JP4093677B2 - Developing device and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Developing device and image forming apparatus Download PDF

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JP4093677B2
JP4093677B2 JP10981299A JP10981299A JP4093677B2 JP 4093677 B2 JP4093677 B2 JP 4093677B2 JP 10981299 A JP10981299 A JP 10981299A JP 10981299 A JP10981299 A JP 10981299A JP 4093677 B2 JP4093677 B2 JP 4093677B2
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JP2000305359A (en
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聡彦 馬場
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、複写機、プリンター、ファクシミリ等に用いられ、トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤によって静電潜像の現像を行う現像装置、並びにこのような現像装置を有し、画像形成を行う画像形成装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般にトナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤を用いる現像方法では、トナー粒子と磁性体から成るキャリア粒子とを機械的に攪拌することにより、トナー粒子とキャリア粒子とを互いに逆の極性に帯電させる。これらの粒子は、静電気的付着力により一体となっているが、感光体上の静電潜像に接近すると、トナー粒子とキャリア粒子とが引き合う静電気力よりも強い静電気力によって、トナー粒子が静電潜像側へ引かれ、潜像が可視像化される。
この時、トナー濃度は形成される画像に大きな影響を与える。トナー濃度が低い場合、画像濃度の低下を引き起こす。逆に、トナー濃度が高い場合は、画像濃度が高くなると同時に地肌汚れが発生しやすくなる。また、現像を行うと、トナーのみが感光体に転移して消費され、キャリアは現像装置内にとどまるため、消費された分のトナーを新たに補給して現像装置内のトナー濃度を一定に保つ必要がある。
【0003】
また、上述した現像では、静電潜像が形成された感光体と電気的バイアスが印加された現像スリーブとの間の電界により、感光体上の潜像形成部に帯電されたトナーが選択的に付着して現像が行われるため、トナーの帯電量が画像の形成に大きな影響を与える。トナーの帯電量が低いと、キャリアとの静電的付着力が小さいため、現像剤の中でトナーが浮遊しやすく、また、静電潜像と現像バイアスとから受ける拘束力も小さいため、地肌汚れの発生する割合は増加する。逆に、トナーの帯電量が高すぎると、トナーとキャリアとの静電的付着力は強化され、静電潜像に付着するトナー量は少なくなり、このため画像濃度が低下する。
したがって、上記のような二成分現像剤を用いる画像形成装置において高画質の画像を形成するには、トナーを均一に帯電し、且つ均一なトナー濃度の現像剤を現像領域に搬送する必要がある。
【0004】
ここで、従来の現像装置によるトナーの帯電方法及びトナー濃度調整方法について説明する。
図11及び図12に、従来の現像装置を示す。この現像装置59においては、スクリュー形状から成る第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材53とが仕切り板55を挟んで平行に配置され、トナーとキャリアとから成る現像剤を混合攪拌しながら互いに反対の方向に搬送し、循環させる。第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材53との対向部の反対側には、現像剤担持体54が2つの現像剤攪拌部材52、53と平行に配置されており、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52側から汲み上げた現像剤を表面に付着させ、回転に伴い搬送する。
現像剤担持体54は、内部に磁界発生手段である固定された磁石54a及びその外側に非磁性材料で構成され、矢印の方向に回転可能に支持された現像スリーブ54bとを有する。現像剤担持体54の周囲の、現像剤担持体54が感光体と対向する現像領域の上流には、アルミニウム、SUS等の非磁性材料で構成された現像ドクタ56が現像スリーブ54bと所定の間隔を設けて取り付けられており、現像スリーブ54b上の現像剤は、現像スリーブ54bの回転によって現像ドクタ56との対向位置を通過する時所定の量に規制される。現像剤は、現像ドクタ56通過の際強いストレスを受けてトナーが帯電され、現像領域に搬送される。現像領域では、表面に静電潜像が形成された感光体と電気的バイアスが印加された現像スリーブ54bとの間の電界の作用で、感光体上の静電潜像が帯電されたトナーにより顕像化される。
【0005】
贋造領域を通過した後消費されなかったトナーを含む現像剤は、現像剤担持体54の内部に固定された磁石54aにより形成された現像剤剥離極で現像スリーブ54bから脱落し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52に戻され、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52上を現像剤循環下流方向へ搬送される。そして、現像剤は上記と同様の課程を繰り返しながら、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材53との間を循環し、再び現像スリーブ54b上に汲み上げられる。
第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材53側にはトナー濃度検知センサ57が設置され、現像装置内のトナー濃度を検知する。このトナー濃度の検知結果が設定されたトナー濃度より低い場合は、図示しないトナー補給装置から矢印Aの経路で第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材53の循環上流側にトナーを補給する。補給されたトナーは、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材53と第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52とにより現像剤搬送路内を循環しながら、現像装置内の現像剤と混合攪拌される。トナー補給部からのトナーの補給量は、トナー濃度検知センサ57からの信号に基づいて制御され、現像装置内のトナー濃度が設定濃度付近に維持される。そして、この行程を繰り返すことにより、現像装置内のトナー濃度を常に設定濃度付近に維持するように構成されている。
【0006】
画像濃度を安定化する方法としては、現像剤攪拌搬送手段の始端部の現像剤搬送力を他の部分の現像剤搬送力よりも大きくし、2つの現像剤攪拌搬送手段間での現像剤の受け渡し効率を向上させることにより、濃度変動の少ない画像を得る技術が、特開平3−282488号公報に開示されている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述の従来の技術には次のような問題がある。
従来の現像装置では、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52の上流側から下流側へ現像剤が搬送される間にトナーが消費されていくため、トナー濃度は第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52の下流側で上流側よりも低くなる。したがって、現像スリーブ54bに汲み上げられた現像剤のトナー濃度が、現像装置の長手方向で不均一となり、形成画像の画像濃度ムラが生じる。特に、画像濃度が高くトナー消費が多い画像では、画像濃度ムラは顕著となる。
また、現像剤の帯電は、主として現像スリーブ54b上に担持され、現像スリーブ54bの回転に伴って現像ドクタ56との間を通過する時に行われる。この時、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52側には、現像スリーブ54b上に汲み上げられ、現像ドクタ56と現像スリーブ54bとの間を通過して帯電量が上昇した現像剤と、現像スリーブ54b上に汲み上げられず、帯電量の低い現像剤とが混在する。そして、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材52の下流側では、上流側に比べ現像ドクタ56と現像スリーブ54bとの間の通過回数の多い現像剤と、通過回数の少ない現像剤との差が大きくなり、トナー帯電量のバラツキが大きくなる。前述のように、トナーの帯電量は形成される画像に大きな影響を与えるため、帯電量の高いトナーと帯電量の低いトナーとが混在すると、均一な画像が得られなくなる。
【0008】
本発明は、上記のような問題に鑑みて成されたものであり、その目的は、トナー帯電量の均一化を計り、且つ現像スリーブ上でのトナー濃度を一定に維持することにより、濃度ムラのない画像を形成することが可能な現像装置および画像形成装置を提供することである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題点を解決するために、請求項1に記載の発明は、トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤を仕切り板を挟んで互いに逆の方向に攪拌搬送する第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材とから成る現像剤攪拌搬送手段と、該現像剤攪拌搬送手段と平行に配設され、内部に固定された磁石と、周面上に回転可能に支持された現像スリーブとを備え、表面に前記二成分現像剤を担持する現像剤担持体とを有し、像担持体上の静電潜像を可視化する現像装置において、前記現像剤攪拌搬送手段は、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材との中間部で前記現像剤担持体と対向し、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材が、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材に対して前記現像スリーブの回転の下流側に位置するように回転可能に支持され、前記磁石は、記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から現像剤を汲み上げる磁気拘束力と、前記像担持体と対向する現像領域を通過した現像剤を前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に落下させる磁気拘束力と、を発生させるように現像スリーブの軸方向に沿って磁束密度が変化している現像装置を提供する。
【0010】
このような現像装置では、現像領域を通過した現像剤がすべて第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側に戻されるため、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側の現像剤はすべて現像に使用されていないリフレッシュ(初期化)状態であり、トナー濃度が低下していない。したがって、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側のトナー濃度は、上流側から下流側にかけて常に一定であり、現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度に差がなくなるため、濃度差がなく濃度追従性の良い均一な画像を得ることができる。
また、現像領域へ搬送される現像剤は、充分に攪拌されて第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から汲み上げられ、現像ドクタと対向する領域を一回だけ通過してきた現像剤であるため、帯電条件が等しく、帯電量のバラツキが小さくなる。したがって、トナーが均一に帯電されているためトナー飛散や地肌汚れがなく、細部の画像バラツキのない良質な画像を形成することができる。
【0011】
請求項2に記載の発明は、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域L、前記現像剤攪拌搬送部材の軸方向へ現像剤を搬送し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域Mとするとき、 前記磁石は、前記領域Lに対向する領域に、現像剤を第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から現像スリーブへ汲み上げた後、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ受け渡す磁気拘束力を有し、前記領域Mに対向する領域では、現像剤を保持しないように配置されている請求項1に記載の現像装置を提供する。
【0012】
上記のように、領域L及び領域Mの磁束密度分布が得られるように設定することにより、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材−領域L−第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材−領域Mの現像剤循環経路及び現像スリーブ−第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材の現像剤循環経路を形成する。このように、2つの現像剤循環経路を形成することにより、現像領域を通過した現像剤は直接第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側に戻らず、このため、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度並びに現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度は均一となり、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成することができる。また、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0013】
請求項3に記載の発明は、前記仕切り板の先端は前記領域Lの範囲でカットされ、前記現像スリーブから離脱した現像剤を前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ誘導するために、前記カットにより形成される仕切り板の端部に該カット部の幅と等しい幅を有する現像剤誘導部材が設けられ、現像剤誘導部材の先端が現像スリーブとの接触点より突き出すように現像剤誘導部材が現像スリーブに当接ていることを特徴とする求項2に記載の現像装置を提供する。
【0014】
このように、領域Lに現像剤誘導部材を設けることにより、領域Lでの第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側への現像剤の搬送を確実に行うことができる。また、領域Mでは、現像剤担持体内部の固定磁石の磁束密度分布を上記のように設定することにより、現像領域通過後の現像剤を現像スリーブから第2攪拌搬送部材上へ落下させる。これにより、2つの現像剤循環経路が形成され、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度及び現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0015】
請求項4に記載の発明は、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域に、現像剤搬送部材を備え、
該現像剤搬送部材は、複数の突起部を有し、
第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材とを取り巻くように設けられ、仕切り板の切り欠き部を通過して回転する請求項1に記載の現像装置を提供する。
【0016】
このように、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材への現像剤受け渡し部に搬送部材を設けることにより、領域Lでの第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側への現像剤の搬送を円滑に行うことができる。また、領域Mでは、現像剤担持体内部の固定磁石の磁束密度分布を上記のように設定することにより、現像領域通過後の現像剤を現像スリーブから第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上へ落下させる。このように、2つの現像剤循環経路を形成することにより、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度及び現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0017】
請求項5に記載の発明は、表面に静電潜像を形成する感光体と、該感光体の表面を一様に帯電する帯電手段と、該感光体の表面に露光する露光手段と、トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤によって前記静電潜像を現像し、トナー像を形成する現像装置と、該トナー像を記録媒体上に転写する転写装置と、前記記録媒体上に転写されたトナー像を定着する定着装置と有する画像形成装置において、前記現像装置は、トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤を仕切り板を挟んで互いに逆の方向に攪拌搬送する第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材とから成る現像剤攪拌搬送手段と、該現像剤攪拌搬送手段と平行に配設され、内部に固定された磁石と、周面上に回転可能に支持された現像スリーブとを備え、表面に前記二成分現像剤を担持する現像剤担持体とを有し、前記現像剤攪拌搬送手段は、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材との中間部で前記現像剤担持体と対向し、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材が、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材に対して前記現像スリーブの回転の下流側に位置するように回転可能に支持され、前記磁石は、記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から現像剤を汲み上げる磁気拘束力と、前記像担持体と対向する現像領域を通過した現像剤を前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に落下させる磁気拘束力と、を発生させるように現像スリーブの軸方向に沿って磁束密度が変化していることを特徴とする画像形成装置を提供する。
【0018】
このような画像形成装置によれば、現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度が均一化されているため、均一な画像形成が可能となる。また、トナーの帯電量が均一であるため、トナー飛散や地肌汚れが防止され、濃度ムラのない良質の画像形成を行うことが可能となる。さらに、現像剤担持体と2つの現像剤攪拌搬送部材とが並列配置されないため、画像形成装置の幅方向の寸法増大を抑制することができる。
【0019】
請求項6に記載の画像形成装置は、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域L、前記現像剤攪拌搬送部材の軸方向へ現像剤を搬送し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域Mとするとき、 前記磁石は、前記領域Lに対向する領域に、現像剤を前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から汲み上げ、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ受け渡す磁気拘束力を有し、前記領域Mに対向する領域では、現像剤を保持しないように配置されている請求項5に記載の画像形成装置を提供する。
【0020】
このような画像形成装置は、2つの現像剤循環系を有するため、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度が均一化されると共に現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度が均一化され、これにより、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成することができる。また、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上の現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせることにより、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上で増量した現像剤による現像剤詰まりを防止し、現像剤の均一な帯電量を維持して良好な画像形成を行うことができる。さらに、現像剤担持体と2つの現像剤攪拌搬送部材とが並列配置されないため、画像形成装置の幅方向の寸法増大を抑制することができる。
【0021】
請求項7に記載の発明は、前記仕切り板の先端は前記領域Lの範囲でカットされ、前記現像スリーブから離脱した現像剤を前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ誘導するために、前記カットにより形成される仕切り板の端部に該カット部の幅と等しい幅を有する現像剤誘導部材が設けられ、現像剤誘導部材の先端が現像スリーブとの接触点より突き出すように現像剤誘導部材が現像スリーブに当接ている求項6に記載の画像形成装置を提供する。また、請求項8に記載の発明は、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域に、現像剤搬送部材を備え、該現像剤搬送部材は、複数の突起部を有し、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材とを取り巻くように設けられ、仕切り板の切り欠き部を通過して回転する請求項5に記載の画像形成装置を提供する。
【0022】
このような構成とすることにより、領域Lでは第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材への現像剤の搬送を円滑に行い、領域Mでは現像スリーブ上で現像領域を通過した現像剤を第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へ落下させる。このように、2つの現像剤循環経路を形成することにより、現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材での現像剤詰まりを防止し、均一に帯電させたトナーによる良好な画像形成を行うことが可能となる。また、このような画像形成装置では、現像剤担持体と2つの現像剤攪拌搬送部材とが並列配置されないため、画像形成装置の幅方向の寸法増大を抑制することができる。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態を図に基づいて説明する。図1は、本発明の画像形成装置の一実施形態が用いられる複写機を示す概略構成図である。
この複写機は、画像読取装置60、画像書込装置70、画像形成装置80及び給紙装置90から構成される。
上記画像形成装置80は、感光体81、現像装置89、転写手段85及び定着手段87から主として構成される。感光体81の周りに帯電手段83、現像剤担持体84を含む現像装置89、転写手段85、図示しないクリーニング装置及び除電ランプ82が配置されている。また、感光体81の表面には、レーザ駆動装置71からレーザビーム73が照射される。
上記給紙装置90は画像形成装置80の下側に設置され、着脱可能な給紙カセット91内の用紙Pは中板で支えられ、図示しないスプリングによってアームを介して給紙ローラ92に押し付けられる。
なお、この画像形成装置80の裏側には、図示しない電源やプリント板(エンジンドライバーボード)等の電装及び制御装置、あるいはコントローラボードが収容される。また、現像装置89の近くには、トナー補給部が設けられている。
【0024】
このような画像形成装置を用いて画像を形成する場合、まず、帯電手段83によって感光体81の表面が均一に帯電された後、レーザビーム73が照射され、静電潜像が形成される。現像装置89内には、トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤が収容され、この現像剤を現像剤担持体84の表面に担持して感光体81と対向する現像領域に搬送し、感光体81上に形成された静電潜像に転移させて可視像を形成する。給紙装置90内では、図示しない制御部からの指令により給紙ローラ92が回転し、給紙カセット91内の最上位置の記録紙Pが分離パッドで重送されながら下流側のレジストローラ96まで搬送され、感光体81上に形成されたトナー画像と同期するようなタイミングで転写手段85側に搬送される。転写手段85によって感光体81上の画像が転写された記録紙Pは、さらに搬送されて定着手段87の位置に至り、ヒータを内蔵した加熱ローラ87aと、加熱ローラ87aに圧接対向される加圧ローラ87bとの間を通過し、加熱及び加圧されてトナー像が定着される。
このようにして画像が形成された記録紙Pは、その後排紙ローラによって排紙口から排紙トレイ部88上に排出され載置される。
【0025】
(第1の実施形態)
上記の画像形成装置に用いられる本発明の現像装置であり、請求項1に記載の現像装置の一実施形態について説明する。図2にこの現像装置の概略構成図を、また、図3には図2に示す現像装置のS−Sにおける断面図を示す。
この現像装置9は、開口を有するハウジング内に現像剤担持体4及び現像剤攪拌搬送手段が収容され、この開口が感光体1と対向するように設置されている。
現像剤担持体4は、内部に複数の磁石を有し、固定支持されたマグネットローラ4aと、その周面上に形成され、矢印の方向に回転可能に支持された現像スリーブ4bとから成り、感光体1と近接対向するようにハウジングの開口部に配置されている。現像剤担持体4の周面付近の、現像スリーブ4bと感光体1とが対向する現像領域の上流側には、現像スリーブ4b上の現像剤を帯電させる現像ドクタ6が現像スリーブ4bに近接配置されている。
現像剤攪拌搬送手段は、仕切り板5を隔てて平行に配設されたスクリュー形状の第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3とから成る。第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2は、長手方向の寸法が現像スリーブ4bの長手方向の寸法に一致するように形成され、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3は、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2よりも長手方向に長く形成されており、いずれも現像スリーブ4bの回転方向と同方向に回転可能に支持され、互いに現像剤を軸の逆方向に搬送する。現像剤担持体4は、仕切り板5と対向する位置で現像剤攪拌搬送部材2、3と平行に配設されている。また、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3の下流側には、トナー濃度検知センサ7が取り付けられている。
【0026】
現像装置9内の現像剤は、2つの異なる現像剤循環経路によって搬送される。
第1の現像剤循環経路は、図3に示す矢印C→D→E→F→Cに従う循環経路である。矢印C及びEの現像剤の搬送は、それぞれ第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3及び第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2の回転により行われる。また、矢印Dの現像剤の搬送は、現像スリーブ4bの回転で第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2側へ現像剤を汲み上げることにより行われ、矢印Fの搬送は重力落下である。
第2の現像剤循環経路では、現像剤を矢印Gのように、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2側から、図2に示すように第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3とからほぼ等距離で、仕切り板5をまたぐ位置に配置された現像剤担持体4の現像スリーブ4b上に汲み上げることにより成立する。
【0027】
現像スリーブ4b上に汲み上げられた現像剤は、現像スリーブ4bの回転により、現像ドクタ6の位置を通過するときに現像剤の量が規制されると共にトナーが帯電され、現像領域に搬送される。現像領域では、静電潜像が形成された感光体1と、電気的バイアスが印加された現像スリーブ4bとの間の電界によりトナーが感光体1側へ移動し、感光体1の静電潜像を顕像化する。現像領域を通過した現像剤は、仕切り板5の長手方向の寸法に一致した寸法を有し、仕切り板5に取り付けられた現像剤剥離部材8により、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3の上方で現像スリーブ4b表面から離れ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材3側へ落下する。このように、現像剤を現像スリーブ4bから放出する方法として、本実施形態では仕切り板5に現像剤剥離部材8を取り付けることにより行ったが、これ以外の方法、例えば仕切り板と現像スリーブとの間隔を狭くして現像剤を通過させないようにする方法を用いることもできる。
【0028】
このように、本実施形態の現像装置4は2つの現像剤循環経路を有し、現像領域を通過した現像剤が直接第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2側に戻らないため、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2上流側と下流側とでトナー濃度差がなくなり、濃度差がなく濃度追従性の良い均一な画像を得ることができる。
また、現像領域へ搬送される現像剤は、攪拌されて第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材2側から汲み上げられ、現像ドクタ6を一回だけ通過してきた現像剤であり、現像剤の帯電条件が等しく、現像剤の帯電量のバラツキが小さい。したがって、トナーが均一に帯電されているため、トナー飛散や地肌汚れがなく、画像の細部でのバラツキのない良質な画像を得ることができる。
【0029】
(第2の実施形態)
請求項2に記載の現像装置の一実施形態について説明する。図4は、この現像装置内部の配置及び現像剤の循環方向を示す上面図であり、図5及び図6は、それぞれ図4中の14l及び14mにおける各部材の配置及び磁束密度分布を示す断面図である。
現像剤を現像剤攪拌搬送部材12、13の軸方向に搬送し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側から第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側へ受け渡す領域である14mに対応する領域における固定磁石の磁束密度分布を図5に示す。この領域の現像装置19内部に固定された磁石14aは、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13に面した領域で磁気拘束力が弱いため、この領域で現像スリーブ14b上に現像剤を保持できなくなる。このため、現像領域を通過してきた現像剤は、仕切り板15と現像スリーブ14bとの間を通過して第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側へ運ばれることなく第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13上に落下し、矢印Cの下流側端部へ運ばれる。同時にこの領域では、固定磁石14aのS2極により第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側から現像剤が汲み上げられ、N2極、S1極及びN1極により現像領域へ運ばれる。
【0030】
第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12への現像剤受け渡し部である14lの領域における磁束密度分布は、図6に示すとおりである。この領域では、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側の現像剤がN3により汲み上げられ、S2極と現像スリーブ14bの回転により第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側へ搬送される。搬送された現像剤は、N2極を経てS1極の領域で現像ドクタ16により現像剤量が規制されると共にトナーが帯電される。この時、余分な現像剤は第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側へ落とされる。仕切り板15は、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材の下流側は図4に示すように現像装置の側面まで延長し、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側への現像剤受け渡し部では、現像スリーブ14b上の現像剤の搬送を妨げない程度に、現像スリーブ14bとのギャップが設定される。また、14lの範囲には、図4及び図5に示すように、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側へ搬送された現像剤の第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側への落下を防止するための現像剤落下防止部材18が仕切り板15に具備されている。現像剤落下防止部材18は、マイラ等の弾性部材によって形成し、現像スリーブ14bのトレーリングに当たるように仕切り板15に取り付けられている。
【0031】
この時、矢印G方向の現像剤搬送量G’は、現像スリーブ14bの現像ドクタ16を通過後の現像剤汲み上げ量と回転数、つまり現像条件によって規定される。矢印D方向の現像剤搬送量D’は、図4に示す現像スリーブ14bの14lの領域で第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側へ汲み上げられる現像剤の量であり、この現像剤量は図6に示す固定磁石14aの磁力分布と図4に示す14lの長さにより規定される。また、現像剤搬送量F’は、現像装置内の現像剤量により決定される。
この現像装置において現像剤の循環を円滑に行うためには、現像剤搬送量D’=現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’とならなければならない。現像剤搬送量D’<現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’となった場合には、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側で現像剤量が増え続け、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側で現像剤詰まりが生じてしまう。現像剤詰まりが発生しないようにするためには、現像条件と現像剤量を決定した後、現像剤搬送量D’=現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’の関係が成立するように図6の固定磁石14aの磁力分布と、14lの長さを設定する。また、現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’を搬送できるように、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13のスクリュー径、スクリューピッチ及びスクリュー回転数を設定する。
また、図5の現像スリーブ14bと仕切り板15との間にギャップを設け、現像剤搬送量D’<現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’となった場合、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側で増量した現像剤をギャップを通して矢印Hのように第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材12側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材13側での現像剤詰まりを防止する。
【0032】
以上のように、この現像装置では、現像剤を第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へ受け渡す領域での現像剤の移動を促すことによって、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材−現像剤受け渡し部−第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材−現像剤受け渡し部−第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材のように現像剤を循環させる循環経路と、上記以外の領域で、現像領域を通過した現像スリーブ上の現像剤を第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に落下させる経路の2つの現像剤循環経路を形成し、これにより、現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一にすると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上での現像剤詰まりを防止し、良好な現像を行うことができる。
【0033】
(第3の実施形態)
請求項3に記載の現像装置の一実施形態について説明する。図7は、この現像装置内部の配置及び現像剤の循環方向を示す上面図であり、図8は、図7中の24lにおける各部材の配置及び磁束密度分布を示す断面図である。
この現像装置29の図7に示す領域24mでは、仕切り板25の先端が、図8のように固定磁石24aの反発磁極部(S2極−S3極間)より現像スリーブ24bの回転方向下流に位置する。これにより、現像スリーブ24bの反発磁極部で現像スリーブ24bから離れた現像剤は、仕切り板25によって妨げられることなく、すべて第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材23側へ落下する。したがって、24mの範囲では、現像領域を通過した現像剤が仕切り板25と現像スリーブ24bとの間を通過して第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材22側へ運ばれることはない。また、この範囲では、S2極で第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材22側から現像剤を汲み上げ、N2、S1及びN1極により現像領域へ搬送する。第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材23側へ落とされた現像剤は、矢印Cの下流側端部へ運ばれる。
【0034】
また、24lの領域では、図8中の斜線部で示したように、仕切り板25の先端をカットし、この端部にカット部の幅と等しい幅(24l)を有する現像剤誘導部材28が当接されている。この現像剤誘導部材28は、マイラ等の弾性材料から形成され、先端が現像スリーブ24bとの接触点より突き出すように現像スリーブ24bに当接されているため、現像剤誘導部材28により現像スリーブ24b上の現像剤が掻き落とされることはない。これにより、24lの領域で現像スリーブ24bから離れた現像剤は、現像剤誘導部材28上に落ち、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材22側へ戻される。
【0035】
したがって、この現像装置によれば、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材23側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材22側へ現像剤を受け渡す領域に誘導部材を配置することにより、第2現像剤攪拌部材23側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材22側への現像剤の受け渡しを促し、これ以外の領域では、仕切り板25の先端を固定磁石24aの反発磁極部より現像スリーブ24bの回転方向下流に位置させることにより、現像領域を通過した現像剤をすべて第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材23側へ落下させる。これにより、現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材での現像剤詰まりを防止し、均一に帯電させたトナーによる良好な画像形成を行うことが可能となる。
【0036】
(第4の実施形態)
請求項4に記載の現像装置の一実施形態について説明する。図9は、この現像装置内部の配置及び現像剤の循環方向を示す上面図であり、図10は、図9中の34lにおける各部材の配置を示す断面図である。
この現像装置39は、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32側へ現像剤を受け渡す領域(領域34l)の第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33及び第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32の端部に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側の現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32側へ搬送する現像剤搬送部材40が設けられている。現像剤搬送部材40は、複数の突起部40aを有するキャタピラ形状から成り、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33の中心軸と第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32の中心軸とを取り巻くように取り付けられており、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32又は第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33の駆動を受けて回転し、もう一方の現像剤攪拌搬送部材に駆動を伝達する。この現像装置39の仕切り板35の現像剤搬送部材40側の端部は、現像装置39の内側面まで延長されているが、現像剤搬送部材40と交叉する部分には図10に示すような切り欠きを有し、これにより、現像剤搬送部材40が仕切り板35の切り欠き部を通過して回転することができるように構成されている。
また、現像剤搬送部材40は、各突起部40a間に貫通穴40bを備え、現像剤はこの突起部40aによって汲み上げられ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32側へ搬送される。そして、現像剤は第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32の上方付近まで搬送されて、突起部40aの間の貫通穴40bから仕切り板35上へ落下し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32へ取り込まれる。
【0037】
この時、矢印Gの現像剤搬送量G’は、現像スリーブ34bの現像ドクタ36を通過した後の汲み上げ量と回転数、すなわち現像条件によって決定される。また、矢印Dの現像剤搬送量D’は、現像剤搬送部材40による第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32側への現像剤汲み上げ量であり、この量は、現像剤搬送部材40を駆動する第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32又は第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33の回転数と現像剤搬送部材40の形状により決定される。矢印Fの現像剤搬送量F’は、この現像装置内の現像剤量により規定される。このような現像装置において現像剤循環を円滑にし、良好な現像を行うためには、現像剤搬送量D’=現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’の関係が維持されることが望ましいが、現像剤搬送量D’<現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’のような変動が生じた場合は、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側で現像剤量が増加し、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側で現像剤詰まりが発生する。そこで、このような現像剤詰まりの発生を防止するためには、現像条件を決定した後、現像剤搬送量D’=現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’の関係が成立するように、現像剤搬送部材40の形状と、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33のスクリュー径、スクリューピッチ及びスクリューの回転数を設定する。
さらに、図10の現像スリーブ34bと仕切り板35との間にギャップを設け、現像剤搬送量D’<現像剤搬送量G’+現像剤搬送量F’となった場合に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側に増量した現像剤をギャップを通して第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材32側へ矢印Hのようにオーバーフローさせ、これにより第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材33側での現像剤詰まりを防止する。
【0038】
以上のように、この現像装置では、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材への現像剤受け渡し部に搬送部材を設けることにより、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側への現像剤の搬送を円滑に行うことができる。また、現像剤担持体内部の固定磁石の磁束密度分布を上記のように設定することにより、現像領域通過後の現像剤を現像スリーブから第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上へ落下させる。このように、2つの現像剤循環経路を形成することにより、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度及び現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の現像装置では、現像領域を通過した現像剤がすべて第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側に戻されるため、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側の現像剤は、すべて現像に使用されていないリフレッシュ(初期化)状態であり、トナー濃度が低下していない。したがって、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側のトナー濃度は、上流側から下流側にかけて常に一定であり、現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度に差がなくなるため、濃度差がなく濃度追従性の良い均一な画像を得ることができる。
また、現像領域へ搬送される現像剤は、充分に攪拌されて第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から汲み上げられ、現像ドクタと対向する領域を一回だけ通過してきた現像剤であるため、帯電条件が等しく、帯電量のバラツキが小さくなる。したがって、トナーが均一に帯電されているため、トナー飛散や地肌汚れがなく細部の画像バラツキのない良質な画像を形成することができる。
【0040】
また、前記現像剤担持体の固定磁石を、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へ現像剤を受け渡す領域に対向する領域に、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を汲み上げる磁気拘束力を有し、その他の領域では、現像剤を保持しないように配置することにより、現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材との間で循環させる経路及び現像領域通過後の現像剤を現像スリーブから第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へ直接落下させる経路の2つの経路を成立させ、これにより、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度並びに現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成することができる。また、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0041】
さらに、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材への現像剤受け渡し部に現像剤誘導部材を設けることにより、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側への現像剤の搬送を確実に行う。また、現像剤担持体内部の固定磁石の磁束密度分布を上記のように設定することにより、現像領域通過後の現像剤を現像スリーブから第2攪拌搬送部材上へ落下させる。これにより、2つの現像剤循環経路が形成され、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度及び現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0042】
さらに、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材への現像剤受け渡し部に搬送部材を設けることにより、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側から第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側への現像剤の搬送を円滑に行うことができる。また、これ以外の領域では、現像剤担持体内部の固定磁石の磁束密度分布を上記のように設定することにより、現像領域通過後の現像剤を現像スリーブから第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上へ落下させる。このように、2つの現像剤循環経路を形成することにより、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材上のトナー濃度及び現像スリーブ上のトナー濃度を均一化し、濃度ムラのない均一な画像を形成すると共に、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に増量した現像剤を第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材側へオーバーフローさせ、第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材側での現像剤詰まりを防止することができる。
【0043】
また、上記のような現像装置を有する画像形成装置を用いることにより、トナー飛散や地肌汚れがなく、細部のバラツキのない画像を均一な濃度で安定して得ることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の画像形成装置の一実施形態が用いられる複写機を示す概略構成図である。
【図2】請求項1に記載の現像装置を示す概略構成図である。
【図3】図2に示す現像装置のS−Sにおける断面図である。
【図4】請求項2に記載の現像装置の一実施形態を示す上面図である。
【図5】図4中の14lにおける各部材の配置及び磁束密度分布を示す断面図である。
【図6】図4中の14mにおける各部材の配置及び磁束密度分布を示す断面図である。
【図7】請求項3に記載の現像装置の一実施形態を示す上面図である。
【図8】図7中の24lにおける各部材の配置及び磁束密度分布を示す断面図である。
【図9】請求項4に記載の現像装置の一実施形態を示す上面図である。
【図10】図9中の34lにおける各部材の配置を示す断面図である。
【図11】従来の現像装置を示す概略構成図である。
【図12】図11に示す現像装置の上面図である。
【符号の説明】
1、11、21、31、81 感光体
2、12、22、32、52 第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材
3、13、23、33、53 第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材
4、14、24、34、54、84 現像剤担持体
4a、14a、24a、34a、54a 固定磁石
4b、14b、24b、34b、54b 現像スリーブ
5、15、25、35、55 仕切り板
6、16、26、36、56、86 現像ドクタ
7、17、27、37、57 トナー濃度検知センサ
8 現像剤剥離部材
9、19、29、39、59、89 現像装置
18 現像剤落下防止部材
28 現像剤誘導部材
60 画像読み取り装置
61 排風装置
70 画像書込装置
71 レーザ駆動装置
72 反射鏡
73 レーザビーム
80 画像形成装置
82 除電ランプ
83 帯電手段
85 転写手段
87 定着手段
87a 加熱ローラ
87b 加圧ローラ
88 排紙トレイ部
90 給紙装置
91 給紙カセット
92 給紙ローラ
93 反転用カセット
94 反転用給紙ローラ
95 紙搬送ローラ
96 レジストローラ
A トナー補給経路
C、D、E、F、G、H 現像剤循環経路
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is used in copying machines, printers, facsimiles, and the like, and has a developing device that develops an electrostatic latent image with a two-component developer composed of toner and a carrier, and has such a developing device for image formation. The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in a developing method using a two-component developer composed of a toner and a carrier, the toner particles and the carrier particles are charged to opposite polarities by mechanically stirring the toner particles and the carrier particles composed of a magnetic material. . These particles are united by electrostatic adhesion, but when approaching the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor, the toner particles are statically absorbed by electrostatic force stronger than the electrostatic force attracted by the toner particles and carrier particles. The latent image is visualized by being pulled toward the electric latent image side.
At this time, the toner density greatly affects the image to be formed. When the toner density is low, the image density is lowered. On the other hand, when the toner density is high, the background density is likely to be generated at the same time as the image density is high. Further, when developing is performed, only the toner is transferred to the photosensitive member and consumed, and the carrier remains in the developing device. Therefore, the consumed toner is replenished and the toner density in the developing device is kept constant. There is a need.
[0003]
In the development described above, the toner charged in the latent image forming portion on the photosensitive member is selectively selected by the electric field between the photosensitive member on which the electrostatic latent image is formed and the developing sleeve to which an electrical bias is applied. Therefore, the toner charge amount greatly affects the image formation. When the charge amount of the toner is low, the electrostatic adhesion force with the carrier is small, so that the toner is likely to float in the developer, and the binding force received from the electrostatic latent image and the development bias is also small. The rate of occurrence increases. On the other hand, if the charge amount of the toner is too high, the electrostatic adhesion force between the toner and the carrier is strengthened, and the amount of toner attached to the electrostatic latent image is reduced, so that the image density is lowered.
Therefore, in order to form a high-quality image in the image forming apparatus using the two-component developer as described above, it is necessary to uniformly charge the toner and transport the developer having a uniform toner density to the development area. .
[0004]
Here, a toner charging method and a toner density adjusting method using a conventional developing device will be described.
11 and 12 show a conventional developing device. In this developing device 59, a first developer agitating / conveying member 52 and a second developer agitating / conveying member 53 each having a screw shape are arranged in parallel with a partition plate 55 interposed therebetween, and a developer composed of toner and a carrier is removed. While mixing and stirring, they are conveyed in opposite directions and circulated. On the opposite side of the facing portion between the first developer agitating and conveying member 52 and the second developer agitating and conveying member 53, a developer carrier 54 is disposed in parallel with the two developer agitating members 52 and 53, The developer pumped up from the first developer agitating / conveying member 52 side adheres to the surface and is conveyed along with the rotation.
The developer carrying member 54 includes a fixed magnet 54a that is a magnetic field generating means inside, and a developing sleeve 54b that is made of a nonmagnetic material and is rotatably supported in the direction of the arrow. A developing doctor 56 made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or SUS is provided at a predetermined distance from the developing sleeve 54b around the developer carrying member 54 and upstream of the developing region where the developer carrying member 54 faces the photosensitive member. The developer on the developing sleeve 54b is regulated to a predetermined amount when passing through the position facing the developing doctor 56 by the rotation of the developing sleeve 54b. When the developer passes through the developing doctor 56, the toner is charged with a strong stress and is transported to the developing area. In the development area, the electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor is charged by the toner by the action of an electric field between the photoreceptor having an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface and the developing sleeve 54b to which an electrical bias is applied. Visualized.
[0005]
The developer containing the toner that has not been consumed after passing through the fabrication region falls off the developing sleeve 54b at the developer peeling pole formed by the magnet 54a fixed inside the developer carrying member 54, and the first developer. The developer is returned to the agitating / conveying member 52 and conveyed on the first developer agitating / conveying member 52 in the developer circulation downstream direction. The developer circulates between the first developer agitating / conveying member 52 and the second developer agitating / conveying member 53 while repeating the same process as described above, and is again pumped up onto the developing sleeve 54b.
A toner concentration detection sensor 57 is installed on the second developer stirring and conveying member 53 side, and detects the toner concentration in the developing device. When the toner density detection result is lower than the set toner density, the toner is replenished from the toner replenishing device (not shown) to the circulation upstream side of the second developer agitating / conveying member 53 through the path indicated by the arrow A. The replenished toner is mixed and stirred with the developer in the developing device while circulating in the developer transport path by the second developer stirring and transporting member 53 and the first developer stirring and transporting member 52. The amount of toner replenished from the toner replenishing unit is controlled based on a signal from the toner density detection sensor 57, and the toner density in the developing device is maintained near the set density. By repeating this process, the toner density in the developing device is always maintained near the set density.
[0006]
As a method for stabilizing the image density, the developer conveying force at the starting end of the developer agitating / conveying means is made larger than the developer conveying force at the other part, and the developer is conveyed between the two developer agitating / conveying means. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-282488 discloses a technique for obtaining an image with little density fluctuation by improving the delivery efficiency.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional technology has the following problems.
In the conventional developing device, the toner is consumed while the developer is conveyed from the upstream side to the downstream side of the first developer agitating / conveying member 52, so that the toner concentration is downstream of the first developer agitating / conveying member 52. Lower on the side than on the upstream side. Therefore, the toner concentration of the developer pumped up to the developing sleeve 54b becomes non-uniform in the longitudinal direction of the developing device, and the image density unevenness of the formed image occurs. In particular, the image density unevenness is remarkable in an image having a high image density and a large amount of toner consumption.
Further, the developer is charged mainly when it is carried on the developing sleeve 54b and passes between the developing doctor 56 as the developing sleeve 54b rotates. At this time, on the first developer agitating / conveying member 52 side, the developer pumped up on the developing sleeve 54b and passed between the developing doctor 56 and the developing sleeve 54b and the charge amount increased, and the developing sleeve 54b The developer with low charge amount is mixed. On the downstream side of the first developer agitating / conveying member 52, the difference between the developer having a large number of passes between the developing doctor 56 and the developing sleeve 54b and the developer having a small number of passes is larger than that on the upstream side. As a result, the toner charge amount varies greatly. As described above, the toner charge amount greatly affects the image to be formed. Therefore, when a toner with a high charge amount and a toner with a low charge amount are mixed, a uniform image cannot be obtained.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to make the toner charge amount uniform and maintain the toner density on the developing sleeve constant, thereby achieving density unevenness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a developing device and an image forming apparatus that are capable of forming an image having no image.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a first developer agitating and conveying member that agitates and conveys a two-component developer composed of toner and a carrier in opposite directions with a partition plate interposed therebetween. A developer agitating / conveying means comprising a second developer agitating / conveying member; a magnet disposed in parallel with the developer agitating / conveying means; and a magnet fixed inside; and a developing sleeve rotatably supported on the peripheral surface A developer carrying member that carries the two-component developer on the surface thereof, and visualizes an electrostatic latent image on the image carrier. The developer agitating and conveying member is opposed to the developer carrier at an intermediate portion between the developer agitating and conveying member and the second developer agitating and conveying member, and the first developer agitating and conveying member is opposed to the second developer agitating and conveying member. Can be rotated so that it is located downstream of the rotation of the developing sleeve And supported by, said magnet,in frontPumps developer from first developer agitating and conveying memberMagnetic binding force andMagnetic restraint force that causes the developer that has passed through the developing area facing the image carrier to drop onto the second developer agitating and conveying memberThe magnetic flux density changes along the axial direction of the developing sleeve so as to generateA developing device is provided.
[0010]
In such a developing device, all the developer that has passed through the developing region is returned to the second developer agitating and conveying member side, so that all the developer on the first developer agitating and conveying member side is not used for development (refresh ( (Initialization) state, and the toner density is not lowered. Therefore, the toner density on the first developer agitating / conveying member side is always constant from the upstream side to the downstream side, and there is no difference in the toner density on the developing sleeve. Can be obtained.
Further, the developer conveyed to the development area is a developer that is sufficiently agitated and pumped up from the first developer agitating / conveying member side, and has passed through the area facing the development doctor only once. Are equal, and the variation in charge amount is reduced. Therefore, since the toner is uniformly charged, it is possible to form a high-quality image free from toner scattering and background stains and free from variations in image details.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member is a region L, and the developer is supplied in the axial direction of the developer agitating and conveying member. When an area where the developer is transferred and the developer is transferred from the first developer agitating and conveying member to the second developer agitating and conveying member is defined as area M, the magnet supplies the developer to the area facing the area L in the second area. A magnetic binding force is transferred to the first developer agitating / conveying member after being pumped from the developer agitating / conveying member to the developing sleeve, and the developer is not held in the region facing the region M. A developing device according to claim 1 is provided.
[0012]
As described above, by setting so as to obtain the magnetic flux density distribution in the region L and the region M, the developer circulation path of the first developer agitating and conveying member-region L-second developer agitating and conveying member-region M And a developer circulation path of the developing sleeve-second developer agitating and conveying member. In this way, by forming the two developer circulation paths, the developer that has passed through the development region does not directly return to the first developer stirring and conveying member side, and therefore, the toner on the first developer stirring and conveying member. The density and the toner density on the developing sleeve are uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness can be formed. Further, the developer increased on the second developer agitating / conveying member can overflow to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 3The tip of the partition plate is cut in the range of the region L,The developer separated from the developing sleeve is guided to the first developer stirring and conveying member.Therefore, a developer guide member having a width equal to the width of the cut portion is provided at an end portion of the partition plate formed by the cut,TheDeveloperThe leading end of the guide member protrudes from the contact point with the developing sleeveDeveloper guide memberAbuts development sleeveShiIt is characterized byContractA developing device according to claim 2 is provided.
[0014]
As described above, by providing the developer guiding member in the region L, the developer can be reliably conveyed from the second developer agitating / conveying member side to the first developer agitating / conveying member side in the region L. . In the region M, the magnetic flux density distribution of the fixed magnet inside the developer carrying member is set as described above, so that the developer after passing through the developing region is dropped from the developing sleeve onto the second stirring and conveying member. As a result, two developer circulation paths are formed, the toner density on the first developer agitating and conveying member and the toner density on the developing sleeve are made uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness is formed. The developer increased on the developer agitating / conveying member can overflow to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0015]
  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a developer conveying member is provided in a region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member.e,
The developer conveying member has a plurality of protrusions,
It is provided so as to surround the second developer agitating and conveying member and the first developer agitating and conveying member, and rotates through the notch portion of the partition plate.A developing device according to claim 1 is provided.
[0016]
In this way, by providing the transport member in the developer delivery portion from the second developer stirring and transporting member to the first developer stirring and transporting member, the first developer from the second developer stirring and transporting member side in the region L is provided. The developer can be smoothly conveyed to the stirring and conveying member side. Further, in the region M, the magnetic flux density distribution of the fixed magnet inside the developer carrying member is set as described above, so that the developer after passing through the developing region is dropped from the developing sleeve onto the second developer agitating and conveying member. . In this way, by forming two developer circulation paths, the toner density on the first developer stirring and conveying member and the toner density on the developing sleeve are made uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness is formed. The increased amount of developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member can be overflowed to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0017]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photosensitive member that forms an electrostatic latent image on a surface thereof, a charging unit that uniformly charges the surface of the photosensitive member, an exposure unit that exposes the surface of the photosensitive member, and a toner The electrostatic latent image is developed by a two-component developer comprising a carrier and a carrier to form a toner image, a transfer device for transferring the toner image onto a recording medium, and the toner image transferred onto the recording medium In the image forming apparatus having a fixing device for fixing a toner image, the developing device is a first developer stirring and conveying member that stirs and conveys a two-component developer composed of toner and a carrier in opposite directions with a partition plate interposed therebetween. And a second developer agitating and conveying member, a developer agitating and conveying means, a magnet arranged in parallel with the developer agitating and conveying means, and a magnet fixed inside, and a development rotatably supported on the peripheral surface And the two components on the surface A developer carrying member for carrying an image agent, wherein the developer stirring and conveying means includes an intermediate portion between the first developer stirring and conveying member and the second developer stirring and conveying member; The first developer agitating / conveying member is opposed to the second developer agitating / conveying member and is rotatably supported so as to be positioned downstream of the rotation of the developing sleeve.in frontPumps developer from first developer agitating and conveying memberMagnetic binding force andMagnetic restraint force that causes the developer that has passed through the developing area facing the image carrier to drop onto the second developer agitating and conveying memberThe magnetic flux density changes along the axial direction of the developing sleeve so as to generateAn image forming apparatus is provided.
[0018]
According to such an image forming apparatus, since the toner density on the developing sleeve is made uniform, uniform image formation becomes possible. In addition, since the toner charge amount is uniform, toner scattering and background contamination can be prevented, and high-quality image formation without density unevenness can be performed. Further, since the developer carrying member and the two developer agitating / conveying members are not arranged in parallel, an increase in the dimension in the width direction of the image forming apparatus can be suppressed.
[0019]
The image forming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an area where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating / conveying member to the first developer agitating / conveying member is developed in a region L and the axial direction of the developer agitating / conveying member. When the region where the developer is conveyed and the developer is transferred from the first developer agitating / conveying member to the second developer agitating / conveying member is defined as region M, the magnet is disposed in the region facing the region L. A magnetic constraining force that is pumped from the second developer agitating / conveying member and transferred to the first developer agitating / conveying member, and is disposed so as not to hold the developer in a region facing the region M. An image forming apparatus according to Item 5, is provided.
[0020]
Since such an image forming apparatus has two developer circulation systems, the toner density on the first developer agitating and conveying member is made uniform and the toner density on the developing sleeve is made uniform. A uniform image without unevenness can be formed. Further, by causing the developer on the second developer agitating and conveying member to overflow to the first developer agitating and conveying member side, the developer clogging due to the increased amount of developer on the second developer agitating and conveying member is prevented, and development is performed. Good image formation can be performed while maintaining a uniform charge amount of the agent. Further, since the developer carrying member and the two developer agitating / conveying members are not arranged in parallel, an increase in the dimension in the width direction of the image forming apparatus can be suppressed.
[0021]
The invention described in claim 7The tip of the partition plate is cut in the range of the region L,The developer separated from the developing sleeve is guided to the first developer stirring and conveying member.Therefore, a developer guide member having a width equal to the width of the cut portion is provided at an end portion of the partition plate formed by the cut,TheDeveloperThe leading end of the guide member protrudes from the contact point with the developing sleeveDeveloper guide memberAbuts development sleeveShiingContractAn image forming apparatus according to claim 6 is provided. The invention according to claim 8 is provided with a developer conveying member in a region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member, and the developer conveying member includes: 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a plurality of protrusions, provided so as to surround the second developer agitating / conveying member and the first developer agitating / conveying member, and rotating through the notch portion of the partition plate. An image forming apparatus is provided.
[0022]
By adopting such a configuration, in the region L, the developer is smoothly conveyed from the second developer agitating / conveying member to the first developer agitating / conveying member, and in the region M, the developing region is passed over the developing sleeve. The developer is dropped to the second developer stirring and conveying member side. In this way, by forming two developer circulation paths, the toner density on the developing sleeve is made uniform, a uniform image without density unevenness is formed, and the developer clogging at the second developer stirring and conveying member is formed. Therefore, it is possible to form a good image with the uniformly charged toner. In such an image forming apparatus, since the developer carrying member and the two developer agitating / conveying members are not arranged in parallel, an increase in the dimension in the width direction of the image forming apparatus can be suppressed.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a copying machine in which an embodiment of an image forming apparatus of the present invention is used.
The copying machine includes an image reading device 60, an image writing device 70, an image forming device 80, and a paper feeding device 90.
The image forming apparatus 80 mainly includes a photoreceptor 81, a developing device 89, a transfer unit 85, and a fixing unit 87. Around the photosensitive member 81, a charging unit 83, a developing device 89 including a developer carrying member 84, a transfer unit 85, a cleaning device (not shown), and a discharge lamp 82 are arranged. The surface of the photoconductor 81 is irradiated with a laser beam 73 from a laser driving device 71.
The paper feeding device 90 is installed on the lower side of the image forming apparatus 80, and the paper P in the removable paper feeding cassette 91 is supported by an intermediate plate and pressed against the paper feeding roller 92 via an arm by a spring (not shown). .
In addition, on the back side of the image forming apparatus 80, an electric device and a control device such as a power source and a printed board (engine driver board) (not shown) or a controller board are accommodated. A toner replenishing unit is provided near the developing device 89.
[0024]
In the case of forming an image using such an image forming apparatus, first, the surface of the photoconductor 81 is uniformly charged by the charging unit 83 and then irradiated with the laser beam 73 to form an electrostatic latent image. In the developing device 89, a two-component developer composed of toner and carrier is accommodated, and this developer is carried on the surface of the developer carrying member 84 and conveyed to a developing region facing the photoconductor 81, and the photoconductor The image is transferred to the electrostatic latent image formed on 81 to form a visible image. In the paper feeding device 90, the paper feeding roller 92 rotates in response to a command from a control unit (not shown), and the uppermost recording paper P in the paper feeding cassette 91 is conveyed to the downstream registration roller 96 while being double-fed by the separation pad. It is conveyed and conveyed to the transfer means 85 side at a timing synchronized with the toner image formed on the photoconductor 81. The recording sheet P on which the image on the photosensitive member 81 has been transferred by the transfer unit 85 is further conveyed to the position of the fixing unit 87, and a heating roller 87a having a built-in heater is pressed against and opposed to the heating roller 87a. The toner image is fixed by passing between the roller 87b and being heated and pressurized.
The recording paper P on which the image is formed in this way is then discharged from the paper discharge port onto the paper discharge tray 88 by the paper discharge roller.
[0025]
(First embodiment)
An embodiment of the developing device according to claim 1, which is a developing device of the present invention used in the above image forming apparatus, will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the developing device, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line S-S of the developing device shown in FIG.
In the developing device 9, the developer carrying member 4 and the developer agitating / conveying means are accommodated in a housing having an opening, and the opening is disposed so as to face the photoreceptor 1.
The developer carrier 4 includes a magnet roller 4a that has a plurality of magnets therein and is fixedly supported, and a developing sleeve 4b that is formed on the peripheral surface thereof and is rotatably supported in the direction of the arrow. It is disposed in the opening of the housing so as to face the photoreceptor 1 in the vicinity. A developing doctor 6 for charging the developer on the developing sleeve 4b is disposed in the vicinity of the developing sleeve 4b on the upstream side of the developing region where the developing sleeve 4b and the photosensitive member 1 face each other in the vicinity of the peripheral surface of the developer carrying member 4. Has been.
The developer stirring / conveying means includes a screw-shaped first developer stirring / conveying member 2 and a second developer stirring / conveying member 3 arranged in parallel with a partition plate 5 therebetween. The first developer agitating / conveying member 2 is formed so that the dimension in the longitudinal direction coincides with the dimension in the longitudinal direction of the developing sleeve 4 b, and the second developer agitating / conveying member 3 is more than the first developer agitating / conveying member 2. Are formed so as to be long in the longitudinal direction, both of which are supported so as to be rotatable in the same direction as the rotation direction of the developing sleeve 4b, and convey the developer to each other in the opposite direction of the shaft. The developer carrier 4 is disposed in parallel with the developer agitating and conveying members 2 and 3 at a position facing the partition plate 5. A toner concentration detection sensor 7 is attached to the downstream side of the second developer agitating / conveying member 3.
[0026]
The developer in the developing device 9 is conveyed by two different developer circulation paths.
The first developer circulation path is a circulation path according to arrows C → D → E → F → C shown in FIG. The conveyance of the developer indicated by arrows C and E is performed by the rotation of the second developer agitating and conveying member 3 and the first developer agitating and conveying member 2, respectively. Further, the conveyance of the developer indicated by the arrow D is performed by pumping up the developer from the second developer stirring and conveying member 3 side to the first developer agitating and conveying member 2 side by the rotation of the developing sleeve 4b. Is a gravity drop.
In the second developer circulation path, as shown by an arrow G, the developer is fed from the first developer agitating / conveying member 2 side, as shown in FIG. 2, to the first developer agitating / conveying member 2 and the second developer agitating / conveying. It is established by pumping up onto the developing sleeve 4b of the developer carrier 4 disposed at a position across the partition plate 5 at an approximately equal distance from the member 3.
[0027]
When the developer pumped up on the developing sleeve 4b passes through the position of the developing doctor 6 by the rotation of the developing sleeve 4b, the amount of the developer is regulated and the toner is charged and conveyed to the developing region. In the developing region, the toner moves to the photosensitive member 1 side by an electric field between the photosensitive member 1 on which the electrostatic latent image is formed and the developing sleeve 4b to which an electrical bias is applied, and the electrostatic latent Visualize the image. The developer that has passed through the development region has a dimension that matches the longitudinal dimension of the partition plate 5, and is above the second developer agitating and conveying member 3 by the developer peeling member 8 attached to the partition plate 5. It moves away from the surface of the developing sleeve 4b and falls to the second developer stirring and conveying member 3 side. As described above, as a method for releasing the developer from the developing sleeve 4b, in this embodiment, the developer peeling member 8 is attached to the partition plate 5. However, other methods such as a partition plate and a developing sleeve are used. A method of narrowing the interval so that the developer does not pass can also be used.
[0028]
Thus, the developing device 4 of the present embodiment has two developer circulation paths, and the developer that has passed through the developing region does not return directly to the first developer agitating / conveying member 2 side. There is no difference in toner density between the upstream side and the downstream side of the conveying member 2, and a uniform image with no density difference and good density followability can be obtained.
Further, the developer conveyed to the development area is a developer that is agitated and pumped up from the first developer agitating / conveying member 2 side, and has passed through the developing doctor 6 only once. The charging conditions of the developer are equal. The variation in the charge amount of the developer is small. Therefore, since the toner is uniformly charged, it is possible to obtain a high-quality image free from toner scattering and background contamination and free from variations in image details.
[0029]
(Second Embodiment)
An embodiment of the developing device according to claim 2 will be described. 4 is a top view showing the arrangement inside the developing device and the developer circulation direction, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross sections showing the arrangement of members and the magnetic flux density distribution at 14l and 14m in FIG. 4, respectively. FIG.
The developer is transported in the axial direction of the developer agitating / conveying members 12 and 13, and fixed in an area corresponding to 14m, which is an area where the developer is transferred from the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 to the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 The magnetic flux density distribution of the magnet is shown in FIG. Since the magnet 14a fixed inside the developing device 19 in this region has a weak magnetic binding force in the region facing the second developer agitating and conveying member 13, the developer cannot be held on the developing sleeve 14b in this region. For this reason, the developer that has passed through the developing region passes between the partition plate 15 and the developing sleeve 14b and is not conveyed to the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 side. Fall to the downstream end of arrow C. At the same time, in this region, the developer is pumped up from the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 side by the S2 pole of the fixed magnet 14a, and is carried to the development region by the N2, P1, and N1 poles.
[0030]
The magnetic flux density distribution in the region 14l that is the developer delivery portion from the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 to the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 is as shown in FIG. In this region, the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 side is pumped up by N3 and conveyed to the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 side by the rotation of the S2 pole and the developing sleeve 14b. The amount of the developer that has been conveyed is regulated by the developing doctor 16 in the region of the S1 pole through the N2 pole, and the toner is charged. At this time, excess developer is dropped to the first developer stirring and conveying member 12 side. As shown in FIG. 4, the partition plate 15 extends to the side of the developing device on the downstream side of the second developer agitating and conveying member, and from the second developer agitating and conveying member 13 side to the first developer agitating and conveying member 12 side. In the developer delivery portion, the gap with the developing sleeve 14b is set to such an extent that the conveyance of the developer on the developing sleeve 14b is not hindered. Further, in the range of 14 l, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the developer conveyed to the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 side is prevented from dropping to the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 side. The developer drop prevention member 18 is provided on the partition plate 15. The developer drop prevention member 18 is formed of an elastic member such as Mylar, and is attached to the partition plate 15 so as to contact the trailing of the developing sleeve 14b.
[0031]
At this time, the developer transport amount G ′ in the direction of the arrow G is defined by the developer pumping amount and the rotation speed after passing through the developing doctor 16 of the developing sleeve 14 b, that is, the developing conditions. The developer transport amount D ′ in the direction of arrow D is the amount of developer pumped from the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 side to the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 side in the region 14l of the developing sleeve 14b shown in FIG. The developer amount is defined by the magnetic force distribution of the fixed magnet 14a shown in FIG. 6 and the length of 14l shown in FIG. Further, the developer transport amount F ′ is determined by the developer amount in the developing device.
In order to smoothly circulate the developer in this developing device, the developer transport amount D ′ = developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′ must be satisfied. When the developer transport amount D ′ <developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′, the developer amount continues to increase on the second developer stirring transport member 13 side, and the second developer stirring transport The developer clogging occurs on the member 13 side. In order to prevent developer clogging, after determining the development conditions and the developer amount, the relationship of developer transport amount D ′ = developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′ is established. The magnetic distribution of the fixed magnet 14a in FIG. 6 and the length of 14l are set. Further, the screw diameter, screw pitch, and screw rotation speed of the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 are set so that the developer conveying amount G ′ + the developer conveying amount F ′ can be conveyed.
Further, when a gap is provided between the developing sleeve 14b and the partition plate 15 in FIG. 5 and the developer transport amount D ′ <developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′, the second developer agitation is performed. The developer increased in amount on the conveying member 13 side is caused to overflow to the first developer agitating / conveying member 12 side as indicated by an arrow H through the gap, thereby preventing clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member 13 side.
[0032]
As described above, in this developing device, the second developer agitation is promoted by urging the developer to move in the region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitation / conveyance member side to the first developer agitation / conveyance member side. Conveying member-developer delivery part-first developer agitating / conveying member-developer delivering part-second developer agitating / conveying member and a circulation path for circulating the developer, and a region other than the above pass through the developing area Forming two developer circulation paths for dropping the developer on the developed sleeve onto the second developer agitating / conveying member, thereby making the toner density on the developer sleeve uniform and the second developer It is possible to prevent the developer from clogging on the agitating / conveying member and perform good development.
[0033]
(Third embodiment)
An embodiment of the developing device according to claim 3 will be described. FIG. 7 is a top view showing the arrangement inside the developing device and the circulation direction of the developer, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each member and the magnetic flux density distribution at 24l in FIG.
In the area 24m shown in FIG. 7 of the developing device 29, the tip of the partition plate 25 is positioned downstream of the repelling magnetic pole portion (between S2 pole and S3 pole) of the fixed magnet 24a in the rotation direction of the developing sleeve 24b as shown in FIG. To do. As a result, all the developer separated from the developing sleeve 24b at the repulsive magnetic pole portion of the developing sleeve 24b falls to the second developer agitating / conveying member 23 side without being blocked by the partition plate 25. Therefore, in the range of 24 m, the developer that has passed through the developing region does not pass between the partition plate 25 and the developing sleeve 24b and is not carried to the first developer stirring and conveying member 22 side. In this range, the developer is pumped up from the second developer agitating / conveying member 22 side at the S2 pole, and conveyed to the developing region by the N2, S1, and N1 poles. The developer dropped to the second developer agitating / conveying member 23 side is carried to the downstream end portion of the arrow C.
[0034]
Further, in the region 24l, as shown by the hatched portion in FIG. 8, the tip of the partition plate 25 is cut, and the developer guide member 28 having a width (24l) equal to the width of the cut portion is formed at this end. It is in contact. The developer guiding member 28 is formed of an elastic material such as Mylar, and is in contact with the developing sleeve 24b so that its tip protrudes from a contact point with the developing sleeve 24b. Therefore, the developing sleeve 24b is developed by the developer guiding member 28. The upper developer is not scraped off. As a result, the developer separated from the developing sleeve 24b in the region 24l falls on the developer guiding member 28 and is returned to the first developer stirring and conveying member 22 side.
[0035]
Therefore, according to this developing device, the second developer agitating member is arranged by arranging the guide member in the region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member 23 side to the first developer agitating and conveying member 22 side. The transfer of the developer from the 23 side to the first developer agitating / conveying member 22 side is promoted, and in the other region, the tip of the partition plate 25 is positioned downstream of the repulsive magnetic pole portion of the fixed magnet 24a in the rotation direction of the developing sleeve 24b. As a result, all the developer that has passed through the developing region is dropped to the second developer agitating and conveying member 23 side. As a result, the toner density on the developing sleeve is made uniform, a uniform image without density unevenness is formed, and the developer clogging on the second developer agitating / conveying member is prevented. Image formation can be performed.
[0036]
(Fourth embodiment)
An embodiment of the developing device according to claim 4 will be described. FIG. 9 is a top view showing the arrangement inside the developing device and the developer circulation direction, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each member at 34l in FIG.
The developing device 39 includes the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 and the first developer in a region (region 34l) that delivers the developer from the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 side to the first developer agitating / conveying member 32 side. A developer conveying member 40 that conveys the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 side to the first developer agitating / conveying member 32 side is provided at the end of the agitating / conveying member 32. The developer conveying member 40 has a caterpillar shape having a plurality of protrusions 40a, and is attached so as to surround the central axis of the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 and the central axis of the first developer agitating / conveying member 32. The first developer agitating / conveying member 32 or the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 is driven to rotate, and the drive is transmitted to the other developer agitating / conveying member. The end of the partition plate 35 of the developing device 39 on the developer conveying member 40 side extends to the inner surface of the developing device 39, but the portion intersecting with the developer conveying member 40 is as shown in FIG. The developer conveying member 40 is configured to be able to rotate by passing through the notched portion of the partition plate 35.
The developer conveying member 40 includes through holes 40b between the protrusions 40a. The developer is pumped up by the protrusions 40a, and the first developer agitating / conveying member 32 is provided from the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 side. It is conveyed to the side. Then, the developer is transported to the vicinity of the upper portion of the first developer agitating / conveying member 32, falls onto the partition plate 35 from the through hole 40 b between the protrusions 40 a, and is taken into the first developer agitating / conveying member 32. .
[0037]
At this time, the developer conveyance amount G ′ indicated by the arrow G is determined by the pumping amount and the rotation speed after passing through the developing doctor 36 of the developing sleeve 34 b, that is, the developing conditions. Further, the developer transport amount D ′ indicated by the arrow D is the amount of developer pumped by the developer transport member 40 from the second developer stirring and transporting member 33 side to the first developer stirring and transporting member 32 side. The number of rotations of the first developer agitating / conveying member 32 or the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 that drives the developer conveying member 40 and the shape of the developer conveying member 40 are determined. The developer transport amount F ′ indicated by the arrow F is defined by the developer amount in the developing device. In such a developing apparatus, in order to smooth the developer circulation and perform good development, the relationship of developer transport amount D ′ = developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′ may be maintained. Desirably, when a variation such as developer transport amount D ′ <developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′ occurs, the developer amount increases on the second developer stirring transport member 33 side, Developer clogging occurs on the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 side. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of such developer clogging, after determining the development conditions, the relationship of developer transport amount D ′ = developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′ is established. The shape of the developer conveying member 40, the screw diameter of the second developer agitating / conveying member 33, the screw pitch, and the number of rotations of the screw are set.
Furthermore, when a gap is provided between the developing sleeve 34b and the partition plate 35 in FIG. 10 and the developer transport amount D ′ <developer transport amount G ′ + developer transport amount F ′, the second developer. The developer increased to the agitating / conveying member 33 side is caused to overflow to the first developer agitating / conveying member 32 side through the gap as indicated by an arrow H, thereby preventing clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member 33 side. .
[0038]
As described above, in this developing device, the first developer agitating and conveying member side is provided with the conveying member in the developer delivery portion from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member. The developer can be smoothly conveyed to the developer stirring and conveying member side. Further, by setting the magnetic flux density distribution of the fixed magnet inside the developer carrying member as described above, the developer after passing through the developing region is dropped from the developing sleeve onto the second developer stirring and conveying member. In this way, by forming two developer circulation paths, the toner density on the first developer stirring and conveying member and the toner density on the developing sleeve are made uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness is formed. The increased amount of developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member can be overflowed to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the developing device of the present invention, all the developer that has passed through the developing region is returned to the second developer agitating / conveying member side, so that all the developer on the first developer agitating / conveying member side is developed. In this state, the toner density is not lowered. Therefore, the toner density on the first developer agitating / conveying member side is always constant from the upstream side to the downstream side, and there is no difference in the toner density on the developing sleeve. Can be obtained.
Further, the developer conveyed to the development area is a developer that is sufficiently agitated and pumped up from the first developer agitating / conveying member side, and has passed through the area facing the development doctor only once. Are equal, and the variation in charge amount is reduced. Therefore, since the toner is uniformly charged, it is possible to form a high-quality image free from toner scattering and background contamination and free from variations in detailed images.
[0040]
Further, the first developer agitating / conveying member is disposed in a region facing a region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating / conveying member side to the first developer agitating / conveying member side. It has a magnetic restraining force to pump up the developer to the other area, and in other areas, it is arranged so as not to hold the developer, so that the developer is placed between the first developer agitating and conveying member and the second developer agitating and conveying member. And a path for directly dropping the developer after passing through the developing area from the developing sleeve to the second developer agitating / conveying member, thereby establishing toner on the first developer agitating / conveying member. The density and the toner density on the developing sleeve can be made uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness can be formed. Further, the developer increased on the second developer agitating / conveying member can overflow to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0041]
Further, by providing a developer guiding member in the developer delivery portion from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member, the second developer agitating and conveying member side from the second developer agitating and conveying member side Surely transport the developer to Further, by setting the magnetic flux density distribution of the fixed magnet inside the developer carrying member as described above, the developer after passing through the developing region is dropped from the developing sleeve onto the second agitating and conveying member. As a result, two developer circulation paths are formed, the toner density on the first developer agitating and conveying member and the toner density on the developing sleeve are made uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness is formed. The developer increased on the developer agitating / conveying member can overflow to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0042]
Further, by providing a transport member in the developer delivery portion from the second developer stirring and transporting member to the first developer stirring and transporting member, the second developer stirring and transporting member side to the first developer stirring and transporting member side The developer can be smoothly conveyed. In the other areas, the magnetic flux density distribution of the fixed magnet inside the developer carrier is set as described above, whereby the developer after passing through the development area is transferred from the developing sleeve to the second developer agitating and conveying member. Drop it. In this way, by forming two developer circulation paths, the toner density on the first developer stirring and conveying member and the toner density on the developing sleeve are made uniform, and a uniform image without density unevenness is formed. The increased amount of developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member can be overflowed to the first developer agitating / conveying member side to prevent clogging of the developer on the second developer agitating / conveying member side.
[0043]
Further, by using the image forming apparatus having the developing device as described above, it is possible to stably obtain an image free from toner scattering and background contamination and free from variation in detail at a uniform density.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a copying machine in which an embodiment of an image forming apparatus of the present invention is used.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a developing device according to claim 1;
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line S-S of the developing device illustrated in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a top view showing an embodiment of a developing device according to claim 2;
5 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each member and the magnetic flux density distribution at 14l in FIG. 4;
6 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each member and the magnetic flux density distribution at 14 m in FIG. 4. FIG.
7 is a top view showing an embodiment of the developing device according to claim 3. FIG.
8 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each member and the magnetic flux density distribution at 24l in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a top view showing an embodiment of the developing device according to claim 4;
10 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each member at 34l in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a conventional developing device.
12 is a top view of the developing device shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 11, 21, 31, 81 Photoconductor
2, 12, 22, 32, 52 First developer stirring and conveying member
3, 13, 23, 33, 53 Second developer stirring and conveying member
4, 14, 24, 34, 54, 84 Developer carrier
4a, 14a, 24a, 34a, 54a Fixed magnet
4b, 14b, 24b, 34b, 54b Development sleeve
5, 15, 25, 35, 55 Partition plate
6, 16, 26, 36, 56, 86 Developing doctor
7, 17, 27, 37, 57 Toner density detection sensor
8 Developer peeling member
9, 19, 29, 39, 59, 89 Developing device
18 Developer fall prevention member
28 Developer guide member
60 Image reading device
61 Air exhaust device
70 Image writing device
71 Laser drive device
72 Reflector
73 Laser beam
80 Image forming apparatus
82 Static elimination lamp
83 Charging means
85 Transfer means
87 Fixing means
87a Heating roller
87b Pressure roller
88 Output tray
90 Paper feeder
91 Paper cassette
92 Paper feed roller
93 Reversing cassette
94 Reversing paper feed roller
95 Paper transport roller
96 Registration Roller
A Toner supply route
C, D, E, F, G, H Developer circulation path

Claims (8)

トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤を、仕切り板を挟んで互いに逆の方向に攪拌搬送する第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材とから成る現像剤攪拌搬送手段と、 該現像剤攪拌搬送手段と平行に配設され、内部に固定された磁石と、周面上に回転可能に支持された現像スリーブとを備え、表面に前記二成分現像剤を担持する現像剤担持体とを有し、 像担持体上の静電潜像を可視化する現像装置において、 前記現像剤攪拌搬送手段は、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材との中間部で前記現像剤担持体と対向し、 前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材が、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材に対して前記現像スリーブの回転の下流側に位置するように回転可能に支持され、 前記磁石は、記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から現像剤を汲み上げる磁気拘束力と、前記像担持体と対向する現像領域を通過した現像剤を前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に落下させる磁気拘束力と、を発生させるように現像スリーブの軸方向に沿って磁束密度が変化している ことを特徴とする現像装置。A developer agitating and conveying means comprising a first developer agitating and conveying member and a second developer agitating and conveying member for agitating and conveying a two-component developer comprising toner and a carrier in opposite directions with a partition plate interposed therebetween; A developer carrying unit that is arranged in parallel with the developer agitating and conveying means and is fixed inside, and a developing sleeve that is rotatably supported on the peripheral surface, and carries the two-component developer on the surface. In the developing device for visualizing an electrostatic latent image on the image carrier, the developer agitating / conveying means is an intermediate between the first developer agitating / conveying member and the second developer agitating / conveying member. The first developer agitating / conveying member is rotatably supported so as to be positioned downstream of the rotation of the developing sleeve with respect to the second developer agitating / conveying member. the magnet before Symbol first developer stirring and conveying A magnetic binding force from wood pumping developer, the developing sleeve so as to generate a magnetic restraining force for dropping the developer having passed through the developing area facing the image carrier in the second developer stirring and conveying member on A developing device characterized in that the magnetic flux density changes along the axial direction of the . 前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域L、 前記現像剤攪拌搬送部材の軸方向へ現像剤を搬送し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域Mとするとき、 前記磁石は、前記領域Lに対向する領域に、現像剤を前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記現像スリーブに汲み上げた後、 前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ受け渡す磁気拘束力を有し、前記領域Mに対向する領域では、現像剤を保持しないように配置されている ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の現像装置。  A region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member is an area L, and the developer is conveyed in the axial direction of the developer agitating and conveying member, and the first developer agitating and conveying When the region where the developer is transferred from the member to the second developer agitating / conveying member is defined as region M, the magnet moves the developer from the second developer agitating / conveying member to the region facing the region L. A magnetic binding force that is transferred to the first developer agitating and conveying member after being pumped up to the sleeve, and is disposed so as not to hold the developer in a region facing the region M. Item 2. The developing device according to Item 1. 前記仕切り板の先端は前記領域Lの範囲でカットされ、 前記現像スリーブから離脱した現像剤を前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ誘導するために、前記カットにより形成される仕切り板の端部に該カット部の幅と等しい幅を有する現像剤誘導部材が設けられ、現像剤誘導部材の先端が現像スリーブとの接触点より突き出すように現像剤誘導部材が現像スリーブに当接ている ことを特徴とする求項2に記載の現像装置。 The front end of the partition plate is cut in the range of the region L, and in order to guide the developer separated from the developing sleeve to the first developer stirring and conveying member, the end of the partition plate is formed at the end of the partition plate formed by the cut. developer guide member having a width equal to the width of the cut portion is provided, the tip of the developer guide member that the developer guide member so as to project from the contact point between the developing sleeve is abutted against the developing sleeve the developing device according to Motomeko 2, wherein. 前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域に、現像剤搬送部材を備え、 該現像剤搬送部材は、複数の突起部を有し、 第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材とを取り巻くように設けられ、仕切り板の切り欠き部を通過して回転する ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の現像装置。  A developer conveying member is provided in a region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member, and the developer conveying member has a plurality of protrusions, The developing device according to claim 1, wherein the developing device is provided so as to surround the developer agitating / conveying member and the first developer agitating / conveying member, and rotates through the notch of the partition plate. 表面に静電潜像を形成する感光体と、該感光体の表面を一様に帯電する帯電手段と、該感光体の表面に露光する露光手段と、トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤によって前記静電潜像を現像し、トナー像を形成する現像装置と、該トナー像を記録媒体上に転写する転写装置と、前記記録媒体上に転写されたトナー像を定着する定着装置と有する画像形成装置において、 前記現像装置は、 トナーとキャリアとから成る二成分現像剤を仕切り板を挟んで互いに逆の方向に攪拌搬送する第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材とから成る現像剤攪拌搬送手段と、 該現像剤攪拌搬送手段と平行に配設され、内部に固定された磁石と、周面上に回転可能に支持された現像スリーブとを備え、表面に前記二成分現像剤を担持する現像剤担持体とを有し、 前記現像剤攪拌搬送手段は、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材と前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材との中間部で前記現像剤担持体と対向し、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材が、前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材に対して前記現像スリーブの回転の下流側に位置するように回転可能に支持され、 前記磁石は、記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から現像剤を汲み上げる磁気拘束力と、前記像担持体と対向する現像領域を通過した現像剤を前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材上に落下させる磁気拘束力と、を発生させるように現像スリーブの軸方向に沿って磁束密度が変化している ことを特徴とする画像形成装置。A two-component developer comprising a photoconductor for forming an electrostatic latent image on the surface, a charging unit for uniformly charging the surface of the photoconductor, an exposure unit for exposing the surface of the photoconductor, and a toner and a carrier A developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image to form a toner image, a transfer device for transferring the toner image onto a recording medium, and a fixing device for fixing the toner image transferred onto the recording medium. In the image forming apparatus, the developing device includes a first developer agitating and conveying member that agitates and conveys a two-component developer composed of toner and a carrier in opposite directions across a partition plate; A developer agitating / conveying means comprising: a developer agitating / conveying means disposed parallel to the developer agitating / conveying means; a magnet fixed inside; and a developing sleeve rotatably supported on a peripheral surface; Developer carrying component developer The developer agitating / conveying means is opposed to the developer carrier at an intermediate portion between the first developer agitating / conveying member and the second developer agitating / conveying member; agitating transporting members, said is rotatably supported so as to be positioned on the downstream side of the rotation of the developing sleeve with respect to the second developer stirring and conveying member, the magnet is before Symbol first developer stirring and conveying member a magnetic binding force to pump the developer, the axis of the developing sleeve so as to generate a magnetic restraining force for dropping the developer having passed through the developing area facing the image carrier in the second developer stirring and conveying member on An image forming apparatus, wherein a magnetic flux density changes along a direction . 前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域L、 前記現像剤攪拌搬送部材の軸方向へ現像剤を搬送し、第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材から第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域を領域Mとするとき、 前記磁石は、前記領域Lに対向する領域に、現像剤を第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から現像スリーブへ汲み上げた後、前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す磁気拘束力を有し、 前記領域Mに対向する領域では、現像剤を保持しないように配置されている ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の画像形成装置。  A region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member is an area L, and the developer is conveyed in the axial direction of the developer agitating and conveying member, and the first developer agitating and conveying When the region where the developer is transferred from the member to the second developer agitating / conveying member is defined as region M, the magnet is supplied to the region facing the region L from the second developer agitating / conveying member to the developing sleeve. It has a magnetic binding force to deliver the developer to the first developer agitating / conveying member after being pumped up, and is arranged so as not to hold the developer in the region facing the region M. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5. 前記仕切り板の先端は前記領域Lの範囲でカットされ、 前記現像スリーブから離脱した現像剤を前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ誘導するために、前記カットにより形成される仕切り板の端部に該カット部の幅と等しい幅を有する現像剤誘導部材が設けられ、現像剤誘導部材の先端が現像スリーブとの接触点より突き出すように現像剤誘導部材が現像スリーブに当接ている ことを特徴とする求項6に記載の画像形成装置。 The front end of the partition plate is cut in the range of the region L, and in order to guide the developer separated from the developing sleeve to the first developer stirring and conveying member, the end of the partition plate is formed at the end of the partition plate formed by the cut. developer guide member having a width equal to the width of the cut portion is provided, the tip of the developer guide member that the developer guide member so as to project from the contact point between the developing sleeve is abutted against the developing sleeve the image forming apparatus according to Motomeko 6, wherein. 前記第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材から前記第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材へ現像剤を受け渡す領域に、現像剤搬送部材を備え、 該現像剤搬送部材は、複数の突起部を有し、 第2現像剤攪拌搬送部材と第1現像剤攪拌搬送部材とを取り巻くように設けられ、仕切り板の切り欠き部を通過して回転する ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の画像形成装置。  A developer conveying member is provided in a region where the developer is transferred from the second developer agitating and conveying member to the first developer agitating and conveying member, and the developer conveying member has a plurality of protrusions, The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the image forming apparatus is provided so as to surround the developer agitating / conveying member and the first developer agitating / conveying member, and rotates through the notch portion of the partition plate.
JP10981299A 1999-04-16 1999-04-16 Developing device and image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP4093677B2 (en)

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