JP4155333B2 - vending machine - Google Patents
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- JP4155333B2 JP4155333B2 JP2007274995A JP2007274995A JP4155333B2 JP 4155333 B2 JP4155333 B2 JP 4155333B2 JP 2007274995 A JP2007274995 A JP 2007274995A JP 2007274995 A JP2007274995 A JP 2007274995A JP 4155333 B2 JP4155333 B2 JP 4155333B2
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Description
本発明は、缶飲料などの商品を冷却あるいは加温して販売する自動販売機において、冷却によって生じる廃熱を利用して同時に加温を行う自動販売機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a vending machine that sells products such as canned beverages by cooling or heating them and simultaneously heating them using waste heat generated by cooling.
近年、自動販売機に対する消費電力量削減の要求が高まってきており、消費電力量削減手段として、冷却によって生じる廃熱を利用したもの（例えば、特許文献１参照）がある。 In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for power consumption reduction for vending machines, and there is one that uses waste heat generated by cooling as a means for reducing power consumption (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
以下、図面を参照しながら従来の自動販売機を説明する。 Hereinafter, a conventional vending machine will be described with reference to the drawings.
図６は従来の自動販売機の冷媒回路図、図７は従来の自動販売機の冷媒のモリエル線図である。 FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a conventional vending machine, and FIG. 7 is a Mollier diagram of the refrigerant of the conventional vending machine.
図６において、自動販売機の庫内はホット／コールド切替室１、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３、４室内熱交換器はホット／コールド切替室１内に設置され、蒸発器５はコールド専用室２内に設置され、第二の蒸発器６は第二のコールド専用室２内に設置され、室外熱交換器７および圧縮機８は貯蔵室の外に設置されている。 In FIG. 6, the vending machine has a hot / cold switching chamber 1, a cold dedicated chamber 2, a second cold dedicated chamber 3, and a four-room heat exchanger installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, and an evaporator. 5 is installed in the cold dedicated chamber 2, the second evaporator 6 is installed in the second cold dedicated chamber 2, and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the compressor 8 are installed outside the storage chamber.
また、膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１はそれぞれ通過する冷媒の圧力を低下するとともに閉塞機能を有したものであり、開閉弁Ａ１２、開閉弁Ｂ１３、開閉弁Ｃ１４、開閉弁Ｄ１５はそれぞれ冷媒の流れの有無を制御するものである。 The expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11 reduce the pressure of the refrigerant passing therethrough and have a blocking function. The on-off valve A12, the on-off valve B13, the on-off valve C14, and the on-off valve D15 are respectively It controls the presence or absence of refrigerant flow.
以上のように構成された従来の自動販売機について、以下その動作を説明する。 The operation of the conventional vending machine configured as described above will be described below.
ホット／コールド切替室１を冷却する場合、開閉弁Ａ１２と開閉弁Ｄ１５を開とし、開閉弁Ｂ１３と開閉弁Ｃ１４を閉として、圧縮機８を駆動する。圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は、室外熱交換器７で凝縮された後、それぞれ膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１で減圧されて、室内熱交換器４、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６へ供給される。そして、室内熱交換器４、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６で蒸発した冷媒が圧縮機８へ還流する。 When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is cooled, the on-off valve A12 and the on-off valve D15 are opened, the on-off valve B13 and the on-off valve C14 are closed, and the compressor 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and then decompressed by the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11, respectively, and the indoor heat exchanger 4, the evaporator 5, and the second To the evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 4, the evaporator 5, and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.
このとき、ホット／コールド切替室１、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３の内所定の温度に達した貯蔵室は、当該する膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止する。さらに、すべての貯蔵室が所定の温度に達すると圧縮機８の運転を停止する。 At this time, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature among the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the cold dedicated chamber 2, and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11. Stop supplying the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.
次に、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温する場合、開閉弁Ａ１２と開閉弁Ｄ１５およびを膨張弁Ａ９を閉とし、開閉弁Ｂ１３と開閉弁Ｃ１４を開として、圧縮機８を駆動する。圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は、室内熱交換器４で一部が凝縮し、再度室外熱交換器７で凝縮された後、それぞれ膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１で減圧されて、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６へ供給される。そして、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６で蒸発した冷媒が圧縮機８へ還流する。 Next, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the on-off valve A12, the on-off valve D15, and the expansion valve A9 are closed, the on-off valve B13 and the on-off valve C14 are opened, and the compressor 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is partially condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 4 and again condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and then decompressed by the expansion valve B 10 and the expansion valve C 11, respectively. , And supplied to the second evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.
このとき、冷媒は図７のモリエル線図に示した状態となる。図７において、横軸は冷媒のエンタルピー、縦軸は冷媒の圧力である。また、図７において、Ａ点は圧縮機８の吸込み冷媒の状態、Ｂ点は圧縮機８の吐出冷媒の状態、Ｃ点は室内熱交換器４の出口の状態、Ｄ点は室外熱交換器７の出口の状態、Ｅ点は膨張弁Ｂ１０と膨張弁Ｃ１１の出口の状態である。 At this time, the refrigerant is in the state shown in the Mollier diagram of FIG. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents the enthalpy of the refrigerant, and the vertical axis represents the pressure of the refrigerant. In FIG. 7, point A is the state of the refrigerant sucked by the compressor 8, point B is the state of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8, point C is the state of the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4, and point D is the outdoor heat exchanger. 7 is an outlet state, and point E is an outlet state of the expansion valve B10 and the expansion valve C11.
ここで、蒸発器５と第二の蒸発器６の圧力はＰ１、室内熱交換器４と室外熱交換器７の圧力はＰ２であり、並列に接続された蒸発器５と第二の蒸発器６の蒸発温度はほぼ同一となるが、直列に接続された室内熱交換器４は凝縮温度よりも高温の過熱蒸気が通過するため、室外熱交換器７よりも高い吹出し空気温度を実現することができる。この結果、ホット／コールド切替室１を効率よく加温することができる。 Here, the pressure of the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6 is P1, the pressure of the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is P2, and the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator connected in parallel. 6 has substantially the same evaporation temperature, but the indoor heat exchanger 4 connected in series passes superheated steam having a temperature higher than the condensing temperature, so that a higher blown air temperature than the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is realized. Can do. As a result, the hot / cold switching chamber 1 can be efficiently heated.
このとき、図７において圧縮機８の仕事量（ｈ３−ｈ２）に対して、冷却仕事（ｈ２−ｈ１）と加温仕事（ｈ３−ｈ４）を同時に行うので、ヒータを用いて加温仕事（ｈ３−ｈ４）を行う場合に比べて、効率の高い運転が実現できる。 At this time, the cooling work (h2-h1) and the heating work (h3-h4) are simultaneously performed on the work amount (h3-h2) of the compressor 8 in FIG. Compared with the case of performing h3-h4), an operation with higher efficiency can be realized.
