JP4105126B2 - 3-phase AC generator - Google Patents

3-phase AC generator Download PDF

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JP4105126B2
JP4105126B2 JP2004185068A JP2004185068A JP4105126B2 JP 4105126 B2 JP4105126 B2 JP 4105126B2 JP 2004185068 A JP2004185068 A JP 2004185068A JP 2004185068 A JP2004185068 A JP 2004185068A JP 4105126 B2 JP4105126 B2 JP 4105126B2
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JP2006014432A (en
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永 隆 法 吉
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デンヨー株式会社
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Description

本発明は、３相交流発電機に係り、とくに３相交流出力と単相交流出力とを切換出力するものに関する。   The present invention relates to a three-phase AC generator, and more particularly to one that switches between a three-phase AC output and a single-phase AC output.

可搬形発電機として汎用されているエンジン発電機は、従来、３〜５ｋＷ程度までの小容量機の場合は単相発電機で、それ以上の大容量機は３相発電機と容量別に出力相数が分れていた。   Conventionally, engine generators that have been widely used as portable generators are single-phase generators for small-capacity generators of up to 3 to 5 kW, and large-capacity generators that have more capacity than three-phase generators. The number was known.

しかるに、近年の傾向として、単相負荷の容量が増大し、６〜４０ｋＷ程度あるいはそれ以上の単相発電機を要求されるようになっている。通常、この範囲の容量の標準仕様発電機は、３相電力を供給することを主目的としており、小容量の補助単相出力は装備しているものの、主出力として単相電力を出力することはできない。   However, as a recent trend, the capacity of a single-phase load has increased, and a single-phase generator of about 6 to 40 kW or more has been required. Normally, standard generators with capacities in this range are mainly intended to supply three-phase power and are equipped with small-capacity auxiliary single-phase output, but output single-phase power as the main output. I can't.

そこで、特許文献１の図５に示すように、各相に２組ずつある電機子巻線の接続を変更して３相出力および単相出力を切換出力するもの（図では、その１相分だけが示されている。）がある。切換には、多段の接点を持つ切換スイッチ(カムスイッチ)を使用する。このスイッチは、市販の三段切換式カムスイッチであり、２２個の接点を持っている。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1, the connection of two sets of armature windings for each phase is changed to switch and output a three-phase output and a single-phase output (in the figure, the one-phase portion). Only is shown.) A changeover switch (cam switch) having multi-stage contacts is used for the changeover. This switch is a commercially available three-stage switching cam switch and has 22 contacts.

図６は、同文献１の図５を描き直したもので、３相中の１相分の接続状態を示しており、３相すべてについての接続を示すと図７に示す通りとなる。そして、図７に示された接点のうち補助電源に使用している接点および制御用に使用している接点を除くと、図８に示すように２２接点中の１３接点が電圧切換のために必要であることが分る。   FIG. 6 is a redraw of FIG. 5 of the document 1, showing the connection state for one phase among the three phases. The connection for all three phases is shown in FIG. When the contacts used for the auxiliary power source and the contacts used for control are excluded from the contacts shown in FIG. 7, 13 of the 22 contacts are used for voltage switching as shown in FIG. It turns out that it is necessary.

このカムスイッチは、３段切換で、(a)各相２組の電機子巻線を直列接続した場合の３相400V出力、(b)各相２組の電機子巻線を並列接続した場合の３相200V出力、(c)V結線(ジグザグ結線)の単相3線出力と3種類の切換を行うものである。これを、市場で最も必要とされている(b)および(c)の2種類だけに限定すると、図９に示すように最終的に10個の接点が必要であることが分る。   This cam switch is three-stage switching, (a) 3-phase 400V output when two sets of armature windings are connected in series, (b) When two sets of armature windings are connected in parallel Three-phase 200V output, (c) V-connection (zigzag connection) single-phase three-wire output, and three types of switching. If this is limited to only two types (b) and (c) that are most required in the market, it will be understood that ten contacts are finally required as shown in FIG.

