JP4204772B2 - 生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法 - Google Patents

生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法 Download PDF

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JP4204772B2
JP4204772B2 JP2001262476A JP2001262476A JP4204772B2 JP 4204772 B2 JP4204772 B2 JP 4204772B2 JP 2001262476 A JP2001262476 A JP 2001262476A JP 2001262476 A JP2001262476 A JP 2001262476A JP 4204772 B2 JP4204772 B2 JP 4204772B2
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drug
hap
collagen
hydroxyapatite
col
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進一 早乙女
寿公 植村
順三 田中
正紀 菊池
謙一 四宮
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
National Institute for Materials Science
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Priority to PCT/JP2002/008282 priority patent/WO2003020316A1/ja
Priority to EP02760639A priority patent/EP1421954A4/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ハイドロキシアパタイトとコラーゲン(HAp/Col)ナノ複合体に増殖因子、DNA酵素等の生理活性物質、又は薬剤を吸着させ、これらを生体内で局所的に放出する生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
現在までの一般的な薬剤徐放担体というものは、例えば、1)コラーゲンのように水分を保持する能力の高い材質に、薬剤を保持させ、それが生体内に移植されることにより、拡散し放出されるといったもの、2)ポリ乳酸等の生体分解性の生体材料に製造過程において薬剤を混合し、その生体材料の分解とともに放出されるといったもの等、が一般的である。
【0003】
上記の1)のコラーゲンを基剤とする注射的な投与が可能な長期徐放性製剤が知られている(特公平5−12328号公報、特公平5−71566号公報、特公平6−94418号公報、特開平8−34747号公報)。また、歯周組織における組織再生膜(GTR膜)、止血剤、骨補填剤、軟骨補填剤、硬組織細胞の三次元培養基材として用いられるコラーゲンリン酸カルシウム複合材料も知られている(特開平6−304242公報)。
【0004】
この複合材料はコラーゲンとリン酸カルシウム化合物をリン酸カルシウム溶液中で反応させた複合物を乾燥させて得られる。また、リン酸カルシウムとコラーゲンの共沈を行った後、得られた沈殿物を加圧成形することによって配向性の優れた人工骨等として用いられる複合材料の製造方法(特開平11−199209号公報)も知られている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
コラーゲンは水分保持能力が高く、多量の薬剤溶液を保持したまま、生体内に移植でき、さまざまなサイトカイン、増殖因子等の担体として実験等に使用されてきた。しかし、コラーゲンやゼラチン等の含水性ゲル状物質を用いた増殖因子の担体は、移植後の薬剤放出速度が早く比較的短期間しかその効果を発揮できないため、それら単独の担体では多量の増殖因子を使用しなければならない。
【0006】
また、ハイドロキシアパタイトは、骨誘導性が高い生体材料として広く利用され、ハイドロキシアパタイトからなる骨充填材を増殖因子の担体として使用する試みが数多くなされている。また、ハイドロキシアパタイトは非常に極性の強い結晶構造をとっておりタンパクやDNAと電気に親和性が高く、その結晶の表面に吸着することが知られており、生化学の分野では微結晶のハイドロキシアパタイトがクロマトグラフィーの材料として使用されてきた。
【0007】
しかし、クロマトグラフィーに使用されるような微結晶では生体材料として使用するには粉末状であり、実用的ではない。そのため、焼結体等が生体材料として使用されているが、これでは薬剤が吸着する面積が極端に減少してしまうため、薬剤の担体としては実用的ではない。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
HAp/Col複合体は、ハイドロキシアパタイトの微結晶とコラ一ゲンからなる複合体であり、増殖因子の吸着に有効なハイドロキシアパタイトの比表面積が約50〜300m/g程度と非常に大きく、かつ水分保持能力の高いコラーゲンを含んでいるため、該複合体を増殖因子を含む溶液に浸漬して取り出した場合、多量の増殖因子を吸着保持しうる。
【0009】
そして、高比表面積のハイドロキシアパタイトと増殖因子は強く結合するため、増殖因子の放出速度が遅く、生体内で長期的かつ局所的に増殖効果を持続できる。増殖因子以外に薬剤、DNA等の電気的に極性を持つ物質であればハイドロキシアパタイトの表面吸着能が高く、同様に該複合体に吸着保持させて、そのような物質の徐放性担体としても利用できる。
【0010】
すなわち、本発明は、水酸化カルシウムの懸濁液とコラーゲンを含んだリン酸水溶液を蒸留水に同時滴下し共沈させ、共沈物を加圧脱水して成形することにより比表面積50〜300m/gのハイドロキシアパタイト(HAp)結晶がコラーゲン(Col)線維の周りにC軸方向に配向して複合化したHAp/Colナノ複合体を合成し、該ナノ複合体を増殖因子、DNA酵素等の生理活性物質、又は薬剤を含むバッファー溶液に浸漬して取り出し、高比表面積のハイドロキシアパタイトの表面吸着能、コラーゲンの水分保持能力により該ナノ複合体に増殖因子、DNA酵素等の生理活性物質、又は薬剤を吸着させて保持させることを特徴とする、薬物を生体内で局所的に放出する担体としてHAp微結晶を使用する生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法である。
【0011】
本発明の製造方法において、含水性の高いグリコサミノグリカン(ヒアルロン酸・コンドロイチン硫酸・ケラタン硫酸等)またはハイドロゲルなどを生体内薬物徐放材料に複合化することにより増殖因子を封入した生体吸収性のカプセルとすることができる
【0012】
また、本発明の製造方法によって、生体内に注射的な投与が可能で注入後ゲル化することを特徴とする上記の生体内薬物徐放材料を得ることができる
【0013】
本発明に係わるHAp/Col複合体はハイドロキシアパタイトとコラーゲンを複合することにより得られた生体材料である。このHAp/Col複合体は、水酸化カルシウムの懸濁液とコラーゲンを含んだリン酸水溶液を蒸留水に同時滴下し共沈させ、共沈物を加圧脱水して成形することにより合成される。
【0014】
この方法で合成したHAp/Col複合体は、HAp結晶がCol線維の周りにC軸方向に配向し複合化したナノ複合体である。ハイドロキシアパタイトのBET法による比表面積が非常に大きく、約50〜300m2 /gである。また、HAp/Col複合体に含まれるハイドロキシアパタイトは結晶が小さい(クロマトグラフィーに使用されるものと同等、もしくはそれ以下)ため、薬物を含む溶液に浸漬して取り出すと多量の薬HApの表面に吸着することができ、かつコラーゲンに含まれた薬をもHApの表面に引き寄せ、その場にとどめる効果をもたらすことができる。これにより、HAp/Colナノ 複合体のHAp表面、Col表面及び両者の水和水中に増殖因子、DNA酵素等の生理活性物質、又は薬剤を保持させることができる。
【0015】
水分保持能力の高い材料と薬に親和性の高い材料を組み合わせることにより、薬の放出速度を遅くすることができ、増殖因子を生体内で長期的にかつ局所的に徐放できる。本発明の薬物徐放材料は2種類の材料を複合させることにより薬担体としての問題点を補い合い、長所を引き出し合っているといえる。
【0016】
本発明のHAp微結晶を担体として使用する薬物徐放材料は、組織工学において、細胞の増殖・分化を制御する増殖因子と細胞の増殖の場を提供する組織再生足場材料として利用できる。また、再生医学において、骨再生を促進する増殖因子・薬剤等を含んだ骨充填材料としての用途も有する。
【0017】
【実施例】
実施例1FGF2(繊維芽細胞増殖因子)担体としての利用直径12mm×0.5mmの円盤状のハイドロキシアパタイト/コラーゲン複合体(以下:「HAp/Col」と記載)プレートを用いた。HAp/Colプレートをリン酸バッファー溶液中で37℃、24時間静置した。続いてFGF2(−)群とFGF2(+)群の2群に分け、それぞれ下記のバッファー溶液4℃、72時間浸漬した。
【0018】
FGF2(−)群・・・5mlのTyrode溶液(血小板系免疫グロブリン検査用緩衝溶液)に浸漬。FGF2(+)群・・・5mlのTyrode+bFGF(20ng/ml)混合溶液に浸漬。各溶液からHAp/Colプレートを取り出し、純粋なTyrode溶液で3回洗浄して表面に存在するFGF2を除去した(3回目は45分間)。
【0019】
その後、6穴の培養プレートにHAp/Colプレートを置き、その細胞浮遊液(細胞:5×103 個/ml)を播種した。24時間後、10cm径の培養容器(1個につきl枚)に移し培地の量を20mlとして培養を行った。以降2日ごとに培地交換を行った。細胞播種後5日目に、細胞をプロピルヨードで染色し、共焦点顕微鏡で観察した。その結果、増殖因子を含まないFGF2(−)群では、細胞がほとんど増殖しなかった。
【0020】
一方、増殖因子を保持したFGF2(+)群では、細胞の旺盛な増殖が認められた。本複合体はFGF2の徐放担体として優れた特性を示すことが明らかになった。

