JP4118062B2 - Intraocular implant device - Google Patents

Intraocular implant device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4118062B2
JP4118062B2 JP2002031421A JP2002031421A JP4118062B2 JP 4118062 B2 JP4118062 B2 JP 4118062B2 JP 2002031421 A JP2002031421 A JP 2002031421A JP 2002031421 A JP2002031421 A JP 2002031421A JP 4118062 B2 JP4118062 B2 JP 4118062B2
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Prior art keywords
electrode
intraocular implant
signal
eye
implant device
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JP2002031421A
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JP2003230581A (en
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透 八木
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Nidek Co Ltd
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Nidek Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は視覚再生のため、眼内に設置される眼内埋埴装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
近年、失明治療技術の一つとして、電極等を有する眼内埋埴装置を眼内に設置し、網膜を構成する細胞を電気刺激して視覚の再生を試みる人工視覚システムの研究がされている。このような人工視覚システムには体外にて撮像された映像を光信号や磁気信号に変換した後、眼内に設置された眼内埋埴装置に送信して細胞を刺激する方法(以下、体外撮像型と記す)や、網膜にフォトダイオードアレイ等からなる眼内埋埴装置を設置し、画像をフォトダイオードアレイに受像(受光)させて細胞を電気刺激する方法(以下、体内撮像型と記す)等が考えられている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような体外撮像型、体内撮像型等の人工視覚システムにおいては、網膜神経節細胞や網膜双極細胞等の網膜を構成する細胞をできるだけ効率よく電気刺激することが必要である。
【0004】
本発明は上記の事情を鑑みてなされたものであり、網膜を構成する細胞を効率よく電気刺激することのできる眼内埋埴装置を提供することを技術課題とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下のような構成を備えることを特徴とする。
(1) 患者眼の眼内に置かれる眼内埋埴装置であって、体外装置から供給される電力及び網膜を構成する細胞を電気刺激させるための刺激用信号を受信する受信手段と、該受信手段にて受信した前記刺激用信号を所定の電気信号に変換する信号変換手段と、該信号変換手段にて変換された前記電気信号を出力して網膜を構成する細胞を電気刺激する電極と、不関電極と、を備える眼内埋埴装置において、
透光性を有する材料からなり一端に前記受信手段,信号変換手段,及び不関電極が取り付けられ他端に前記電極が取り付けられる基板であって,前記一端を眼の水晶体嚢に置いた状態で前記電極が位置する前記他端が眼の網膜に沿って黄斑部周辺に位置するだけの長さを持つ長板状の基板を有し、前記受信手段は電磁誘導により体外装置から前記電力を受け取るための2次コイルと体外装置から前記刺激用信号として送信される光信号を受光する受光素子を有し、前記2次コイルは前記水晶体嚢に位置する基板の前記一端の角膜側表面に取り付けられ前記受光素子及び前記信号変換手段は前記一端の眼底側表面に取り付けられ,前記受光素子は前記基板を透過した前記光信号を受光する構成とされていることを特徴とする。
(2) (1)の眼内埋埴装置において、水晶体嚢に位置する前記基板の一端には前記受信手段及び信号変換手段を水晶体嚢内にて位置固定させるための固定保持手段を持つことを特徴とする。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を図面を用いて説明する。図1は本実施の形態で使用する眼内埋埴装置を使用した体外撮像型の人工視覚システムの概略を示したブロック図である。
【0007】
1は人工視覚システムであり、大別して体外に置かれる体外装置10と眼内に置かれる体内装置(眼内埋埴装置)20とに分けられる。体外装置10はバイザー11は使用者(失明者)が眼鏡のように装着して使用されるものである。バイザー11にはカメラ12が設けられており、使用者の正面方向の画像を撮像できる位置に取り付けられている。13はバイザー11に接続されるコンピュータであり、カメラ12によって撮像された画像を画像処理し、量子化した後、細胞を刺激するための刺激信号を生成して変調する。
【0008】