ここで、例えば４０ｋＷの単相3線100V/200V出力とすると、定格電流は200Aとなる。しかし、カムスイッチで２００Ａ定格の１０個の接点を有するとなると、大型でスペースが嵩みコスト高となり、使い難い。   Here, for example, assuming a 40 kW single-phase three-wire 100V / 200V output, the rated current is 200A. However, if the cam switch has 10 contacts rated at 200A, it is large and space is high, making it difficult to use.

そして、例えば特許文献２の図３、図４に示すように、中継板を設けて４本の配線の接続変更で電圧切換を行うことも考えられる。
特開2001-57764号公報 特開2003-333814号公報 For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 of Patent Document 2, it is also possible to provide a relay plate and perform voltage switching by changing the connection of four wires.
JP 2001-57764 A JP2003-333814A

特許文献２に示したような作業を行うと配線間違いが起き易く、希望の電圧が得られないとか、ときには発電機の焼損に到る場合もある。しかもユーザには不具合の原因が接続間違いと直ちに分らないことが多く、無用の混乱および損害を与えることになる。   When an operation such as that shown in Patent Document 2 is performed, a wiring mistake is likely to occur, and a desired voltage cannot be obtained, or sometimes the generator is burned out. Moreover, the user often does not immediately know the cause of the failure as a connection error, causing unnecessary confusion and damage.

本発明は上述の点を考慮してなされたもので、簡単に間違いなく接続変更ができる3相交流発電機を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described points, and an object thereof is to provide a three-phase AC generator that can easily and definitely change the connection.

上記目的達成のため、本発明では、
３相の電機子巻線を有する３相交流発電機であって、前記電機子巻線それぞれの口出し線をＵ相はＵ，Ｘ、Ｖ相はＶ，Ｙ、Ｗ相はＷ，Ｚとし、前記口出し線を用いた前記電機子巻線の接続替えにより３相または単相の出力電圧を生じる３相交流発電機において、４個の切換端子を有し、前記口出し線Ｘ，Ｙが接続される第１の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｚが接続される第２の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｖが接続される第３の切換端子、および第４の切換端子を有し、これら４つの切換端子が順番に等間隔で一列に配置された電圧切換板と、前記電圧切換板における前記切換端子間に接続される２つの接続板とをそなえ、前記接続板の一方によって前記第１および第２の切換端子間を、また前記接続板の他方によって前記第３および第４の切換端子間を短絡することにより３相交流出力を生じ、前記２つの接続板により前記第２および第３の切換端子間を短絡することにより単相３線出力を生じることを特徴とする３相交流発電機、および
３相の電機子巻線それぞれの両端に口出し線を有する３相交流発電機であって、前記電機子巻線それぞれの口出し線をＵ相はＵ，Ｘ，Ｖ相はＶ，Ｙ，Ｗ相はＷ，Ｚとし、前記口出し線を用いた前記電機子巻線の接続替えにより３相または単相の出力電圧を生じる３相交流発電機において、６個の切換端子を有し、前記口出し線Ｘ，Ｙが接続される第１の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｚが接続される第２の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｖが接続される第３の切換端子、Ｖ相中継用の第４の切換端子、前記第３の切換端子に接続された第５の切換端子および前記第２の切換端子に接続された第６の切換端子を有し、前記第１ないし第６の切換端子が３行２列または２行３列の関係に整列配置された電圧切換板と、前記電圧切換板における２行２列の関係に整列配置された４つの切換端子間に接続される２つの短絡板を絶縁体で連結してなる接続板とをそなえ、前記接続板を前記第１、第２、第４および第５の切換端子に接続することにより３相交流出力を生じ、また前記第２、第３、第５および第６の切換端子に接続することにより単相３線出力を生じることを特徴とする３相交流発電機、
を提供するものである。 In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention,
A three-phase AC generator having a three-phase armature winding, wherein the lead wire of each of the armature windings is U, X, V phase is V, Y, W phase is W, Z, In a three-phase AC generator that generates a three-phase or single-phase output voltage by changing the connection of the armature winding using the lead wire, the lead wire X, Y is connected to the four-phase AC generator. A first switching terminal, a second switching terminal to which the lead wire Z is connected, a third switching terminal to which the lead wire V is connected, and a fourth switching terminal, and these four switching terminals. Are arranged in a line at equal intervals in sequence, and two connection plates connected between the switching terminals of the voltage switching plate, and the first and second are connected by one of the connection plates. The third and fourth switching terminals between the switching terminals and by the other of the connecting plates A three-phase AC generator that generates a three-phase AC output by short-circuiting and a single-phase three-wire output by short-circuiting the second and third switching terminals by the two connection plates And a three-phase AC generator having lead wires at both ends of each of the three-phase armature windings, wherein the lead wires of each of the armature windings are U, X, and V phases are V, Y, In the three-phase AC generator that generates a three-phase or single-phase output voltage by changing the connection of the armature winding using the lead wire, the W-phase has W and Z, and has six switching terminals. A first switching terminal to which the lead wires X and Y are connected, a second switching terminal to which the lead wire Z is connected, a third switching terminal to which the lead wire V is connected, a fourth for V-phase relay Switching terminal, a fifth switching terminal connected to the third switching terminal, and the fifth switching terminal A voltage switching plate having a sixth switching terminal connected to the switching terminal, wherein the first to sixth switching terminals are arranged in a 3 × 2 or 2 × 3 relationship, and the voltage switching A connection plate formed by connecting two short-circuit plates connected between four switching terminals arranged in a two-row and two-column relationship on the plate with an insulator, and the connection plate is connected to the first and second connection plates. Connecting to the fourth and fifth switching terminals produces a three-phase AC output, and connecting to the second, third, fifth and sixth switching terminals produces a single-phase three-wire output. A three-phase AC generator, characterized by
Is to provide.

