JP4114345B2 - Vacuum deposition system - Google Patents

Vacuum deposition system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4114345B2
JP4114345B2 JP2001351377A JP2001351377A JP4114345B2 JP 4114345 B2 JP4114345 B2 JP 4114345B2 JP 2001351377 A JP2001351377 A JP 2001351377A JP 2001351377 A JP2001351377 A JP 2001351377A JP 4114345 B2 JP4114345 B2 JP 4114345B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
film
film forming
electrode
web
vacuum
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JP2001351377A
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JP2003155572A (en
Inventor
励 白井
隆宏 原田
祐樹 渡邉
晃 武田
晴夫 宇山
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Toppan Inc
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Toppan Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は真空中にてポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、トリアセチルセルロース(TAC)、その他の樹脂製ロールフィルム表面などのウエブ状基板に化学蒸着法(CVD)により成膜ガスを噴出してウエブ状基板上に薄膜を形成する真空成膜装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば、図4に示すように、トルクモータ等の一定の張力にて巻取り可能な巻取り手段を持つ巻取り軸1を有し、かつパウダークラッチ等のトルク制御手段により一定のバックテンションをかけつつウエブ状の合成樹脂フィルムの巻出しを可能にする巻出し軸2を有し、かつこの二軸の間に合成樹脂フィルム9の走行を規制する複数のアイドルローラ3、4および張力を検知して巻取り軸1または巻出し軸2に適宜フィードバックを行うための張力検出器5,6を具備したテンションロール7,8および合成樹脂フィルム9にそのフィルム9の温度をコントロールし表面に膜を形成するための温調ドラム10、および電極11と複数の成膜ガス噴出管17、18でなる成膜手段を配置することにより巻出し軸2から所定の張力を付与されつつ巻き出されるウエブ状の合成樹脂フィルム9が、温調ドラム10上で、前記の成膜手段により合成樹脂フィルム9の表面に膜を形成された後、所定の張力を伴いつつ巻取り軸1にて巻き取られ、表面に薄膜が形成されたフィルム13を得ることが出来る仕組みになっていた。
【0003】
しかしながら、上記の図4ような従来の技術では以下のような問題を生じていた。
CVD法やスパッタ法は成膜速度が遅いため大面積化することで必要な膜厚を堆積させる必要があった。そこで電極を大型化した場合、形状やフィルムの幅によっては大型化自体が無理であったり、大型化が可能であった場合でも電極の中央部と両端での成膜速度及び膜質の変化が大きい等の問題があった。
【0004】
この成膜速度が遅い理由には幾つかの要因が絡んでいるが、その一つとして発生しうるプラズマの密度が低密度であることが挙げられる。この密度を向上させる為には大電力を印可する、基板距離を近づけるなどの方法もあるが、これはアーク放電と言われる異常放電に移行し易く安定した成膜が困難であったり、基板への損傷が大きくなり膜質の悪化などを引き起こす原因となっていた。
【0005】
更に、ホロカソード効果を用いた電極に関しての報告も多くなされているが、これらはカソードの対して必ずアノードが必要となり、各々の距離や、形状に大きく影響されてしまい現象をより複雑とし必要な効果が得られ難いと言う問題があった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はかかる従来技術の問題点を解決するものであり、その課題とするところは、化学蒸着法(CVD)によりウェブ状合成樹脂フィルム表面に薄膜を形成する真空成膜装置において、電極の大型化、大電力化をすること無く成膜の高速安定性向上が図れ、更に電極の簡素化が可能であることを特徴とする真空成膜装置とそれを用いた成膜方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明において上記課題を達成するために、まず請求項1の発明では、真空の成膜室内をウエブ状基板が走行する機構と、該基板走行表面にプラズマ化した成膜ガスを噴出させる成膜手段から少なくともなる真空成膜装置であって、成膜手段が成膜ガスをプラズマ化する内部空間と、該内部空間を持つ電極と、該電極に付属した永久磁石と、該電極に均等に設置され、該内部空間から該基板走行表面へプラズマ化した成膜ガスを噴出させる穴部と、該内部空間へ成膜ガスを導入する導入手段と、該ウエブ状基材の背面に設置した電極と、該内部空間を持つ電極と該ウエブ状基材の背面に設置した電極との間に高周波電力を印加できる高周波電力印加機構を具備したことを特徴とする真空成膜装置を提供するものである。
【0008】
上記本発明の真空装置によれば、成膜手段を複雑化することなく、また高速で安定した薄膜を積層可能となる。更に成膜手段への電力供給を従来の電極に比べ1/2以下に抑えることが出来、無駄な電力消費を抑制するすることが可能となる。
【0009】
