JP4090599B2 - Welding method for joints - Google Patents

Welding method for joints Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4090599B2
JP4090599B2 JP34342298A JP34342298A JP4090599B2 JP 4090599 B2 JP4090599 B2 JP 4090599B2 JP 34342298 A JP34342298 A JP 34342298A JP 34342298 A JP34342298 A JP 34342298A JP 4090599 B2 JP4090599 B2 JP 4090599B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
welding
joint
steady
plate
depth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP34342298A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2000167663A (en
Inventor
賢司 斉藤
康生 村井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority to JP34342298A priority Critical patent/JP4090599B2/en
Publication of JP2000167663A publication Critical patent/JP2000167663A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4090599B2 publication Critical patent/JP4090599B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は鋼構造物の突合わせ継手、角継手、T継手、十字継手及びはめ込み継手等の溶接に適用される継手の溶接方法に関し、特に、溶接のスタート部からエンド部まで一定の溶込みが得られ、過剰な余盛りが形成されることを防止することができるために、スタート部及びエンド部においても、定常部と同等の継手強度を確保することができる継手の溶接方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図8は従来のT継手の開先部を示す正面図である。図8に示すように、垂直に配置された鋼板1と水平に配置された鋼板2とは垂直に交差するように正面視でT字型に組み立てられており、鋼板2の先端面2bは鋼板1の表面に当接している。
【0003】
図8に示すように組み立てられたT継手においては、いわゆる隅肉溶接により部分溶込み溶接を実施するものである。しかしながら、このような従来の開先端を有するT継手に対し溶接を行うと、溶接の非定常部であるスタート部及びエンド部では定常部と同等の溶け込み深さを得ることができず、継手強度が定常部のそれと比較して低くなる。また、特にスタート部においては余盛りが過多になるため、オーバーラップが発生しやすい。このため、溶接を行う構造物を設計する場合は、スタート部及びエンド部が高い継手強度を要求される部位を避けて配置されるように考慮する必要がある。
【0004】
また、図8に示す従来のT継手は定常部においても深い溶込み深さを確保することが困難であり、高い継手強度を得ることができない。このため、一般的に鋼構造物等においては、突合せ継手、角継手及びT継手等を溶接する場合に、良好な溶込み深さを確保し、所望の継手強度を得るために、少なくとも一方の部材に傾斜した切欠きを形成した後、継手を組み立てて溶接している。
【0005】
図9は従来のT継手の他の開先部を示す正面図である。図9に示すT継手においては、鋼板4の片端面において、その上面から端面に至るように傾斜した切欠き4aが形成されている。そして、図8に示すT継手と同様に垂直に配置された鋼板3と水平に配置された鋼板4とが垂直に交差するように正面視でT字型に組み立てられており、その開先端にレ型の開先部5が形成されていると共に、鋼板4の先端面4bが鋼板3の表面に当接している。
【0006】
このように、鋼板の開先端に傾斜した切欠き4aが形成されていると、溶接時において深い溶込みが得られ、これにより、高い継手強度を得ることができる。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、図9に示す開先端に傾斜した切欠き4aが形成されている鋼板4を使用し銅板3と溶接しても、図8に示すT継手と同様に、非定常部であるスタート部及びエンド部の溶込み深さは定常部と比較して浅いため、継手強度が低くなってしまう。
【0008】
また、図9に示す開先端に傾斜した切欠き4aが形成されている鋼板4を銅板3に溶接する場合、単層溶接により適正量の余盛りを得られる溶接条件を設定すると、ルート部(鋼板4の端面4bと鋼板3との接触部分)において、溶融金属の溶落ちが発生する。また、溶落ちが発生しない溶接条件を設定すると、余盛りが不足することがあるため、溶落ちを発生させずに適正な余盛りを得るために、多層溶接を行うことが多い。その場合に、各層の溶接のスタート位置を溶接線方向に対して一定にすると、スタート部での余盛り過多が蓄積されるので、より一層オーバーラップが発生しやすくなる。
【0009】
更に、図9に示す開先端に傾斜した切欠き4aが形成されている鋼板4を銅板3に溶接する場合、本溶接を行う前に鋼板4と銅板3を仮組みするための仮付け溶接をレ型の開先部5内に施す場合がある。一般的にこのような仮付け溶接の溶接長は短く、本溶接初層のスタート部とエンド部との間に仮付け溶接の溶接ビート全域が配置される場合が多い。この場合に仮付け溶接のスタート部が余盛り過多になっていると、本溶接初層の溶接時に融合不良を発生しやすくなる。
【0010】
更にまた、溶接部の溶込み深さを増大させる方法として、本発明者等による特開平9−262689に記載された方法がある。これは部材の少なくとも一方の開先端に凹凸面を形成して、他方の部材に当接させて溶接する方法である。
【0011】
しかしながら、特開平9−262689に記載された方法は溶接の定常部の溶込み深さを増大させるには極めて効果的であるが、溶接のスタート部及びエンド部の溶込み深さは、この方法による溶接定常部のそれと比較して浅くなる。また、特にスタート部において、図8及び9に示すT継手と同様に余盛り過多になるためオーバーラップが発生しやすくなるという問題点がある。
【0012】
本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、特に、部材の少なくとも一方の開先端に凹凸面を形成して、その凹凸面を他方の部材に当接させて溶接する方法において、溶接のスタート部及びエンド部においても、定常部と同等の溶込み深さが得られ、且つ、余盛り過多によるオーバーラップの発生を防止することができるために、スタート部からエンド部までの溶接部全域において、良好な継手強度を得ることができる継手の溶接方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る継手の溶接方法は、2つの部材の少なくとも一方の部材の開先端に凹凸面を形成し、前記凹凸面を他方の部材に当接し溶接して接合する継手の溶接方法において、溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状が、溶接の定常部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状と異なるものであり、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の凹凸面において隣接する凹部の最深部から最深部までの凹部間距離Pが、前記定常部にあたる部位の凹凸面において隣接する凹部の最深部から最深部までの凹部間距離P 0 よりも大きいことを特徴とする。
【0014】
本発明方法においては、2つの部材の少なくとも一方の部材の開先端に凹凸面を形成し、前記凹凸面を他方の部材に当接し溶接して接合する継手の溶接方法において、溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状が、溶接の定常部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状と異なるため、溶込み深さ及び余盛り形状を溶接の定常部、溶接の非定常部であるスタート部及びエンド部の3箇所において別々に制御することができ、溶接部全体において、均一な強度を得ることができる。
【0015】
ここで、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の凹部深さD及び隣接する凹部間距離Pは、スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位全体において均一である必要はなく、例えば、スタート部にあたる部位において、凹部深さDが定常部にあたる部位の凹部深さD0よりも大きな値からD0まで徐々に減少していくようなものでもよい。
【0016】
また、前記凹部間距離P0に対し、前記凹部間距離Pを1.1×P0乃至1.5×P0とすることが好ましい。ここで、前記凹部間距離Pは、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の両方共に前記凹部間距離P0と比較して大きい必要はなく、少なくとも一方が大きければよい。
【0017】
このように、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の凹凸面において隣接する凹部間距離Pが、前記定常部にあたる部位の凹凸面において隣接する凹部間距離P0よりも大きいと、凹部によるギャップの効果が増大するため、溶込み深さが深くなる。また、溶融金属が凹部に入り込みやすくなるため、余盛り過多になることを防止することができる。これにより、継手強度を向上させることができる。
【0018】
また、前記凹部間距離P0に対し、前記凹部間距離PがP<1.1×P0であると、所望の溶込み深さの増大及び余盛り過多防止の効果が得られなくなる。一方、P>1.5×P0であると、溶融金属の溶落ちが発生しやすくなる。従って、凹部間距離P0に対し、凹部間距離Pが1.1×P0乃至1.5×P0であることが好ましい。
【0019】
更にまた、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の凹凸面における凹部深さDが、前記定常部にあたる部位の凹凸面における凹部深さD0よりも大きくてもよく、前記凹部深さD0に対し、前記凹部深さDを1.1×D0乃至1.4×D0とすることが好ましい。ここで、前記凹部深さDは、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の両方共に前記凹部深さD0と比較して大きい必要はなく、少なくとも一方が大きければよい。
【0020】
このように、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の凹凸面における凹部深さDが、前記定常部にあたる部位の凹凸面における凹部深さD0よりも大きいと、凹部によるギャップの効果が増大するため、溶込み深さが深くなる。また、溶融金属が凹部に入り込みやすくなるため、余盛り過多になることを防止することができる。これにより、継手強度を向上させることができる。
【0021】
また、前記凹部深さD0に対し、前記凹部深さDがD<1.1×D0であると所望の溶込み深さの増大及び余盛り過多防止の効果が得られなくなる。一方、D>1.4×D0であると、溶融金属の溶落ちが発生しやすくなる。従って、凹部深さD0に対し、凹部深さDが1.1×D0乃至1.4×D0であることが好ましい。
【0022】
更にまた、前記溶接の定常部にあたる部位の溶込み深さT0に対し、前記溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の溶込み深さTを0.8×T0以上とすることが好ましく、また、前記溶接の定常部にあたる部位の余盛り高さY0に対し、前記溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の余盛り高さYを0.8×Y0乃至1.2×Y0とすることが好ましい。
【0023】
本発明方法により、継手の溶接を行うと、前記溶接の定常部にあたる部位の溶込み深さT0に対し、前記溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の溶込み深さTを0.8×T0以上とすることができる。ここで、スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の溶込み深さTを定常部にあたる部位の溶込み深さT0に対し、0.8×T0以上とするために、定常部にあたる部位の溶接条件とスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の溶接条件とを変える必要はなく、スタート部から定常部を経てエンド部に至るまで同一の溶接条件によって、前記0.8×T0≦T以上の溶込み深さを得ることができる。このため、継手強度を向上させることができる。
【0024】
なお、溶込み深さTは0.8×T0以上であれば、その効果は十分であり、深さTの上限値は特に決める必要はないが、深さTが1.2×T0を越えても、その効果に変わりはなく、一方、溶接条件の変更が必要となる場合があるので、深さTは1.2×T0以下とすれば十分である。
【0025】
また、本発明方法により、継手の溶接を行うと、前記溶接の定常部にあたる部位の余盛り高さY0に対し、前記溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の余盛り高さYを0.8×Y0乃至1.2×Y0とすることができる。ここで、スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の溶込み深さTを定常部にあたる部位の余盛り高さY0に対し、0.8×Y0≦Y≦1.2×Y0の範囲にするために、定常部にあたる部位の溶接条件とスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の溶接条件とを変える必要はなく、スタート部から定常部を経てエンド部に至るまで同一の溶接条件によって、前記0.8×Y0≦Y≦1.2×Y0の範囲の余盛り高さを得ることができる。
【0026】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例に係る継手の溶接方法について、添付の図面を参照して具体的に説明する。図1(a)は本発明の実施例に係る継手の開先形状を示す平面図、(b)はその正面図である。
【0027】
図1(a)及び(b)に示すように、T継手21を構成する板状部材6の一方の端面には、板状部材6の表面から裏面に延びるように、複数個の溝状の凹部が形成されている。その凹部は3種類形成されており、溶接を始める側から順にスタート部、定常部及びエンド部とすると、スタート部、定常部及びエンド部にあたる部位に、夫々凹部6a、6b及び6cが複数個形成されており、また、凹部6bの凹部深さに対し、凹部6a及び6cの凹部深さは深くなっている。従って、図1(a)に示すように、板状部材6の一方の端面においては、平面視で両端部で凹部深さが深く、中央部で凹部深さが浅い波形の凹凸面23が形成されている。
【0028】
そして、垂直に配置された板状部材7の表面に水平に配置された板状部材6の凹部6a乃至6cが形成された凹凸面23が当接し、板状部材6と板状部材7とが垂直に交差するように正面視でT字型に組み立てられている。
【0029】
このようにT継手21を組み立てた後、板状部材6の凹凸面23に沿って、スタート部側の凹部6aから溶接を行い、定常部の凹部6bを経て、エンド部の凹部6cまで溶接を行う。そうすると、スタート部及びエンド部の凹部深さが定常部のそれと比較して大きいため、スタート部及びエンド部においてギャップの効果が大きく、深い溶込みを容易に得ることができ、特開平9−262689に記載された方法のようにスタート部及びエンド部の溶込み深さが定常部のそれと比較して浅くなることがなく、スタート部及びエンド部においても、定常部と同等の溶込み深さを得ることができる。
【0030】
また、スタート部及びエンド部の余盛り形状についても、スタート部の凹部6a及びエンド部の凹部6cの深さが定常部の凹部6bの深さと比較して大きいため、溶融金属が凹部に容易に入り込むことができ、余盛り過多によるオーバーラップの発生を防止することができる。
【0031】
このように本実施例においては、スタート部からエンド部までの溶接部の全域において健全で均一な継手強度を得ることができる。
【0032】
更に、スタート部の凹部6a及びエンド部の凹部6cの深さDを定常部の凹部6bの深さD0と比較して大きくする代わりに、スタート部及びエンド部の隣接する凹部間の距離Pを定常部の隣接する凹部間の距離P0と比較して大きくすることによっても、スタート部及びエンド部は定常部と比較してギャップの効果が大きく、また、溶融金属が凹部に容易に入り込むことができるため、同様の効果を得ることができる。
【0033】
本実施例においては、T継手の例について示したが、例えば、突合せ継手、角継手、十字継手及びはめ込み継手においても同様の効果を得ることができる。
【0034】
【実施例】
以下、本発明に係る溶接方法を使用して得られた継手の実施例について、その比較例と比較して具体的に説明する。
【0035】
先ず、本発明に係る継手の溶接方法による実施例としては、溶接の定常部にあたる凹部の深さD0を一定にし、溶接のスタート部にあたる部位の凹部の深さDを種々変化させた開先端を有する板状部材を作製し、T継手を組み立てた後に溶接を行い、スタート部及び定常部における溶込み深さ比較試験を実施した。また、比較例としては、スタート部及び定常部における凹部深さが一定の開先端を有する板状部材を作製し、T継手を組み立てた後に溶接を行い、同様に溶込み深さ比較試験を実施した。
【0036】
図2(a)は溶込み深さ比較試験の比較例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその凹凸形状及びサイズを示す平面図である。また、図3(a)は溶込み深さ比較試験の実施例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその凹凸形状及びサイズを示す平面図である。
【0037】
比較例としては、図2(a)及び(b)に示すように、板厚が10mmの板状部材8に対し、凹部深さが2.5mm、隣接する凹部間距離が7mmとなるようにガス切断により凹部を形成し、垂直に配置され板厚が12mmの板状部材9と水平に配置された板状部材8とが垂直に交差するように、板状部材9の表面に板状部材8の凹凸面の凸部の頂点を当接して組み立てたT継手を使用した。なお、板状部材8はその上面が板状部材9の端面9aから10mmの位置になるように配置した。
【0038】
また、実施例としては、図3(a)及び(b)に示すように、板状部材8の代わりに、溶接の定常部の凹部深さは板状部材8と同じ2.5mmであるが、溶接のスタート部にあたる部位に、約30mmの長さにわたり凹部深さDを変化させた板状部材10を使用した。それ以外の寸法は板状部材8と同じである。また、垂直に配置された板状部材11は板状部材9と同形状である。なお、板状部材10はその上面が板状部材11の端面11aから10mmの位置になるように配置した。
【0039】
このような2種類のT継手に対して同一の溶接条件により溶接し、溶接後に溶接部の断面マクロを2断面採取して、溶込み深さを測定し、その平均値により、溶込み深さを評価した。但し、溶接は直径が1.2mmの溶接ワイヤを使用し、自動MAG溶接とした。溶接条件を下記表1に示し、評価結果を下記表2に示す。
【0040】
【表1】

