JP4166544B2 - Workpiece holding device - Google Patents

Workpiece holding device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4166544B2
JP4166544B2 JP2002291179A JP2002291179A JP4166544B2 JP 4166544 B2 JP4166544 B2 JP 4166544B2 JP 2002291179 A JP2002291179 A JP 2002291179A JP 2002291179 A JP2002291179 A JP 2002291179A JP 4166544 B2 JP4166544 B2 JP 4166544B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
holding device
spindle
workpiece
cylindrical surface
machine tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002291179A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004122309A (en
Inventor
進八郎 松田
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP2002291179A priority Critical patent/JP4166544B2/en
Publication of JP2004122309A publication Critical patent/JP2004122309A/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は工作機械に工作物を取り付ける保持装置であって、該工作機械のスピンドルに取り付け容易な保持装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、機械加工するワーク(工作物)の保持装置を工作機械のスピンドルに取り付ける機構としては、テーパ状のロッドにしたものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。この機構は、スピンドルと保持装置との軸合わせが正確にできる利点がある。
【0003】
他の方法としては、工作機械のスピンドル1の先端に形成された内周円筒面に嵌合する外周円筒面を有する凸部を保持装置に設けて、この凸部を上記スピンドル1の先端にはめ合わせする機構がある(例えば、特許文献2参照)。この機構は、連結部位を小型にできる利点がある。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特許第2675805号公報(図面)
【0005】
【特許文献2】
特開平11−70433号公報(図1)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、特許文献1に記載の機構では、テーパ部分を設ける必要があり、工作機械のスピンドルや保持装置が大型化する欠点がある。また、特許文献2に記載の機構では、スピンドルと保持装置との軸合わせを精密に行うために、はめあい隙間を小さくする必要があり、スピンドルから抜けなくなる不具合を生じることがある。
【0007】
そこで本発明は、工作機械への着脱が容易であり、工作機械のスピンドルと保持装置との軸合わせが正確にできる工作物保持装置を提供することを課題とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明の第1の工作物保持装置は、工作機械のスピンドルに着脱自在に取り付け可能であり、工作物を把持する保持装置において、上記スピンドルの先端に形成された内周円筒面に一致する曲面を有し、該内周円筒面の一部に当接ることにより上記スピンドルの中心軸に保持装置の中心軸を一致させる位置合わせ部と、上記保持装置を上記スピンドルに取り付けたとき、上記位置合わせ部を上記内周円筒面に押圧して当接させる弾性部材と、を具備することを特徴とする工作物保持装置。
【0009】
本発明の第2の工作物保持装置は、上記第1の装置において、上記位置合わせ部は、少なくとも2箇所以上で上記内周円筒面に当接することを特徴とする。
本発明の第3の工作物保持装置は、上記第1の装置において、2以上の位置合わせ部を設けたことを特徴とする。
【0010】
本発明の第4の工作物保持装置は、上記第1の装置において、上記弾性部材は、板バネであることを特徴とする。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態に係る保持装置について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。
(第1の実施の形態)
本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る工作物保持装置(以下、単に保持装置という)について、図1〜図3に基づいて説明する。図1は該保持装置を説明するための縦断面図であり、図2は先端要部断面図であり、図3は工作機械との取り付け面側からの平面図である。
【0012】
この保持装置1は、工作機械のスピンドル2に固定され該スピンドル2とともに回転駆動する基体3と、この基体3を上記スピンドル2に固定するための複数のボルト4と、工作機械のシリンダ(不図示)に連結され、該シリンダの作動に連動して前後方向(図中、左右方向)に所定の距離範囲で進退駆動する主軸5と、先端部の5箇所に切割部(図中、ハッチングしていない部分)6を有しワーク7を把持する際に該ワーク7に当接するコレット8を有する。
【0013】
図2に示すように、該コレット8の先端部9は中間部10よりも肉厚形状であり、外周面側に所定角度に傾斜した円錐面(第1テーパ部)11が形成されている。該コレット8の基部には、ワーク7を把持する際に該ワーク7の挿入量を制限するストッパ部12と、上記基体3と伝達部材16との間に介在させた弾性部材としてのコイルバネ13が設けられている。また、上記切割部6は、先端部9から中間部10(図中、肉薄の部分)にかけて形成され、基部には達していない。先端部9から中間部10に至る部分の内周面はワーク7の外周面に沿うように円筒形の曲面になっている。その内周面の基部側には逃部14が形成されている。
【0014】
また、保持装置1は、上記コレット8を内周方向に締め付けるための作動筒15と、主軸5の進退駆動を上記作動筒15に伝えるための伝達部材16と、コレット8と伝達部材16との相対移動を円滑にするためのOリング17を有する。このOりング17は摺動部分への切粉などの侵入を防止して相対移動を円滑にする機能を有する。作動筒15は、先端部18と中間部24と基部25から成っている。
【0015】
図2に示すように、上記作動筒15の先端部18には、後に詳述するたわみリング19と、該たわみリング19を支持するカラー20と、該カラー20に上記たわみリング19を当てつけ固定するための押さえリング21が設けられている。上記カラー20の内周面には雌ネジ22が形成されている。一方、押さえリング21の外周には雄ネジが形成されている。上記両ネジが噛合することにより、押さえリング21はカラー20に固定されている。そして、たわみリング19はカラー20の内面に形成された段部と上記押さえリング21とに挟まれて、前後方向(図中、左右方向)には脱落しないようになっている。
【0016】
上記作動筒15の中間部24にも雄ネジが形成されており、この雄ネジと上記カラー20の雌ネジ22が噛合すると共に固定ネジ26を押し込むことにより、先端部18が中間部24に固定されている。先端部18およびたわみリング19がコレット8を締め付ける締付量は、中間部24の雄ネジへのカラー20の雌ネジ22の繰り込み量を変えることにより調整できる。
【0017】