また、内部空間においてE×Bドリフト効果を利用しプラズマを発生し易く、より高密度にすることが出来、プラズマの発生自体を電極内部の空間に閉じ込めることが出来る。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施の形態を図面を用いて説明する。
真空成膜装置は、従来例と同様に、ウエブ状基板の巻出し・巻取り室を成膜室と同様に真空環境内で設けるものでも構わないが、外部に巻出し・巻取り機構を設けて真空装置内に導入や排出を行うものであっても構わない。
【0011】
また、温調ドラムに巻き付いた状態で成膜室に搬送される機構としているが、別な搬送形態を持つものでも構わない。
さらに、成膜室と他の領域との仕切は、ウエブ状基板に接触しない程度に温調ドラムに近づけて形成されるが、仕切の大きさ等は適宜選択可能である。
また、ウエブ状基板は、撓んで巻き取れる様な性質の長尺のものであれば、どの様な材料でも構わない。
【0012】
成膜ガスについては、CVDによりウエブ状基板に付着できる材料であればどの様なものでも良く、HMDSO(ヘキサメチルジシロキ酸)、Ti(i−OC374(テトライソプロキシチタニウム)等を用いる事が可能である。
本発明における成膜手段は、少なくとも内部空間を持つ電極が必要であるが、その材質は電極をなす材料が用いられ、通常はSUS(ステンレス)などが用いられる。
【0013】
電極は、穴部と内部空間の他、成膜ガスの導入手段の一部をなす導入管が設けられているが、内部の導入ガスの効率良いプラズマ化や成膜時の効率良い排出のために、適宜形状を選択可能である。例えば、穴部を成膜部分に向けて形成する等である。
【0014】
内部空間へ成膜ガスを導入する導入手段としては、成膜ガスを外部から内部空間へ放出する仕組みを指し、内部は気圧が低いので、単に外部と導通させ、流量を規定し、配管するのみでも可能である。
流量調整は、膜厚と関係ある為に細かく調整可能な方が好ましい。
【0015】
高周波電力印加機構は、ウエブ状基板の背面、例えば温調ドラムに設置した電極と本願の電極との間に高周波電力を印加する仕組みとなっている。ここで高周波とは、40kHz〜54MHzを意味している。加圧電力は、調整可能な様な仕組みとなっており、最大電力等は真空機構の大きさや材質、求める膜厚等によって変化する。
【0016】
その他、従来例と同様にトルクモータ等の一定の張力にて巻取り可能な巻取り手段、パウダークラッチ等のトルク制御手段により一定のバックテンションをかけつつウエブ状の合成樹脂フィルムの巻出しを可能にする巻出し手段、複数のアイドルローラ、張力検出器やテンションロール、温調ドラム等の手段を持つものであっても構わない。
【0017】
【実施例】
本願発明を実施した場合の一例を以下示す。
従来例の図4における成膜手段11以外は従来例と同様であり、成膜手段11が図1や図2に示す様に、これに変わってシャワーヘッド電極19が設けられている。
サイズは100×300×50mmであり、この中に80×270×2mmの内部空間20が設けられている。
さらにその内部空間20から外部に貫通して直径3mmの穴部21が、12個均等に、設けられて、シャワーヘッドを構成している。
【0018】
また、その背面には、図3に示す様に永久磁石が、N極22をS極23が取り囲む様に設けられている。
なお、温調ドラム10表面と電極19の距離は35mmと調整した上で実験した。
【0019】
この電極19と温調ドラム10内の電極間で周波数13.56kHz、電力1.5kWの高周波電力を与え、内部空間20に成膜ガスであるHMSDOを100sccm導入し、材質がPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)である幅300mmのウエブ状基板の合成樹脂フィルム9をラインスピード1m/minにて流して実験した。
【0020】
該高密度プラズマをシャワーヘッドの穴部から引き出すことで基板と電極との間で化学反応を起こし薄膜を積層可能となった。
出来た薄膜は、膜厚20nmであり、アーク放電痕が全く発生しないものであった。
なお、シャワーヘッドの穴位置や大きさを変化させることで積層可能な薄膜の膜質も変化可能となる。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上の構成であるから、下記に示す如き効果がある。
即ち、成膜手段を複雑化することなく、非常にシンプルな装置構成で、かつ省電力によって高密度プラズマを発生可能とし従来CVD法で問題となっていた成膜速度の向上が可能となる。
【0022】
従って本発明は、真空中にて基板表面などに薄膜を形成する真空成膜装置、特に化学蒸着法(CVD)等によりウエブ状合成樹脂フィルム表面に薄膜を形成する真空成膜装置として、優れた実用上の効果を発揮する。
【0023】
特に、電極下部に永久磁石を用いる事でE×Bドリフト効果を利用しプラズマを発生し易く、より高密度にすることが出来、プラズマの発生自体を電極内部の空間に閉じ込めることが出来る。このため、この放電自体は誘導放電に近い放電となり、アノードを必要としない。これは装置構成に関して自由度が非常に高まると言う効果もある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に関わる真空巻取り装置の成膜手段の概略図を示す部分斜視図である。
【図2】本発明に関わる真空巻取り装置の成膜手段の一事例を示す部分拡大断面図である。
【図3】本発明に関わる真空巻取り装置の永久磁石の一事例を示す部分拡大断面図である。
【図4】従来技術における巻取り式真空成膜装置の全体図を示す概略説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 巻取り軸
2 巻出し軸
3、4 アイドルローラ
5、6 張力検出器
7、8 テンションローラ
9、12 合成樹脂フィルム
10 温調ドラム
11 電極
13 形成されたフィルム
17、18 成膜ガス噴出管
19 電極
20 内部空間
21 穴部
22 N極
23 S極
