JP4170820B2 - Ladder support device and ladder having the same - Google Patents

Ladder support device and ladder having the same Download PDF

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JP4170820B2
JP4170820B2 JP2003151540A JP2003151540A JP4170820B2 JP 4170820 B2 JP4170820 B2 JP 4170820B2 JP 2003151540 A JP2003151540 A JP 2003151540A JP 2003151540 A JP2003151540 A JP 2003151540A JP 4170820 B2 JP4170820 B2 JP 4170820B2
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ladder
support member
arm
support device
support
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JP2004353266A (en
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許弘 中尾
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株式会社ナカオ
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、その使用時において設置姿勢を安定に保持させて高所作業などを安全に行うための梯子支持装置及びそれを具備した作業用梯子や梯子兼用脚立などを含む梯子に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、建物の屋根や壁面などに立てかけて作業するための梯子を安定して支持する装置として種々のものが提案されており、例えば、以下のような技術のものが開示されている。
【0003】
特許文献1には、梯子の左右側桿に着脱自在に取り付けられる取付枠に、屋根面に係止せしめる鉤状の継合桿を昇降スライド自在に設け、この継合桿のスライド部と取付枠のガイド部とに紐の引動により継合桿を取付枠に対して昇降せしめる昇降機構を設けた掛梯子安定装置が記載されている。
【0004】
特許文献2には、梯子に固定する側面に壁面保持部固定ピンを挿入するための複数個の穴を有する壁面保持部固定金物と壁面保持部支持金物を介して、梯子の支柱と家屋の壁面との間に取り付ける長さが伸縮自在な壁面保持部と、梯子の上端部に、上端保持固定金物と上端保持部支持金物を介して、屋根の傾斜に応じて上下方向に移動可能に取り付ける上端保持部との組み合わせからなる梯子の保持機構が記載されている。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
実開昭58−141099号公報
【0006】
【特許文献2】
実開昭63−165100号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記従来の技術のものでは以下のような課題があった。
(a)特許文献1及び2に記載のものは、これらの梯子支持機構が梯子脚柱の外側面に突設されているので、これらの部材をトラックなどの狭い荷台などに載せて搬送する際などの収納性が悪く、また、梯子からはみだした部分が搬送中に周囲とぶつかりあって破損しやすいなどの搬送性に欠けるという課題があった。
(b)これら梯子支持機構を梯子幅間に収納させた場合には、屋根や壁面に当接される梯子支持機構の幅がこの梯子の幅に限定されるので、屋根などの設定面に対する座りなどの安定性が悪いという課題があった。
(c)特に、特許文献1に記載のものでは、屋根面に湾曲して載置される支持部材や昇降機などを要するので全体をコンパクトに収納して運搬することができずハンドリング性や収納性に欠けるという課題があった。
(d)特許文献2に記載のものでは、梯子の上下二ヶ所に上端保持部と壁面保持部とを取り付け、それぞれの固定金物を介して固定するようにしているので、屋根と壁面との位置関係を考慮して微細に長さや角度を設定する作業が煩雑で、汎用性に欠けるという課題があった。
【0008】
本発明は前記従来の課題を解決するためになされたもので、その運用時における設置安定性と設定の容易性に優れた梯子支持装置を提供すると共に、運搬時などにおける携帯性や収納性、ハンドリング性に優れた作業用梯子や梯子兼用脚立などの梯子を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
(1)前記従来の課題を解決するためになされた本発明の梯子支持装置は、梯子の梯子脚柱の内側面にその基端側が固定又は着脱自在に取り付けられて、前記梯子が立て掛けられる建物などの屋根面、壁面、軒下面、雨樋部、庇部、コーナー部、ベランダ柵、植木部、電柱や鋼管などに載置して前記梯子を支持することができる梯子支持装置であって、前記梯子が立て掛けられる建物などの屋根面や壁面に載置される面支持部材と、前記面支持部材を支持してその基端側が左右一対の梯子脚柱の内側面にそれぞれ回動自在に軸支されるアーム部材と、を備え、前記アーム部材は、前記梯子脚柱に取り付けられる基台部と、この基台部の面に対して所定の傾斜角度を有して環状噛合部が形成される回動面と、前記梯子脚柱の内側面又は外側面の法線方向に対して前記傾斜角度を有して配置される傾斜回動軸と、を備えたアーム取付部材と、前記環状噛合部に離接可能に当接して嵌装される噛合部を有し、前記傾斜回動軸に嵌合して取付けられる基端受部材を備え、先側に前記面支持部材が配置される支持部材と、前記環状噛合部及び前記噛合部間を緩締させて当該アーム部材を前記梯子脚柱に対して所定回動角度に設定する緩締用把持部と、を備え、前記アーム部材を前記梯子脚柱間に収納可能とするとともに、前記傾斜回動軸を軸として回動させたときに、前記アーム部材の先端に取付けられた前記面支持部材を逆八の字状に開脚可能としている。これによって、前記アーム部材を前記梯子脚柱間に収納可能であり、かつ左右のアーム部材を回動させることにより、それぞれの先端間が逆八の字状に開いた状態に拡開させて屋根面や壁面、基床面などに当接させて配置することができるので、梯子支持装置で支持される梯子をより安定に支持でき、高所作業などにおける安全性を確保できる。そして、保管時や運搬時には梯子支持装置が梯子脚柱間にコンパクトに収納できるので、携帯性や収納運搬性に優れている。
(2)本発明の梯子支持装置は、前記(1)において、前記支持部材は、前記面支持部材をその先端側に伸縮させて長さ設定可能とした伸縮機構を備えることを特徴とする。これによって、アームの伸長の程度を調整することができ、設置安定性と設定の容易性に優れる。
(3)本発明の梯子支持装置は、前記(1)又は(2)において、前記傾斜角度を、5〜45度の範囲に設定したことを特徴とする。傾斜角度が5度より少なくなるとアーム部材を傾斜回動軸を中心として回動させたときに、その先端側の開脚度合いが不足するために梯子を安定状態に保持させることが困難となり、逆に傾斜角度が45度を超えるように設定すると梯子支持装置を梯子脚柱間にコンパクトに収納させることが困難になるからである。
(4)本発明の梯子支持装置は、前記(1)〜(3)において、前記面支持部材が、球体状に形成されたプラスチックやゴムなどの滑り防止体を備えていることを特徴とする。これによって、面支持部材が載置される屋根面などの相手部材がどのような形状であっても、梯子を安定して支持することができる。
(5)本発明の梯子は、前記(1)〜(4)の梯子支持装置が、その梯子本体が重なった状態からスライドして多連伸縮するかもしくは伸縮機構を備えた脚部が伸縮して高さ調節可能に設けられた左右一対の梯子脚柱の内側面に着脱自在に又は固定して取り付けられて構成される。これによって、屋根面や壁面、基床面、地盤面などに対して設置される梯子を梯子支持装置を介して確実かつ安定に支持できる。また、梯子支持装置を梯子脚柱の内側面に設けた場合は、梯子の保管時や運搬時には梯子支持装置を梯子脚柱間に収納でき収納運搬性やハンドリング性に優れている。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
(実施の形態1)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る梯子支持装置を具備した梯子の正面図であり、図2は、同梯子支持装置の正面図であり、図3は、同梯子支持装置の平面断面図である。
【0011】
図1において、10は実施の形態1の梯子支持装置を具備した梯子、11、12は梯子10の左右一対の梯子脚柱、13は梯子脚柱11、12間を連結して多段に配置された踏桟、20、20aは梯子脚柱11、12上部の内側面にそれぞれ対向して配置された一対の梯子支持装置である。
【0012】
なお、以下に述べる本実施の形態においては、梯子支持装置20、20aを梯子脚柱11、12の内側面に対向して配置した場合について説明するが、この梯子支持装置は梯子脚柱の内側面に限らず、その外側面に配置して用いることもできる。さらに、梯子支持装置を梯子の下部に設けることによって、その角度及び長さが調整が可能なアウトリガーとして機能させることもできる。
【0013】
梯子10の梯子脚柱11、12の下端側は八の字状に開脚して形成し、地面などに安定して載置される基脚部14としている。梯子脚柱11、12はそれぞれが前後に2段などの多段に構成され、これら多段の梯子脚柱を把持部15などを用いて連結部16の部分で上下にスライドさせて所定位置で固定することによりその全体の高さ調整が可能になっている。ここで、梯子脚柱11、12はその断面が矩形状となるチャンネル状や角筒状にしているが、円形状やパイプ状のものを用いることも可能である。
