnormality detection signal from the abnormality detection means of each valve. Turbine control characterized by providing a new function generating means for setting the function to be the same as the function of the valve in which an abnormality is detected, thereby compensating the steam flow rate of the valve with the valve that is opened last apparatus.

請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は前記各弁の異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令を異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量指令に切替える切替手段を設けることにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償することを特徴とするタービン制御装置。2. The turbine control device according to claim 1, wherein the steam flow command signal output means is a valve in which an abnormality is detected in a steam flow command of a valve to be opened last based on an abnormality detection signal from an abnormality detection means of each valve. By providing a switching means for switching to the steam flow rate command, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the valve that is opened last.

請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記蒸気流量指令信号出力手段は前記各弁の異常検出手段からの異常検出信号に基づいて、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令に異常が検出された弁の蒸気流量指令を加算する加算手段を設けることにより、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる弁で補償することを特徴とするタービン制御装置。2. The turbine control device according to claim 1, wherein the steam flow command signal output means is a valve in which an abnormality is detected in a steam flow command of a valve to be opened last based on an abnormality detection signal from an abnormality detection means of each valve. A turbine control device characterized in that by adding an adding means for adding the steam flow rate command, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the valve that is opened last.

請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記各弁の開度検出手段により検出させた開度信号を蒸気流量信号相当に変換する各弁の開度流量変換手段と、前記各弁の開度流量変換手段から出力される各弁の蒸気流量信号相当を加算する第１加算手段と、前記各弁の蒸気流量信号の総蒸気流量要求信号から前記第１加算手段から出力される蒸気流量信号相当信号の差を検出する第２加算手段と、前記各弁の蒸気流量指令信号出力手段から出力される最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令信号に前記第２加算手段からの信号を加算する第３加算手段とを備え、前記第3加算手段への前記第2加算手段から出力される信号加算は、前記異常検出手段から出力された異常検出信号の動作時のみとする流量演算部を設けたことを特徴とするタービン制御装置。2. The turbine control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an opening flow rate converting means for each valve for converting an opening degree signal detected by the opening degree detecting means for each valve into a steam flow signal equivalent, and an opening flow rate for each valve. First addition means for adding the steam flow signal equivalent of each valve output from the conversion means, and a steam flow signal equivalent signal output from the first addition means from the total steam flow request signal of the steam flow signal of each valve And a third addition for adding the signal from the second addition means to the steam flow rate command signal of the valve to be opened lastly output from the steam flow rate command signal output means of each valve. And a flow rate calculation unit that performs signal addition output from the second addition means to the third addition means only during operation of the abnormality detection signal output from the abnormality detection means. Characteristic turbine control device

請求項１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記各弁の開度手段により検出させた開度信号を蒸気流量信号相当に変換する各弁の開度流量変換手段と、前記各弁の開度流量変換手段から出力される各弁の蒸気流量信号相当を加算する第１加算手段と、前記各弁の蒸気流量信号の総蒸気流量要求信号から前記第１加算手段から出力される蒸気流量信号相当信号の差を検出する第２加算手段とを備え、最後に開かれる弁の蒸気流量指令のみは前記蒸気流量指令信号出力手段からの出力に替えて前記第２加算手段から出力信号を使用して最後に開かれる弁を制御する回路を設けたことを特徴とするタービン制御装置。2. The turbine control device according to claim 1, wherein the opening degree flow rate conversion means of each valve for converting the opening degree signal detected by the opening degree means of each valve into a steam flow rate signal equivalent, and the opening degree flow rate conversion of each valve. A first addition means for adding the steam flow signal equivalent of each valve output from the means, and a steam flow signal equivalent signal output from the first addition means from a total steam flow request signal of the steam flow signal of each valve. A second addition means for detecting the difference, and only the steam flow rate command of the valve that is opened last is replaced with the output from the steam flow rate command signal output means, and finally the output signal from the second addition means is used. A turbine control device comprising a circuit for controlling a valve to be opened.

請求項１ないし７のうちいずれか１記載のタービン制御装置において、前記タービンの蒸気流入側に並列に設けられた弁を４つとし、前記異常検出手段で前記第１弁から第３弁の異常を検出すると、当該弁の蒸気流量を最後に開かれる第４弁で補償するようにしたことを特徴とするタービン制御装置。The turbine control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein there are four valves provided in parallel on the steam inflow side of the turbine, and the abnormality detection means detects abnormality of the first valve to the third valve. When the engine is detected, the steam flow rate of the valve is compensated by the fourth valve that is opened last.