14は発光素子であり、本実施の形態では近赤外光を発するLEDを使用している。コンピュータ13にて変調された信号はバイザー11に送られ、LED14から光信号が眼内埋埴装置20へ送信されるようになっている。15はバイザー11及びコンピュータ13を可動させるための電源、16はバイザー11に設けられている1次コイルである。1次コイル16は眼内埋埴装置20に電力を供給するために使用される。
【0009】
一方、眼内埋埴装置20はLED14からの光信号を受信するための受信部21、受信部21にて受信された光信号を電気信号に変換処置する信号処理回路とデマルチプレクサを備えた信号処理部22、信号処理部22に接続され網膜を構成する細胞(本実施の形態では網膜神経節細胞又は網膜双極細胞)を電気刺激するための電極23、不関電極50、電力を受給するための2次コイル24、これらの部品を一体的に取りつけるための基板25(図2参照)からなる。2次コイル24は前述した1次コイル16との電磁誘導によって眼内埋埴装置20への電力供給を行うようになっている。
【0010】
図2は眼内埋埴装置20の詳細な構成を示す図である。本実施形態で用いる眼内埋埴装置20は網膜下に電極を配置する構成としている。
図2(a)は眼内埋埴装置20を上面から見た図であり、図2(b)は図2(a)に示す眼内埋埴装置20のA−A断面図である。
【0011】
基板25は透光性を有する生体適合性の良い材料を使用しており、本実施の形態ではポリイミドを用いている。基板25は円板部分25aと長板部分25bとからなる。円板部分25aには受光素子からなる受信部21と、LSIからなる信号処理部22及び2次コイル24とが設けられている。受信部21と信号処理部22とは同じ外形であり、基板25の表面側(紙面表側)に設けられている。本実施の形態では受信部21と信号処理部22とが別々に設けられたものを使用しているが、これに限るものではなく、受信部21と信号処理部22とを一体的に形成したものを使用しても良い。また、2次コイル24は基板25の裏面側(紙面裏側)に設けられており、信号処理部22に電線28にて接続されている。
【0012】
長板部分25bの先端には電極23が36個(6×6個)形成され、多点電極を形成している。電極23の各々には電線26が接続されており、電線26は長板部分25b上を円板部分25aまで延びて信号処理部22に接続されている。本実施形態における長板部分25bは、円板部分25aを水晶体嚢内に置いたとき、先端に位置する電極23が眼の網膜に沿って黄斑部周辺に位置するだけの長さを有している。したがって受信部21及び信号処理部22が置かれる位置から電極23までの長さは20mm〜40mm程度が好ましく、さらに好ましくは25mm〜35mm程度である。
【0013】
また、長板部分25bの厚みは20μm〜120μm程度が好ましい。厚みが20μmより薄い場合、ある程度の硬度を保つことができず、電極23を所定位置まで送り出すことが難しい。また、厚みが100μmより厚い場合、長板部分25bが硬すぎてしまい、電極23を網膜下に置く際に網膜等を傷つけてしまう可能性がある。
【0014】
27は円板部分25aを前眼部にて固定保持させるための支持部である。支持部27は従来の眼内レンズに設けられている支持部と同様に、可撓性を有するループ状の形状を有し、円板部分25aから延びるように一対取り付けられている。本実施の形態では基板25と支持部27とを別々に作っておき、後から接合するようにしているが、基板25とともに支持部27が一体的に成形されていてもよい。基板25と支持部27とが一体的に成形されることによって接合部分がなくなり、強度が増す。
【0015】
また、支持部27を基板25と一体的に成形する場合には、支持部27がある程度の硬度、弾性力が得られるように円板部分25aの厚みを決定する必要がある。また、支持部27と基板25とを別々に設けておき、その後接合させ一体化する場合においても、支持部27が基板25(円板部分25a)に接合できるだけの厚みを有することが必要である。このように円板部分25aと長板部分25bとで厚みが異なる場合には、円板部分25aとなる箇所のみ基板材料となる樹脂フィルムを複数枚張合わせて厚みを持たせたり、厚みのあるフィルム(例えば150μm〜300μm等)を1枚基板として用い、長板部分25bとなる箇所を薄く削って所定の厚みにするようにしても良い。
【0016】
また、不関電極50は信号処理部22に接続された状態で円板部分25上に形成されている。本実施の形態では基板25の円板部分25上に不関電極50を設けるものとしているが、これに限るものではなく、電極23を網膜下に置いたとき、網膜を挟んで対向するような位置に形成されていればよい。ここで言う対向とは必ずしも電極23と不関電極50とが向き合う形に限らず、網膜下に置かれた電極23に対して網膜を挟んでより前眼部側(前側)に位置していればよい。
【0017】
また、不関電極50の形成面積は電極23−不関電極50間にて効率よく電気の流れを形成させるために、できるだけ大きい方が好ましい。電極23の形成面積より不関電極50の形成面積が十分大きいものであれば良い。また、不関電極50は電極23が網膜を構成する細胞にプラスの電気刺激を行う場合には−極となり、マイナスの電気刺激を行う場合には+極として機能する。
【0018】
また、電極23の周辺と不関電極50の周辺を除いた装置20全域には図示なき生体適合性の良い材料にて被覆されており、受信部21、信号処理部22、2次コイル24及びそれらの接合部等に体液等が浸潤しないようになっている。
【0019】
次に、以上のような構成を備える眼内埋埴装置の製作方法について説明する。1枚の透光性を有するポリイミドフィルム(厚さ20μm〜120μm程度 透明であることが好ましい)上の長板部分25bとなる箇所に、白金からなる電極23、及び電線26を形成させる。電極23及び電線26は真空蒸着法やスパッタ法等の既存の薄膜作成方法により行う。また、円板部分25aとなる箇所には不関電極50を形成させておく。