また、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３の内所定の温度に達した貯蔵室は、当該する膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止する。さらに、すべての貯蔵室が所定の温度に達すると圧縮機８の運転を停止する。
しかしながら、上記従来の構成では、ホット／コールド切替室の冷却時には室内熱交換器を着霜しながら蒸発温度で利用する一方、ホット／コールド切替室の加温時には室内熱交換器を凝縮温度よりも高い過熱蒸気の温度で利用するため、熱交換器の最適設計が困難となる課題があった。 However, in the above conventional configuration, when the hot / cold switching chamber is cooled, the indoor heat exchanger is used at the evaporating temperature while frosting, while when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the indoor heat exchanger is set to be lower than the condensation temperature. There is a problem that it is difficult to optimally design the heat exchanger because it is used at a high superheated steam temperature.
本発明は、従来の課題を解決するもので、さらに熱交換効率を高め、消費電力量を削減できる自動販売機を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems and to provide a vending machine capable of further improving heat exchange efficiency and reducing power consumption.
また、上記従来の構成は、外気温度が低い場合、ホット／コールド切替室の加温時に室外熱交換器の凝縮温度が低下して、室内熱交換器で十分な吹出し空気温度が得られないという課題があった。また、外気温度が低い場合、コールド専用室の冷却負荷が低く、コールド専用室の過冷による商品の氷結を防ぐために、圧縮機能力を低下させる必要があり、ホット／コールド切替室の加温時の必要能力が得られないという課題があった。 In addition, when the outside air temperature is low, the above-described conventional configuration reduces the condensation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, and the indoor heat exchanger cannot obtain a sufficient blown air temperature. There was a problem. In addition, when the outside air temperature is low, the cooling load of the cold room is low, and it is necessary to reduce the compression function to prevent the product from freezing due to overcooling of the cold room. When the hot / cold switching room is heated There was a problem that the necessary ability of was not obtained.
本発明の他の目的は、従来の課題を解決するもので、外気温度が低い場合でも十分な吹出し空気温度と加温能力を維持することで、冬場に外気温度が低下する地域にも広範囲に適用できる廃熱を利用した効率の高い自動販売機を提供することである。 Another object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems. Even when the outside air temperature is low, by maintaining a sufficient blown air temperature and heating capability, it can be widely applied to areas where the outside air temperature is lowered in winter. The aim is to provide a highly efficient vending machine using applicable waste heat.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明の自動販売機は、複数の商品収納室を有し、前記商品収納室としてコールド専用室とホット／コールド切替室を備え、前記コールド専用室内には室内を冷却する冷却手段と、前記ホット／コールド切替室内には室内を冷却する切替室冷却手段と室内を加温する切替室加温手段と前記切替室加温手段の加温を補助する補助ヒータと室内の空気を送風する送風ファンとを配置し、前記商品収納室外に前記冷却手段、前記切替室冷却手段および前記切替室加温手段と配管接続される冷却加温サイクルの圧縮機と室外熱交換手段とを配置し、切替室加温手段の出口部と室外熱交換手段の入口部とを接続する配管に抵抗器を配置した自動販売機であって、前記ホット／コールド切替室を冷却する場合、前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒は、前記室外熱交換手段を通って前記切替室冷却手段と前記冷却手段に供給されることで冷却し、前記ホット／コールド切替室を加温する場合、前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒は、前記切替室加温手段を経由して放熱し、さらに前記抵抗器で減圧されて、前記室外熱交換手段を通った後、前記冷却手段に供給されることで加温し、前記切替室冷却手段と前記切替室加温手段と前記送風ファンと前記補助ヒータは、前記ホット／コールド切替室内において、前記送風ファンの対流経路に配置し、前記補助ヒータは前記送風ファンの吹出し側に配置したものであり、ホット／コールド切替室の切替室冷却手段と切替室加温手段を分離することにより、着霜しながら蒸発温度で使用される切替室冷却手段と、過熱蒸気の温度で使用される切替室加温手段それぞれに最適な設計を行うことができ、さらに、切替室加温手段の出口部と室外熱交換手段の入口部とを接続する配管に抵抗器を配置したことで、切替室加温手段と室外熱交換手段の温度に差を付けることができ、低外気温時に切替室加温手段の温度が下がりすぎて十分な吹出し空気温度が維持でなくなることを防止することができ、外気温度が低い場合でも十分な吹出し空気温度を維持することで切替室加温手段の加温能力を最大限に引出しながら、補助ヒータで補助的に加温するときの補助ヒータの入力を最小限に抑えることができるので消費電力を低減することができる。 In order to solve the above problems, a vending machine of the present invention has a plurality of product storage rooms, and includes a cold dedicated room and a hot / cold switching room as the product storage room, and the cold dedicated room cools the room. Cooling means, a switching chamber cooling means for cooling the room, a switching chamber heating means for heating the room, an auxiliary heater for assisting the heating of the switching chamber heating means, and an indoor heater A cooling fan that arranges an air blowing fan for blowing air, and is connected to the cooling means, the switching chamber cooling means, and the switching chamber heating means outside the product storage chamber, and an outdoor heat exchange means And a vending machine in which a resistor is arranged in a pipe connecting the outlet portion of the switching chamber heating means and the inlet portion of the outdoor heat exchange means, and when the hot / cold switching chamber is cooled, Vomiting from the compressor The cooled refrigerant is cooled by being supplied to the switching chamber cooling unit and the cooling unit through the outdoor heat exchanging unit, and is discharged from the compressor when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. The refrigerant dissipates heat via the switching chamber heating means , and is further depressurized by the resistor , passes through the outdoor heat exchange means, and then is supplied to the cooling means to heat, and the switching is performed. The room cooling means, the switching chamber heating means, the blower fan, and the auxiliary heater are arranged in the convection path of the blower fan in the hot / cold switching room, and the auxiliary heater is arranged on the blowout side of the blower fan. By separating the switching chamber cooling means and the switching chamber heating means of the hot / cold switching chamber, the switching chamber cooling means used at the evaporating temperature while frosting, and the temperature of the superheated steam are used. It is possible to perform an optimal design to each switching chamber heating means, further, by disposing the resistor to the pipe which connects the inlet portion of the outlet portion and the outdoor heat exchange means of the switching chamber heating means, switching compartment It is possible to make a difference between the temperature of the heating means and the outdoor heat exchanging means, and it is possible to prevent the temperature of the switching room heating means from being lowered too much at the time of a low outside air temperature so that a sufficient blown air temperature cannot be maintained, Even when the outside air temperature is low , the input of the auxiliary heater is minimized when the auxiliary heater is used for auxiliary heating while maintaining the sufficient blown air temperature to draw out the heating capacity of the switching chamber heating means to the maximum. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced.
