JP4122881B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Lighting device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4122881B2
JP4122881B2 JP2002217546A JP2002217546A JP4122881B2 JP 4122881 B2 JP4122881 B2 JP 4122881B2 JP 2002217546 A JP2002217546 A JP 2002217546A JP 2002217546 A JP2002217546 A JP 2002217546A JP 4122881 B2 JP4122881 B2 JP 4122881B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
light source
light
substantially horizontal
horizontal direction
reflecting mirror
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JP2002217546A
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JP2004063174A (en
Inventor
圭司 坂本
忠史 村上
昌男 山口
広行 関井
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/08Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
    • F21S8/085Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V11/00Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00
    • F21V11/02Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00 using parallel laminae or strips, e.g. of Venetian-blind type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0025Combination of two or more reflectors for a single light source
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/005Reflectors for light sources with an elongated shape to cooperate with linear light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10Outdoor lighting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/103Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/105Outdoor lighting of arenas or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、水平面照度および鉛直面照度において、高照度を実現することができる防犯照明器具等に適用される照明装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図15に示すように、防犯照明器具において、防犯上の照明効果として4m先の歩行者の挙動・姿勢が分ることが望ましく、これを満足するための照度基準として、路面105上の水平面平均照度は3(lx)以上であり、高さ1.5mでの鉛直面最低照度は0.5(lx)以上であることが望ましい。
【0003】
また防犯照明器具はコストを抑えるために既設の電柱104に取り付けることが多い。電柱104の間隔は概ね40m程度であり、器具直下の鉛直面照度は、その器具の影響を受けずに、40m隣の器具の光度によって決まる。
【0004】
器具設置間隔が40mで設置高さが4.5mの場合、隣の器具直下1.5m地点の鉛直面照度に影響を及ぼす光度は器具直下からθ=85°の略水平方向の光であり、照度は距離の2乗に反比例して減衰するので、40m間隔で器具を設置する場合、上記照度基準を満足することは困難である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図16(a)に示すように道路灯や防犯灯において従来から一般的にバットウイング配光を実現する照明装置は、ランプ100に向かって凹状の反射鏡(クロス配光)101を用いたものである。通常防犯灯として用いられているW(ワット)数の光源では、直接光Lだけでは目標値の達成は困難である。それを補うために図16(b)に示すように反射鏡102を用いるが、ほぼ水平方向に配光制御するためには、従来の反射鏡形状では、反射光Laのみとなり直接光Lの利用ができなくなる。また、従来の反射鏡の形状ではランプ100から出射される光束の一部しか利用できず、特にランプ100の上部への光束が利用できないため非常に効率が悪い。
【0006】
さらに図16(c)に示すように直接光Lおよび反射光Laを共に利用するためには、ランプ100と反射鏡101、102の距離が長い器具が必要になる。
【0007】
また高出力の光源を用いれば、従来の反射鏡で目標達成可能であるが、省エネルギを考慮してできるだけ低W数の光源を用いる事が望ましい。
【0008】
したがって、この発明の目的は、従来器具と同程度の大きさ、同程度のW数の光源で効率良くほぼ水平方向に配光制御することができ、防犯上安全な照度レベルを満足することができる照明装置を提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1記載の照明装置は、長手方向を略水平姿勢とする光源と、前記光源の上部に配置され前記光源に向けて前記長手方向の中心軸に平行な凸条部を有し光を略水平方向に反射する反射鏡と、前記光源の下方に配置されて前記光源の光を略水平方向に配光する複数のプリズムと、前記光源の長手方向の中心軸の延長上に配置されて前記中心軸を含む垂直面に沿う光束を略水平方向に反射する側面反射鏡とを備え、前記複数のプリズムは底辺が同じ長さの二等辺三角形状で道路の通行方向に並設されており、前記複数のプリズムのうち前記光源の直下の前記プリズムの頂角が小さく光源から離れるに従って順次頂角が大きくなっているものである。
【0010】
