JP4216443B2 - Rail heater - Google Patents

Rail heater Download PDF

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JP4216443B2
JP4216443B2 JP2000131600A JP2000131600A JP4216443B2 JP 4216443 B2 JP4216443 B2 JP 4216443B2 JP 2000131600 A JP2000131600 A JP 2000131600A JP 2000131600 A JP2000131600 A JP 2000131600A JP 4216443 B2 JP4216443 B2 JP 4216443B2
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Prior art keywords
rail
heat
heating element
housing
heater
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JP2000131600A
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JP2001311101A (en
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康次 大木
英司 西田
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株式会社新陽社
旭電機株式会社
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鉄道・軌道用のレールポイント部及びその周辺部(以下、ポイント部という)の凍結防止、雪害防止を目的としてポイント部に取り付けられるレール加熱器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鉄道・軌道用のレールポイント部には、氷雪が付着し凍結して切り換え動作に支障が生じることを防止するため、レール側面に取り付けてポイント部を加熱する加熱器が取り付けられる。
【0003】
その一つとして、図9に示されているように、アルミダイキャスト51内にシーズヒータ52を鋳込んだ加熱器が知られている。
また、アルミニウム製の筐体内に面状ヒータを装填し、その外側に熱絶縁層としての合成樹脂材と空気室とを重ねて設け、筐体に蓋をした密閉構造の加熱器が知られている(特開平10−280303号公報)。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来技術の内、前者においては、加熱器全面がアルミニウムで形成されているため、レールに接触する部分以外の面からも熱が放散し、熱損失が大きく加熱効率が悪いという問題がある。
後者においては、平面構成であるため、片面のみが熱伝導材と接触する構造となり、伝熱効率が低いという問題があった。
【0005】
また、従来の何れの加熱器も、給電ケーブルは加熱器に直結しており、加熱器設置後に給電ケーブルを取り外したり着けたりすることができなかった。これは、施工現場によって加熱器を設置するポイント部と電源までの距離が異なることに対応して、現場で給電ケーブルを直付けしていたためだが、給電ケーブルを加熱器に着脱できれば、設置作業がし易くなり、点検や部品の取り替えなどのメンテナンスの作業性も向上する。
【0006】
本発明はこのような問題点に鑑み、レール側面に取り付けてポイント部を加熱するレール加熱器において、発熱体から筐体に効率的に熱量を伝導して熱損失をより少なくすること、耐久性を高めること、及びメンテナンス作業性を向上させることを課題とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するため本発明のレール加熱器は、底面がレール表面に面接触する形状に形成された高熱伝導率の金属材からなる箱状筐体の上面に、発熱体が没入する深さの溝部を複数並設し、各溝部に前記発熱体を嵌め込んで発熱体表面と溝部表面とを面接触させるとともに、前記筐体の上面に、熱輻射板、熱反射板及び断熱材からなる熱絶縁体を重ねて前記各溝部及び各溝部に嵌め込まれた発熱体を熱絶縁体で覆い、さらに前記熱絶縁体に空気層を重ねて設けた構成を有することを特徴としている。
【0008】
これによれば、溝部に嵌め込まれた発熱体は、その表面が溝部内面に接し、発熱体の片面のみが接触したものと比べて接触面積が広くなり、発熱体から筐体への熱伝導量が大きくなって、加熱された筐体を介してレールを効率良く加熱する。
