JP4210227B2 - Evaluation method for large can welds - Google Patents
Evaluation method for large can welds Download PDFInfo
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- JP4210227B2 JP4210227B2 JP2004028744A JP2004028744A JP4210227B2 JP 4210227 B2 JP4210227 B2 JP 4210227B2 JP 2004028744 A JP2004028744 A JP 2004028744A JP 2004028744 A JP2004028744 A JP 2004028744A JP 4210227 B2 JP4210227 B2 JP 4210227B2
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Description
本発明はベール缶或いはそれに類似のサイズの大型缶（直径220mm以上、高さ250mm以上）の溶接部全長を張出し加工することにより、溶接強度を評価する方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for evaluating welding strength by overhanging the entire length of a welded portion of a bale can or a large can of similar size (diameter 220 mm or more, height 250 mm or more).
現在、ペール缶の様な大型缶（直律220mm以上、高さ250mm以上）は、主に、ワイヤーシーム溶接法によって製缶されている。ワイヤーシーム溶接法とは、銅ワイヤーを捲きつけた2つの電極輪の間に予め丸めた2枚の板を0．4〜0．8mmの重ね代（ラップ代）で挿入し、前記電極輪を所定の圧力をかけつつ回転させながら、交流電流を流すことにより、重ね合わせた板の界面を発熱させ、接合させる溶接方法である。この溶接方法の特徴は、接合する箇所を軟化させ（一部は溶融しているとも言われている）、電極輪の加圧により、圧接或いは鍛接によって接合が行われることである。 Currently, large cans such as pail cans (directly 220 mm or more, height 250 mm or more) are mainly made by wire seam welding. The wire seam welding method is a method in which two rolled plates are inserted between two electrode rings to which copper wire has been wound, with an overlap of 0.4 to 0.8 mm (lapping), and the electrode rings are inserted. This is a welding method in which an alternating current is passed while rotating while applying a predetermined pressure to generate heat and join the interface of the stacked plates. The feature of this welding method is that the joining portion is softened (partly said to be melted), and is joined by pressure welding or forging by pressing the electrode wheel.
この溶接方法の長所としては、溶接速度が速いことや外観が椅麗であることであり、コーヒー缶の様な小径缶の製造にも多く用いられている。小径缶の溶接部の評価方法としては、既に以下の公知の方法が確立されている。１）ピールテスト；溶接部の一方の両横に切込みを入れ、ペンチ等のジグを使って溶接部を引上げ、途中で切れずに糸状に溶接部が得られれば、十分な強度があるとする。これは、溶接部は母材に比べて硬くなる現象を利用しており、簡便であることから最も良く利用されている。２）ロールバックテスト：缶端部にフランジ加工をする様に、更に深く曲げ加工を行い、溶接部が剥離しなければ十分な強度があるとする。缶径よりやや大きめの金型を用い、圧縮応力を掛けられる装置によって行われる。３）ボールテスト：溶接部の内面側からパチンコ玉程度の金属球（ボール）を接触、移動させ、溶接部を外側に連続的に張出し、溶接部が剥離しなければ十分な強度があるとする。横に缶を固定し油圧またはエアーでボールを移動させてSoudronic社カタログ（文献1）に記載されたような試験装置が市販されている。 The advantages of this welding method are that the welding speed is fast and the appearance is gorgeous, and it is often used in the production of small-diameter cans such as coffee cans. The following known methods have already been established as methods for evaluating the welded portion of a small-diameter can. 1) Peel test: Make cuts on both sides of the welded part, pull up the welded part using a jig such as pliers, etc. . This uses the phenomenon that the weld is harder than the base metal and is most often used because it is simple. 2) Rollback test: It is assumed that there is sufficient strength if the welded part does not peel off by bending deeply as if the can end is flanged. This is performed by a device that uses a mold slightly larger than the can diameter and can apply compressive stress. 3) Ball test: A metal ball (ball) of the size of a pachinko ball is contacted and moved from the inner surface side of the welded part, and the welded part is continuously extended outwards. . A test apparatus as described in the Soudronic catalog (Reference 1) with a can fixed to the side and a ball moved by hydraulic pressure or air is commercially available.