たわみリング19の内周面側には、コレット8の先端部9に形成した上記第1テーパ部11と係合する、所定角度に傾斜した円錐面(第2テーパ部)23が形成されている。一方、たわみリング19の外周面側とカラー20の内周面との間隔は、ワーク7を把持していない状態では所定の隙間(a)が形成される寸法関係になっている。この隙間(a)は、ワーク7を保持した際にワーク7の外周形状のうねりを吸収するためのものであり、例えば0.1〜0.2mm程度である。
【0018】
たわみリング19の材料としては、引張強さが強くて靭性があるNAK55(Fe−Ni−Cr−Mo系合金、大同特殊鋼(株)の商品名)等のプレハードン鋼がよい。NAK55は引張強さが約1100(N/mm2)と大きいので、ワーク7を把持した際の変形に対する耐性が高い。また、靭性があるので割れや欠けの懸念が小さくなる。なお、たわみリング19の材料はプレハードン鋼に限定されるものではなく、引張強さや靭性がある材料であればよい。また、安価に入手できるものであれば更によい。
【0019】
次に、保持装置1と工作機械のスピンドル2に取り付ける部位について説明する。スピンドル2の先端部(保持装置1の取り付け側)には内周が円筒面になっている凹部(以下、円筒内周面30という)が形成されている。この内周円筒面30の中心軸はスピンドルの回転中心と一致している。
【0020】
上記内周円筒面30に当接する部位として、保持装置1には2つの位置合わせ部31・32と、この位置合わせ部31・32を上記内周円筒面30に押圧するための板バネからなる弾性部材33が設けられている。この弾性部材33は側面から見ると略L字であり(図1参照)、ネジ等の固定手段34(図3参照)で基体3に固着されている。図3は保持装置のスピンドル取り付け面側から見た平面図であり、点線で示した仮想円がスピンドル2の内周円筒面30に相当する円の大きさである。位置合わせ部31・32の外側の面はスピンドル2の内周円筒面に一致する曲面になっており、その軸中心は保持装置1の回転中心軸と一致する形状になっている。
【0021】
図3に示すように、弾性部材33のL字に折り曲げた先端は、中央部分が平面であり、その両端部がわずかに下方に折り曲げられた形状になっている。上記両端部の折り曲げ量は、保持装置1がスピンドル2に取り付けられていない状態では、スピンドル2の内周円筒面30の大きさに対して、外側に若干張り出している。
【0022】
また、図3において矢印で示すように、保持装置1をスピンドル2に取り付けた際には、上記両端部がスピンドル2の内周円筒面30に当接して内方に折り曲げられて該弾性部材33に弾性力が働き、保持装置1の位置合わせ部31・32が内周円筒面30に押圧される。その結果、スピンドル2の中心軸に保持装置1の中心軸が一致することになる。
【0023】
本実施形態の工作物保持装置によりワーク7を保持するには、工作機械のシリンダにより主軸5を後方向(図中、左方向)に後退させ、コイルバネ13を圧縮するとともに作動筒15を後退させる。その結果、コレット8が内周方向に締め付けられてワーク7が保持される。
【0024】
逆に、ワーク7を取り外すには、工作機械のシリンダにより主軸5を前方向(図中、右方向)に前進させ、コイルバネ13の開放力により作動筒15を前進させ、コレット8を開放する。
【0025】
なお、本発明の位置合わせ部は、2つに限定されることはなく、それ以上であってもよいし、内周円筒面30との当接面が広い場合には一つであってもよい。また、位置合わせ部の形状も半円状のものに限定されず、矩形・円筒形または多角形であってもよい。さらにまた、弾性部材は板バネに限定されず、ゴム部材やコイルバネであってもよい。
【0026】
また、本発明は、ワークを内周方向に締め付けるコレットで保持する上記実施の形態に記載の保持装置に限定されず、外周方向に広がるコレットでワークを保持する保持装置、締め付けナットと抑え治具でワークを保持する保持装置、ネジでワークを保持する保持装置などにも適用でき、ワークを保持する手段には限定されるものではない。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、工作機械への着脱が容易であり、工作機械のスピンドルと保持装置との軸合わせが正確にできる工作物保持装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施形態に係る保持装置の要部断面図である。
【図2】 本発明の実施形態に係る保持装置の先端断面図である。
【図3】 本発明の実施形態に係る保持装置のスピンドル取り付け側の平面図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・保持装置
2・・・スピンドル
3・・・基体
7・・・ワーク(工作物)
30・・・内周円筒面
31/32・・・位置合わせ部
33・・・弾性部材
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a holding device for attaching a workpiece to a machine tool, and to a holding device that can be easily attached to a spindle of the machine tool.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a mechanism for attaching a workpiece (workpiece) holding device to be machined to a spindle of a machine tool, there is a mechanism in which a tapered rod is used (for example, see Patent Document 1). This mechanism has the advantage that the spindle and the holding device can be accurately aligned.
[0003]
As another method, a convex portion having an outer peripheral cylindrical surface that fits into an inner peripheral cylindrical surface formed at the tip of the spindle 1 of the machine tool is provided on the holding device, and this convex portion is fitted to the tip of the spindle 1. There is a mechanism for matching (see, for example, Patent Document 2). This mechanism has an advantage that the connecting portion can be made small.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2675805 (drawing)
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-70433 (FIG. 1)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the mechanism described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide a tapered portion, and there is a drawback that the spindle and the holding device of the machine tool are increased in size. Moreover, in the mechanism described in Patent Document 2, in order to precisely align the spindle and the holding device, it is necessary to reduce the fitting gap, which may cause a problem that the spindle cannot be removed.
