JP4176260B2

JP4176260B2 - Crusher magnet device

Info

Publication number: JP4176260B2
Application number: JP30628699A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 直人岩本
Original assignee: オカダアイヨン株式会社
Priority date: 1999-10-28
Filing date: 1999-10-28
Publication date: 2008-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2019-10-28
Also published as: JP2001123674A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、油圧ショベルなどの作業台車に装着する破砕機において、本体フレーム内に永久磁石片を備えた磁石本体を収納し、該磁石本体によって鉄屑などを吸着回収する磁石装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
建物解体などに用いる破砕機は、油圧ショベルなどの作業台車に装着して操作性を高めるとともに、本体フレーム内に永久磁石体を収納し、該磁石体をフレーム側板の磁力透過面に向けて接近・離隔させる磁石装置を備える機種が販売されている。この種の破砕機に関する先行技術として、例えば特開平１０−１５９３５４号が存在する。
【０００３】
特開平１０−１５９３５４号に開示の磁石装置は、永久磁石体および該磁石体を収納する磁性体の箱状ヨークによって磁石本体を構成している。この磁石本体は、非磁性体のケース内に収納するとともに、油圧シリンダをケース上部に取り付け、該ケースを破砕機の本体フレーム内に固着する。この磁石本体は、ケース上部の油圧シリンダにより、底部が開口したケースハウジング内で昇降させ、破砕機の本体フレーム内で上下動させる。この磁石装置では、非磁性体のケース底板を透過する磁力線によって鉄屑を吸着回収できる。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記の磁石装置における永久磁石体は、吸着側の磁極端面が単一の磁極からなるため、ケース底板から放出される磁力線はあまり遠方には届かない。また、このケース底板は、破砕作業時の衝撃力に耐え且つ摩耗を防ぐために相当な厚板を使用し、このために被吸着物と磁石との距離が遠くなり、磁石体の磁力作用を十分に発揮できていない。この磁石装置では、吸引力と吸着力ともに十分な性能とするには相当に強力な磁石体を組み込むことを要する。
【０００５】
一般に、磁石体が鉄片を吸着するのは、異なる磁極間で引き合う磁力線の及ぶ範囲にある鉄片の内部分子が磁力線の方向に整列することにより、その鉄片が対応の磁石体の磁極と逆磁極になる結果、該磁石体に吸引されることである。したがって、磁石装置の吸着面が、単一の磁極であるよりも、複数の異なる磁極を所定の距離をおいて配置すれば、より強力な磁力線が広範囲に広がり強力な吸引力と吸着力が得られるものと予測できる。
【０００６】
本発明は、磁石装置に関する前記の問題点を改善し且つ前記の予測に基づいて提案されたものであり、破砕機に組み込む永久磁石体について、磁力線が遠方まで及び且つ磁石片の磁力を効率よく引き出して強力な吸引吸着力を得る磁石装置を提供することを目的としている。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る磁石装置は、油圧ショベルなどの作業台車に装着し且つ本体フレーム内で永久磁石体をフレーム側壁に向けて接近・離隔可能に収納する破砕機において、磁石本体には吸着面に向けて永久磁石片を適宜の間隔を隔てて複数本配置する。磁力線が透過する本体フレームの吸着面はフレーム開口部に取り付ける蓋板からなり、該蓋体は非磁性の板材であって、個々の磁極に対応させてその端面とほぼ一致する形状の磁性の板材を蓋板の切欠き部に配置している。
【０００８】
磁石装置において、磁石本体を構成する複数の永久磁石片は、吸着面に向けて交互に異なる磁極になるように適宜の間隔を隔てて複数本配置すると好ましい。この磁石本体について、各磁石片の表面は両端の磁石片を除いて隣接の２本が同じ磁極面になり、且つ磁石片が２本ずつで交互に異なる磁極面になるように配置するとともに、両端に位置する磁石片は内側の隣接磁石片と異なる磁極面になるように配列すると、磁力線をいっそう遠方にまで及ばせることが可能である。
【０００９】
フレーム開口部に取り付ける蓋板について、好ましくは、非磁性の板材は磁気を帯びない非磁性のステンレス鋼板であり、該板材の一部に嵌め込む磁性の板材は励磁と消磁の両方の特性に優れた鉄板である。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る磁石装置２０を取り付ける破砕機は、一般に片回動式の破砕機１であり、所望に応じて両回動式の破砕機または他の特殊な破砕機にも適用可能である。図１に示すように、破砕機１は、本体フレーム２と、固定アーム３と、回動アーム４と、該回動アームを開閉作動する油圧シリンダ７と、フレーム上端部に固着する取付ブラケット１０とで構成し、回動アーム４を開閉作動して、両アーム３，４で噛んだコンクリートなどを破砕できる。
【００１１】