一方、ペール缶の様な大型缶の溶接部を評価する場合には、先述の１）〜３）の方法を適用することが困難である。その理由は、小径缶の板厚が0．2mm或いはそれ以下であるのに対し、大型缶の板厚は0．3〜0．6mm程度と厚く、更に、缶体自体の大きさが小径缶に比べて遥かに大きいことである。即ち、溶接部を引上げるピールテストは、板厚が厚くなると非常に大きな力を要し、日常的な品質管理手段に用いることは出来ない上、機械化するには、コストやスペースの問題がある。
ロールバックテストは、ジグや装置を大型化すれば良いが、張出し加工（エキスパンド加工）が行われるペール缶の様な大型缶の溶接部の評価方法としては不十分であり、装置を製作しても、それに見合った利点は得られない。
ボールテストは、張出し加工を行った時の溶接部の強度評価が行われるため、張出し加工（エキスパンド加工）が行われるペール缶の様な大型缶の溶接部の評価方法として最も適していると言える。しかし、市販されている横型の小径缶の装置を大型化するには、1）非常に大きな装置スペース及び作業スペースが必要とされる、2）缶の重量が重い為、脱着が容易でしかも十分に缶体を固定する適当な方法が無い、等の理由から大型缶のボールテストは行われていなかった。
The rollback test can be done by increasing the size of the jig or equipment, but it is not sufficient as an evaluation method for welds of large cans such as pail cans that are subjected to overhang processing (expanding). However, you can't get the benefit.
The ball test is the most suitable method for evaluating the welded part of a large can such as a pail can that is subjected to overhanging (expanding) because the strength of the welded part is evaluated when the overhanging is performed. . However, to increase the size of a commercially available horizontal small-sized can, 1) a very large equipment space and work space are required, and 2) the can is heavy and easy to attach and detach. The ball test of large cans has not been performed because there is no suitable method for fixing the cans.
近年、大型缶の溶接品位の向上が一層求められる様になり、製缶メーカーは、スリットサイズの厳格化や溶接機のメンテナンス頻度の増加により対応しつつあるが、溶接品位を厳格に管理することがユーザーより求められる様になった。それと同時に、材料のコストダウン化が相侯って行われ、従来使用されていなかった極低炭素鋼が使用される様になってきた。この極低炭素鋼の特徴は溶接部が硬くなり難く、溶接部と母材で硬度差が小さい、場合によっては逆転する事も有り得ることから、ピールテストで評価することは不可能である。
以上述べた様に、ピールテストやロールバックテストでは大型缶の溶接部を適切に評価できないことから、大型缶の溶接部を張出し加工により、しかも、溶接部の全長を適切に評価可能な大型缶のボールテスト方法が待望されていた。
本発明は、上記の大型缶のボールテスト方法を提供することを課題とする。
In recent years, there has been a further demand for improved welding quality of large cans, and can manufacturers are responding with stricter slit sizes and increased maintenance frequency of welding machines. Is now required by users. At the same time, the cost of the materials has been reduced, and ultra-low carbon steel that has not been conventionally used has come to be used. The characteristics of this ultra-low carbon steel are that it is difficult for the welded portion to become hard, the hardness difference between the welded portion and the base metal is small, and it may be reversed in some cases, and it is impossible to evaluate by a peel test.
As described above, the peel test and rollback test cannot adequately evaluate the welded part of a large can, so the large can that can be properly evaluated by overhanging the welded part of the large can The ball test method was awaited.
An object of the present invention is to provide a ball test method for the large can described above.
発明者らは、先述の事情を鑑み、大型缶のボールテスト装置を鋭意検討した結果、缶体を横に固定し、ボールを横に移動させる方式を採用している市販の小径缶用の装置の延長上では無く、缶体を縦にセットし、ボールも上下に移動する方式を採用することにより、安価でしかも小型化が可能で広いスペースを要しない、大型缶用溶接部評価方法を発明するに到ったものである。
即ち、本発明の要旨は、
（1）溶接缶体を分割タイプの缶支持台４，４´に取り付け後、クランプ２を操作して缶内面側の缶支持台４、４´を互いに外向きに移動させて、溶接缶体を垂直に固定し、溶接部の缶内面側の缶体全長に渡って、突起部を接触移動させることにより溶接部を外側に張出させ、その結果を基に溶接部の溶接強度を評価することを特徴とする大型缶溶接部の評価方法。
（2）突起部が突起のある金属体であることを特徴とする（1）に記載の大型缶溶接部の評価方法。
（3）突起部の形状が球状であることを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の大型缶溶接部の評価方法。
(4)突起の先端を、缶体の３〜５０ｍｍ程外側に配置することを特徴とする（1）乃至（3）のいずれか一項に記載の大型缶溶接部の評価方法。
にある。
As a result of intensive studies on a ball test device for large cans in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the inventors have adopted a method for fixing a can body to the side and moving the ball to the side for a commercially available small diameter can. Invented a method for evaluating welded parts for large cans that is inexpensive, can be downsized, and does not require a large space by adopting a system in which the can body is set vertically and the ball also moves up and down, not on the extension of This is what it came to.