請求項1記載の照明装置によれば、光源に向けて凸条部を有する反射鏡を光源に対し上方に配置し複数のプリズムを光源の下方に配置して光を遠くへ飛ばすことにより、従来器具と同程度の大きさ、同程度のW数の光源で効率良くほぼ水平方向に配光制御することができ、これにより目標値を達成し、防犯上安全な照度レベルを満足する防犯灯を提供することができる。
【0011】
請求項2記載の照明装置は、長手方向を略水平姿勢とする光源と、前記光源の上部に配置され前記光源に向けて前記中心軸に平行な凸条部を有し光を略水平方向に反射する反射鏡と、前記光源の下方に配置されて前記光源の光を略水平方向に配光する複数のルーバと、前記光源の長手方向の中心軸の延長上に配置されて前記中心軸を含む垂直面に沿う光束を略水平方向に反射する側面反射鏡とを備え、前記複数のルーバが道路の通行方向にV字形に並びその最下位を前記光源の直下とし、前記光源の直下から通行方向に離れるに従って前記複数のルーバの水平に対する傾斜角度を次第に小さくしたものである。
【0012】
請求項2記載の照明装置によれば、光源に向けて凸条部を有する反射鏡を光源に対し上方に配置し複数のルーバを光源の下方に配置して光を遠くへ飛ばすことにより、従来器具と同程度の大きさ、同程度のW数の光源で効率良くほぼ水平方向に配光制御することができ、これにより目標値を達成し、防犯上安全な照度レベルを満足する防犯灯を提供することができる。
【0013】
請求項3記載の照明装置は、請求項1または請求項2において、前記光源から前記略水平方向と前記配光制御部材の方向との中間方向の位置に前記光源の光を略水平方向に配光するプリズムを有するものである。
【0014】
請求項3記載の照明装置によれば、請求項1または請求項2よりも器具効率が良好になる
【0015】
請求項4記載の照明装置は、請求項において、前記複数のプリズムを前記光源の長手方向よりも短い長さとしたものである。
【0016】
請求項4記載の照明装置によれば、請求項と同様な効果がある。
【0017】
請求項5記載の照明装置は、請求項において、前記複数のルーバを前記光源の長手方向よりも短い長さとしたものである。
【0018】
請求項5記載の照明装置によれば、請求項2と同様な効果がある。
【0033】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の第1の実施の形態を図1および図2により説明する。すなわち、この照明装置は、長手方向のある光源1と、側面反射鏡3と、光源1に向けて凸条部4aを有する反射鏡4とを備える。
【0034】
光源1は長手方向のあるもので、例えば直管蛍光ランプ、ツインランプ、セラメタランプなどの円筒状ないし棒状のランプなどを用い、図では長手方向が略水平姿勢になっている。
【0035】
側面反射鏡3は光源1の長手方向の中心軸5上に凸部2が位置し、光源1の一端に配置されている。全体形状は蝶羽状をなし、その中心の屈曲線を垂直下方に延びた筋条の凸部2とし、各羽部分は光源1に向けて凹状の曲面をなしている。曲面の形状は光源1の中心あるいは光源1の中心軸上の点を焦点とした放物面であるかまたは各々の点を焦点とした小さい放物面を組合せた多面体である。凸形状の側面反射鏡3に曲面形状を用いることで、光源の中心軸5を含む垂直面に沿う光束を略水平方向に反射する、すなわち前記したθ=略85°方向に配光制御する。
【0036】
反射鏡4は略水平方向、上記したθ=略85°方向に配光するものであり、実施の形態では光源1の上部に位置し、凸条部4aが中心軸5に平行であって反射光を略水平方向に反射するように配置される。この反射鏡4の形状は平板の中心を屈曲線に沿って略くの字形に折曲し、その凸面(山折り)側を光源1に向け、屈曲線を光源1の中心軸5に平行にしている。
【0037】
図2(a)は照明装置Nによる配光を説明するもので、φ=0°断面の配光制御は略水平方向例えばθ=85°の方向の光度値をアップし、φ=略45°〜90°断面の配光制御はφ=0°近辺のθ=85°方向の光度値をアップし、φ=90°断面の配光制御は歩道対面へのグレア光をカットすることを狙いとする。
【0038】
図2(b)は図2(c)に示す光源1の中心軸5に垂直な断面A方向において、θ=85°方向に200cd/1000lm以上の光束を飛ばすようにすることで、推奨照度値を満足することを示す。この場合、直射光Lによる照度値100cd/1000lmとすると、直射光以外の光Lbが100cd必要である。図2(c)に示すように光源1の中心軸5に平行な断面B方向近傍の光束を反射鏡3を用いて断面A方向θ=85°方向に配光制御する。
【0039】
上記実施の形態によれば、凸条部4aを有する反射鏡4を配置して光を遠くへ飛ばすことにより、従来器具と同程度の大きさ、同程度W数の光源で効率良くほぼ水平方向に配光制御することができ、これにより目標値を達成し、防犯上安全な照度レベルを満足する防犯灯を提供できる。
【0040】
図1(b)は側面反射鏡が平面鏡の場合であり、図1(c)は側面反射鏡が光源からみて谷折りに折曲された凹部になっており、図1(b)と逆向きに反射する。なお、この実施の形態において、側面反射鏡3は光源1の反対側端部に設けられてもよく、またその両方に設けられてもい。
【0041】
この発明の第2の実施の形態を図3により説明する。すなわち、第1の実施の形態において、反射鏡4を光源1の下方に配置し、凸条部4aを光源1に向けている。反射鏡4の幅は第1の実施の形態と比べて小さくし、斜め下方への直射光の妨げとならないようにしている。その他は第1の実施の形態と同様である。
【0042】
図3(b)は図1(b)に対応し側面反射鏡3が平面の場合である。図3(c)は側面反射鏡3が凸部のない平面鏡の場合である。この場合も反射鏡4を反射した光を略水平方向に反射することができる。
【0043】
この発明の第3の実施の形態を図4により説明する。第1の実施の形態において、反射鏡4は光源1の上部に光源1に向いた凸条部4aの両側の凹面を放物面に形成し、θ=略85°の略水平方向に配光制御する。焦点位置は光源1の略中心が望ましいが、光源1の内部または表面上に焦点を置いても効果がある。また焦点距離は器具の大きさに合わせて変更する。矢印は光線を示す。
【0044】
図4(b)は変形の実施の形態であり、光源1の下部に配置し、かつ光源1の径方向の幅寸法を小さくして直射光を確保している。
【0045】
この発明の第4の実施の形態を図5により説明する。第1の実施の形態において、反射鏡4を平面形状にしたもので、光源1の上部に光源1に向いた凸条部4aを有する平面反射鏡を配置し、θ=略85°方向に配光制御する。反射鏡の角度は光源1と反射鏡4がほぼ近接している場合は図(a)に示すように水平からの傾斜角略3°、光源1と反射鏡4の距離が略5mmの場合は図(b)に示すように傾斜角略10°、距離が略15mmの場合は図(c)に示すように傾斜角略15°が望ましい。
【0046】
図(d)の場合は、光源1の下部に鉛直線下向きから略42.5°の傾きをもった山形の平面反射鏡を設置し、光源1の直下方向の光をθ=略85°の略水平方向に配光制御する。