【0009】
筐体は、アルミニウムや銅などの熱伝導率の高い金属材を用い、発熱体を嵌め込むことが可能な厚みを有して形成される。
筐体がレール表面に接合する面の形状は、レールに面接触するよう、レール表面に取り付ける部位の形状に整合するように形成され、レール側面に取り付ける場合は略平面形状、レール側面から脚部に至る折れ部に取り付ける場合はレール表面の湾曲形状に対応した、外方に膨らんで湾曲した形状に形成される。筐体表面は、レール表面の曲率に対応した曲率の形状に形成される。
【0010】
発熱体は、筐体に装填可能な種々の構造のものが用いられる。
線状ヒータを用いる場合、図1(A)に示された如き断面円形の棒状のものや同図(B)に示された如き断面矩形の平角状のもの、同図(C)に示された如き平角状よりもさらに薄い箔状のものを用いることができる。これらヒータHは、筐体内面に形成された各溝部Mに没入し、ヒータ上面を除いた底面及び両側面を溝部表面に接触させて設置される。
【0011】
筐体内面に設ける溝部は、発熱体が嵌まり込むよう、発熱体の寸法や形状、及び発熱体の配置や配線構造などに対応して形成される。
その一態様として、溝部は、その幅を発熱体の幅(厚み)とほぼ同じ、深さを発熱体の高さとほぼ同じとし、発熱体の配線に沿って筐体内面に複数並設して形成することができる。なお、溝部が形成される筐体内面は、レール表面に接合する側の面である。
また、発熱体として線状ヒータを用いる場合は、ヒータとの接触面積を大きくするため、筐体内面に形成される溝部は、溝部を上方からみたときに、図2(A)に示された如きミアンダ状、同図(B)に示された如き渦巻き状、同図(C)に示された如き並列状、同図(D)に示された如き櫛状、その他高密度な筋状の配置となるように設けることが好ましい。
【0012】
また、他の態様として、図3に示されたように、ヒータHの厚みよりも幅広に形成された溝部Mに対し、ヒータHを溝部Mの内面に沿わせ、且つ隣接した溝部M,Mに渡るように設置して、筐体との接触面積を大きくすることができる。
この場合、ヒータHは、線状、面状何れの形態のものを用いることができ、その一側の面(図では上面)を、溝部Mに嵌合する突起を有する熱・電気絶縁構成体Kで押さえられ、適当な圧力をかけられて他側の面が隣接溝部Mに渡って溝部内面に接触する。
【0013】
前記各構成において、溝部に嵌め込まれた発熱体に、熱輻射板、熱反射板及び断熱材からなる熱絶縁体と、空気層を重ねた構成とすることが好ましい。
これによれば、熱絶縁体は熱量の放散を阻止し、さらに空気層を設けることで筐体のレールと接していない面側への熱伝導による損失が少なくなり、レールを効率的に加熱する。
熱輻射板としては、例えば鋼板の表面にセラミック又はセラミックとニッケルクロムの混合物からなる被膜を設けたもの、或いは遠赤外線を放射する無機質又は有機質の被膜を設けたものを用いることができる。熱反射板としては、例えばアルミニウムメッキ鋼板などを用いることができる。断熱材としては、熱伝導率の低いステンレスその他の金属板や、熱伝導率が低く且つ難燃性の樹脂シート、発泡材などを用いることができる。
【0014】
前記構成の加熱器を、筐体に取り付けた蓋で内部を水密的に密封して構成する場合、加熱器の加熱又は冷却に伴う筐体内圧の変動を調整する機構を筐体に設けることが好ましい。
内圧調整機構としては、例えば筐体内部又は外部に大気と通じたダイヤフラムを凹凸変形し得るように設けたり、或いは筐体外部に同じく大気と通じたベローズを伸縮変形し得るように設けたりし、筐体内圧の変動に応じてこれら部材が変形することによって圧力の変動を吸収し、筐体自体の変形が防止されるように構成することができる。
【0015】
さらに前記各構成において、筐体端部に発熱体と接続したレセプタクルを一体に設け、このレセプタクルに給電ケーブルと接続したプラグを取り付ければ、ヒータと給電ケーブルの接続を容易に行うことができる。すなわち、ヒータとケーブルの着脱が自在に行え、設置やメンテナンスの作業性が向上する。レセプタクルとこれに接続する給電ケーブルのプラグは防水絶縁型で、且つ抜け防止のロック機能を有するコネクタが用いられる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の好適な実施例を図面を参照して説明する。
図4は本実施例のレール加熱器の概略平面及び断面を示しており、図中、符号1は筐体、2は発熱体としてのヒータ線、3は熱絶縁体、4はダイヤフラム、5はレセプタクル、6は給電ケーブル、7はプラグである。
