JP4155542B2 - Exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb molded body and method for preventing clogging thereof - Google Patents

Exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb molded body and method for preventing clogging thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4155542B2
JP4155542B2 JP2000008488A JP2000008488A JP4155542B2 JP 4155542 B2 JP4155542 B2 JP 4155542B2 JP 2000008488 A JP2000008488 A JP 2000008488A JP 2000008488 A JP2000008488 A JP 2000008488A JP 4155542 B2 JP4155542 B2 JP 4155542B2
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exhaust gas
treatment apparatus
honeycomb
molded body
sphere
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JP2001201033A (en
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智 関原
恭幸 相浦
暁 別府
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Nippon Soda Co Ltd
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Nippon Soda Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ハニカム型成形体を有する粉塵を含む排ガス処理装置に関し、更に詳しくは排ガス中に含まれる可燃性有害成分や可燃性悪臭成分を触媒燃焼又は直接燃焼させて無害無臭な物質に変化させると共にその際に生ずる熱を回収して排ガス処理に再利用するハニカム型成形体を有する蓄熱型排ガス処理装置に関し、更には、前記のハニカム型成形体の目詰防止方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
排ガス中に含まれる可燃性有害成分や可燃性悪臭成分を触媒燃焼又は直接燃焼させて無害無臭な物質に変化させる装置として、熱交換器付き直接燃焼式、触媒式の装置等が知られているが、中でもその熱効率の点から蓄熱式の装置が最近注目されている。
【0003】
蓄熱式装置に用いられる蓄熱体の構造としては、種々の形が提案されているが、熱効率が優れているという点でハニカム構造を有する蓄熱体が多く用いられている。また、触媒式装置においても、触媒効率が優れていることから、同様にハニカム型の成形触媒が多く用いられている。
【0004】
しかし、発電ボイラー、内燃機関、コークス炉、焼却炉等の種々の工場プロセス排ガス中には、可燃性有害成分や可燃性悪臭成分以外にもダスト等の微細粒が置く含まれており、ダストによるハニカム成形体開口部の閉塞に伴う圧損の増大、それに伴うエネルギー消費量の増大等の問題を引き起こしていた。
【0005】
上記閉塞を防止するために、(イ)ハニカム成形体の開口部を大きくする、(ロ)ハニカム成形体の壁厚を薄くする、(ハ)スートブローを頻繁に行う等の方法が考えられるが、上記(イ)の方法では、熱効率、触媒効率を下げる結果、全容量を大きくする必要があり、(ロ)の方法ではハニカム成形体の機械的強度が低下し、更に(ハ)の方法では、経済的理由と共に、ハニカム成形体の強度をやはり弱めることなる。
【0006】
特開昭57−50532号公報には、ハニカム型成形触媒のガス流入口の前面に、このハニカム型成形触媒の横断面と同一又は相似のハニカム断面形状を有し、その壁厚がハニカム型成形触媒の壁厚よりも厚くなく、かつハニカム型成形触媒と接する側の壁の厚さがハニカム型成形触媒の壁厚より薄くない耐熱性基材からなるハニカム形状の保護具を、上記ハニカム型成形触媒の流入口又は流出口に、緊密に接触した状態、10mm以内に離れた状態又ははかまのように被せた状態で、かつ上記ハニカム型触媒と上記保護具とのハニカム形状が実質的に重なるように取り付けることによりダストが堆積するのを防止できることが記載されている。
【0007】
しかし、上記保護具を実質的にハニカム型成形触媒に密着させることは技術に難しく、又同一又は相似のハニカム断面形状を有する保護具はその形状によっては困難な場合がある。
また、ハニカム型の成形体は、その機械的強度の関係及び焼結生成時の熱による歪みの問題から構造上縦方向の長さに制限があり、熱効率、触媒効率を考えた場合、ハニカム型成形体を複数段に積層して用いる場合がある。この場合、各層の中間を完全に密着させることが困難であり、その結果、各層にダストが堆積する問題が生じる。このような場合には、上記の方法ではこの問題を解決することは困難であった。
【0008】
本発明は、ダスト等の微細粒の含む排ガスを処理するハニカム型成形触媒又は同様の排ガスの処理に用いられる加熱脱臭炉のハニカム型成形蓄熱体において、触媒効率又は熱効率を損なうことなく効率的にダストによる目詰を防止する方法を提供するものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、ハニカム型成形体の片面又は両面に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出する力と球体の自重とのバランスによりハニカム成形体上で球体が上下左右に適度に移動し、その際の衝撃又は摩擦で堆積物を拭き取る若しくは飛散させることができることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0010】
