JP4108363B2 - Fixing device and image forming apparatus having the fixing device - Google Patents

Fixing device and image forming apparatus having the fixing device Download PDF

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JP4108363B2
JP4108363B2 JP2002131024A JP2002131024A JP4108363B2 JP 4108363 B2 JP4108363 B2 JP 4108363B2 JP 2002131024 A JP2002131024 A JP 2002131024A JP 2002131024 A JP2002131024 A JP 2002131024A JP 4108363 B2 JP4108363 B2 JP 4108363B2
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temperature
contact
fixing
detecting means
fixing device
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JP2003323073A (en
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晃康 網田
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、記録媒体に担持された未定着トナー像を定着する定着装置と、その定着装置を有する画像形成装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子複写機、プリンタ、ファクシミリ或いはこれらの少なくとも2つの機能を備えた複合機などとして構成される画像形成装置においては、記録媒体に担持された未定着トナー像を、熱と圧力の作用により記録媒体上に定着する定着装置が用いられている。かかる定着装置として、従来より各種形式の装置が提案され、かつ実用化されているが、いずれの形式の定着装置においても、加熱手段によって加熱される定着部材を有し、その定着部材の温度を温度検知手段によって検知し、その検知結果に基づいて定着部材の温度を制御している。かかる温度検知手段として、一般に、定着部材に接触する接触型温度検知手段が用いられている。
【0003】
例えば、定着ローラより成る定着部材と、これに内設されたヒータより成る加熱手段を有する定着装置においては、そのヒータにより加熱された定着ローラの温度を、定着ローラの表面に当接したサーミスタより成る接触型温度検知手段により検知し、その検知結果に基づいてヒータへの通電を制御し、定着ローラの温度が所定の範囲に維持されるように当該温度を制御している。また、画像形成装置の電源オンに伴うヒータへの通電の開始時から、定着ローラが所定の温度に上昇するまでの立上げ時にも、サーミスタにより定着ローラの温度を検知し、これによって、例えばヒータなどに異常が発生した場合、その異常を検出する異常監視制御を行っている。
【0004】
ところが、上述の如き接触型の温度検知手段を用いると、その温度検知手段が定着部材に接触した接触部に、例えばトナーなどの異物が固着し、これによって定着部材表面に傷が付けられたり、その摩耗が促進され、定着部材の寿命が縮められる欠点を免れない。
【0005】
そこで、定着部材に対して非接触状態で配置された非接触型温度検知手段を用いることが検討されている。非接触型温度検知手段は定着部材に接触しないため、その温度検知手段によって定着部材表面に傷が付けられたり、摩耗が促進される不具合を阻止でき、定着部材の寿命を伸ばすことが可能となる。ところが、温度検知手段は、それ自身の温度が低いと、安定した状態で正しく温度を検知することができず、温度を誤って検知してしまうことがある。温度検知手段は、それ自身の温度が或る程度、上昇していないと安定状態で正しく温度を検知することができないのである。非接触型温度検知手段は、定着部材に接触していないため、定着装置の立上げ時に定着部材からの熱を受け難く、その検知手段自身の温度が上がり難い。このため、非接触型温度検知手段を用いると、定着装置の立上げ時には、定着部材の実際の温度と、非接触型温度検知手段が検知した温度とに大きな差ができ、定着部材の温度を正確に検知できなくなり、例えば立上げ時の異常を正しく検出できなくなるおそれがある。特に低温環境(例えば−10℃付近の環境)下で画像形成装置を使用する場合、画像形成装置の電源オン時は、当然、非接触型温度検知手段の温度も−10℃となっているので、非接触型温度検知手段の温度が或る程度上昇するまでは、当該温度検知手段によって定着部材の温度を正しく検知することはできない。
【0006】
これに対し、接触型温度検知手段は、定着部材に接触しているため、定着部材の温度が上昇し始めると、その熱が直ぐに温度検知手段に伝わり、当該温度検知手段の温度も即座に上昇する。このため、接触型温度検知手段を用いれば、定着装置の立上げ時にも、定着部材の温度を正確に検知できるが、接触型温度検知手段の場合には、前述のように、定着部材を短命化させてしまう欠点を免れない。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、接触型温度検知手段を用いたときの上記欠点と、非接触型温度検知手段を用いたときの上記欠点を共に除去することのできる定着装置と、その定着装置を有する画像形成装置を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、加熱手段によって加熱される定着部材を有する定着装置において、該定着部材の通紙領域内において当該定着部材に非接触状態で対向配置された非接触型温度検知手段と、前記定着部材の通紙領域外において該定着部材に接触配置された接触型温度検知手段とを具備し、定着装置の立上げ開始時点から、その立上げ開始時に前記接触型温度検知手段により検知された初期温度に対応する設定時間が経過するまでは、前記接触型温度検知手段の検知温度に基づいて所定の制御を行い、前記設定時間が経過した後に、前記非接触型温度検知手段の検知温度に基づき前記加熱手段への通電を制御して、前記定着部材の温度を制御すると共に、前記初期温度が低ければ低い程、前記設定時間を長く設定することを特徴とする定着装置を提案する(請求項1)。