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) After attaching the welded can body to the split type can support bases 4 and 4 ′, the clamp 2 is operated to move the can support bases 4 and 4 ′ on the inner surface side of the can outward so as to be welded can bodies. a vertically fixed, over the can body entire length of the can inner side of the welded portion, the protruding portion outwardly so out Zhang welds by the contact movement, to evaluate the welding strength of the welded portion based on the results A method for evaluating a large-sized can weld, characterized by that.
(2) The method for evaluating a large-sized can weld according to (1), wherein the protrusion is a metal body having a protrusion.
(3) The method for evaluating a large-sized can weld according to (1) or (2), wherein the shape of the protrusion is spherical.
(4) The method for evaluating a large can weld according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the tip of the protrusion is disposed outside the can body by about 3 to 50 mm.
It is in.
本発明により大型缶の溶接部の評価を非常に厳格にかつ効率的に行えることが明らかになった。 The present invention has revealed that the evaluation of the welded part of a large can can be performed very strictly and efficiently.
以下、本発明に使用する装置と本発明方法について詳述する。
装置の概略を図1に示す。装置は脚のついた架台1、その上に可動式の缶支持台4、4´、突起部望ましくは球状の金属体のボールが固定された可動シャフト6から成るシンプルな構造体を為している。
突起部は、上記のように球状の金属体のボールであることが望ましいので、以下、金属体のボール（単にボールという）を前提として説明する。
縦に置かれた缶体を固定する為の缶支持台4、4´は円柱を半分に割った形状をしており、その半径は試験される溶接缶体の半径より少し小さめになっている。
Hereinafter, the apparatus used for this invention and this invention method are explained in full detail.
An outline of the apparatus is shown in FIG. The device has a simple structure consisting of a pedestal 1 with a leg, a movable can support 4 and 4 ', and a movable shaft 6 on which a protrusion, preferably a spherical metal ball, is fixed. Yes.
Since the protrusion is preferably a spherical metal ball as described above, the following description is based on the assumption of a metal ball (simply called a ball).
The can support bases 4 and 4 'for fixing the cans placed vertically have a shape that divides the cylinder in half, and its radius is slightly smaller than the radius of the welded can body to be tested. .
これは、缶体の脱着作業を極めて容易に行うことが出来ることのみならず、缶支持台が外側へ移動し、ほぼ均一な圧力で缶体を固定し、ボールが移動しても被試験缶体が移動しないようにする効果を有している。また、缶支持台の内外の移動はクランプ2に行うことが望ましい。
これは、図2の様に缶を装置にセットする場合、溶接部が可動シャフトの中心に来るように調整する必要があるが、片手で位置を調整し、もう一方の手でクランプ操作を行うことにより、容易に缶体をセットすることが出来るためである。
可動シャフトの先端には、図3に示すように、ボール支持台9を介してボールが取り付けられている。ボール5によって張出し試験を行うことからボールの先端は、缶体の外側3〜50mmに配置するのが望ましい。先端位置が缶体の外側50mmより外側に位置すると缶にボールがつっかえる傾向であるためであり、また、缶体の外側3mmより内側に配置されると、張出し量が十分で無く適正な評価を行うために望ましくないためである。
This is not only because the can body can be attached and detached very easily, but also when the can support base moves to the outside, the can body is fixed with almost uniform pressure, and the test object can be moved even if the ball moves. It has the effect of preventing the body from moving. Further, it is desirable to move the can support base in and out of the clamp 2.
This is because when the can is set in the device as shown in Fig. 2, it is necessary to adjust so that the weld is at the center of the movable shaft, but the position is adjusted with one hand and the clamping operation is performed with the other hand. This is because the can body can be easily set.