本体フレーム２の下方部後方には、比較的広い矩形や円形平面などの開口部１４を形成し、該開口部から内部後方に空所１３を設けて磁石装置２０を配置する。蓋板３０は、開口部１４を塞ぐように取り付けてボルトなどで固定し、空所１３への異物や水の侵入を防ぎ、該蓋板の表面が磁力線の透過する吸着面１５となる。この磁石装置は、昇降シリンダを含む全部材を組み込んだユニット型でもよい。
【００１２】
磁石装置２０は、基本的には、磁石本体２１と、該磁石本体を蓋板３０に対して接近・離隔させる昇降シリンダ２４と、開口部１４に取り付けた蓋板３０とで構成する。昇降シリンダ２４は、磁石本体２１の背面および空所１３の上方内壁にそれぞれ取り付けたブラケット２２，２３にピン連結し、シリンダ２４以外の装置で磁石本体２１を昇降させてもよい。ガイドレール２５は、空所１３の両内側壁に固着し、磁石本体２１を蓋板３０に対して平行に支持するために用いる。このガイドレール２５には、ブラケット２２の左右側壁の一部が摺動可能に嵌合しても、シリンダ２４の下方連結ピンまたは磁石本体の左右側壁の一部が嵌合してもよい。
【００１３】
磁石本体２１において、図２と図３に示すように、矩形平面の磁石片収納ケースには、仕切り板２８ａによって適宜の間隔を隔てて複数個の平行溝部を形成し、各平行溝部の中に永久磁石片２７をおのおの収納する。永久磁石片２７は横長の直方体形状であり、細長い長方形の４側面における上下側面がそれぞれＳ極とＮ極とに分かれている。この収納ケースにおいて、仕切り板２８ａおよび周囲の枠２８は非磁性の材料で作製する。仕切り板２８ａと周囲の枠２８が非磁性であることにより、隣接した磁石片２７の干渉を避け、各磁石片の磁力線が吸着面１５とほぼ直交するように外側に放出されるようになる。
【００１４】
おのおのの永久磁石片２７は、磁極方向が吸着面１５に向けて交互に異なる磁極面となるように配置にすると、磁力線が遠方まで達して有効である。別の配置方法として、各磁石片２７の表面を両端の磁石片２７を除いて隣接の２本が同じ磁極面とし、且つ磁石片２７が２本ずつで交互に異なる磁極面になるように配置すると、隣接する２本の異なる磁極に磁力線が発生し、且つ隣接する２本の同じ磁極が反発し、この態様で交互に配列されることになるから、発生する磁力線がより遠方まで到達するようになる。この場合、両端に位置する磁石片２７は内側の隣接磁石片２７と異なる磁極面になるように配列する。
【００１５】
磁石装置２０の蓋板３０は、本体フレーム２の開口部１４を覆う非磁性の板材３１であり、その中央部分に形成した複数個の貫通切欠き部に磁性の板材３２，３３をそれぞれ嵌め込み固定し、この固定には溶接を用いても、蓋板を半割にして板材周壁を入れ子状に嵌め込んでもよい。磁性の板材３２，３３は、磁石本体が接近した際に磁極と対面する位置に嵌め込み固定され、その平面形状は対面する磁極とほぼ同じ形状である。
【００１６】
蓋板３０において、非磁性の板材３１は耐久性が高い素材であり、例えば非磁性ステンレス鋼板である。磁性の板材３２，３３は、励磁と消磁の両方の特性に優れた素材からなり、例えば鉄板などであればよい。中間の板材３３は、磁石本体２１における永久磁石片２７を２本ずつ同じ磁極で交互に異なる磁極になるように配置している場合には、図５に示すように各２本の同じ磁極の磁石片２７にまたがる広い幅に形成してもよい。
【００１７】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明は実施例に限定されるものではない。本発明に係る磁石装置を装着する破砕機には種々の形態があり、一例として図１に示す片回動式の破砕機１について説明する。
【００１８】
破砕機１は、１対の側板からなる本体フレーム２と、その下方から前方に向けて突出する固定アーム３と、フレーム２の下方部に基端をピン５で回転可能に枢着する回動アーム４とを備える。油圧シリンダ７は、回動アーム４の先端部とフレーム上方部にピン８，９でそれぞれ回転可能に連結し、フレーム２の上端部に固設し且つ作業台車への装着用ピン穴１１，１１を設けた取付ブラケット１０を有する。油圧シリンダ７には、作業台車の駆動用油圧ポンプから運転室の制御弁およびフレーム脇の油圧コネクション１２を介して、作動油を供給する。油圧シリンダ７を伸縮動させると、回動アーム４が固定アーム３に向け開閉することにより、破砕歯６でコンクリートを破砕できる。
【００１９】
磁石装置２０は、破砕機１におけるフレーム２の下方部後方に設置する。フレーム２の下方部後方には、比較的広い矩形平面の開口部１４を形成し、該開口部から内部後方に空所１３を設けて磁石装置２０を配置する。矩形平面の蓋板３０は、複数本のボルト３６によって開口部１４を塞ぐように取り付け、これによって空所１３への異物や水の侵入を防ぐ。蓋板３０の表面が、磁力線の透過する吸着面１５となる。
【００２０】
磁石装置２０は、矩形平面の磁石本体２１と、該磁石本体を蓋板３０に対して接近・離隔させる昇降シリンダ２４と、開口部１４に取り付けた蓋板３０とで構成する。昇降シリンダ２４は、磁石本体２１の基盤２６の背面に取り付けたブラケット２２とピン接続し、さらに空所１３の上方内壁に取り付けたブラケット２３にピンで連結する。ガイドレール２５は、空所１３の両内側壁に固着し、磁石本体２１を蓋板３０に対して平行且つ昇降可能に支持している。
【００２１】
磁石本体２１において、図２および図３に示すように、磁石片収納ケースは、矩形平面の基盤２６と、該基盤の周囲に角環状に取り付ける非磁性材料の枠２８と、枠２８内を複数個の平行溝部に区切る複数本の非磁性材料の仕切り板２８ａとで構成する。この収納ケースにおける多数の平行溝部の中に、横長の直方体形状の永久磁石片２７をおのおの収納し、各磁石片２７は細長い長方形の４側面における上下側面がそれぞれＳ極とＮ極とに分かれ、いずれも吸着面１５側を向いている。非磁性の薄板材であるカバー材２９は、磁石本体２１前面全体を覆うように装着して固定する。