【0017】
筐体1は、アルミニウムを用い、上面を開口して薄い箱状に形成された本体部11と、本体部の開口面に取り付けて筐体内部を密閉する蓋部12からなり、図示されないレール側面に本体部11の底面を接合して取り付けられるように設けてある。
詳しくは、本体部11は、その底面11bがレール表面の湾曲した形状に対応させて、外方に膨らんで湾曲した形状に形成されているとともに、開口した内底面にヒータ線2が嵌まり込む深さの凹状の溝部11aがヒータ線2の配線に沿って筋状に形成され、ヒータ線2と電気的に接続するレセプタクル5を端部に固着して形成してある。蓋部12は本体部11の開口面を被閉する大きさに形成してある。
本体部11の、ヒータ線2が配線された部分よりもレセクタプル5が取り付けられた端部側の位置には、当該端部側に伝導する熱量を減らすため、平面視楕円形に開けた開孔11c,11cが設けてある。また、当該端部側の底部11dは、ヒータ線2が配線された部分から伝導する熱量を上方に伝わり難くするために、ヒータ線2が配線された部分の底面から凹んだ段差となるように切り欠いてある(図4(B)参照)。
【0018】
本体部11と蓋部12は、本体部11の内部にヒータ線2、熱絶縁体3及びダイヤフラム4を配し、開口面に蓋部12を取り付けた状態で、蓋部12の内面とダイヤフラム4との間に空間部13が形成される寸法に設けてある。この空間部13は筐体端部に設けた通気孔14から筐体外部に通じ、後述するダイヤフラム4がここで膨張変形するが、ダイヤフラム4によって熱絶縁体3とは水密的に隔離され、ヒータ線2や熱絶縁体3側に外気が入り込まないようになっている。
【0019】
ヒータ線2は、ニクロムやカーボンなどからなる発熱線の周面を絶縁体で被覆して形成された断面円形の線状ヒータを用い、外周面を前記凹部11a内に没入させて本体部11内に配線してある。ヒータ線2の端部はレセプタクル5に接続してある。
【0020】
熱絶縁体3は、熱輻射板31と、熱反射板32と、断熱材33とを積層した構造となっており、ヒータ線2の本体部11と接していない側の面に重ねて、本体部11の内部に装填してある。
【0021】
ダイヤフラム4は、熱絶縁体3全体を覆うようにして、熱絶縁体3の外側に固着してある。詳しくは、ダイヤフラム4は可撓性を有するゴム製又は樹脂製のシート材により形成されており、断熱材33の表面を被覆し、且つその周縁を断熱材33に固着して熱絶縁体3の外側面に一体に設けてある。
ダイヤフラム4によって表面を覆われた熱絶縁体3は、当該ダイヤフラムを挟んで空間部13が重なる。
【0022】
レセプタクル5は、給電ケーブル6のプラグ7が脱着可能な構造のものが用いられ、本体部11の端部に固着されている。レセプタクル5は給電ケーブル6のプラグ7を装着することにより、ヒータ線2と給電ケーブル6の相互間を電気的に接続する。
【0023】
これらの部材により構成される本実施例のレール加熱器は、本体部11の溝部11a内にレセプタクル5と接続したヒータ線2を嵌め入れて配線し、ヒータ線2の上に熱輻射板31、熱反射板32及び断熱材33を順次重ねるとともに、水や粉塵が進入しないよう本体部11内部にシリコンなどの絶縁樹脂を充填し、さらに熱絶縁体3の外側にダイヤフラム4を一体に固着した上で開口面に蓋部12を取り付け、ヒータ線2とレセプタクル5との配線部分及び本体部11と蓋部12との接合部分にシリコン樹脂を注入し、一体に固化して構成される。
【0024】
このように構成されるレール加熱器は、図示されない取り付け金具を用い、筐体1の底面をレール側面に接合して固定され、レセプタクル5に給電ケーブル6のプラグ7を接続してポイント部に取り付けられる。
この状態でヒータ線2を通電すれば、レールに面接触した本体部11をヒータ線2が加熱し、さらにヒータ線2の本体部11と接していない面側に重なった熱絶縁体3と空間部13内の空気層とが当該面側に伝導する熱の放散を阻止して、放射熱を本体部11側に反射せしめ、発生した熱量を効率良く本体部11からレールに伝導させて加熱し、ポイント部を融雪する。
【0025】
この場合、筐体自体の温度上昇に伴って内圧が高まるが、図6に示されているように、空間部13内に設けたダイヤフラム4の片面が内圧の変動に応じて凹凸変形するため、この変形によって筐体内部の圧力は所定の大きさに調節され、筐体が変形したり破損したりすることが防止される。
【0026】
なお、発熱体としての円形断面のヒータ線2の代わりに、平角状や箔状のヒータや面状のヒータを用いることは任意であり、この場合、図7(A),(B)に示されているように、本体部11内に形成された溝部11aに平角状ヒータ21や面状ヒータ22を嵌入し、これに熱絶縁体3、ダイヤフラム4及び蓋部12を重ねて加熱器が形成される。