本発明の自動販売機は、ホット／コールド切替室の切替室冷却手段と切替室加温手段を分離することにより、着霜しながら蒸発温度で使用される切替室冷却手段と、過熱蒸気の温度で使用される切替室加温手段それぞれに最適な設計を行うことができ、さらに、切替室加温手段の出口部と室外熱交換手段の入口部とを接続する配管に抵抗器を配置したことで、切替室加温手段と室外熱交換手段の温度に差を付けることができ、低外気温時に切替室加温手段の温度が下がりすぎて十分な吹出し空気温度が維持でなくなることを防止することができ、外気温度が低い場合でも十分な吹出し空気温度を維持することで切替室加温手段の加温能力を最大限に引出しながら、補助ヒータで補助的に加温するときの補助ヒータの入力を最小限に抑えることができるので消費電力を低減することができる。 The vending machine according to the present invention separates the switching chamber cooling means and the switching chamber heating means of the hot / cold switching chamber, so that the switching chamber cooling means used at the evaporating temperature while frosting, and the temperature of the superheated steam The switching chamber warming means used in can be optimally designed, and a resistor is placed on the piping connecting the outlet of the switching chamber warming means and the inlet of the outdoor heat exchange means Therefore, it is possible to make a difference between the temperature of the switching chamber heating means and the outdoor heat exchanging means, and to prevent the temperature of the switching chamber heating means from being lowered too much at the low outside air temperature so that the sufficient blown air temperature cannot be maintained. Even if the outside air temperature is low, maintaining the sufficient blown air temperature to draw out the heating capacity of the switching chamber warming means to the maximum, while the auxiliary heater can be used for auxiliary heating. Minimize input It is possible to reduce the power consumption because it.
請求項１に記載の自動販売機の発明は、複数の商品収納室を有し、前記商品収納室としてコールド専用室とホット／コールド切替室を備え、前記コールド専用室内には室内を冷却する冷却手段と、前記ホット／コールド切替室内には室内を冷却する切替室冷却手段と室内を加温する切替室加温手段と前記切替室加温手段の加温を補助する補助ヒータと室内の空気を送風する送風ファンとを配置し、前記商品収納室外に前記冷却手段、前記切替室冷却手段および前記切替室加温手段と配管接続される冷却加温サイクルの圧縮機と室外熱交換手段とを配置し、切替室加温手段の出口部と室外熱交換手段の入口部とを接続する配管に抵抗器を配置した自動販売機であって、前記ホット／コールド切替室を冷却する場合、前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒は、前記室外熱交換手段を通って前記切替室冷却手段と前記冷却手段に供給されることで冷却し、前記ホット／コールド切替室を加温する場合、前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒は、前記切替室加温手段を経由して放熱し、さらに前記抵抗器で減圧されて、前記室外熱交換手段を通った後、前記冷却手段に供給されることで加温し、前記切替室冷却手段と前記切替室加温手段と前記送風ファンと前記補助ヒータは、前記ホット／コールド切替室内において、前記送風ファンの対流経路に配置し、前記補助ヒータは前記送風ファンの吹出し側に配置したものであり、ホット／コールド切替室の切替室冷却手段と切替室加温手段を分離することにより、着霜しながら蒸発温度で使用される切替室冷却手段と、過熱蒸気の温度で使用される切替室加温手段それぞれに最適な設計を行うことができ、さらに、切替室加温手段の出口部と室外熱交換手段の入口部とを接続する配管に抵抗器を配置したことで、切替室加温手段と室外熱交換手段の温度に差を付けることができ、低外気温時に切替室加温手段の温度が下がりすぎて十分な吹出し空気温度が維持でなくなることを防止することができ、外気温度が低い場合でも十分な吹出し空気温度を維持することで切替室加温手段の加温能力を最大限に引出しながら、補助ヒータで補助的に加温するときの補助ヒータの入力を最小限に抑えることができるので消費電力を低減することができる。 The invention of the vending machine according to claim 1 has a plurality of product storage rooms, and includes a cold dedicated room and a hot / cold switching room as the product storage room, and the cold dedicated room is cooled to cool the room. Means, a switching chamber cooling means for cooling the room, a switching chamber heating means for heating the room, an auxiliary heater for assisting the heating of the switching chamber heating means, and air in the room. A fan for blowing air is arranged, and the cooling means, the switching chamber cooling means, and the cooling chamber heating means connected to the cooling chamber heating means and the outdoor heat exchanging means are arranged outside the product storage chamber. And a vending machine in which a resistor is arranged in a pipe connecting the outlet portion of the switching chamber heating means and the inlet portion of the outdoor heat exchange means, and when the hot / cold switching chamber is cooled, the compressor Cold discharged from Is cooled by being supplied to the switching chamber cooling means and the cooling means through the outdoor heat exchange means, and when the hot / cold switching chamber is heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is: Heat is dissipated through the switching chamber heating means , and is further depressurized by the resistor , passes through the outdoor heat exchanging means, and then is supplied to the cooling means to heat, and the switching chamber cooling means The switching chamber warming means, the blower fan, and the auxiliary heater are disposed in the convection path of the blower fan in the hot / cold switching chamber, and the auxiliary heater is disposed on the blowout side of the blower fan. Yes, by separating the switching chamber cooling means and the switching chamber heating means of the hot / cold switching chamber, the switching chamber cooling means used at the evaporation temperature while frosting, and the switching chamber used at the temperature of the superheated steam Addition It is possible to perform an optimal design, each unit further, by disposing the resistor to the pipe which connects the inlet portion of the outlet portion and the outdoor heat exchange means of the switching chamber heating means, and the switching chamber heating means The temperature of the outdoor heat exchanging means can be differentiated, and the temperature of the switching room warming means can be prevented from being too low at a low outside air temperature, preventing a sufficient blown air temperature from being maintained, and the outside air temperature is low Even in this case, maintaining the sufficient blown air temperature can draw out the heating capacity of the switching chamber heating means to the maximum while minimizing the input of the auxiliary heater when auxiliary heating is performed with the auxiliary heater. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced.
本発明の請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明において、切替室加温手段は切替室冷却手段よりも風下側に設置したものであり、高い熱交換効率を実現できる。 The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is that, in the invention according to claim 1 , the switching chamber heating means is installed on the leeward side of the switching chamber cooling means, and high heat exchange efficiency can be realized.