【００２２】
各磁石片２７の表面配置は、両端の磁石片を除いて隣接の２本が同じ磁極面になり、且つ磁石片２７が２本ずつで交互に異なる磁極面になるように配置する。両端に位置する磁石片２７，２７は、内側の隣接磁石片２７と異なる磁極面になるように配列する。図２において、吸着面１５に向く各磁石片２７の端面２７ａの磁極配列は、左から右へＳ，Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｓ，Ｓ，Ｎ極またはＮ，Ｓ，Ｓ，Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｓ極であり、中間部分が同じ磁極で磁極対が交互に配置されているため、各磁石片２７の相互作用によって磁力が強化され、磁力線がいっそう遠方にまで到達する。
【００２３】
磁力が透過する吸着面１５となる蓋板３０は、図４および図５に示すように、本体フレーム２の開口部１４を覆う非磁性ステンレス製の板材３１からなり、その中央部分に形成した複数個の切欠き部に励磁と消磁の両特性に優れた鉄製などの板材３２，３３を水平に嵌め込んで固定する。このため、個々の板材３２，３３は、嵌め込むべき切り欠き部とほぼ同じ平面形状である。蓋板３０には、その周囲に開口部１４に取り付けるボルト穴３５を複数個形成するとともに、該蓋板の外側面に非磁性の薄い保護板３４を装着・固定する。
【００２４】
励磁と消磁の両方の特性に優れた鉄製の板材３２，３３は、磁石本体２１が近接した際にその磁極面と対面する位置に配置しており、その平面形状は対面する磁極面とほぼ同じである。中間の板材３３は、磁石本体２１における同磁極の磁石片２本ずつの平面配置に合わせた広さを有し、両端の板材３２は単一の磁石片の磁極端面に合致するように狭くしている。
【００２５】
蓋板３０の板材３２，３３は、磁石本体２１が接近した際に、各磁石片２７の磁極端面と接して励磁されるので、磁石片２７の端部が蓋板３０の外側面まで伸びたような態様となり、各板材３２，３３の下面から磁力線を直接放出することになる。この放出作用により、いっそう強力な磁力が外部に対して作用するうえに、磁力線がはるかに遠方まで到達し、離れた位置の鉄片を効率よく吸引吸着することができる。
【００２６】
磁石装置２０では、破砕機１の回動アーム４を開閉する油圧シリンダ７の両端油室と昇降シリンダ２４の両端油室とをホース（図示しない）を介して連通し、回動アーム４の開閉作動に連動して昇降シリンダ２４が伸縮作動する。鉄屑の回収作業をしないときは、磁石本体２１を上昇端の位置（図１の二点鎖線参照）に移動し、前記ホースの途中に設けた手動弁（図示しない）を閉じると、磁石本体２１の動きを停止して静止させることができる。
【００２７】
磁石装置２０で鉄屑回収作業を行うときは、前記手動弁を開き、回動アーム４の開閉作動に連動して昇降シリンダ２４を伸縮させ、これによって磁石本体２１をガイドレール２５に沿って蓋板３０に対して接近・離隔させる。磁石本体２１が回動アーム４の開動作とともに下降すると、蓋板３０を透過する磁力によって鉄片を吸着面１５に吸引吸着する。つぎに作業台車の操作で破砕機１を所定の位置まで移動し、回動アーム４の閉動作で磁石本体２１を上昇させると、吸着した鉄片が所定の位置に落下する。
【００２８】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る磁石装置は、複数本の永久磁石における磁極が適宜の間隔を隔てて配置されることにより、従来の磁石装置のような単一の磁極の場合とは異なり、両磁極間を亘る磁力線が遠方まで及び、強力な吸引力を得ることができる。この際に、鉄屑などの被吸着物は、異なる磁極間にまたがって強力且つ安定して吸着されることになり、吸着後の搬送操作の途中において振動を受けても容易に落下することがない。
【００２９】
本発明の磁石装置では、磁力線が透過する蓋板を非磁性の板材で構成するとともに、磁性の板材を永久磁石片の磁極端面とほぼ一致する平面形状に配置することにより、磁力線がこの磁性の板材に導かれて外部に放出され、磁力線を吸着面の外側に効率よく引き出すことができる。この磁性の板材は、実質的に磁極端面の役割を果たすため、結果として磁石片を被吸着物に近づけて直接吸着することと同じとなり、磁石片をいっそう強力にした場合と同等の作用効果を得ることができる。
【００３０】
本発明の磁石装置のように、磁石本体を複数本の小型磁石片で構成すると、該装置の組立てや修理が容易であり、磁石片の組み合わせを変更していっそう強力な磁力を得ることも随意である。この磁石装置は、磁石片の数を増減することにより、小型から大型の破砕機まで同じ磁石片が利用でき、磁石片の大量生産によるコスト節減という利点もある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る磁石装置を組み込んだ破砕機を一部切り欠いて示す全体側面図である。
【図２】磁石装置の磁石本体を図３のＡ−Ａ線に沿って切断した横断面図である。
【図３】保護カバーの一部を切り欠いて示す磁石本体の底面図である。
【図４】磁石装置の蓋板について中間部を断面で示す側面図である。
【図５】図４に示す蓋板の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