【0027】
また、ダイヤフラム4は、前述した筐体内部に設けて片面が凹凸変形する構造以外に、図8(A)に示されているように、筐体1の内部にダイヤフラム4が設けられ、その両面が凹凸変形して筐体内圧を調整する構造や、同図(B)に示されているように、筐体1の外表面にダイヤフラム4が設けられ、ダイヤフラム4が筐体外側へ凹凸変形して筐体内圧を調整する構造とすることができる。
ダイヤフラムに代え、ベローズ機構を設けても同様な効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(A)〜(C)は発熱体が溝部に没入した状態の一例を示した筐体内部の要部拡大断面図である。
【図2】(A)〜(D)は筐体内部に形成される溝部の配置の一例を示した図である。
【図3】発熱体が溝部に没入した状態の他の例を示した筐体内部の要部拡大断面図である。
【図4】本発明の一実施例のレール加熱器の概略平面図(A)と断面図(B)である。
【図5】図4のレール加熱器の拡大縦断面図である。
【図6】ダイヤフラムの圧力調整動作を説明するための図である。
【図7】(A),(B)は他の実施例のレール加熱器の拡大縦断面図である。
【図8】(A),(B)は他のダイヤフラムの構造を示した図である。
【図9】従来のレール加熱器の構成を説明するための図である。
【符号の説明】
1 筐体
11 本体部
12 蓋部
13 空間部
14 通気孔
2 ヒータ線
21 平角状ヒータ
22 面状ヒータ
3 熱絶縁体
31 熱輻射板
32 熱反射板
33 断熱材
4 ダイヤフラム
5 レセプタクル
6 給電ケーブル
7 プラグ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rail heater attached to a point part for the purpose of preventing freezing of a rail point part for railroad / track and its peripheral part (hereinafter referred to as a point part) and snow damage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to prevent the snow and snow from adhering to the rail / track rail point portion and preventing the switching operation from being hindered, a heater is attached to the rail side surface to heat the point portion.
[0003]
As one of them, as shown in FIG. 9, a heater in which a sheathed heater 52 is cast in an aluminum die cast 51 is known.
There is also known a hermetic heater in which a planar heater is loaded in an aluminum casing, a synthetic resin material as a heat insulating layer and an air chamber are overlapped on the outside, and the casing is covered. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-280303).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Among the prior arts, the former has a problem that since the entire surface of the heater is made of aluminum, heat is dissipated from the surface other than the portion in contact with the rail, heat loss is large, and heating efficiency is poor.