Figure 0004090599
【0041】
【表2】
Figure 0004090599
【0042】
上記表1及び2に示すように、溶接の定常部及びスタート部の凹凸形状が同一の開先端を有する板状部材を使用した比較例No.6の継手においては、スタート部の溶込み深さが定常部のそれと比較して極端に浅くなる。しかしながら、実施例No.2乃至4の継手においては、スタート部の溶込み深さは定常部のそれと同等であった。
【0043】
また、実施例No.1においては、比較例No.6と比較してスタート部の溶込み深さが大きいが、定常部と同等の溶込み深さを得ることはできなかった。更に、実施例No.5においては、スタート部において、溶融金属の溶落ちが発生したため、測定を中止した。
【0044】
これらの結果により、良好な継手強度を得るための溶接部のスタート部における凹部深さDは、溶接の定常部における凹部深さD0に依存し、凹部深さD0に対し、凹部深さDを1.1×D0乃至1.4×D0とすると、スタート部においても定常部と同等の溶込み深さを得ることができる。また、このとき、スタート部における溶込み深さTは定常部における溶込み深さT0に対し、0.8×T0以上となっている。
【0045】
次に、本発明に係る溶接方法によりT継手を溶接した場合のスタート部における余盛り過多の防止効果を調査するために、図4(a)及び(b)に示すT継手を作製した。図4(a)は余盛り過多の防止効果調査の実施例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。また、図5(a)は余盛り過多の防止効果調査の比較例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。
【0046】
本実施例としては、図4(a)及び(b)に示すように、板厚が12mmの板状部材12の片端面に対し、その上面から端面に至るように45°に傾斜した切欠き12aが形成されており、その端面の板厚方向の長さは5mmとなっている。更にその端面に凹凸面が形成されている。この凹凸面には凹部深さが1.0mmの凹部12b及び12dが両端部に複数個配置され、凹部深さが凹部12b及び12dより深いD(mm)の凹部12cが中間部に複数個配置されて構成されている。ここで、凹部12b、12c及び12dの全てにおいて隣接する凹部間距離は5mmとなっている。そして、垂直に配置され板厚が14mmの板状部材13の表面に水平に配置された板状部材12の凹凸面の凸部の頂点が当接し、板状部材12と板状部材13とが垂直に交差するように正面視でT字型に組み立てられている。なお、板状部材12はその上面が板状部材13の端面13aから12mmの位置になるように配置されている。
【0047】
なお、溶接はレ型の開先部内に面内仮取付けをした後、本溶接を行うものを模擬し、凹部12cから凹部12dに至る溶接した後に、その上に凹部12bから凹部12cを経て凹部12dに至る溶接を行う2層溶接とした。ただし、溶接は直径が1.4mmの溶接ワイヤを使用し、自動CO2溶接とした。
【0048】
比較例としては、図5(a)及び(b)に示すように、板状部材12の代わりに、凹部深さが全て1.0mmの板状部材14を使用したT継手を作製し、同様の試験を行った。板状部材14は凹部深さ以外の寸法は板状部材12と同じである。また、垂直に配置された板状部材15は板状部材13と同形状である。なお、板状部材14はその上面が板状部材15の端面15aから12mmの位置になるように配置されている。
【0049】
このような2種類のT継手に対して同一の溶接条件により溶接し、溶接後にX線透過試験を行い、溶接1層目のスタート部(凹部12cの部位)において、融合不良が発生しているものを余盛り過多と判断し×として、融合不良が発生していないものを○とした。溶接条件を下記表3に示し、評価結果を下記表4に示す。
【0050】
【表3】
Figure 0004090599
【0051】
【表4】
Figure 0004090599
【0052】
上記表3及び4に示すように、比較例No.10のようにスタート部と定常部の凹部深さが同一のものにおいては、溶接1層目のスタート部の余盛りが過多になりオーバーラップ傾向にあったため、2層目の溶接を行っても溶融金属を溶かし切ることができず、溶接1層目のスタート部に融合不良が発生した。
【0053】
また、実施例No.7及び8においては、1層目の溶接時にスタート部の溶融金属が凹部に入り込み、余盛り過多になることなく溶接することができるため、2層目の溶接ビートをその上に重ねても、融合不良は発生しなかった。即ち、本発明方法により溶接することによって、継手のスタート部における余盛り過多を防止することができ、これにより、オーバーラップの発生を防止することができる。
【0054】
また、実施例No.9は溶融金属の溶落ちが発生したため、1層目で溶接を中断した。
【0055】
これらの結果により、良好な継手強度を得るための溶接部のスタート部における凹部深さDは、溶接の定常部における凹部深さD0に依存し、凹部深さD0に対し、凹部深さDを1.1×D0乃至1.4×D0とすると、スタート部において、融合不良が発生せず、余盛り過多を防止することができる。
【0056】
次に、本発明に係る溶接方法によりT継手を溶接した場合における隣接する凹部間距離の溶込み深さ及び余盛り高さに及ぼす影響を調査した。
【0057】
図6(a)は凹部間距離の影響調査の実施例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。また、図7(a)は凹部間距離の影響調査の比較例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。
【0058】
実施例としては、図6(a)及び(b)に示すように、板状部材16は板厚が14mmであって、その上面から端面に至るように45°に傾斜した切欠き16aが形成されている。また、その端面の板厚方向の長さは6mmであり、更にその端面に凹凸面が形成されている。
【0059】
この凹凸面においては、溶接の定常部にあたる部位の凹部16cにおける隣接する凹部間距離Pが6mmで一定であり、溶接のスタート部にあたる部位の凹部16bにおける約30mmの長さにおいて、隣接する凹部間距離Pを種々変化させた。但し、凹部深さは凹部16b及び16c共に1.5mmで同一である。
【0060】
この板状部材16を水平に配置し、垂直に配置された板厚が16mmの板状部材17と垂直に交差するように、板状部材17の表面に板状部材16の凹凸面の凸部の頂点を当接して組み立てたT継手を作製した。なお、板状部材16はその上面が板状部材17の端面17aから14mmの位置になるように配置した。
【0061】
また、比較例としては、図7(a)及び(b)に示すように、板状部材16の代わりに、凹部深さが1.5mmであると共に、隣接する凹部間距離が6mmで一定の凹凸形状を有する板状部材18を使用した。それ以外の寸法は板状部材16と同じである。また、垂直に配置された板状部材19は板状部材と同形状である。なお、板状部材18はその上面が板状部材19の端面19aから14mmの位置になるように配置した。
【0062】
このような2種類のT継手に対して、実施例としては、溶接の定常部にあたる凹部16cの隣接する凹部間距離P0を一定にし、溶接のスタート部にあたる部位の凹部16bの隣接する凹部間距離Pを種々変化させた開先端を有する板状部材を作製し、T継手を組み立てた後に1層溶接又は2層溶接を行い、スタート部及び定常部における溶込み深さ及び余盛り高さの比較試験を行った。ここで、T継手の試験体は1個の凹凸形状に対し夫々2体ずつ作製し、2体の試験体に対して同一の溶接条件により、凹部16b側から溶接をスタートして第1層目の溶接を行った後に、一方の試験体のスタート部にあたる部位(凹部16b)及び定常部にあたる部位(凹部16c)の断面マクロを採取し、溶込み深さを測定した。また、他方の試験体に対しては、第1層目の溶接後、第2層目の溶接を行い、その後に脚長を測定し、それを余盛り高さの評価に置き換えた。
【0063】
また、比較例としては、スタート部及び定常部における隣接する凹部間距離が一定の開先端を有する板状部材を作製し、T継手を組み立てた後に、同様の溶接及び評価を行った。但し、溶接は直径が1.4mmの溶接ワイヤを使用し、自動MAG溶接とした。
【0064】
前述した方法により溶接を行った後、溶込み深さ及び脚長の評価を行った。なお、脚長については、適正量の脚長が得られたものを○、適正量に満たなかったものを△、オーバーラップになったものを×とした。溶接条件を下記表5に示し、評価結果を下記表2に示す。
【0065】
【表5】
Figure 0004090599
【0066】
【表6】
Figure 0004090599
【0067】
上記表5及び6に示すように、溶接のスタート部にあたる部位の隣接する凹部間距離を定常部より大きく設定することにより、凹部深さを大きくする場合と同様に、溶込み深さの増大効果が得られた。即ち、比較例17のように、スタート部及び定常部の隣接する凹部間距離が同一のものでは、スタート部おける溶込み深さが定常部における溶込み深さと比較して極端に浅くなるのに対し、実施例11乃至15のスタート部では比較例17のスタート部と比較して、深い溶込みが得られている。
【0068】
しかしながら、実施例11のスタート部においては、比較例17のスタート部と比較して若干の溶込み深さの増加は認められるものの、その効果は小さい。従って、溶融金属の凹部への入り込みも少ない為に、第1層目において、定常部と比較してスタート部は余盛り過多となっており、このため、第2層目の溶接時にスタート部でオーバーラップが発生した。
【0069】
また、実施例12乃至14ではスタート部の凹部間距離を適正な値にしたので、スタート部の溶込み深さは定常部の溶込み深さと同等となり、脚長も適正量が得られた。
【0070】
更に、実施例15では、溶込み深さは定常部以上のものが得られたが、溶落ちを起こす寸前の状態であり、溶融金属が凹部に過多に入り込んだ為、第1層目において、定常部と比較してスタート部の余盛りが少なく、従って、第2層目の溶接後にも適正量の脚長が得られなかった。
【0071】
更に、また、実施例16では、実施例15よりもスタート部の凹部間距離を更に大きく設定したため、第1層目の溶接時に溶落ちを発生し、試験を中断した。
【0072】
これらの結果により、良好な継手強度を得るための溶接部のスタート部における凹部間距離Pは、溶接の定常部における凹部間距離P0に依存し、凹部間距離P0に対し、凹部間距離Pを1.1×P0乃至1.5×P0とすると、スタート部において、定常部と同様の溶込み深さ及び脚長を得ることができ、これにより、継手強度を向上させることができる。
【0073】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、溶接のスタート部及びエンド部における溶込み深さが定常部と比較して浅くなることがなく、また、スタート部において、余盛り過多によるオーバーラップの発生を防止することができる。このため、スタート部からエンド部に至るまでの溶接ビード全域において、健全で均一な継手強度を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(a)は本発明の実施例に係る継手の開先形状を示す平面図、(b)はその正面図である。
【図2】(a)は溶込み深さ比較試験の比較例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその凹凸形状及びサイズを示す平面図である。
【図3】(a)は溶込み深さ比較試験の実施例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその凹凸形状及びサイズを示す平面図である。
【図4】(a)は余盛り過多の防止効果調査の実施例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。
【図5】(a)は余盛り過多の防止効果調査の比較例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。
【図6】(a)は凹部間距離の影響調査の実施例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。
【図7】(a)は凹部間距離の影響調査の比較例に使用したT継手の形状及びサイズを示す正面図であり、(b)はその平面図である。
【図8】従来のT継手の開先部を示す正面図である。
【図9】従来のT継手の他の開先部を示す正面図である。
【符号の説明】
1、2、3、4;鋼板
2b、4b;先端面
4a、12a、14a、16a、18a;切欠き
5;開先部
6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13,14,15、16、17、18、19;板状部材
6a、6b、6c、12b、12c、12d、16b、16c;凹部
9a、11a、13a、15a、17a、19a;端面
21;T継手
23;凹凸面[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a welding method of a joint applied to welding of a butt joint, a square joint, a T joint, a cruciform joint, an inset joint, and the like of a steel structure, and in particular, a constant penetration from the start part to the end part of the welding. The present invention relates to a joint welding method that can prevent the formation of excessive surplus, and can ensure joint strength equivalent to that of a steady portion even at a start portion and an end portion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a groove portion of a conventional T joint. As shown in FIG. 8, the steel plate 1 arranged vertically and the steel plate 2 arranged horizontally are assembled in a T shape so as to intersect perpendicularly, and the front end surface 2b of the steel plate 2 is a steel plate. 1 is in contact with the surface.
[0003]
In the T joint assembled as shown in FIG. 8, partial penetration welding is performed by so-called fillet welding. However, when welding is performed on such a conventional T-joint having an open tip, it is not possible to obtain a penetration depth equivalent to that of the steady portion at the start portion and end portion, which are unsteady portions of the weld, and the strength of the joint. Is lower than that of the stationary part. In addition, since the surplus is excessive particularly in the start portion, overlap is likely to occur. For this reason, when designing a structure to be welded, it is necessary to consider so that the start portion and the end portion are disposed so as to avoid portions where high joint strength is required.
[0004]
Moreover, it is difficult for the conventional T joint shown in FIG. 8 to ensure a deep penetration depth even in the steady portion, and high joint strength cannot be obtained. For this reason, in general, in steel structures, when welding butt joints, square joints, T joints, etc., at least one of them is required in order to secure a good penetration depth and obtain a desired joint strength. After forming the inclined notch in the member, the joint is assembled and welded.
[0005]
FIG. 9 is a front view showing another groove portion of a conventional T joint. In the T joint shown in FIG. 9, a notch 4 a that is inclined from the upper surface to the end surface is formed on one end surface of the steel plate 4. As in the case of the T joint shown in FIG. 8, the steel plate 3 arranged vertically and the steel plate 4 arranged horizontally are assembled in a T shape so as to intersect vertically, A re-shaped groove portion 5 is formed, and a front end surface 4 b of the steel plate 4 is in contact with the surface of the steel plate 3.
[0006]