本発明は上述のように、４つの整列配置された切換端子を有する電圧切換板に対して２つの接続板を各別に外側に配することにより３相出力、両者を中央に重ねて配することにより単相出力という切換を行うため、電圧切換板上の接続板の状態で視覚的に出力状態を明確に把握することができ、接続間違いを防止することができる。   In the present invention, as described above, the three switching outputs are arranged on the center by arranging the two connection plates on the outside separately from the voltage switching plate having the four arranged switching terminals. Thus, the single-phase output is switched, so that the output state can be clearly grasped visually in the state of the connection plate on the voltage switching plate, and a connection error can be prevented.

また、６つの整列配置された切換端子を有する電圧切換板に対して、２枚の短絡板を絶縁ハンドルで連結してなる接続板の接続位置を切り換えることにより３相出力と単相出力との切換を行うため、正規の位置以外では接続板を取り付けできず、接続間違いを防止することができる。   In addition, by switching the connection position of a connection plate formed by connecting two short-circuit plates with an insulating handle to a voltage switching plate having six aligned switching terminals, a three-phase output and a single-phase output are switched. Since the switching is performed, the connection plate cannot be attached except in the normal position, and a connection error can be prevented.

以下、図１ないし図５を参照して本発明の実施例を説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

図１(a)ないし(d)は、本発明の一実施例における電圧切換板、切換端子、接続板の状態および発電機の電機子巻線を示すもので、図１(a)は３相出力時、図１(b)は単相出力時、図１(c)は切換端子の側面図、図１(d)は図１(a),(b)に示された切換端子に接続される巻線の口出し線を示している。   FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d) show the state of the voltage switching plate, the switching terminal and the connecting plate and the armature winding of the generator in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. At the time of output, Fig. 1 (b) is for single phase output, Fig. 1 (c) is a side view of the switching terminal, and Fig. 1 (d) is connected to the switching terminal shown in Figs. 1 (a) and 1 (b). The lead wire of the winding is shown.

発電機の電機子巻線は、Ｕ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相がそれぞれ１巻線で構成されているものと、図１(d)に示すように、Ｕ，Ｖ，Ｗ各相がそれぞれ２巻線ずつで構成されているものとがあるが、ここでは２巻線ずつで構成されている実施例を示す。Ｕ相の２巻線は口出し線Ｕ１，Ｘ１およびＵ２，Ｘ２を有し、Ｖ相の２巻線は口出し線Ｖ１，Ｙ１およびＶ２，Ｙ２を有し、Ｗ相の２巻線は口出し線Ｗ１，Ｚ１およびＷ２，Ｚ２を有する。   As for the armature winding of the generator, each of the U, V, and W phases is composed of one winding, and as shown in FIG. 1 (d), each of the U, V, and W phases is wound twice. There are some which are constituted by lines, but here, an embodiment constituted by two windings is shown. Two U-phase windings have lead wires U1, X1 and U2, X2, two V-phase windings have lead wires V1, Y1 and V2, Y2, and two W-phase windings have lead wires W1. , Z1 and W2, Z2.