In the latter, since it has a planar configuration, there is a problem that only one surface is in contact with the heat conducting material, and heat transfer efficiency is low.
[0005]
In any of the conventional heaters, the power supply cable is directly connected to the heater, and the power supply cable cannot be removed or attached after the heater is installed. This is because the power supply cable was directly attached at the site in response to the difference between the point where the heater is installed and the power source depending on the construction site, but if the power supply cable can be attached to and detached from the heater, installation work will be reduced. Maintenance work such as inspection and replacement of parts is also improved.
[0006]
In view of such problems, the present invention is a rail heater that is attached to the side surface of the rail and heats the point portion, and efficiently conducts heat from the heating element to the housing to reduce heat loss and durability. It is an object to improve the maintenance workability.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the rail heater according to the present invention has a depth at which the heating element is immersed in the upper surface of a box-shaped housing made of a metal material having a high thermal conductivity , the bottom surface of which is in contact with the rail surface. A plurality of the groove portions are arranged side by side, and the heating element is fitted into each groove portion to bring the heating element surface and the groove portion surface into surface contact, and the upper surface of the housing is made of a heat radiation plate, a heat reflection plate, and a heat insulating material. Each of the groove portions and the heating element fitted in each groove portion are covered with a heat insulator, and an air layer is provided on the heat insulator so as to overlap with each other.
[0008]
According to this, the heating element fitted in the groove has a larger contact area than the surface where the surface of the heating element is in contact with the inner surface of the groove and only one side of the heating element is in contact, and the amount of heat conduction from the heating element to the housing Becomes larger, and the rail is efficiently heated through the heated casing.
[0009]
The casing is formed using a metal material having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper, and has a thickness capable of fitting the heating element.
The shape of the surface where the housing is joined to the rail surface is formed to match the shape of the part to be attached to the rail surface so as to be in surface contact with the rail. When it is attached to the bent part, the outer surface is formed in a curved shape corresponding to the curved shape of the rail surface. The housing surface is formed in a curvature shape corresponding to the curvature of the rail surface.
[0010]
As the heating element, those having various structures that can be loaded in a casing are used.
When a linear heater is used, a rod having a circular cross section as shown in FIG. 1 (A), a rectangular shape having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. It is possible to use a foil that is thinner than a flat rectangular shape. These heaters H are placed in the respective groove portions M formed on the inner surface of the housing, and the bottom surface and both side surfaces except for the upper surface of the heater are placed in contact with the groove surface.
[0011]
The groove provided on the inner surface of the housing is formed corresponding to the size and shape of the heating element, the arrangement of the heating element, the wiring structure, and the like so that the heating element is fitted therein.
As one aspect, the width of the groove is approximately the same as the width (thickness) of the heating element, the depth is approximately the same as the height of the heating element, and a plurality of grooves are arranged in parallel on the inner surface of the housing along the wiring of the heating element. Can be formed. Note that the inner surface of the housing in which the groove is formed is a surface that is joined to the rail surface.
When a linear heater is used as the heating element, the groove formed on the inner surface of the housing is shown in FIG. 2A when viewed from above, in order to increase the contact area with the heater. Such as meandering shape, spiral shape as shown in Fig. (B), parallel shape as shown in Fig. (C), comb shape as shown in Fig. (D), and other high-density streaks. It is preferable to provide the arrangement.
[0012]
As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the groove H formed wider than the thickness of the heater H has the heater H along the inner surface of the groove M and adjacent grooves M, M. It is possible to increase the contact area with the housing.
In this case, the heater H can be either linear or planar, and a thermal / electrical insulation structure having a protrusion that fits into the groove M on one side surface (the upper surface in the figure). Pressed by K and applied with appropriate pressure, the other surface contacts the inner surface of the groove over the adjacent groove M.
