JP4105360B2 - Aqueous two-component undercoating composition - Google Patents

Aqueous two-component undercoating composition Download PDF

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JP4105360B2
JP4105360B2 JP2000071366A JP2000071366A JP4105360B2 JP 4105360 B2 JP4105360 B2 JP 4105360B2 JP 2000071366 A JP2000071366 A JP 2000071366A JP 2000071366 A JP2000071366 A JP 2000071366A JP 4105360 B2 JP4105360 B2 JP 4105360B2
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copolymer
component
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JP2001262053A (en
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安明 西澤
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Kansai Paint Co Ltd
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Kansai Paint Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、耐水性、耐溶剤性に優れた塗膜を形成でき、自動車補修分野におけるプライマーサーフェーサーとして有用な水性2液型下塗塗料組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、自動車補修用分野における下塗塗料(プライマーサーフェーサー)は、速乾性、密着性、耐水性、研磨作業性などの点から、有機溶剤型のアクリル系ラッカー塗料や2液型ウレタン塗料が主流である。しかしながら、近年、環境保全の観点から水性塗料への転換が進められており、種々提案されてきている。例えば特開平10-60369号公報には、エポキシ/アミン系の2液型水性プライマーサーフェーサーが開示されており、得られる塗膜の密着性や研磨性などには優れるが、硬化性や耐水性が不十分であり、また特開平7-258596号公報には、エポキシ系1液型水性コーティング組成物が開示されているが、やはり得られる塗膜の耐水性が不十分であった。一方、2液型ウレタン塗料の水性化も検討されているが、特に耐溶剤性に劣るために、溶剤系の上塗塗料を塗り重ねるとチヂミが発生し、仕上り性が著しく低下するという不具合があった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとした課題】
本発明は、耐水性、耐溶剤性に優れた塗膜を形成できる水性2液型下塗塗料組成物を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記問題を解決すべく鋭意検討をした結果、特定量のスチレンを共重合成分としたアクリル樹脂エマルション及び水分散性ポリイソシアネートを皮膜形成成分とする2液型の水性塗料が、耐水性、耐溶剤性に優れたプライマーサーフェーサー塗膜を形成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
即ち本発明は、(A)(a)スチレン40〜70重量%、(b)カルボキシル基含有モノマー2〜7重量%、(c)水酸基含有モノマー10〜25重量%、及び(d)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー10〜48重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を乳化重合して得られる、共重合体のガラス転移温度が20〜70℃で重量平均分子量が5万〜50万である共重合体エマルション、(B)顔料、及び(C)ノニオン性の親水基を導入した水分散性ポリイソシアネートを主成分とし、該共重合体エマルション(A)の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して、顔料(B)を100〜250重量部含有し、このうち体質顔料を樹脂固形分100重量部に対して50〜200重量部含有することを特徴とする水性2液型下塗塗料組成物を提供するものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において共重合体エマルション(A)は、スチレン(a)30〜80重量%、カルボキシル基含有モノマー(b)1〜10重量%、水酸基含有モノマー(c)5〜30重量%、および(d)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(d)5〜64重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を乳化重合して得られる。
【0007】
上記カルボキシル基含有モノマー(b)としては、例えばアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、βーカルボキシエチルアクリレートなどが挙げられる。
【0008】
水酸基含有モノマー(c)としては、例えば2−ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2−ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレートなどのアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸のC1からC8のヒドロキシアルキルエステル、ポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコール(メタ)アクリレートなどが挙げられる。
【0009】
その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(d)としては、例えばメチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−,i−プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n−,i−,t−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2ーエチルへキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレートなどのアクリル酸又はメタクリル酸のC1からC24のアルキル又はシクロアルキルエステル;(メタ)アクリルアミド、ダイアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル、ブタジエンなどが挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上併用して使用することができる。
【0010】
上記モノマー混合物中の各含有率は、スチレン(a)が 30〜80重量%、好ましくは40〜70重量%、カルボキシル基含有モノマー(b)が1〜10重量%、好ましくは2〜7重量%、水酸基含有モノマー(c)が5〜30重量%、好ましくは10〜25重量%、およびその他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(d)5〜64重量%、好ましくは10〜48重量%の範囲内である。該(a)の含有率が30重量%未満では、得られる塗膜の耐水、防水性が不十分となり、一方80重量%を超えると、造膜不良となり、モノマー(b)の含有率が1重量%未満では、エマルション安定性が劣り、一方10重量%を超えると親水性が高くなりすぎて耐水性が劣ることになり、モノマー(c)の含有率が5重量%未満では、得られる塗膜の耐溶剤性が劣り、一方30重量%を超えると親水性が高くなりすぎて耐水性が劣ることになるので好ましくない。