本発明の請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１または２に記載の発明において、ホット／コールド切替室を加温している間に、切替室加温手段の温度が設定値よりも下降した場合は、補助ヒータに通電するものであり、ホット／コールド切替室に飲料缶が多量に投入されたことなどで室内の温度が異常に下降した場合に、凝縮器の加熱能力を補助するとともに、吹出し空気温度を通常より高く制御することで、取り出し口付近の飲料缶の温度上昇を速めてプルアップ時間を短縮することができる。 The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the switching chamber heating means falls below the set value while the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. In such a case, the auxiliary heater is energized, and when the indoor temperature drops abnormally due to a large amount of beverage cans being put into the hot / cold switching chamber, the heating capacity of the condenser is assisted. By controlling the blown air temperature higher than usual, the temperature rise of the beverage can near the take-out port can be accelerated and the pull-up time can be shortened.
本発明の請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、ホット／コールド切替室を加温している間に、コールド専用室の温度が所定値より低下した場合、圧縮機の運転を停止するとともに、ホット／コールド切替室の温度が設定値よりも下降した場合は、補助ヒータに通電するものであり、コールド専用室の過冷を防止するとともに、ホット／コールド切替室の加温を維持することができる。 The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the temperature of the cold exclusive chamber is a predetermined value while the hot / cold switching chamber is heated. When the temperature drops further, the compressor is stopped, and when the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber falls below the set value, the auxiliary heater is energized to prevent overcooling of the cold dedicated chamber. Heating of the hot / cold switching chamber can be maintained.
本発明の請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の発明において、切替室冷却手段は切替室冷却器、切替室加温手段は切替室凝縮器、そして室外熱交換手段は室外熱交換器であり、着霜しながら蒸発温度で使用される蒸発器と、主として過熱蒸気の温度で使用される凝縮器それぞれに最適な設計を行うことができ、熱交換器の効率を向上することで、さらに消費電力量を低減できる。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the switching chamber cooling means is a switching chamber cooler, the switching chamber heating means is a switching chamber condenser, and The outdoor heat exchanger is an outdoor heat exchanger that can be optimally designed for each evaporator used at the evaporating temperature while frosting, and each condenser used mainly at the superheated steam temperature. The power consumption can be further reduced by improving the efficiency of the vessel.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、従来と同一構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。また、この実施の形態によってこの発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the same structure as the past, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
（実施の形態１）
図１は実施の形態１の自動販売機の冷媒回路図、図２は実施の形態１の自動販売機の冷媒のモリエル線図である。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the vending machine according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a Mollier diagram of the refrigerant of the vending machine according to the first embodiment.
図１において、自動販売機の庫内はホット／コールド切替室１、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３、切替室蒸発器２０はホット／コールド切替室１内に設置され、切替室凝縮器２１はホット／コールド切替室１内に設置され、蒸発器５はコールド専用室２内に設置され、第二の蒸発器６は第二のコールド専用室２内に設置され、室外熱交換器７および圧縮機８は貯蔵室の外に設置されている。 In FIG. 1, the vending machine has a hot / cold switching chamber 1, a cold dedicated chamber 2, a second cold dedicated chamber 3, and a switching chamber evaporator 20 installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1. The condenser 21 is installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the evaporator 5 is installed in the cold dedicated chamber 2, the second evaporator 6 is installed in the second cold dedicated chamber 2, and outdoor heat exchange. The vessel 7 and the compressor 8 are installed outside the storage room.
ここで、切替室蒸発器２０は蒸発器５や第二の蒸発器６と同様に、着霜を考慮したフィンチューブ熱交換器の形態とし、フィン間隔やチューブ間隔を比較的大きくとっている。この結果、十分な着霜耐力が得られ霜の目詰まりにより性能の大幅低下が回避できる。 Here, like the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6, the switching chamber evaporator 20 is in the form of a finned tube heat exchanger that takes into account frost formation, and the fin interval and the tube interval are relatively large. As a result, sufficient frosting resistance can be obtained, and a significant decrease in performance can be avoided due to clogging of frost.
一方、切替室凝縮器２１は入口側の温度が高く、出口側の温度が低い過熱蒸気との熱交換を考慮したフィンチューブ熱交換器の形態とし、フィン間隔やチューブ間隔を比較的小さく、かつ冷媒と空気の流れが対向流となるようにチューブの接続が設計されている。この結果、凝縮温度よりも高い吹出し空気温度が実現でき、高い熱交換効率が実現できる。 On the other hand, the switching chamber condenser 21 is in the form of a finned tube heat exchanger that takes into account heat exchange with superheated steam having a high inlet side temperature and a low outlet side temperature. Tube connections are designed so that the refrigerant and air flows in opposite directions. As a result, a blown air temperature higher than the condensing temperature can be realized, and high heat exchange efficiency can be realized.
また、膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１、抵抗器２２はそれぞれ通過する冷媒の圧力を低下するとともに閉塞機能を有したものであり、開閉弁Ａ１２、開閉弁Ｂ１３、開閉弁Ｅ２３はそれぞれ冷媒の流れの有無を制御するものである。 The expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, the expansion valve C11, and the resistor 22 each have a function of closing and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant passing therethrough. The on-off valve A12, the on-off valve B13, and the on-off valve E23 are respectively It controls the presence or absence of refrigerant flow.
以上のように構成された実施の形態１の自動販売機について、以下その動作を説明する。 The operation of the vending machine of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
ホット／コールド切替室１を冷却する場合、開閉弁Ａ１２と開閉弁Ｅ２３を開とし、開閉弁Ｂ１３と抵抗器２２を閉として、圧縮機８を駆動する。圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は、室外熱交換器７で凝縮された後、それぞれ膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１で減圧されて、切替室蒸発器２０、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６へ供給される。そして、切替室蒸発器２０、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６で蒸発した冷媒が圧縮機８へ還流する。 When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is cooled, the on-off valve A12 and the on-off valve E23 are opened, the on-off valve B13 and the resistor 22 are closed, and the compressor 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and then decompressed by the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11, respectively, and the switching chamber evaporator 20, the evaporator 5, and the second To the evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the switching chamber evaporator 20, the evaporator 5, and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.
このとき、ホット／コールド切替室１、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３の内所定の温度に達した貯蔵室は、当該する膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止する。さらに、すべての貯蔵室が所定の温度に達すると圧縮機８の運転を停止する。 At this time, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature among the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the cold dedicated chamber 2, and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11. Stop supplying the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.
