JP4076821B2 - Receipt and shipment management system - Google Patents

Receipt and shipment management system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4076821B2
JP4076821B2 JP2002239227A JP2002239227A JP4076821B2 JP 4076821 B2 JP4076821 B2 JP 4076821B2 JP 2002239227 A JP2002239227 A JP 2002239227A JP 2002239227 A JP2002239227 A JP 2002239227A JP 4076821 B2 JP4076821 B2 JP 4076821B2
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shipment
storage location
item
warehouse
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JP2004075319A (en
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茂宏 早川
宏文 山本
和男 本田
博孝 伊賀
輝明 志田
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Murata Machinery Ltd
Suntory Ltd
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Murata Machinery Ltd
Suntory Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、配送センター等の倉庫施設の入出庫管理を行う入出荷管理システムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
工場、例えば飲料を製造する工場においては、缶入りや、瓶入り、樽入り等の多品目の製品が日々多量に生産される。このように生産された製品は、パレット積みして自動倉庫、平置倉庫、冷蔵倉庫等を備えた倉庫施設に一旦保管する。保管した製品は、倉庫施設に備えられた出荷バースから、出荷先別に要求品目,要求量に応じてトラック積みして出荷する。工場とは別の配送センターにおいても、多品目の物品が日々多数入荷されて一旦保管された後、出荷先別に要求品目,要求量に応じてトラック積みして出荷する。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来は、これらの製品や入荷品等の物品を単に品目別に保管場所を分けて保管していたため、出荷バースでトラック積みするときに、保管場所が出荷バースから遠くて、トラック積みに長時間かかかるという問題があった。
また、物品には同品目の製品であっても生産日時が異なるものなど、管理単位として異なる物品として扱わなければならないものが多く、このような物品を、ピッキングして出荷する場合等には、ピッキングの誤りを生じることがあった。
【0004】
この発明の目的は、出荷時の効率向上が図れる保管場所の割付が行える入出荷管理システムおよび入出荷管理方法を提供することである。
この発明の他の目的は、同品目で生産日時の異なる物品を誤って出荷することを防止できるようにすることである。
この発明のさらに他の目的は、出荷先の異なる出荷において、各々の出荷先の違いによる出荷形態の特徴に応じた効率的な出荷が行え、かつピッキング有無等の出荷形態の違いに応じた適切な保管が行えるようにすることである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明の構成を実施形態に対応する図1と共に説明する。この入出荷管理システム(1)は、出荷先に対応する複数の出荷バース(4)を備えた倉庫施設(2)の入出荷を管理するシステムであって、物品の品目毎に出荷先および出荷量に関する過去の出荷実績の情報を管理する出荷実績管理手段(11)と、過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設(2)内の保管場所(L)を割付ける保管場所割付手段(12)とを設けたものである。