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a film-formation gas is jetted by a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD) onto a web-like substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), triacetylcellulose (TAC), and other resin roll film surfaces in a vacuum. The present invention relates to a vacuum film forming apparatus for forming a thin film thereon.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, it has a winding shaft 1 having a winding means capable of winding at a constant tension such as a torque motor, and a constant back tension is applied by a torque control means such as a powder clutch. While having the unwinding shaft 2 that enables unwinding of the web-shaped synthetic resin film, the idle rollers 3 and 4 that restrict the running of the synthetic resin film 9 between these two shafts and the tension are detected. A film is formed on the surface of the tension rolls 7 and 8 and the synthetic resin film 9 provided with tension detectors 5 and 6 for appropriately feeding back to the winding shaft 1 or the unwinding shaft 2 by controlling the temperature of the film 9. A predetermined tension is applied from the unwinding shaft 2 by disposing the temperature control drum 10 and the film forming means including the electrode 11 and the plurality of film forming gas ejection pipes 17 and 18. The web-like synthetic resin film 9 to be discharged is formed on the surface of the synthetic resin film 9 on the temperature control drum 10 by the film-forming means, and then applied to the winding shaft 1 with a predetermined tension. The film 13 having a thin film formed on the surface can be obtained.
[0003]
However, the conventional technique as shown in FIG. 4 has the following problems.
Since the CVD method and the sputtering method have a low film formation rate, it is necessary to deposit a necessary film thickness by increasing the area. Therefore, when the electrode is enlarged, depending on the shape and width of the film, the enlargement itself is impossible, or even if the enlargement is possible, the film formation speed and film quality change greatly at the center and both ends of the electrode. There was a problem such as.
[0004]
The reason why the film formation rate is slow involves several factors. One of the reasons is that the density of plasma that can be generated is low. In order to improve this density, there are methods such as applying a large amount of power and reducing the substrate distance, but this tends to shift to abnormal discharge called arc discharge, and it is difficult to form a stable film or to the substrate. The damage of the film increased, causing deterioration of the film quality.