次に、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温する場合、開閉弁Ａ１２と開閉弁Ｅ２３およびを膨張弁Ａ９を閉とし、開閉弁Ｂ１３と抵抗器２２を開として、圧縮機８を駆動する。圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は、切替室凝縮器２１で一部が凝縮し、再度室外熱交換器７で凝縮された後、それぞれ膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１で減圧されて、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６へ供給される。そして、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６で蒸発した冷媒が圧縮機８へ還流する。 Next, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the on-off valve A12 and the on-off valve E23 are closed, the expansion valve A9 is closed, the on-off valve B13 and the resistor 22 are opened, and the compressor 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is partially condensed in the switching chamber condenser 21 and condensed again in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and then decompressed by the expansion valve B 10 and the expansion valve C 11, respectively. , And supplied to the second evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.
このとき、冷媒は図２のモリエル線図に示した状態となる。図２において、横軸は冷媒のエンタルピー、縦軸は冷媒の圧力である。また、図２において、ｐ点は圧縮機８の吸込み冷媒の状態、ｑ点は圧縮機８の吐出冷媒の状態、ｒ点は切替室凝縮器２１の出口の状態、ｓ点は抵抗器２２の出口の状態、ｔ点は室外熱交換器の出口の状態、ｕ点は膨張弁Ｂ１０と膨張弁Ｃ１１の出口の状態である。 At this time, the refrigerant is in the state shown in the Mollier diagram of FIG. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the enthalpy of the refrigerant, and the vertical axis represents the pressure of the refrigerant. In FIG. 2, the point p is the state of the refrigerant sucked by the compressor 8, the point q is the state of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8, the point r is the state of the outlet of the switching chamber condenser 21, and the point s is the resistor 22. The state of the outlet, the point t is the state of the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the point u is the state of the outlets of the expansion valve B10 and the expansion valve C11.
ここで、蒸発器５と第二の蒸発器６の圧力はＰ１、切替室凝縮器２１の圧力はＰ２、室外熱交換器７の圧力はＰ３であり、並列に接続された蒸発器５と第二の蒸発器６の蒸発温度はほぼ同一となるが、抵抗器２２を介して直列に接続された切替室凝縮器２１は、室外熱交換器７よりも高い圧力を維持することができるとともに、過熱蒸気が通過するため高い吹出し空気温度を実現することができる。 Here, the pressure of the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6 is P1, the pressure of the switching chamber condenser 21 is P2, and the pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is P3. Although the evaporation temperature of the second evaporator 6 is substantially the same, the switching chamber condenser 21 connected in series via the resistor 22 can maintain a higher pressure than the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and Since the superheated steam passes, a high blown air temperature can be realized.
このとき、図２において圧縮機８の仕事量（ｈ３−ｈ２）に対して、冷却仕事（ｈ２−ｈ１）と加温仕事（ｈ３−ｈ４）を同時に行うので、ヒータを用いて加温仕事（ｈ３−ｈ４）を行う場合に比べて、効率の高い運転が実現できる。また、室外熱交換器７の凝縮圧力を切替室凝縮器２１よりも低下させたので、室外熱交換器７の出口の冷媒のエンタルピーをｈ１‘からｈ１に下げることができ、比較的大きい冷却仕事（ｈ２−ｈ１）を実現することでより効率の高い運転が実現できた。 At this time, the cooling work (h2-h1) and the heating work (h3-h4) are simultaneously performed with respect to the work amount (h3-h2) of the compressor 8 in FIG. Compared with the case of performing h3-h4), an operation with higher efficiency can be realized. Further, since the condensation pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is lower than that of the switching chamber condenser 21, the enthalpy of the refrigerant at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 can be lowered from h1 ′ to h1, and relatively large cooling work can be achieved. By realizing (h2-h1), a more efficient operation could be realized.
この結果、低外気温時において室外熱交換器７の凝縮温度や凝縮圧力が下がった場合でも、切替室凝縮器２１は比較的高い凝縮温度や凝縮圧力を維持することができ、ホット／コールド切替室１を効率よく加温することができるので、冬場に低外気温となる地域にも廃熱を利用した効率の高い自動販売機を適用することができる。 As a result, even when the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 are lowered at a low outside air temperature, the switching chamber condenser 21 can maintain a relatively high condensation temperature and condensation pressure, and hot / cold switching. Since the room 1 can be efficiently heated, a highly efficient vending machine using waste heat can be applied to an area where the outside air temperature is low in winter.
また、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３の内所定の温度に達した貯蔵室は、当該する膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止する。さらに、すべての貯蔵室が所定の温度に達すると圧縮機８の運転を停止する。 Further, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature in the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve B10 and the expansion valve C11 to stop the supply of the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.
ここで、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が下降すると、室外熱交換器７と抵抗器２２で接続されている切替室凝縮器２１では、より多くの冷媒が凝縮して放熱能力が大きくなり、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が上昇すると、切替室凝縮器２１ではより多くの冷媒が凝縮せずに室外熱交換器７へ供給され放熱能力が小さくなることで、自動的に能力調整が行われる。 Here, when the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is lowered, more refrigerant is condensed in the switching chamber condenser 21 connected by the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and the resistor 22, and the heat radiation capacity is increased. When the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 rises, the switching chamber condenser 21 does not condense more refrigerant and is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 7 to reduce the heat radiation capacity, thereby automatically adjusting the capacity. Is called.
しかし、高い吹出し空気温度を実現するためには、切替室凝縮器２１で圧縮機８の使用圧力上限に近い、高い凝縮温度や凝縮圧力を維持する必要があり、外気温度の変化や貯蔵室の熱負荷の変化に対して以下のように調整することが望ましい。 However, in order to realize a high blown air temperature, it is necessary to maintain a high condensing temperature and a condensing pressure close to the upper limit of the operating pressure of the compressor 8 in the switching chamber condenser 21. It is desirable to adjust as follows with respect to the change in thermal load.
ホット／コールド切替室１を加温している間に、切替室凝縮器２０の凝縮温度が設定値よりも上昇した場合は、抵抗器２２の抵抗値を低下することが望ましい。この結果、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が変動により上昇した場合でも、切替室凝縮器２０の凝縮温度や凝縮圧力が異常に上昇することを防止することができ、圧縮機８の耐久性を向上することができるとともに、冷媒の循環量を維持することでコールド専用室２あるいは第二のコールド専用室３の冷却能力を維持して、貯蔵室の昇温を防止することができる。 While the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, if the condensation temperature of the switching chamber condenser 20 rises above the set value, it is desirable to lower the resistance value of the resistor 22. As a result, even when the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 rises due to fluctuations, the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure of the switching chamber condenser 20 can be prevented from rising abnormally, and the durability of the compressor 8 can be improved. In addition to being able to improve, the cooling capacity of the cold exclusive chamber 2 or the second cold exclusive chamber 3 can be maintained by maintaining the circulation amount of the refrigerant, and the temperature rise of the storage chamber can be prevented.