この構成によると、保管場所割付手段(12)は、過去の出荷実績に応じて上記倉庫施設内の保管場所(L)を割付けるため、出荷先に対応する出荷バース(4)に対して適切な保管場所(L)を割付けることができる。特に、出荷実績管理手段(11)により物品の品目毎に出荷先および出荷量に関する過去の出荷実績の情報を管理し、過去の出荷実績として、上記の管理された出荷先および出荷量に関する実績を用いるため、より適切な保管場所(L)の割付が行える。例えば、出荷先に応じて、その出荷先に多数出荷される品目の物品を、その出荷先に対応する出荷バース(4)に近い保管場所(L)や,時間的に取り出しが速く行える保管場所(L)に保管することにより、出荷時にトラックに積み込む出荷効率を高めることができる。
【0006】
上記保管場所割付手段(12)は、所定の規則に従って空き保管場所(L)を探索して保管場所(L)を割付ける空き保管場所割付部を有し、この空き保管場所割付部は、隣接する保管場所(L)が割付済みである空き保管場所(L)に割付ける場合に、当該隣接する保管場所(L)には割り付けを行う品目に対して異なる品目の物品が割付けられた空き保管場所(L)を優先して割り付けるものとする。ここで、所定の規則とは、定められた規則のことであり、その定められた規則の内容は特に問わない。所定の規則の内容としては、例えば・基本割付手順、・混載処理規則、・隣接場所割付規則、・探索順規則(同一条件の場合)等が採用できる。これらの規則の具体的な内容は、後に発明の実施形態の欄で説明する。前記保管場所(L)は、ピッキングが可能な平置倉庫(3 B )であって製造日時が異なる同品目の物品を保管するものである。
の構成の空き保管場所割付部によると、例えば隣り合う保管場所(L)に、製造日時の異なる同品目の物品が割付けられて保管されることを極力回避することができ、製造日時の異なる同品目の物品は、明らかに異なる保管場所(L)に保管することができる。そのため、同品目で製造日時の異なる物品を、誤って出荷することが防止される。
【0007】
この発明の入出荷管理システム(1)において、上記出荷実績管理手段(11)は、保管する物品の品目毎に、過去の出荷実績を元に、出荷先の異なる出荷毎の比率(出荷比率;例えば社内移動出荷と得意先出荷の比率)と、上記出荷先の異なる出荷毎に出荷量をランク分けした出荷量ランクとを算出する出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段としても良い。本明細書では、この入出荷管理システムの管理対象となる倉庫施設を備えた工場から、得意先など、その工場とは異なる会社の施設に直送する場合を「得意先出荷」と言い、一旦、自社の支店、営業所、物流センター等へ出荷する場合を「社内移動出荷」という。
上記保管場所割付手段(12)は、上記出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段(11)により算出された品目毎の出荷比率および出荷量ランクに応じて、上記倉庫施設(2)を構成する目的に応じタイプの異なる2種類以上の倉庫(例えば自動倉庫(3A )と平置倉庫(3B ))にゾーン分けされたゾーンを割付けるゾーン割付部を有するものとしても良い。前記2種以上の倉庫の一つが前記平置倉庫(3 B )である。
この構成によると、ゾーン割付は、例えば、社内移動出荷の多い品目の物品を自動倉庫(3A )に割付け、得意先出荷の多い品目の物品を平置倉庫(3B )に割付けることができる。自動倉庫(3A )は、ピッキングには向かないが、取り出しが迅速に行える特徴があり、また平置倉庫(3B )は、ピッキングが可能であるが、取り出しに時間がかかるという特徴がある。社内移動出荷は、一般に1回のトラック運搬時に同品目の物品の出荷量が多く、ピッキングは行われない。得意先出荷は、一般に1回のトラック運搬時に多品目の物品を少量ずつ出荷する傾向が強い。このため、社内移動出荷の多い品目の物品を自動倉庫に、得意先出荷の多い品目の物品を平置倉庫に割付けることにより、出荷効率を高めることができ、また得意先出荷の場合に必要となるピッキングも行うことができる。
【0008】
この発明の入出荷管理方法は、出荷先に対応する複数の出荷バース(4)を備えた倉庫施設(2)の入出荷を管理する入出荷管理方法であって、物品の品目毎に出荷先および出荷量に関する過去の出荷実績の情報を管理し、過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設(2)内の保管場所(L)を割付けるようにする方法である。