As described above, when the inclined notch 4a is formed at the open end of the steel plate, deep penetration can be obtained during welding, and thereby high joint strength can be obtained.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even if the steel plate 4 having the notch 4a inclined at the open tip shown in FIG. 9 is used and welded to the copper plate 3, the start portion and the unsteady portion as well as the T joint shown in FIG. Since the penetration depth of the end portion is shallower than that of the steady portion, the joint strength becomes low.
[0008]
Moreover, when welding the steel plate 4 in which the notch 4a inclined at the open tip shown in FIG. 9 is welded to the copper plate 3, when setting a welding condition capable of obtaining an appropriate amount of surplus by single layer welding, the root portion ( At the contact portion between the end face 4b of the steel plate 4 and the steel plate 3, the molten metal is melted down. Further, if welding conditions are set so as not to cause melting, surplus may be insufficient. Therefore, multilayer welding is often performed in order to obtain an appropriate surplus without causing melting. In this case, if the welding start position of each layer is made constant with respect to the welding line direction, excess surplus at the start portion is accumulated, so that overlap is more likely to occur.
[0009]
Furthermore, when welding the steel plate 4 in which the notch 4a inclined at the open tip shown in FIG. 9 is welded to the copper plate 3, tack welding for temporarily assembling the steel plate 4 and the copper plate 3 is performed before performing the main welding. There are cases in which it is applied in the groove portion 5 of the mold. In general, the welding length of such tack welding is short, and the entire welding beat of the tack welding is often arranged between the start portion and the end portion of the main welding initial layer. In this case, if the start part of the tack welding is excessively overfilled, a fusion failure is likely to occur during welding of the first layer of the main welding.
[0010]
Furthermore, as a method for increasing the penetration depth of the welded portion, there is a method described in JP-A-9-262689 by the present inventors. This is a method in which an uneven surface is formed at the open tip of at least one of the members and is brought into contact with the other member and welded.
[0011]
However, the method described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-262689 is extremely effective in increasing the penetration depth of the steady portion of welding, but the penetration depth of the start and end portions of welding is determined by this method. It becomes shallower than that of the steady welding part. Also, particularly at the start portion, there is a problem that overlap is likely to occur due to excessive surplus similarly to the T joint shown in FIGS.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and in particular, in a method of forming an uneven surface at the open tip of at least one of the members and contacting the uneven surface with the other member for welding, In the welding start part and end part, the same penetration depth as that of the steady part can be obtained, and the occurrence of overlap due to excessive overfilling can be prevented, so welding from the start part to the end part is possible. It aims at providing the welding method of the joint which can obtain favorable joint strength in the whole region.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The joint welding method according to the present invention is a joint welding method in which an uneven surface is formed at an open end of at least one of two members, and the uneven surface is in contact with the other member and welded to join. The shape of the concavo-convex surface at the portion corresponding to the start portion or the end portion is different from the shape of the concavo-convex surface at the portion corresponding to the steady portion of welding.The distance P between the recesses from the deepest part to the deepest part of the recesses adjacent to at least one uneven surface of the part corresponding to the start part or the end part is the deepest of the recesses adjacent to the uneven surface of the part corresponding to the steady part. Distance P from recess to deepest part 0 Bigger thanIt is characterized by that.
[0014]
In the method of the present invention, in a welding method for a joint in which an uneven surface is formed at an open tip of at least one member of two members, and the uneven surface is in contact with the other member and welded, the welding start portion or Since the shape of the uneven surface of the portion corresponding to the end portion is different from the shape of the uneven surface of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of welding, the penetration depth and the extra shape are the steady portion of welding and the unsteady portion of welding. It is possible to control separately at the three positions of the part and the end part, and uniform strength can be obtained in the entire welded part.
[0015]
Here, the concave portion depth D of the portion corresponding to the start portion or the end portion and the distance P between the adjacent concave portions need not be uniform in the entire portion corresponding to the start portion or the end portion. For example, in the portion corresponding to the start portion, the concave portion Depth D of the part where the depth D corresponds to the stationary part0Greater than D0It may be something that gradually decreases until.
[0016]
  Also,in frontDistance P between recesses0In contrast, the distance P between the recesses is 1.1 × P.0To 1.5 × P0It is preferable that Here, the distance P between the recesses is the distance P between the recesses in both the start part and the end part.0It is not necessary to be larger than at least, and it is sufficient that at least one of them is larger.
[0017]
As described above, the distance P between the concave portions adjacent to each other on the concave / convex surface of the portion corresponding to the start portion or the end portion is equal to the distance P between the concave portions adjacent to the concave / convex surface of the portion corresponding to the steady portion.0If it is larger than that, the effect of the gap due to the concave portion is increased, so that the penetration depth becomes deep. Moreover, since it becomes easy for a molten metal to enter into a recessed part, it can prevent becoming excessive surplus. Thereby, joint strength can be improved.
[0018]
Further, the distance P between the recesses0In contrast, the distance P between the recesses is P <1.1 × P0If it is, the effect of the increase of the desired penetration depth and the prevention of excessive overfilling cannot be obtained. On the other hand, P> 1.5 × P0When it is, it will become easy to generate | occur | produce the molten metal. Therefore, the distance P between the recesses0On the other hand, the distance P between the recesses is 1.1 × P0To 1.5 × P0It is preferable that
[0019]
Furthermore, the concave portion depth D on the concave / convex surface of the portion corresponding to the steady portion is equal to the concave portion depth D on the concave / convex surface of the portion corresponding to the steady portion.0Greater than the recess depth D0In contrast, the recess depth D is 1.1 × D.0To 1.4 × D0It is preferable that Here, the concave portion depth D is the concave portion depth D for both the start portion and the end portion.0It is not necessary to be larger than at least, and it is sufficient that at least one of them is larger.
[0020]
Thus, the recess depth D in the uneven surface of at least one of the portions corresponding to the start portion or the end portion is the recess depth D in the uneven surface of the portion corresponding to the steady portion.0If it is larger than that, the effect of the gap due to the concave portion is increased, so that the penetration depth becomes deep. Moreover, since it becomes easy for a molten metal to enter into a recessed part, it can prevent becoming excessive surplus. Thereby, joint strength can be improved.
[0021]
The recess depth D0On the other hand, the depth D of the recess is D <1.1 × D0If this is the case, the desired effect of increasing the penetration depth and preventing excessive overfilling cannot be obtained. On the other hand, D> 1.4 × D0When it is, it will become easy to generate | occur | produce the molten metal. Therefore, the recess depth D0On the other hand, the recess depth D is 1.1 × D0To 1.4 × D0It is preferable that