【0011】
本発明では、さらに耐溶剤性向上の点から、その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(d)として多ビニルモノマーを10重量%以下の範囲で用いてもよい。該多ビニルモノマーとしては、多価アルコールの重合性不飽和モノカルボン酸エステル、多塩基酸の重合性不飽和アルコールエステル及び2個以上のビニル基で置換された芳香族化合物などが包含され、例えばアリル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6−ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,1,1−トリスヒドロキシメチルエタンジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリアリルイソシアヌレート、ジビニルベンゼンなどが挙げられる。
【0012】
上記モノマー混合物の乳化重合は、従来公知の方法が採用でき、例えば乳化剤の存在下で、重合開始剤を使用して行うことができる。該乳化剤としては、例えばアニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤などが挙げられ、重合開始剤としては、例えば過硫酸塩、過酸化物などが挙げられる。
【0013】
また本発明においては共重合体エマルション(A)を造膜性向上の点からコア−シェル構造としてもよく、該共重合体エマルション(A)として、(a)スチレン30〜80重量%、(b)カルボキシル基含有モノマー1〜10重量%、(c)水酸基含有モノマー5〜30重量%、及び(d)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー5〜64重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を乳化重合して得られる共重合体(I)をコア成分とし、これを含むエマルション中に、(e)スチレン20〜70重量%、(f)カルボキシル基含有モノマー1〜10重量%、(g)水酸基含有モノマー5〜50重量%、及び(h)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー5〜74重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を加えて、乳化重合して得られる共重合体(II)をシェル成分とするものを用いることもできる。
【0014】
上記カルボキシル基含有モノマー(f)としては、前記モノマー(b)の説明で列記したものから適宜選択して使用でき、水酸基含有モノマー(g)としては、前記モノマー(c)の説明で列記したものから適宜選択して使用でき、さらにその他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(h)としては、前記モノマー(d)の説明で列記したものから適宜選択して使用できる。
【0015】
上記コア成分である共重合体(I)とシェル成分である共重合体(II)の固形分重量比は、造膜性と耐水性のバランスの点から、(I)100重量部に対して(II)が25〜400重量部、好ましくは45〜230重量部となるようにするのが適当である。
上記コア−シェルエマルションは、乳化剤の存在下で重合開始剤を使用してコアを形成するモノマー混合物を乳化重合させて共重合体(I)エマルションを得た後、該エマルション中に、シェルを形成するモノマー混合物を添加し、重合開始剤を使用して乳化重合することで得られる。
【0016】
上記の通り得られる共重合体エマルション(A)は、共重合体のガラス転移温度が20〜70℃、好ましくは30〜60℃で、重量平均分子量が5万〜50万、好ましくは10〜30万の範囲である。該ガラス転移温度が20℃未満では、得られる塗膜の研磨性が不良となり、一方70℃を超えると造膜不良となり、上塗り塗装後の仕上りや塗膜性能の低下を招き、また重量平均分子量が5万未満では、耐溶剤性が劣り上塗り塗装時に塗膜のチヂミを生じやすく、一方50万を超えるとエマルション合成が不安定になるので好ましくない。
【0017】
本発明において顔料(B)は、従来公知の顔料類が使用でき、例えばチタン白、カーボンブラック、ベンガラなどの着色顔料;微細アルミニウム粉末などのメタリック顔料;炭酸カルシウム、クレー、タルク、マイカ、バリタ、シリカなどの体質顔料;トリポリリン酸アルミニウム、リンモリブデン酸アルミニウム、リン酸亜鉛などの防錆顔料などが挙げられる。
【0018】
該顔料(B)は、上記共重合体エマルション(A)の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して、100〜250重量部、好ましくは120〜200重量部配合される。該配合量が100重量部未満では研磨性が劣り、一方250重量部を超えると造膜性が不十分となり、上塗り塗装後の仕上りや塗膜性能の低下を招くので好ましくない。このうち体質顔料が樹脂固形分100重量部に対して、50〜200重量部、好ましくは70〜150重量部配合されるのが研磨性と塗膜性能のバランスの点から望ましい。
【0019】
本発明においてノニオン性の親水基を導入した水分散性ポリイソシアネート(C)は、1分子中にイソシアネ−ト基を少なくとも2個以上含有するポリイソシアネ−ト化合物にポリオキシアルキレン単位を含むノニオン性界面活性剤を反応させてなるものである。
【0020】
ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物としては、例えばテトラメチレンジイソシアネ−ト、ペンタメチレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−ト、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネ−ト、リジンジイソシアネートなどの脂肪族ジイソシアネ−ト;4・4´−メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルイソシアネ−ト)、イソホロンジイソシアネ−トなどの脂環族ジイソシアネ−ト;キシリレンジイソシアネ−ト、トリレンジイソシアネ−ト、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネ−ト、ポリフェニルメタンジイソシアネ−ト(以下ポリメリックMDI)などの芳香族ジイソシアネ−ト;及びこれらのイソシアヌレ−ト体やビュウレット体等の類似の化合物が挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上混合して使用できる。これらのうち、特に脂肪族ジイソシアネ−ト又は脂環族ジイソシアネ−ト、及びこれらの誘動体が好適である。
【0021】
ポリオキシアルキレン単位を含むノニオン性界面活性剤は、イソシアネート基と反応する活性水素基を有し、オキシアルキレン単位として特にオキシエチレン単位を有するものであり、該ノニオン界面活性剤としては、例えばポリオキシエチレンモノメチルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンモノラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンモノデシルエーテルなどのポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル;ポリオキシエチレンモノオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンモノノニルフェニルエーテルなどのポリオキシエチレンモノアルキルアリールエーテル;ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン高級脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンモノ高級脂肪酸エステルなどが挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上併用して用いることができる。