[0013]
In each of the above-described configurations, it is preferable that the heat generating member fitted in the groove portion has a structure in which a heat insulator made of a heat radiation plate, a heat reflecting plate, and a heat insulating material and an air layer are overlapped.
According to this, the thermal insulator prevents heat dissipation, and further, by providing an air layer, loss due to heat conduction to the surface side not in contact with the rail of the housing is reduced, and the rail is efficiently heated. .
As the heat radiation plate, for example, a steel plate provided with a coating made of ceramic or a mixture of ceramic and nickel chrome, or a coating provided with an inorganic or organic coating emitting far infrared rays can be used. As the heat reflecting plate, for example, an aluminum plated steel plate can be used. As the heat insulating material, stainless steel or other metal plate having a low thermal conductivity, a flame retardant resin sheet having a low thermal conductivity, a foam material, or the like can be used.
[0014]
When the heater with the above configuration is configured by watertightly sealing the inside with a lid attached to the casing, the casing may be provided with a mechanism for adjusting fluctuations in the casing internal pressure accompanying heating or cooling of the heater. preferable.
As the internal pressure adjustment mechanism, for example, a diaphragm that communicates with the atmosphere inside or outside the casing can be provided so that it can be deformed unevenly, or a bellows that is also communicated with the atmosphere can be expanded and deformed outside the casing, By deforming these members in accordance with the fluctuation of the internal pressure of the casing, the fluctuation of the pressure can be absorbed and the deformation of the casing itself can be prevented.
[0015]
Further, in each of the above configurations, if a receptacle connected to a heating element is integrally provided at the end of the housing, and a plug connected to a power feeding cable is attached to the receptacle, the heater and the power feeding cable can be easily connected. That is, the heater and the cable can be freely attached and detached, and the workability of installation and maintenance is improved. The receptacle and the plug of the power supply cable connected to the receptacle are of a waterproof insulation type and a connector having a lock function for preventing disconnection is used.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic plane and cross section of the rail heater of the present embodiment, in which 1 is a housing, 2 is a heater wire as a heating element, 3 is a thermal insulator, 4 is a diaphragm, A receptacle, 6 is a power supply cable, and 7 is a plug.
[0017]
The housing 1 is made of aluminum, and includes a main body portion 11 that is formed in a thin box shape with an upper surface opened, and a lid portion 12 that is attached to the opening surface of the main body portion and seals the inside of the housing. It is provided so that the bottom face of the main body 11 can be joined and attached.
Specifically, the main body 11 has a bottom surface 11b corresponding to the curved shape of the rail surface, and is formed in a curved shape that bulges outward and the heater wire 2 is fitted into the opened inner bottom surface. A concave groove portion 11a having a depth is formed in a streak shape along the wiring of the heater wire 2, and a receptacle 5 electrically connected to the heater wire 2 is fixed to the end portion. The lid portion 12 is formed in a size that closes the opening surface of the main body portion 11.
An opening formed in an oval shape in plan view at a position closer to the end of the main body 11 than the portion where the heater wire 2 is wired to which the sector pull 5 is attached in order to reduce the amount of heat conducted to the end 11c and 11c are provided. Further, the bottom portion 11d on the end side has a step that is recessed from the bottom surface of the portion where the heater wire 2 is wired in order to prevent the amount of heat conducted from the portion where the heater wire 2 is wired from being transmitted upward. It is cut out (see FIG. 4B).
[0018]
The main body 11 and the lid 12 have the heater wire 2, the thermal insulator 3, and the diaphragm 4 disposed inside the main body 11, and the lid 12 is attached to the opening surface, and the inner surface of the lid 12 and the diaphragm 4. Are provided in such a dimension that the space portion 13 is formed between them. This space portion 13 communicates with the outside of the housing through a vent hole 14 provided at the end portion of the housing, and a diaphragm 4 to be described later is expanded and deformed. However, the diaphragm 4 is watertightly isolated from the thermal insulator 3 by the diaphragm 4, and the heater Outside air does not enter the wire 2 or the heat insulator 3 side.