【0047】
この発明の第5の実施の形態を図6により説明する。第1の実施の形態において、反射鏡4は光源1の上部に配置されてあり、光源1の水平方向および光源1の下方向との中間にプリズム7を配置して光源1の光を略水平方向に射出している。この場合、プリズム7のプリズム方向が光源1の長手方向に平行であって略水平方向にプリズム7を配置している。
【0048】
実施の形態の配光制御プリズム7のパネルは、図(a)に一部拡大して示すように光源1の中心に対して水平方向を軸として鉛直方向の角度をαとした場合のプリズム7の鉛直に対する角度をβとするとき、α、βがおよそ表1の値(プリズムの外周が部分円筒面で屈折率が1.49の場合)になるような形状であり、プリズム7を光源1の下部に設置とすることで、光源1の光を略水平方向、すなわちθ=略85°方向に配光制御するものである。
【0049】
【表1】

Figure 0004122881
【0050】
この発明の第6の実施の形態を図7により説明する。第1の実施の形態において、反射鏡4は光源1の上部に配置されてあり、光源1の下方にプリズム8を配置して光源1の光を略水平方向に配光する。プリズム方向は光源1の長手方向に平行となる。
【0051】
実施の形態では図(a)に一部拡大して示すように、光源1の下部に略27°の頂角を持った略二等片三角形状のプリズム8を配置することで、光源1の直下方向の光をθ=略85°方向に配光制御する。
【0052】
図(b)は光源1の径と同じ大きさの底辺のプリズム8を配置するものである。
【0053】
図(c)は光源1の下部に配光制御プリズム8のパネルを設置している。この配光制御プリズムパネルは光源1の直下の範囲には頂角が略27°の二等片三角形状のプリズム8aを設置し、光源1から遠ざかるに従って図(e)のように順次頂角の大きいプリズム8b、8cを配置し、これにより図(d)に示すように光源1から下方への光(矢印)をθ=略85°方向すなわち略水平方向に配光制御する。
【0054】
この発明の第7の実施の形態を図8により説明する。第1の実施の形態において、光源1の下方に光源1の光を略水平方向に配光するルーバ11を有する。図(a)にルーバの一部拡大図を示す。図(b)に示すように、光源1の中心に対して鉛直方向を軸として、水平方向への角度をαとした場合のルーバ11の水平に対する角度をβとしたとき、α、βがおよそ表2の値になるようなルーバ11を光源1の下部に設置することで、θ=略85°方向の略水平方向に配光制御する。
【0055】
【表2】
Figure 0004122881
【0056】
この発明の第8の実施の形態を図9により説明する。この照明装置は、長手方向のある光源1に対して上部に第1の実施の形態で示した反射鏡4の例えば図5(b)に示した平面反射鏡を用いる。光源1の下部に配光制御部材12として図5(d)に示した反射鏡を用い、これにより上部反射鏡と下部反射鏡を組み合わせたものである。各反射鏡の反射方向はいずれも略水平方向すなわち鉛直線の下方から水平方向に略85°の略水平方向である。矢印は光線を示す。この実施の形態によれば、上部反射鏡4のみと比べて器具効率がよくなる。
【0057】
この発明の第9の実施の形態を図10により説明する。この照明装置は、第8の実施の形態において、上部反射鏡4と下部反射鏡(12)との間に例えば第5の実施の形態(図6)に示したプリズム7を配置して略水平方向(θ=85°)の屈折光を得ている。この実施の形態によれば、第8の実施の形態よりもさらに器具効率がよくなる。
【0058】
この発明の第10の実施の形態を図11により説明する。この照明装置は、第9の実施の形態の下部反射鏡に代えて、配光制御部材12として図7に示すようなプリズム8を配置し、略水平方向に配光している。
【0059】
この発明の第11の実施の形態を図12により説明する。この照明装置は、第9の実施の形態の下部反射鏡に代えて、配光制御部材12として図9に示すようなルーバを使用し、略水平方向に配光している。
【0060】
この発明の第12の実施の形態を図13により説明する。この照明装置は、第9の実施の形態において、直射光により直下照度を確保するため、下部反射鏡(12)およびプリズム7を光源1の長手方向の長さより短くしている。
【0061】
なお、光源1より下方の配光制御部材およびプリズムを短くする点は、第8、第10および第11の実施の形態にも適用することができる。
【0062】
この発明の第13の実施の形態を図14により説明する。この照明装置は、光源1の長手方向の両端に側面反射鏡13または側面遮光板14を設けている。図(a)は凹曲面の側面反射鏡13を設け、図(b)は凹曲面の側面遮光板を設け、図(c)は平面の側面反射鏡15を設けている。この実施の形態によれば、光源1の長手方向の光をグレアカットでき、あるいは一部を略水平方向に反射することができるので器具効率に寄与することも可能である。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
請求項1記載の照明装置によれば、光源に向けて凸条部を有する反射鏡を光源に対し上方に配置し複数のプリズムを光源の下方に配置して光を遠くへ飛ばすことにより、従来器具と同程度の大きさ、同程度のW数の光源で効率良くほぼ水平方向に配光制御することができ、これにより目標値を達成し、防犯上安全な照度レベルを満足する防犯灯を提供することができる。
【0064】
請求項2記載の照明装置によれば、光源に向けて凸条部を有する反射鏡を光源に対し上方に配置し複数のルーバを光源の下方に配置して光を遠くへ飛ばすことにより、従来器具と同程度の大きさ、同程度のW数の光源で効率良くほぼ水平方向に配光制御することができ、これにより目標値を達成し、防犯上安全な照度レベルを満足する防犯灯を提供することができる。
【0065】
請求項3記載の照明装置によれば、請求項1または請求項2よりも器具効率が良好になる。
【0066】
請求項4記載の照明装置によれば、請求項と同様な効果がある。
【0067】
請求項5記載の照明装置によれば、請求項2と同様な効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の第1の実施の形態の概略を示す斜視図である。
【図2】照明装置の配光を説明する説明図である。
【図3】第2の実施の形態の概略を示す斜視図である。
【図4】第3の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図5】第4の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図6】第5の実施の形態の概略を示す斜視図である。