【0012】
また、本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、請求項1に記載の定着装置を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置を提案する(請求項2)。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態例を図面に従って詳細に説明する。
【0014】
図1は、定着装置の一例を示す横断面図であり、図2は図1に示した定着装置1をその右側から見た正面図、図3は図2の矢印III方向から見た平面図である。これらの図に示した定着装置1は、図示していない画像形成装置本体内に配置され、定着部材の一例である中空状の定着ローラ2と、この定着ローラ2の相手定着部材を構成する加圧ローラ3と、定着ローラ2を加熱する加熱手段の一例であるヒータ4とを有している。図示した例では、ヒータ4は、中空状の定着ローラ2の内部に配置されているが、加熱手段を定着部材の外部に設けることもできる。
【0015】
定着ローラ2と加圧ローラ3は互いに圧接し、定着動作時に、これらのローラ2,3は図1に矢印で示す方向にそれぞれ回転駆動される。このとき、ヒータ4の熱によって定着ローラ2が加熱され、その熱が加圧ローラ3に伝えられて加圧ローラ3も加熱される。このように、定着装置1は、加熱手段によって加熱される定着部材の一例である定着ローラ2を有している。
【0016】
一方、画像形成装置本体内には、図示していない画像形成部が設けられ、この画像形成部において、転写紙や樹脂シートなどから成る記録媒体P上にトナー像TMが形成される。例えば、画像形成部の感光体上に形成されたトナー像が記録媒体P上に転写されることにより、記録媒体P上にトナー像が形成される。このようにして未定着のトナー像TM(図3には示さず)を担持した記録媒体Pは、そのトナー像が定着ローラ2に接触する向きにして矢印A方向に搬送され、定着ローラ2と加圧ローラ3の圧接により形成されたニップ部に送り込まれてここを通過する。このとき、トナー像TMのトナーに熱と圧力が加えられ、そのトナーが溶融して当該トナー像TMが記録媒体P上に定着される。定着装置1を通過した記録媒体は図示していない排紙部に排出される。
【0017】
上述の定着動作が行われるとき、定着ローラ2の温度を、トナー像の定着に適した温度範囲に保つ必要がある。また画像形成装置の電源オンに伴って、ヒータ4への通電が開始されて定着ローラ2が所定の温度に上昇するまでの立上げ時にも、ヒータ4の異常などを検出するために、定着ローラ2の温度上昇状態を検知する必要がある。かかる目的で、接触型温度検知手段、又は非接触型温度検知手段のいずれかを用いて定着ローラの温度を制御したとすると、前述の欠点を免れない。
【0018】
そこで、図示した定着装置1においては、定着ローラ2の周面から離間した非接触型温度検知手段5と、定着ローラ2の周面に当接した接触型温度検知手段6の2つの温度検知手段が設けられている。温度検知手段5,6としては、例えば、サーミスタを用いることができる。これらの温度検知手段5,6の検知結果に基づいて、定着ローラ2の温度を制御するのであるが、その詳細を説明する前に、非接触型温度検知手段5と接触型温度検知手段6の配置状態を明らかにする。
【0019】
記録媒体Pは、定着ローラ2と加圧ローラ3とのニップ部を通過する。その際、図3に示すように最大幅Wの記録媒体Pが定着ローラ2を通過する範囲が、その定着ローラ2の通紙領域LAである。この通紙領域LAよりも、定着ローラ2の長手方向外側の各領域には記録媒体Pが通過することはなく、これらの領域は通紙領域外となる。
【0020】
非接触型温度検知手段5と接触型温度検知手段6は、定着ローラ2の長手方向における異なった位置にそれぞれ配置され、前者の非接触型温度検知手段5は、定着ローラ2の通紙領域LA内に配置され、後者の接触型温度検知手段6は、定着ローラ2の通紙領域外に配置されている。図示した例では、定着ローラ2の長手方向のほぼ中央部に非接触型温度検知手段5が配置されている。このように、定着装置は、定着部材(図の例では定着ローラ2)の通紙領域内において当該定着部材に非接触状態で対向配置された非接触型温度検知手段と、定着部材の通紙領域外において該定着部材に接触配置された接触型温度検知手段とを具備している。
【0021】
非接触型温度検知手段5は定着ローラ2の周面から離間しているので、その非接触型温度検知手段5によって定着ローラ2の表面に傷が付けられたり、その摩耗が促進されることはない。また接触型温度検知手段6は定着ローラ2の表面に当接しているが、その当接個所が定着ローラ2の通紙領域外であるため、この接触型温度検知手段6によって定着ローラ2の表面に多少の傷が付けられたり、その表面が多少摩耗しても、定着ローラ2の機能が害されることはない。このように、温度検知手段5,6によって定着ローラ2の寿命が縮められる不具合を阻止することができる。
【0022】
非接触型温度検知手段5と接触型温度検知手段6による温度検知と、これによる定着ローラ2の温度制御は次のように行われる。
【0023】
図4は、画像形成装置の電源オンに伴ってヒータ4への通電が開始され、これによって定着ローラ2の温度が上昇し、当該定着ローラ2がトナー像の定着に適した範囲の温度に上昇するまでの温度変化を示す説明図である。図4における実線は、定着ローラ表面の長手方向中央部における実際の温度Xを示し、破線は、非接触型温度検知手段5により検知された温度、すなわち非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yを示している。また一点鎖線は接触型温度検知手段6により検知された温度、すなわち接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zを示している。図4に示した例では、これらの温度X,Y,Zの初期温度はいずれもTであるが、これらの初期温度が互いに多少異なることもある。定着ローラ2の長手方向中央部における実際の温度を、以下、必要に応じて、単に定着ローラ2の実際の温度Xと称することにする。
【0024】