【0020】
次に、形成した電極23、不関電極50及び電線26上に絶縁層を形成するために、ポリイミドをスピンコート法等により塗布する。絶縁層の形成後、エキシマレーザ等を用いて円板部分25aと長板部分25bとを一体的に切り出す。また、同時に円板部分25aに一対の支持部27が形成されるように切り出しを行う。支持部27の長さは円板部分25aを水晶体嚢内に設置した際に、支持部27が毛様体溝に届くだけの長さとなっている。フィルムの切断はエキシマレーザ等のUVレーザを使用することにより、滑らかに切断することができるため、眼内埋埴装置を眼内に挿入する際に生体を傷つけることが抑制される。
【0021】
支持部27が一体的に形成された基板25の切り出し後、2次コイル24と受信部21、信号処理部22とを接続するために円板部分25aに貫通孔をあけ、そこに電線28を通しておく。また、電極23、不関電極50及び電線の末端部分に対して薬品処理を行い、絶縁層を溶解させ電極23及び不関電極50を露出させるエッチング処理を施しておく。
エッチング処理後、さらに円板部分25aとなる箇所(電極等を形成した反対側)には予め円板部分25aと同形状に切り出したポリイミドフィルムを接着剤等により張り合せ、円板部分25aに所定の厚みを持たせておく。
【0022】
次に、受信部21と信号処理部22とを接続した後、受信部21を円板部分25a上に接着剤等にて接着し、電線26と信号処理部22とをワイヤーボンド接続あるいはフリップチップ接合にて電気的に接続する。また、同様に不関電極50及び電線28も信号処理部22に接続しておく。一方、受信部21等が設置された円板部分25aの面と反対側の面(裏面)には2次コイル24を接着剤によって取り付けておく。2次コイル24もまた信号処理部22と同様に電線28を接続しておく。
【0023】
基板25上に各電子部品を取り付けたら、電極23及び不関電極50の周辺を残してその他の基板全体を生体適合性材料(例えばポリイミド、テフロン、シリコン等)によって被覆する。生体適合性材料による被覆は刷毛塗り、浸漬等の既知の樹脂封入法によって行う。このような工程を経ることにより、眼内埋埴装置20を完成させる。
【0024】
次に眼内に眼内埋埴装置20を挿入し設置させる動作を図3を用いて説明する。
初めに患者眼の水晶体を既知の白内障手術装置等によって乳化吸引し、取り除いておく。次に、患者眼の角膜耳側輪部から所定距離(例えば1.5mm程度)離れた部位の強膜を7〜8mm程度切開することにより、挿入口を作成し、ここから眼内埋埴装置20を眼内に挿入する。また、網膜を2mm程度切開し、そこから長板部分25bを差し込み、網膜と脈絡膜との間を這わせて黄斑部周辺の網膜側に電極23を位置させる。
【0025】
一方、円板部分25a側は図3に示すように水晶体が取り除かれた嚢内に受信部21、信号処理部22を入れ、支持部27を毛様体溝に当接させて円板部分25aを固定保持させる。このように受信部21、信号処理部22を嚢内に置き、支持部27を使用することで、円板部分25aに取り付けられた受信部21、信号処理部22、2次コイル24を眼内レンズのように固定保持することが可能となる。また、このとき不関電極50は水晶体嚢内に置かれるため、電極23と不関電極50との間に網膜が位置することとなる。電気の流れは電極23と不関電極50との間にて生じるため、電極23及び不関電極50との間に位置する網膜(網膜を構成する細胞)を効率よく刺激することができる。本実施の形態では水晶体嚢内に不関電極50を置くものとしているが、これに限るものではない。例えば、不関電極50を信号処理部22から延ばして硝子体内に位置させておくこともできる。このように網膜下に電極23を置いたときに、網膜を挟んだ眼内の所定位置に不関電極50が置かれていればよい。
【0026】
本実施の形態では支持部27の形状をループ状としているが、これに限るものではなく、受信部21、2次コイル24等の眼内埋埴装置を構成する部品を水晶体嚢や後房等の前眼部周辺で固定保持できるような形状であれば良い。また、支持部を当接させる箇所も毛様体溝に限るものではなく、眼内レンズのように嚢内に支持部を当接させることにより、受信部21、信号処理部22、2次コイル24等を前眼部に固定保持させることもできる。
【0027】
また、本実施の形態では支持部を用いて受信部21、信号処理部22、2次コイル24等を前眼部に固定保持させるものとしているが、これに限るものではない。例えば虹彩に円板部分25aを固定させることにより、眼内埋埴装置を構成する部品を前眼部周辺で固定保持させることもできる。図4は円板部分25aを前眼部に固定させる変容例を示した図である。ここで図2と同符号を付してあるものは同機能を有するため、説明は省略する。
【0028】
図4(a)において、30は虹彩を挟み込むためのクリップ部である。円板部分の径は、図1に示す円板部分25aの径よりも大きくなっており、眼内埋埴装置を構成する部品を水晶体嚢内に置いたときに、その円周部分が虹彩の動的障害の影響がない場所に位置するようになっている。クリップ部30はこの円板部分25aの円周部分に形成されており、眼内埋埴装置を構成する部品を水晶体嚢内に置いた状態で、虹彩の裏側から挟持するようになっている。
【0029】