１破砕機
２本体フレーム
１４開口部
１５吸着面
２０磁石装置
２１磁石本体
２７永久磁石片
２７ａ磁極端面
３０蓋板
３１非磁性の板材
３２，３３磁性の板材[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a magnet apparatus that accommodates a magnet body having a permanent magnet piece in a main body frame and attracts and collects iron scraps and the like by a magnet body in a crusher mounted on a work carriage such as a hydraulic excavator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A crusher used for building demolition etc. is mounted on a work cart such as a hydraulic excavator to improve operability, and a permanent magnet body is housed in the main body frame, and the magnet body is approached toward the magnetic force transmission surface of the frame side plate.・ Models with magnet devices that are separated are sold. As a prior art relating to this type of crusher, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-159354 exists.
[0003]
In the magnet apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-159354, a magnet body is constituted by a permanent magnet body and a box yoke of a magnetic body that houses the magnet body. The magnet body is housed in a non-magnetic case, and a hydraulic cylinder is attached to the upper part of the case, and the case is fixed in the body frame of the crusher. The magnet body is moved up and down in a case housing with an open bottom by a hydraulic cylinder at the top of the case, and is moved up and down in the body frame of the crusher. In this magnet device, iron scraps can be adsorbed and recovered by the magnetic lines of force that pass through the nonmagnetic case bottom plate.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the permanent magnet body in the above-described magnet device, the magnetic pole end surface on the attracting side is composed of a single magnetic pole, so that the magnetic lines of force emitted from the case bottom plate do not reach so far. In addition, this case bottom plate uses a considerable thickness plate to withstand the impact force during the crushing work and prevent wear. For this reason, the distance between the object to be adsorbed and the magnet is increased, and the magnetic action of the magnet body is sufficient. I have not been able to demonstrate. In this magnet apparatus, it is necessary to incorporate a considerably strong magnet body in order to obtain sufficient performance in terms of both attractive force and attractive force.