【図7】第6の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図8】第7の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図9】第8の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図10】第9の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図11】第10の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図12】第11の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図13】第12の実施の形態の概略を示し、(a)は斜視図、(b)は断面図である。
【図14】第13の実施の形態の概略を示す断面図である。
【図15】鉛直面および水平面の照度を説明する説明図である。
【図16】従来の照明装置の直接光および反射光を示す説明する概略断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 光源
2 凸部
3 側面反射鏡
4 配光制御部材
4a 凸条部
5 中心軸
8 プリズム
11 ルーバ
12 配光制御部材
13 側面反射鏡
14 側面遮光板
15 側面反射鏡[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lighting device applied to a crime prevention lighting apparatus that can realize high illuminance in horizontal plane illuminance and vertical plane illuminance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 15, in the security lighting apparatus, it is desirable to know the behavior / posture of a pedestrian 4 meters ahead as a lighting effect for crime prevention. As an illuminance standard for satisfying this, a horizontal plane average on the road surface 105 is used. It is desirable that the illuminance is 3 (lx) or more, and the minimum illuminance on the vertical plane at a height of 1.5 m is 0.5 (lx) or more.
[0003]
In addition, security lighting fixtures are often attached to the existing utility pole 104 in order to reduce costs. The interval between the utility poles 104 is approximately 40 m, and the vertical illuminance directly below the appliance is not affected by the appliance, and is determined by the luminous intensity of the appliance adjacent to 40 m.
[0004]
If the installation interval is 40m and the installation height is 4.5m, the light intensity affecting the vertical surface illuminance at the 1.5m point directly below the adjacent instrument is light in the horizontal direction of θ = 85 ° from directly below the instrument. Since the illuminance attenuates in inverse proportion to the square of the distance, it is difficult to satisfy the above illuminance standard when installing instruments at intervals of 40 meters.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As shown in FIG. 16A, an illumination device that generally implements a batwing light distribution in a road light or a security light conventionally uses a concave reflecting mirror (cross light distribution) 101 toward the lamp 100. It is. With a light source of W (watt) number that is usually used as a security light, it is difficult to achieve the target value with the direct light L alone. In order to compensate for this, the reflecting mirror 102 is used as shown in FIG. 16B. However, in order to control the light distribution in a substantially horizontal direction, the conventional reflecting mirror shape has only the reflected light La, and the direct light L is used. Can not be. Further, the shape of the conventional reflecting mirror can use only a part of the light beam emitted from the lamp 100, and in particular, the light beam to the upper part of the lamp 100 cannot be used.