また、図4(b)において、40は虹彩に円板部分25aを縫合(縫着)させるための開口部である。開口部40の形成位置もクリップ部30の形成位置と同じように、眼内埋埴装置を構成する部品を水晶体嚢内に置いたときに、その円周部分が虹彩の動的障害の影響がない場所に形成されている。開口部40は眼内埋埴装置を構成する部品を水晶体嚢内に置いた状態で、開口部40に縫合糸を通し、虹彩と円板部分25aとを縫合することにより、円板部分25aを前眼部にて固定保持させることができる。また、開口部40は虹彩ではなく毛様体周辺に縫合するようにしてもよい。その場合には、円板部分25aの外周部分が毛様体溝に届くだけの径を有するとともに、形成される開口部40の位置を毛様体周辺での縫合に合わせた形成位置にしておく必要がある。
【0030】
さらに、本実施の形態では、体外装置からの光信号を体内装置(眼内埋埴装置)にて受信するものとしているが、光信号ではなく間接的に眼内に情報を送ることのできる手段であればよい。例えば電波等を使用することができる。
【0031】
さらにまた、以上の実施の形態では体外装置と体内装置と備える体外撮像型の人工視覚システムを用いたが、これに限るものではなく、フォトダイオード等の受光手段を用いて眼前の画像(画像情報)を受信し、電極より電気刺激を発生させる体内撮像型の人工視覚システムに用いることも可能である。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明では網膜に対して効率よく電気刺激を行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】人工視覚システムの概略を示したブロック図である。
【図2】眼内埋埴装置の構成を示す図である。
【図3】眼内埋埴装置を眼内に置いた状態を示す図である。
【図4】固定手段の変容例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 人工視覚システム
10 体外装置
20 眼内埋埴装置
21 受信部
22 信号処理部
23 電極
24 2次コイル
25 基板
50 不関電極
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an intraocular implant device installed in the eye for visual reproduction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as one of the treatment techniques for blindness, research has been conducted on an artificial visual system in which an intraocular implant device having electrodes or the like is installed in the eye, and the cells constituting the retina are electrically stimulated to attempt visual reproduction. . In such an artificial vision system, a method of stimulating cells by converting an image captured outside the body into an optical signal or a magnetic signal and transmitting it to an intraocular implant device installed in the eye (hereinafter referred to as an extracorporeal body). An imaging type), or a method in which an intraocular implantation device comprising a photodiode array or the like is installed in the retina, and an image is received (received) by the photodiode array to electrically stimulate cells (hereinafter referred to as in-vivo imaging type). ) Etc. are considered.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such an extracorporeal imaging type, in-vivo imaging type and other artificial visual systems, it is necessary to electrically stimulate cells constituting the retina such as retinal ganglion cells and retinal bipolar cells as efficiently as possible.
[0004]
This invention is made | formed in view of said situation, and makes it a technical subject to provide the intraocular implantation apparatus which can electrically stimulate the cell which comprises a retina efficiently.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.
(1) An intraocular implant device placed in the eye of a patient's eye, the receiving means for receiving power supplied from an extracorporeal device and a stimulation signal for electrically stimulating cells constituting the retina ; A signal converting means for converting the stimulation signal received by the receiving means into a predetermined electrical signal; and an electrode for electrically stimulating the cells constituting the retina by outputting the electrical signal converted by the signal converting means . In an intraocular implant device comprising an indifferent electrode ,
A substrate made of a light-transmitting material and having the receiving means, the signal converting means, and the indifferent electrode attached to one end and the electrode attached to the other end, with the one end placed on the lens capsule of the eye The other end on which the electrode is located has a long plate-like substrate that is long enough to be positioned around the macula along the retina of the eye, and the receiving means receives the power from the extracorporeal device by electromagnetic induction. And a light receiving element that receives an optical signal transmitted as the stimulation signal from an extracorporeal device, and the secondary coil is attached to the corneal side surface of the one end of the substrate located in the crystalline lens capsule The light receiving element and the signal converting means are attached to the fundus side surface of the one end, and the light receiving element is configured to receive the optical signal transmitted through the substrate .
(2) In the intraocular implant device according to (1), one end of the substrate located in the lens capsule has a fixing holding means for fixing the receiving means and the signal conversion means in the lens capsule. And
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of an extracorporeal imaging type artificial vision system using the intraocular implant device used in the present embodiment.
[0007]
Reference numeral 1 denotes an artificial vision system, which is roughly divided into an extracorporeal device 10 placed outside the body and an intracorporeal device (intraocular implant device) 20 placed in the eye. The extracorporeal device 10 is used by a user (blind person) wearing a visor 11 like glasses. The visor 11 is provided with a camera 12 and is attached to a position where an image in the front direction of the user can be taken. Reference numeral 13 denotes a computer connected to the visor 11, which performs image processing and quantization on an image captured by the camera 12, and then generates and modulates a stimulation signal for stimulating cells.
[0008]
Reference numeral 14 denotes a light emitting element, and an LED emitting near infrared light is used in the present embodiment. A signal modulated by the computer 13 is sent to the visor 11, and an optical signal is transmitted from the LED 14 to the intraocular implant device 20. Reference numeral 15 denotes a power source for moving the visor 11 and the computer 13, and 16 denotes a primary coil provided in the visor 11. The primary coil 16 is used to supply power to the intraocular implant device 20.
[0009]
On the other hand, the intraocular implant device 20 includes a receiving unit 21 for receiving an optical signal from the LED 14, a signal processing circuit that converts the optical signal received by the receiving unit 21 into an electrical signal, and a signal that includes a demultiplexer. In order to receive the electric power 23, the indifferent electrode 50 for electrically stimulating the cells constituting the retina (in this embodiment, retinal ganglion cells or retinal bipolar cells) connected to the processing unit 22 and the signal processing unit 22 Secondary coil 24 and a substrate 25 (see FIG. 2) for integrally mounting these components. The secondary coil 24 supplies power to the intraocular implant device 20 by electromagnetic induction with the primary coil 16 described above.
[0010]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of the intraocular implant device 20. The intraocular implant device 20 used in the present embodiment has a configuration in which electrodes are arranged under the retina.
2A is a view of the intraocular implant device 20 as viewed from above, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the intraocular implant device 20 shown in FIG.
[0011]
The substrate 25 uses a material having translucency and good biocompatibility, and polyimide is used in this embodiment. The substrate 25 includes a disc portion 25a and a long plate portion 25b. The disc portion 25a is provided with a receiving portion 21 made of a light receiving element, a signal processing portion 22 made of LSI, and a secondary coil 24. The receiving unit 21 and the signal processing unit 22 have the same outer shape and are provided on the front surface side (the front side of the paper surface) of the substrate 25. In the present embodiment, the receiving unit 21 and the signal processing unit 22 are provided separately. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the receiving unit 21 and the signal processing unit 22 are integrally formed. You may use things. The secondary coil 24 is provided on the back side (the back side of the paper) of the substrate 25 and is connected to the signal processing unit 22 by an electric wire 28.
[0012]
36 (6 × 6) electrodes 23 are formed at the tip of the long plate portion 25b to form a multipoint electrode. An electric wire 26 is connected to each of the electrodes 23, and the electric wire 26 extends on the long plate portion 25 b to the disc portion 25 a and is connected to the signal processing unit 22. The long plate portion 25b in the present embodiment has such a length that the electrode 23 located at the tip is positioned around the macular portion along the retina of the eye when the disc portion 25a is placed in the lens capsule. . Accordingly, the length from the position where the receiving unit 21 and the signal processing unit 22 are placed to the electrode 23 is preferably about 20 mm to 40 mm, and more preferably about 25 mm to 35 mm.
[0013]
The thickness of the long plate portion 25b is preferably about 20 μm to 120 μm. When the thickness is less than 20 μm, a certain degree of hardness cannot be maintained, and it is difficult to feed the electrode 23 to a predetermined position. When the thickness is greater than 100 μm, the long plate portion 25b is too hard, and there is a possibility that the retina or the like may be damaged when the electrode 23 is placed under the retina.
[0014]
Reference numeral 27 denotes a support portion for fixing and holding the disc portion 25a at the anterior eye portion. Similar to the support portion provided in the conventional intraocular lens, the support portions 27 have a flexible loop shape and are attached in pairs so as to extend from the disc portion 25a. In the present embodiment, the substrate 25 and the support portion 27 are separately made and joined later, but the support portion 27 may be integrally formed with the substrate 25. By integrally molding the substrate 25 and the support portion 27, there is no joint portion, and the strength is increased.
[0015]
Further, when the support portion 27 is formed integrally with the substrate 25, it is necessary to determine the thickness of the disk portion 25a so that the support portion 27 can obtain a certain degree of hardness and elasticity. Further, even when the support portion 27 and the substrate 25 are separately provided and then joined and integrated, it is necessary that the support portion 27 has a thickness that can be joined to the substrate 25 (disc portion 25a). . In this way, when the disc portion 25a and the long plate portion 25b have different thicknesses, a plurality of resin films, which are substrate materials, are laminated only at the location to be the disc portion 25a, or the thickness is increased. A film (for example, 150 μm to 300 μm or the like) may be used as a single substrate, and a portion to be the long plate portion 25b may be thinly cut to a predetermined thickness.
[0016]
The indifferent electrode 50 is formed on the disc portion 25 in a state of being connected to the signal processing unit 22. In the present embodiment, the indifferent electrode 50 is provided on the disc portion 25 of the substrate 25. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the electrode 23 is placed under the retina, it faces the retina. What is necessary is just to be formed in the position. The term “opposite” as used herein is not necessarily limited to the shape in which the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50 face each other, and may be positioned closer to the anterior eye part (anterior side) than the electrode 23 placed under the retina with the retina interposed therebetween. That's fine.
[0017]
In addition, the formation area of the indifferent electrode 50 is preferably as large as possible in order to efficiently form an electric flow between the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50. It suffices if the formation area of the indifferent electrode 50 is sufficiently larger than the formation area of the electrode 23. The indifferent electrode 50 functions as a negative electrode when the electrode 23 performs positive electrical stimulation on the cells constituting the retina, and functions as a positive electrode when negative electrical stimulation is performed.
[0018]
The entire device 20 except for the periphery of the electrode 23 and the periphery of the indifferent electrode 50 is covered with a material having good biocompatibility (not shown), and includes a receiving unit 21, a signal processing unit 22, a secondary coil 24, and the like. Body fluids and the like are prevented from infiltrating those joints.
[0019]
Next, a method for manufacturing an intraocular implant device having the above configuration will be described. An electrode 23 made of platinum and an electric wire 26 are formed at a location to be a long plate portion 25b on a single transparent polyimide film (thickness is preferably about 20 μm to 120 μm). The electrode 23 and the electric wire 26 are formed by an existing thin film forming method such as a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method. Further, an indifferent electrode 50 is formed at a location to be the disc portion 25a.
[0020]
Next, in order to form an insulating layer on the formed electrode 23, the indifferent electrode 50, and the electric wire 26, polyimide is applied by a spin coat method or the like. After the insulating layer is formed, the disc portion 25a and the long plate portion 25b are cut out integrally using an excimer laser or the like. At the same time, cutting is performed so that the pair of support portions 27 are formed in the disc portion 25a. The length of the support 27 is such that the support 27 reaches the ciliary groove when the disc portion 25a is placed in the crystalline lens capsule. Since the film can be cut smoothly by using a UV laser such as an excimer laser, the living body is prevented from being damaged when the intraocular implant device is inserted into the eye.
[0021]
After cutting out the substrate 25 on which the support portion 27 is integrally formed, a through hole is made in the disc portion 25a in order to connect the secondary coil 24, the receiving portion 21, and the signal processing portion 22, and the electric wire 28 is passed therethrough. deep. Further, chemical treatment is performed on the electrode 23, the indifferent electrode 50, and the terminal portion of the electric wire, and an etching process is performed to dissolve the insulating layer and expose the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50.
After the etching process, a polyimide film previously cut out in the same shape as the disk portion 25a is pasted to the portion (the opposite side where the electrode or the like is formed) to become the disk portion 25a with an adhesive or the like. Keep the thickness of.
[0022]
Next, after the receiving unit 21 and the signal processing unit 22 are connected, the receiving unit 21 is bonded to the disk portion 25a with an adhesive or the like, and the electric wire 26 and the signal processing unit 22 are connected by wire bonding or flip chip. Electrical connection at the junction. Similarly, the indifferent electrode 50 and the electric wire 28 are also connected to the signal processing unit 22. On the other hand, the secondary coil 24 is attached to the surface (back surface) opposite to the surface of the disc portion 25a where the receiving unit 21 and the like are installed with an adhesive. Similarly to the signal processing unit 22, the secondary coil 24 is connected to the electric wire 28.
[0023]
After each electronic component is mounted on the substrate 25, the entire other substrate is covered with a biocompatible material (for example, polyimide, Teflon, silicon, etc.), leaving the periphery of the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50. Coating with a biocompatible material is performed by a known resin encapsulation method such as brushing or dipping. Through such a process, the intraocular implant device 20 is completed.
[0024]
Next, the operation of inserting and installing the intraocular implant device 20 in the eye will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the crystalline lens of the patient's eye is emulsified and sucked away with a known cataract surgery device or the like. Next, an incision is made by incising the sclera at a site away from the corneal ear side ring of the patient's eye by a predetermined distance (for example, about 1.5 mm) by about 7 to 8 mm. 20 is inserted into the eye. Further, the retina is cut about 2 mm, the long plate portion 25b is inserted therefrom, and the electrode 23 is positioned on the retinal side around the macula by interposing between the retina and the choroid.
[0025]
On the other hand, on the disc portion 25a side, as shown in FIG. 3, the receiving portion 21 and the signal processing portion 22 are placed in the sac from which the crystalline lens has been removed, and the support portion 27 is brought into contact with the ciliary groove so as to place the disc portion 25a. Hold it fixed. Thus, by placing the receiving unit 21 and the signal processing unit 22 in the sac and using the support unit 27, the receiving unit 21, the signal processing unit 22, and the secondary coil 24 attached to the disc portion 25 a are connected to the intraocular lens It becomes possible to fix and hold like. At this time, since the indifferent electrode 50 is placed in the lens capsule, the retina is positioned between the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50. Since an electric flow is generated between the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50, the retina (cells constituting the retina) located between the electrode 23 and the indifferent electrode 50 can be efficiently stimulated. In this embodiment, the indifferent electrode 50 is placed in the lens capsule. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the indifferent electrode 50 can be extended from the signal processing unit 22 and positioned in the vitreous body. In this way, when the electrode 23 is placed under the retina, the indifferent electrode 50 may be placed at a predetermined position in the eye across the retina.
[0026]
In the present embodiment, the shape of the support portion 27 is a loop shape, but the shape is not limited to this, and the parts constituting the intraocular implantation device such as the reception portion 21 and the secondary coil 24 are the lens capsule, the posterior chamber, and the like. Any shape that can be fixedly held around the anterior segment of the anterior eye may be used. Further, the place where the support part is brought into contact is not limited to the ciliary groove, and the support part is brought into contact with the inside of the sac like an intraocular lens, whereby the receiving unit 21, the signal processing unit 22, and the secondary coil 24 are contacted. Etc. can also be fixedly held in the anterior segment.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, the receiving unit 21, the signal processing unit 22, the secondary coil 24, and the like are fixedly held on the anterior eye part using the support unit, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, by fixing the disc portion 25a to the iris, the components constituting the intraocular implant device can be fixed and held around the anterior segment. FIG. 4 is a view showing a modification example in which the disc portion 25a is fixed to the anterior segment. Here, the components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
[0028]
In FIG. 4A, reference numeral 30 denotes a clip portion for sandwiching the iris. The diameter of the disc part is larger than the diameter of the disc part 25a shown in FIG. 1, and when the parts constituting the intraocular implant device are placed in the lens capsule, the circumference part is the movement of the iris. It is designed to be located in a place where there is no influence of mechanical obstacles. The clip part 30 is formed in the circumference part of this disc part 25a, and is clamped from the back side of the iris in a state where the parts constituting the intraocular implant device are placed in the lens capsule.
