JP4158393B2 - Propeller fan - Google Patents

Propeller fan Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4158393B2
JP4158393B2 JP2002085482A JP2002085482A JP4158393B2 JP 4158393 B2 JP4158393 B2 JP 4158393B2 JP 2002085482 A JP2002085482 A JP 2002085482A JP 2002085482 A JP2002085482 A JP 2002085482A JP 4158393 B2 JP4158393 B2 JP 4158393B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
blade
propeller fan
small wing
fan
triangular pyramid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2002085482A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003278696A (en
Inventor
正道 岩崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002085482A priority Critical patent/JP4158393B2/en
Publication of JP2003278696A publication Critical patent/JP2003278696A/en
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Publication of JP4158393B2 publication Critical patent/JP4158393B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、空気調和機などの送風ファンに適用するプロペラファンに関し、詳しくはブレードの構造に係わる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
頭記のプロペラファンには、ファン性能の向上化,および静粛性を確保する上からも低騒音性が求められている。
次に、従来のプロペラファンに採用されている流れの剥離防止,低騒音化対策の例を図2,図3に示す。なお、図中で1は駆動モータ(図示せず)に連結したハブ、2はハブ1の外周から張り出したブレード(3枚羽根)である。
【0003】
まず、図2に例示するプロペラファンにおいて、ブレード2はハブ側の根元部から外周部に向けて翼弦長が増大し、かつ外周部の先端2aが回転方向Aに向けて尖った形状としている。このブレード形状により、ファンの運転時にはブレード2の外周部先端2aの尖った前縁で生じた縦渦がブレード2の翼面(負圧面)における表面層流境界層の剥離発生を抑制するとともに、翼端で生じる翼端渦の渦度の集中化を抑えることでファンの騒音が低減すると考えられている。
【0004】
また、図3の例においては、ブレード2の翼面(負圧面側)全域にフィン状の突起(あるいは溝)3を分散形成し、このフィン状突起(あるいは溝)3により流れに擾乱を与えて乱流遷移を促進し、乱流の混合作用によりブレード表面に乱流境界層を形成して剥離の発生を防ぐようにしている。
そのほか、特開平8−177792号公報に開示されているように、ブレードの回転方向Aに対する後縁側に三角錐状の凸状ガイドあるいはくぼみを設け、翼面(負圧面)に生じた流れの剥離による大きな渦(剥離点には下流側に逆流が生じて大きな渦を発生し、これが基で騒音(空気振動)が大きくなる)を微小にして騒音を低減するようにした低騒音対策も知られている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、前記した従来構成のプロペラファンでは次記のような課題が残る。すなわち、図2に示したプロペラファンのブレード形状では、ブレードの尖った先端から生じる縦渦の広がる範囲がブレードの外周部に限られ、特にファンの静圧上昇が必要とされる環境下では半径方向に離れたブレードの根元側範囲に流れの剥離が生じ易く、ブレード表面の全体での剥離防止機能を確保することが困難である。
【0006】
また、図3の構成では、ファンに流入する流れの変動が大きい環境下では、剥離防止,低騒音機能を十分に確保できないほか、フィン状突起あるいは溝を形成するためにファンの製作費がコスト高となる。
本発明は上記の点に鑑みなされたものであり、製造コストを大幅に高めることなく、かつファンに流入する流れの変動が大きい環境下においても、ブレード翼面上での剥離を効果的に抑制してファン性能の向上,および低騒音化が達成できるように改良したプロペラファンを提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明によれば、ハブの外周に複数枚のブレードを備えたプロペラファンにおいて、各ブレードの回転方向に対する前縁にその回転方向に向けて突出する鋸歯状の小ウイングを設けるとともに、この小ウイングの面上の負圧面側に***する三角錐状の凸部を設ける(請求項1)ものとし、具体的には次記のような態様で構成する。