即ち、本発明は、ハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置であって、ハニカム型成形体の片面及又は両面に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出に伴って前記球体が上下及び/又は左右に移動することができるようにしたことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置(請求項1)に関し、更に詳しくはハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置であって、ハニカム型成形体が複数段に積層されて用いられ、その複数段全体の片面又は両面、並びに各段の中間に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出に伴って前記球体が上下及び/又は左右に移動することができるようにしたことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置(請求項2)に関する。
【0011】
また、球体の周囲を囲む壁を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の排ガス処理装置(請求項3)に関し、単一又は複数段に積層されたハニカム型成形体が上下方向に配置されたおり、かつハニカム型成形体の最下面に球体を支持する網目状構造体を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置(請求項4)に関する。
【0012】
更に、燃焼室に連通した複数の部屋に単一又は複数段に積層されたハニカム型成形体が蓄熱体として配置されており、各部屋に対して被処理ガスの供給、パージガスの供給、及び燃焼室内で酸化分解した処理ガスの排気を順次切り換えながら排ガスを処理することを特徴とする請求項1〜4に記載の排ガス処理装置(請求項5)に関する。
【0013】
また、球体の最大幅がハニカム型成形体の各開口部の最大幅よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置(請求項6)、球体がセラミックス製であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置(請求項7)、また球体をハニカム型成形体単体開口部に対して0.2〜0.7個用いることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の排ガス装置(請求項8)に関する。
【0014】
また、排ガスが粉塵を含む排ガスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置(請求項9)に関する。更に、ハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置において、ハニカム型成形体の片面又は両面に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出に伴って前記球体が上下及び/又は左右に移動することによりハニカム成形体の各開口部の堆積物を除去することを特徴とするハニカム型成形体の目詰防止方法(請求項10)に関する。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられるハニカム型成形体は、排ガス処理装置においては、蓄熱体として用いられ、更に成形体各セルの内壁に触媒をコーティングすることにより又は材質中に触媒を混合して成形することにより触媒として機能する。
ハニカム型成形体は、例えば、コージライト磁器などで形成される単体を平面状に並列させて形成される。ハニカム単体は、通常、高さが5〜30cmで、成形体全体の開口密度は、熱効率又は触媒効率を考慮して、50〜400セル/inch2の比較的細かいものが用いられる。また、セルの開口部の形状は、三角形、四角形、六角形、八角形等の多角形、その他円形、サインウエーブ等どのような形状であってもよいが、四角形が製作上好ましい。
【0016】
ハニカム型成形体は、単一で用いることもできるが、熱効率、触媒活性等を考慮して複数段に積層して使用することもできる。積層する場合、各段の間を密着して用いることもできるが、完全に密着させることが技術的に困難であることから適度な空間を設けることもできる。その際、図3に示すように各段の中間に空間を確保するためにスペーサー31を配置することができる。スペーサーの形状、大きさ、高さ、材質、数量は、各段を一定の位置に支持することができれば特に制限されない。具体的には、ハニカム成形体が150mm四方の場合、直径10mmの丸棒で外枠130mm、内枠110mmの正方形の枠を例示することができる。ハニカム成形体を確実に積層させるため、成形体の外周よりも若干小さ目の大きさに設定するのが好ましい。また、スペーサーは球体の飛散を防止する壁の役割をすることになる。
【0017】
ハニカム型成形体を縦型に配置し下部に球体を設けた場合、例えば図2に示すように球体を保持する網目状構造体23を設置することができる。網目状構造体23は、球体を保持できるだけの目の粗さがあれば特に制限されず、材質はセラミック、金属等の耐熱性のある材質であればどんなものでも用いることができる。
【0018】
網目構造体は、開口面に対して、球体の最大幅よりも長い距離で、しかも球体が排ガスの流入出に伴って上下左右運動し開口部に接触できるような位置に配するのが好ましい。また、前記網目構造体とハニカム成形体の間に、先に述べたと同様の働きをするスペーサーを設けることができる。
【0019】
ハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置は、例えば、図1に示すように、燃焼室に連通した複数の部屋に単一又は複数段に積層したハニカム型成形体を有し、各部屋に対して被処理ガスの供給、パージガスの供給、及び燃焼室内で酸化分解した処理ガスの排気を順次切り換えながら排ガスを処理する装置を例示することができる。
【0020】
上記3つの動作は、ある一定間隔をおいて切り替えることにより行うこともできるが、後述するように特殊なロータリー分配弁等を用いて連続的に行うこともできる。連続的に切り替えた場合の方が、球体の運動を促進し除去効果を向上させることができる。
【0021】
図1を用いて、更に詳しく説明する。図1において便宜上蓄熱型排ガス処理装置として説明を行うが、ハニカム型成形体を蓄熱体としてではなく触媒として用いることもできる。図1においては、内部にハニカム型蓄熱体(3a、3b)を上下2段に配した蓄熱室(2A、2B、2C)とこれら蓄熱室の頂部と連通した燃焼室5とを備え、各蓄熱室2A、2B、2Cの底部には、被処理ガス供給管7、処理ガス排出管8及びパージガス供給管9の各分枝管をそれぞれ接続してあり、前記燃焼室5にはバーナ6を設けてある。上部蓄熱体3bの表面、上部蓄熱体3bと下部蓄熱体3aの中間4、下部蓄熱体の下面にはセラミック製の小球が設けられており、下部蓄熱体の下部に設けられた小球を支持するために、網目状セラミック板16が設けられている。また、4及び3aと16の間にスペーサーが設置されている。