[0029]
In FIG. 4B, reference numeral 40 denotes an opening for sewing (sewing) the disc portion 25a to the iris. Similarly to the position where the clip portion 30 is formed, the position where the opening 40 is formed is such that when the parts constituting the intraocular implant device are placed in the lens capsule, the circumferential portion thereof is not affected by the dynamic disturbance of the iris. Formed in place. With the opening 40 placed in the capsular bag with the components constituting the intraocular implant device, a suture thread is passed through the opening 40 and the iris and the disc portion 25a are sutured to bring the disc portion 25a forward. It can be fixed and held at the eye. The opening 40 may be sewn around the ciliary body instead of the iris. In that case, the outer peripheral portion of the disc portion 25a has a diameter that can reach the ciliary groove, and the position of the opening 40 to be formed is set to a formation position that matches the stitching around the ciliary body. There is a need.
[0030]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the optical signal from the extracorporeal device is received by the intracorporeal device (intraocular implantation device), but means capable of indirectly sending information into the eye instead of the optical signal If it is. For example, radio waves can be used.
[0031]
Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an extracorporeal imaging type artificial vision system provided with an extracorporeal device and an intracorporeal device is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an image in front of the eye (image information) is received using a light receiving means such as a photodiode. Can be used for an in-vivo imaging type artificial vision system that receives electrical stimulation from an electrode.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, electrical stimulation can be efficiently performed on the retina.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of an artificial vision system.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an intraocular implant device.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the intraocular implant device is placed in the eye.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a modification example of fixing means.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Artificial Vision System 10 Extracorporeal Device 20 Intraocular Implanting Device 21 Receiving Unit 22 Signal Processing Unit 23 Electrode 24 Secondary Coil 25 Substrate 50 Indifferent Electrode

Claims (2)

患者眼の眼内に置かれる眼内埋埴装置であって、体外装置から供給される電力及び網膜を構成する細胞を電気刺激させるための刺激用信号を受信する受信手段と、該受信手段にて受信した前記刺激用信号を所定の電気信号に変換する信号変換手段と、該信号変換手段にて変換された前記電気信号を出力して網膜を構成する細胞を電気刺激する電極と、不関電極と、を備える眼内埋埴装置において、
透光性を有する材料からなり一端に前記受信手段,信号変換手段,及び不関電極が取り付けられ他端に前記電極が取り付けられる基板であって,前記一端を眼の水晶体嚢に置いた状態で前記電極が位置する前記他端が眼の網膜に沿って黄斑部周辺に位置するだけの長さを持つ長板状の基板を有し、前記受信手段は電磁誘導により体外装置から前記電力を受け取るための2次コイルと体外装置から前記刺激用信号として送信される光信号を受光する受光素子を有し、前記2次コイルは前記水晶体嚢に位置する基板の前記一端の角膜側表面に取り付けられ前記受光素子及び前記信号変換手段は前記一端の眼底側表面に取り付けられ,前記受光素子は前記基板を透過した前記光信号を受光する構成とされていることを特徴とする眼内埋埴装置。
An intraocular implant device placed in the eye of a patient's eye, which receives power supplied from an extracorporeal device and stimulation signals for electrically stimulating cells constituting the retina , and receiving means A signal converting means for converting the received stimulation signal into a predetermined electrical signal, an electrode for electrically stimulating the cells constituting the retina by outputting the electrical signal converted by the signal converting means, An intraocular implant device comprising an electrode ,
A substrate made of a light-transmitting material and having the receiving means, the signal converting means, and the indifferent electrode attached to one end and the electrode attached to the other end, with the one end placed on the lens capsule of the eye The other end on which the electrode is located has a long plate-like substrate that is long enough to be positioned around the macula along the retina of the eye, and the receiving means receives the power from the extracorporeal device by electromagnetic induction. And a light receiving element that receives an optical signal transmitted as the stimulation signal from an extracorporeal device, and the secondary coil is attached to the corneal side surface of the one end of the substrate located in the crystalline lens capsule The intraocular implant device, wherein the light receiving element and the signal converting means are attached to a fundus side surface of the one end, and the light receiving element is configured to receive the optical signal transmitted through the substrate .
請求項1の眼内埋埴装置において、水晶体嚢に位置する前記基板の一端には前記受信手段及び信号変換手段を水晶体嚢内にて位置固定させるための固定保持手段を持つことを特徴とする眼内埋埴装置。2. The intraocular implant device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the substrate located in the capsular bag has fixing holding means for fixing the receiving means and the signal converting means in the capsular bag. Internal buried device.
JP2002031421A 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Intraocular implant device Expired - Fee Related JP4118062B2 (en)

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US20050090875A1 (en) * 2003-09-10 2005-04-28 Palanker Daniel V. Optical projection and tracking system for retinal prosthesis
KR101304338B1 (en) * 2010-10-21 2013-09-11 주식회사 엠아이텍 LCP-based electro-optrode neural interface and Method for fabricating the same
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