【0008】
(1) ブレードを樹脂製として、小ウイングおよび三角錐状の凸部をブレードと一体に成形する(請求項2)。
(2) ブレードを鋼板製として、小ウイングの板面に三角錐状の凸部をプレス加工して形成する(請求項3)。
上記のように、ブレードの前縁に、その回転方向に向けて突き出す鋸歯状の小ウイング,および小ウイングの面上(負圧面側)に***する三角錐状の凸部を設けることにより、この凸部付き小ウイングがボルテックスジェネレータ(渦発生器)として機能すると同時に、ファンの運転時には小ウイングの先端から生じた縦渦が三角錐状凸部の側面に沿ってブレード表面上に広がる。これにより、主流の変動による影響やブレード表面上の層流境界層の剥離による影響が回避されて流れの剥離に起因する圧力抵抗,騒音が低減する。しかも、小ウイングの翼面に三角錐状の凸部を設けることで、小ウイングの先端から生じる縦渦の強さ,大きさが助長され、ブレード表面上での縦渦の崩壊を遅延させることかでき、ファンに流入する流れの変動が大きい環境下でも安定した層流境界層の剥離防止機能を確保できる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図1(a),(b) に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。図示実施例においては、ブレード2に対する境界層制御手段として、各ブレード2の前縁に沿って回転方向に突き出す鋸歯状の小ウイング4を分散して形成するとともに、小ウイング4の翼面上にはその負圧面側に***する三角錐状の凸部5が形成されている。
【0010】
ここで、ブレード2が樹脂製である場合には、前記の小ウイング4および凸部5をブレード2と一体に成形する。また、ブレード2が鋼板製である場合には、プレス加工により小ウイング4の裏面側から凸部5を押出し形成する。
上記構成により、ファンの運転時にはブレード2の前縁に形成した鋸歯状の小ウイング4がボルテックスジェネレータとして機能すると同時に、その尖った先端から生じた縦渦が三角錐状の凸部5をガイドとして下流側に広がり、翼面上で下向きの二次流れを作りだすことでブレード翼面(負圧面)の境界層の厚さを薄くすることができる。これにより、ファンに流入する主流の変動による影響やブレード表面上における層流境界層の剥離発生の影響を効果的に回避できる。
【0011】
この場合に、図示例のように鋸歯状の小ウイング5に三角錐状の凸部5を組合せることで、小ウイング4の尖った先端から生じる縦渦をより安定に発生,分散させることができ、ファンに流入する流れの変動が大きい環境下においても、安定した剥離防止機能を発揮する。しかも、小ウイング4,三角錐状凸部5はブレード2の前縁に設けるだけでよく、かつ前述のように樹脂成形,プレス加工により簡単に形成できるので製造コストが大幅にアップすることもない。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明の構成によれば、ハブの外周に複数枚のブレードを備えたプロペラファンにおいて、各ブレードの回転方向に対する前縁に、流れの剥離を防止する境界層制御手段として負圧面側に三角錐状の凸部が***する鋸歯状の小ウイングを設けたことにより、簡易の構成でファンの性能向上,および低騒音化が達成でき、特に空気調和機の送風ファンとして静粛性改善に優れた効果を発揮する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例によるプロペラファンの構成図で、(a) はファン全体の正面図、(b) は(a) における小ウイング部分の拡大斜視図
【図2】従来例のブレード形状を示すプロペラファンの正面図
【図3】ブレードの翼面上に凸部(ないし溝)を形成した従来例のプロペラファンの正面図
【符号の説明】
1 ハブ
2 ブレード
4 鋸歯状の小ウイング
5 三角錐状の凸部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a propeller fan applied to a blower fan such as an air conditioner, and more particularly to a blade structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The propeller fan mentioned above is required to have low noise in order to improve fan performance and ensure quietness.
Next, FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of the flow separation prevention and noise reduction measures adopted in the conventional propeller fan. In the figure, 1 is a hub connected to a drive motor (not shown), and 2 is a blade (three blades) protruding from the outer periphery of the hub 1.
[0003]
First, in the propeller fan illustrated in FIG. 2, the blade 2 has a chord length that increases from the base portion on the hub side toward the outer peripheral portion, and the tip 2 a of the outer peripheral portion is pointed toward the rotation direction A. . Due to this blade shape, the vertical vortex generated at the sharp front edge of the outer peripheral tip 2a of the blade 2 during the operation of the fan suppresses the occurrence of separation of the surface laminar boundary layer on the blade surface (negative pressure surface) of the blade 2, It is considered that the noise of the fan is reduced by suppressing the concentration of the vorticity of the tip vortex generated at the tip.
[0004]
In the example of FIG. 3, fin-like protrusions (or grooves) 3 are formed in a distributed manner over the entire blade surface (negative pressure surface side) of the blade 2, and the flow is disturbed by the fin-like protrusions (or grooves) 3. Turbulent transition is promoted, and a turbulent boundary layer is formed on the blade surface by the mixing action of the turbulent flow to prevent separation.
In addition, as disclosed in JP-A-8-177792, a triangular pyramid-shaped convex guide or depression is provided on the trailing edge side with respect to the rotation direction A of the blade, and separation of the flow generated on the blade surface (negative pressure surface) is provided. There is also a low noise measure that reduces noise by minimizing the large vortex caused by the vortex (back flow occurs downstream at the separation point, generating a large vortex, which increases noise (air vibration)) ing.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the following problems remain in the propeller fan having the above-described conventional configuration. That is, in the blade shape of the propeller fan shown in FIG. 2, the range in which the vertical vortex generated from the pointed tip of the blade spreads is limited to the outer periphery of the blade, and the radius is particularly large in an environment where the fan static pressure needs to be increased. Flow separation is likely to occur in the base side range of the blade separated in the direction, and it is difficult to ensure a separation preventing function on the entire blade surface.
[0006]
In addition, in the configuration of FIG. 3, in an environment where the flow flowing into the fan is large, it is not possible to sufficiently ensure the prevention of peeling and the low noise function, and the manufacturing cost of the fan is high because fin-shaped protrusions or grooves are formed. Become high.
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and effectively suppresses the separation on the blade blade surface even in an environment where the fluctuation of the flow flowing into the fan is large without significantly increasing the manufacturing cost. Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved propeller fan that can improve fan performance and reduce noise.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in a propeller fan having a plurality of blades on the outer periphery of a hub, a small sawtooth-shaped protrusion projecting in the rotational direction at the leading edge with respect to the rotational direction of each blade. In addition to providing a wing, a triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion protruding on the suction surface side on the surface of the small wing is provided (Claim 1), and specifically, configured in the following manner.