【0022】
被処理ガスは、まず蓄熱室2Aに入れられ熱を加えられた蓄熱体部を上昇通過することで予熱されその後、高温雰囲気下の燃焼室で酸化分解されクリーンなガスとなり、蓄熱室2Bの蓄熱体部を下降通過しながら蓄熱体に熱を与えて排気される。
【0023】
その間蓄熱2Cではクリーンなガスを導入し、1サイクル前の処理で配管や蓄熱室に滞留している未処理ガスを上方へパージし燃焼室で酸化分解され、蓄熱室2Bを経由して排気される。
第1サイクルで一定時間経過後、処理ガスとパージガスのバルブを切り換えることにより、第1サイクルでは処理ガス入側であった蓄熱室2Aがパージとなり、蓄熱体は降温→除冷状態に、クリーンガス出側であった蓄熱室2Bが処理ガス入側になり蓄熱体は昇温→降温状態に、パージであった蓄熱室2Cがクリーンガス出側になり蓄熱体は除冷→昇温状態になる。尚、第1図における各切換弁12a、12b、12c、13a、13b、13c及び14a、14b、14cにおいて□は開状態、■は閉状態を示し、第1図は上記した第1サイクルの状態を示す図である。
【0024】
第2サイクルで一定時間経過後、再び処理ガスとパージガスバルブを切り換え、第2サークルではパージであった蓄熱室2Aがクリーンガス出側となり、蓄熱体は除冷→昇温状態に、処理ガス入側であった蓄熱室2Bがパージとなり、蓄熱体は降温→除冷状態に、クリーンガス出側であった蓄熱室2Cが処理ガス入側となり蓄熱体は昇温→降温状態になる。この状態が一定時間経過後、再びバルブを切り換えることにより、元の第1サイクルに戻り、順次このシーケンスを繰り返すことで、被処理ガスを効率よく加熱酸化分解できる。
【0025】
本発明の方法は、例えば図2に示すように各蓄熱室への被処理ガスの供給、パージガスの供給、処理ガスの排出を回転式の切り換え弁(分配弁)により順次切り換える構成とした処理装置にも容易に採用することができる。また、ハニカム型成形体が蓄熱体のみならず、ハニカム型触媒においても適用することができる。
【0026】
図2において、各蓄熱室17に連通する開口28aを有する固定弁28と、該固定弁28と対向配置され、それぞれ図示しない被処理ガス供給用開口、パージガス供給用開口、及び処理ガス排出用開口を、周方向に所定間隔をあけて設けた回転弁32からなる切換弁33を取り付けている。また、被処理ガス供給管18を接続する一方、回転弁32を回転可能に支持する支持体19には処理ガス排出管34、及びパージガス管20を接続している。このようにすれば、各蓄熱室17に対して回転弁32の回転により、被処理ガスの供給、パージガスの供給、及び処理ガスの排出を順次切り換えることができる。
【0027】
なお、固定弁28の各開口28aと各蓄熱室17とは、図2(B)に示すように、各蓄熱室17の下部にダクト25を設け、固定弁28の各開口28aを塞ぐように設けたフランジ27とダクト25を配管26で連通し、開口28aと蓄熱室17が1対1で対応するように接続すればよい。
【0028】
用いる球体の大きさは、その最大幅がハニカム型成形体の各単位開口部の最大幅よりも大きければ特に制限されないが、排ガスの流入又は流出速度と球体の自重を考慮してして球体が、適度の運動を行える大きさに調節する。例えば、ハニカム型成形体の各単位開口部最大幅の1.1倍〜4倍くらいの最大幅を有する球体が好ましい。
【0029】
球体の形状は真球である必要はなく、多少楕円状に変形しているものでも使用することができる。また、球体の重量を考慮して中空状の球体を使用することもできる。また、排ガスの流れを拡散させて球体の運動を促進するために表面に凹凸を設けたり、中空状の球体の表面に貫通する小孔を1つ以上設けることもできる。
【0030】
材質は、耐熱性があれば特に制限されず、セラミック、金属等いずれも使用することができるが、耐摩耗性等を考慮した場合、セラミックが好ましい。
用いる球体の数は、特に制限されないが、ハニカム型成形体単体開口部に対して0.2〜0.7個用いるのが好ましい。
【0031】
本発明の方法は、あらゆる排ガスを処理する装置に適用が可能であるが、特に微粒子の粉塵を多く含む排ガスの処理において顕著な効果を有する。粉塵としては、煤煙、塩、等が挙げられる。
【0032】
粉塵を多く含む排ガスがハニカム型成形体を通過し排出される際、急激に拡散することから気流の乱れが生じ、粉塵の多くはガスの排出口付近に堆積する。各セルの流路は通常1〜2mm前後であり、多量の粉塵が連続的に排出された場合、すぐに各流路は堆積した粉塵で塞がれ、大きな圧損を生じることとなる。この場合、本発明の球体を開口面に配することで、例えば、排ガスの流出に伴って球体が緩やかに吹き上げられ、自重もしくは球体の回転による気流の乱れにより、球体は開口面上を上下左右に移動し、その際の衝撃、摩擦等により、堆積した粉塵を巻き上げることで、目詰りを防ぐことができる。
【0033】
ハニカム型成形体を数段積層し中間にスペーサーを設けた場合、そのスペーサー内に球体を配置することにより、球体の偏りや飛散を防ぐことができ目詰防止効果を上げることができる。
【0034】
【実施例】
以下実施例により詳細に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲はかかる実施例により限定されるものではない。
【0035】
実施例
100セル/inch2のハニカム状で大きさが150mm×150mm×150mm蓄熱体と100セル/inch2のハニカム状で大きさが150mm×150mm×300mm蓄熱体を上下2段に重ね、下段の蓄熱体の下には高さ10mmの間隔でセラミック製の網を配置した。上下蓄熱体の中間及び下部蓄熱体とその下に設けられた網との中間に太さ10mmの丸棒を角の部分のみが互いに接触するように敷き並べ、真四角状のスペーサーとして、そのような蓄熱室を8室有する処理装置を用いた。各部屋を順番に1〜8とした場合、ガス供給→ガス排出→ガスパージの工程を1、2、3→4、5、6→7、8の組み合わせで順次サイクルして行う。各ハニカム蓄熱体の上部、中間、及び下部に直径4〜6ミリのセラミックボールを3.1kgづつ配した。炭酸カルシウムを凡そ15mg/m3含む排ガスを蓄熱体に入る手前で130℃まで加熱し、更に蓄熱体上段上面部での断面風速が4m/秒になるように調節してガス導入し、燃焼室の温度が800℃に維持されているハニカム型蓄熱体中を通し、上部燃焼室で酸化分解した場合に、連続運転2ヶ月でも圧損は上昇せずに運転可能であった。また、セラミックの小球を設けたことによる熱効率の低下は見られなかった。排ガスと一緒に排出された粉塵は別の集塵装置により捕集した。