[0006]
Further, in order to use both the direct light L and the reflected light La as shown in FIG. 16C, an instrument having a long distance between the lamp 100 and the reflecting mirrors 101 and 102 is required.
[0007]
If a high-output light source is used, the target can be achieved with a conventional reflector, but it is desirable to use a light source with a low W number as much as possible in consideration of energy saving.
[0008]
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to be able to efficiently control light distribution in a substantially horizontal direction with a light source having the same size and the same W number as that of a conventional instrument, and satisfying a safe illuminance level for crime prevention. It is providing the lighting device which can be performed.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Lighting apparatus according to claim 1 is substantially a light source to a substantially horizontal position in the longitudinal direction, the light having the longitudinal ridges parallel to the central axis of the placed on top toward the light source of the light source A reflecting mirror that reflects in the horizontal direction; a plurality of prisms that are disposed below the light source and distributes light of the light source in a substantially horizontal direction ; and the extension of a central axis in a longitudinal direction of the light source, A side reflector that reflects light beams along a vertical plane including a central axis in a substantially horizontal direction, and the plurality of prisms are arranged in parallel in the road traffic direction in the shape of an isosceles triangle having the same base. Among the plurality of prisms, the apex angle of the prism immediately below the light source is small, and the apex angle gradually increases as the distance from the light source increases .
[0010]
According to the illuminating device of claim 1, the reflecting mirror having the ridge portion toward the light source is disposed above the light source , and the plurality of prisms are disposed below the light source to fly the light far away. With a light source of the same size and the same number of watts as the fixture, the light distribution can be controlled efficiently in the horizontal direction. This achieves the target value and provides a security light that satisfies the safe illuminance level for crime prevention. Can be provided.
[0011]
The illumination device according to claim 2 includes a light source having a substantially horizontal posture in a longitudinal direction, and a protruding portion that is disposed above the light source and is parallel to the central axis toward the light source. A reflecting mirror for reflecting, a plurality of louvers arranged below the light source to distribute light of the light source in a substantially horizontal direction, and an extension of the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the light source, Including a side reflecting mirror that reflects the light beam along the vertical plane in a substantially horizontal direction, and the plurality of louvers are arranged in a V shape in the direction of the road and the lowest is directly below the light source. The inclination angle with respect to the horizontal of the plurality of louvers is gradually reduced as the distance from the direction increases .
[0012]
According to the illuminating device of claim 2, the reflector having the ridge portion toward the light source is disposed above the light source, and the plurality of louvers are disposed below the light source to fly light far away. With a light source of the same size and the same number of watts as the fixture, the light distribution can be controlled efficiently in the horizontal direction. This achieves the target value and provides a security light that satisfies the safe illuminance level for crime prevention. Can be provided.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the lighting device according to the first or second aspect, the light from the light source is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction from the light source to a position in an intermediate direction between the substantially horizontal direction and the direction of the light distribution control member. It has a prism that emits light .
[0014]
According to the illuminating device of the third aspect, the appliance efficiency is better than that of the first or second aspect.
[0015]
A lighting device according to a fourth aspect is the lighting device according to the first aspect , wherein the plurality of prisms have a length shorter than a longitudinal direction of the light source .
[0016]
According to the illumination device of the fourth aspect, the same effect as that of the first aspect is obtained.
[0017]
A lighting device according to a fifth aspect is the lighting device according to the second aspect , wherein the plurality of louvers have a length shorter than a longitudinal direction of the light source .
[0018]
According to the illumination device of the fifth aspect, the same effect as the second aspect is obtained.
[0033]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, this illuminating device includes a light source 1 having a longitudinal direction, a side reflecting mirror 3, and a reflecting mirror 4 having a ridge portion 4 a toward the light source 1.
[0034]
The light source 1 has a longitudinal direction. For example, a cylindrical or rod-like lamp such as a straight tube fluorescent lamp, a twin lamp, or a ceramic lamp is used, and the longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal in the drawing.
[0035]
The side reflecting mirror 3 has a convex portion 2 located on the central axis 5 in the longitudinal direction of the light source 1 and is disposed at one end of the light source 1. The overall shape is a butterfly wing shape, and the central bent line is a straight protrusion 2 extending vertically downward, and each wing has a concave curved surface toward the light source 1. The shape of the curved surface is a paraboloid focusing on the center of the light source 1 or a point on the central axis of the light source 1, or a polyhedron combining small paraboloids focusing on each point. By using a curved surface shape for the convex side reflecting mirror 3, the light beam along the vertical plane including the central axis 5 of the light source is reflected in a substantially horizontal direction, that is, the light distribution is controlled in the above-described θ = approximately 85 ° direction.