As shown in FIG. 3, a ball is attached to the tip of the movable shaft via a ball support base 9. Since the overhang test is performed with the ball 5, it is desirable to arrange the tip of the ball 3 to 50 mm outside the can body. This is because the ball tends to get stuck in the can when the tip position is outside the outer 50 mm of the can body, and if the tip position is placed inside the outer 3 mm of the can body, the overhang amount is insufficient and proper evaluation is made. This is because it is undesirable to do.
使用されるボールの大きさは、特に規制しないが、余り大き過ぎると缶にボールがつっかえる傾向であり、小さ過ぎると、張出し量が十分で無く適正な評価を行う点から望ましくないので、10〜50mm程度のボールを使用するのが望ましい。上記のごとく、ボールの替わりに流線型や滑らかな曲線状の金属を用いても良い。また、張出し量の制御は、幾つかのサイズのボールを用意したり、ボールとボール支持台の取り付け距離を制御する事に行うことが出来る。可動シャフトはエアシリンダー或いは油圧シリンダー等の駆動装置によって上下に動かすことが出来るが、エアシリンダーが経済的及び装置の小型化、軽量化の観点から有利である。 The size of the ball to be used is not particularly restricted, but if it is too large, the ball tends to get stuck in the can, and if it is too small, the overhang amount is not sufficient and it is not desirable from the point of performing a proper evaluation, 10 ~ It is desirable to use a ball of about 50 mm. As described above, a streamlined or smooth curved metal may be used instead of the ball. Further, the amount of overhang can be controlled by preparing balls of several sizes or controlling the mounting distance between the ball and the ball support base. The movable shaft can be moved up and down by a drive device such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. However, the air cylinder is advantageous from the viewpoints of economy, miniaturization and weight reduction of the device.
高さ800mの架台に内径250mm、高さ700mmの缶支持台4、4´を互いに外向きに設置し、その支持台にジグを介してクランプを取り付け、クランプ操作により、互いに外側に30mm程度、移動可能にし、800mm長の可動シャフトの先端に40mm径の鋼球を取り付け、鋼球の先端が缶体の20mm外側になる様に可動シャフトとエアシリンダーを架台に取り付けた装置を作製した。
また、板厚0.4mmのクロムめっき鋼板を所定の大きさに剪断し、スードロニック社製ワイヤーシーム溶接機を用いて、内径275mm、内高388mmの大型缶（めがね缶）を1缶作製した。この内5缶に対して本装置によるボールテストを行った結果、何れの缶体の溶接部に剥離やウキ（接合しているものの接合面積が十分無く、溶接部がめくれた状態）は全く認められなかった。残りの5缶を製缶ラインに戻し、エキスパンド加工、フランジ加工、底板取付加工等を行い、ペール缶を作製した。この缶に水を満杯に充填し蓋を取り付け、溶接部を観察した処、溶接部からの水洩れや溶接部の剥離は認められなかった。
更に、この水を充填した缶を1m高さから落下させ、溶接部の状態を確認した所、溶接部からの水洩れや溶接部の剥離は認められなかった。
Can support bases 4 and 4 'with an inner diameter of 250mm and a height of 700mm are installed outwardly on a 800m high base, and clamps are attached to the support bases via jigs. The device was made to be movable, and a steel ball with a diameter of 40 mm was attached to the tip of an 800 mm long movable shaft, and the movable shaft and air cylinder were attached to the gantry so that the tip of the steel ball was 20 mm outside the can body.
Further, a chromium-plated steel plate having a thickness of 0.4 mm was sheared to a predetermined size, and one large can (glass can) having an inner diameter of 275 mm and an inner height of 388 mm was produced using a wire seam welding machine manufactured by Sudronic. As a result of a ball test using this device on five of these cans, any welded part of the can body was not peeled off or was struck (the joined area was not enough and the welded part was turned up). I couldn't. The remaining 5 cans were returned to the can-making line, and expanded, flanged, and bottom plate attached, etc., to produce a pail can. When this can was filled with water, a lid was attached, and the weld was observed, no leakage of water from the weld or peeling of the weld was observed.
Further, when the can filled with water was dropped from a height of 1 m and the state of the welded portion was confirmed, water leakage from the welded portion and peeling of the welded portion were not observed.