定着装置1の立上げ時には、ヒータ4はフル点灯し、これによって定着ローラ2の実際の温度Xと、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yと、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zは共に上昇する。その際、ヒータ4はその長手方向に所定の発光分布を有しているため、定着ローラ2の長手方向中央部の温度と当該定着ローラの各端部の温度には差があり、中央部の温度の方が高くなる。これが、図4における実線と一点鎖線で示される温度X,Zの差である。また、非接触型温度検知手段5は定着ローラ2から離間しているので、定着装置の立上げ時における非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yは、定着ローラ2の実際の温度Xよりも低くなっている。但し、電源オン時から或る時間を経過すると、非接触型温度検知手段5自体の温度も上昇するので、定着ローラ2の実際の温度Xと、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yは一致し、当該非接触型温度検知手段5が温度を正しく検知できるようになる。
【0025】
ここで、本例の定着装置においては、当該定着装置の立上げを開始してから、接触型温度検知手段6により検知された温度Zが所定温度Tに達するまでは、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づいて、例えば定着装置1の異常監視制御などの所定の制御が実行される。より具体的な例を示すと、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zが所定温度Tに達するまでは、その検知温度Zが図示していない制御部に取り込まれ、当該温度に異常が検出されたとき、画像形成装置の図示していない表示部に異常表示がなされ、或いは画像形成装置の作動が停止されるなどの所定の制御が実行される。
【0026】
接触型温度検知手段6は定着ローラ2に接触しているので、ヒータ4への通電開始直後から温度を正しく検知でき、かかる接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づいて定着装置1の異常を正しく検出することができる。接触型温度検知手段6は、定着ローラ2の長手方向端部に位置しているので、前述のように、その検知温度Zは、定着ローラ2の長手方向中央部における実際の温度Xより低くなるが、ヒータ4の発光分布により、定着ローラの長手方向中央部の温度と、端部の温度の差は決まっているので、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づいて定着装置の異常を正しく検出することができる。
【0027】
接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zが前述の所定温度Tとなったとき、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yは、定着ローラ2の実際の温度Xと一致し、或いはほぼ一致しており、非接触型温度検知手段5が温度を正しく検知できる状態となっている。定着装置1の立上げを開始してから、接触型温度検知手段6により検知された温度Zが、かかる所定温度Tに達した後に、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づき、加熱手段(この例ではヒータ4)への通電を制御して、定着部材(この例では定着ローラ2)の温度を制御する。すなわち、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づいて、定着ローラ2の実際の温度Xが、トナー像の定着に適した目標温度T(例えば185℃)となるようにヒータ4への通電のオン、オフを制御するのである。この例では、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zが所定温度Tとなった時点で定着装置1の立上げを完了し、それ以降、前述の定着動作を実行することができる。
【0028】
上述のように、非接触型温度検知手段5が温度を正しく検知できる状態になってから、その非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づいて定着ローラ2の温度を制御するので、定着ローラ2の温度をトナー像の定着に適した範囲の温度に正しく保つことができる。
【0029】
また、定着装置の立上げを完了した時、定着ローラ2より成る定着部材や、その相手定着部材である加圧ローラ3をプレ回転させ、その加圧ローラ3の温度を上昇させてから、定着動作を行うように構成することも公知である。図4に示した「プレ回転」は、この回転を意味している。
【0030】
かかる構成を採用した場合には、定着装置1の立上げを開始してから、接触型温度検知手段6により検知された温度Zが所定温度Tに達したとき、定着ローラ2より成る定着部材を所定時間、プレ回転させ、そのプレ回転終了後に、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づきヒータ4より成る加熱手段への通電を制御して、定着ローラ2より成る定着部材の温度を制御するように構成することもできる。この場合には、プレ回転を終了して非接触型温度検知手段5による上記制御が開始されるまで、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づき、例えば定着装置1の異常監視制御などの所定の制御を実行することができる。
【0031】
上述した構成によると、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づいて定着ローラ2の温度を制御し始める時期が、前述の構成よりも遅くなるので、非接触型温度検知手段5がより確実に正常に温度を検知できるようになってから、その非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づく制御に切り換えられる。これにより、定着ローラ2の温度をより一層正確に検知して、その温度を正しく制御することが可能となる。
【0032】