[0005]
In general, a magnet body adsorbs an iron piece by aligning the internal molecules of the iron piece within the range of magnetic lines attracted between different magnetic poles in the direction of the magnetic field line, so that the iron piece becomes a magnetic pole and a reverse magnetic pole of the corresponding magnet body. As a result, the magnet body is attracted. Therefore, if the attracting surface of the magnet device is a single magnetic pole, if a plurality of different magnetic poles are arranged at a predetermined distance, stronger magnetic lines of force spread over a wide range and a strong attractive force and attractive force can be obtained. Can be predicted.
[0006]
The present invention has been proposed on the basis of the above prediction and the above-mentioned problems relating to the magnet device, and the permanent magnet body incorporated in the crusher has a magnetic field line extending far away, and the magnetic force of the magnet piece is efficiently increased. An object of the present invention is to provide a magnet device that can be pulled out to obtain a strong attractive attraction force.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a magnet apparatus according to the present invention is a crusher that is mounted on a work carriage such as a hydraulic excavator and stores a permanent magnet body in a main body frame toward a frame side wall so that the permanent magnet body can be approached and separated. A plurality of permanent magnet pieces are arranged on the magnet body at an appropriate interval toward the attracting surface. The attracting surface of the main body frame through which the lines of magnetic force pass is composed of a cover plate attached to the frame opening, and the cover body is a non-magnetic plate material, and a magnetic plate material having a shape substantially corresponding to the end surface corresponding to each magnetic pole Is arranged in the notch of the cover plate.
[0008]
In the magnet device, it is preferable that a plurality of permanent magnet pieces constituting the magnet body are arranged at appropriate intervals so as to be alternately different magnetic poles toward the attracting surface. About this magnet body, the surface of each magnet piece is arranged so that two adjacent pieces are the same magnetic pole surface except for the magnet pieces at both ends, and the magnet pieces are alternately different magnetic pole surfaces by two pieces, If the magnet pieces located at both ends are arranged so as to have different magnetic pole faces from the inner adjacent magnet pieces, it is possible to extend the magnetic field lines farther away.
[0009]
For the cover plate attached to the frame opening, preferably, the non-magnetic plate material is a non-magnetic stainless steel plate that is not magnetized, and the magnetic plate material that is fitted into a part of the plate material is excellent in both excitation and demagnetization characteristics. Iron plate.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The crusher to which the magnet device 20 according to the present invention is attached is generally a one-turn crusher 1 and can be applied to a both-rotation crusher or other special crushers as desired. As shown in FIG. 1, the crusher 1 includes a main body frame 2, a fixed arm 3, a rotating arm 4, a hydraulic cylinder 7 that opens and closes the rotating arm, and a mounting bracket 10 that is fixed to the upper end of the frame. The concrete that is bitten by both arms 3 and 4 can be crushed by opening and closing the rotating arm 4.
[0011]
An opening 14 such as a relatively wide rectangle or a circular plane is formed at the rear of the lower part of the main body frame 2, and a magnet device 20 is disposed by providing a space 13 at the inner rear of the opening. The cover plate 30 is attached so as to close the opening 14 and fixed with a bolt or the like, prevents foreign matter or water from entering the space 13, and the surface of the cover plate becomes the adsorption surface 15 through which the lines of magnetic force are transmitted. This magnet device may be a unit type in which all members including the lifting cylinder are incorporated.
[0012]
The magnet device 20 basically includes a magnet body 21, a lifting cylinder 24 that moves the magnet body toward and away from the lid plate 30, and a lid plate 30 attached to the opening 14. The elevating cylinder 24 may be pin-connected to brackets 22 and 23 attached to the back surface of the magnet body 21 and the upper inner wall of the space 13, and the magnet body 21 may be raised and lowered by a device other than the cylinder 24. The guide rails 25 are fixed to both inner side walls of the space 13 and are used to support the magnet body 21 in parallel to the lid plate 30. A part of the left and right side walls of the bracket 22 may be slidably fitted to the guide rail 25, or a lower connecting pin of the cylinder 24 or a part of the left and right side walls of the magnet body may be fitted.
[0013]
In the magnet body 21, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a rectangular flat magnet piece storage case is formed with a plurality of parallel groove portions at appropriate intervals by a partition plate 28a, and the parallel groove portions are formed in each parallel groove portion. Each permanent magnet piece 27 is stored. The permanent magnet piece 27 has a horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the upper and lower side surfaces of the four side surfaces of the elongated rectangle are divided into an S pole and an N pole, respectively. In this storage case, the partition plate 28a and the surrounding frame 28 are made of a nonmagnetic material. Since the partition plate 28a and the surrounding frame 28 are non-magnetic, interference between adjacent magnet pieces 27 is avoided, and the magnetic lines of force of each magnet piece are released to the outside so as to be substantially orthogonal to the attracting surface 15.