[0019]
The heater wire 2 is a linear heater having a circular cross section formed by covering the peripheral surface of a heating wire made of nichrome, carbon, or the like with an insulator, and the outer peripheral surface is immersed in the concave portion 11a. It is wired to. The end of the heater wire 2 is connected to the receptacle 5.
[0020]
The heat insulator 3 has a structure in which a heat radiating plate 31, a heat reflecting plate 32, and a heat insulating material 33 are stacked, and is stacked on the surface of the heater wire 2 that is not in contact with the main body portion 11, It is loaded inside the section 11.
[0021]
The diaphragm 4 is fixed to the outside of the thermal insulator 3 so as to cover the entire thermal insulator 3. Specifically, the diaphragm 4 is formed of a flexible rubber or resin sheet material, covers the surface of the heat insulating material 33, and its peripheral edge is fixed to the heat insulating material 33 so that the heat insulator 3 is formed. It is provided integrally on the outer surface.
The thermal insulator 3 whose surface is covered with the diaphragm 4 overlaps the space portion 13 with the diaphragm interposed therebetween.
[0022]
The receptacle 5 has a structure in which the plug 7 of the power feeding cable 6 can be attached and detached, and is fixed to the end of the main body 11. The receptacle 5 is electrically connected between the heater wire 2 and the power supply cable 6 by mounting the plug 7 of the power supply cable 6.
[0023]
The rail heater according to the present embodiment constituted by these members is fitted and wired with the heater wire 2 connected to the receptacle 5 in the groove portion 11a of the main body 11, and the heat radiation plate 31, The heat reflecting plate 32 and the heat insulating material 33 are sequentially stacked, and an insulating resin such as silicon is filled into the main body 11 so that water and dust do not enter, and the diaphragm 4 is fixed integrally to the outside of the heat insulator 3. The lid portion 12 is attached to the opening surface, and silicon resin is injected into the wiring portion between the heater wire 2 and the receptacle 5 and the joint portion between the main body portion 11 and the lid portion 12 and solidified integrally.
[0024]
The rail heater configured in this manner is attached to a point portion by connecting a plug 7 of a power feeding cable 6 to a receptacle 5 using a mounting bracket (not shown) and joining the bottom surface of the housing 1 to the rail side surface and fixing. It is done.
If the heater wire 2 is energized in this state, the heater wire 2 heats the main body portion 11 that is in surface contact with the rail, and the heat insulator 3 and the space overlapped on the surface side that is not in contact with the main body portion 11 of the heater wire 2. The air layer in the part 13 is prevented from dissipating heat conducted to the surface side, the radiant heat is reflected to the main body part 11 side, and the generated heat is efficiently conducted from the main body part 11 to the rail to be heated. Melt snow at the point.
[0025]
In this case, the internal pressure increases with the temperature rise of the housing itself, but as shown in FIG. 6, one side of the diaphragm 4 provided in the space portion 13 is unevenly deformed according to the fluctuation of the internal pressure. By this deformation, the pressure inside the housing is adjusted to a predetermined magnitude, and the housing is prevented from being deformed or damaged.
[0026]
Instead of the heater wire 2 having a circular cross section as a heating element, it is optional to use a flat or foil heater or a planar heater. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B). As shown in the figure, a rectangular heater 21 or a planar heater 22 is inserted into a groove 11a formed in the main body 11, and a heater is formed by overlapping the thermal insulator 3, the diaphragm 4 and the lid 12 thereon. Is done.
[0027]
In addition to the structure in which the diaphragm 4 is provided inside the housing and deforms on one side, the diaphragm 4 is provided inside the housing 1 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5B, the diaphragm 4 is provided on the outer surface of the housing 1 and the diaphragm 4 is deformed to the outside of the housing. Thus, the internal pressure of the housing can be adjusted.