また、定着装置の立上げ開始時に、接触型温度検知手段6によって、図4に示した初期温度Tを検知し、その初期温度Tに応じて接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づく制御から、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づく制御に切り換えることもできる。例えば、画像形成装置の電源オン時における接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度、すなわち初期温度を上述のようにTとし、T=(180−T)/1.5なる式から算出される時間Tを設定時間としたとき、電源オンに伴うヒータ4への通電開始時から、設定時間Tを経過するまでは、接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づき、例えば定着装置1の異常監視制御などの所定の制御を実行し、ヒータ4への通電開始から設定時間Tが経過した後は、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づいて、定着ローラ2の温度が目標温度Tとなるように、ヒータ4への通電のオン、オフを制御する。このようにすれば、画像形成装置の電源オン時の定着ローラ2の温度が低い時ほど、設定時間Tが長くなり、その間に非接触型温度検知手段5の温度を上昇させ、その非接触型温度検知手段5が正しく温度を検知できる状態になってから、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づく制御に切り換えることができる。設定時間Tを経過してから定着ローラ2と加圧ローラ3のニップ部への記録媒体の通紙が開始される。
【0033】
上述のように、定着装置1の立上げ開始時点から、その立上げ開始時に接触型温度検知手段6により検知された初期温度Tに対応する設定時間Tが経過するまでは接触型温度検知手段6の検知温度Zに基づき、例えば定着装置1の異常監視制御などの所定の制御を行い、設定時間Tが経過した後に、非接触型温度検知手段5の検知温度Yに基づき加熱手段(この例ではヒータ4)への通電を制御して、定着部材(この例では定着ローラ2)の温度を制御する。その際、初期温度Tが低ければ低い程、設定時間Tを長く設定することにより、初期温度Tがいかなるときも、非接触型温度検知手段5による定着ローラ2の温度制御を正しく行うことができる。
【0034】
以上、加熱手段により加熱される定着部材として、定着ローラ2を挙げ、その定着ローラ2の温度を制御する例を示したが、定着ローラ以外の定着部材の温度を制御するためにも、上述の構成を採用できる。例えば、図1に示した加圧ローラ3より成る定着部材、或いはローラに巻き掛けられて走行駆動される定着ベルトや定着フィルムから成る定着部材、或いは定着ベルトや定着フィルムを加熱する加熱ローラより成る定着部材などの定着部材の温度を制御するためにも、上述した各構成を採用することができる。このように、温度検知の対象となる定着部材は、トナー像の定着のために加熱される部材であればよい。
【0035】
また、定着装置を有する画像形成装置としては、電子複写機、プリンタ、ファクシミリ、或いはこれらの少なくとも2つの機能を備えた画像形成装置などを挙げることができる。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、温度検知手段による定着部材の短命化を防止し、かつ常に安定した状態で定着部材の温度を検知することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】定着装置の一例を示す横断面図である。
【図2】図1に示した定着装置を、その右側から見た正面図である。
【図3】図2の矢印III方向から見た平面図である。
【図4】定着ローラの実際の温度と、非接触型温度検知手段及び接触型温度検知手段の各検知温度の関係の一例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 定着装置
5 非接触型温度検知手段
6 接触型温度検知手段
LA 通紙領域
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fixing device that fixes an unfixed toner image carried on a recording medium, and an image forming apparatus having the fixing device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an image forming apparatus configured as an electronic copying machine, a printer, a facsimile machine, or a multifunction machine having at least two of these functions, an unfixed toner image carried on a recording medium is recorded by the action of heat and pressure. A fixing device for fixing on top is used. Various types of fixing devices have been proposed and put to practical use as such fixing devices. However, any type of fixing device has a fixing member heated by a heating means, and the temperature of the fixing member is adjusted. The temperature is detected by the temperature detecting means, and the temperature of the fixing member is controlled based on the detection result. As such a temperature detection means, a contact-type temperature detection means that contacts a fixing member is generally used.
[0003]
For example, in a fixing device having a fixing member composed of a fixing roller and a heating means composed of a heater provided in the fixing member, the temperature of the fixing roller heated by the heater is set by a thermistor in contact with the surface of the fixing roller. The temperature is controlled by the contact-type temperature detecting means, and the energization to the heater is controlled based on the detection result, and the temperature is controlled so that the temperature of the fixing roller is maintained within a predetermined range. Further, the temperature of the fixing roller is also detected by the thermistor from the start of energization to the heater when the image forming apparatus is turned on until the fixing roller rises to a predetermined temperature. When an abnormality occurs, etc., abnormality monitoring control is performed to detect the abnormality.
[0004]
However, when the contact-type temperature detecting means as described above is used, foreign matter such as toner adheres to the contact portion where the temperature detecting means is in contact with the fixing member, and the surface of the fixing member is thereby damaged. There is an inevitable disadvantage that the wear is accelerated and the life of the fixing member is shortened.
[0005]
Therefore, it has been studied to use a non-contact type temperature detecting means arranged in a non-contact state with respect to the fixing member. Since the non-contact type temperature detecting means does not contact the fixing member, the surface of the fixing member can be prevented from being damaged by the temperature detecting means, or a problem in which wear is accelerated can be prevented, and the life of the fixing member can be extended. . However, if the temperature detection means itself has a low temperature, the temperature detection means cannot detect the temperature correctly in a stable state, and may erroneously detect the temperature. The temperature detecting means cannot correctly detect the temperature in a stable state unless its own temperature rises to some extent. Since the non-contact type temperature detecting means is not in contact with the fixing member, it is difficult to receive heat from the fixing member when starting up the fixing device, and the temperature of the detecting means itself is difficult to rise. For this reason, when the non-contact type temperature detecting means is used, when the fixing device is started up, there is a large difference between the actual temperature of the fixing member and the temperature detected by the non-contact type temperature detecting means. For example, it may not be possible to accurately detect an abnormality at the time of start-up. In particular, when the image forming apparatus is used in a low temperature environment (for example, in the vicinity of −10 ° C.), the temperature of the non-contact type temperature detecting means is naturally −10 ° C. when the image forming apparatus is turned on. Until the temperature of the non-contact type temperature detecting means rises to some extent, the temperature detecting means cannot correctly detect the temperature of the fixing member.
[0006]
In contrast, since the contact-type temperature detecting means is in contact with the fixing member, when the temperature of the fixing member starts to rise, the heat is immediately transmitted to the temperature detecting means, and the temperature of the temperature detecting means immediately increases. To do. For this reason, if the contact-type temperature detecting means is used, the temperature of the fixing member can be accurately detected even when the fixing device is started up. However, in the case of the contact-type temperature detecting means, the fixing member is short-lived as described above. I cannot escape the fault that makes it.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing device that can eliminate both the above-mentioned drawbacks when using a contact-type temperature detecting means and the above-mentioned disadvantages when using a non-contact-type temperature detecting means, and an image having the fixing device. It is to provide a forming apparatus.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fixing device having a fixing member heated by a heating means, a non-contact type temperature which is disposed in a non-contact state in a non-contact state within the sheet passing area of the fixing member. And a contact-type temperature detection means disposed in contact with the fixing member outside the sheet passing area of the fixing member, and the contact-type temperature detection at the start of the start-up of the fixing device. Until the set time corresponding to the initial temperature detected by the means elapses, predetermined control is performed based on the detected temperature of the contact type temperature detecting means, and after the set time elapses, the non-contact type temperature detection The energization to the heating unit is controlled based on the detected temperature of the unit to control the temperature of the fixing member, and the lower the initial temperature, the longer the set time is set. We suggest fixing device according to symptoms (claim 1).
[0012]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an image forming apparatus having the fixing device according to claim 1 (claim 2).
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a fixing device, FIG. 2 is a front view of the fixing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the right side, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fixing device 1 viewed from the direction of arrow III in FIG. It is. The fixing device 1 shown in these drawings is disposed in an image forming apparatus main body (not shown), and includes a hollow fixing roller 2 which is an example of a fixing member and an additional fixing member constituting the fixing roller 2. A pressure roller 3 and a heater 4 which is an example of a heating unit for heating the fixing roller 2 are provided. In the illustrated example, the heater 4 is disposed inside the hollow fixing roller 2, but a heating unit may be provided outside the fixing member.
[0015]
The fixing roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 are in pressure contact with each other, and during the fixing operation, the rollers 2 and 3 are rotationally driven in directions indicated by arrows in FIG. At this time, the fixing roller 2 is heated by the heat of the heater 4, the heat is transmitted to the pressure roller 3, and the pressure roller 3 is also heated. As described above, the fixing device 1 includes the fixing roller 2 which is an example of a fixing member heated by the heating unit.
[0016]
On the other hand, an image forming unit (not shown) is provided in the image forming apparatus main body, and a toner image TM is formed on a recording medium P made of transfer paper, a resin sheet, or the like in this image forming unit. For example, the toner image formed on the photoconductor of the image forming unit is transferred onto the recording medium P, whereby the toner image is formed on the recording medium P. In this way, the recording medium P carrying the unfixed toner image TM (not shown in FIG. 3) is conveyed in the direction of arrow A in a direction in which the toner image comes into contact with the fixing roller 2. It is sent to a nip portion formed by the pressure contact of the pressure roller 3 and passes there. At this time, heat and pressure are applied to the toner of the toner image TM, the toner is melted, and the toner image TM is fixed on the recording medium P. The recording medium that has passed through the fixing device 1 is discharged to a paper discharge unit (not shown).
[0017]
When the above-described fixing operation is performed, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the fixing roller 2 within a temperature range suitable for fixing the toner image. Further, in order to detect an abnormality of the heater 4 or the like even when the energization of the heater 4 is started and the fixing roller 2 rises to a predetermined temperature when the power of the image forming apparatus is turned on, the fixing roller is detected. It is necessary to detect the temperature rise state of 2. For this purpose, if the temperature of the fixing roller is controlled using either a contact-type temperature detection unit or a non-contact-type temperature detection unit, the above-described drawbacks are unavoidable.
[0018]
Therefore, in the fixing device 1 shown in the figure, two temperature detecting means, that is, a non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 spaced from the peripheral surface of the fixing roller 2 and a contact type temperature detecting means 6 in contact with the peripheral surface of the fixing roller 2. Is provided. As the temperature detection means 5 and 6, for example, a thermistor can be used. The temperature of the fixing roller 2 is controlled based on the detection results of these temperature detection means 5 and 6. Before describing the details, the non-contact type temperature detection means 5 and the contact type temperature detection means 6 are controlled. Clarify the placement status.
[0019]
The recording medium P passes through the nip portion between the fixing roller 2 and the pressure roller 3. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, a range in which the recording medium P having the maximum width W passes through the fixing roller 2 is a sheet passing area LA of the fixing roller 2. The recording medium P does not pass through each area outside the sheet passing area LA in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 2, and these areas are outside the sheet passing area.
[0020]
The non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 and the contact type temperature detecting means 6 are respectively arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 2, and the former non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 is the paper passing area LA of the fixing roller 2. The latter contact-type temperature detecting means 6 is disposed outside the sheet passing area of the fixing roller 2. In the illustrated example, the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 is disposed at a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 2. As described above, the fixing device includes a non-contact type temperature detecting unit disposed in a non-contact state in a non-contact state in the sheet passing region of the fixing member (the fixing roller 2 in the illustrated example), and the sheet passing through the fixing member. Contact-type temperature detection means disposed outside the area and in contact with the fixing member.
[0021]
Since the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 is separated from the peripheral surface of the fixing roller 2, the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 can damage the surface of the fixing roller 2 or promote its wear. Absent. The contact-type temperature detection means 6 is in contact with the surface of the fixing roller 2, but the contact point is outside the sheet passing area of the fixing roller 2. Even if the surface is slightly scratched or the surface thereof is slightly worn, the function of the fixing roller 2 is not impaired. As described above, the temperature detection means 5 and 6 can prevent a problem that the life of the fixing roller 2 is shortened.
[0022]
The temperature detection by the non-contact type temperature detection means 5 and the contact type temperature detection means 6 and the temperature control of the fixing roller 2 by this are performed as follows.
[0023]
In FIG. 4, energization of the heater 4 is started when the power of the image forming apparatus is turned on, whereby the temperature of the fixing roller 2 rises and the fixing roller 2 rises to a temperature suitable for fixing the toner image. It is explanatory drawing which shows the temperature change until it does. The solid line in FIG. 4 indicates the actual temperature X at the center in the longitudinal direction of the surface of the fixing roller, and the broken line indicates the temperature detected by the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5, that is, the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5. Is shown. The alternate long and short dash line indicates the temperature detected by the contact-type temperature detection means 6, that is, the detected temperature Z of the contact-type temperature detection means 6. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the initial temperatures of these temperatures X, Y, and Z are all T 0 , but these initial temperatures may be slightly different from each other. Hereinafter, the actual temperature at the center in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 2 will be simply referred to as the actual temperature X of the fixing roller 2 as necessary.
[0024]
When the fixing device 1 is started up, the heater 4 is fully lit, whereby the actual temperature X of the fixing roller 2, the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5, and the detected temperature Z of the contact type temperature detecting means 6. Both rise together. At that time, since the heater 4 has a predetermined light emission distribution in the longitudinal direction, there is a difference between the temperature of the center portion in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 2 and the temperature of each end portion of the fixing roller. The temperature is higher. This is the difference between the temperatures X and Z indicated by the solid line and the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. Further, since the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 is separated from the fixing roller 2, the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 at the time of starting up the fixing device is higher than the actual temperature X of the fixing roller 2. It is low. However, when a certain period of time elapses after the power is turned on, the temperature of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 itself also rises, so that the actual temperature X of the fixing roller 2 and the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 are The non-contact temperature detecting means 5 can detect the temperature correctly.
[0025]
Here, in the fixing apparatus of this embodiment, from the start of the start-up of the fixing device, to a temperature Z detected by the contact-type temperature detecting means 6 has reached the predetermined temperature T 1 of the contact type temperature detecting means 6, for example, predetermined control such as abnormality monitoring control of the fixing device 1 is executed. When a more concrete example, until the temperature detected Z of the contact type temperature detecting means 6 has reached the predetermined temperature T 1, the detected temperature Z is received by the control unit (not shown), the abnormality detection to the temperature When this is done, a predetermined control is performed such that an abnormal display is made on a display unit (not shown) of the image forming apparatus or the operation of the image forming apparatus is stopped.
[0026]
Since the contact-type temperature detection means 6 is in contact with the fixing roller 2, the temperature can be detected correctly immediately after the energization of the heater 4 is started, and the abnormality of the fixing device 1 is detected based on the detected temperature Z of the contact-type temperature detection means 6. Can be detected correctly. Since the contact-type temperature detecting means 6 is located at the longitudinal end portion of the fixing roller 2, the detected temperature Z is lower than the actual temperature X in the longitudinal center portion of the fixing roller 2 as described above. However, since the difference between the temperature at the center portion in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller and the temperature at the end portion is determined by the light emission distribution of the heater 4, the abnormality of the fixing device is determined based on the detected temperature Z of the contact-type temperature detecting means 6. It can be detected correctly.
[0027]
When the detection temperature Z of the contact type temperature detecting means 6 has reached a predetermined temperature T 1 of the foregoing, the detection temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature sensing means 5 coincides with the actual temperature X of the fixing roller 2, or almost a Therefore, the non-contact temperature detecting means 5 is in a state where the temperature can be detected correctly. After the start-up of the fixing device 1, the temperature Z detected by the contact-type temperature detection unit 6 reaches the predetermined temperature T 1 , and then based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detection unit 5. By controlling energization to the heating means (heater 4 in this example), the temperature of the fixing member (fixing roller 2 in this example) is controlled. That is, based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact temperature detecting means 5, the actual temperature X of the fixing roller 2 is supplied to the heater 4 so as to become a target temperature T 2 (for example, 185 ° C.) suitable for fixing the toner image. This controls on / off of the energization. In this example, the detection temperature Z of the contact type temperature detecting means 6 has completed startup of the fixing device 1 when it becomes a predetermined temperature T 1, thereafter, may perform the above-described fixing operation.
[0028]
As described above, since the temperature of the fixing roller 2 is controlled based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting unit 5 after the non-contact type temperature detecting unit 5 can detect the temperature correctly, the fixing is performed. The temperature of the roller 2 can be properly maintained within a temperature range suitable for fixing the toner image.
[0029]
When the start-up of the fixing device is completed, the fixing member composed of the fixing roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 which is the counterpart fixing member are pre-rotated to increase the temperature of the pressure roller 3 and then the fixing is performed. It is also known to be configured to perform operations. The “pre-rotation” shown in FIG. 4 means this rotation.
[0030]
In the case of adopting such a configuration, when from the start of the start-up of the fixing device 1, the temperature Z detected by the contact-type temperature detecting means 6 has reached a predetermined temperature T 1, a fixing member made of a fixing roller 2 Is pre-rotated for a predetermined time, and after completion of the pre-rotation, the energization of the heating means including the heater 4 is controlled based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact temperature detecting means 5 to thereby control the temperature of the fixing member including the fixing roller 2. It can also be configured to control. In this case, for example, abnormality monitoring control of the fixing device 1 is performed based on the detected temperature Z of the contact-type temperature detection unit 6 until the pre-rotation is finished and the control by the non-contact type temperature detection unit 5 is started. Predetermined control can be executed.
[0031]
According to the above-described configuration, the timing at which the temperature of the fixing roller 2 starts to be controlled based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting unit 5 is later than that of the above-described configuration. After the temperature can be reliably detected normally, the control is switched to the control based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5. As a result, the temperature of the fixing roller 2 can be detected more accurately and the temperature can be correctly controlled.
[0032]
Further, when the start-up of the fixing device is started, the contact-type temperature detection means 6 detects the initial temperature T 0 shown in FIG. 4, and the detected temperature Z of the contact-type temperature detection means 6 is set in accordance with the initial temperature T 0. It is possible to switch from the control based on the control based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact temperature detecting means 5. For example, the detected temperature of the contact-type temperature detecting means 6 when the power of the image forming apparatus is turned on, that is, the initial temperature is set to T 0 as described above, and is calculated from the equation T = (180−T 0 ) /1.5. When the time T is set as the set time, from the start of energization to the heater 4 when the power is turned on until the set time T elapses, for example, an abnormality of the fixing device 1 is detected based on the detected temperature Z of the contact-type temperature detecting means 6. After predetermined control such as monitoring control is executed and the set time T has elapsed since the start of energization of the heater 4, the temperature of the fixing roller 2 is set to the target temperature based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact temperature detecting means 5. as it will be T 2, to control the energization of the oN, oFF of the heater 4. In this way, the lower the temperature of the fixing roller 2 when the image forming apparatus is turned on, the longer the set time T, during which the temperature of the non-contact type temperature detecting means 5 is increased and the non-contact type is detected. After the temperature detecting means 5 can detect the temperature correctly, the control can be switched to the control based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact temperature detecting means 5. After the set time T has elapsed, the recording medium is started to pass through the nip portion between the fixing roller 2 and the pressure roller 3.
[0033]
As described above, the contact-type temperature detection unit from the start-up time of the fixing device 1 until the set time T corresponding to the initial temperature T 0 detected by the contact-type temperature detection unit 6 at the start-up time elapses. For example, a predetermined control such as abnormality monitoring control of the fixing device 1 is performed on the basis of the detected temperature Z of No. 6, and after the set time T has elapsed, the heating unit (this example) is based on the detected temperature Y of the non-contact type temperature detecting unit 5 Then, the energization to the heater 4) is controlled to control the temperature of the fixing member (the fixing roller 2 in this example). At that time, the lower the initial temperature T 0 is, the longer the set time T is set, so that the temperature control of the fixing roller 2 by the non-contact temperature detecting means 5 is correctly performed at any time of the initial temperature T 0. Can do.
[0034]
As described above, the fixing roller 2 is exemplified as the fixing member heated by the heating unit, and the example of controlling the temperature of the fixing roller 2 has been described. Configuration can be adopted. For example, the fixing member includes the pressure roller 3 shown in FIG. 1, the fixing member formed of a fixing belt or a fixing film wound around the roller, or the heating roller that heats the fixing belt or the fixing film. In order to control the temperature of a fixing member such as a fixing member, the above-described configurations can be employed. As described above, the fixing member to be temperature-detected may be a member that is heated for fixing the toner image.
[0035]
Examples of the image forming apparatus having the fixing device include an electronic copying machine, a printer, a facsimile, or an image forming apparatus having at least two of these functions.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the fixing member from being short-lived by the temperature detecting means, and to detect the temperature of the fixing member in a stable state at all times.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a fixing device.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the fixing device shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the right side thereof.
FIG. 3 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrow III in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the relationship between the actual temperature of the fixing roller and the detected temperatures of the non-contact type temperature detecting unit and the contact type temperature detecting unit.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixing device 5 Non-contact type temperature detection means 6 Contact type temperature detection means LA Paper passing area

Claims (2)

加熱手段によって加熱される定着部材を有する定着装置において、該定着部材の通紙領域内において当該定着部材に非接触状態で対向配置された非接触型温度検知手段と、前記定着部材の通紙領域外において該定着部材に接触配置された接触型温度検知手段とを具備し、定着装置の立上げ開始時点から、その立上げ開始時に前記接触型温度検知手段により検知された初期温度に対応する設定時間が経過するまでは、前記接触型温度検知手段の検知温度に基づいて所定の制御を行い、前記設定時間が経過した後に、前記非接触型温度検知手段の検知温度に基づき前記加熱手段への通電を制御して、前記定着部材の温度を制御すると共に、前記初期温度が低ければ低い程、前記設定時間を長く設定することを特徴とする定着装置。  In a fixing device having a fixing member heated by a heating means, a non-contact type temperature detecting means arranged in a non-contact state in contact with the fixing member in a paper passing area of the fixing member, and a paper passing area of the fixing member A contact-type temperature detecting means arranged in contact with the fixing member outside, and a setting corresponding to the initial temperature detected by the contact-type temperature detecting means at the start of the start-up of the fixing device Until the time elapses, predetermined control is performed based on the detected temperature of the contact-type temperature detecting means, and after the set time has elapsed, the heating means is supplied to the heating means based on the detected temperature of the non-contact-type temperature detecting means. A fixing device that controls energization to control the temperature of the fixing member, and sets the set time longer as the initial temperature is lower. 請求項1に記載の定着装置を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。  An image forming apparatus comprising the fixing device according to claim 1.
JP2002131024A 2002-05-02 2002-05-02 Fixing device and image forming apparatus having the fixing device Expired - Fee Related JP4108363B2 (en)

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US9042760B2 (en) 2012-04-03 2015-05-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Heating device
JP5595541B2 (en) * 2012-04-03 2014-09-24 株式会社東芝 Heating device

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JP2914986B2 (en) * 1989-01-06 1999-07-05 コニカ株式会社 Preliminary rotation control method for fixing unit of recording apparatus
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