また、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温している間に、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が設定値よりも上昇した場合は、同時に冷却するコールド専用室２あるいは第二のコールド専用室３など貯蔵室の数を低減することが望ましい。この結果、冷媒の循環量を低下することで、ホット／コールド切替室１の加温能力を低下して、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が異常に上昇することを抑制し効率の高い運転を行うことができる。 If the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 rises above the set value while the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the cold dedicated chamber 2 or the second cold dedicated chamber 3 that is cooled at the same time. It is desirable to reduce the number of storage rooms. As a result, by reducing the circulation amount of the refrigerant, the heating capacity of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is reduced, and the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is prevented from rising abnormally, and high efficiency operation is performed. It can be carried out.
また、圧縮機８として能力可変型圧縮機を用いるとともに、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温している間に、切替室凝縮器２０の凝縮温度が設定値よりも上昇した場合は、圧縮機８の能力を所定量低下させることが望ましい。この結果、圧縮機８を使用圧力上限付近で安定して動作させることができ、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が変動により上昇した場合でも、切替室凝縮器２０の凝縮温度や凝縮圧力が異常に上昇することを防止することができ、圧縮機８の耐久性を向上することができる。 Further, when a variable capacity compressor is used as the compressor 8 and the condensation temperature of the switching chamber condenser 20 rises above the set value while the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the compressor It is desirable to reduce the capacity of 8 by a predetermined amount. As a result, the compressor 8 can be stably operated near the upper limit of the operating pressure, and even when the temperature of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 rises due to fluctuations, the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure of the switching chamber condenser 20 are abnormal. Can be prevented, and the durability of the compressor 8 can be improved.
（実施の形態２）
図３は実施の形態２の自動販売機の室内熱交換器の概略図である。なお、実施の形態１と同一構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the indoor heat exchanger of the vending machine according to the second embodiment. In addition, about the same structure as Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
図３において、切替室蒸発器２０はホット／コールド切替室１内に設置され、切替室凝縮器２１は切替室蒸発器２０の風下側に設置され、送風ファン３０は切替室蒸発器２０および切替室凝縮器２１にホット／コールド切替室１内の空気を送風するもので、補助ヒータ３１は切替室凝縮器２１の風下側に設置されている。 In FIG. 3, the switching chamber evaporator 20 is installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the switching chamber condenser 21 is installed on the leeward side of the switching chamber evaporator 20, and the blower fan 30 is connected to the switching chamber evaporator 20 and the switching chamber evaporator 20. The air in the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is blown to the chamber condenser 21, and the auxiliary heater 31 is installed on the leeward side of the switching chamber condenser 21.
ここで、切替室蒸発器２０は蒸発器５や第二の蒸発器６と同様に、着霜を考慮したフィンチューブ熱交換器の形態とし、フィン間隔やチューブ間隔を比較的大きくとっている。この結果、十分な着霜耐力が得られ霜の目詰まりにより性能の大幅低下が回避できる。 Here, like the evaporator 5 and the second evaporator 6, the switching chamber evaporator 20 is in the form of a finned tube heat exchanger that takes into account frost formation, and the fin interval and the tube interval are relatively large. As a result, sufficient frosting resistance can be obtained, and a significant decrease in performance can be avoided due to clogging of frost.
また、切替室蒸発器２０は風上側前面に多く着霜するため、切替室凝縮器２１よりも風上側に設置して、風向き方向の投影面積を大きくとることが望ましい。これにより、着霜の影響を最小限に抑えることができる。 Further, since the switching chamber evaporator 20 forms a large amount of frost on the windward front surface, it is desirable that the switching chamber evaporator 20 be installed on the windward side than the switching chamber condenser 21 to increase the projected area in the wind direction. Thereby, the influence of frost formation can be suppressed to the minimum.
一方、切替室凝縮器２１は入口側の温度が高く、出口側の温度が低い過熱蒸気との熱交換を考慮したフィンチューブ熱交換器の形態とし、フィン間隔やチューブ間隔を比較的小さく、かつ冷媒と空気の流れが対向流となるようにチューブの接続が設計されている。この結果、凝縮温度よりも高い吹出し空気温度が実現でき、高い熱交換効率が実現できる。 On the other hand, the switching chamber condenser 21 is in the form of a finned tube heat exchanger that takes into account heat exchange with superheated steam having a high inlet side temperature and a low outlet side temperature. Tube connections are designed so that the refrigerant and air flows in opposite directions. As a result, a blown air temperature higher than the condensing temperature can be realized, and high heat exchange efficiency can be realized.
また、切替室凝縮器２１は、切替室蒸発器２０や送風ファン３０よりも風下側に設置して、風向き方向の長さを大きくとることが望ましい。これにより、対向流の冷媒と空気の熱交換が十分行われて、凝縮温度よりも高い吹出し空気温度が実現できるとともに、吹出し空気が切替室蒸発器２０や送風ファン３０と接触して温度低下することなくホット／コールド切替室１内へ供給され高い熱交換効率が実現できる。 Moreover, it is desirable that the switching chamber condenser 21 be installed on the leeward side of the switching chamber evaporator 20 and the blower fan 30 to increase the length in the wind direction. Thereby, heat exchange between the counter-flow refrigerant and the air is sufficiently performed, and a blown air temperature higher than the condensing temperature can be realized, and the blown air comes into contact with the switching chamber evaporator 20 and the blower fan 30 and the temperature is lowered. Without being supplied to the hot / cold switching chamber 1, high heat exchange efficiency can be realized.
次に、補助ヒータ３１の動作について説明する。 Next, the operation of the auxiliary heater 31 will be described.
ホット／コールド切替室１を加温している間に、切替室凝縮器２１の凝縮温度が設定値よりも下降した場合は、補助ヒータ３１に通電する。この結果、ホット／コールド切替室１に飲料缶が多量に投入されたことなどで室内の温度が異常に下降した場合に、切替室凝縮器２１の加熱能力を補助するとともに、吹出し空気温度を通常より高く制御することで、取り出し口付近の飲料缶の温度上昇を速めてプルアップ時間を短縮することができる。 While the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the auxiliary heater 31 is energized when the condensing temperature of the switching chamber condenser 21 falls below the set value. As a result, when the temperature in the room drops abnormally due to a large amount of beverage cans being put into the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the heating capacity of the switching chamber condenser 21 is assisted and the temperature of the blown air is set to normal. By controlling it higher, the temperature rise of the beverage can in the vicinity of the outlet can be accelerated and the pull-up time can be shortened.