[0022]
Furthermore, the penetration depth T of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of the welding is as follows.0In contrast, the penetration depth T of at least one of the parts corresponding to the start or end of the welding is 0.8 × T.0Preferably, the height Y of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of the welding is Y.0On the other hand, the extra height Y of at least one of the portions corresponding to the start or end of the welding is set to 0.8 × Y.0To 1.2 × Y0It is preferable that
[0023]
When the joint is welded by the method of the present invention, the penetration depth T of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of the welding is described.0In contrast, the penetration depth T of at least one of the parts corresponding to the start or end of the welding is 0.8 × T.0This can be done. Here, the penetration depth T of the portion corresponding to the start portion or the end portion is defined as the penetration depth T of the portion corresponding to the steady portion.0In contrast, 0.8 × T0In order to achieve the above, it is not necessary to change the welding conditions of the part corresponding to the steady part and the welding conditions of the part corresponding to the start part or the end part, and according to the same welding conditions from the start part to the end part through the steady part, 0.8 × T0A penetration depth of ≦ T or more can be obtained. For this reason, joint strength can be improved.
[0024]
The penetration depth T is 0.8 × T.0If it is above, the effect is sufficient, and there is no need to determine the upper limit value of the depth T, but the depth T is 1.2 × T0However, since the effect may not be changed even if it exceeds the range, it may be necessary to change the welding conditions, so the depth T is 1.2 × T.0The following is sufficient.
[0025]
Further, when the joint is welded by the method of the present invention, the extra height Y of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of the welding0On the other hand, the extra height Y of at least one of the portions corresponding to the start or end of the welding is set to 0.8 × Y.0To 1.2 × Y0It can be. Here, the penetration depth T of the part corresponding to the start part or the end part is set to the extra height Y of the part corresponding to the steady part.00.8 × Y0≦ Y ≦ 1.2 × Y0Therefore, it is not necessary to change the welding condition of the part corresponding to the steady part and the welding condition of the part corresponding to the start part or the end part, according to the same welding condition from the start part to the end part through the steady part, 0.8 × Y0≦ Y ≦ 1.2 × Y0An extra height in the range of can be obtained.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a joint welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig.1 (a) is a top view which shows the groove shape of the joint which concerns on the Example of this invention, (b) is the front view.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, one end surface of the plate-like member 6 constituting the T joint 21 has a plurality of groove-like shapes extending from the surface of the plate-like member 6 to the back surface. A recess is formed. There are three types of recesses. If the start part, the steady part, and the end part are formed in this order from the start of welding, a plurality of recesses 6a, 6b, and 6c are formed at the start part, the steady part, and the end part. In addition, the recess depths of the recesses 6a and 6c are deeper than the recess depth of the recess 6b. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), on one end surface of the plate-like member 6, a corrugated concavo-convex surface 23 having a deep concave portion at both end portions and a shallow concave portion at the central portion is formed in plan view. Has been.
[0028]
And the uneven surface 23 in which the recessed part 6a thru | or 6c of the plate-like member 6 arrange | positioned horizontally contact | abuts on the surface of the plate-like member 7 arrange | positioned vertically contact | abuts, and the plate-like member 6 and the plate-like member 7 contact | abut. It is assembled in a T shape in front view so as to intersect vertically.
[0029]
After assembling the T joint 21 in this way, welding is performed from the concave portion 6a on the start portion side along the concave and convex surface 23 of the plate-like member 6, and is welded to the concave portion 6c of the end portion through the concave portion 6b of the steady portion. Do. Then, since the depth of the recesses in the start and end portions is larger than that in the steady portion, the effect of the gap is large in the start and end portions, and deep penetration can be easily obtained. The penetration depth of the start part and end part does not become shallower than that of the steady part as in the method described in the above, and the same penetration depth as that of the steady part is also obtained in the start part and end part. Obtainable.
[0030]
In addition, since the depth of the recessed portion 6a of the start portion and the recessed portion 6c of the end portion is larger than the depth of the recessed portion 6b of the steady portion, the molten metal can be easily formed in the recessed portion. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of overlap due to excessive surplus.
[0031]
Thus, in the present embodiment, a sound and uniform joint strength can be obtained in the entire welded portion from the start portion to the end portion.
[0032]
Further, the depth D of the concave portion 6a of the start portion and the concave portion 6c of the end portion is set to the depth D of the concave portion 6b of the steady portion.0Instead of increasing the distance P, the distance P between the adjacent concave portions of the start portion and the end portion is changed to the distance P between the adjacent concave portions of the stationary portion.0Even if the size is larger than that of the stationary portion, the gap between the start portion and the end portion is larger than that of the stationary portion, and the molten metal can easily enter the concave portion, so that the same effect can be obtained. it can.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, an example of a T joint has been described, but the same effect can be obtained in, for example, a butt joint, a corner joint, a cross joint, and a fitting joint.
[0034]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of joints obtained by using the welding method according to the present invention will be specifically described in comparison with comparative examples.
[0035]
First, as an embodiment of the joint welding method according to the present invention, a depth D of a concave portion corresponding to a steady portion of welding is described.0Is made, plate-like members having open tips with various depths of the recesses D corresponding to the start of welding are varied, welding is performed after the T-joint is assembled, and penetration at the start and steady parts A depth comparison test was conducted. In addition, as a comparative example, a plate-like member having an open tip with a constant recess depth in the start part and the steady part is prepared, and welding is performed after the T joint is assembled, and a penetration depth comparison test is similarly performed. did.
[0036]
Fig.2 (a) is a front view which shows the shape and size of the T joint used for the comparative example of the penetration depth comparison test, (b) is a top view which shows the uneven | corrugated shape and size. Moreover, Fig.3 (a) is a front view which shows the shape and size of the T joint used for the Example of the penetration depth comparison test, (b) is a top view which shows the uneven | corrugated shape and size.
[0037]
As a comparative example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), with respect to a plate-like member 8 having a plate thickness of 10 mm, the recess depth is 2.5 mm and the distance between adjacent recesses is 7 mm. A plate-like member is formed on the surface of the plate-like member 9 such that a concave portion is formed by gas cutting, and the plate-like member 9 arranged vertically and having a plate thickness of 12 mm intersects the plate-like member 8 arranged horizontally. A T-joint assembled by contacting the apexes of the convex portions of the irregular surface 8 was used. The plate-like member 8 was arranged so that the upper surface thereof was at a position 10 mm from the end surface 9 a of the plate-like member 9.