これら各巻線の口出し線が、電圧切換板１０の切換端子１１〜１４のうち１１〜１３に接続される。切換端子１１には、Ｕ相巻線の口出し線Ｘ１，Ｘ２およびＶ相巻線の口出し線Ｙ１，Ｙ２が接続され、切換端子１２には、Ｗ相巻線の口出し線Ｚ１，Ｚ２が接続され、切換端子１３には、Ｖ相巻線の口出し線Ｖ１，Ｖ２が接続されている。   The lead wires of these windings are connected to 11 to 13 among the switching terminals 11 to 14 of the voltage switching plate 10. The switching terminal 11 is connected to the lead wires X1, X2 of the U-phase winding and the lead wires Y1, Y2 of the V-phase winding, and the switching terminal 12 is connected to the lead wires Z1, Z2 of the W-phase winding. The switching terminal 13 is connected to lead wires V1 and V2 of the V-phase winding.

そして、電圧切換板１０の切換端子１１〜１４に対して接続板２１，２２を接続することにより、出力状態を切り換える。すなわち、図１(a)に示すように、切換端子１１，１２に接続板２１を接続し、切換端子１３，１４に接続板２２を接続して外側の切換端子が接続された状態とすると、３相出力状態となる。また、図１(b)に示すように、切換端子１２，１３に接続板２１，２２を重ねて接続し内側の切換端子が接続された状態とすると、単相出力になる。   The output state is switched by connecting the connection plates 21 and 22 to the switching terminals 11 to 14 of the voltage switching plate 10. That is, as shown in FIG. 1A, when the connection plate 21 is connected to the switching terminals 11 and 12, the connection plate 22 is connected to the switching terminals 13 and 14, and the outer switching terminal is connected, It becomes a three-phase output state. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the connection plates 21 and 22 are overlapped and connected to the switching terminals 12 and 13 and the inner switching terminal is connected, a single-phase output is obtained.

これら２態様以外の接続、つまり誤接続がなされることは、防止される。すなわち、接続板２１，２２を用いるのであるから、(i)４端子中の２端子間２箇所に接続板２１，２２を接続するか、(ii)２端子間１箇所に両接続板２１，２２を接続することになる。
(i)２端子間２箇所に接続板２１，２２を誤接続する態様としては、切換端子１１−１２間および１２-１３間を接続する場合と、切換端子１２-１３間および１３-１４間を接続する場合とがある。 Connections other than these two modes, that is, erroneous connections are prevented. That is, since the connection plates 21 and 22 are used, (i) the connection plates 21 and 22 are connected to two locations between the two terminals in the four terminals, or (ii) both the connection plates 21 and 21 are connected to one location between the two terminals. 22 will be connected.
(i) The connection plates 21 and 22 are misconnected at two locations between two terminals in the case of connecting between the switching terminals 11-12 and 12-13, and between the switching terminals 12-13 and 13-14. May be connected.

例えば、切換端子１１-１２間および１２-１３間を接続すると、切換端子１２では２枚の接続板２１，２２が重なっているが、他の切換端子１１，１３では１枚の接続板だけとなる。   For example, when the switching terminals 11-12 and 12-13 are connected, two connection plates 21 and 22 are overlapped at the switching terminal 12, but only one connection plate is connected at the other switching terminals 11 and 13. Become.

この結果、接続板の配置が非対称になることで誤接続が視覚的に分る上に、接続板の一方が上側に配された切換端子では、接続板が端子から浮いた状態になり、作業員は直ちに誤接続に気付く。   As a result, the connection plate is asymmetrical so that the erroneous connection can be visually recognized, and at the switching terminal on which one of the connection plates is arranged on the upper side, the connection plate floats from the terminal. The worker immediately notices the incorrect connection.