また、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温している間に、コールド専用室２あるいは第二のコールド専用室３の温度が所定値より低下した場合、圧縮機の運転を停止するとともに、ホット／コールド切替室１の温度が設定値よりも下降した場合は、補助ヒータ３１に通電するものであり、コールド専用室２あるいは第二のコールド専用室３の過冷を防止するとともに、ホット／コールド切替室１の加温を維持することができる。 If the temperature of the cold dedicated chamber 2 or the second cold dedicated chamber 3 falls below a predetermined value while the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the compressor is stopped and the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is turned off. When the temperature of the cold switching chamber 1 falls below the set value, the auxiliary heater 31 is energized to prevent overcooling of the cold dedicated chamber 2 or the second cold dedicated chamber 3 and hot / cold switching. The heating of the chamber 1 can be maintained.
なお、補助ヒータ３１は切替室凝縮器２１の風下側に設置することが望ましい。これにより、切替室凝縮器２１の加温能力を最大限引き出した後に、補助ヒータ３１を用いて加温するので、補助ヒータ３１の入力を最小限に抑えることができ消費電力の低減が図れる。 The auxiliary heater 31 is preferably installed on the leeward side of the switching chamber condenser 21. As a result, since the auxiliary heater 31 is used for heating after the heating capacity of the switching chamber condenser 21 is maximized, the input of the auxiliary heater 31 can be minimized and the power consumption can be reduced.
（実施の形態３）
図４は実施の形態３の自動販売機の縦断面図、図５は実施の形態３の自動販売機の冷媒のモリエル線図である。なお、実施の形態１と同一構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vending machine according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a Mollier diagram of the refrigerant of the vending machine according to the third embodiment. In addition, about the same structure as Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
図４において、自動販売機４０には、ホット／コールド切替室１内に設置されたコラム４１、コラム４１に貯蔵された飲料缶４２、ホット／コールド切替室１内に設置された上部循環風路４３、ホット／コールド切替室１内に設置された下部循環風路４４が設けられ、また、それぞれ切替室蒸発器２０、切替室凝縮器２１、室外熱交換器７に送風する送風ファンＡ５０、送風ファンＢ５１、送風ファンＣ５２が設けられている。 In FIG. 4, a vending machine 40 includes a column 41 installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1, a beverage can 42 stored in the column 41, and an upper circulation air channel installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1. 43, a lower circulation air passage 44 installed in the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is provided, and a fan A50 for blowing air to the switching chamber evaporator 20, the switching chamber condenser 21, and the outdoor heat exchanger 7, respectively, A fan B51 and a blower fan C52 are provided.
以上のように構成された実施の形態３の自動販売機について、以下その動作を説明する。 The operation of the vending machine of the third embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
ホット／コールド切替室１を冷却する場合、開閉弁Ａ１２と開閉弁Ｅ２３を開とし、開閉弁Ｂ１３と抵抗器２２を閉として、圧縮機８を駆動する。圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は、室外熱交換器７で凝縮された後、それぞれ膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１で減圧されて、切替室蒸発器２０、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６へ供給される。そして、切替室蒸発器２０、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６で蒸発した冷媒が圧縮機８へ還流する。 When the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is cooled, the on-off valve A12 and the on-off valve E23 are opened, the on-off valve B13 and the resistor 22 are closed, and the compressor 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and then decompressed by the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11, respectively, and the switching chamber evaporator 20, the evaporator 5, and the second To the evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the switching chamber evaporator 20, the evaporator 5, and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.
このとき、ホット／コールド切替室１を冷却中は送風ファンＡ５０と送風ファンＢ５１を両方稼動させて、ホット／コールド切替室１内の冷気を室内全体に循環させる。また、ホット／コールド切替室１、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３の内所定の温度に達した貯蔵室は、当該する膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止する。さらに、すべての貯蔵室が所定の温度に達すると圧縮機８の運転を停止する。 At this time, during cooling of the hot / cold switching chamber 1, both the blower fan A50 and the blower fan B51 are operated to circulate the cool air in the hot / cold switching chamber 1 throughout the room. Further, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature among the hot / cold switching chamber 1, the cold dedicated chamber 2, and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11. Stop supplying refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.
次に、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温する場合、開閉弁Ａ１２と開閉弁Ｅ２３およびを膨張弁Ａ９を閉とし、開閉弁Ｂ１３と抵抗器２２を開として、圧縮機８を駆動する。圧縮機８から吐出された冷媒は、切替室凝縮器２１で一部が凝縮し、再度室外熱交換器７で凝縮された後、それぞれ膨張弁Ａ９、膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１で減圧されて、切替室蒸発器２０、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６へ供給される。そして、切替室蒸発器２０、蒸発器５、第二の蒸発器６で蒸発した冷媒が圧縮機８へ還流する。 Next, when the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the on-off valve A12 and the on-off valve E23 are closed, the expansion valve A9 is closed, the on-off valve B13 and the resistor 22 are opened, and the compressor 8 is driven. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 is partially condensed in the switching chamber condenser 21 and condensed again in the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and then decompressed by the expansion valve A9, the expansion valve B10, and the expansion valve C11, respectively. , The switching chamber evaporator 20, the evaporator 5, and the second evaporator 6. Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the switching chamber evaporator 20, the evaporator 5, and the second evaporator 6 is returned to the compressor 8.
このとき、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温中は送風ファンＡ５０と送風ファンＢ５１を両方稼動させて、上部循環風路４３を用いて切替室蒸発器２０で発生した冷気をホット／コールド切替室１の上部で循環させるとともに、下部循環風路４４を用いて切替室凝縮器２１で発生した暖気をホット／コールド切替室１の下部で循環させる。また、コールド専用室２、第二のコールド専用室３の内所定の温度に達した貯蔵室は、当該する膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止する。さらに、すべての貯蔵室が所定の温度に達すると圧縮機８の運転を停止する。 At this time, while the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is being heated, both the blower fan A50 and the blower fan B51 are operated, and the cool air generated in the switching chamber evaporator 20 using the upper circulation air passage 43 is heated / cold switched chamber. 1 is circulated in the upper part of 1, and the warm air generated in the switching chamber condenser 21 is circulated in the lower part of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 using the lower circulation air passage 44. Further, the storage chamber that has reached a predetermined temperature in the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 closes the expansion valve B10 and the expansion valve C11 to stop the supply of the refrigerant. Further, when all the storage rooms reach a predetermined temperature, the operation of the compressor 8 is stopped.
この結果、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温中にコラム４１の上部に長時間保管された飲料缶４２が加温劣化することを防止し、同時に隣室であるコールド専用室２へ熱リークする量を低減することで、コールド専用室２の熱負荷量を低減し省エネルギー化が図れる。 As a result, while the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the beverage can 42 stored at the top of the column 41 for a long time is prevented from being heated and deteriorated, and at the same time, the amount of heat leaking to the cold dedicated chamber 2 which is the adjacent chamber By reducing the above, it is possible to reduce the heat load of the cold room 2 and to save energy.
さらに、ホット／コールド切替室１を加温中に、コールド専用室２と第二のコールド専用室３が共に所定の温度に達した場合、当該する膨張弁Ｂ１０、膨張弁Ｃ１１を閉塞して冷媒の供給を停止することで、切替室蒸発器２０と切替室凝縮器２１および室外熱交換器７を用いたホット／コールド切替室１単独運転が実現できる。なお、この場合、ホット／コールド切替室１の上部冷却が過多にならないように、送風ファンＣ５１を減速あるいは停止して室外熱交換器７の凝縮能力を低下させることが望ましい。 Further, when both the cold dedicated chamber 2 and the second cold dedicated chamber 3 reach a predetermined temperature while the hot / cold switching chamber 1 is heated, the expansion valve B10 and the expansion valve C11 are closed to make a refrigerant. Is stopped, the hot / cold switching chamber 1 can be operated independently using the switching chamber evaporator 20, the switching chamber condenser 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 7. In this case, it is desirable to reduce the condensation capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 by decelerating or stopping the blower fan C51 so that the upper cooling of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 does not become excessive.
このとき、冷媒は図５のモリエル線図に示した状態となる。図５において、横軸は冷媒のエンタルピー、縦軸は冷媒の圧力である。また、図５において、ｐ点は圧縮機８の吸込み冷媒の状態、ｑ点は圧縮機８の吐出冷媒の状態、ｒ点は切替室凝縮器２１の出口の状態、ｓ点は抵抗器２２の出口の状態、ｔ点は室外熱交換器の出口の状態、ｕ点は膨張弁Ａ９の出口の状態である。 At this time, the refrigerant is in the state shown in the Mollier diagram of FIG. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the enthalpy of the refrigerant, and the vertical axis represents the pressure of the refrigerant. Further, in FIG. 5, the point p is the state of the suction refrigerant of the compressor 8, the point q is the state of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8, the point r is the state of the outlet of the switching chamber condenser 21, and the point s is the resistance 22. The outlet state, point t is the outlet state of the outdoor heat exchanger, and point u is the outlet state of the expansion valve A9.
ここで、切替室蒸発器２０の圧力はＰ１、切替室凝縮器２１の圧力はＰ２、室外熱交換器７の圧力はＰ３であり、抵抗器２２を介して直列に接続された切替室凝縮器２１は、室外熱交換器７よりも高い圧力を維持することができるとともに、過熱蒸気が通過するため高い吹出し空気温度を実現することができる。また、送風ファンＣ５１を減速あるいは停止して室外熱交換器７の凝縮能力を低下させることで、室外熱交換器７の出口の状態ｔ点の乾き度が大きくなり、切替室蒸発器２０の仕事量を抑制することができる。 Here, the pressure of the switching chamber evaporator 20 is P1, the pressure of the switching chamber condenser 21 is P2, the pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is P3, and the switching chamber condenser connected in series via the resistor 22. 21 can maintain a higher pressure than the outdoor heat exchanger 7 and can realize a high blown air temperature because the superheated steam passes therethrough. Further, by reducing or stopping the blower fan C51 to reduce the condensation capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 7, the degree of dryness at the state t point at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is increased, and the work of the switching chamber evaporator 20 is increased. The amount can be suppressed.
このとき、図５において圧縮機８の仕事量（ｈ３−ｈ２）に対して、冷却仕事（ｈ２−ｈ１）と加温仕事（ｈ３−ｈ４）を同時に行うので、ヒータを用いて加温仕事（ｈ３−ｈ４）を行う場合に比べて、効率の高い運転が実現できる。 At this time, the cooling work (h2-h1) and the heating work (h3-h4) are simultaneously performed on the work amount (h3-h2) of the compressor 8 in FIG. Compared with the case of performing h3-h4), an operation with higher efficiency can be realized.
この結果、低外気温時にコールド専用室２や第二のコールド専用室３の温度が所定の温度より低くなった場合に、切替室蒸発器２０のみで循環冷媒の蒸発を行うことで、圧縮機８の運転すなわちホット／コールド切替室１の加温を効率よく維持することができ、冬場に外気温度が低下する地域にも広範囲に適用できる。 As a result, when the temperature of the cold exclusive chamber 2 or the second cold exclusive chamber 3 becomes lower than a predetermined temperature at a low outside air temperature, the circulating refrigerant is evaporated only by the switching chamber evaporator 20, so that the compressor 8 operation, that is, warming of the hot / cold switching chamber 1 can be efficiently maintained, and it can be widely applied to an area where the outside air temperature decreases in winter.
以上のように、本発明にかかる自動販売機は、ホット／コールド切替室の蒸発器と凝縮器を分離することにより、着霜しながら蒸発温度で使用される蒸発器と、主として過熱蒸気の温度で使用される凝縮器それぞれに最適な設計を行い熱交換器の効率を向上することで、さらに消費電力を低減することができ、冷却，加温機能を備えた機器に適用できる。 As described above, the vending machine according to the present invention separates the evaporator and the condenser in the hot / cold switching chamber, and thereby the evaporator used at the evaporation temperature while frosting, and mainly the temperature of the superheated steam. By optimizing the design of each condenser used and improving the efficiency of the heat exchanger, the power consumption can be further reduced, and it can be applied to equipment with cooling and heating functions.
１ ホット／コールド切替室
２ コールド専用室
３ 第二のコールド専用室
７ 室外熱交換器
２０ 切替室蒸発器
２１ 切替室凝縮器
２２ 抵抗器
３１ 補助ヒータ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot / cold switching room 2 Cold exclusive room 3 Second cold exclusive room 7 Outdoor heat exchanger 20 Switching room evaporator 21 Switching room condenser 22 Resistor 31 Auxiliary heater
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2007274995A JP4155333B2 (en) | 2007-10-23 | 2007-10-23 | vending machine |
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| JP2007274995A JP4155333B2 (en) | 2007-10-23 | 2007-10-23 | vending machine |
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| JP2004033200A Division JP4513349B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2004-02-10 | vending machine |
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| JP5239464B2 (en) * | 2008-04-04 | 2013-07-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | vending machine |
| JP5418037B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2014-02-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | vending machine |
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