[0036]
The reflecting mirror 4 distributes light in a substantially horizontal direction, in the above-described θ = approximately 85 ° direction. In the embodiment, the reflecting mirror 4 is positioned above the light source 1, and the protruding portion 4 a is parallel to the central axis 5 and reflected. It arrange | positions so that light may be reflected in a substantially horizontal direction. The shape of the reflecting mirror 4 is such that the center of the flat plate is bent into a substantially square shape along the bending line, the convex surface (mountain fold) side is directed to the light source 1, and the bending line is parallel to the central axis 5 of the light source 1. ing.
[0037]
FIG. 2A illustrates the light distribution by the illumination device N. The light distribution control of the φ = 0 ° cross section increases the luminous intensity value in the substantially horizontal direction, for example, θ = 85 °, and φ = approximately 45 °. The light distribution control of the ~ 90 ° cross section increases the luminous intensity value in the direction of θ = 85 ° around φ = 0 °, and the light distribution control of the φ = 90 ° cross section aims to cut glare light on the sidewalk. To do.
[0038]
FIG. 2B shows a recommended illuminance value by blowing a light flux of 200 cd / 1000 lm or more in the θ = 85 ° direction in the section A direction perpendicular to the central axis 5 of the light source 1 shown in FIG. Indicates that In this case, if the illuminance value of the direct light L is 100 cd / 1000 lm, 100 cd of light Lb other than the direct light is required. As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the light distribution near the cross-section B direction parallel to the central axis 5 of the light source 1 is controlled using the reflecting mirror 3 in the cross-section A direction θ = 85 ° direction.
[0039]
According to the above-described embodiment, by arranging the reflecting mirror 4 having the ridges 4a and flying light far away, the light source having the same size and the same W number as that of the conventional instrument can be efficiently horizontal. Therefore, it is possible to provide a crime prevention light that achieves a target value and satisfies a safe illuminance level.
[0040]
FIG. 1B shows the case where the side reflector is a plane mirror, and FIG. 1C shows the side reflector which is a concave portion bent into a valley when viewed from the light source, and is opposite to FIG. 1B. Reflect on. In this embodiment, the side reflecting mirror 3 may be provided at the opposite end of the light source 1 or may be provided at both of them.
[0041]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. That is, in the first embodiment, the reflecting mirror 4 is disposed below the light source 1, and the ridge 4 a is directed to the light source 1. The width of the reflecting mirror 4 is made smaller than that of the first embodiment so as not to obstruct direct light obliquely downward. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
[0042]
FIG. 3B corresponds to FIG. 1B and shows a case where the side reflecting mirror 3 is a plane. FIG.3 (c) is a case where the side surface reflecting mirror 3 is a plane mirror without a convex part. Also in this case, the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 4 can be reflected in a substantially horizontal direction.
[0043]
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the reflecting mirror 4 forms concave surfaces on both sides of the ridge portion 4a facing the light source 1 on the upper portion of the light source 1, and distributes light in a substantially horizontal direction of θ = approximately 85 °. Control. The focal position is preferably approximately the center of the light source 1, but it is also effective to place the focal point inside or on the surface of the light source 1. The focal length is changed according to the size of the instrument. Arrows indicate light rays.
[0044]
FIG. 4B shows a modified embodiment in which direct light is secured by arranging the light source 1 at a lower portion and reducing the radial width of the light source 1.
[0045]
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the reflecting mirror 4 has a planar shape, and a planar reflecting mirror having a ridge portion 4a facing the light source 1 is arranged on the upper side of the light source 1, and θ = approximately 85 ° direction. Light control. When the light source 1 and the reflecting mirror 4 are substantially close to each other, the angle of the reflecting mirror is about 3 ° from the horizontal as shown in FIG. 5A, and when the distance between the light source 1 and the reflecting mirror 4 is about 5 mm. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the inclination angle is about 10 ° and the distance is about 15 mm, the inclination angle is preferably about 15 ° as shown in FIG.
[0046]
In the case of FIG. (D), a mountain-shaped planar reflector having an inclination of approximately 42.5 ° from the vertical line downward is installed at the lower part of the light source 1, and the light directly below the light source 1 is θ = approximately 85 °. Light distribution is controlled in a substantially horizontal direction.
[0047]
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the reflecting mirror 4 is disposed above the light source 1, and a prism 7 is disposed between the horizontal direction of the light source 1 and the downward direction of the light source 1 so that the light from the light source 1 is substantially horizontal. Injecting in the direction. In this case, the prism 7 is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction with the prism direction of the prism 7 being parallel to the longitudinal direction of the light source 1.