上記保管場所(L)の割付けは、所定の規則に従って空き保管場所(L)を探索して保管場所(L)を割付けるようにし、この空き保管場所(L)の割付けは、隣接する保管場所(L)が割付済みである空き保管場所(L)に割付ける場合に、当該隣接する保管場所(L)には割付けを行う品目に対して異なる品目の物品が割付けられた空き保管場所(L)を優先して割付けるようにする。前記保管場所(L)は、ピッキングが可能な平置倉庫(3 B )であって製造日時が異なる同品目の物品を保管するものである。
上記過去の出荷実績の情報の管理は、保管する物品の品目毎に、過去の出荷実績を元に、出荷先の異なる出荷の比率(出荷比率)と、上記出荷先の異なる出荷毎に出荷量をランク分けした出荷量ランクとを算出する処理であっても良い。この場合に、上記過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設(2)内の保管場所(L)を割付けるときに、上記の算出された品目毎の出荷比率および出荷量ランクに応じて、上記倉庫施設(2)を構成する目的に応じタイプの異なる2種以上の倉庫(3A ),(3B )にゾーン分けされたゾーンを割付け、ゾーンの割付け後に保管場所(L)を割付けるようにしても良い。前記2種以上の倉庫の一つが前記平置倉庫(3 B )である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の一実施形態を図面と共に説明する。この入出荷管理システム1は、倉庫施設2の入出荷を管理するシステムである。倉庫施設2は、倉庫3、出荷バース4、および施設内運搬装置5を備え、施設内運搬装置5は倉庫施設制御装置6により制御される。施設内運搬装置5に、複数の製造ライン7(7A 〜7D )の製品搬出部が接続されている。倉庫施設2は、倉庫3として複数種類の倉庫3A 〜3C を有している。これらの倉庫3A 〜3C は、それぞれ自動倉庫、平置倉庫、および冷蔵倉庫である。自動倉庫3A は、例えば複列の多段のラックおよびラック間のスタッカクレーンにより構成される立体倉庫である。平置倉庫3B および冷蔵倉庫3C は、図1および図2においてはいずれも2階建てで、その1階部分1Fを図の下側に、2階部分2Fを図の上側に並べて図示してある。製造ライン7は平置倉庫3B の2階部分2Fにおいて施設内運搬装置5に接続され、ライン毎にパレタイザ8を備えている。施設内運搬装置5は、水平経路の搬送装置5aの他に、平置倉庫3B 内に1階部分1Fと2階部分2Fとの間で物品の搬送を行う垂直搬送装置5bを有している。倉庫施設2は、複数の倉庫3を、管理の都合上でゾーン分けしてあり、自動倉庫3A がゾーンZ0、平置倉庫3B の2階部分および1階部分がそれぞれゾーンZ1およびゾーンZ2、冷蔵倉庫3C の2階部分および1階部分がそれぞれゾーンZ3およびゾーンZ4とされている。
【0010】
出荷バース4は、出荷先に対応する複数のものが設けられ、出荷先および特定品目に分けて、複数のバースグループG1〜G3にグループ分けされている。第1のバースグループG1は、社内移動出荷用のものであり、このバースグループG1内の一部のバース4は自動倉庫3A に対応して、残りのバース4は平置倉庫3B と対応して設置されている。なお自動倉庫3A 側のバース4と平置倉庫3B 側のバース4とは、図示の都合上で離して示してあるが、実際上は互いに近くの位置に配置される。第2のバースグループG2は、得意先出荷用のものである。第3のバースグループG3は、特定品目用であり、出荷先で分類すると社内移動出荷用である。
各出荷バース4と対応して、平置倉庫3B および冷蔵倉庫3C には、白矢印で示すように、物品の払い出し口9が設けられている。
【0011】
倉庫3に保管する物品は、例えばパレット積み体であり、パレットごと保管される。図4はパレット積み体からなる物品Wの一例を示す。この物品Wは、飲料等の内容物の充填された缶または瓶等の複数の個別容器kをケースK内に収容し、このケースKをパレットP上に段積みしたものである。パレット積み体からなる物品Wは、個別容器kが樽やタンク等の大きなものである場合は、ケースKに入れずに、パレットP上に直接に積まれる。このような物品Wが、図1,図2の各生産ライン7において、パレタイザ8でパレット積みされ、施設内運搬装置5によって倉庫3に搬入される。
【0012】