(ii)２端子間１箇所に両接続板２１，２２を誤接続する態様としては、切換端子１１−１２間または切換端子１３−１４間に接続板２１，２２を重ねて配する場合である。   (ii) A mode in which the two connection plates 21 and 22 are erroneously connected at one place between the two terminals is a case where the connection plates 21 and 22 are arranged in an overlapping manner between the switching terminals 11-12 or the switching terminals 13-14. .

この結果、接続板の配置が非対称になることで誤接続であることが視覚的に分る。   As a result, it is visually recognized that the connection plate is erroneously connected due to asymmetric arrangement.

図２(a)，(b)は、図１(a)の接続状態における電機子巻線の結線状態、およびその結線状態を示すために電圧検出手段としてのリレーを設ける構成例を示している。図２(a)に示すように、口出し線Ｕ１，Ｕ２はブレーカＣＢを介して出力端子Ｕに接続され、口出し線Ｖ１，Ｖ２は接続板２２およびブレーカＣＢを介して出力端子Ｖに接続され、口出し線Ｗ１，Ｗ２はブレーカＣＢを介して出力端子Ｗに接続されている。   2 (a) and 2 (b) show a configuration example in which the armature winding is connected in the connected state shown in FIG. 1 (a), and a relay is provided as a voltage detecting means to show the connected state. . As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the lead wires U1, U2 are connected to the output terminal U via the breaker CB, and the lead wires V1, V2 are connected to the output terminal V via the connection plate 22 and the breaker CB. The lead wires W1, W2 are connected to the output terminal W via the breaker CB.

そして、接続板２１によって切換端子１１と１２とを接続すると、口出し線Ｘ１，Ｘ２，Ｙ１，Ｙ２，Ｚ１，Ｚ２が相互接続されて中性点を形成し、また、接続板２２によって切換端子１３と１４とを接続すると、３相出力のための結線状態となる。ここで、切換端子１２，１３間にリレーコイルＲを接続すると、このリレーコイルＲに電圧が加わる結線でもある。   When the switching terminals 11 and 12 are connected by the connecting plate 21, the lead wires X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, and Z2 are interconnected to form a neutral point, and the switching plate 13 is connected by the connecting plate 22. And 14 are connected, a connection state for a three-phase output is obtained. Here, when the relay coil R is connected between the switching terminals 12 and 13, it is also a connection in which a voltage is applied to the relay coil R.

図２(b)は、口出し線が接続された切換端子１１〜１４の対外接続関係を示したものである。切換端子１１はスター結線の中性点であり、出力端子「０」に接続され、切換端子１２，１３間にリレーコイルＲが接続され、切換端子１４は図２(a)に示したようにブレーカＣＢを介して出力端子「Ｖ」に接続される。これにより、発電機の出力時は、リレーコイルＲが付勢され、３相出力状態であることを示す。   FIG. 2B shows the external connection relationship of the switching terminals 11 to 14 to which the lead wires are connected. The switching terminal 11 is the neutral point of the star connection, is connected to the output terminal “0”, the relay coil R is connected between the switching terminals 12 and 13, and the switching terminal 14 is as shown in FIG. 2 (a). It is connected to the output terminal “V” via the breaker CB. Thereby, at the time of output of a generator, relay coil R is energized and shows that it is in a three-phase output state.

図３(a)は、図１(b)の接続状態における電機子巻線の結線状態、およびその結線状態を示すためにリレーを設ける構成例を示している。図２(a)に示すように、口出し線Ｕ１，Ｕ２はブレーカＣＢを介して出力端子Ｕに接続され、口出し線Ｖ１，Ｖ２およびＺ１，Ｚ２は接続板２１，２２により相互接続され、口出し線Ｗ１，Ｗ２はブレーカＣＢを介して出力端子Ｗに接続されている。この場合、単相出力であるから出力端子Ｖは空き端子となる。   FIG. 3A shows an example of a configuration in which a relay is provided in order to show the connection state of the armature winding in the connection state of FIG. 1B and the connection state thereof. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the lead wires U1, U2 are connected to the output terminal U via the breaker CB, and the lead wires V1, V2 and Z1, Z2 are interconnected by the connecting plates 21, 22, W1 and W2 are connected to the output terminal W through the breaker CB. In this case, since it is a single phase output, the output terminal V becomes an empty terminal.