【0014】
梯子支持装置20、20aは、図2及び図3に示すように、梯子10が立て掛けられる建物などの屋根面や壁面に載置される面支持部材21と、同面支持部材21をその先端側に伸縮させ長さ設定可能に支持してその基端側が梯子脚柱11、12の内側面に回動自在に軸支されるアーム部材22とを備えている。
【0015】
面支持部材21はゴムやプラスチックなどの軟質材で被覆されて多角形状に形成され、伸縮機構を有したアーム部材22の先側に取り付けられている。
【0016】
アーム部材22は、梯子脚柱11、12の内側面の法線方向に対して傾斜角度θを有して配置される傾斜回動軸22aを備えたアーム取付部材22bと、傾斜回動軸22aにその基端受部材22cが嵌合して回動される内筒支持部材(支持部材)22dと、内筒支持部材22dにスライド自在に嵌装された外筒支持部材(支持部材)22eと、回動軸22aに嵌合した基端受部材22cを緩締させる緩締用把持部22fとを備えている。なお、図1〜図3においては梯子支持装置20、20aのそれぞれのアーム部材22を縮小させて梯子脚柱11、12間に収納させた待機状態を示している。なお、22a´は回動軸22aの延長線である。
【0017】
ここで、傾斜回動軸22aの傾斜角度θは、例えば約5〜45度の範囲に設定することが以下の理由から好ましい。すなわち、この傾斜角度θが5度より少なくなるとアーム部材22を傾斜回動軸22aを中心として回動させたときに、その先端側の開脚度合いが不足するために梯子10を安定状態に保持させることが困難となり、逆に傾斜角度θが45度を超えるように設定すると梯子支持装置を梯子脚柱11、12間にコンパクトに収納させることが困難になるからである。
【0018】
なお、梯子脚柱11,12がパイプ状に形成されている場合は、傾斜回動軸の傾斜角度θは、この梯子脚柱の軸線方向に垂直な面に対する回動軸の角度となる。
【0019】
図4は、梯子支持装置の梯子使用状態における平面図であり、図5はその側面図である。
【0020】
梯子脚柱11、12間に収納された梯子支持装置20、20aは、傾斜回動軸22aを軸として図4中、手前側に回動させることができる。このようにして、アーム部材22の先端に取り付けられた左右の面支持部材21を開脚させることができる。
【0021】
面支持部材21は、内筒支持部材22dに嵌合された外筒支持部材22eを引き出して、同外筒支持部材22eの先部を逆八の字状に伸長させて、その先端の面支持部材21を屋根面や壁面に当接させるようにしている。
【0022】
なお、アーム部材22の回動角度及びアーム伸長の程度は、梯子脚柱11、12の左右それぞれのものについて個別に調整することができ、梯子10の使用状況に応じて適宜設定することができる。このようにして、各アーム部材22の設定状態を緩締用把持部22fや係止ピンなどを用いてアーム部材22を梯子脚柱11、12に対して固定して、梯子10を安定して保持できるようにしている。
【0023】
図6は、アーム部材22の梯子脚柱内壁への取り付け状態を示す図5における矢視A−A断面図であり、図7はアーム取付部材22bに基端受部材22cを嵌装させる状態の分解説明図である。
【0024】
図示するように、アーム部材22は梯子脚柱11、12の内側面の法線方向に対して傾斜角度θを有して配置される回動軸部22gを備えたアーム取付部材22bを有しており、基端受部材22cがその回動軸部22gに嵌合して取り付けられるようになっている。アーム取付部材22bは回動軸部22gの基端部に環状噛合部22hを備えている。一方、基端受部材22cには環状噛合部22hに離接可能に当接する噛合部22iを有している。このような環状噛合部22hと噛合部22i間を緩締用把持部22fを介して緩めることにより、両者の相対的回動動作を可能にして、アーム部材22を梯子脚柱11、12に対して所定の回動角度に位置付ける。そして、環状噛合部22hと噛合部22i間を緩締用把持部22fを介して締め付けることによって固定することができる。こうして、アーム部材22の回動角度を精密に調整して、梯子支持装置20、20aを介して支持される梯子10の安定性や信頼性を高めることができる。
【0025】
図8(a)はアーム取付部材22bの一例を示す平面図であり、図8(b)はその正面図であり図8(c)はその側面図である。
【0026】
アーム取付部材22bは梯子脚柱11、12の内側面にボルトやナットなどを介して着脱可能に取り付けられるボルト孔22jを備えた基台部22kと、基台部22kの面に対して傾斜角度θを有して環状噛合部22hが形成される回動面22mとを備えている。
【0027】
このような環状噛合部22hや噛合部22iの噛合面としては、円形又は多角形状の当接面に山刃状の突起を形成したものが適用できる。この噛合面を互いに中心の軸で組合せて山と谷が噛み合って、中心軸を締付けることにより固定され、中心の軸を緩めることにより回転可能に構成されている。このように構成することによって、山と谷が噛み合わされて双方が固定されガタつきがなく保持できる。また、噛合部が山刃状のため、中心軸を緩めたり締付けたりする操作を容易かつ確実にできる。また、噛合部の山刃の噛み合わせだけで固定解除ができるため、構造的に簡単でコンパクトなものとすることができる。
【0028】
さらに、山刃の形状により細かい角度調整ができ、又旋回範囲が大きくとれる。また、中心軸と噛合部同士の山刃が嵌合しており強度的に強い。こうして右と左のアーム部材22の角度を個別に変えることにより屋根の側面(妻側)に梯子上部を安定した状態にして設置できると共に、梯子10の立掛け角度を変えた際、アーム部材22の回動角度を自在にかつ簡単に変更できる。
【0029】
すなわち、環状噛合部22hと噛合部22iを備えたこのようなジョイント機構では、緩締用把持部22fを操作して両噛合部22h、22i同士の噛合の程度を強めることによりアーム部材22の基端受部材22cとアーム取付部材22bとの回動角度を固定することができる。また、両噛合部22h、22i同士の噛合を緩めることにより連結回動角度を変更可能としている。こうして、単純でコンパクトな構造でありながら確実に双方の部材を固定したり、回動角度を変更したりする操作を容易にしている。
【0030】
しかも、両部材の回動角度は、環状噛合部22hと噛合部22iの一方又は両方を軸線廻りに回動させて両噛合部22h、22i同士の噛合位置をずらすことにより変更するので、両噛合部22h、22i同士の噛合位置を一つずらすごとに回動角度を変更することができる。その結果、アーム部材22の回動角度を微調整することができる。なお、環状噛合部22hと噛合部22iの噛合部分の形状、すなわち、噛合する歯の数や形状やサイズはその負荷の大きさなどの使用条件に応じて適宜変更することができる。
【0031】
なお、緩締用把持部22fは、ここで図示しない取り付け自在な回動レバーを螺軸に連設して用いることもできる。このような締付軸の構成とすることによっても、回動レバーを螺軸に取り付けた後、螺軸廻りに回動させることにより容易に回動軸部22gを回転操作することができる。この回動軸部22gを正逆回転させて、環状噛合部22hと噛合部22i同士を締付けて被連結部材同士の連結角度を固定したり、逆に噛合部同士の締付力を緩めて被連結部材同士の連結角度を変更したりすることができる。
【0032】
このようにして、簡単な構成によって両噛合部を締付けたり緩めたりすることができ、壊れにくく安価に製造可能な連結角度可変のジョイント機構とすることができる。特に、締付軸に螺軸を用いていることにより被連結部材の重量等に応じてその締付力を容易に調整することができる。
【0033】
さらに、回動軸部の周面に付勢体係止用突出部を設けて、同付勢体係止用突出部と一方の被連結部材との間に、両者を離隔する方向に付勢する付勢体を配設すれば、同付勢体によって常に締付軸に回転方向と直交する方向から圧力を加えることができ、締付軸を操作したときにのみ前記圧力に逆らって回動軸部を回転可能とすることができる。
【0034】
このような付勢体を用いて締付軸の自動的な回転を防止することにより、噛合部同士の噛合状態を保持することができ、各噛合部の回動角度がずれるのを防止できる。
【0035】
一方、各被連結部材に形成した噛合部同士を離隔する方向に付勢する付勢体を配設して締付軸の操作によって噛合部同士の締付力を緩めた場合には、両噛合部を付勢体によって互いに離隔する方向に押圧させて、両噛合部を速やかに離隔させることができる。従って、一旦連結した被連結部材同士も速やかに離隔することができ、回動角度の調整を円滑に行うことができる。
【0036】
図9はアーム部材22の伸縮機構を示す図5における矢視B−B断面図である。図示するように、アーム部材22の内筒支持部材22dは外筒支持部材22eにスライド自在に嵌合されている。
【0037】
内筒支持部材22dは、その内部に保持された係止ピン30を外周に向かって突出させるように摺動自在に保持するピン保持部31と、ピン保持部31底部に設けられ係止ピン30がピン孔32から突出するように付勢するスプリング33とを有している。
【0038】
外筒支持部材22eには、内筒支持部材22dのスライド移動するピン孔32に対応する周面上の所定位置に係止ピン嵌合孔34が複数形成され、この外筒支持部材22eの係止ピン嵌合孔34に内筒支持部材22dから突出する係止ピン30の先部が嵌合して内筒支持部材22dと外筒支持部材22eとの相対的位置が固定できるようにしている。
【0039】
また、この相対位置の設定長さを変更したり、長さをもとの収納状態の位置に復帰させたりする場合には、係止ピン30の先端を指で押圧してピン保持部31内に押し込むことで内筒支持部材22dと外筒支持部材22eとの係止状態を解除して次のピン位置に移動させることができる。
【0040】
以上説明したようにアーム部材22は、環状噛合部22hを備えて梯子脚柱11、12の内側面に取り付けられるアーム取付部材22bと、環状噛合部22hに離接可能に当接して嵌装される噛合部22iを有した回動軸部22gと、環状噛合部22h及び噛合部22i間を緩締させてアーム部材22を梯子脚柱11、12に対して所定回動角度に設定する緩締用把持部22fとを備えて構成されている。