高さ800mmの架台に内径255mm、高さ650mmの缶支持台4、4´を互いに外向きに設置し、その支持台にジグを会してクランプを取り付け、クランプ操作により、互いに外側に30mm程度、移動可能にし、700mm長の可動シャフトの先端に50mm径の鋼球を取り付け、鋼球の先端が缶体の25mm外側になる様に可動シャフトとエアシリンダーを架台に取り付けた装置を作製した。また、板厚0.5mmのクロムめっき鋼板を所定の大きさに剪断し、スードロニツク社製ワイヤーシーム溶接機を用いて、内径275mm、内高388mmの大型缶（めがね缶）を10缶作製した。この内5缶に対して本装置によるボールテストを行った結果、4缶体の溶接部の一部にウキが認められた。
残りの5缶を製缶ラインに戻し、エキスパンド加工、フランジ加工、底板取付加工等を行い、ペール缶を作製した。
この缶に水を満杯に充填し蓋を取り付け、溶接部を観察した処、溶接部からの水洩れや溶接部の剥離は認められなかった。更に、この水を充填した缶を1m高さから落下させ、溶接部の状態を確認した所、溶接部の剥離は認められなかったが、本装置でウキが認められた溶接部付近から水洩れが認められた。
Can support bases 4 and 4 'with an inner diameter of 255mm and a height of 650mm are installed outwards on a 800mm high base, and a clamp is attached to the support base and clamps are attached. The device was made to be movable, a steel ball with a diameter of 50 mm was attached to the tip of a 700 mm long movable shaft, and a movable shaft and an air cylinder were attached to the gantry so that the tip of the steel ball was 25 mm outside the can body. In addition, a chrome-plated steel plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm was sheared to a predetermined size, and 10 large cans (glass cans) having an inner diameter of 275 mm and an inner height of 388 mm were produced using a wire seam welding machine manufactured by Sudronick. As a result of a ball test using this apparatus on five of these cans, a portion of the welded part of the four can bodies was found to have a crack.
The remaining 5 cans were returned to the can-making line, and expanded, flanged, and bottom plate attached, etc., to produce a pail can.
When this can was filled with water, a lid was attached, and the weld was observed, no leakage of water from the weld or peeling of the weld was observed. Furthermore, when this can filled with water was dropped from a height of 1 m and the condition of the welded part was confirmed, peeling of the welded part was not observed, but water leaked from the vicinity of the welded part in which this device was found to be flaky. Was recognized.
高さ800mmの架台に内径255mm、高さ650mmの缶支持台4、4´を互いに外向きに設置し、その支持台にジグを介してクランプを取り付け、クランプ操作により、互いに外側に30mm程度、移動可能にし、700mm長の可動シャフトの先端に50mm径の鋼球を取り付け、鋼球の先端が缶体の25mm外側になる様に可動シャフトとェアシリンダーを架台に取り付けた装置を作製した。
また、板厚0.35mmのクロムめっき鋼板を所定の大きさに剪断し、スードロニツク社製ワイヤーシーム溶接機を用いて、内径275mm、内高388mmの大型缶（めがね缶）を10缶作製した。この内5缶に対して本装置によるボールテストを行った結果、全ての缶体の溶接部の一部に溶接部の剥離及びウキが認められた。残りの5缶を製缶ラインに戻し、エキスパンド加工、フランジ加工、底板取付加工等を行い、ペール缶を作製した所、エキスパンド加工或いはフランジ加工において、溶接剥離が認められた。
Can support bases 4 and 4 'with an inner diameter of 255mm and a height of 650mm are installed outward on an 800mm height base, and clamps are attached to the support bases via jigs. The device was made to be movable, a steel ball with a diameter of 50 mm was attached to the tip of a 700 mm long movable shaft, and a movable shaft and an air cylinder were attached to the gantry so that the tip of the steel ball was 25 mm outside the can body.
Further, a chrome-plated steel plate having a thickness of 0.35 mm was sheared to a predetermined size, and 10 large cans (glass cans) having an inner diameter of 275 mm and an inner height of 388 mm were produced using a wire seam welding machine manufactured by Sudronick. As a result of a ball test using the present apparatus on five of these cans, peeling and welding of the welds were observed in some of the welds of all the cans. The remaining five cans were returned to the can-making line, and expanded, flanged, and bottom plate attached, etc., to produce a pail can, and welding peeling was observed in the expanded or flanged process.
１ 架台
２ クランプ
３ シリンダー
４，４´ 缶支持台
５ ボール
６ 可動シャフト
７ 缶体
８ 溶接部
９ ボール支持台
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Clamp 3 Cylinder 4, 4 'Can support stand 5 Ball 6 Movable shaft 7 Can body 8 Welding part 9 Ball support stand
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