[0048]
The panel of the light distribution control prism 7 according to the embodiment has a prism 7 when the angle in the vertical direction is α with respect to the center of the light source 1 as the axis with respect to the center of the light source 1 as shown in FIG. Where β is the angle with respect to the vertical angle of α, β and β are approximately the values shown in Table 1 (when the outer periphery of the prism is a partial cylindrical surface and the refractive index is 1.49). The light distribution of the light from the light source 1 is controlled in the substantially horizontal direction, that is, θ = approximately 85 °.
[0049]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004122881
[0050]
A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the reflecting mirror 4 is disposed above the light source 1, and a prism 8 is disposed below the light source 1 to distribute light from the light source 1 in a substantially horizontal direction. The prism direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the light source 1.
[0051]
In the embodiment, as shown in a partially enlarged view in FIG. 1A, a prism 8 having an approximately isosceles triangular shape having an apex angle of approximately 27 ° is disposed below the light source 1, thereby Light distribution control is performed for light in the direction immediately below in the direction of θ = approximately 85 °.
[0052]
FIG. 2B is a diagram in which a prism 8 at the bottom having the same size as the diameter of the light source 1 is arranged.
[0053]
In FIG. 3C, a panel of the light distribution control prism 8 is installed below the light source 1. In this light distribution control prism panel, an isosceles triangular prism 8a having an apex angle of approximately 27 ° is provided in a range immediately below the light source 1, and the apex angle is sequentially increased as shown in FIG. Large prisms 8b and 8c are arranged, thereby controlling the light distribution downward (arrow) from the light source 1 in the direction of θ = approximately 85 °, that is, approximately in the horizontal direction, as shown in FIG.
[0054]
A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, a louver 11 that distributes light of the light source 1 in a substantially horizontal direction is provided below the light source 1. A partially enlarged view of the louver is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2B, when the angle with respect to the horizontal direction of the louver 11 is β with respect to the center of the light source 1 and the angle in the horizontal direction is α, α and β are approximately By installing the louver 11 having the values shown in Table 2 below the light source 1, light distribution is controlled in the substantially horizontal direction of θ = approximately 85 °.
[0055]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004122881
[0056]
An eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This illuminating device uses, for example, a planar reflecting mirror shown in FIG. 5B of the reflecting mirror 4 shown in the first embodiment above the light source 1 in the longitudinal direction. The reflection mirror shown in FIG. 5D is used as the light distribution control member 12 below the light source 1, thereby combining the upper reflection mirror and the lower reflection mirror. The reflecting directions of the reflecting mirrors are all substantially horizontal, that is, approximately 85 ° in the horizontal direction from below the vertical line. Arrows indicate light rays. According to this embodiment, the instrument efficiency is improved as compared with the upper reflector 4 alone.
[0057]
A ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the illuminating device, in the eighth embodiment, for example, the prism 7 shown in the fifth embodiment (FIG. 6) is disposed between the upper reflecting mirror 4 and the lower reflecting mirror (12), and the lighting device is substantially horizontal. Refractive light in the direction (θ = 85 °) is obtained. According to this embodiment, the instrument efficiency is further improved than in the eighth embodiment.
[0058]
A tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this illuminating device, instead of the lower reflecting mirror of the ninth embodiment, a prism 8 as shown in FIG. 7 is arranged as a light distribution control member 12 to distribute light in a substantially horizontal direction.
[0059]
An eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This illuminating device uses a louver as shown in FIG. 9 as the light distribution control member 12 in place of the lower reflecting mirror of the ninth embodiment, and distributes light in a substantially horizontal direction.
[0060]
A twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the ninth embodiment, in the ninth embodiment, the lower reflecting mirror (12) and the prism 7 are made shorter than the length in the longitudinal direction of the light source 1 in order to ensure direct illuminance by direct light.
[0061]
The point that the light distribution control member and the prism below the light source 1 are shortened can also be applied to the eighth, tenth and eleventh embodiments.
[0062]
A thirteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This illuminating device is provided with side reflecting mirrors 13 or side light shielding plates 14 at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the light source 1. The figure (a) is provided with a concave curved side reflecting mirror 13, the figure (b) is provided with a concave curved side light shielding plate, and the figure (c) is provided with a planar side reflecting mirror 15. According to this embodiment, the light in the longitudinal direction of the light source 1 can be glare cut, or a part of the light can be reflected in a substantially horizontal direction, which can contribute to the instrument efficiency.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
According to the illuminating device of claim 1, the reflecting mirror having the ridge portion toward the light source is disposed above the light source , and the plurality of prisms are disposed below the light source to fly the light far away. With a light source of the same size and the same number of watts as the fixture, the light distribution can be controlled efficiently in the horizontal direction. This achieves the target value and provides a security light that satisfies the safe illuminance level for crime prevention. Can be provided.