【0041】
実施の形態1の梯子支持装置20、20aを具備した梯子10は以上のように構成されているので、以下の作用効果を有する。
(1)保管時や運搬時には梯子支持装置20、20aが梯子脚柱11、12間にコンパクトに収納できるので、携帯性や収納運搬性に優れている。
(2)梯子支持装置20、20aの面支持部材21を多様な立掛け面に対応させて配置するためのアーム部材22の回動や伸縮などの調整操作を容易かつ確実に行うことができ設置安定性と設定の容易性に優れる。
(3)梯子10を安定した状態に支えることができる。梯子支持装置20、20aを雨樋部や屋根の側面(妻側)、建物の壁面、コーナー部に立掛けると、梯子10が安定した状態となり、梯子上部で作業を行っても梯子10の横すべりもなく転落、墜落がなく安全である。屋根面や壁面に面支持部材21を載置することにより梯子10を安定に支持することができる。
(4)梯子脚柱11、12間に収納された左右のアーム部材22を回動させることにより、それぞれの先端が逆八の字状に開いた状態に拡開させて屋根面や壁面に当接させることができ、梯子支持装置20、20aによって支持される梯子10を安定に支持できる。
(5)梯子支持装置20、20aの取付け部より外側で滑り防止体を備えた面支持部材21が立掛け面に当る(接触)ように、アーム取付部材22bに傾斜を取り、梯子使用時にアーム部材22の先端を広くしている。また、滑り防止体が梯子脚柱より外側で立掛け面と当たるため、梯子10の横転力に対し強くなり、梯子上部が安定して転落、墜落がなく安全である。すなわち、梯子10側面からの力に対しアーム部材22が逆八の字状に接触するため、梯子10の横ゆれが少なく安全に作業ができる。
(6)アーム部材22先端の面支持部材21に一体式のあらゆる方向の屋根、壁面に接触可能な樹脂又はゴム製の滑り防止体を取付けているので、屋根瓦、波スレートの曲線部の大小に関係なくその接触面にフィットさせることができる。また、壁面、コーナー面に対しても滑り防止体を接触面に効果的にフィットできる。なお、接触面のすべり摩擦は、接触面積に関係なく接触面の密着度の方が優先される。滑り防止体とアーム部材とを一体式にした方が耐久性に優れている。
(7)梯子支持装置20、20aの各アーム部材22を左右単独で伸縮する構造にしている。これにより、屋根の側面(妻側)に本装置を取付けた梯子10を立掛けた時、屋根の傾斜に合せ片側のアーム部材22を縮め、又反対側のアーム部材22を伸ばして下側に向けることにより、梯子10の昇降面側を垂直にさせることができ、梯子上部が横滑りすることなく安全に作業ができる。アーム部材22を伸ばすことによりコーナー面に、梯子10を立て掛けてもコーナー部と踏桟13が当たることがなく昇降でき、安全に作業ができる。
(8)アーム部材22を伸ばして樋受け部等に立て掛けることにより、梯子10上部の突き出し量を長くすることでき、労働安全衛生規則の基準(600mm以上)を簡単に満足させることができる。又梯子10から屋根、屋根から梯子10に安全に乗り移りができる。
(9)アーム部材22の支持部材とアーム取付部材22bとを噛合部を介して回動させるジョイント機構を備えるので、この互いに当接される噛合面に山刃状の突起を形成して組合せ、山と谷との噛み合い中心軸を締付けることにより噛合面の動きが固定され、中心軸を緩めることにより噛合面が互いに回転可能に構成されている。これにより中心軸を締付ける操作が楽に確実にできる。中心軸の操作だけで固定解除ができるため、構造的に簡単でコンパクトなものとなる。山刃の形状により細かい角度調整ができ、又旋回範囲が大きくとれる。噛合面同士の山刃が嵌合しており強度的に強い。右と左のアーム部材の角度を変えることにより屋根の側面(妻側)に梯子上部を安定させる状態に設置ができる。梯子10の立掛け角度を変えた時、アーム部材22の取付け角度も自在かつ簡単に変更できる。
(10)梯子支持装置のアーム部材にアルミニウム合金材を使用して、装置を軽くすることができるので、梯子上部に取付けても梯子10の立て起こしを容易に行うことができる。サビ等の腐食の問題がなく、外観的にも見栄えがよくなる。
(11)梯子脚柱11、12の側面にドリルで穴をあけ、小ねじで梯子支持装置20、20aを簡単に取付けられる。はしごメーカーの型式(はしごの幅寸法など)に関係なく梯子支持装置20、20aの取付けができる。又必要時に梯子支持装置を後付けすることができる。
【0042】
参考例1
図10は本発明の参考例1に係る梯子支持装置の模式平面図である。
【0043】
図10において、40、40aは梯子10の梯子脚柱11、12の内側にそれぞれ対向して配置された参考例1の梯子支持装置、41は梯子10が立て掛けられる屋根面などに載置される面支持部材、42はその中間位置に配置されたヒンジ部43を介して基端側支持部材(支持部材)44と面支持部材41を保持する先端側支持部材(支持部材)45とを所定角度まで回動させてV字状に折り畳み自在に取り付けられたアーム部材、46は基端側支持部材44の基部に設けられた基端受部材、47は基端受部材46の噛合部22iに当接する環状噛合部22hを備えて基端受部材46が回動自在に嵌合結合される回動軸部を備えたアーム取付部材である。なお、図10に示した上記面支持部材41は矩形形状にしているが、略球体形状とすることもできる。
【0044】
このようにして、面支持部材41を略球体形状にした場合には、屋根面などの相手部材がどのような形状であっても、梯子10を安定して支持することができる。
【0045】
なお、参考例1の梯子支持装置40,40aは前記実施の形態1の梯子支持装置20、20aとは梯子への取り付け形態などを異にしている。以下においては実施の形態1と同様の機能を有するものについては同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【0046】
参考例1のアーム取付部材47の回動軸は梯子脚柱11、12を連結する踏桟13方向すなわち、傾斜角度θがゼロとなるように配置されるが、アーム部材42が先端側支持部材45と基端側支持部材44とを有して折り畳み自在になっている。これによって、アーム部材42を建物側に回動させた後、ヒンジ部43を中心として双方を開脚させると全体が逆八の字状となるように180度以上の所定の回動角度で係止され、建物の壁面や屋根面に当接して載置される面保持部41の押圧力を安定的に受けることができるようにしている。
【0047】
なお、基端側支持部材44及び/又は先端側支持部材45に実施の形態1に示したような伸縮機構を必要に応じて設けることもでき、これによって梯子支持装置40、40aを設定する際における汎用性や操作性をさらに高めるようにしてもよい。また、これらアーム部材42の構成に加えて、実施の形態1のようにアーム取付部材47の回動軸を傾斜させて梯子脚柱間に配置することも可能であり、これによって、種々の異なる梯子設置条件のもとであっても、面支持部材41を屋根面や軒下の壁面などにさらに柔軟に適合させることができる。
【0048】
参考例2
図11(a)は本発明の参考例2に係る梯子支持装置を具備した梯子の正面図であり、図11(b)はその側面図である。
【0049】
図11において、50は参考例2の梯子支持装置を具備した梯子、51は梯子50の梯子脚柱11、12の外側の下部側面にその基端側のアーム取付部材52を介して固定又は着脱自在に取り付けられるアーム部材53を備えた梯子支持装置である。
【0050】
アーム部材53のアーム取付部材52は、梯子脚柱11、12のそれぞれの外側面に同一高さで対となって取り付けられている。アーム部材53は梯子脚柱11、12の軸線に対して15〜45度の角度で傾斜した状態で回動できるように取り付けられ、アーム取付部材52に設けた緩締用把持部54を操作して回動角度の調整ができるようになっている。
【0051】
このようにして、図11に示すように、梯子50を建物などの基床面や建物周囲の地盤面などに載置する際に、梯子支持装置51のアーム部材53の回動角度や伸縮長さを調整して梯子50の基部側を安定して支持することができる。
【0052】
変形例
図12(a)は本発明の変形例に係る梯子支持装置を具備した梯子の平面図であり、図12(b)はその側面図である。
【0053】
図12において、60は変形例の梯子支持装置を具備した梯子、61、61aは梯子60の梯子脚柱11、12の内側の上部側面に取り付けられた左右一対の梯子支持装置、62は梯子支持装置61のアーム部材63、63aの先部間に渡設して取り付けられたベルトやケーブルなど可撓性支持具である。
【0054】
なお、変形例の梯子支持装置61、61aは実施の形態1の梯子支持装置20、20aのものに可撓性支持具を取り付けるようにしたものであり、その他の主要構成は略同様のものである。
【0055】
変形例の梯子支持装置を具備した梯子60は、図示するようにアーム部材63、63aの先部に渡設された帯状などの可撓性支持具62を電柱64の丸い側面に係止させて、梯子60上部を支持できるようにしたものである。これによって、電柱64に特別な係止部などを設けることなく、梯子60を安定に支持することができ、安全かつ容易に作業を行うことができる。
【0056】
ここで図13は梯子60の他の使用状態の説明図である。図13においては、可撓性支持具62をアーム部材63、63aから必要に応じて取り外して、アーム部材63、63aを突出した状態で固定し、この先端を建物に付属するベランダなどの手摺り部64に係止して固定することができる。
【0057】
以上説明したように、梯子60はアーム部材63、63aのそれぞれの回動角度を調整することができるので、その先端を梯子60が立て掛けられる建物などの基床面や建物周囲の地盤面、建物の屋根面、壁面、軒下面、雨樋部、庇部、コーナー部、ベランダ柵、植木部、電柱や鋼管などに載置して安定支持することができ、その汎用性と安全性に優れている。
【0058】
【発明の効果】