[0007]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a workpiece holding device that can be easily attached to and detached from a machine tool and can accurately align the spindle of the machine tool with the holding device.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a first workpiece holding device of the present invention is detachably attachable to a spindle of a machine tool, and is formed at the tip of the spindle in a holding device for gripping a workpiece. It has a curved surface that matches the inner circumferential cylindrical surface, and a positioning portion to match a central axis of the holding device to the central axis of the spindle by the contact to Rukoto part of the inner circumferential cylindrical surface, the holding device A workpiece holding device comprising: an elastic member that presses the positioning portion against the inner peripheral cylindrical surface when attached to the spindle .
[0009]
The second workpiece holding device according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the first device, the positioning portion abuts on the inner peripheral cylindrical surface at at least two places.
A third workpiece holding device of the present invention is characterized in that in the first device, two or more alignment portions are provided.
[0010]
According to a fourth workpiece holding device of the present invention, in the first device, the elastic member is a leaf spring.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A holding device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
A workpiece holding device (hereinafter simply referred to as a holding device) according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining the holding device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main portion of a tip, and FIG. 3 is a plan view from a mounting surface side with a machine tool.
[0012]
The holding device 1 is fixed to a spindle 2 of a machine tool and is rotated with the spindle 2, a plurality of bolts 4 for fixing the base 3 to the spindle 2, and a cylinder (not shown) of the machine tool. ) And the main shaft 5 that is driven back and forth in a predetermined distance range in the front-rear direction (left and right direction in the figure) in conjunction with the operation of the cylinder, and the cutting part (hatched in the figure) A collet 8 that contacts the workpiece 7 when the workpiece 7 is gripped.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, the tip portion 9 of the collet 8 is thicker than the intermediate portion 10, and a conical surface (first taper portion) 11 inclined at a predetermined angle is formed on the outer peripheral surface side. At the base of the collet 8, there are a stopper portion 12 for limiting the amount of insertion of the work 7 when gripping the work 7, and a coil spring 13 as an elastic member interposed between the base 3 and the transmission member 16. Is provided. Moreover, the said cutting part 6 is formed from the front-end | tip part 9 to the intermediate part 10 (thin part in a figure), and has not reached the base. The inner peripheral surface of the portion from the tip portion 9 to the intermediate portion 10 is a cylindrical curved surface so as to follow the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 7. A relief portion 14 is formed on the base side of the inner peripheral surface.
