JP4094130B2 - Ventilation building - Google Patents

Ventilation building Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4094130B2
JP4094130B2 JP21180498A JP21180498A JP4094130B2 JP 4094130 B2 JP4094130 B2 JP 4094130B2 JP 21180498 A JP21180498 A JP 21180498A JP 21180498 A JP21180498 A JP 21180498A JP 4094130 B2 JP4094130 B2 JP 4094130B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ventilation
building
louver
plate
support plate
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP21180498A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000027391A (en
Inventor
田 昌 二 岡
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株式会社タニタハウジングウェア
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は屋根裏や小屋裏などの空気を外部に逃がす換気棟に関するものである

【0002】
【従来の技術】
本発明の対象である換気棟は、小屋裏や屋根裏などの空気を外気と入れ替えて夏の熱気や湿気を取り除くために施工するものである。
従来より建物の換気は、切妻屋根などでは妻側端面のかべに通気孔などを形成して行うものがあったが、近年の洋風住宅に多く見られる寄棟形式の屋根では妻部分が無く、このような屋根形状では棟頂部に換気構造が必要となる。
この換気棟を通じて小屋裏や屋根裏の換気を行うものであるが、棟から排気される空気の補充は通常軒先などから取り入れられる。
【0003】
換気を行うためには小屋裏と外部を結ぶ換気口を設ける必要があり、この換気口は空気を流通させるために、その大きさは例えば天井の面積の1/1600以上が必要となる。
【0004】
このような場所に施工される換気棟は従来より種々の構造が知られ、箱形と呼ばれる高さの高いもの(特開平7−180314号)がよく知られているが、このような換気棟の条件としてはつぎのようなものが挙げられる。
【0005】
すなわち、小屋裏の内部の空気を容易に排出できる機能を有し、強風雨のときにも換気孔から内部に雨が吹き込まない等である。
これは内部の小屋裏から上昇してくるゆるやかな空気の流れは遮断する事なく、外部の正面から吹き付ける強風雨などの強い空気のながれに対しては遮断する能力の高いことが必用とある。
【0006】
この他にも屋根の頂部の目につき易い場所に施工するため、意匠的にも優れたものが要望され、高さが比較的低く施工したときにも建物全体の意匠を損なわないように考慮したものとして特開平7−279325号が知られている。
【0007】
また台風などでは場所によっては毎秒40m程度の風も吹くので、換気棟自体が風圧を避けるために高さを低くしなければならず、これらの強風と共に吹き込んでくる雨水も換気棟の奥までは入らない構造が求められる。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような従来よりの換気棟の課題として、換気能力を高めることは換気口を大きくすることであるが、これはまた外部から風雨による吹き込みの恐れも大きく、雨水の侵入も多くなり、これらを確実に防がなくてはならない。
雨水が換気棟から小屋裏などに侵入すると天井などが濡れてしまうことはもちろん、長期間にわたると換気棟本体や建物の腐食の原因にもなった。
【0009】
施工後の外観から考慮すると、棟の高さがあまり高いと換気棟が目だちすぎて建物全体の意匠を損なうことにもなり、高さは低くして換気能力の高いものが要望されていた。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記したような条件を満たすため本発明に係る換気棟は、不要な雨水の侵入を避けるため途中に空気の流路を複雑にさせて、風と一緒に吹き込んでくる雨水を内部にまで侵入させないようにしたものである。
【0011】
このため外側のルーバー部分には扉状に開いた羽根を多数配置して、空気の流路の方向を変えて複雑にすると共に流路を長くすることにより、強風などによる雨水の侵入を防止するものとした。
【0012】
【作用】
このように本発明に係る換気棟は内部の空気は排出し易く、また外部から吹き込む雨水などは完全に遮断できるものである。
その第一段階として扉状の羽根を多数設けたルーバーによって空気の流路を変えて複雑な経路を通過させており、これにより細かい雨滴の侵入も防止できるものである。
【0013】
またこのような雨滴の侵入防止構造を持っているにもかかわらず、施工したときの全体の高さは極めて低いものとなっており、屋根頂部に施工しても建物全体の意匠を損なうこともない。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を添付図面に示した一実施例により詳説する。
図1は本発明に係る換気棟Aを屋根Bの頂部に施工しキャップJを取り付けたときの斜視図を示し、図2は同じく換気棟Aの分解斜視図である。
【0015】
換気棟Aは上部に覆せる棟カバー1、およびルーバー3から構成され、棟カバー1は棟頂部13にて施工する屋根の勾配に合わせて折曲され、両側端部は下方の折曲して垂下片11およびその先端を裏面に折り返した折り返し片12が形成されている。
【0016】
長手方向の長さは本実施例では1m程度としたが、この長さは特に技術上の制約は特になく例えば2mないし3mでも可能で、換気する小屋裏の面積などを勘案してその長さを決めればよく、たとえば1mより短いものを多数接続させて施工することも可能である。
この棟カバー1の垂下片11には固定用のリベット孔14が適宜な間隔で窄設され、図示例のものでは片側に4箇所設けた。