[0038]
In addition, as an example, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, instead of the plate-like member 8, the concave portion depth of the steady portion of welding is 2.5 mm, which is the same as that of the plate-like member 8. The plate-like member 10 in which the concave portion depth D was changed over a length of about 30 mm was used at the site corresponding to the welding start portion. Other dimensions are the same as those of the plate-like member 8. Further, the plate-like member 11 arranged vertically has the same shape as the plate-like member 9. The plate-like member 10 was arranged so that the upper surface thereof was at a position 10 mm from the end surface 11 a of the plate-like member 11.
[0039]
These two types of T-joints are welded under the same welding conditions, and after welding, two cross-sectional macros of the welded portion are sampled and the penetration depth is measured. Evaluated. However, welding used automatic MAG welding using a welding wire having a diameter of 1.2 mm. The welding conditions are shown in Table 1 below, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0040]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004090599
[0041]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004090599
[0042]
As shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, Comparative Example No. 1 using a plate-like member having an open tip having the same concave and convex shapes of the welding steady portion and the start portion. In the joint of No. 6, the penetration depth of the start part is extremely shallow compared with that of the steady part. However, Example No. In 2 to 4 joints, the penetration depth of the start part was equivalent to that of the steady part.
[0043]
In addition, Example No. In Comparative Example No. 1 Although the penetration depth of the start portion was larger than that of 6, the penetration depth equivalent to that of the steady portion could not be obtained. Furthermore, Example No. In No. 5, the measurement was stopped because molten metal fell off at the start portion.
[0044]
Based on these results, the recess depth D at the start of the weld to obtain good joint strength is equal to the recess depth D at the steady portion of the weld.0Depending on the recess depth D0In contrast, the recess depth D is 1.1 × D0To 1.4 × D0Then, the penetration depth equivalent to the steady portion can be obtained also in the start portion. At this time, the penetration depth T at the start portion is equal to the penetration depth T at the steady portion.0In contrast, 0.8 × T0That's it.
[0045]
Next, in order to investigate the effect of preventing excessive overfilling at the start portion when the T joint was welded by the welding method according to the present invention, the T joint shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B was produced. Fig.4 (a) is a front view which shows the shape and size of T joint used for the Example of the prevention effect investigation of excess surplus, (b) is the top view. Moreover, Fig.5 (a) is a front view which shows the shape and size of the T joint used for the comparative example of the prevention effect investigation of excess surplus, (b) is the top view.
[0046]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), a notch inclined at 45 ° from the upper surface to the end surface with respect to one end surface of the plate-like member 12 having a plate thickness of 12 mm. 12a is formed, and the length of the end face in the thickness direction is 5 mm. Furthermore, an uneven surface is formed on the end surface. A plurality of recesses 12b and 12d having a recess depth of 1.0 mm are disposed at both ends of the uneven surface, and a plurality of recesses 12c having a recess depth D (mm) deeper than the recesses 12b and 12d are disposed at the intermediate portion. Has been configured. Here, the distance between adjacent recesses in all of the recesses 12b, 12c and 12d is 5 mm. And the vertex of the convex part of the uneven surface of the plate-shaped member 12 arrange | positioned perpendicularly | vertically and the plate-shaped member 12 arrange | positioned horizontally is contact | abutted, and the plate-shaped member 12 and the plate-shaped member 13 contact | abut. It is assembled in a T shape in front view so as to intersect vertically. The plate-like member 12 is arranged so that the upper surface thereof is positioned 12 mm from the end surface 13 a of the plate-like member 13.
[0047]
It should be noted that welding is performed by simulating what is actually welded after in-plane temporary mounting in the groove portion of the mold, and after welding from the concave portion 12c to the concave portion 12d, the concave portion 12b is passed through the concave portion 12c and then the concave portion is depressed. Two-layer welding was performed to perform welding up to 12d. However, welding uses a welding wire with a diameter of 1.4 mm, and automatic CO2Welded.
[0048]
As a comparative example, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, instead of the plate-like member 12, a T-joint using a plate-like member 14 having a recess depth of 1.0 mm is prepared. The test was conducted. The plate-like member 14 has the same dimensions as the plate-like member 12 except for the recess depth. Further, the plate-like member 15 arranged vertically has the same shape as the plate-like member 13. The plate member 14 is arranged so that the upper surface thereof is positioned 12 mm from the end surface 15 a of the plate member 15.
[0049]
Such two types of T-joints are welded under the same welding conditions, an X-ray transmission test is performed after welding, and a fusion failure has occurred at the start of the first layer of welding (part of the recess 12c). The product was judged to be overfilled, and was evaluated as x. The welding conditions are shown in Table 3 below, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 4 below.
[0050]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004090599
[0051]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004090599
[0052]
As shown in Tables 3 and 4 above, Comparative Example No. In the case where the recess depths of the start part and the steady part are the same as shown in FIG. 10, the start part of the first weld layer is excessive and tends to overlap. The molten metal could not be melted completely, resulting in poor fusion at the start of the first weld layer.
[0053]
In addition, Example No. In 7 and 8, since the molten metal at the start part enters the recess during welding of the first layer and can be welded without being overfilled, even if the second layer welding beat is stacked on top of it, No poor fusion occurred. That is, by welding according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent excessive overfilling at the start portion of the joint, thereby preventing occurrence of overlap.
[0054]
In addition, Example No. In No. 9, molten metal melted down, so welding was interrupted in the first layer.
[0055]
Based on these results, the recess depth D at the start of the weld to obtain good joint strength is equal to the recess depth D at the steady portion of the weld.0Depending on the recess depth D0In contrast, the recess depth D is 1.1 × D0To 1.4 × D0Then, no fusion failure occurs at the start portion, and excessive accumulation can be prevented.
[0056]
Next, the influence which the distance between adjacent recessed parts has on the penetration depth and surplus height when the T joint was welded by the welding method according to the present invention was investigated.
[0057]
FIG. 6A is a front view showing the shape and size of the T joint used in the example of the influence investigation of the distance between the recesses, and FIG. 6B is a plan view thereof. Moreover, Fig.7 (a) is a front view which shows the shape and size of T joint used for the comparative example of the influence investigation of the distance between recessed parts, (b) is the top view.
[0058]
As an example, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the plate-like member 16 has a plate thickness of 14 mm, and is formed with a notch 16a inclined at 45 ° from the upper surface to the end surface. Has been. The length of the end surface in the plate thickness direction is 6 mm, and an uneven surface is formed on the end surface.