このとき、切換端子１２，１３間に接続されたリレーコイルＲは、接続板２１，２２により短絡されており、付勢されない結線状態である。リレーコイルＲが付勢されないときは単相出力状態である。   At this time, the relay coil R connected between the switching terminals 12 and 13 is short-circuited by the connection plates 21 and 22 and is in a connection state in which it is not energized. When the relay coil R is not energized, it is in a single-phase output state.

上記実施例におけるリレーコイルＲは、ランプに置き換えて点灯で３相出力、消灯で単相出力としてもよいし、発電機制御回路の電圧判定回路に接続するようにしてもよい。   The relay coil R in the above embodiment may be replaced with a lamp, and may be a three-phase output when turned on, a single-phase output when turned off, or may be connected to a voltage determination circuit of a generator control circuit.

図４(a),(b)は、本発明の他の実施例における切換端子の構成および短絡板を用いたその接続切換を示したものである。   4 (a) and 4 (b) show the configuration of the switching terminal and the connection switching using a short-circuit plate in another embodiment of the present invention.

この実施例では、切換端子数を６とし、これら端子を縦２×横３の整列配置とし、横方向の２つの短絡板Ｓ１，Ｓ２を絶縁ハンドルＨで連結した接続板２０の位置を横方向にスライドさせて替えることにより、３相出力(図４(a))と単相出力（図４(b)）との接続切換を行うようにしている。切換端子の配列は、例えば縦方向を横方向よりも少し長くしておけば、接続板２０の向きが変わると接続できなくなり、誤接続を防止できる。   In this embodiment, the number of switching terminals is set to 6, these terminals are arranged in an arrangement of 2 × 3 in the horizontal direction, and the position of the connecting plate 20 in which the two short-circuit plates S1 and S2 in the horizontal direction are connected by the insulating handle H is set in the horizontal direction. By switching to, the connection switching between the three-phase output (FIG. 4 (a)) and the single-phase output (FIG. 4 (b)) is performed. For example, if the switching terminals are arranged with the vertical direction slightly longer than the horizontal direction, connection cannot be established when the orientation of the connecting plate 20 changes, and erroneous connection can be prevented.

このために、切換端子は、上段を(1)Ｕ相巻線の口出し線Ｘ１，Ｘ２およびＶ相巻線の口出し線Ｙ１，Ｙ２を接続したもの、(2)Ｗ相の口出し線Ｚ１，Ｚ２を接続したもの、(3)Ｖ相の口出し線ＶＩ，Ｖ２を接続したもの、とし、下段を(1’)Ｖ相出力端子Ｖに接続するもの、(2’)Ｖ相の口出し線ＶＩ，Ｖ２を接続したもの、(3’)Ｗ相の口出し線Ｚ１，Ｚ２を接続したもの、とする。   For this purpose, the switching terminal is connected to the upper stage of (1) U-phase winding lead wires X1 and X2 and V-phase winding lead wires Y1 and Y2, and (2) W-phase lead wires Z1 and Z2. (3) V-phase lead wires VI and V2 are connected, and the lower stage is connected to (1 ') V-phase output terminal V, (2') V-phase lead wires VI, It is assumed that V2 is connected and (3 ′) W-phase lead wires Z1 and Z2 are connected.

図５(a),(b)は、図４の実施例に用いる接続板２０の構成を示した平面図および側面図である。この図５に示すように、それぞれ切換端子板１０における切換端子の配置に合わせて２つの端子への差込穴を有する短絡板Ｓ１，Ｓ２の中央部を絶縁ハンドルＨで連結してなり、平面形状がＨ字状に形成されている。   FIGS. 5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view showing the configuration of the connection plate 20 used in the embodiment of FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the center portions of the short-circuit plates S1 and S2 having insertion holes for two terminals in accordance with the arrangement of the switching terminals in the switching terminal plate 10 are connected by an insulating handle H, respectively. The shape is formed in an H shape.