リベット孔14は本体2のリベット孔29とルーバー3のリベット孔39を相互にネジGにて固定するものであり、従ってそれぞれの孔位置は相互に対応したものとなっている。
【0017】
この時ルーバー3の扉状部分を通して、奥の小屋裏との間には通気部Kが形成され、小屋裏からの空気の通路となっている。(図5)
【0018】
ルーバー3(図3)は本体2に裁置する裁置板36の両側端を立ち上げて支持板34及び分割板37が設けられ、この支持板34の両端縁からはそれぞれ扉状に折曲した羽根33が内方に向かって形成されている。
この羽根33は略両開き状態として相対向して2列に形成され、相対向した羽根33は換気口35どうしを横方向にずらして配置し、空気の流通経路を長くして、直線的に連通させず、強風と共に入ってくる雨滴などを途中で落下させて侵入を防ぐ構造となっている。
【0019】
支持板34と分割板37の上端は長手方向に連続して棟頂部方向に折曲されて支承板32が形成され棟カバー1の下面側に当接して支承するものである。
【0020】
またルーバー3の水下側は押圧板31が折曲され、更にその先端を下方に折曲してリベット孔39を窄設した垂下片40が設けられている。
このルーバー3は棟頂部の左右で対称構造のものを突き合わせて施工するが、この支承板32の突合せ部分に発泡ゴムのような断熱材Dが下面側より貼着して接続され、この断熱材Dによって湿気による結露を防止するものである。
この結露は小屋裏の暖かく湿った空気が上方に上がってきて、冷たい棟板部分で発生するものであるが、この空気と支承板32の直接当たる部分の温度差を断熱材Dによって少なくして結露を防ぐものである。
【0021】
また本体2の底板24の下面側にも帯状の弾性材Cが全長にわたって貼着されており、この弾性材Cは屋根面から強風と共に吹き上がって来る雨水が隙間に侵入するのを防ぐものである。
【0022】
そしてこの本体2を施工する際には、裁置板36に設けられた釘孔38(図2)にて野地板Fと固定されるものである。
【0023】
上記の如く構成される各部を屋根の頂部に施工するが、この頂部には予め空気が流通するような小屋裏や屋根裏と連続した通気部Kが形成されているが、これは屋根面頂部の野地板などを切り欠いて形成しておく。
【0024】
この頂部に本発明に係る換気棟を施工するが、ルーバー3を棟の頂部を跨ぐようにして配置し、前記釘孔38にて屋根の野地板FやタルキIに固定釘Hにて固定するものである。(図5)
この固定釘Hは屋根材Bを貫通して固定されているが、弾性材Cによって雨水の吹き込みによる水漏れの恐れはない。
また棟カバー1は側部からネジGなどにより固定すればよい。
【0025】
図5において小屋裏の内部から上昇して来る空気の流れtと、反対側の換気口から通過して来る空気の流れSは、通気部Kを通過して外部に排出されるものである。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
上記したように本発明に係る換気棟は、扉状のルーバーなどによる構造であるため強風雨などに対して従来にない種々の効果を有するものである。
【0027】
1.相互に互い違いとなる扉状のルーバーが設けてあるため、外部から吹き込む風雨に対して複雑な流路を有するようになり、雨滴などに対して十分な遮断効果が得られ、雨滴などが吹き込んで内部を濡らすようなこともない。
2.本発明による構造は、棟カバーを含めて全体の高さを低くできるため屋根の棟に設置したときにも外観を損なうことがない。
3.扉状のルーバー部分は板材が垂直に位置するため垂直方向の力に対しては極めて強く、施工時に踏むなどの重量が掛かっても破損しないものである。
4.本発明の換気棟はその構造も簡易なためコスト的にも有利であり、大量生産により安価に提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】は本発明に係る実施例である換気棟を屋根に施工したときの斜視図、
【図2】は同上の換気棟の分解斜視図、
【図3】は同上の換気棟のルーバーの斜視図、
【図4】は同上の換気棟のルーバーの平面図、
【図5】は同上の換気棟の端部の斜視図、
【図6】は同上の換気棟を屋根に施工したときの側面断面図。
A・・・換気棟
B・・・屋根材
C・・・弾性材
D・・・断熱材
E・・・シート
F・・・野地板
G・・・ネジ
H・・・固定釘
I・・・タルキ
J・・・キャップ
K・・・通気部
1・・・棟カバー
11・・垂下片
12・・折返し片
13・・棟頂部
14・・リベット孔
3・・・ルーバー
31・・押圧板
32・・支承板
33・・羽根
34・・支持板
35・・換気口
36・・裁置板
37・・分割板
38・・釘孔
39・・リベット孔
40・・垂下片
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a ventilation building that allows air, such as attics and attics, to escape to the outside.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The ventilation building which is the object of the present invention is constructed in order to remove the hot air and moisture in summer by replacing the air such as the attic and the attic with the outside air.
Conventionally, ventilation of buildings has been done by forming vents etc. on the side of the end of the wife side on gable roofs, etc., but there is no wife part on the dormitory type roof that is often seen in Western style houses in recent years, Such a roof shape requires a ventilation structure at the top of the building.
Ventilation of the attic and attic is performed through this ventilation building, but the replenishment of air exhausted from the building is usually taken from the eaves.
[0003]
In order to ventilate, it is necessary to provide a vent opening connecting the back of the hut and the outside. In order to circulate air, this vent opening requires, for example, 1/1600 or more of the ceiling area.
[0004]
Ventilation buildings constructed in such places have conventionally been known to have a variety of structures, and those with a high height called a box shape (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-180314) are well known. The following conditions can be cited as the conditions for.
[0005]
That is, it has a function of easily exhausting the air inside the cabin, and rain does not blow into the interior from the ventilation hole even in heavy wind and rain.
It is necessary to have a high ability to block the flow of strong air such as strong wind and rain blowing from the outside without blocking the gentle air flow rising from the inside of the cabin.
[0006]
In addition to this, because it is installed in a place where the top of the roof is easily noticeable, a design that is superior in design is required, and even when the construction is relatively low, the design of the entire building is considered not to be damaged. JP-A-7-279325 is known as such.
[0007]
Also, in typhoons and the like, wind of about 40m per second blows depending on the location, so the ventilation building itself must be lowered in height to avoid wind pressure, and the rainwater that blows in with these strong winds goes to the back of the ventilation building. A structure that does not fit is required.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
One of the challenges of the conventional ventilation building is to increase the ventilation capacity, which is to increase the ventilation opening, but this also increases the risk of wind and rain blowing from outside and increases the intrusion of rainwater. It must be surely protected.
When rainwater enters the back of a hut from the ventilation building, the ceiling and the like get wet, and over a long period of time, the main building and the building are corroded.
[0009]
Considering the appearance after construction, if the height of the building is too high, the ventilation building will be too conspicuous and damage the design of the entire building, and there is a demand for a low height and high ventilation capacity. It was.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to satisfy the above-described conditions, the ventilation building according to the present invention does not allow rainwater blown along with the wind to enter the inside by complicating the air flow path in the middle to avoid unnecessary rainwater intrusion. It is what I did.
[0011]
For this reason, a large number of blades that are open like doors are arranged on the outer louver, and the inflow of rainwater due to strong winds is prevented by changing the direction of the air flow path to make it complicated and lengthening the flow path. It was supposed to be.
[0012]
[Action]
As described above, the ventilation building according to the present invention easily discharges the air inside, and can completely block rainwater blown from the outside.
As a first step, a louver provided with a large number of door-shaped blades changes the air flow path to allow passage through a complicated route, thereby preventing the entry of fine raindrops.
[0013]
Despite having such a structure for preventing raindrops from entering, the overall height when constructed is extremely low, and even if constructed on the roof top, the design of the entire building may be impaired. Absent.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view when a ventilation building A according to the present invention is constructed on the top of a roof B and a cap J is attached, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the ventilation building A.
[0015]
The ventilation building A is composed of a ridge cover 1 and a louver 3 that can be covered on the upper part, and the ridge cover 1 is bent in accordance with the slope of the roof constructed at the ridge top 13, and both end portions are bent downward. A hanging piece 11 and a folded piece 12 having its tip folded back on the back surface are formed.
[0016]
Although the length in the longitudinal direction is about 1 m in this embodiment, this length is not particularly limited in terms of technology, and can be 2 m to 3 m, for example, taking into account the area of the back of the cabin to be ventilated. For example, it is possible to connect a plurality of objects shorter than 1 m.
The hanging piece 11 of the ridge cover 1 is provided with rivet holes 14 for fixing at appropriate intervals. In the illustrated example, four rivet holes 14 are provided on one side.
The rivet hole 14 is used to fix the rivet hole 29 of the main body 2 and the rivet hole 39 of the louver 3 with screws G, and therefore the positions of the holes correspond to each other.
[0017]
At this time, a ventilation portion K is formed between the louver 3 and the back of the hut through the door-shaped portion, and serves as an air passage from the back of the hut. (Fig. 5)
[0018]
The louver 3 (FIG. 3) is provided with a support plate 34 and a division plate 37 by raising both side ends of a placement plate 36 placed on the main body 2, and bent from each end edge of the support plate 34 into a door shape. The blades 33 are formed inward.
The blades 33 are formed in two rows facing each other in a substantially double-open state, and the blades 33 facing each other are arranged by shifting the ventilation ports 35 in the lateral direction, extending the air flow path, and communicating linearly. The raindrops that come with strong winds are dropped along the way to prevent entry.
[0019]
The upper ends of the support plate 34 and the dividing plate 37 are bent in the ridge top direction continuously in the longitudinal direction to form a support plate 32, which contacts and supports the lower surface side of the ridge cover 1.
[0020]
Further, a pressing plate 31 is bent on the water side of the louver 3, and a drooping piece 40 in which the tip is bent downward and the rivet hole 39 is narrowed is provided.
The louver 3 is constructed by abutting symmetrical structures on the left and right of the ridge top, and a heat insulating material D such as foam rubber is attached to and connected to the butted portion of the support plate 32 from the lower surface side. D prevents moisture condensation.
This dew condensation is generated by the warm and moist air in the back of the hut rising upwards and in the cold building board part. The temperature difference between the air and the direct contact part of the support plate 32 is reduced by the heat insulating material D. It prevents condensation.
[0021]
Also, a belt-like elastic material C is attached to the lower surface side of the bottom plate 24 of the main body 2 over the entire length, and this elastic material C prevents rainwater blowing up with strong wind from the roof surface from entering the gap. is there.
[0022]
And when constructing this main body 2, it is fixed to the base plate F by a nail hole 38 (FIG. 2) provided in the placing plate 36.
[0023]
Each part constructed as described above is constructed on the top of the roof. On this top, there is a ventilation portion K that is continuous with the attic and attic where air flows in advance. Cut out the ground plate and so on.
[0024]
The ventilation building according to the present invention is constructed at the top, and the louver 3 is arranged so as to straddle the top of the building, and is fixed to the roof base plate F and talc I by the fixed nail H at the nail hole 38. Is. (Fig. 5)
The fixed nail H is fixed through the roof material B, but there is no fear of water leakage due to the rainwater blown by the elastic material C.
The ridge cover 1 may be fixed with screws G or the like from the side.
[0025]
In FIG. 5, the air flow t rising from the inside of the cabin and the air flow S passing through the opposite ventilation port pass through the ventilation portion K and are discharged to the outside.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the ventilation building according to the present invention has a door-shaped louver and the like, and thus has various effects that are not available in the past against heavy wind and rain.
[0027]
1. Because the door-shaped louvers that are staggered from each other are provided, it has a complicated flow path against the wind and rain blown from outside, providing a sufficient blocking effect against raindrops, etc. There is no such thing as getting wet inside.
2. The structure according to the present invention can reduce the overall height including the ridge cover, so that it does not impair the appearance even when installed in a roof ridge.
3. The door-shaped louver portion is extremely strong against vertical force because the plate material is positioned vertically, and will not be damaged even if it is stepped on during construction.
4). The ventilation building of the present invention is advantageous in terms of cost because of its simple structure, and can be provided at low cost by mass production.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view when a ventilation building according to an embodiment of the present invention is constructed on a roof;
[Fig. 2] is an exploded perspective view of the same ventilation building,
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the louver in the ventilation building,
[Fig. 4] is a plan view of the louver of the ventilation building,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the end of the same ventilation building,
FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view when the above ventilation building is constructed on the roof.
A ... Ventilation building B ... Roofing material C ... Elastic material D ... Thermal insulation material E ... Sheet F ... Base plate G ... Screw H ... Fixed nail I ... Talc J ... Cap K ... Ventilation part 1 ... Building cover 11 ... Dripping piece 12 ... Folding piece 13 ... Building top 14 ... Rivet hole 3 ... Louver 31 ... Pressing plate 32 · Support plate 33 · · Blade 34 · · Support plate 35 · · Ventilation port 36 · · Placement plate 37 · · Split plate 38 · · Nail hole 39 · · Rivet hole 40 · · Suspension piece

Claims (1)

棟カバーとルーバーから構成される換気棟において、ルーバー内部に屋根本体に裁置する裁置板の両側端を立ち上げて支持板及び分割板を形成しその上端を折曲して支承板を形成し、前記支持板に換気口として扉状に折曲した羽根が内方に向って形成され、この羽根は略両開き状態として相対向して2列に多数形成し、換気口同士の間を分割板としその換気口同士を横方向にずらして配置し、しかもこのルーバーには、棟頂部の左右で対称構造のものを突合せて施工し、支承板の突合せ部分に断熱材が下面側より貼着して接続して成る換気棟。In a ventilation building composed of a ridge cover and a louver, both sides of the placement plate placed on the roof body are raised inside the louver to form a support plate and a split plate, and the upper end is bent to form a support plate In addition, blades bent in a door shape as ventilating openings are formed inward on the support plate, and the vanes are formed in two rows as opposed to each other in a substantially double-open state, and the ventilation openings are divided. It is a plate and the vents are shifted in the horizontal direction. In addition, this louver is constructed by abutting a symmetrical structure on the left and right of the top of the ridge, and heat insulating material is attached to the butt portion of the support plate from the bottom side. Ventilation building that connects and connects.
JP21180498A 1998-07-10 1998-07-10 Ventilation building Expired - Fee Related JP4094130B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21180498A JP4094130B2 (en) 1998-07-10 1998-07-10 Ventilation building

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21180498A JP4094130B2 (en) 1998-07-10 1998-07-10 Ventilation building

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Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000027391A JP2000027391A (en) 2000-01-25
JP4094130B2 true JP4094130B2 (en) 2008-06-04

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CN114351952A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-04-15 静美幕墙技术有限公司 Double-deck functional type shutter type ventilation rain-proof system of roofing

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