[0059]
In this concavo-convex surface, the distance P between adjacent concave portions in the concave portion 16c corresponding to the steady portion of welding is constant at 6 mm, and the distance between adjacent concave portions is about 30 mm in the concave portion 16b corresponding to the start portion of welding. The distance P was changed variously. However, the depths of the recesses are the same at 1.5 mm for both the recesses 16b and 16c.
[0060]
This plate-like member 16 is arranged horizontally, and the convex portion of the uneven surface of the plate-like member 16 on the surface of the plate-like member 16 so as to intersect the plate-like member 17 having a plate thickness of 16 mm arranged vertically. A T-joint assembled by contacting the vertices was prepared. The plate-like member 16 was arranged so that the upper surface thereof was positioned 14 mm from the end surface 17a of the plate-like member 17.
[0061]
In addition, as a comparative example, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, instead of the plate-like member 16, the recess depth is 1.5 mm and the distance between adjacent recesses is constant at 6 mm. A plate-like member 18 having an uneven shape was used. Other dimensions are the same as those of the plate member 16. The plate-like member 19 arranged vertically has the same shape as the plate-like member. The plate member 18 was arranged so that the upper surface thereof was positioned 14 mm from the end surface 19 a of the plate member 19.
[0062]
For such two types of T-joints, as an embodiment, the distance P between adjacent recesses 16c of the recess 16c corresponding to the steady portion of welding is used.0Is made constant, and a plate-like member having an open tip in which the distance P between adjacent concave portions 16b of the portion corresponding to the start portion of welding is variously changed is manufactured, and after one-layer welding or two-layer welding is performed after assembling the T joint The comparison test of the penetration depth and surplus height in the start part and the steady part was conducted. Here, two T-joint specimens were prepared for each of the concavo-convex shapes, and welding was started from the recess 16b side under the same welding conditions for the two specimens. After performing welding, cross-sectional macros of a part corresponding to the start part (recess 16b) and a part corresponding to the steady part (recess 16c) of one specimen were taken and the penetration depth was measured. Moreover, with respect to the other specimen, the second layer was welded after the first layer was welded, and then the leg length was measured, which was replaced with the evaluation of the surplus height.
[0063]
In addition, as a comparative example, a plate-like member having an open tip with a constant distance between adjacent concave portions in the start portion and the steady portion was prepared, and after the T joint was assembled, similar welding and evaluation were performed. However, welding used automatic MAG welding using a welding wire having a diameter of 1.4 mm.
[0064]
After welding by the method described above, the penetration depth and leg length were evaluated. In addition, about the leg length, what obtained the leg amount of appropriate amount was set to (circle), what did not satisfy the appropriate amount was set to (triangle | delta), and what overlapped was set to x. The welding conditions are shown in Table 5 below, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0065]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004090599
[0066]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004090599
[0067]
As shown in Tables 5 and 6 above, the effect of increasing the penetration depth is the same as when increasing the depth of the recess by setting the distance between the adjacent recesses of the portion corresponding to the start portion of welding larger than the steady portion. was gotten. That is, as in Comparative Example 17, when the distance between the adjacent concave portions of the start portion and the steady portion is the same, the penetration depth in the start portion becomes extremely shallow compared to the penetration depth in the steady portion. On the other hand, deeper penetration is obtained in the start portions of Examples 11 to 15 than in the start portion of Comparative Example 17.
[0068]
However, in the start portion of Example 11, although a slight increase in penetration depth is recognized as compared with the start portion of Comparative Example 17, the effect is small. Therefore, since the molten metal does not enter the concave portion, the start portion is excessive in the first layer as compared with the steady portion. For this reason, the start portion is welded when the second layer is welded. Overlap occurred.
[0069]
In Examples 12 to 14, since the distance between the recesses of the start part was set to an appropriate value, the penetration depth of the start part was equivalent to the penetration depth of the steady part, and an appropriate amount of leg length was obtained.
[0070]
Furthermore, in Example 15, the depth of penetration was equal to or greater than that of the steady portion, but it was just before the meltdown occurred, and the molten metal excessively entered the recess, so in the first layer, Compared with the steady portion, there was less surplus at the start portion. Therefore, an appropriate amount of leg length was not obtained even after the second layer was welded.
[0071]
Furthermore, in Example 16, since the distance between the concave portions of the start portion was set to be larger than that in Example 15, the melting occurred during welding of the first layer, and the test was interrupted.
[0072]
From these results, the distance P between the recesses at the start part of the weld to obtain good joint strength is the distance P between the recesses at the steady part of the weld.0Depending on the distance P between the recesses0In contrast, the distance P between the recesses is 1.1 × P0To 1.5 × P0Then, the penetration depth and leg length similar to the steady portion can be obtained at the start portion, and thereby the joint strength can be improved.
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the penetration depth at the start and end portions of welding does not become shallower than the steady portion, and the start portion overlaps due to excessive overfilling. Can be prevented. For this reason, sound and uniform joint strength can be obtained in the entire weld bead from the start part to the end part.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a plan view showing a groove shape of a joint according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view thereof.
2A is a front view showing the shape and size of a T joint used in a comparative example of a penetration depth comparison test, and FIG. 2B is a plan view showing the uneven shape and size.
3A is a front view showing the shape and size of a T-joint used in an example of a penetration depth comparison test, and FIG. 3B is a plan view showing the uneven shape and size.
4A is a front view showing the shape and size of a T-joint used in an example of an investigation of the effect of preventing excessive surplus, and FIG. 4B is a plan view thereof.
5A is a front view showing the shape and size of a T-joint used in a comparative example for the investigation of the effect of preventing excess surplus, and FIG. 5B is a plan view thereof.
6A is a front view showing the shape and size of a T-joint used in an example of the effect investigation of the distance between recesses, and FIG. 6B is a plan view thereof.
7A is a front view showing the shape and size of a T-joint used in a comparative example of the effect investigation of the distance between recesses, and FIG. 7B is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a groove portion of a conventional T joint.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing another groove portion of a conventional T joint.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,2,3,4
2b, 4b; tip surface
4a, 12a, 14a, 16a, 18a; notch
5; groove part
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19;
6a, 6b, 6c, 12b, 12c, 12d, 16b, 16c; recess
9a, 11a, 13a, 15a, 17a, 19a; end face
21; T joint
23; uneven surface