[0008]
(1) The blade is made of resin, and the small wing and the triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion are formed integrally with the blade (Claim 2).
(2) The blade is made of steel plate, and a triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion is formed by pressing on the surface of the small wing (claim 3).
As described above, by providing a serrated small wing protruding in the rotation direction on the leading edge of the blade and a triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion protruding on the surface of the small wing (on the suction surface side), The small wing with the convex portion functions as a vortex generator (vortex generator), and at the same time, the vertical vortex generated from the tip of the small wing spreads on the blade surface along the side surface of the triangular pyramidal convex portion when the fan is operated. As a result, the influence due to the fluctuation of the main flow and the influence due to the separation of the laminar boundary layer on the blade surface are avoided, and the pressure resistance and noise caused by the separation of the flow are reduced. Moreover, by providing a triangular pyramid-shaped convex part on the blade surface of the small wing, the strength and size of the vertical vortex generated from the tip of the small wing is promoted, and the collapse of the vertical vortex on the blade surface is delayed. However, a stable laminar boundary layer separation preventing function can be ensured even in an environment where the fluctuation of the flow flowing into the fan is large.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the examples shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). In the illustrated embodiment, as boundary layer control means for the blades 2, sawtooth-shaped small wings 4 that protrude in the rotational direction along the front edges of the blades 2 are formed in a distributed manner on the blade surface of the small wings 4. Is formed with a triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion 5 protruding on the suction surface side.
[0010]
Here, when the blade 2 is made of resin, the small wing 4 and the convex portion 5 are formed integrally with the blade 2. When the blade 2 is made of a steel plate, the convex portion 5 is formed by extrusion from the back side of the small wing 4 by press working.
With the above configuration, the sawtooth small wing 4 formed on the front edge of the blade 2 functions as a vortex generator during the operation of the fan, and at the same time, the vertical vortex generated from the sharp tip uses the triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion 5 as a guide. By spreading downstream and creating a downward secondary flow on the blade surface, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the boundary layer on the blade blade surface (suction surface). Thereby, the influence by the fluctuation | variation of the main flow which flows in into a fan, and the influence of peeling generation | occurrence | production of the laminar flow boundary layer on a blade surface can be avoided effectively.
[0011]
In this case, the vertical vortex generated from the pointed tip of the small wing 4 can be more stably generated and dispersed by combining the triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion 5 with the sawtooth small wing 5 as shown in the illustrated example. It is possible to perform a stable peeling prevention function even in an environment where the fluctuation of the flow flowing into the fan is large. In addition, the small wing 4 and the triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion 5 need only be provided on the front edge of the blade 2 and can be easily formed by resin molding and pressing as described above, so that the manufacturing cost is not significantly increased. .
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, in the propeller fan having a plurality of blades on the outer periphery of the hub, as the boundary layer control means for preventing the separation of the flow at the leading edge with respect to the rotation direction of each blade. By providing a serrated small wing with raised triangular pyramid-shaped protrusions on the suction side, fan performance can be improved and noise can be reduced with a simple structure, especially as a blower fan for air conditioners. Demonstrates excellent effect on improving the performance.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a propeller fan according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a front view of the entire fan, and (b) is an enlarged perspective view of a small wing portion in (a). Front view of propeller fan showing shape [FIG. 3] Front view of a conventional propeller fan in which convex portions (or grooves) are formed on the blade surface of the blade [Explanation of symbols]
1 Hub 2 Blade 4 Sawtooth-shaped small wing 5 Triangular pyramid-shaped convex part