[0014]
If the permanent magnet pieces 27 are arranged so that the magnetic pole directions are alternately different from each other toward the attracting surface 15, the magnetic field lines reach far and are effective. As another arrangement method, the surface of each magnet piece 27 is arranged so that two adjacent pieces have the same magnetic pole surface except for the magnet pieces 27 at both ends, and the two magnet pieces 27 are alternately different magnetic pole faces. Then, magnetic field lines are generated in two adjacent different magnetic poles, and two adjacent magnetic poles repel each other and are arranged alternately in this manner, so that the generated magnetic field lines reach farther. become. In this case, the magnet pieces 27 located at both ends are arranged so as to have different magnetic pole faces from the inner adjacent magnet pieces 27.
[0015]
The lid plate 30 of the magnet device 20 is a non-magnetic plate material 31 that covers the opening 14 of the main body frame 2, and magnetic plate materials 32 and 33 are respectively fitted and fixed to a plurality of through-cut portions formed in the central portion thereof. For this fixing, welding may be used, or the cover plate may be divided in half and the peripheral wall of the plate material may be nested. The magnetic plates 32 and 33 are fitted and fixed at positions facing the magnetic poles when the magnet main body approaches, and the planar shape thereof is substantially the same as the facing magnetic poles.
[0016]
In the lid plate 30, the nonmagnetic plate material 31 is a highly durable material, for example, a nonmagnetic stainless steel plate. The magnetic plates 32 and 33 are made of a material excellent in both excitation and demagnetization characteristics, and may be, for example, an iron plate. In the case where the intermediate plate member 33 is arranged so that two permanent magnet pieces 27 in the magnet main body 21 are alternately different magnetic poles by the same magnetic pole, each of the two same magnetic poles as shown in FIG. You may form in the wide width which straddles the magnet piece 27. FIG.
[0017]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. There are various types of crushers equipped with the magnet device according to the present invention. As an example, a one-turn crusher 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
[0018]
The crusher 1 has a main body frame 2 composed of a pair of side plates, a fixed arm 3 projecting forward from the lower side thereof, and a pivoting pivotally pivoted by a pin 5 at a lower portion of the frame 2. Arm 4 is provided. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is rotatably connected to the tip end portion of the rotating arm 4 and the upper portion of the frame by pins 8 and 9, fixed to the upper end portion of the frame 2, and pin holes 11 and 11 for mounting to the work carriage. The mounting bracket 10 is provided. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is supplied with hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pump for driving the work carriage via a control valve in the cab and a hydraulic connection 12 beside the frame. When the hydraulic cylinder 7 is expanded and contracted, the rotating arm 4 opens and closes toward the fixed arm 3, whereby the concrete can be crushed by the crushing teeth 6.
[0019]
The magnet device 20 is installed behind the lower part of the frame 2 in the crusher 1. A relatively wide rectangular plane opening 14 is formed at the rear of the lower part of the frame 2, and the magnet device 20 is disposed by providing a void 13 at the inner rear of the opening. The rectangular flat cover plate 30 is attached so as to close the opening 14 with a plurality of bolts 36, thereby preventing foreign matter and water from entering the space 13. The surface of the cover plate 30 becomes the adsorption surface 15 through which the magnetic lines of force pass.
[0020]
The magnet device 20 includes a rectangular flat magnet body 21, a lifting cylinder 24 that moves the magnet body toward and away from the lid plate 30, and a lid plate 30 attached to the opening 14. The elevating cylinder 24 is pin-connected to a bracket 22 attached to the back surface of the base 26 of the magnet body 21, and is further connected to a bracket 23 attached to the upper inner wall of the space 13 with a pin. The guide rail 25 is fixed to both inner side walls of the space 13 and supports the magnet main body 21 so as to be movable up and down in parallel with the lid plate 30.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the magnet body 21, the magnet piece storage case includes a rectangular flat base 26, a non-magnetic material frame 28 attached in an annular shape around the base, and a plurality of frames 28. And a plurality of non-magnetic material partition plates 28a divided into parallel groove portions. In each of the parallel grooves in the storage case, horizontally long rectangular parallelepiped permanent magnet pieces 27 are stored, and the upper and lower side surfaces of each of the magnet pieces 27 are divided into S poles and N poles on the four sides of the elongated rectangle, All face the suction surface 15 side. The cover material 29, which is a non-magnetic thin plate material, is mounted and fixed so as to cover the entire front surface of the magnet body 21.