[0014]
The holding device 1 includes an operation cylinder 15 for tightening the collet 8 in the inner circumferential direction, a transmission member 16 for transmitting the advance / retreat drive of the main shaft 5 to the operation cylinder 15, and the collet 8 and the transmission member 16. An O-ring 17 is provided to facilitate relative movement. The O-ring 17 has a function of preventing the entry of chips and the like into the sliding portion and smoothing the relative movement. The working cylinder 15 includes a tip end portion 18, an intermediate portion 24, and a base portion 25.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 2, a flexible ring 19, which will be described in detail later, a collar 20 that supports the flexible ring 19, and the flexible ring 19 is fixed to the collar 20 by abutting the distal end portion 18 of the working cylinder 15. A holding ring 21 is provided. A female screw 22 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the collar 20. On the other hand, a male screw is formed on the outer periphery of the pressing ring 21. The holding ring 21 is fixed to the collar 20 by the engagement of the two screws. The flexible ring 19 is sandwiched between a step portion formed on the inner surface of the collar 20 and the pressing ring 21 so that it does not fall off in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in the figure).
[0016]
A male screw is also formed in the intermediate portion 24 of the operating cylinder 15. The male screw 22 and the female screw 22 of the collar 20 are engaged with each other, and the fixing screw 26 is pushed in, whereby the distal end portion 18 is fixed to the intermediate portion 24. Has been. The tightening amount by which the tip portion 18 and the flexible ring 19 fasten the collet 8 can be adjusted by changing the retraction amount of the female screw 22 of the collar 20 to the male screw of the intermediate portion 24.
[0017]
On the inner peripheral surface side of the flexible ring 19, a conical surface (second taper portion) 23 that is inclined at a predetermined angle and engages with the first taper portion 11 formed at the tip portion 9 of the collet 8 is formed. . On the other hand, the distance between the outer peripheral surface side of the flexible ring 19 and the inner peripheral surface of the collar 20 is such that a predetermined gap (a) is formed when the workpiece 7 is not gripped. This gap (a) is for absorbing the waviness of the outer peripheral shape of the work 7 when the work 7 is held, and is, for example, about 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
[0018]
As a material of the flexure ring 19, prehardened steel such as NAK55 (Fe—Ni—Cr—Mo alloy, trade name of Daido Special Steel Co., Ltd.) having high tensile strength and toughness is preferable. Since NAK55 has a large tensile strength of about 1100 (N / mm 2 ), it has high resistance to deformation when the workpiece 7 is gripped. In addition, since there is toughness, there is less concern about cracking or chipping. The material of the flexure ring 19 is not limited to pre-hardened steel, and any material having tensile strength and toughness may be used. Further, it is better if it can be obtained at a low cost.
[0019]
Next, a description will be given of parts to be attached to the holding device 1 and the spindle 2 of the machine tool. A concave portion (hereinafter, referred to as a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 30) having an inner periphery that is a cylindrical surface is formed at the tip of the spindle 2 (on the attachment side of the holding device 1). The central axis of the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 30 coincides with the rotation center of the spindle.
[0020]
The holding device 1 includes two alignment portions 31 and 32 and a leaf spring for pressing the alignment portions 31 and 32 against the inner circumferential cylindrical surface 30 as a portion that contacts the inner circumferential cylindrical surface 30. An elastic member 33 is provided. The elastic member 33 is substantially L-shaped when viewed from the side (see FIG. 1), and is fixed to the base 3 by fixing means 34 (see FIG. 3) such as screws. FIG. 3 is a plan view seen from the spindle mounting surface side of the holding device, and a virtual circle indicated by a dotted line is the size of a circle corresponding to the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 30 of the spindle 2. The outer surfaces of the alignment portions 31 and 32 are curved surfaces that coincide with the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the spindle 2, and the axis center thereof is a shape that coincides with the rotation center axis of the holding device 1.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the elastic member 33 bent into an L shape has a flat central portion, and both ends thereof are bent slightly downward. When the holding device 1 is not attached to the spindle 2, the bending amount of the both end portions slightly protrudes outward with respect to the size of the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 30 of the spindle 2.