Claims (3)

ハブの外周に複数枚のブレードを備えたプロペラファンにおいて、各ブレードの回転方向に対する前縁にその回転方向に向けて突出する鋸歯状の小ウイングを設けるとともに、この小ウイングの面上の負圧面側に***する三角錐状の凸部を設けることを特徴とするプロペラファン。In a propeller fan having a plurality of blades on the outer periphery of the hub, a serrated small wing projecting toward the rotation direction is provided at the leading edge of each blade in the rotation direction , and a suction surface on the surface of the small wing A propeller fan characterized by providing a triangular pyramid-shaped convex part protruding to the side . 請求項1記載のプロペラファンにおいて、ブレードが樹脂製であり、小ウイングおよび三角錐状の凸部をブレードと一体に成形したことを特徴とするプロペラファン。2. The propeller fan according to claim 1, wherein the blade is made of resin, and a small wing and a triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion are formed integrally with the blade. 請求項1記載のプロペラファンにおいて、ブレードが鋼板製であり、小ウイングの板面に三角錐状の凸部をプレス加工して形成したことを特徴とするプロペラファン。2. The propeller fan according to claim 1, wherein the blade is made of a steel plate and is formed by pressing a triangular pyramid-shaped convex portion on a plate surface of the small wing.
JP2002085482A 2002-03-26 2002-03-26 Propeller fan Expired - Fee Related JP4158393B2 (en)

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CN102197228B (en) * 2008-10-22 2014-05-14 夏普株式会社 Propeller fan, fluid feeder and mold

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