[0022]
The surface arrangement of each magnet piece 27 is so arranged that two adjacent pieces are the same magnetic pole surface except for the magnet pieces at both ends, and two magnet pieces 27 are alternately different magnetic pole faces. The magnet pieces 27, 27 located at both ends are arranged so as to have different magnetic pole surfaces from the inner adjacent magnet piece 27. In FIG. 2, the magnetic pole arrangement of the end surface 27a of each magnet piece 27 facing the attracting surface 15 is S, N, N, S, S, N pole or N, S, S, N, N, S pole from left to right. Since the magnetic pole pairs are alternately arranged with the same magnetic pole in the middle portion, the magnetic force is strengthened by the interaction of the magnet pieces 27, and the magnetic field lines reach farther away.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cover plate 30 serving as the attracting surface 15 through which the magnetic force is transmitted is made of a nonmagnetic stainless steel plate 31 covering the opening 14 of the main body frame 2, and is formed at the center portion thereof. Plate members 32 and 33 made of iron or the like excellent in both excitation and demagnetization characteristics are horizontally fitted and fixed in the notches. For this reason, each board | plate material 32 and 33 is the substantially same planar shape as the notch part which should be fitted. A plurality of bolt holes 35 to be attached to the opening 14 are formed around the cover plate 30, and a non-magnetic thin protective plate 34 is attached and fixed to the outer surface of the cover plate.
[0024]
The iron plates 32 and 33 excellent in both excitation and demagnetization characteristics are arranged at positions facing the magnetic pole surface when the magnet main body 21 comes close, and the planar shape thereof is substantially the same as the facing magnetic pole surface. It is. The intermediate plate member 33 has a width corresponding to the planar arrangement of two magnet pieces of the same magnetic pole in the magnet body 21, and the plate members 32 at both ends are narrowed so as to match the magnetic pole end surfaces of a single magnet piece. ing.
[0025]
Since the plate members 32 and 33 of the cover plate 30 are excited in contact with the magnetic pole end surfaces of the magnet pieces 27 when the magnet body 21 approaches, the end portions of the magnet pieces 27 extend to the outer surface of the cover plate 30. Thus, the lines of magnetic force are directly emitted from the lower surfaces of the plate members 32 and 33. By this releasing action, a stronger magnetic force acts on the outside, and the magnetic lines of force reach far away, so that the iron pieces at a distant position can be efficiently attracted and adsorbed.
[0026]
In the magnet device 20, the oil chambers at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 7 that opens and closes the rotating arm 4 of the crusher 1 and the oil chambers at both ends of the elevating cylinder 24 are connected via a hose (not shown) to open and close the rotating arm 4. The elevating cylinder 24 expands and contracts in conjunction with the operation. When not collecting iron scraps, the magnet body 21 is moved to the position of the rising end (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1) and the manual valve (not shown) provided in the middle of the hose is closed. The movement of 21 can be stopped and stopped.
[0027]
When performing the iron scrap collection work with the magnet device 20, the manual valve is opened, and the lifting cylinder 24 is expanded and contracted in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the rotating arm 4, whereby the magnet body 21 is covered along the guide rail 25. Approach and separate from the plate 30. When the magnet body 21 descends with the opening operation of the rotating arm 4, the iron piece is attracted and attracted to the attracting surface 15 by the magnetic force transmitted through the cover plate 30. Next, when the crusher 1 is moved to a predetermined position by the operation of the work carriage and the magnet body 21 is raised by the closing operation of the rotating arm 4, the attracted iron piece falls to the predetermined position.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
Unlike the case of a single magnetic pole as in the conventional magnet apparatus, the magnet apparatus according to the present invention extends between both magnetic poles by arranging the magnetic poles in a plurality of permanent magnets at an appropriate interval. The magnetic field lines extend far away, and a strong attractive force can be obtained. At this time, the object to be adsorbed such as iron scrap is strongly and stably adsorbed across different magnetic poles, and can easily fall even if it receives vibration during the conveyance operation after adsorption. Absent.
[0029]
In the magnet device of the present invention, the cover plate through which the magnetic lines of force are transmitted is made of a non-magnetic plate material, and the magnetic plate material is arranged in a planar shape substantially coinciding with the magnetic pole end surface of the permanent magnet piece, so that the magnetic lines of force are magnetic. It is guided to the plate material and released to the outside, and the magnetic field lines can be efficiently drawn outside the attracting surface. Since this magnetic plate substantially serves as a magnetic pole end face, the result is the same as directly attracting the magnet piece closer to the object to be attracted, and the same effect as when the magnet piece is made stronger. Obtainable.
