JP4124731B2 - 排気不透明度測定装置 - Google Patents
排気不透明度測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 93
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 106
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 70
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium antimonide Chemical compound [Sb]#[In] WPYVAWXEWQSOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- GGYFMLJDMAMTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Se] GGYFMLJDMAMTAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
- G01M15/108—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases using optical methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N2021/1793—Remote sensing
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2001年9月11日付け米国特許出願第60/318574号、発明の名称「排気物質中の煤煙濃度を検出する装置及び方法」を優先権主張するものである。
図5は、本発明の一実施態様に関して多重波長不透明度測定装置の図である。この装置は、EM放射線の多重波長を生成することができる線源12を構成する。例えば、線源12はEMスペクトルの弁別可能な領域におけるEM放射線を生成する多くの線源(例えば線源12A、線源12B、…線源12N)を構成する。例えば、本発明の3つの波長の実施態様において、線源12は赤外線(IR)源(例えば炭化ケイ素電気加熱式点火器、チューナブルダイオードレーザなど)、可視線源(例えばHe−Neレーザ)及び紫外線(UV)源(例えばキセノン、水銀、ジューテリウム、あるいは別のアークランプ)を構成する。
EM放射ビーム中の小さい非吸収粒子(すなわち、煙)はビーム中の透過エネルギーを減少する。単色性EMビームの減少量はビアの法則により以下に典型的に定義されており、
Claims (8)
- 排気プルームの不透明度値を測定する方法であり、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長からなるビームを排気プルームへ方向づけ、
ビームが排気プルームを通過した後そのビームを検出し、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長のそれぞれに対してビームが排気プルームを通過することにより生じるビームの強度の変化を測定し、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の測定された強度変化を比較し、電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致するかどうかを測定し、
測定された強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致して測定されると、電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の測定された強度変化から不透明度値を測定し、更に、
測定された強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致しないと測定されると、不透明度を測定することなく少なくとも2つの異なる波長の測定された強度変化を廃棄する工程から構成される方法。 - 前記ビームは更に、
赤外スペクトル内に存在する第1波長と、
可視スペクトル内に存在する第2波長と、更に
紫外線スペクトル内に存在する第3波長とから構成される請求項1記載の方法。 - 走行中の自動車の排気物質を測定する遠隔排気検知装置を利用して不透明度を測定する方法であって、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長を排気プルームへ方向づけ、
排気プルームを通過した後の電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長を検出し、
排気プルーム中に存在する自動車排気成分の相対濃度を測定し、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長のそれぞれに対してビームが排気プルームを通過することにより生じる強度の変化を測定し、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長のそれぞれに対する強度変化を自動車排気成分の既知の相対濃度に対して相関し、
自動車排気成分の既知の相対濃度に対して相関する電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長のそれぞれに対する有効不透明度値を記録し、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の強度変化を比較し、電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致するかどうかを測定し、
測定された強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致して測定されると、有効不透明度値の平均値に比例する報告不透明度値を算出し、更に、
測定された強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致しないと測定されると、報告不透明度を算出することなく少なくとも2つの異なる波長の測定された強度変化を廃棄する工程から構成される方法。 - 更に、電磁放射線の第3の異なる波長を排気プルームへ方向づける工程から構成される請求項3記載の方法。
- 電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の第1の波長は赤外スペクトル内に存在する波長からなり、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の第2の波長は可視スペクトル内に存在する波長からなり、
電磁放射線の第3の異なる波長は紫外線スペクトル内に存在する波長からなる請求項4記載の方法。 - 自動車排気プルームの不透明度を測定する遠隔検知装置であって、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長を排気プルームへ方向づける線源と、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長を検出し且つ出力信号を生成する検出器と、
プロセッサであって、
排気プルーム中に存在する自動車排気成分の相対濃度を測定する相対濃度モジュールと、
少なくとも部分的に出力信号に基づく少なくとも2つの異なる波長に対してビームが排気プルームを通過することにより生じる強度変化を測定する強度変化モジュールと、
自動車排気成分の相対濃度に対して少なくとも2つの異なる波長における強度変化を相関させ更に自動車排気成分の既知の相対濃度に相関する少なくとも2つの異なる波長のそれぞれに対して有効不透明度値を記録する相関モジュールと、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の強度変化を比較し、電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致するかどうかを測定し、
測定された強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致して測定されると、有効不透明度値の平均値に比例する報告不透明度値を算出し、且つ
測定された強度変化が少なくとも所定の等価値と比較して互いに一致しないと測定されると、報告不透明度を算出することなく少なくとも2つの異なる波長の測定された強度変化を廃棄する算出モジュールとからなるプロセッサとから構成される遠隔検知装置。 - 第3の異なる波長とからなる電磁放射線の線源を更に構成する請求項6記載の装置。
- 電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の第1の波長は赤外スペクトルに存在する波長であり、
電磁放射線の少なくとも2つの異なる波長の第2の波長は可視スペクトルに存在する波長であり、更に
第3の異なる波長は紫外線スペクトルに存在する波長である請求項7記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US31857401P | 2001-09-11 | 2001-09-11 | |
US10/093,714 US6701256B2 (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2002-03-11 | Exhaust opacity measuring device |
PCT/US2002/028664 WO2003023349A2 (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2002-09-11 | Exhaust opacity measuring device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005502870A JP2005502870A (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
JP4124731B2 true JP4124731B2 (ja) | 2008-07-23 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2003527375A Expired - Fee Related JP4124731B2 (ja) | 2001-09-11 | 2002-09-11 | 排気不透明度測定装置 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6701256B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1425576B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4124731B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100491969C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE491940T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002324934A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0212415A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60238622D1 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1066058A1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1425576E (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003023349A2 (ja) |
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2002
- 2002-03-11 US US10/093,714 patent/US6701256B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-11 PT PT02759607T patent/PT1425576E/pt unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030225532A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
PT1425576E (pt) | 2011-03-23 |
JP2005502870A (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
US7274994B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 |
ATE491940T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
WO2003023349A2 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
US6701256B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
BR0212415A (pt) | 2004-08-03 |
EP1425576A2 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
EP1425576A4 (en) | 2006-09-13 |
EP2341338A1 (en) | 2011-07-06 |
US20040155191A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
DE60238622D1 (de) | 2011-01-27 |
EP1425576B1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
CN100491969C (zh) | 2009-05-27 |
US7016789B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 |
WO2003023349A3 (en) | 2003-04-24 |
CN1554022A (zh) | 2004-12-08 |
AU2002324934A1 (en) | 2003-03-24 |
HK1066058A1 (en) | 2005-03-11 |
US20060074567A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
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