[0022]
As indicated by arrows in FIG. 3, when the holding device 1 is attached to the spindle 2, the both end portions are brought into contact with the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 30 of the spindle 2 and bent inward, thereby the elastic member 33. The elastic force acts on the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 30 so that the alignment portions 31 and 32 of the holding device 1 are pressed. As a result, the central axis of the holding device 1 coincides with the central axis of the spindle 2.
[0023]
In order to hold the workpiece 7 by the workpiece holding device of this embodiment, the spindle 5 is moved backward (leftward in the figure) by the cylinder of the machine tool, the coil spring 13 is compressed, and the working cylinder 15 is moved backward. . As a result, the collet 8 is tightened in the inner circumferential direction and the work 7 is held.
[0024]
Conversely, in order to remove the workpiece 7, the main shaft 5 is advanced forward (rightward in the figure) by the cylinder of the machine tool, the operating cylinder 15 is advanced by the opening force of the coil spring 13, and the collet 8 is opened.
[0025]
Note that the number of alignment portions of the present invention is not limited to two, and may be more than that, or may be one when the contact surface with the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 30 is wide. Good. Further, the shape of the alignment portion is not limited to a semicircular shape, and may be a rectangle, a cylinder, or a polygon. Furthermore, the elastic member is not limited to a leaf spring, and may be a rubber member or a coil spring.
[0026]
Further, the present invention is not limited to the holding device described in the above embodiment that holds a workpiece with a collet that tightens the workpiece in the inner circumferential direction, but a holding device that holds the workpiece with a collet spreading in the outer circumferential direction, a clamping nut, and a holding jig. The present invention can also be applied to a holding device for holding a workpiece, a holding device for holding a workpiece with screws, and the like, and the means for holding the workpiece is not limited.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the attachment or detachment to a machine tool is easy, and the workpiece holding apparatus which can perform the axial alignment with the spindle of a machine tool and a holding apparatus correctly can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a holding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a holding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a spindle mounting side of the holding device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Holding apparatus 2 ... Spindle 3 ... Base | substrate 7 ... Workpiece | work (workpiece)
30 ... Inner peripheral cylindrical surface 31/32 ... Positioning portion 33 ... Elastic member

Claims (4)

工作機械のスピンドルに着脱自在に取り付け可能であり、工作物を把持する保持装置において、
上記スピンドルの先端に形成された内周円筒面に一致する曲面を有し、該内周円筒面の一部に当接ることにより上記スピンドルの中心軸に保持装置の中心軸を一致させる位置合わせ部と、
上記保持装置を上記スピンドルに取り付けたとき、上記位置合わせ部を上記内周円筒面に押圧して当接させる弾性部材と、
を具備することを特徴とする工作物保持装置。
In the holding device that can be detachably attached to the spindle of the machine tool and grips the workpiece,
Has a curved surface that matches the inner cylindrical surface formed on the tip of the spindle, the position of matching the central axis of the holding device by the contact to Rukoto part of the inner circumferential cylindrical surface to the central axis of the spindle A mating section;
When the holding device is attached to the spindle, an elastic member that presses and contacts the alignment portion against the inner circumferential cylindrical surface;
A workpiece holding device characterized by comprising:
上記位置合わせ部は、少なくとも2箇所以上で上記内周円筒面に当接することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作物保持装置。  The workpiece holding device according to claim 1, wherein the alignment unit is in contact with the inner peripheral cylindrical surface at at least two locations. 2以上の位置合わせ部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作物保持装置。  The workpiece holding device according to claim 1, wherein two or more alignment portions are provided. 上記弾性部材は、板バネであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作物保持装置。  The workpiece holding device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is a leaf spring.
JP2002291179A 2002-10-03 2002-10-03 Workpiece holding device Expired - Fee Related JP4166544B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002291179A JP4166544B2 (en) 2002-10-03 2002-10-03 Workpiece holding device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002291179A JP4166544B2 (en) 2002-10-03 2002-10-03 Workpiece holding device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004122309A JP2004122309A (en) 2004-04-22
JP4166544B2 true JP4166544B2 (en) 2008-10-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002291179A Expired - Fee Related JP4166544B2 (en) 2002-10-03 2002-10-03 Workpiece holding device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4166544B2 (en)

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JP2004122309A (en) 2004-04-22

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