この接続板２０の絶縁ハンドルＨを持ち、切換端子板１０における６個の端子中の左側４端子に接続すれば３相出力状態にでき、右側４端子に接続すれば単相出力状態にできる。   By holding the insulating handle H of the connecting plate 20 and connecting it to the left four terminals among the six terminals of the switching terminal plate 10, it can be set to the three-phase output state, and connecting to the right four terminals can be set to the single-phase output state.

図１は本発明の第１の実施例を示したもので、図１(a)は３相出力時における切換端子板の切換端子に対する接続板の接続状態を示す説明図、図１(b)は単相出力時における同様の説明図、図１(c)は切換端子の側面図、図１(d)は発電機巻線の端子構成の説明図。FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is an explanatory view showing the connection state of the connection plate to the switching terminal of the switching terminal plate at the time of three-phase output, and FIG. 1 (b). Is a similar explanatory diagram at the time of single-phase output, FIG. 1 (c) is a side view of a switching terminal, and FIG. 1 (d) is an explanatory diagram of a terminal configuration of a generator winding. 図２(a)は３相出力時の巻線接続図、図２(b)は３相出力時の切換端子板周りの説明図。2 (a) is a winding connection diagram at the time of three-phase output, and FIG. 2 (b) is an explanatory diagram around the switching terminal plate at the time of three-phase output. 図３(a)は単相出力時の巻線接続図、図３(b)は単相出力時の切換端子板周りの説明図。3 (a) is a winding connection diagram at the time of single-phase output, and FIG. 3 (b) is an explanatory view around the switching terminal plate at the time of single-phase output. 図４は本発明の第２の実施例を示したもので、図４(a)は３相出力時における切換端子板の切換端子に対する接続板の接続状態を示す説明図、図４(b)は単相出力時における同様の説明図。FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 (a) is an explanatory diagram showing the connection state of the connection plate to the switching terminal of the switching terminal plate at the time of three-phase output, and FIG. 4 (b). Is a similar explanatory diagram during single-phase output. 図５(a)は図４の実施例に用いる接続板の平面図、図５(b)は同じく側面図。FIG. 5A is a plan view of a connection plate used in the embodiment of FIG. 4, and FIG. 従来のカムスイッチによる出力切換装置における単相分の接続説明図。The connection explanatory view for the single phase in the output switching device by the conventional cam switch. 図６に示した接続説明を３相全体に広げた接続説明図。The connection explanatory view which extended the connection description shown in FIG. 6 to the whole three phases. 図７の接続状態から補助電源に使用している接点および制御用に使用している接点を除いた状態を示す接続説明図。The connection explanatory drawing which shows the state which remove | excluded the contact currently used for the auxiliary power supply, and the contact currently used for control from the connection state of FIG. 図８の接続状態をさらに電機子巻線を並列接続した場合の３相２００Ｖ出力および単相３線出力の２種類に絞った場合の接続説明図。FIG. 9 is a connection explanatory diagram when the connection state of FIG. 8 is further limited to two types of three-phase 200 V output and single-phase three-wire output when armature windings are connected in parallel.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 切換端子板、１１〜１４ 切換端子、２０，２１，２２ 接続板、
Ｈ 絶縁ハンドル、Ｒ リレーコイル、Ｓ 短絡板、
Ｕ，Ｖ，Ｗ，Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚ 口出し線。 10 switching terminal plate, 11-14 switching terminal, 20, 21, 22 connecting plate,
H Insulation handle, R relay coil, S short-circuit plate,
U, V, W, X, Y, Z Lead wire.

Claims (4)