[0005]
Furthermore, there are many reports on electrodes using the holocathode effect, but these always require an anode for the cathode, which is greatly influenced by the distance and shape of each, making the phenomenon more complicated and the necessary effects. There was a problem that it was difficult to obtain.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the problems of the prior art, and the problem is that in a vacuum film forming apparatus for forming a thin film on the surface of a web-like synthetic resin film by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a large electrode is used. The present invention provides a vacuum film forming apparatus and a film forming method using the same, which can improve the high-speed stability of film formation without increasing the power and power consumption, and can further simplify the electrode. is there.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object in the present invention, first, in the invention of claim 1, a mechanism in which a web-shaped substrate travels in a vacuum film-forming chamber and a film-forming gas that jets a plasma-forming film-forming gas to the substrate running surface. A vacuum film forming apparatus comprising at least means for forming an internal space in which the film forming means converts the film forming gas into plasma, an electrode having the internal space, a permanent magnet attached to the electrode, and an equal installation on the electrode A hole for ejecting a plasma-forming film-forming gas from the internal space to the substrate running surface, an introducing means for introducing the film-forming gas into the internal space, and an electrode installed on the back surface of the web-shaped substrate; And providing a high-frequency power application mechanism capable of applying a high-frequency power between an electrode having the internal space and an electrode installed on the back surface of the web-like substrate. .
[0008]
According to the vacuum apparatus of the present invention, a stable thin film can be laminated at high speed without complicating the film forming means. Furthermore, the power supply to the film forming means can be suppressed to ½ or less compared to the conventional electrode, and wasteful power consumption can be suppressed.
[0009]
Further, it is easy to generate plasma by utilizing the E × B drift effect in the internal space, the density can be increased, and the plasma generation itself can be confined in the space inside the electrode.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As in the conventional example, the vacuum film forming apparatus may be a device for unwinding and winding the web-like substrate in a vacuum environment like the film forming chamber. However, an external unwinding / winding mechanism is provided. It may be that which is introduced into or discharged from the vacuum apparatus.
[0011]
Further, although the mechanism is transported to the film forming chamber while being wound around the temperature control drum, it may have another transport form.
Furthermore, the partition between the film forming chamber and the other region is formed as close to the temperature control drum as it does not come into contact with the web-like substrate, but the size of the partition can be selected as appropriate.
Further, the web-like substrate may be made of any material as long as it has a long property such that it can be bent and wound.
[0012]
As the film forming gas, any material can be used as long as it can be attached to the web substrate by CVD. HMDSO (hexamethyldisiloxy acid), Ti (i-OC 3 H 7 ) 4 (tetraisoproxytitanium) Etc. can be used.
The film forming means in the present invention requires at least an electrode having an internal space, and the material is an electrode material, and usually SUS (stainless steel) or the like is used.
[0013]
In addition to the hole and the internal space, the electrode is provided with an introduction tube that forms part of the means for introducing the film formation gas. For the purpose of efficient plasma conversion of the internal introduction gas and efficient discharge during film formation. In addition, the shape can be selected as appropriate. For example, the hole portion is formed toward the film forming portion.
[0014]
As an introduction means for introducing film formation gas into the internal space, it refers to a mechanism for releasing the film formation gas from the outside to the internal space. Since the inside is low in atmospheric pressure, simply connect with the outside, regulate the flow rate, and pipe But it is possible.
The flow rate adjustment is preferably finely adjustable because it is related to the film thickness.
[0015]
The high-frequency power application mechanism is a mechanism that applies high-frequency power between the back surface of the web substrate, for example, an electrode installed on a temperature control drum and the electrode of the present application. Here, the high frequency means 40 kHz to 54 MHz. The pressurizing power is a mechanism that can be adjusted, and the maximum power and the like vary depending on the size and material of the vacuum mechanism, the desired film thickness, and the like.
[0016]
In addition, as with the conventional example, it is possible to unwind a web-like synthetic resin film while applying a constant back tension by a winding means capable of winding at a constant tension such as a torque motor, and a torque control means such as a powder clutch. It may be provided with means such as unwinding means, a plurality of idle rollers, a tension detector, a tension roll, and a temperature control drum.
[0017]
【Example】
An example when the present invention is implemented is shown below.
Except for the film forming means 11 in FIG. 4 of the conventional example, the film forming means 11 is provided with a shower head electrode 19 instead of the film forming means 11 as shown in FIGS.
The size is 100 × 300 × 50 mm, and an internal space 20 of 80 × 270 × 2 mm is provided therein.
Furthermore, twelve holes 21 having a diameter of 3 mm that penetrate from the inner space 20 to the outside are provided uniformly to form a shower head.
[0018]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a permanent magnet is provided on the rear surface so that the N pole 22 is surrounded by the S pole 23.
In addition, it experimented after adjusting the distance of the temperature control drum 10 surface and the electrode 19 with 35 mm.
[0019]
A high frequency power with a frequency of 13.56 kHz and a power of 1.5 kW is applied between the electrode 19 and the electrode in the temperature control drum 10, and 100 sccm of HMSDO as a film forming gas is introduced into the internal space 20, and the material is PET (polyethylene terephthalate). The experiment was conducted by flowing a synthetic resin film 9 of a web-shaped substrate having a width of 300 mm at a line speed of 1 m / min.
[0020]
By drawing out the high-density plasma from the hole of the shower head, a chemical reaction occurred between the substrate and the electrode, and a thin film can be stacked.
The resulting thin film had a thickness of 20 nm and no arc discharge traces were generated.
In addition, the film quality of the thin film which can be laminated | stacked can also be changed by changing the hole position and size of a shower head.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is the above structure, there exist the following effects.
That is, without complicating the film forming means, it is possible to generate a high density plasma with a very simple apparatus configuration and power saving, and to improve the film forming speed which has been a problem in the conventional CVD method.
[0022]
Therefore, the present invention is excellent as a vacuum film forming apparatus for forming a thin film on the surface of a substrate in a vacuum, particularly as a vacuum film forming apparatus for forming a thin film on the surface of a web-like synthetic resin film by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or the like. Demonstrate practical effects.
[0023]
In particular, by using a permanent magnet in the lower part of the electrode, it is easy to generate plasma using the E × B drift effect, and it is possible to achieve higher density, and the generation of plasma itself can be confined in the space inside the electrode. For this reason, this discharge itself is a discharge close to induction discharge, and does not require an anode. This also has the effect of increasing the degree of freedom with respect to the device configuration.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing a schematic view of a film forming means of a vacuum winding apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing an example of a film forming means of a vacuum winding apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing an example of a permanent magnet of a vacuum winding device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing an overall view of a winding type vacuum film forming apparatus in the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Winding axis | shaft 2 Unwinding axis | shaft 3, 4 Idle roller 5, 6 Tension detector 7, 8 Tension roller 9, 12 Synthetic resin film 10 Temperature control drum 11 Electrode 13 Films 17 and 18 Deposition gas ejection pipe 19 Electrode 20 Internal space 21 Hole 22 N pole 23 S pole

Claims (1)

真空の成膜室内をウエブ状基板が走行する機構と、該基板走行表面にプラズマ化した成膜ガスを噴出させる成膜手段から少なくともなる真空成膜装置であって、
成膜手段が成膜ガスをプラズマ化する内部空間と、該内部空間を持つ電極と、該電極に付属した永久磁石と、該電極に均等に設置され、該内部空間から該基板走行表面へプラズマ化した成膜ガスを噴出させる穴部と、該内部空間へ成膜ガスを導入する導入手段と、該ウエブ状基材の背面に設置した電極と、該内部空間を持つ電極と該ウエブ状基材の背面に設置した電極との間に高周波電力を印加できる高周波電力印加機構を具備したことを特徴とする真空成膜装置。
A vacuum film forming apparatus comprising at least a mechanism for moving a web-shaped substrate in a vacuum film forming chamber and film forming means for ejecting a plasma forming film gas onto the substrate running surface,
An inner space in which the film forming means converts the film forming gas into plasma, an electrode having the inner space, a permanent magnet attached to the electrode, and a plasma that is evenly installed on the electrode from the inner space to the substrate running surface. Holes for jetting the formed film forming gas, introduction means for introducing the film forming gas into the internal space, electrodes installed on the back surface of the web-shaped substrate, electrodes having the internal space, and the web-shaped substrate A vacuum film-forming apparatus comprising a high-frequency power application mechanism capable of applying high-frequency power to an electrode placed on the back surface of a material .
JP2001351377A 2001-11-16 2001-11-16 Vacuum deposition system Expired - Fee Related JP4114345B2 (en)

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DE102008028542B4 (en) * 2008-06-16 2012-07-12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and apparatus for depositing a layer on a substrate by means of a plasma-enhanced chemical reaction
JP2013204053A (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-07 Ulvac Japan Ltd Film-forming apparatus

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