図2,図3に示すように、平置倉庫3B における保管場所Lは、庫内の各階毎に縦横に仕切られた各平面区画であり、一つの保管場所Lには、パレット積み体等からなる物品Wが、複数個並べて保管可能な広さを有している。図示の例では上記平面区画からなる保管場所Lは、物品Wが縦横にそれぞれ複数並べて保管可能な広さとされている。
冷蔵倉庫3C は、保管場所Lの図示を省略するが、複数列並ぶ各段の棚の各領域が保管場所となる。
図1における自動倉庫3A は、各列のラックの各段の棚における各パレット載置領域が、保管場所Lとなる。
なお、この明細書で言う保管場所Lは、この入出荷管理システム1により管理される保管領域の最小単位である。
【0013】
図1において、入出荷管理システム1は、出荷実績管理手段である出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段11、保管場所割付手段12、および払い出し口割付手段13を有しており、保管場所Lおよび払い出し口9の割付場所の結果によって、倉庫施設制御装置6による施設内運搬装置5の制御を行わせる。入出荷管理システム1は、単独または複数台のコンピュータ上に構成されており、生産管理、物流管理等を行う上位管理システム10に接続されている。
【0014】
出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段11は、保管する物品の品目毎に、過去の出荷実績を元に、例えば社内移動出荷と得意先出荷との比率である出荷比率と、出荷量をランク分けした出荷量ランクとを算出する手段である。
保管場所割付手段12は、保管する物品の品目毎に、過去の出荷実績の情報に応じて、倉庫施設2内の保管場所Lを割付ける手段である。過去の出荷実績は、出荷先および出荷量に関する実績である。出荷先に関する実績としては、上記出荷比率を用いる。出荷量に関する実績としては、上記出荷量ランクを用いる。
払い出し口割付手段13は、保管場所割付手段12で割付けられた保管場所Lに基づき、所定の基準によって定められる。例えば、保管場所Lと、製造ライン7から搬送できる払い出し口9を考慮して、搬送距離の短い払い出し口9を割付ける。
【0015】
出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段11の処理内容例を、図5と共に説明する。同図において、ABCランクは、出荷量ランクのことである。
出荷比率は、得意先出荷比率と、社内移動出荷比率を算出する。これらの出荷比率を算出するには、出荷実績データより得られる該当品目の出荷実績と稼働日数により、1日当りの平均出荷数を算出する。1日当りの平均出荷数より、得意先出荷と社内移動出荷の比率(%)を算出する。すなわち、
得意先出荷比率(%)=(1日当りの平均得意先出荷数/1日当り総出荷数)×100
である。
社内移動出荷比率(%)=(1日当りの平均社内移動出荷数/1日当り総出荷数)×100
である。
なお、出荷比率は、マニュアルによる補正を可能とすることが好ましい。
【0016】
出荷量ランク(ABCランク)の算出には、出荷実績データから得られる出荷実績と稼働日数より1日当りの平均総出荷数を算出する。
1日当りの平均得意先出荷数=該当品目の得意先出荷実績/稼働日数
1日当りの平均社内移動出荷数=該当品目の社内移動出荷実績/稼働日数
1日当りの平均総出荷数=1日当りの該当品目の平均得意先出荷数+1日当りの平均社内移動出荷数である。
1日当りの平均総出荷数より、出荷数の上位m品目(mは自然数)を第1ランク品(Aランク品)とし、上位m品目未満を第2ランク品(BCランク品)とする。mは例えば5とする。
出荷量ランク(ABCランク)については、一部の品目のキャンペーン期間中である場合は、そのキャンペーンに応じた設定を予め行っておき、出荷実績に対して補正した値が得られるようにする。
【0017】
図6は、上記のように得られた出荷比率および出荷量ランク(ABCランク)を用い、保管場所割付手段12(図1,図7)により保管場所Lを割り付ける概要を示す。
保管場所割付手段12による保管場所Lの割付は、生産予定データに対して行う。例えば、1日(翌日等)の生産予定分について、割付を行う。生産予定データは、生産予定登録設定により、製造年月日、製造ライン毎に例えば以下の項目を管理する。
・製造順
・品目コード
・製造ケース数(ケース詰めする缶,瓶類の場合)
・1日の生産開始時刻
・1日の生産終了時刻
・昼休み時間
・検査区分
製造ケース数は、時間帯ロット毎の製造ケース数を算出して登録する。この場合に、単位時間(例えば1分)当りの製造能力数を、製造ライン、製造品目の本容量毎に管理する。
時間帯ロットは、1日をいくつか(例えば6つ)の時間帯に区分した各区分時間帯毎の生産量(製造ケース数)である。
【0018】
図7に示すように、保管場所割付手段12は、ゾーン割付部14と空き保管場所割付部15,16とを有し、ゾーンZ0〜Z4(図1)の割付を行った後に、その割付けられた各ゾーンZ0〜Z4について、保管場所Lを割付ける。空き保管場所割付部15,16は、それぞれ自動倉庫における割付を行うものと、平置倉庫についての割付を行うものとがある。なお、保管場所割付手段12は、特定品目、例えば樽製品については、冷蔵倉庫3C に所定の別基準で保管場所Lを割り付けるものとしてある。冷蔵倉庫3C における割付方法については説明を省略する。
【0019】
ゾーン割付部14は、品目毎の出荷比率および出荷量ランクに応じて、倉庫施設3を構成する自動倉庫3A と平置倉庫3B とにゾーン分けされたゾーンを割付ける手段である。出荷比率および出荷量ランクは、出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段11(図1)により算出された値を用いる。
【0020】
図9と共にゾーン割付の具体例を説明する。まず、割付けようとする物品が社内移動出荷品であるか、得意先出荷品であるかの判定を行う(ステップS1)。この判定は、社内移動出荷比率が設定値以上であるか否かで行い、設定値以上であると社内移動出荷品とする。上記設定値はパラメータ化し、変更可能とすることが好ましい。
社内移動出荷品である場合は、出荷先判定(ステップS2)に進み、第1ランク(Aランク)であるか否かを判定する。第1ランクである場合は、ステップS4のようにゾーンを割付ける。同図において、各ゾーン割付ステップS4〜S7は、上側から順に、第1優先順、第2優先順、第3優先順のゾーンを記述してある。いずれも、第1優先順に所定以上の空き保管場所がない場合は、第2優先順のゾーンに割付け、第2優先順のゾーンにおいても所定以上の空きがない場合は第3優先順のゾーンに割付ける。
【0021】
同図からわかるように、社内移動出荷で第1ランク(Aランク)の物品は、第1優先順で自動倉庫3A (ゾーンZ0)に割付け、2階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ1)が第2優先順、1階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ2)が第3優先順とされる。
社内移動出荷品で第2ランク(BCランク)の物品は、第1優先順で自動倉庫3A (ゾーンZ0)に割付け、1階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ2)が第2優先順、2階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ2)が第3優先順とされる。
得意先出荷品で第1ランク(Aランク)の物品は、2階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ1)、自動倉庫3A (ゾーンZ0)、1階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ2)の優先順に割付けられる。
得意先出荷品で第2ランク(BCランク)の物品は、1階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ2)、自動倉庫3A (ゾーンZ0)、2階平置倉庫3B (ゾーンZ1)の優先順に割付けられる。
【0022】
上記のゾーン割付の結果は、次のような各利点が得られる。
社内移動出荷の物品は、ピッキングがないため、上記のように自動倉庫3A に保管すると、最も出荷効率が良い。したがって、社内移動出荷用の出荷バース4は自動倉庫3A に対して設けられている。
平置倉庫3B では、払い出し口が2階にあるため、2階のゾーンZ1の方が1階のゾーンZ2よりも保管場所Lから出荷バース4への搬送時間が短くて済む。水平移動距離が長くても、垂直搬送装置5bを用いないため、搬送時間が短い。このため、出荷比率が第1ランクの物品は、自動倉庫3A に割付けられない場合は2階のゾーン(Z1)に割付けると、出荷効率の低下が抑えられる。