３相の電機子巻線それぞれの両端に口出し線を有する３相交流発電機であって、前記電機子巻線それぞれの口出し線をＵ相はＵ，Ｘ、Ｖ相はＶ，Ｙ、Ｗ相はＷ，Ｚとし、前記口出し線を用いた前記電機子巻線の接続替えにより３相または単相の出力電圧を生じる３相交流発電機において、
４個の切換端子を有し、前記口出し線Ｘ，Ｙが接続される第１の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｚが接続される第２の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｖが接続される第３の切換端子、および第４の切換端子を有し、これら４つの切換端子が順番に等間隔で一列に配置された電圧切換板と、
前記電圧切換板における前記切換端子間に接続される２つの接続板とをそなえ、
前記接続板の一方によって前記第１および第２の切換端子間を、また前記接続板の他方によって前記第３および第４の切換端子間を短絡することにより３相交流出力を生じ、前記２つの接続板により前記第２および第３の切換端子間を短絡することにより単相３線出力を生じることを特徴とする３相交流発電機。 A three-phase AC generator having lead wires at both ends of each of the three-phase armature windings, wherein the lead wires of each of the armature windings are U, X, V phases are V, Y, W phases. In a three-phase AC generator that generates a three-phase or single-phase output voltage by changing the connection of the armature winding using the lead wire,
A first switching terminal to which the lead wires X and Y are connected; a second switching terminal to which the lead wire Z is connected; and a third switching terminal to which the lead wire V is connected. A voltage switching plate having a switching terminal and a fourth switching terminal, wherein these four switching terminals are arranged in a line at equal intervals in order;
Including two connection plates connected between the switching terminals of the voltage switching plate;
A short circuit between the first and second switching terminals by one of the connection plates, and a short circuit between the third and fourth switching terminals by the other of the connection plates, thereby generating a three-phase AC output. A three-phase AC generator, wherein a single-phase three-wire output is generated by short-circuiting the second and third switching terminals by a connection plate. 請求項１記載の３相交流発電機において、
前記第２および第３の切換端子間に、電圧検出手段を接続したことを特徴とする３相交流発電機。 The three-phase AC generator according to claim 1,
A three-phase AC generator, wherein voltage detecting means is connected between the second and third switching terminals. ３相の電機子巻線それぞれの両端に口出し線を有する３相交流発電機であって、前記電機子巻線それぞれの口出し線をＵ相はＵ，Ｘ，Ｖ相はＶ，Ｙ，Ｗ相はＷ，Ｚとし、前記口出し線を用いた前記電機子巻線の接続替えにより３相または単相の出力電圧を生じる３相交流発電機において、
６個の切換端子を有し、前記口出し線Ｘ，Ｙが接続される第１の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｚが接続される第２の切換端子、前記口出し線Ｖが接続される第３の切換端子、Ｖ相中継用の第４の切換端子、前記第３の切換端子に接続された第５の切換端子および前記第２の切換端子に接続された第６の切換端子を有し、前記第１ないし第６の切換端子が３行２列または２行３列の関係に整列配置された電圧切換板と、
前記電圧切換板における２行２列の関係に整列配置された４つの切換端子間に接続される２つの短絡板を絶縁体で連結してなる接続板とをそなえ、
前記接続板を前記第１、第２、第４および第５の切換端子に接続することにより３相交流出力を生じ、また前記第２、第３、第５および第６の切換端子に接続することにより単相３線出力を生じることを特徴とする３相交流発電機。 A three-phase AC generator having lead wires at both ends of each of the three-phase armature windings, wherein the lead wires of each of the armature windings are U, X, and V phases are V, Y, and W phases, respectively. In a three-phase AC generator that generates a three-phase or single-phase output voltage by changing the connection of the armature winding using the lead wire,
A first switching terminal to which the lead wires X and Y are connected; a second switching terminal to which the lead wire Z is connected; and a third switching terminal to which the lead wire V is connected. A switching terminal, a fourth switching terminal for V-phase relay, a fifth switching terminal connected to the third switching terminal, and a sixth switching terminal connected to the second switching terminal, A voltage switching plate in which the first to sixth switching terminals are arranged in a 3 × 2 or 2 × 3 relationship;
A connection plate formed by connecting two short-circuit plates connected between four switching terminals arranged in a two-row, two-column relationship in the voltage switching plate with an insulator;
Connecting the connecting plate to the first, second, fourth, and fifth switching terminals produces a three-phase AC output, and connects to the second, third, fifth, and sixth switching terminals. To produce a single-phase three-wire output. 請求項３記載の３相交流発電機において、
前記第２および第５または第３および第６の端子間に、電圧検出手段を接続したことを特徴とする３相交流発電機。 The three-phase AC generator according to claim 3,
A voltage detector is connected between the second and fifth or third and sixth terminals.
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