Claims (6)

2つの部材の少なくとも一方の部材の開先端に凹凸面を形成し、前記凹凸面を他方の部材に当接し溶接して接合する継手の溶接方法において、溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状が、溶接の定常部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状と異なるものであり、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の凹凸面において隣接する凹部の最深部から最深部までの凹部間距離Pが、前記定常部にあたる部位の凹凸面において隣接する凹部の最深部から最深部までの凹部間距離P 0 よりも大きいことを特徴とする継手の溶接方法。In a welding method of a joint in which an uneven surface is formed at an open tip of at least one member of two members and the uneven surface is brought into contact with and welded to the other member, the portion corresponding to a start portion or an end portion of welding The shape of the concavo-convex surface is different from the shape of the concavo-convex surface at the site corresponding to the steady portion of welding , and from the deepest portion to the deepest portion of the concave portion adjacent to at least one concavo-convex surface at the site corresponding to the start portion or end portion. The joint welding method, wherein the distance P between the recesses is larger than the distance P 0 between the recesses from the deepest part to the deepest part of the adjacent recesses on the uneven surface of the portion corresponding to the steady part . 前記凹部間距離P0に対し、前記凹部間距離Pを1.1×P0乃至1.5×P0とすることを特徴とする請求項に記載の継手の溶接方法。The relative distance between the concave parts P 0, the joint method of welding according to claim 1, characterized in that the said recess distance P of 1.1 × P 0 to 1.5 × P 0. 2つの部材の少なくとも一方の部材の開先端に凹凸面を形成し、前記凹凸面を他方の部材に当接し溶接して接合する継手の溶接方法において、溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状が、溶接の定常部にあたる部位の前記凹凸面の形状と異なるものであり、前記スタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の凹凸面における凹部深さDが、前記定常部にあたる部位の凹凸面における凹部深さD0よりも大きいことを特徴とする継手の溶接方法。 In a welding method of a joint in which an uneven surface is formed at an open tip of at least one member of two members and the uneven surface is brought into contact with and welded to the other member, the portion corresponding to a start portion or an end portion of welding The shape of the uneven surface is different from the shape of the uneven surface of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of welding, and the recess depth D in at least one uneven surface of the portion corresponding to the start portion or the end portion corresponds to the steady portion welding method of joint hand you being greater than the recess depth D 0 of the concavo-convex surface of the. 前記凹部深さD0に対し、前記凹部深さDを1.1×D0乃至1.4×D0とすることを特徴とする請求項に記載の継手の溶接方法。The relative recess depth D 0, joint welding method according to claim 3, characterized in that said recess depth D of 1.1 × D 0 to 1.4 × D 0. 前記溶接の定常部にあたる部位の溶込み深さT0に対し、前記溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の溶込み深さTを0.8×T0以上1.2×T 以下とすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至のいずれか1項に記載の継手の溶接方法。The penetration depth T of at least one of the parts corresponding to the start part or the end part of the welding is 0.8 × T 0 or more and 1.2 × T 0 with respect to the penetration depth T 0 of the part corresponding to the steady part of the welding. joint welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the following. 前記溶接の定常部にあたる部位の余盛り高さY0に対し、前記溶接のスタート部又はエンド部にあたる部位の少なくとも一方の余盛り高さYを0.8×Y0乃至1.2×Y0とすることを特徴とする請求項1乃至のいずれか1項に記載の継手の溶接方法。With respect to the surplus height Y 0 of the portion corresponding to the steady portion of the welding, the surplus height Y of at least one of the portions corresponding to the start portion or the end portion of the welding is set to 0.8 × Y 0 to 1.2 × Y 0. The welding method for a joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein:
JP34342298A 1998-12-02 1998-12-02 Welding method for joints Expired - Fee Related JP4090599B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP34342298A JP4090599B2 (en) 1998-12-02 1998-12-02 Welding method for joints