[0064]
According to the illuminating device of claim 2, the reflector having the ridge portion toward the light source is disposed above the light source, and the plurality of louvers are disposed below the light source to fly light far away. With a light source of the same size and the same number of watts as the fixture, the light distribution can be controlled efficiently in the horizontal direction. This achieves the target value and provides a security light that satisfies the safe illuminance level for crime prevention. Can be provided.
[0065]
According to the illuminating device of the third aspect, the appliance efficiency is better than that of the first or second aspect .
[0066]
According to the illumination device of the fourth aspect, the same effect as that of the first aspect is obtained.
[0067]
According to the illumination device of the fifth aspect, the same effect as the second aspect is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating light distribution of the lighting device.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an outline of a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a third embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an outline of a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of a seventh embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of an eighth embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a ninth embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a tenth embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view schematically showing an eleventh embodiment.
FIG. 13 shows an outline of a twelfth embodiment, where (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view schematically showing a thirteenth embodiment.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining illuminance on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane;
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating direct light and reflected light of a conventional lighting device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source 2 Convex part 3 Side surface reflection mirror 4 Light distribution control member 4a Projection part 5 Center axis 8 Prism 11 Louver 12 Light distribution control member 13 Side surface reflection mirror 14 Side surface light shielding plate 15 Side surface reflection mirror

Claims (5)

長手方向を略水平姿勢とする光源と、前記光源の上部に配置され前記光源に向けて前記長手方向の中心軸に平行な凸条部を有し光を略水平方向に反射する反射鏡と、前記光源の下方に配置されて前記光源の光を略水平方向に配光する複数のプリズムと、前記光源の長手方向の中心軸の延長上に配置されて前記中心軸を含む垂直面に沿う光束を略水平方向に反射する側面反射鏡とを備え、前記複数のプリズムは底辺が同じ長さの二等辺三角形状で道路の通行方向に並設されており、前記複数のプリズムのうち前記光源の直下の前記プリズムの頂角が小さく光源から離れるに従って順次頂角が大きくなっている照明装置。 A light source having a substantially horizontal orientation in the longitudinal direction, and a reflecting mirror that is disposed above the light source and has a ridge parallel to the central axis of the longitudinal direction toward the light source and reflects light in a substantially horizontal direction ; A plurality of prisms arranged below the light source and distributing light from the light source in a substantially horizontal direction, and a light beam extending along a longitudinal axis of the light source along a vertical plane including the central axis And the plurality of prisms are isosceles triangles whose bases are the same length and are arranged in parallel in the direction of road travel, and of the plurality of prisms, the light source of the light source An illumination device in which the apex angle of the prism immediately below is small, and the apex angle gradually increases as the distance from the light source increases . 長手方向を略水平姿勢とする光源と、前記光源の上部に配置され前記光源に向けて前記中心軸に平行な凸条部を有し光を略水平方向に反射する反射鏡と、前記光源の下方に配置されて前記光源の光を略水平方向に配光する複数のルーバと、前記光源の長手方向の中心軸の延長上に配置されて前記中心軸を含む垂直面に沿う光束を略水平方向に反射する側面反射鏡とを備え、前記複数のルーバが道路の通行方向にV字形に並びその最下位を前記光源の直下とし、前記光源の直下から通行方向に離れるに従って前記複数のルーバの水平に対する傾斜角度を次第に小さくした照明装置。 A light source having a substantially horizontal posture in the longitudinal direction, a reflecting mirror disposed on the light source and having a ridge parallel to the central axis toward the light source, and reflecting light in a substantially horizontal direction; A plurality of louvers disposed below and distributing light from the light source in a substantially horizontal direction, and a light beam along a vertical plane including the center axis disposed on an extension of the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the light source. A plurality of louvers are arranged in a V shape in the direction of traffic on the road, and the lowest is directly below the light source, and as the distance from the light source directly below the light source increases, the plurality of louvers An illuminating device in which the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal is gradually reduced . 前記光源から前記略水平方向と前記配光制御部材の方向との中間方向の位置に前記光源の光を略水平方向に配光するプリズムを有する請求項1または請求項2記載の照明装置。The lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising a prism that distributes light of the light source in a substantially horizontal direction from the light source at a position intermediate between the substantially horizontal direction and the direction of the light distribution control member . 前記複数のプリズムを前記光源の長手方向よりも短い長さとした請求項1記載の照明装置。 The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of prisms have a length shorter than a longitudinal direction of the light source . 前記複数のルーバを光源の長手方向よりも短い長さとした請求項2記載の照明装置。The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of louvers have a length shorter than a longitudinal direction of the light source .
JP2002217546A 2002-07-26 2002-07-26 Lighting device Expired - Fee Related JP4122881B2 (en)

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JP4768038B2 (en) 2009-02-13 2011-09-07 シャープ株式会社 LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING DEVICE USING THE LIGHTING DEVICE
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