[0030]
If the magnet body is composed of a plurality of small magnet pieces as in the magnet device of the present invention, the device can be easily assembled and repaired, and it is also possible to obtain a stronger magnetic force by changing the combination of the magnet pieces. It is. By increasing or decreasing the number of magnet pieces, this magnet device can use the same magnet pieces from small to large crushers, and has an advantage of cost saving by mass production of magnet pieces.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a crusher incorporating a magnet device according to the present invention with a part cut away.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the magnet body of the magnet device taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the magnet body shown with a part of the protective cover cut away.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a cross-section of an intermediate portion of the lid plate of the magnet device.
5 is a plan view of the lid plate shown in FIG. 4. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crusher 2 Main body frame 14 Opening part 15 Adsorption surface 20 Magnet apparatus 21 Magnet main body 27 Permanent magnet piece 27a Magnetic pole end surface 30 Cover plate 31 Nonmagnetic plate materials 32 and 33 Magnetic plate material

Claims

作業台車に装着し且つ本体フレーム内で永久磁石体をフレーム側壁に向けて接近・離隔可能に収納する破砕機において、磁石本体には吸着面に向けて永久磁石片を適宜の間隔を隔てて複数本配置し、一方、磁力線が透過する本体フレームの吸着面はフレーム開口部に取り付ける蓋板からなり、該蓋体は非磁性の板材であって、個々の磁極に対応させてその端面とほぼ一致する形状の磁性の板材を蓋板の切欠き部に配置している破砕機の磁石装置。In a crusher that is mounted on a work carriage and stores a permanent magnet body in the main body frame so as to be close to or away from the side wall of the frame, the magnet body has a plurality of permanent magnet pieces at appropriate intervals toward the attracting surface. On the other hand, the attracting surface of the main body frame through which magnetic lines of force are transmitted consists of a cover plate attached to the opening of the frame, and the cover is a non-magnetic plate material and substantially coincides with its end face corresponding to each magnetic pole A magnet device for a crusher in which a magnetic plate material having a shape to be arranged is arranged in a notch portion of a lid plate.

作業台車に装着し且つ本体フレーム内で永久磁石体をフレーム側壁に向けて接近・離隔可能に収納する破砕機において、磁石本体には吸着面に向けて交互に異なる磁極の永久磁石片を適宜の間隔を隔てて複数本配置し、一方、磁力線が透過する本体フレームの吸着面はフレーム開口部に取り付ける蓋板からなり、該蓋体は非磁性の板材であって、個々の磁極に対応させてその端面とほぼ一致する形状の磁性の板材を蓋板の切欠き部に嵌め込み固定している破砕機の磁石装置。In a crusher that is mounted on a work carriage and stores the permanent magnet body in the main body frame so as to be close to and away from the side wall of the frame, permanent magnet pieces having different magnetic poles alternately directed toward the attracting surface are appropriately disposed on the magnet body. The adsorption surface of the main body frame through which magnetic lines of force are transmitted is composed of a cover plate attached to the frame opening, and the cover is a non-magnetic plate material corresponding to each magnetic pole. A magnet device for a crusher in which a magnetic plate material having a shape substantially coincident with the end face is fitted and fixed in a notch portion of a lid plate.

複数の磁石片で構成する磁石本体について、各磁石片の表面配置は両端の磁石片を除いて隣接の２本が同じ磁極面になり、且つ磁石片が２本ずつで交互に異なる磁極面になるように配置するとともに、両端に位置する磁石片は内側の隣接磁石片と異なる磁極面になるように配列する請求項１または請求項２に記載の磁石装置。Regarding the magnet body composed of a plurality of magnet pieces, the surface arrangement of each magnet piece is the same magnetic pole face except for the magnet pieces at both ends, and the two magnet pieces are alternately different magnetic pole faces. The magnet device according to claim 1, wherein the magnet pieces are arranged so that the magnet pieces located at both ends are arranged so as to have different magnetic pole faces from the inner adjacent magnet pieces.

蓋板において、非磁性の板材は磁気を帯びないステンレス鋼板であり、該板材の一部に嵌め込む磁性の板材は励磁と消磁の両方の特性に優れた鉄板である請求項１または請求項２に記載の磁石装置。3. The lid plate according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetic plate material is a non-magnetic stainless steel plate, and the magnetic plate material fitted into a part of the plate material is an iron plate excellent in both excitation and demagnetization characteristics. The magnet apparatus as described in.