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP34342298A JP4090599B2 (en) 1998-12-02 1998-12-02 Welding method for joints

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000167663A JP2000167663A (en) 2000-06-20
JP4090599B2 true JP4090599B2 (en) 2008-05-28

Family

ID=18361401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP34342298A Expired - Fee Related JP4090599B2 (en) 1998-12-02 1998-12-02 Welding method for joints

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4090599B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210394293A1 (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-23 Hyundai Motor Company Welding method for providing shape to a base material and a base material used for same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010142823A (en) * 2008-12-17 2010-07-01 Daihen Corp Method of controlling arc length oscillation pulse arc welding

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210394293A1 (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-23 Hyundai Motor Company Welding method for providing shape to a base material and a base material used for same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000167663A (en) 2000-06-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6536651B2 (en) Friction stir welding method
JP7189405B2 (en) Welding methods and fulcrum reinforcement methods for truss bridges
JP4090599B2 (en) Welding method for joints
US20100001044A1 (en) Full penetration weld joint
JP4129848B2 (en) Welded structure
JP3606294B2 (en) Welding method for joints
JP3184408B2 (en) Welded structure
JP3482523B2 (en) Friction joining method
JP3499081B2 (en) Joint welding method and material to be welded
JP2006281246A (en) Groove structure of fillet welding
JP4734513B2 (en) Butt weld deformation test specimen
JP4202107B2 (en) Welded joint structure
JPH0890235A (en) Welding method of horizontal welding joint
JP4619183B2 (en) Ceramic end tab for welding different width base metal
JP3601945B2 (en) Fillet welding method for steel plate
JP4850261B2 (en) Butt double-sided submerged arc welding method for shear-cut steel plate
JPH074619U (en) Deck plate
JP3185389U (en) Ceramic end tab for welding different width base metal
JP7005016B2 (en) End tab
JPH0719676Y2 (en) Welding end tab
JPH0675794B2 (en) T-type fitting
JP3395658B2 (en) Crater treatment method for welded end
JPH09271992A (en) Backing material for t-joint
JPH0216874Y2 (en)
JP2003136243A (en) Lap joint structure using aluminium base material and welding method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20051012

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20071113

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20071120

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080118

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20080226

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20080227

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110307

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120307

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130307

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140307

Year of fee payment: 6

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees