JP4127572B2 - Antibacterial tableware and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Antibacterial tableware and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4127572B2
JP4127572B2 JP12742698A JP12742698A JP4127572B2 JP 4127572 B2 JP4127572 B2 JP 4127572B2 JP 12742698 A JP12742698 A JP 12742698A JP 12742698 A JP12742698 A JP 12742698A JP 4127572 B2 JP4127572 B2 JP 4127572B2
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tableware
antibacterial
alumina
coat film
silver chloride
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JPH11318668A (en
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修 大平
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土岐市
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5025Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
    • C04B41/5031Alumina
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/0004Compounds chosen for the nature of their cations
    • C04B2103/0015Noble metal or copper compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/60Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2103/67Biocides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00965Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for household applications, e.g. use of materials as cooking ware

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、長期間にわたり抗菌効果を発揮することができて衛生的な抗菌食器およびその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、例えば、学校や病院などで使用される磁器製の食器には、食中毒の予防を目的として抗菌処理を施したものが種々提案されている。この抗菌処理としては、オリゴダイナミーと称され−SH基と反応して菌の機能を阻害し殺菌作用を示す銀イオンに着目して、燐酸カルシウムやゼオライト等に銀を担持させた銀含有無機系抗菌材を用い、該抗菌材を生釉薬中に添加したり、製品表面にスプレーコーティングしたりした後、1000℃以上の高温で焼成を行い釉薬層に抗菌材を融着させる方法が知られている。
【0003】
ところが、抗菌材を生釉薬中に添加する場合には、高温焼成を行う過程で抗菌材が釉薬中に埋没してしまい表面に露出する割合が少なくなって十分な抗菌効果を発揮することができないという問題点があり、一方、抗菌材を製品表面にスプレーコーティングする場合には、抗菌材の融着力をコントロールすることができないので、簡単に剥がれてしまって短期間で抗菌効果が消滅してしまうという問題点があった。また、前記いずれの方法においても、釉薬の組成に影響を与えることが避けられないので、釉表面がザラザラになったり、釉薬層の内部に歪みを発生させて強度が低下する等の問題点もあった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとするところは上記のような従来の問題点を解決して、長期間にわたり安定して抗菌効果を発揮することができるとともに、優れた外観品質を保持することができる抗菌食器およびその製造方法を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明は、少なくとも表面をガラス質とした食器本体の表面に、難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出しているアルミナコート膜を形成してあることを特徴とする抗菌食器と、施釉された陶磁器製の食器表面に、難溶性塩化銀が含有されているアルミナゾルコート液をコーティングしてこれを乾燥した後、アルミナが結晶化しない低温度域で焼成して、食器表面に難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出しているアルミナコート膜を形成することを特徴とする抗菌食器の製造方法とよりなるものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の好ましい実施の形態を示す。
本発明に係る抗菌食器は、施釉陶器や施釉磁器或いはガラスのような少なくとも表面をガラス質とした食器表面に、難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出して抗菌作用を発揮する肉薄のアルミナコート膜を形成したものであって、このような抗菌食器は前記した抗菌作用を発揮する肉薄のアルミナコート膜に分散・露出している塩化銀が食器に優れた抗菌・殺菌機能を付加して食中毒などから有効に予防するのである。また、アルミナコート膜はガラス質に対しては強固に被覆されるので耐久性が確保される。
なお、前記アルミナコート膜の厚みは、難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が均一に分散・露出し且つ外観が損なわれないものとするためには、0.2μm 以下の非常に薄く均一なものが好ましいが、これよりも厚い膜としても、虹色の縞模様が顕著に現れるという外観上の問題があっても抗菌作用の点ではほとんどかわらないので0.2μm 以下に限定されることはない。
【0007】
このようなアルミナコート膜を形成するには、先ず、施釉陶磁器や耐熱ガラスなどの少なくとも表面がガラス質である食器表面を難溶性塩化銀が含有されているアルミナゾルコート液でデッピング処理するかスプレー処理するなどしてコーティングする。ここで前記アルミナゾルは、5〜200μm のコロイドの大きさをもつアルミナ水和物で、重合分子が塩素イオンのような陰イオンを安定剤として分散している粘性のある液体であるから、これに硝酸銀溶液と水を加えて混合し、食器表面に付着するのに適正な粘性を有するアルミナゾルコート液としている。
【0008】
このアルミナゾルコート液のアルミナゾル濃度は、ガラス質である食器表面に十分に付着できるよう2〜3%に調整するのが好ましく、また、銀濃度は0.2%以下、更に好ましくは0.1%前後に調整するのが好ましい。その理由はアルミナゾル濃度が前記範囲外の場合は適正な粘性となり難く、一方、銀濃度が0.2%より大きくても、抗菌作用はほとんどかわらないからである。
【0009】
前記したような表面をアルミナゾルコート液でコーティング処理を施した食器は乾燥後、アルミナが結晶化しない低温度域で焼成して、ガラス質である食器表面に難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出されているアルミナコート膜を強固に被覆形成する。
なお、前記乾燥は通常は自然乾燥で行うが、乾燥工程に先立ち食器を回転させて遠心力により余分なアルミナゾルコート液を除去しておくこともできる。この乾燥工程は、施釉陶磁器のような少なくとも表面がガラス質である食器には吸水性がなく、しかも、アルミナコート膜が極めて薄いものであるため数分間で終了することができる。また、焼成工程は、アルミナゾルコート液を食器表面に膜として固着させるためのものであり、アルミナが結晶化しない約400〜600℃の低温度域で行うことが好ましい。その理由は、400℃未満では十分なアルミナコート膜の固着が得られず、一方、600℃より高い温度では食器に予め施された装飾柄を溶融して不鮮明にする場合があるからである。
【0010】
以上のようにして得られたものは、食器本体の表面に難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が均一に分散・露出されているアルミナコート膜の薄膜が形成してあるので、優れた抗菌・殺菌機能を発揮して食中毒などの発生を的確に防止し、衛生的な食卓環境を確保できることとなり、しかも、前記アルミナコート膜は透明で薄く均一なものであるから、食器表面に施された絵柄模様に何ら影響を及ぼすこともなく、また、抗菌材として難溶性の塩化銀を使用しているので、毒性がないうえに銀イオンが必要以上に溶け出すこともなく、長期間にわたって抗菌性を持続することができることとなる。更には、食器表面には装飾用の絵柄が施されているものも多く、この場合、前記上絵の成分中には鉛やカドミウムが含まれており、また、食器本体がボーンチャイナなどよりなる場合のように鉛フリット釉が使用されている場合には、これら上絵から微量の鉛やカドミウム等の有害金属が溶出するおそれがあるが、本発明では最表層となる前記アルミナコート膜がこれら有害金属の溶出を遮蔽防止するので、優れた安全性を確保できることとなる。
【0011】
【実施例】
市販品である塩素イオン安定化アルミナゾルに硝酸銀溶液を加え、アルミナゾル濃度が約2.5%、銀濃度が約0.1%の適度な粘性を有するアルミナゾルコート液を作成した。このアルミナゾルコート液を用いて施釉磁器よりなる皿表面にスピンコーティング処理を施し、200rpm で回転して遠心力で余分なコート液を除去した後、約5分間乾燥処理した。次いで、これを電気炉に入れ500℃で焼成して、食器本体の表面に難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出した0.1μm のアルミナコート膜を形成した。
この皿を、(財)日本食品分析センター内にある「銀等無機抗菌剤研究会」の提唱する「抗菌加工製品の抗菌力試験法(フィルム密着法)」に準拠した方法により抗菌性を測定したところ、大腸菌数が基準値よりはるかに少なく優れた抗菌性を奏することが確認できた。
なお、得られた食器を光に反射させてよく観察してみると、アルミナコート膜による光の干渉作用によって僅かに虹色の縞模様を目視で確認することができ、抗菌食器と何ら処理してない普通の食器とを区別することができるから、この点で心理的に安心感を与えることができるものとなる。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明からも明らかなように、本発明に係る抗菌食器は、長期間にわたり安定して抗菌効果を発揮することができるとともに、施釉陶磁器よりなる場合でもその釉薬組成に何ら影響を与えることもなく優れた外観品質を保持することができるものである。
また、本発明に係る抗菌食器の製造方法によれば、上記のような抗菌食器を容易かつ低コストで製造することができることとなる。
よって本発明は従来の問題点を一掃した抗菌食器およびその製造方法として、産業の発展に寄与するところは極めて大である。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hygienic antibacterial tableware that can exhibit an antibacterial effect over a long period of time and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Various types of porcelain tableware that has been subjected to antibacterial treatment for the purpose of preventing food poisoning have been proposed in the past, for example, in schools and hospitals. As this antibacterial treatment, focusing on silver ions, called oligodynamics, which react with -SH groups to inhibit the function of bacteria and show bactericidal action, silver-containing inorganic particles in which silver is supported on calcium phosphate, zeolite, etc. A method is known in which an antibacterial material is used, and the antibacterial material is added to the ginger and spray-coated on the surface of the product and then baked at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher to fuse the antibacterial material to the glaze layer ing.
[0003]
However, when the antibacterial material is added to the ginger, the antibacterial material is buried in the glaze in the process of high-temperature baking, and the ratio of exposure to the surface is reduced, so that a sufficient antibacterial effect cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, when antibacterial material is spray coated on the surface of the product, the antibacterial effect cannot be controlled and the antibacterial effect disappears in a short period of time because it cannot be controlled. There was a problem. In addition, in any of the above methods, it is inevitable to affect the composition of the glaze, so that the surface of the glaze becomes rough or the inside of the glaze layer is distorted to reduce the strength. there were.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, and to exhibit an antibacterial effect stably over a long period of time and to maintain an excellent appearance quality. And providing a manufacturing method thereof.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems is that an alumina coat film in which fine particles of hardly soluble silver chloride are dispersed and exposed is formed on the surface of a tableware body having at least a glassy surface. The surface of the antibacterial tableware and the glazed ceramic tableware are coated with an alumina sol coating solution containing sparingly soluble silver chloride, dried, and then fired in a low temperature range where the alumina does not crystallize. And an antibacterial tableware manufacturing method characterized by forming an alumina coat film in which fine particles of sparingly soluble silver chloride are dispersed and exposed on the surface of the tableware.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
The antibacterial tableware according to the present invention is a thin alumina coat that exhibits antibacterial action by dispersing and exposing fine particles of poorly soluble silver chloride on at least the surface of glassware such as glazed ceramics, glazed porcelain or glass. This antibacterial tableware is a food poisoning because the silver chloride dispersed and exposed on the thin alumina coat film that exhibits the antibacterial action adds an excellent antibacterial and bactericidal function to the tableware. It is effectively prevented from such as. Further, since the alumina coat film is firmly coated on the vitreous, durability is ensured.
The thickness of the alumina coat film is preferably very thin and uniform with a thickness of 0.2 μm or less so that the hardly soluble silver chloride fine particles are uniformly dispersed and exposed and the appearance is not impaired. Even a film thicker than this is not limited to 0.2 μm or less because it hardly changes in terms of antibacterial action even if there is a problem in appearance that a rainbow-colored stripe pattern appears remarkably.
[0007]
In order to form such an alumina coat film, first, the surface of a tableware such as glazed ceramics or heat-resistant glass is glassy, or is dipped or sprayed with an alumina sol coat liquid containing hardly soluble silver chloride. Coating. Here, the alumina sol is an alumina hydrate having a colloidal size of 5 to 200 μm, and the polymer molecule is a viscous liquid in which anions such as chloride ions are dispersed as stabilizers. A silver nitrate solution and water are added and mixed to form an alumina sol coating solution having an appropriate viscosity for adhering to the surface of the tableware.
[0008]
The alumina sol concentration of the alumina sol coating solution is preferably adjusted to 2 to 3% so that it can sufficiently adhere to the glassy tableware surface, and the silver concentration is 0.2% or less, more preferably 0.1%. It is preferable to adjust back and forth. The reason is that when the alumina sol concentration is outside the above range, it is difficult to achieve an appropriate viscosity. On the other hand, even if the silver concentration is higher than 0.2%, the antibacterial action hardly changes.
[0009]
Tableware whose surface is coated with an alumina sol coating solution as described above is dried and then baked in a low temperature range where alumina does not crystallize, so that slightly soluble silver chloride fine particles are dispersed and exposed on the glassy tableware surface. The formed alumina coat film is firmly coated.
In addition, although the said drying is normally performed by natural drying, prior to a drying process, it can also rotate tableware and can remove an excess alumina sol coating liquid with a centrifugal force. This drying process can be completed in a few minutes because tableware such as glazed ceramics that has at least a glass surface does not absorb water, and the alumina coating film is extremely thin. The firing step is for fixing the alumina sol coating solution as a film on the tableware surface, and is preferably performed in a low temperature range of about 400 to 600 ° C. at which the alumina does not crystallize. The reason is that if the temperature is lower than 400 ° C., sufficient fixation of the alumina coat film cannot be obtained, while if the temperature is higher than 600 ° C., the decorative pattern previously applied to the tableware may be melted and unclear.
[0010]
The product obtained as described above has an excellent antibacterial and bactericidal function because the surface of the tableware body is formed with an alumina coat film thin film in which fine particles of poorly soluble silver chloride are uniformly dispersed and exposed. This will prevent the occurrence of food poisoning and ensure a sanitary dining environment, and since the alumina coat film is transparent, thin and uniform, there is no pattern on the surface of the tableware. There is no effect, and because it uses sparingly soluble silver chloride as an antibacterial material, it is not toxic and silver ions do not dissolve more than necessary, so that antibacterial properties can be maintained over a long period of time. Will be able to. Furthermore, the surface of the tableware is often decorated with a decorative pattern. In this case, the components of the above picture contain lead and cadmium, and the tableware body is made of bone china or the like. When lead frit soot is used as in the case, trace amounts of harmful metals such as lead and cadmium may be eluted from these pictures. However, in the present invention, the alumina coat film which is the outermost layer is these. Since elution of harmful metals is prevented, excellent safety can be ensured.
[0011]
【Example】
A silver nitrate solution was added to a commercially available chlorine ion-stabilized alumina sol to prepare an alumina sol coating solution having an appropriate viscosity with an alumina sol concentration of about 2.5% and a silver concentration of about 0.1%. Using this alumina sol coating solution, the surface of the plate made of a glazed porcelain was subjected to a spin coating treatment, rotated at 200 rpm to remove excess coating solution by centrifugal force, and then dried for about 5 minutes. This was then placed in an electric furnace and baked at 500 ° C. to form a 0.1 μm alumina coated film in which fine particles of hardly soluble silver chloride were dispersed and exposed on the surface of the tableware body.
The antibacterial properties of this dish were measured by a method based on the “Antibacterial Strength Test Method (Film Adhesion Method) of Antibacterial Products” proposed by the “Study Group for Inorganic Antibacterial Agents such as Silver” in the Japan Food Analysis Center. As a result, it was confirmed that the number of Escherichia coli was far less than the reference value and exhibited excellent antibacterial properties.
When the obtained tableware is reflected in light and observed closely, a slight rainbow-colored stripe pattern can be visually confirmed by the light interference effect of the alumina coat film, and it is treated with antibacterial tableware. It can be distinguished from ordinary tableware that has not been used, and can provide psychological relief in this respect.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above explanation, the antibacterial tableware according to the present invention can stably exhibit the antibacterial effect over a long period of time, and even if it is made of glazed ceramics, it may affect the glaze composition. And excellent appearance quality can be maintained.
Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of the antibacterial tableware which concerns on this invention, the above antibacterial tableware can be manufactured easily and at low cost.
Therefore, the present invention contributes greatly to the development of the industry as an antibacterial tableware and a method for producing the same that have eliminated the conventional problems.

Claims (4)

少なくとも表面をガラス質とした食器本体の表面に、難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出しているアルミナコート膜を形成してあることを特徴とする抗菌食器。An antibacterial tableware characterized in that an alumina coat film in which fine particles of hardly soluble silver chloride are dispersed and exposed is formed on the surface of a tableware body having at least a glassy surface. アルミナコート膜の厚みが、0.2μm 以下である請求項1に記載の抗菌食器。The antibacterial tableware according to claim 1, wherein the alumina coat film has a thickness of 0.2 µm or less. 施釉された陶磁器製の食器表面に、難溶性塩化銀が含有されているアルミナゾルコート液をコーティングしてこれを乾燥した後、アルミナが結晶化しない低温度域で焼成して、食器表面に難溶性塩化銀の微粒子が分散・露出しているアルミナコート膜を形成することを特徴とする抗菌食器の製造方法。The surface of the glazed ceramic tableware is coated with an alumina sol coating solution containing sparingly soluble silver chloride, dried, and then fired in a low temperature range where the alumina does not crystallize. A method for producing antibacterial tableware, comprising forming an alumina coat film in which fine particles of silver chloride are dispersed and exposed. アルミナゾルコート液のアルミナゾル濃度を2〜3%、銀濃度を0.2%以下とした請求項3に記載の抗菌食器の製造方法。The method for producing antibacterial tableware according to claim 3, wherein the alumina sol coating solution has an alumina sol concentration of 2-3% and a silver concentration of 0.2% or less.
JP12742698A 1998-05-11 1998-05-11 Antibacterial tableware and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP4127572B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0727777A (en) * 1993-07-13 1995-01-31 Nippondenso Co Ltd Electromagnetic rotation detector

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113582476A (en) * 2021-07-15 2021-11-02 深圳市天健(集团)股份有限公司 Sludge treatment method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0727777A (en) * 1993-07-13 1995-01-31 Nippondenso Co Ltd Electromagnetic rotation detector

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