(1)建物や電柱などにおける施工作業や保守点検作業に対応して、梯子の上部及び/又は下部を周囲構造物に固定又は載置、さらには係止して安定に支持させることが容易にでき、高所作業などにおける安全性を確保することができる。
【0059】
(2)屋根面や壁面に面支持部材を載置することにより梯子を安定に支持することができ、設置安定性と設定の容易性に優れる。また、保管時や運搬時には梯子支持装置が梯子脚柱間にコンパクトに収納できるので、携帯性や収納運搬性に優れている。
【0060】
(3)傾斜角度を有してアーム部材が設けられているので、梯子脚柱間に収納された左右のアーム部材を回動させることにより、それぞれの先端間が逆八の字状に開いた状態に開脚して屋根面や壁面に当接して配置することができる。こうして、梯子支持装置で支持される梯子をより安定に支持して安全性に優れた梯子を提供できる。
【0062】
(4)環状噛合部及び噛合部間をねじ部を介して緩締させてアーム部材を前記梯子脚柱に対して所定回動角度に設定する緩締用把持部を備えるので、アーム部材の回動角度を微細に調整して設定でき、梯子支持装置を介して支持される梯子の安定性や信頼性をさらに高めることができる。
【0063】
(5)面支持部材が球体状に形成された滑り防止体を備えるので、面支持部材が載置される屋根面や壁面、コーナー面などが左右で微妙に異なるような場合でも、これに対応して確実にその先端を位置付けることができ、安全性と汎用性、設置操作性に優れている。
【0064】
(6)屋根面や壁面に立て掛けられる梯子を梯子支持装置を介してその上部及び下部を確実かつ安定に支持できる。梯子支持装置を梯子脚柱の内側面に設けたので、梯子の保管時や運搬時には梯子支持装置を梯子脚柱間に収納でき収納運搬性やハンドリング性に優れている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態1に係る梯子支持装置を具備した梯子の正面図である。
【図2】同梯子支持装置の正面図である。
【図3】同梯子支持装置の平面断面図である。
【図4】梯子支持装置の梯子使用状態における平面図である。
【図5】その側面図である。
【図6】アーム部材の取り付け状態を示す図5における矢視A−A断面図である。
【図7】アーム取付部材に基端受部材を嵌装させる状態の分解説明図である。
【図8】(a)アーム取付部材の一例を示す平面図である。(b)その正面図である。(c)その側面図である。
【図9】アーム部材の伸縮機構を示す図5における矢視B−B断面図である。
【図10】本発明の参考例1に係る梯子支持装置の模式平面図である。
【図11】(a)参考例2に係る梯子支持装置を具備した梯子の正面図である。(b)その側面図である。
【図12】(a)変形例に係る梯子支持装置を具備した梯子の平面図である。(b)その側面図である。
【図13】変形例に係る梯子の他の使用状態の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
10 実施の形態1の梯子支持装置を具備した梯子
11、12 梯子脚柱
13 踏桟
14 基脚部
15 把持部
16 連結部
20、20a 実施の形態1の梯子支持装置
21 面支持部材
22 アーム部材
22a 傾斜回動軸
22b アーム取付部材
22c 基端受部
22d 内筒支持部材(支持部材)
22e 外筒支持部材(支持部材)
22f 緩締用把持部
22g 回動軸部
22h 環状噛合部
22i 噛合部
22j ボルト孔
22k 基台部
22m 回動面
30 係止ピン
31 ピン保持部
32 ピン孔
33 スプリング
34 係止ピン嵌合孔
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ladder support device for stably performing an aerial work and the like, and a ladder including a working ladder and a ladder-supporting stepladder equipped with the ladder supporting device for stably holding an installation posture during use.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various devices have been proposed as a device for stably supporting a ladder for standing on a roof or a wall of a building, and for example, the following technologies are disclosed.
[0003]
In Patent Document 1, a hook-like joint rod that is detachably attached to a roof surface is provided on a mounting frame that is detachably attached to the left and right side rods of the ladder, and the slide portion of the joint rod and the mounting frame are provided. There is described a hanging ladder stabilizer provided with an elevating mechanism for elevating and lowering a joint rod with respect to a mounting frame by pulling a string.
[0004]
In Patent Document 2, a ladder support and a wall surface of a house are provided via a wall surface holding part fixing hardware and a wall surface holding part support hardware having a plurality of holes for inserting a wall surface holding part fixing pin on a side surface fixed to the ladder. The wall holder that can be stretched between the upper and lower ends, and the upper end that is attached to the upper end of the ladder so as to be movable in the vertical direction according to the inclination of the roof via the upper end holding fixture and the upper end holder support A ladder holding mechanism comprising a combination with a holding part is described.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-141099
[0006]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-165100
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional techniques have the following problems.
(A) In the devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since these ladder support mechanisms protrude from the outside surface of the ladder pedestal, when these members are transported on a narrow cargo bed such as a truck, In addition, there is a problem in that the storage property is poor, and the portion protruding from the ladder collides with the surroundings during the transportation and is easily damaged.
(B) When these ladder support mechanisms are stored between the ladder widths, the width of the ladder support mechanism that comes into contact with the roof or the wall surface is limited to the width of this ladder, so There was a problem of poor stability.
(C) In particular, in the thing of patent document 1, since the supporting member curved and mounted on a roof surface, an elevator, etc. are required, the whole cannot be stored compactly and it cannot handle and handling property and storage property There was a problem of lacking.
(D) In the thing of patent document 2, since the upper end holding | maintenance part and the wall surface holding part are attached to the upper and lower two places of a ladder, and it is trying to fix through each fixed metal fitting, the position of a roof and a wall surface Considering the relationship, the work of finely setting the length and angle is complicated, and there is a problem that it lacks versatility.
[0008]
The present invention was made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and provides a ladder support device that is excellent in installation stability and ease of setting during operation, and is portable and stowable during transportation. It is an object to provide a ladder such as a ladder for work and a ladder that is also easy to handle.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) The ladder support device according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, is a building in which the ladder is leaned with its base end side fixed or detachably attached to the inner side surface of the ladder pedestal of the ladder. A ladder support device that can support the ladder by placing it on the roof surface, wall surface, eaves bottom surface, rain gutter part, eaves part, corner part, veranda fence, planting part, utility pole, steel pipe, etc. A surface support member placed on a roof surface or wall surface of a building or the like on which the ladder is leaned, and a base end side of the surface support member that pivots freely on the inner surfaces of a pair of left and right ladder pedestals An arm member to be supported, and the arm member has a base portion attached to the ladder pedestal and an annular engagement portion having a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the surface of the base portion. Rotating surface and front Writing ladder An arm rotation member provided with an inclination rotation shaft arranged with the inclination angle with respect to the normal direction of the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the child leg column; A base end receiving member that has a meshing portion that is fitted in contact with the annular meshing portion so as to be detachable; A support member on which the surface support member is disposed, and a grip for loose tightening that loosely tightens between the annular engagement portion and the engagement portion to set the arm member at a predetermined rotation angle with respect to the ladder pedestal The surface support member attached to the tip of the arm member when the arm member can be stored between the ladder pedestals and rotated around the tilt rotation shaft. Can be opened in an inverted eight-letter shape. As a result, the arm member can be stored between the ladder pedestals, and the left and right arm members are rotated so that the ends of the arms are opened in an inverted eight-letter shape. Since it can be disposed in contact with a surface, a wall surface, a base floor surface, etc., the ladder supported by the ladder support device can be supported more stably, and safety in work at high places can be secured. And since a ladder support device can be stored compactly between ladder pedestals at the time of storage and transportation, it is excellent in portability and storage transportation.
(2) The ladder support device according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above (1), the support member includes an expansion / contraction mechanism that allows the length to be set by extending / contracting the surface support member toward the distal end side thereof. Thereby, the degree of extension of the arm can be adjusted, and the installation stability and the ease of setting are excellent.
(3) The ladder support device of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above (1) or (2), the inclination angle is set in a range of 5 to 45 degrees. If the inclination angle is less than 5 degrees, when the arm member is rotated about the inclination rotation axis, the degree of the opening leg on the tip end side is insufficient, so that it is difficult to hold the ladder in a stable state. This is because it is difficult to store the ladder support device compactly between the ladder pedestals if the inclination angle is set to exceed 45 degrees.
(4) The ladder support device of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above (1) to (3), the surface support member includes a slip prevention body such as plastic or rubber formed in a spherical shape. . Accordingly, the ladder can be stably supported regardless of the shape of the mating member such as the roof surface on which the surface supporting member is placed.
(5) In the ladder according to the present invention, the ladder support device according to the above (1) to (4) slides from a state in which the ladder main body is overlapped, and is extended or contracted multiple times. Thus, it is configured to be detachably or fixedly attached to the inner surface of a pair of left and right ladder pedestals provided so that the height can be adjusted. Thereby, the ladder installed with respect to a roof surface, a wall surface, a base floor surface, a ground surface, etc. can be supported reliably and stably via a ladder support apparatus. In addition, when the ladder support device is provided on the inner side surface of the ladder pedestal, the ladder support device can be stored between the ladder pedestals when the ladder is stored or transported, and the storage and transportability and handling are excellent.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(Embodiment 1)
1 is a front view of a ladder provided with a ladder support device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the ladder support device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the ladder support device. It is sectional drawing.
[0011]
In FIG. 1, 10 is a ladder provided with the ladder support apparatus of the first embodiment, 11 and 12 are a pair of left and right ladder legs, and 13 is a multistage arrangement connecting the ladder legs 11 and 12. The stepped rails 20 and 20a are a pair of ladder support devices arranged to face the inner side surfaces of the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 respectively.
[0012]
In the following description of the present embodiment, the case where the ladder support devices 20 and 20a are arranged to face the inner side surfaces of the ladder leg columns 11 and 12 will be described. Not only the side surface but also an outer surface can be used. Furthermore, by providing the ladder support device at the lower part of the ladder, it is possible to function as an outrigger whose angle and length can be adjusted.
[0013]
The lower ends of the ladder legs 11 and 12 of the ladder 10 are formed by opening the legs in an eight-letter shape, and serve as base legs 14 that are stably placed on the ground or the like. Each of the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 is configured in multiple stages such as two stages on the front and rear sides, and these multi-stage ladder pedestals are slid up and down at a portion of the connecting portion 16 using the grip portion 15 or the like and fixed in place. This makes it possible to adjust the overall height. Here, the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 are formed in a channel shape or a rectangular tube shape whose cross section is a rectangular shape, but it is also possible to use a circular shape or a pipe shape.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ladder support devices 20 and 20 a include a surface support member 21 placed on a roof surface or a wall surface of a building or the like on which the ladder 10 is leaned, and the same surface support member 21 on the tip side. And an arm member 22 that is supported so that its length can be set and whose base end side is pivotally supported on the inner side surfaces of the ladder legs 11 and 12.
[0015]
The surface support member 21 is covered with a soft material such as rubber or plastic, is formed in a polygonal shape, and is attached to the front side of the arm member 22 having an expansion / contraction mechanism.
[0016]
The arm member 22 includes an arm attachment member 22b having an inclination rotation shaft 22a disposed with an inclination angle θ with respect to the normal direction of the inner side surfaces of the ladder legs 11 and 12, and an inclination rotation shaft 22a. An inner cylinder support member (support member) 22d that is fitted and rotated with the base end receiving member 22c, and an outer cylinder support member (support member) 22e that is slidably fitted to the inner cylinder support member 22d. The base end receiving member 22c fitted to the rotating shaft 22a is provided with a loose fastening gripping portion 22f. 1 to 3 show a standby state in which the arm members 22 of the ladder support devices 20 and 20a are contracted and accommodated between the ladder pedestals 11 and 12. FIG. In addition, 22a 'is an extension line of the rotating shaft 22a.
[0017]
Here, it is preferable to set the inclination angle θ of the inclination rotation shaft 22a within a range of, for example, about 5 to 45 degrees for the following reason. In other words, when the inclination angle θ is less than 5 degrees, the ladder 10 is held in a stable state because the degree of leg opening on the tip side is insufficient when the arm member 22 is rotated about the inclination rotation shaft 22a. This is because, if the inclination angle θ is set to exceed 45 degrees, it is difficult to store the ladder support device in a compact manner between the ladder legs 11 and 12.
[0018]
When the ladder legs 11 and 12 are formed in a pipe shape, the inclination angle θ of the inclination rotation axis is an angle of the rotation axis with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the ladder leg columns.
[0019]
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the ladder support device when the ladder is used, and FIG. 5 is a side view thereof.
[0020]
The ladder support devices 20 and 20a housed between the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 can be rotated to the front side in FIG. 4 with the inclined rotation shaft 22a as an axis. In this way, the left and right surface support members 21 attached to the tip of the arm member 22 can be opened.
[0021]
The surface support member 21 pulls out the outer cylinder support member 22e fitted to the inner cylinder support member 22d, extends the tip of the outer cylinder support member 22e in an inverted eight-letter shape, and supports the front surface of the outer cylinder support member 22e. The member 21 is brought into contact with the roof surface or wall surface.
[0022]
Note that the rotation angle of the arm member 22 and the degree of arm extension can be individually adjusted for each of the left and right sides of the ladder pedestals 11 and 12, and can be set as appropriate according to the usage status of the ladder 10. . In this manner, the arm member 22 is fixed to the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 by using the loose fastening gripping portions 22f, the locking pins, and the like so that the ladder 10 is stabilized. It can be held.
[0023]
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5 showing a state where the arm member 22 is attached to the inner wall of the ladder pedestal. FIG. 7 is a state where the base end receiving member 22c is fitted to the arm attaching member 22b. FIG.
[0024]
As shown in the figure, the arm member 22 has an arm attachment member 22b having a rotation shaft portion 22g arranged with an inclination angle θ with respect to the normal direction of the inner side surfaces of the ladder legs 11 and 12. The base end receiving member 22c is fitted and attached to the rotating shaft portion 22g. The arm attachment member 22b includes an annular engagement portion 22h at the proximal end portion of the rotation shaft portion 22g. On the other hand, the base end receiving member 22c has a meshing portion 22i that comes into contact with the annular meshing portion 22h in a detachable manner. By loosening the space between the annular engagement portion 22h and the engagement portion 22i via the loose-tightening gripping portion 22f, the two members can be rotated relative to each other, and the arm member 22 can be moved with respect to the ladder legs 11 and 12. Position at a predetermined rotation angle. And it can fix by fastening between the annular meshing part 22h and the meshing part 22i via the grip part 22f for loose fastening. In this way, the rotation angle of the arm member 22 can be precisely adjusted, and the stability and reliability of the ladder 10 supported via the ladder support devices 20 and 20a can be improved.
[0025]
FIG. 8A is a plan view showing an example of the arm attachment member 22b, FIG. 8B is a front view thereof, and FIG. 8C is a side view thereof.
[0026]
The arm attachment member 22b has a base portion 22k having a bolt hole 22j that is detachably attached to the inner side surfaces of the ladder legs 11 and 12 via bolts and nuts, and an inclination angle with respect to the surface of the base portion 22k. and a rotating surface 22m having an annular engagement portion 22h.
[0027]
As the meshing surface of the annular meshing portion 22h or the meshing portion 22i, a circular or polygonal contact surface formed with a chevron-shaped protrusion can be applied. The meshing surfaces are combined with each other at the center shaft so that the peaks and valleys mesh with each other, and are fixed by tightening the center shaft, and can be rotated by loosening the center shaft. By comprising in this way, a peak and a trough are meshed | engaged, both are fixed and it can hold | maintain without backlash. In addition, since the meshing portion has a mountain blade shape, the operation of loosening or tightening the central shaft can be easily and reliably performed. Further, since the fixing can be released only by meshing the angled blades of the meshing portion, the structure can be made simple and compact.
[0028]
Furthermore, the angle can be finely adjusted by the shape of the angle blade, and the turning range can be increased. In addition, the central shaft and the angled blade between the meshing portions are fitted to each other, which is strong in strength. Thus, by changing the angles of the right and left arm members 22 individually, the ladder upper portion can be installed in a stable state on the side surface (wife side) of the roof, and when the standing angle of the ladder 10 is changed, the arm member 22 is changed. Can be freely and easily changed.
[0029]
That is, in such a joint mechanism including the annular engagement portion 22h and the engagement portion 22i, the base of the arm member 22 is increased by operating the loose tightening grip portion 22f to increase the degree of engagement between the engagement portions 22h and 22i. The rotation angle between the end receiving member 22c and the arm attachment member 22b can be fixed. In addition, the connection rotation angle can be changed by loosening the engagement between the two engagement portions 22h and 22i. In this way, it is easy to perform an operation of securely fixing both members or changing the rotation angle while having a simple and compact structure.
[0030]
Moreover, the rotation angle of both members is changed by rotating one or both of the annular meshing portion 22h and the meshing portion 22i around the axis and shifting the meshing position between the meshing portions 22h and 22i. The rotation angle can be changed every time the meshing positions of the portions 22h and 22i are shifted by one. As a result, the rotation angle of the arm member 22 can be finely adjusted. In addition, the shape of the meshing portion of the annular meshing portion 22h and the meshing portion 22i, that is, the number, shape, and size of the meshing teeth can be appropriately changed according to use conditions such as the magnitude of the load.
[0031]
Note that the loose tightening gripping portion 22f can also be used by connecting an unillustrated rotating lever, not shown here, to the screw shaft. Even with such a configuration of the tightening shaft, the rotating shaft portion 22g can be easily rotated by rotating the rotating lever around the screw shaft after the rotating lever is attached to the screw shaft. The rotating shaft portion 22g is rotated forward and reverse to fasten the annular meshing portion 22h and the meshing portion 22i to fix the coupling angle between the coupled members, or conversely, the tightening force between the meshing portions is loosened to be covered. The connection angle between the connection members can be changed.
[0032]
In this manner, both the meshing portions can be tightened or loosened with a simple configuration, and a joint mechanism with a variable coupling angle that is hard to break and can be manufactured at low cost can be obtained. In particular, by using a screw shaft as the tightening shaft, the tightening force can be easily adjusted according to the weight of the connected member.
[0033]
Further, a biasing member locking projection is provided on the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and the biasing member locking projection and one of the connected members are biased in a direction separating them. If the urging body is arranged, the urging body can always apply pressure to the tightening shaft from the direction orthogonal to the rotation direction, and it rotates against the pressure only when the tightening shaft is operated. The shaft portion can be rotatable.
[0034]
By using such an urging body to prevent automatic rotation of the tightening shaft, the meshing state between the meshing portions can be maintained, and the rotation angle of each meshing portion can be prevented from shifting.
[0035]
On the other hand, when a biasing body that biases the meshing portions formed in each connected member in a direction to separate them is disposed and the tightening force between the meshing portions is loosened by operating the tightening shaft, both meshing By pressing the parts in directions away from each other by the biasing body, both the meshing parts can be quickly separated. Therefore, the connected members once connected can also be quickly separated, and the rotation angle can be adjusted smoothly.
[0036]
9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. As illustrated, the inner cylinder support member 22d of the arm member 22 is slidably fitted to the outer cylinder support member 22e.
[0037]
The inner cylinder support member 22d includes a pin holding portion 31 that slidably holds the locking pin 30 held therein so as to protrude toward the outer periphery, and a locking pin 30 provided at the bottom of the pin holding portion 31. And a spring 33 that urges the pin to protrude from the pin hole 32.
[0038]
A plurality of locking pin fitting holes 34 are formed in the outer cylinder support member 22e at predetermined positions on the peripheral surface corresponding to the pin holes 32 in which the inner cylinder support member 22d slides, and the engagement of the outer cylinder support member 22e. The front portion of the locking pin 30 protruding from the inner cylinder support member 22d is fitted into the stop pin fitting hole 34 so that the relative position between the inner cylinder support member 22d and the outer cylinder support member 22e can be fixed. .
[0039]
When the set length of the relative position is changed or when the length is returned to the original retracted position, the tip of the locking pin 30 is pressed with a finger so that the inside of the pin holding portion 31 , The inner cylinder support member 22d and the outer cylinder support member 22e are unlocked and moved to the next pin position.
[0040]
As described above, the arm member 22 includes the annular engagement portion 22h and is attached to the inner surface of the ladder pedestals 11 and 12, and the annular engagement portion 22h so as to be detachably contactable. The loosely tightened shaft 22g having the meshing portion 22i and the annular meshing portion 22h and the meshing portion 22i are loosely tightened to set the arm member 22 at a predetermined rotational angle with respect to the ladder legs 11 and 12. And a holding portion 22f for use.
[0041]
Since the ladder 10 including the ladder support devices 20 and 20a according to the first embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operational effects.
(1) Since the ladder support devices 20 and 20a can be stored compactly between the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 at the time of storage and transportation, they are excellent in portability and storage and transportability.
(2) It is possible to easily and reliably perform adjustment operations such as rotation and expansion / contraction of the arm member 22 for arranging the surface support members 21 of the ladder support devices 20 and 20a corresponding to various standing surfaces. Excellent stability and ease of setting.
(3) The ladder 10 can be supported in a stable state. When the ladder support devices 20 and 20a are hung on the rain gutter, the roof side (wife side), the wall surface of the building, or the corner, the ladder 10 is in a stable state, and the ladder 10 can be slid even when working on the top of the ladder. It is safe without falling or falling. The ladder 10 can be stably supported by placing the surface support member 21 on the roof surface or the wall surface.
(4) By rotating the left and right arm members 22 housed between the ladder pedestals 11 and 12, each tip is expanded into an inverted octagonal shape so that it touches the roof or wall surface. The ladder 10 supported by the ladder support devices 20 and 20a can be stably supported.
(5) The arm attachment member 22b is inclined so that the surface support member 21 provided with the anti-slip body contacts the standing surface outside the attachment portions of the ladder support devices 20 and 20a. The tip of the member 22 is widened. In addition, since the anti-slip body hits the standing surface outside the ladder pedestal, it is strong against the rollover force of the ladder 10, and the upper part of the ladder is stably free from falling and falling. That is, since the arm member 22 comes in contact with the force from the side surface of the ladder 10 in an inverted eight-letter shape, the ladder 10 is less likely to sway and can be operated safely.
(6) Since the surface support member 21 at the tip of the arm member 22 is attached with a roof in all directions, a resin or rubber anti-slip body that can contact the wall surface, the size of the curved portion of the roof tile and wave slate It can be fitted to the contact surface regardless of. In addition, the anti-slip body can be effectively fitted to the contact surface with respect to the wall surface and the corner surface. Note that the degree of contact of the contact surface is given priority for the sliding friction of the contact surface regardless of the contact area. The one in which the anti-slip body and the arm member are integrated is superior in durability.
(7) Each of the arm members 22 of the ladder support devices 20 and 20a is configured to extend and contract independently. As a result, when the ladder 10 attached with the present apparatus is erected on the side surface (wife side) of the roof, the arm member 22 on one side is contracted in accordance with the inclination of the roof, and the arm member 22 on the opposite side is extended to the lower side. By directing, the elevating surface side of the ladder 10 can be made vertical, and the upper part of the ladder can be safely operated without skidding. By extending the arm member 22, even if the ladder 10 is leaned against the corner surface, the corner portion and the crosspiece 13 can be lifted and lowered so that the work can be performed safely.
(8) By extending the arm member 22 and leaning it against the eaves receiving portion or the like, the protruding amount of the upper portion of the ladder 10 can be lengthened, and the occupational safety and health regulation standard (600 mm or more) can be easily satisfied. Also, it is possible to safely transfer from the ladder 10 to the roof and from the roof to the ladder 10.
(9) Since a joint mechanism for rotating the support member of the arm member 22 and the arm attachment member 22b via the meshing portion is provided, a combination of forming a mountain blade-like protrusion on the meshing surfaces abutting each other, The movement of the meshing surface is fixed by tightening the meshing central axis of the peaks and valleys, and the meshing surfaces are configured to be rotatable relative to each other by loosening the central shaft. As a result, the operation of tightening the central shaft can be performed easily and reliably. Since fixing can be released only by operating the central axis, the structure is simple and compact. The angle can be finely adjusted by the shape of the angle blade, and the swivel range can be increased. The angled blades between the meshing surfaces are fitted and strong in strength. By changing the angle of the right and left arm members, the ladder upper part can be stabilized on the side surface (wife side) of the roof. When the standing angle of the ladder 10 is changed, the mounting angle of the arm member 22 can be freely and easily changed.
(10) Since the aluminum alloy material can be used for the arm member of the ladder support device and the device can be lightened, the ladder 10 can be easily raised even if it is attached to the top of the ladder. There is no problem of corrosion such as rust, and the appearance is improved.
(11) A hole is drilled in the side surface of the ladder pedestals 11 and 12, and the ladder support devices 20 and 20a can be easily attached with small screws. The ladder support devices 20 and 20a can be attached regardless of the model of the ladder manufacturer (ladder width, etc.). The ladder support device can be retrofitted when necessary.
[0042]
( Reference example 1 )
FIG. 10 shows the present invention. Reference example 1 It is a model top view of the ladder support device concerning.
[0043]
In FIG. 10, 40 and 40 a are arranged opposite to the inside of the ladder legs 11 and 12 of the ladder 10, respectively. Reference example 1 41 is a surface support member placed on a roof surface on which the ladder 10 is leaned, and 42 is a base end side support member (support member) 44 via a hinge portion 43 disposed at an intermediate position thereof. An arm member 46, which is pivotably attached to a distal end side support member (support member) 45 holding the surface support member 41 to a predetermined angle and is foldable into a V shape, is provided at the base of the base end side support member 44. The base end receiving member 47 includes an annular engagement portion 22h that abuts on the engagement portion 22i of the base end reception member 46, and a rotation shaft portion on which the base end reception member 46 is rotatably fitted and coupled. It is an arm attachment member. The surface support member 41 shown in FIG. 10 has a rectangular shape, but may have a substantially spherical shape.
[0044]
Thus, when the surface support member 41 is made into a substantially spherical shape, the ladder 10 can be stably supported regardless of the shape of the mating member such as the roof surface.
[0045]
In addition, Reference example 1 The ladder support devices 40 and 40a are different from the ladder support devices 20 and 20a of the first embodiment in the manner of attachment to the ladder. In the following, components having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0046]
Reference example 1 The rotation axis of the arm mounting member 47 is arranged so that the direction of the traverse 13 connecting the ladder pedestals 11 and 12, that is, the inclination angle θ is zero, but the arm member 42 is connected to the front end side support member 45 and the base side. It has an end side support member 44 and is foldable. As a result, after the arm member 42 is rotated to the building side, when both of the legs are opened with the hinge portion 43 as the center, the whole is formed in a reverse octagonal shape with a predetermined rotation angle of 180 degrees or more. The pressing force of the surface holding portion 41 that is stopped and placed in contact with the wall surface or roof surface of the building can be stably received.
[0047]
The base end side support member 44 and / or the front end side support member 45 can be provided with an expansion / contraction mechanism as shown in the first embodiment as needed, thereby setting the ladder support devices 40 and 40a. You may make it further improve the versatility and operativity in. Further, in addition to the configuration of these arm members 42, it is also possible to dispose the arm mounting member 47 between the ladder pedestals by inclining the rotation axis of the arm mounting member 47 as in the first embodiment. Even under the ladder installation conditions, the surface support member 41 can be more flexibly adapted to the roof surface, the wall surface under the eaves, and the like.
[0048]
( Reference example 2 )
FIG. 11 (a) shows the present invention. Reference example 2 It is a front view of the ladder which comprised the ladder support apparatus which concerns on FIG. 11, FIG.11 (b) is the side view.
[0049]
In FIG. 11, 50 is Reference example 2 The ladder 51 is provided with an arm member 53 that is fixedly or detachably attached to the lower side surface outside the ladder pedestals 11 and 12 of the ladder 50 via an arm attachment member 52 on the base end side. Ladder support device.
[0050]
The arm attachment members 52 of the arm members 53 are attached to the outer side surfaces of the ladder legs 11 and 12 in pairs at the same height. The arm member 53 is attached so as to be able to rotate in an inclined state with an angle of 15 to 45 degrees with respect to the axis of the ladder pedestals 11 and 12, and operates a loose fastening grip 54 provided on the arm attachment member 52. The rotation angle can be adjusted.
[0051]
In this way, as shown in FIG. 11, when the ladder 50 is placed on the base floor surface of a building, the ground surface around the building, or the like, the rotation angle or expansion / contraction length of the arm member 53 of the ladder support device 51 is increased. By adjusting the height, the base side of the ladder 50 can be stably supported.
[0052]
( Modified example )
FIG. 12 (a) shows the present invention. Modified example It is a top view of the ladder which comprised the ladder support apparatus which concerns on this, and FIG.12 (b) is the side view.
[0053]
In FIG. 12, 60 is Modified example The ladders 61, 61 a are provided with a pair of left and right ladder support devices attached to the upper side surfaces of the ladder legs 11, 12 of the ladder 60, and 62 are arm members 63, 63 a of the ladder support device 61. It is a flexible support such as a belt or a cable that is installed while being stretched between the tips of the two.
[0054]
In addition, Modified example The ladder support devices 61 and 61a are configured such that a flexible support is attached to the ladder support devices 20 and 20a of the first embodiment, and the other main components are substantially the same.
[0055]
Modified example As shown in the figure, a ladder 60 provided with a ladder support device is configured such that a flexible support 62 such as a belt extending at the front part of the arm members 63 and 63a is engaged with the round side surface of the utility pole 64, and the ladder is secured. The upper part of 60 can be supported. Accordingly, the ladder 60 can be stably supported without providing a special locking portion or the like on the utility pole 64, and the work can be performed safely and easily.
[0056]
Here, FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of another usage state of the ladder 60. In FIG. 13, the flexible support 62 is removed from the arm members 63 and 63a as necessary, and the arm members 63 and 63a are fixed in a protruding state, and the tip is handrail such as a veranda attached to the building. The portion 64 can be locked and fixed.
[0057]
As described above, since the ladder 60 can adjust the respective rotation angles of the arm members 63 and 63a, the base floor surface of the building or the like around which the ladder 60 is leaned, the ground surface around the building, the building It can be placed on the roof surface, wall surface, eaves bottom surface, rain gutter part, eaves part, corner part, veranda fence, planting part, utility pole, steel pipe, etc., and can be stably supported, and its versatility and safety are excellent. Yes.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
(1) Corresponding to construction work and maintenance / inspection work on buildings and utility poles, the upper and / or lower part of the ladder can be fixed or placed on the surrounding structure, and can be easily locked and stably supported. Safety during work in the workplace can be ensured.
[0059]
(2) By placing the surface support member on the roof surface or wall surface, the ladder can be stably supported, and the installation stability and the ease of setting are excellent. In addition, since the ladder support device can be stored compactly between the ladder pedestals during storage and transportation, it is excellent in portability and storage and transportability.
[0060]
(3) Since the arm members are provided with an inclination angle, the left and right arm members housed between the ladder pedestals are rotated so that the ends of the arm members are opened in an inverted eight-letter shape. Legs can be placed in contact with the roof or wall. In this way, the ladder supported by the ladder support device can be supported more stably, and a ladder excellent in safety can be provided.
[0062]
(4) Since there is provided a gripping part for loose tightening that loosely tightens between the annular meshing part and the meshing part via a screw part to set the arm member to a predetermined rotational angle with respect to the ladder pedestal, the rotational angle of the arm member is set. It can be finely adjusted and set, and the stability and reliability of the ladder supported via the ladder support device can be further enhanced.
[0063]
(5) Surface support member Sphere Since it has a non-slip body formed in a body shape, even if the roof surface, wall surface, corner surface, etc. on which the surface support member is placed are slightly different on the left and right, the tip is securely attached correspondingly It can be positioned and is excellent in safety, versatility, and installation operability.
[0064]
(6) An upper portion and a lower portion of a ladder standing on a roof surface or a wall surface can be reliably and stably supported via a ladder support device. Ladder support device provided on the inner side of the ladder pedestal So When the ladder is stored or transported, the ladder support device can be stored between the ladder pedestals and is excellent in storage and transportability and handling.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a ladder provided with a ladder support device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the ladder support device.
FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of the ladder support device.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the ladder support device in a state where the ladder is used.
FIG. 5 is a side view thereof.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5 showing an attachment state of the arm member.
FIG. 7 is an exploded explanatory view of a state in which the base end receiving member is fitted to the arm mounting member.
FIG. 8A is a plan view showing an example of an arm attachment member. (B) It is the front view. (C) It is the side view.
9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 5 showing the expansion / contraction mechanism of the arm member.
FIG. 10 shows the present invention. Reference example 1 It is a model top view of the ladder support device concerning.
FIG. 11 (a) Reference example 2 It is a front view of the ladder which comprised the ladder support apparatus which concerns on. (B) It is the side view.
FIG. 12 (a) Modified example It is a top view of the ladder which comprised the ladder support apparatus which concerns on. (B) It is the side view.
FIG. 13 In the modification It is explanatory drawing of the other use condition of the ladder which concerns.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Ladder provided with ladder support device of embodiment 1
11, 12 Ladder pedestal
13 pedestrian crossing
14 Base leg
15 gripping part
16 Connecting part
20, 20a Ladder support device of embodiment 1
21 Surface support member
22 Arm member
22a Tilt rotation axis
22b Arm mounting member
22c Base end receiving part
22d Inner cylinder support member (support member)
22e outer cylinder support member (support member)
22f Loosening gripping part
22g Rotating shaft
22h annular meshing part
22i meshing part
22j Bolt hole
22k base
22m Rotating surface
30 Locking pin
31 Pin holder
32 pin hole
33 Spring
34 Locking pin fitting hole

Claims (5)

梯子の梯子脚柱の内側面にその基端側が固定又は着脱自在に取り付けられて、前記梯子が立て掛けられる建物などの屋根面、壁面、軒下面、雨樋部、庇部、コーナー部、ベランダ柵、植木部、電柱や鋼管などに載置して前記梯子を支持することができる梯子支持装置であって、
前記梯子が立て掛けられる建物などの屋根面や壁面に載置される面支持部材と、
前記面支持部材を支持してその基端側が左右一対の梯子脚柱の内側面にそれぞれ回動自在に軸支されるアーム部材と、
を備え、
前記アーム部材は、
前記梯子脚柱に取り付けられる基台部と、この基台部の面に対して所定の傾斜角度を有して環状噛合部が形成される回動面と、前記梯子脚柱の内側面又は外側面の法線方向に対して前記傾斜角度を有して配置される傾斜回動軸と、を備えたアーム取付部材と、
前記環状噛合部に離接可能に当接して嵌装される噛合部を有し、前記傾斜回動軸に嵌合して取付けられる基端受部材を備え、先側に前記面支持部材が配置される支持部材と、
前記環状噛合部及び前記噛合部間を緩締させて当該アーム部材を前記梯子脚柱に対して所定回動角度に設定する緩締用把持部と、
を備え、
前記アーム部材を前記梯子脚柱間に収納可能とするとともに、前記傾斜回動軸を軸として回動させたときに、前記アーム部材の先端に取付けられた前記面支持部材を逆八の字状に開脚可能としたことを特徴とする梯子支持装置。
The base side of the ladder pedestal of the ladder is fixedly or detachably attached to the inner side of the ladder. A ladder support device that can be placed on a planting part, a utility pole, a steel pipe, etc. to support the ladder,
A surface support member placed on a roof surface or wall surface of a building or the like on which the ladder is leaned; and
An arm member that supports the surface support member and whose base end side is pivotally supported on inner surfaces of a pair of left and right ladder pedestals, respectively,
With
The arm member is
A base portion attached to the ladder legs pillar, the inner surface of a rotating surface which annular engagement portion is formed with a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the plane of the base portion, before Kihashigo Koashi Column Or an arm rotation member provided with an inclination rotation shaft arranged with the inclination angle with respect to the normal direction of the outer surface,
It has a meshing portion that is fitted in contact with the annular meshing portion so as to be detachable, and includes a base end receiving member that is fitted and attached to the inclined rotation shaft, and the surface support member is disposed on the front side. A support member to be
A loose clamping part for loosely fastening between the annular meshing part and the meshing part to set the arm member at a predetermined rotation angle with respect to the ladder pedestal;
With
The arm member can be stored between the ladder pedestals, and the surface support member attached to the tip of the arm member when the tilting rotation shaft is rotated as an axis A ladder support device characterized in that it can be opened.
前記支持部材は、前記面支持部材をその先端側に伸縮させて長さ設定可能とした伸縮機構を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の梯子支持装置。  The ladder support device according to claim 1, wherein the support member includes an expansion / contraction mechanism that allows the length to be set by extending and contracting the surface support member toward a tip end side thereof. 前記傾斜角度を、5〜45度の範囲に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の梯子支持装置。  The ladder support device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inclination angle is set in a range of 5 to 45 degrees. 前記面支持部材が、球体状に形成されたプラスチックやゴムなどの滑り防止体を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の内いずれか1項に記載の梯子支持装置。  The ladder support device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface support member includes a slip prevention body such as plastic or rubber formed in a spherical shape. 請求項1〜4の内いずれか1項に記載の梯子支持装置が、その梯子本体が重なった状態からスライドして多連伸縮するかもしくは伸縮機構を備えた脚部が伸縮して高さ調節可能に設けられた左右一対の梯子脚柱の内側面に着脱自在に又は固定して取り付けられていることを特徴とする梯子。  The ladder support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ladder body slides from a state in which the ladder main body overlaps to extend or contract in a multiple manner, or a leg portion provided with an expansion / contraction mechanism expands and contracts to adjust the height. A ladder characterized in that it is detachably or fixedly attached to the inner surface of a pair of left and right ladder pedestals that are provided.
JP2003151540A 2003-05-28 2003-05-28 Ladder support device and ladder having the same Expired - Lifetime JP4170820B2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4955456B2 (en) * 2007-05-21 2012-06-20 紀美代 中尾 Multistage ladder
US8365865B2 (en) 2009-03-03 2013-02-05 Wing Enterprises, Inc. Adjustable ladders and related methods
CN105121772B (en) 2013-01-24 2017-05-17 伟英企业有限公司 adjustable ladders and related components
WO2015142992A1 (en) * 2014-03-18 2015-09-24 Wing Enterprises, Incorporated Ladders with integrated support

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