【0036】
比較例
セラミックの小球を設けない以外は実施例と同様にして排ガスを処理したところ、連続運転2週間で圧損が増大し、目詰を起こし、掃除する必要があった。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明は、ハニカム型成形体の性能(触媒能、熱効率)を損なうことなく、しかも、粉塵の多いガスの処理において効果的にハニカム成形体の目詰を防止できることから、従来のような頻繁に運転を休止して清掃する必要がなく長期安定して操業することが可能となった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置による被処理ガスの処理工程を示す概略図である。
【図2】本発明の具体的構成を示した蓄熱式排ガス処理装置であり、(A)は斜視図であり、(B)は(A)の要部斜視図である。
【図3】本発明の要部の具体的構成を示した斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1…ハニカム型蓄熱体(触媒)を有する排ガス処理装置、2A、2B、2C…蓄熱室(触媒室)、3…蓄熱体(触媒)、3a…上流側蓄熱体(触媒)、3b…下流側蓄熱体(触媒)、4…酸化分解室(空間)、5…燃焼室、6…バーナー、7…被処理ガス供給管、8…処理ガス排出管、9…パージガス供給管、10…排気ファン、11…煙突、12a、12b、12c、13a、13b、13c、14a、14b、14c…切換弁、15…球体、16…球体支持構造体、17…ハニカム型蓄熱体、18…被処理ガス供給管、19…支持体、20…パージガス供給管、21…排突、22…球体、23…球体支持体、24…蓄熱体、25…ダクト、26…配管、27…フランジ、28…固定弁、29…ハニカム型成形体、30…球体、31…スペーサー、32…回転弁、33…切換弁、34…処理ガス排出管
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus containing dust having a honeycomb-shaped formed body, and more particularly, combustible harmful components and combustible malodor components contained in exhaust gas are converted into harmless and odorless substances by catalytic combustion or direct combustion. In addition, the present invention relates to a heat storage type exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb type molded body that recovers heat generated at that time and reuses it for exhaust gas treatment, and further relates to a method for preventing clogging of the honeycomb type molded body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Direct combustion type with a heat exchanger, catalytic type device, etc. are known as devices that convert flammable harmful components and flammable malodorous components contained in exhaust gas into non-toxic and odorless materials by catalytic combustion or direct combustion. However, thermal storage devices have recently attracted attention from the viewpoint of thermal efficiency.
[0003]
Although various forms have been proposed as the structure of the heat storage body used in the heat storage type device, a heat storage body having a honeycomb structure is often used in terms of excellent thermal efficiency. Also in the catalyst type apparatus, since the catalyst efficiency is excellent, a honeycomb type forming catalyst is often used in the same manner.
[0004]
However, various factory process exhaust gases such as power generation boilers, internal combustion engines, coke ovens, incinerators, etc. contain fine particles such as dust in addition to combustible harmful components and combustible malodor components. Problems such as an increase in pressure loss accompanying the closure of the honeycomb formed body opening and an accompanying increase in energy consumption occurred.
[0005]
In order to prevent the above-mentioned blockage, methods such as (a) increasing the opening of the honeycomb formed body, (b) reducing the wall thickness of the honeycomb formed body, (c) frequently performing soot blow, etc. In the method (b), it is necessary to increase the total capacity as a result of lowering the thermal efficiency and catalyst efficiency. In the method (b), the mechanical strength of the honeycomb formed body is reduced. Further, in the method (c), Along with economic reasons, the strength of the honeycomb molded body is also weakened.
[0006]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-50532 has a honeycomb cross-sectional shape that is the same as or similar to the cross-section of the honeycomb-shaped forming catalyst, in front of the gas inlet of the honeycomb-shaped forming catalyst, and the wall thickness thereof is honeycomb-shaped forming. A honeycomb-shaped protective device made of a heat-resistant substrate that is not thicker than the wall thickness of the catalyst and whose wall on the side in contact with the honeycomb-shaped molded catalyst is not thinner than the wall thickness of the honeycomb-shaped molded catalyst is The honeycomb shape of the honeycomb-type catalyst and the protective device substantially overlap with each other in a state of being in close contact with the inlet or outlet of the catalyst, in a state of being separated within 10 mm, or in a state of being covered with a kettle. It is described that dust can be prevented from accumulating by attaching to the surface.
[0007]
However, it is difficult for the technique to make the protective device substantially adhere to the honeycomb-shaped forming catalyst, and protective devices having the same or similar honeycomb cross-sectional shape may be difficult depending on the shape.
In addition, the honeycomb-type molded body has a structural length limitation due to the mechanical strength relationship and the problem of distortion caused by heat at the time of sintering, and when considering the thermal efficiency and catalyst efficiency, the honeycomb type The molded body may be used by being laminated in a plurality of stages. In this case, it is difficult to completely adhere the middle of each layer, and as a result, there arises a problem that dust accumulates on each layer. In such a case, it has been difficult to solve this problem by the above method.
[0008]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a honeycomb-type molded catalyst for treating exhaust gas containing fine particles such as dust or the like, or a honeycomb-type molded heat storage body of a heating deodorization furnace used for the treatment of similar exhaust gas, efficiently without impairing catalyst efficiency or thermal efficiency. A method for preventing clogging due to dust is provided.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have arranged a sphere on one or both sides of the honeycomb-shaped molded body, and the honeycomb molded body is balanced by the balance between the gas inflow and / or outflow force and the sphere's own weight. The present inventors have found that the sphere moves moderately up and down, left and right, and that the deposits can be wiped off or scattered by impact or friction at that time, and the present invention has been completed.
[0010]
That is, the present invention provides an exhaust gas treatment device having a honeycomb-shaped product, one side及又the honeycomb molded body coordinated spheres on both sides, the sphere with the inflow and / or outflow of gas vertically and / The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus (Claim 1) characterized by being able to move to the left and right, and more specifically, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb type molded body, wherein the honeycomb type molded body has a plurality of stages. used are stacked, it is possible that multiple stages entire side or both sides, as well as intermediate in coordinated spheres of each stage, the spheres with the inflow and / or outflow of gas is moved vertically and / or horizontally The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus (claim 2).
[0011]
The exhaust-gas treatment apparatus (Claim 3) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a wall surrounding the periphery of the sphere is provided. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a network structure that supports the sphere is provided on the lowermost surface of the honeycomb molded body. About.
[0012]
Furthermore, a honeycomb molded body laminated in a plurality of chambers communicating with the combustion chamber in a single or a plurality of stages is arranged as a heat storage body, and supply of gas to be processed, supply of purge gas, and combustion to each chamber The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas is treated while sequentially switching the exhaust of the processing gas oxidized and decomposed indoors.
[0013]
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus (Claim 6) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the sphere has a maximum width larger than the maximum width of each opening of the honeycomb molded body. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus (Claim 7) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, and 0.2 to 0.7 spheres are used with respect to the honeycomb molded body single-piece opening. The present invention relates to an exhaust gas apparatus (claim 8) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
[0014]
The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the exhaust gas is exhaust gas containing dust (claim 9). Further, in the exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb molded body, a sphere is arranged on one or both sides of the honeycomb molded body, and the sphere moves up and down and / or left and right as gas flows in and / or out. The present invention relates to a method for preventing clogging of a honeycomb type formed body, wherein deposits in respective openings of the formed honeycomb body are removed.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The honeycomb molded body used in the present invention is used as a heat storage body in an exhaust gas treatment apparatus, and further, by coating a catalyst on the inner wall of each cell of the molded body or by mixing the catalyst into the material and molding it. Functions as a catalyst.
The honeycomb formed body is formed by, for example, arranging single bodies formed of cordierite porcelain or the like in a plane. A single honeycomb body usually has a height of 5 to 30 cm, and an opening density of the entire formed body is relatively fine, such as 50 to 400 cells / inch 2 in consideration of thermal efficiency or catalyst efficiency. Further, the shape of the opening of the cell may be any shape such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon, a polygon such as an octagon, a circle, a sign wave, or the like.
[0016]
The honeycomb molded body can be used alone, but can also be used by being laminated in a plurality of stages in consideration of thermal efficiency, catalytic activity, and the like. In the case of stacking, the steps can be used in close contact with each other. However, since it is technically difficult to achieve complete contact, an appropriate space can be provided. At that time, as shown in FIG. 3, a spacer 31 can be arranged in order to secure a space in the middle of each stage. The shape, size, height, material, and quantity of the spacer are not particularly limited as long as each step can be supported at a fixed position. Specifically, when the honeycomb formed body is 150 mm square, a round bar having a diameter of 10 mm can be exemplified as a square frame having an outer frame of 130 mm and an inner frame of 110 mm. In order to reliably laminate the honeycomb formed body, it is preferable to set the size slightly smaller than the outer periphery of the formed body. In addition, the spacer serves as a wall that prevents the sphere from scattering.
[0017]
When the honeycomb molded body is arranged vertically and a sphere is provided in the lower part, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a network structure 23 that holds the sphere can be installed. The mesh-like structure 23 is not particularly limited as long as it has enough mesh to hold the sphere, and any material can be used as long as it is a heat-resistant material such as ceramic or metal.
[0018]
The mesh structure is preferably arranged at a distance longer than the maximum width of the sphere with respect to the opening surface, and at a position where the sphere can move up and down, left and right as the exhaust gas flows in and out and can contact the opening. A spacer having the same function as described above can be provided between the network structure and the honeycomb formed body.
[0019]
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb-shaped formed body has, for example, a honeycomb-shaped formed body laminated in a plurality of rooms communicating with a combustion chamber in a single or a plurality of stages, as shown in FIG. An apparatus that treats exhaust gas while sequentially switching supply of gas to be processed, supply of purge gas, and exhaust of process gas oxidized and decomposed in the combustion chamber can be exemplified.
[0020]
The above three operations can be performed by switching at a certain interval, but can also be performed continuously using a special rotary distributing valve or the like as will be described later. In the case of continuous switching, the movement of the sphere can be promoted and the removal effect can be improved.
[0021]
This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the heat storage type exhaust gas treatment apparatus is described for convenience, but the honeycomb molded body can be used as a catalyst instead of a heat storage body. In FIG. 1, a heat storage chamber (2A, 2B, 2C) in which honeycomb-type heat storage bodies (3a, 3b) are arranged in two upper and lower stages and a combustion chamber 5 communicating with the top of these heat storage chambers are provided. At the bottom of the chambers 2A, 2B and 2C, the branch pipes of the gas supply pipe 7 to be processed, the gas discharge pipe 8 and the purge gas supply pipe 9 are respectively connected, and the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a burner 6. It is. Ceramic spheres are provided on the surface of the upper heat storage body 3b, the middle 4 of the upper heat storage body 3b and the lower heat storage body 3a, and the lower surface of the lower heat storage body. A mesh ceramic plate 16 is provided for support. Also, spacers are installed between 4 and 3a and 16.
[0022]
The gas to be treated is first preheated by going up through the heat storage body part that is put into the heat storage chamber 2A and heated, and then is oxidized and decomposed into a clean gas in the combustion chamber in a high temperature atmosphere, and the heat storage in the heat storage chamber 2B While passing through the body part, the heat storage body is heated and exhausted.
[0023]
In the meantime, in the heat storage 2C, clean gas is introduced, the untreated gas staying in the piping and the heat storage chamber is purged upward in the process one cycle before, is oxidized and decomposed in the combustion chamber, and exhausted through the heat storage chamber 2B. The
By switching the processing gas and purge gas valves after a certain period of time in the first cycle, the heat storage chamber 2A, which was on the processing gas inlet side in the first cycle, is purged, and the heat storage body is cooled to a cooled state, and the clean gas The heat storage chamber 2B that has been on the outlet side becomes the processing gas inlet side, and the heat storage body goes to the temperature rise-to-temperature down state, and the heat storage chamber 2C that has been purged goes to the clean gas outlet side, and the heat storage body goes to the cooling-down to temperature rise state. . In each of the switching valves 12a, 12b, 12c, 13a, 13b, 13c and 14a, 14b, 14c in FIG. 1, □ indicates an open state, ■ indicates a closed state, and FIG. 1 shows the state of the first cycle described above. FIG.
[0024]
After a certain period of time in the second cycle, the processing gas and the purge gas valve are switched again, and in the second circle, the heat storage chamber 2A that has been purged becomes the clean gas outlet side, and the heat storage body is removed from the cooling to the temperature rising state, and the processing gas enters The heat storage chamber 2 </ b> B that has been on the side is purged, and the heat storage body is in the temperature lowering → cooling state, while the heat storage chamber 2 </ b> C that was on the clean gas outlet side is the processing gas inlet side, and the heat storage body is in the temperature rising → temperature decreasing state. By switching the valve again after this state has elapsed for a predetermined time, the process returns to the original first cycle, and by repeating this sequence sequentially, the gas to be processed can be efficiently heated and oxidized and decomposed.
[0025]
In the method of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a processing apparatus configured to sequentially switch supply of a gas to be processed to each heat storage chamber, supply of purge gas, and discharge of processing gas by a rotary switching valve (distribution valve). Can also be easily adopted. Further, the honeycomb type molded body can be applied not only to a heat storage body but also to a honeycomb type catalyst.
[0026]
In FIG. 2, a fixed valve 28 having an opening 28a communicating with each heat storage chamber 17, and a fixed gas supply opening, a purge gas supply opening, and a processing gas discharge opening (not shown), which are arranged opposite to the fixed valve 28, respectively. A switching valve 33 composed of a rotary valve 32 provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction is attached. A processing gas discharge pipe 34 and a purge gas pipe 20 are connected to a support 19 that rotatably supports the rotary valve 32 while connecting the gas supply pipe 18 to be processed. In this way, the supply of the gas to be processed, the supply of the purge gas, and the discharge of the process gas can be sequentially switched by the rotation of the rotary valve 32 for each heat storage chamber 17.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2 (B), each opening 28a of the fixed valve 28 and each heat storage chamber 17 are provided with a duct 25 at the lower part of each heat storage chamber 17 so as to block each opening 28a of the fixed valve 28. The provided flange 27 and the duct 25 may be communicated with each other through the pipe 26, and the openings 28a and the heat storage chambers 17 may be connected in a one-to-one correspondence.
[0028]
The size of the sphere to be used is not particularly limited as long as the maximum width is larger than the maximum width of each unit opening of the honeycomb molded body, but the sphere is considered in consideration of the exhaust gas inflow or outflow speed and the sphere's own weight. Adjust the size to allow for moderate exercise. For example, a sphere having a maximum width of about 1.1 to 4 times the maximum width of each unit opening of the honeycomb molded body is preferable.
[0029]
The shape of the sphere does not have to be a true sphere, and a sphere that is slightly deformed into an ellipse can also be used. A hollow sphere can also be used in consideration of the weight of the sphere. Further, in order to diffuse the flow of the exhaust gas and promote the movement of the sphere, it is possible to provide irregularities on the surface, or to provide one or more small holes penetrating the surface of the hollow sphere.
[0030]
The material is not particularly limited as long as it has heat resistance, and any of ceramic and metal can be used, but ceramic is preferable in consideration of wear resistance and the like.
The number of spheres to be used is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use 0.2 to 0.7 with respect to the single opening of the honeycomb molded body.
[0031]
The method of the present invention can be applied to an apparatus for treating any exhaust gas, but has a remarkable effect particularly in the treatment of exhaust gas containing a large amount of particulate dust. Examples of the dust include smoke and salt.
[0032]
When the exhaust gas containing a large amount of dust passes through the honeycomb molded body and is exhausted, it is diffused rapidly, resulting in turbulence of the air flow, and most of the dust accumulates in the vicinity of the gas outlet. The flow path of each cell is usually about 1 to 2 mm, and when a large amount of dust is continuously discharged, each flow path is immediately closed with accumulated dust, resulting in a large pressure loss. In this case, by arranging the sphere of the present invention on the opening surface, for example, the sphere is gently blown up with the outflow of exhaust gas, and the sphere moves up and down, left and right on the opening surface due to its own weight or turbulence of the air flow due to rotation of the sphere. It is possible to prevent clogging by rolling up the accumulated dust due to impact, friction, and the like.
[0033]
When a honeycomb-type molded body is laminated in several stages and a spacer is provided in the middle, by arranging the sphere in the spacer, it is possible to prevent the sphere from being biased and scattered and to increase the effect of preventing clogging.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
[0035]
Example A honeycomb structure of 100 cells / inch 2 having a size of 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm and a honeycomb structure of 100 cells / inch 2 having a size of 150 mm × 150 mm × 300 mm are stacked in two upper and lower stages. A ceramic net was disposed under the heat storage body at intervals of 10 mm in height. A round bar with a thickness of 10 mm is laid in the middle of the upper and lower heat storage bodies and the middle of the lower heat storage body and the net provided therebelow so that only the corners are in contact with each other. A processing apparatus having 8 heat storage chambers was used. When each room is set to 1 to 8 in order, the steps of gas supply → gas discharge → gas purge are sequentially cycled in a combination of 1, 2, 3 → 4, 5, 6 → 7, and 8. 3.1 kg of ceramic balls having a diameter of 4 to 6 mm were arranged on the upper, middle, and lower portions of each honeycomb heat storage element. The exhaust gas containing approximately 15 mg / m 3 of calcium carbonate is heated to 130 ° C. just before entering the heat storage body, and the gas is introduced by adjusting the cross-section wind speed at the upper surface of the heat storage body to 4 m / second, and the combustion chamber. When the temperature was maintained at 800 ° C. through the honeycomb type heat accumulator and oxidatively decomposed in the upper combustion chamber, it was possible to operate without increasing the pressure loss even in continuous operation for 2 months. In addition, there was no decrease in thermal efficiency due to the provision of ceramic spheres. The dust discharged together with the exhaust gas was collected by another dust collector.
[0036]
Comparative Example Exhaust gas was treated in the same manner as in Example except that ceramic spheres were not provided. As a result, pressure loss increased in 2 weeks of continuous operation, causing clogging, and cleaning was necessary.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention can effectively prevent clogging of the honeycomb molded body without damaging the performance (catalytic performance, thermal efficiency) of the honeycomb molded body, and effectively in the treatment of gas with much dust. There is no need for frequent stoppages and cleaning as in the prior art, and it has become possible to operate stably for a long time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a treatment process of a gas to be treated by an exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb molded body of the present invention.
2 is a heat storage type exhaust gas treatment apparatus showing a specific configuration of the present invention, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a perspective view of the main part of (A).
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a specific configuration of a main part of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Exhaust gas processing apparatus which has a honeycomb type thermal storage body (catalyst), 2A, 2B, 2C ... Thermal storage chamber (catalyst chamber), 3 ... Thermal storage body (catalyst), 3a ... Upstream thermal storage body (catalyst), 3b ... Downstream side Heat storage body (catalyst), 4 ... oxidation decomposition chamber (space), 5 ... combustion chamber, 6 ... burner, 7 ... treated gas supply pipe, 8 ... treated gas discharge pipe, 9 ... purge gas supply pipe, 10 ... exhaust fan, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Chimney, 12a, 12b, 12c, 13a, 13b, 13c, 14a, 14b, 14c ... Switching valve, 15 ... Sphere, 16 ... Sphere support structure, 17 ... Honeycomb type heat storage body, 18 ... Process gas supply pipe , 19 ... support, 20 ... purge gas supply pipe, 21 ... exhaustion, 22 ... sphere, 23 ... sphere support, 24 ... heat storage, 25 ... duct, 26 ... piping, 27 ... flange, 28 ... fixed valve, 29 ... Honeycomb molded body, 30 ... sphere, 31 ... spacer , 32 ... rotary valve, 33 ... switching valve, 34 ... processing gas exhaust pipe

Claims (10)

ハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置であって、ハニカム型成形体の片面及又は両面に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出に伴って前記球体が上下及び/又は左右に移動することができるようにしたことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。Is the exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb-shaped product, that one side及又the honeycomb molded body coordinated spheres on both sides, that the sphere along with the inflow and / or outflow of gas is moved vertically and / or horizontally exhaust gas treatment apparatus, wherein a has to be. ハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置であって、ハニカム型成形体が複数段に積層されて用いられ、その複数段全体の片面又は両面、並びに各段の中間に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出に伴って前記球体が上下及び/又は左右に移動することができるようにしたことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置。Is the exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb-shaped product, the honeycomb molded body is used by being laminated in a plurality of stages, a sphere coordinated one or both sides of the entire plurality stages, and in the middle of each stage, the flow of gas An exhaust gas treatment apparatus characterized in that the sphere can be moved up and down and / or left and right along with the outflow . 球体の周囲を囲む壁を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の排ガス処理装置。The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a wall surrounding the periphery of the sphere is provided. 単一又は複数段に積層されたハニカム型成形体が上下方向に配置されおり、かつハニカム型成形体の最下面に球体を支持する網目状構造体を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。Claim, characterized in that a network structure honeycomb molded body that is laminated to a single or multiple stages are arranged in a vertical direction, and supports the sphere lowermost surface of the honeycomb molded body 1 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of? 燃焼室に連通した複数の部屋に単一又は複数段に積層されたハニカム型成形体が蓄熱体として配置されており、各部屋に対して被処理ガスの供給、パージガスの供給、及び燃焼室内で酸化分解した処理ガスの排気を順次切り換えながら排ガスを処理することを特徴とする請求項1〜4に記載の排ガス処理装置。A honeycomb type molded body laminated in a plurality of chambers communicating with the combustion chamber in a single or a plurality of stages is arranged as a heat storage body, and supply of gas to be treated, supply of purge gas, and combustion chamber to each chamber The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the exhaust gas is treated while sequentially switching the exhaust gas of the oxidatively decomposed process gas. 球体の最大幅がハニカム型成形体の各開口部の最大幅よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the maximum width of the spherical body is larger than the maximum width of each opening of the honeycomb molded body. 球体がセラミックス製であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sphere is made of ceramics. 球体をハニカム型成形体単体開口部に対して0.2〜0.7個用いることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein 0.2 to 0.7 spheres are used with respect to the single opening of the honeycomb molded body. 排ガスが粉塵を含む排ガスであることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の排ガス処理装置。The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas containing dust. ハニカム型成形体を有する排ガス処理装置において、ハニカム型成形体の片面又は両面に球体を配し、ガスの流入及び/又は流出に伴って前記球体が上下及び/又は左右に移動することによりハニカム成形体の各開口部の堆積物を除去することを特徴とするハニカム型成形体の目詰防止方法。In an exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb molded body, a sphere is arranged on one or both sides of the honeycomb molded body, and the sphere moves up and down and / or left and right as the gas flows in and / or out. A method for preventing clogging of a honeycomb-shaped formed body, wherein deposits in each opening of the body are removed.
JP2000008488A 2000-01-18 2000-01-18 Exhaust gas treatment apparatus having a honeycomb molded body and method for preventing clogging thereof Expired - Lifetime JP4155542B2 (en)

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