【0022】
上記ポリイソシアネ−ト化合物とノニオン性界面活性剤の反応割合は、該ポリイソシアネート化合物中のイソシアネート基1当量に対してノニオン界面活性剤中の活性水素基が0.01〜0.03当量程度が適当である。
【0023】
上記水分散性ポリイソシアネートには、必要に応じて片末端に活性水素基をもう片末端にアルコキシシリル基を有するシランカップリング剤を反応させてもよい。該シランカップリング剤としては、例えばN−β−(アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−β−(アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N−フェニル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシランなどが挙げられる。
【0024】
上記水分散性ポリイソシアネ−トとシランカップリング剤の反応割合は、該ポリイソシアネート中のイソシアネート基1当量に対してシランカップリング剤中の活性水素基が0.01〜0.3当量程度が適当である。
【0025】
上記の通り得られる水分散性ポリイソシアネート中の遊離イソシアネート基含量は、通常、8〜25重量%程度である。
【0026】
上記の通り本発明の塗料組成物は、上記共重合体エマルション(A)及び顔料(B)を含む主剤及び水分散ポリイソシアネート(C)を含む架橋剤からなり、これらは主剤中に含まれる水酸基1モルに対して架橋剤中に含まれるイソシアネ−ト基が0.05〜3.0モル、好ましくは0.1〜2.5モルとなるように使用直前に混合して使用に供する。
【0027】
本発明組成物には、さらに必要に応じて分散剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、増粘剤、防腐剤、防錆剤、有機溶剤などの塗料用添加剤、上記共重合体エマルション(A)以外の水性樹脂を性能を阻害しない程度に配合することができる。
【0028】
本発明組成物を適用する被塗面としては、具体的には金属又はプラスチック基材が挙げられ、特に自動車車体の補修塗装面に好適であり、その際にはまず損傷箇所を研磨し、必要に応じてパテ塗り充填した後、本発明組成物をプライマー/サーフェーサーとして適用することができる。該本発明組成物は、スプレー塗装など従来公知の方法に従って塗装され、常温から80℃で5〜60分間乾燥させられる。得られるプライマー/サーフェーサー塗膜は乾燥膜厚で10〜100μm程度である。上塗り塗装をする前に該プライマー/サーフェーサー塗面は、通常、耐水研磨紙で適宜研磨され、さらに上塗り塗料が塗装される。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明の塗料組成物によれば、特定量のスチレンを共重合成分としたアクリル樹脂エマルション及び水分散ポリイソシアネートを被膜形成成分とし、さらに特定量の顔料を含むことにより、耐水性、耐溶剤性、研磨性に優れ、しかも上塗り塗装後の仕上り性も良好な塗膜を形成でき、特に自動車補修分野におけるプライマーサーフェーサーとして有用である。
【0030】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例を挙げて、本発明をより具体的に説明する。尚、「部」及び「%」はいずれも重量基準である。
【0031】
アクリル共重合体エマルション(A)の製造
製造例1
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管を装備した2リットルのガラス製反応容器に、脱イオン水300部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ1部を仕込み、内部の空気を窒素置換した後、攪拌しつつ内部温度を82℃まで上げて溶解させた。別容器に、脱イオン水320部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ40部、過硫酸アンモニウム2部を添加し、よく攪拌して泡立て、その中にスチレン480部、n−ブチルアクリレート120部、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート160部及びアクリル酸40部からなるモノマー混合物を加え攪拌して乳化物を作り、該乳化物を先程の反応容器中に4時間かけて連続滴下した。滴下終了後、さらに82℃で2時間攪拌した後、40℃まで冷却し、平均粒子径150nm、固形分50%のアクリル共重合体エマルション(A−1)を得た。該アクリル共重合体のガラス転移温度は56℃、重量平均分子量は約20万であった。
【0032】
製造例2〜4
製造例1において、モノマー混合物の配合を表1に示す通りとする以外は製造例1と同様にして各アクリル共重合体エマルション(A−2)〜(A−4)を得た。
【0033】
【表1】

Figure 0004105360
【0034】
製造例5
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管を装備した2リットルのガラス製反応容器に、脱イオン水300部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ1部を仕込み、内部の空気を窒素置換した後、攪拌しつつ内部温度を82℃まで上げて溶解させた。別容器に、脱イオン水320部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ20部、過硫酸アンモニウム1部を添加し、よく攪拌して泡立て、その中にスチレン280部、n−ブチルアクリレート40部、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート60部及びアクリル酸20部からなるモノマー混合物を加え攪拌して乳化物を作り、該乳化物を先程の反応容器中に2時間かけて連続滴下した。滴下終了後、同温度で30分間熟成後、別容器にて脱イオン水160部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ20部、過硫酸アンモニウム1部を添加しよく攪拌して泡立た中にスチレン200部、n−ブチルアクリレート80部、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート100部及びアクリル酸20部からなるモノマー混合物を加え攪拌して作った乳化物を、2時間かけて連続滴下した。滴下終了後、同温度で2時間熟成後、40℃まで冷却し、平均粒子径150nm、固形分50%のアクリル共重合体エマルション(A−5)を得た。該アクリル共重合体のガラス転移温度は56.5℃、重量平均分子量は約20万であった。
【0035】
製造例6、7
製造例5において、モノマー混合物の配合を表2に示す通りとする以外は製造例5と同様にして各アクリル共重合体エマルション(A−6)、(A−7)を得た。
【0036】
【表2】
Figure 0004105360
【0037】
顔料ペーストの作成
脱イオン水100部に、チタン白(「JR701」、テイカ社製)43部、カーボンブラック(「MA−7」、三菱化学社製)2.5部、タルク(「タルクSSS」、日本タルク社製)99部、防錆顔料(「K−WHITE 140W」、テイカ社製)25.5部及び分散剤(「BYK181」、ビックケミー社製)4.5部を加え、ディスパーにより15分間撹拌混合し、さらにサンドミルにて30分間分散処理した。得られた顔料ペーストは粒ゲージで20μm以下であった。
【0038】
水性2液型プライマーサーフェーサーの作成
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜3
表3に示す配合で、上記で得られた各アクリル共重合体エマルションとブチルセロソルブを30分間撹拌し、ついで顔料ペーストを添加してさらに1時間撹拌を続けた。この中に防錆剤(注1)、防腐剤(注2)、消泡剤(注3)の順に加え、塗料pHが8.0になるようにトリエチルアミンで調整した後、さらに1時間撹拌を続けて各主剤を作成した。
【0039】
また「Bayhydur3100」(バイエル社製、水分散性ポリイソシアネート、NCO含率17.2%)にジプロピレングリコールジメチルエーテルを適量添加し、30分間攪拌して、固形分80%の架橋剤を作成した。
【0040】
上記の通り作成した主剤及び架橋剤を表3に示す配合で混合し(NCO/OH当量比=1.5)、500rpmで10分間攪拌した後、脱イオン水を30部添加し、さらに10分間攪拌して各2液型プライマーサーフェーサーを作成し、下性能試験に供した。
(注1)防錆剤:「ラストンRP」(第一産業化学工業所社製)
(注2)防腐剤:「デルトップ33」(武田薬品工業社製)
(注3)消泡剤:「BYK024」(ビック・ケミー社製)
性能試験
300×100×0.8mmの軟鋼板を#240ペーパーで研磨し、その上に実施例及び比較例のプライマーサーフェーサーを乾燥膜厚で60〜70μmとなるようにスプレー塗装し、60℃で30分間乾燥した後、#400ペーパーで水研磨した。その上に、「PG2KメタリックベースNo123」(関西ペイント社製、ウレタン硬化型ベースコート塗料)を乾燥膜厚で15μmとなるようにスプレー塗装し、10分間静置後60℃で10分間強制乾燥させ、ついで「PG2K Mクリヤー」(関西ペイント社製、ウレタン硬化型クリヤー塗料)を乾燥膜厚で50μmとなるようにスプレー塗装し、60℃で20分間強制乾燥させて各試験塗板を得た。得られた各試験塗板を下記性能試験に供した。結果を表3に示す。
(*1)造膜性:プライマーサーフェーサー塗装後に塗膜の造膜性を目視で評価した。(○:良好、△:部分的にワレあり、×全面にワレあり)
(*2)研磨性:プライマーサーフェーサー塗装後に#400ペーパーで水研磨した時のペーパーへの目づまりの有無で評価した。(○:目づまりなく良好、△:若干目づまりあり、×:目づまりあり)
(*3)付着性:各試験塗板を20℃の上水に7日間浸漬し取り出した後、塗膜を素地に達するようにクロスカットし、その塗面に粘着セロハンテープを貼り付け強く剥離した後の塗膜面を評価した。(○:剥離なし、△:部分的に剥離あり、×:全面剥離あり)
(*4)耐水性:各試験塗板を40℃の恒温水槽に10日間浸漬し取り出した後、1時間放置後の塗膜の状態を目視で評価した。(○:異常なし、×:ツヤビケ・フクレあり)
(*5)耐溶剤性:プライマーサーフェーサー塗装後、塗面上にキシロールを0.5ml滴下し、10分間静置した後キシロールをふき取り、塗膜の軟化状態を評価した。(○:異常なし、△:若干軟化、×:軟化激しい)
(*6)上塗仕上り性:各試験塗板の仕上り性を目視観察した。(○:良好、×:チヂミが発生)
【0041】
【表3】
Figure 0004105360
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aqueous two-component base coating composition that can form a coating film excellent in water resistance and solvent resistance and is useful as a primer surfacer in the field of automobile repair.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, undercoat paints (primer surfacers) in the field of automobile repair are mainly organic solvent-type acrylic lacquer paints and two-component urethane paints in terms of quick-drying, adhesion, water resistance, polishing workability, etc. . However, in recent years, conversion to water-based paints has been promoted from the viewpoint of environmental protection, and various proposals have been made. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-60369 discloses an epoxy / amine two-component aqueous primer surfacer, which has excellent adhesion and polishing properties of the resulting coating film, but has excellent curability and water resistance. JP-A-7-258596 discloses an epoxy one-component aqueous coating composition, but the resulting coating film has insufficient water resistance. On the other hand, water-based two-component urethane paints are also being studied, but due to their poor solvent resistance, there is a problem in that when a solvent-based topcoat is applied repeatedly, squeegee is generated and the finish is remarkably lowered. It was.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous two-component undercoat coating composition capable of forming a coating film excellent in water resistance and solvent resistance.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that an acrylic resin emulsion having a specific amount of styrene as a copolymer component and a two-component water-based paint having a water-dispersible polyisocyanate as a film-forming component. The inventors have found that a primer surfacer coating film excellent in water resistance and solvent resistance can be formed, and have completed the present invention.
[0005]
That is, the present invention includes (A) (a) 40 to 70 % by weight of styrene, (b) 2 to 7 % by weight of a carboxyl group-containing monomer, (c) 10 to 25 % by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, and (d) other ethylene. Copolymer emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing 10 to 48 % by weight of the unsaturated unsaturated monomer, and having a glass transition temperature of 20 to 70 ° C. and a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000 (B) a pigment, and (C) a water-dispersible polyisocyanate having a nonionic hydrophilic group introduced therein, and the pigment (B) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content of the copolymer emulsion (A). ) In an amount of 100 to 250 parts by weight, of which an extender pigment is contained in an amount of 50 to 200 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content. .
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the copolymer emulsion (A) comprises 30 to 80% by weight of styrene (a), 1 to 10% by weight of the carboxyl group-containing monomer (b), 5 to 30% by weight of the hydroxyl group-containing monomer (c), and (d ) It is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing 5 to 64% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers (d).
[0007]
Examples of the carboxyl group-containing monomer (b) include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, and β-carboxyethyl acrylate.
[0008]
Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing monomer (c) include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, C1 to C8 hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid such as 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, Examples thereof include polypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate.
[0009]
Examples of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers (d) include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-, i-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-, i-, t-butyl (meth) acrylate. , Hexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, etc. acrylic acid or methacrylic acid C 1 to C 24 alkyl or cyclo Alkyl esters; (meth) acrylamide, diacetone (meth) acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, butadiene, etc. Less than In combination can be used.
[0010]
As for each content rate in the said monomer mixture, styrene (a) is 30 to 80 weight%, Preferably it is 40 to 70 weight%, A carboxyl group-containing monomer (b) is 1 to 10 weight%, Preferably it is 2 to 7 weight% The hydroxyl group-containing monomer (c) is in the range of 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight, and the other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (d) in the range of 5 to 64% by weight, preferably 10 to 48% by weight. is there. If the content of (a) is less than 30% by weight, the resulting coating film has insufficient water resistance and water resistance. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80% by weight, film formation is poor and the content of monomer (b) is 1 If it is less than 5% by weight, the emulsion stability is inferior. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10% by weight, the hydrophilicity becomes too high and the water resistance is inferior. If the content of monomer (c) is less than 5% by weight, the resulting coating is obtained. The solvent resistance of the film is inferior. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30% by weight, the hydrophilicity becomes too high and the water resistance is inferior.
[0011]
In the present invention, a polyvinyl monomer may be used in the range of 10% by weight or less as the other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (d) from the viewpoint of further improving the solvent resistance. Examples of the polyvinyl monomer include polymerizable unsaturated monocarboxylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, polymerizable unsaturated alcohol esters of polybasic acids, and aromatic compounds substituted with two or more vinyl groups. Allyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,1,1-trishydroxymethylethane di (meth) acrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, divinylbenzene, etc. Is mentioned.
[0012]
For the emulsion polymerization of the monomer mixture, a conventionally known method can be employed. For example, it can be carried out using a polymerization initiator in the presence of an emulsifier. Examples of the emulsifier include anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants, and examples of the polymerization initiator include persulfates and peroxides.
[0013]
Further, in the present invention, the copolymer emulsion (A) may have a core-shell structure from the viewpoint of improving the film-forming property, and the copolymer emulsion (A) includes (a) 30 to 80% by weight of styrene, (b It is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing 1) to 10% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing monomer, (c) 5 to 30% by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, and (d) 5 to 64% by weight of another ethylenically unsaturated monomer. In the emulsion containing the copolymer (I) as a core component, (e) 20 to 70% by weight of styrene, (f) 1 to 10% by weight of carboxyl group-containing monomer, (g) 5 to 5 hydroxyl group-containing monomer The copolymer (II) obtained by emulsion polymerization by adding a monomer mixture containing 50% by weight and (h) 5 to 74% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers is formed into a shell composition. It is also possible to use one a.
[0014]
The carboxyl group-containing monomer (f) can be appropriately selected and used from those listed in the description of the monomer (b), and the hydroxyl group-containing monomer (g) is listed in the description of the monomer (c). The other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (h) can be appropriately selected from those listed in the description of the monomer (d).
[0015]
The solid content weight ratio of the copolymer (I), which is the core component, and the copolymer (II), which is the shell component, is based on (I) 100 parts by weight from the viewpoint of the balance between film-forming properties and water resistance. It is appropriate that (II) is 25 to 400 parts by weight, preferably 45 to 230 parts by weight.
In the above core-shell emulsion, a copolymer (I) emulsion is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture that forms a core using a polymerization initiator in the presence of an emulsifier, and then a shell is formed in the emulsion. It is obtained by adding a monomer mixture to be subjected to emulsion polymerization using a polymerization initiator.
[0016]
The copolymer emulsion (A) obtained as described above has a glass transition temperature of the copolymer of 20 to 70 ° C., preferably 30 to 60 ° C., and a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000, preferably 10 to 30. It is in the range of 10,000. When the glass transition temperature is less than 20 ° C., the resulting coating film has poor polishing properties. On the other hand, when it exceeds 70 ° C., the film formation is poor, and the finish after finishing the top coat and the coating film performance are deteriorated. If it is less than 50,000, the solvent resistance is inferior, and it is easy to cause a smudge of the coating film during top coating. On the other hand, if it exceeds 500,000, the emulsion synthesis becomes unstable, which is not preferable.
[0017]
In the present invention, conventionally known pigments can be used as the pigment (B), for example, colored pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, and bengara; metallic pigments such as fine aluminum powder; calcium carbonate, clay, talc, mica, barita, Examples include extender pigments such as silica; rust preventive pigments such as aluminum tripolyphosphate, aluminum phosphomolybdate, and zinc phosphate.
[0018]
The pigment (B) is blended in an amount of 100 to 250 parts by weight, preferably 120 to 200 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content of the copolymer emulsion (A). If the blending amount is less than 100 parts by weight, the abrasiveness is inferior. On the other hand, if it exceeds 250 parts by weight, the film-forming property becomes insufficient, and the finish after finish coating and the coating film performance are deteriorated. Of these, it is desirable that the extender pigment is blended in an amount of 50 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 70 to 150 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content, from the viewpoint of the balance between polishing properties and coating film performance.
[0019]
In the present invention, the water-dispersible polyisocyanate (C) introduced with a nonionic hydrophilic group is a nonionic interface containing a polyoxyalkylene unit in a polyisocyanate compound containing at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule. It is obtained by reacting an activator.
[0020]
Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include aliphatic diisocyanates such as tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and lysine diisocyanate; 4.4 '-Methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), alicyclic diisocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate; xylylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyphenylmethane Aromatic diisocyanates such as diisocyanates (hereinafter referred to as polymeric MDI); and similar compounds such as these isocyanurates and burettes can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. . Of these, aliphatic diisocyanates or alicyclic diisocyanates, and attractants thereof are particularly suitable.
[0021]
The nonionic surfactant containing a polyoxyalkylene unit has an active hydrogen group that reacts with an isocyanate group, and particularly has an oxyethylene unit as the oxyalkylene unit. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyalkylene units. Polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as ethylene monomethyl ether, polyoxyethylene monolauryl ether, polyoxyethylene monodecyl ether; polyoxyethylene monoalkyl aryl ethers such as polyoxyethylene monooctyl phenyl ether and polyoxyethylene monononyl phenyl ether; Polyoxyethylene sorbitan higher fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene mono higher fatty acid ester and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0022]
The reaction ratio between the polyisocyanate compound and the nonionic surfactant is suitably about 0.01 to 0.03 equivalent of the active hydrogen group in the nonionic surfactant with respect to 1 equivalent of the isocyanate group in the polyisocyanate compound. It is.
[0023]
If necessary, the water-dispersible polyisocyanate may be reacted with a silane coupling agent having an active hydrogen group at one end and an alkoxysilyl group at the other end. Examples of the silane coupling agent include N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. N-phenyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like.
[0024]
The reaction ratio between the water-dispersible polyisocyanate and the silane coupling agent is suitably about 0.01 to 0.3 equivalents of active hydrogen groups in the silane coupling agent with respect to 1 equivalent of isocyanate groups in the polyisocyanate. It is.
[0025]
The free isocyanate group content in the water-dispersible polyisocyanate obtained as described above is usually about 8 to 25% by weight.
[0026]
As described above, the coating composition of the present invention comprises a main agent containing the copolymer emulsion (A) and the pigment (B) and a crosslinking agent containing a water-dispersed polyisocyanate (C), which are hydroxyl groups contained in the main agent. The isocyanate group contained in the cross-linking agent is mixed in an amount of 0.05 to 3.0 mol, preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mol, and used immediately before use.
[0027]
The composition of the present invention may further include a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, a thickener, a preservative, a rust preventive, an additive for paints such as an organic solvent, and the copolymer emulsion (A) as necessary. Aqueous resins other than those can be blended to such an extent that the performance is not impaired.
[0028]
Specific examples of the coated surface to which the composition of the present invention is applied include a metal or plastic substrate, which is particularly suitable for a repaired painted surface of an automobile body, in which case the damaged portion is first polished and necessary. The composition of the present invention can be applied as a primer / surfacer after filling with a putty depending on the condition. The composition of the present invention is applied according to a conventionally known method such as spray coating, and dried at room temperature to 80 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes. The obtained primer / surfacer coating film has a dry film thickness of about 10 to 100 μm. Before the top coat is applied, the primer / surfacer-coated surface is usually polished with water-resistant abrasive paper as appropriate, and a top coat is further applied.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the coating composition of the present invention, an acrylic resin emulsion having a specific amount of styrene as a copolymerization component and a water-dispersed polyisocyanate as a film-forming component, and further containing a specific amount of a pigment, thereby providing water resistance and solvent resistance. In addition, it is possible to form a coating film that is excellent in abrasiveness and has a good finish after top coating, and is particularly useful as a primer surfacer in the field of automobile repair.
[0030]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. “Parts” and “%” are both based on weight.
[0031]
Production of acrylic copolymer emulsion (A) Production Example 1
A 2-liter glass reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and cooling tube was charged with 300 parts of deionized water and 1 part of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and the air inside was replaced with nitrogen. The temperature was raised to 82 ° C. to dissolve. In a separate container, add 320 parts of deionized water, 40 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 2 parts of ammonium persulfate and stir well to foam, in which 480 parts of styrene, 120 parts of n-butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl A monomer mixture consisting of 160 parts of methacrylate and 40 parts of acrylic acid was added and stirred to prepare an emulsion, and the emulsion was continuously dropped into the reaction vessel for 4 hours. After completion of dropping, the mixture was further stirred at 82 ° C. for 2 hours and then cooled to 40 ° C. to obtain an acrylic copolymer emulsion (A-1) having an average particle diameter of 150 nm and a solid content of 50%. The acrylic copolymer had a glass transition temperature of 56 ° C. and a weight average molecular weight of about 200,000.
[0032]
Production Examples 2 to 4
In Production Example 1, acrylic copolymer emulsions (A-2) to (A-4) were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1, except that the monomer mixture was blended as shown in Table 1.
[0033]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004105360
[0034]
Production Example 5
A 2-liter glass reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and cooling tube was charged with 300 parts of deionized water and 1 part of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and the air inside was replaced with nitrogen. The temperature was raised to 82 ° C. to dissolve. In a separate container, add 320 parts of deionized water, 20 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 1 part of ammonium persulfate and stir well to foam, in which 280 parts of styrene, 40 parts of n-butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl A monomer mixture consisting of 60 parts of methacrylate and 20 parts of acrylic acid was added and stirred to make an emulsion, and the emulsion was continuously dropped into the reaction vessel over 2 hours. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was aged at the same temperature for 30 minutes, and 160 parts of deionized water, 20 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 1 part of ammonium persulfate were added in a separate container, and 200 parts of styrene, n- An emulsion prepared by adding and stirring a monomer mixture consisting of 80 parts of butyl acrylate, 100 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 20 parts of acrylic acid was continuously added dropwise over 2 hours. After completion of dropping, the mixture was aged at the same temperature for 2 hours and then cooled to 40 ° C. to obtain an acrylic copolymer emulsion (A-5) having an average particle diameter of 150 nm and a solid content of 50%. The acrylic copolymer had a glass transition temperature of 56.5 ° C. and a weight average molecular weight of about 200,000.
[0035]
Production Examples 6 and 7
In Production Example 5, acrylic copolymer emulsions (A-6) and (A-7) were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 5 except that the monomer mixture was blended as shown in Table 2.
[0036]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004105360
[0037]
Creating <br/> 100 parts deionized water pigment paste, titanium white ( "JR701", manufactured by Tayca Corporation) 43 parts of carbon black ( "MA-7", manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), 2.5 parts of talc ( 99 parts of “Talc SSS” (manufactured by Nippon Talc), 25.5 parts of rust preventive pigment (“K-WHITE 140W”, manufactured by Teica) and 4.5 parts of dispersant (“BYK181”, manufactured by BYK Chemie) are added. The mixture was stirred and mixed with a disper for 15 minutes, and further dispersed in a sand mill for 30 minutes. The obtained pigment paste had a particle gauge of 20 μm or less.
[0038]
Preparation of aqueous two-component primer surfacer Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3
In the formulation shown in Table 3, each acrylic copolymer emulsion and butyl cellosolve obtained above were stirred for 30 minutes, then the pigment paste was added and stirring was continued for another hour. Add rust inhibitor (Note 1), preservative (Note 2), and defoamer (Note 3) in this order, and adjust with triethylamine so that the pH of the paint is 8.0. Subsequently, each main agent was prepared.
[0039]
An appropriate amount of dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether was added to “Bayhydr 3100” (manufactured by Bayer, water-dispersible polyisocyanate, NCO content: 17.2%), and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to prepare a crosslinking agent having a solid content of 80%.
[0040]
The main agent and the crosslinking agent prepared as described above were mixed in the formulation shown in Table 3 (NCO / OH equivalent ratio = 1.5), stirred at 500 rpm for 10 minutes, then 30 parts of deionized water was added, and further 10 minutes Each two-component primer surfacer was prepared by stirring and subjected to a lower performance test.
(Note 1) Rust preventive: “Luston RP” (Daiichi Sangyo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
(Note 2) Preservative: “Dell Top 33” (manufactured by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited)
(Note 3) Antifoaming agent: “BYK024” (by Big Chemie)
Performance test 300 × 100 × 0.8 mm mild steel plate is polished with # 240 paper, and the primer surfacer of Examples and Comparative Examples is spray-coated to a dry film thickness of 60 to 70 μm, and at 60 ° C. After drying for 30 minutes, it was water-polished with # 400 paper. On top of that, “PG2K metallic base No. 123” (manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., urethane curable base coat paint) is spray-coated to a dry film thickness of 15 μm, left to stand for 10 minutes, and forcedly dried at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes. Next, “PG2K M Clear” (manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., urethane-cured clear paint) was spray-coated to a dry film thickness of 50 μm and forcedly dried at 60 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain each test coated plate. Each obtained test coating board was used for the following performance test. The results are shown in Table 3.
(* 1) Film-forming property: The film-forming property of the coating film was visually evaluated after primer surfacer coating. (○: Good, △: Partial cracking, × Full cracking)
(* 2) Abrasiveness: Evaluated by the presence or absence of clogging of paper when water-polished with # 400 paper after primer surfacer coating. (○: Good without clogging, △: Some clogging, ×: Clogging)
(* 3) Adhesion: After each test coating plate was immersed in clean water at 20 ° C. for 7 days and taken out, the coated film was cross-cut so as to reach the substrate, and an adhesive cellophane tape was applied to the coated surface to strongly peel it off. The subsequent coating surface was evaluated. (○: No peeling, △: Partial peeling, ×: Full peeling)
(* 4) Water resistance: Each test coating plate was immersed in a constant temperature water bath at 40 ° C. for 10 days and then taken out, and the state of the coating film after standing for 1 hour was visually evaluated. (○: No abnormality, ×: There is a glossy or bulge)
(* 5) Solvent resistance: After primer surfacer coating, 0.5 ml of xylol was dropped on the coated surface, allowed to stand for 10 minutes, then wiped off xylol, and the softened state of the coating film was evaluated. (○: No abnormality, △: Slightly softened, ×: Severe softening)
(* 6) Top coat finish: The finish of each test coating was visually observed. (○: Good, ×: Chijimi occurs)
[0041]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004105360

Claims (4)

(A)(a)スチレン40〜70重量%、(b)カルボキシル基含有モノマー2〜7重量%、(c)水酸基含有モノマー10〜25重量%、及び(d)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー10〜48重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を乳化重合して得られる、共重合体のガラス転移温度が20〜70℃で重量平均分子量が5万〜50万である共重合体エマルション、(B)顔料、及び(C)ノニオン性の親水基を導入した水分散性ポリイソシアネートを主成分とし、該共重合体エマルション(A)の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して、顔料(B)を100〜250重量部含有し、このうち体質顔料を樹脂固形分100重量部に対して50〜200重量部含有することを特徴とする水性2液型下塗塗料組成物。(A) (a) 40-70 % by weight of styrene, (b) 2-7 % by weight of a carboxyl group-containing monomer, (c) 10-25 % by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, and (d) other ethylenically unsaturated monomers 10 A copolymer emulsion obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing ˜48 % by weight, a copolymer emulsion having a glass transition temperature of 20 to 70 ° C. and a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to 500,000, (B) pigment And (C) a water-dispersible polyisocyanate introduced with a nonionic hydrophilic group as a main component, and 100 to 250 parts by weight of the pigment (B) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content of the copolymer emulsion (A). An aqueous two-component undercoating composition containing 50 parts by weight of an extender pigment, based on 100 parts by weight of resin solids. 共重合体エマルション(A)が、(a)スチレン30〜80重量%、(b)カルボキシル基含有モノマー1〜10重量%、(c)水酸基含有モノマー5〜30重量%、及び(d)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー5〜64重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を乳化重合して得られる共重合体(I)をコア成分とし、これを含むエマルション中に、(e)スチレン20〜70重量%、(f)カルボキシル基含有モノマー1〜10重量%、(g)水酸基含有モノマー5〜50重量%、及び(h)その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー5〜74重量%を含有するモノマー混合物を加えて、乳化重合して得られる共重合体(II)をシェル成分とし、その固形分重量比が共重合体(I)100重量部に対して共重合体(II)が25〜400重量部とするものである請求項1記載の水性2液型下塗塗料組成物。The copolymer emulsion (A) contains (a) 30 to 80% by weight of styrene, (b) 1 to 10% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing monomer, (c) 5 to 30% by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, and (d) other A copolymer (I) obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing 5 to 64% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer is used as a core component, and (e) 20 to 70% by weight of styrene, (F) a monomer mixture containing 1 to 10% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing monomer, (g) 5 to 50% by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, and (h) 5 to 74% by weight of another ethylenically unsaturated monomer, Copolymer (II) obtained by emulsion polymerization is used as a shell component, and the solid content weight ratio is 25 to 400 parts by weight of copolymer (II) with respect to 100 parts by weight of copolymer (I). The aqueous two-component base coating composition according to claim 1. その他のエチレン性不飽和モノマー(d)として、多ビニルモノマーを含む請求項1又は2記載の水性2液型下塗塗料組成物。The aqueous two-component undercoating composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a polyvinyl monomer as the other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (d). 被塗面に請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の水性2液型下塗塗料組成物を塗装し、ついでその塗面に上塗り塗料を塗装することを特徴とする塗装方法。A coating method comprising coating the surface to be coated with the aqueous two-component base coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and then coating a top coating on the coated surface.
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