Claims (1)

  1. 水酸化カルシウムの懸濁液とコラーゲンを含んだリン酸水溶液を蒸留水に同時滴下し共沈させ、共沈物を加圧脱水して成形することにより比表面積50〜300m/gのハイドロキシアパタイト(HAp)結晶がコラーゲン(Col)線維の周りにC軸方向に配向して複合化したHAp/Colナノ複合体を合成し、
    該ナノ複合体を増殖因子、DNA酵素等の生理活性物質、又は薬剤を含むバッファー溶液に浸漬して取り出し、
    高比表面積のハイドロキシアパタイトの表面吸着能、コラーゲンの水分保持能力により該ナノ複合体に増殖因子、DNA酵素等の生理活性物質、又は薬剤を吸着させて保持させることを特徴とする
    薬物を生体内で局所的に放出する担体としてHAp微結晶を使用する生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法
JP2001262476A 2001-08-30 2001-08-30 生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法 Expired - Lifetime JP4204772B2 (ja)

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JP2001262476A JP4204772B2 (ja) 2001-08-30 2001-08-30 生体内薬物徐放材料の製造方法
PCT/JP2002/008282 WO2003020316A1 (fr) 2001-08-30 2002-08-14 Matieres a liberation lente de medicament in vivo
EP02760639A EP1421954A4 (en) 2001-08-30 2002-08-14 SLOW DRUG DELIVERY MATERIALS I IN VIVO / I
US10/487,706 US20050031698A1 (en) 2001-08-30 2002-08-14 Materials sustainedly releasing drug in vivo

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WO2003020316A1 (fr) 2003-03-13
JP2003073304A (ja) 2003-03-12

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