A similar effect can be obtained by providing a bellows mechanism instead of the diaphragm.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A to 1C are enlarged cross-sectional views of main parts inside a housing showing an example of a state in which a heating element is immersed in a groove.
FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams illustrating an example of an arrangement of groove portions formed in a housing. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part inside a housing showing another example of a state in which a heating element is immersed in a groove.
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view (A) and a cross-sectional view (B) of a rail heater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the rail heater of FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a pressure adjustment operation of a diaphragm.
7A and 7B are enlarged longitudinal sectional views of a rail heater according to another embodiment.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing the structure of another diaphragm. FIGS.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of a conventional rail heater.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing | casing 11 Main body part 12 Cover part 13 Space part 14 Vent hole 2 Heater wire 21 Flat heater 22 Planar heater 3 Thermal insulator 31 Thermal radiation plate 32 Heat reflecting plate 33 Heat insulating material 4 Diaphragm 5 Receptacle 6 Feeding cable 7 Plug

Claims (5)

底面がレール表面に面接触する形状に形成された高熱伝導率の金属材からなる箱状筐体の上面に、発熱体が没入する深さの溝部を複数並設し、各溝部に前記発熱体を嵌め込んで発熱体表面と溝部表面とを面接触させるとともに、前記筐体の上面に、熱輻射板、熱反射板及び断熱材からなる熱絶縁体を重ねて前記各溝部及び各溝部に嵌め込まれた発熱体を熱絶縁体で覆い、さらに前記熱絶縁体に空気層を重ねて設けた構成を有することを特徴とするレール加熱器。 A plurality of groove portions with a depth to which the heating element is inserted are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of a box-shaped housing made of a metal material having a high thermal conductivity so that the bottom surface is in surface contact with the rail surface, and the heating element is provided in each groove portion. The heat generating body surface and the groove surface are brought into surface contact with each other, and a heat insulator made of a heat radiating plate, a heat reflecting plate, and a heat insulating material is stacked on the upper surface of the housing, and is fitted into each groove portion and each groove portion. A rail heater having a configuration in which the heat generating body is covered with a heat insulator and an air layer is provided on the heat insulator . 溝部に棒状、平角状又は箔状の発熱体を没入した請求項1に記載のレール加熱器。  The rail heater according to claim 1, wherein a rod-like, flat or foil-like heating element is immersed in the groove. 筐体上面に、ミアンダ状、渦巻き状、櫛状又は複数本並列状の溝部を設けた請求項1又は2に記載のレール加熱器。  The rail heater according to claim 1, wherein a meander shape, a spiral shape, a comb shape, or a plurality of parallel groove portions are provided on the upper surface of the housing. 筐体内に発熱体を水密的に封止して構成した請求項1〜3の何れかに記載のレール加熱器に、加熱又は冷却に伴う筐体内圧の変動を調整する機構を設けたレール加熱器。The rail heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the heating element is watertightly sealed in the casing, and a rail heating provided with a mechanism for adjusting fluctuations in the casing internal pressure accompanying heating or cooling. vessel. 筐体端部に発熱体と接続したレセプタクルを一体に設け、このレセプタクルに給電ケーブルが着脱し得るように構成した請求項1〜4の何れかに記載のレール加熱器。The rail heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein a receptacle connected to a heating element is integrally provided at an end of the housing, and a power feeding cable can be attached to and detached from the receptacle.
JP2000131600A 2000-04-28 2000-04-28 Rail heater Expired - Fee Related JP4216443B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP2000131600A JP4216443B2 (en) 2000-04-28 2000-04-28 Rail heater

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000131600A JP4216443B2 (en) 2000-04-28 2000-04-28 Rail heater

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JP4216443B2 true JP4216443B2 (en) 2009-01-28

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KR100864702B1 (en) 2007-02-02 2008-10-23 주식회사 대신상역엔지니어링 Snow removal system for division point of railroad track

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