得意先出荷の物品は、ピッキングを行うことがあるため、平置倉庫3B に割付けられることより、ピッキングが行い易くなる。このうち、出荷ランクが第1ランク(Aランク)の物品は、2階のゾーンZ1に割付けているが、そのため出荷量の多い物品が搬送時間の短い保管場所Lに置かれて出荷の効率が良い。第2ランク(BCランク)の物品は、出荷量が少ないため、出荷時の搬送時間の長くなる1階のゾーンZ2に置かれても、総合出荷時間が長くなることがない。
【0023】
図7における自動倉庫に対する空き保管場所割付部15は、自動倉庫3A にゾーン割付けされた物品について、次のように保管場所Lを割付ける。
まず、物品を入庫するパレット数部を予約する。
つぎに、空き棚を割付ける。割付は、同一の生産量ランク(ABCランク)の生産予定データに対して、所定数パレット単位に、以下の順番に空き棚の割付を繰り返す(上記の所定数パレット単位は、フォークリフトで1回に搬送する単位であり、例えば2パレット単位である)。
・生産量ランク(ABCランク)順:「第2ランク」の次に「第1ランク」
・品目コード順
・時間帯ロット順
・製造ライン順
【0024】
図7の平置倉庫に対する空き保管場所割付部16は、平置倉庫3B のゾーンZ1,Z2に割付けられた物品につき、ゾーン毎に次のように保管場所Lを割付ける。 空き保管場所Lの予約順は、生産予定データ単位に、以下の順番で行う。
・時間帯ロット順
・製造ライン順
【0025】
空き保管場所割付部16による保管場所Lの割付は、図8に示すように、設定規則に従って行われる。この設定規則として、次の各規則がある。
・基本割付手順
・混載処理規則
・隣接場所割付規則
・探索順規則(同一条件の場合)
上記設定規則において、基本割付手順は割付けの基本となる手順を定めた規則であり、他の各規則は、基本割付手順に場合に応じて加えられる規則である。混載処理規則は、同じ保管場所Lに異なる品目の物品を混載する場合の処置を定めた規則である。隣接場所割付規則は、隣接する保管場所Lに割付ける場合の処置を定めた規則である。探索順規則(同一条件の場合)は、設定された条件下では同一条件の物品を割付ける場合に、空き保管場所を探索する手順を定めた規則である。
【0026】
図10は、空き保管場所割付部16よる保管場所決定手順(図8の基本割付手順)を示す流れ図である。
まず、割付けられたゾーン内に混載可能な保管場所Lまたは空き保管場所Lがあるかを判定する(R1)。いずれもなければ、割付けようとする全ての物品の保管が行えない(R11)。
いずれかの保管場所Lがある場合は、つぎに、混載可能な保管場所Lがあるか否かを判定する(R2)。混載可能な保管場所Lがない場合は、隣が異なる品目の空き保管場所Lがあるか否かの判定ステップR5に進む。このステップR5の処理については後に説明する。
混載可能な保管場所Lがある場合は、その保管場所Lの保管率が、混載可否基準を定めた保管率(n%)以下であるか否かを判定する(R3)。nは、パラメータとして任意に設定される値とすることが好ましい。混載可否基準の保管率の要件を充足する場合は、割付けようとする全物品が保管可能であるか否かを判定する(R4)。全部保管可能であれば、その保管場所Lに全物品の保管を割付ける(R9)。上記判断ステップR4で全部保管が不可能であれば、隣が異なる品目の空保管場所があるか否かを判定する(R5)。上記の混載可否基準の保管率に適合するかを判定するステップ(R3)において、保管率がn%を超える場合も、隣が異なる品目の保管場所があるか否かの判定ステップ(R5)に進む。
【0027】
いずれの経路から到達した場合においても、隣が異なる品目の保管場所があるか否かの判定ステップ(R5)において、隣が異なる品目の保管場所Lがある場合は、その保管場所Lに全部保管が可能であるか否かを判定する(R6)。全部保管が可能であれば、その保管場所Lに全物品の割付を行う(R9)。この判定ステップR6において、全部保管が不可である場合は、隣が同一品目の空き保管場所Lがあるか否かを判定する(R7)。上記の隣が異なる品目の空き保管場所Lの判断ステップ(R5)において、隣が異なる品目の空き保管場所Lがなかった場合も、隣が同一品目の空き保管場所Lがあるか否かを判定するステップS7に進む。
隣が同一品目の空き保管場所Lがあった場合は、その保管場所Lに全部保管が可能か否かを判定し(R8)、可能であれば、その保管場所Lに全物品の割付けを行う(R9)。全部保管ができない場合(R8)は、一部だけの保管を割付けるか、全保管を割付不可とする(R10)。
隣が同一品目の空き保管場所Lがあるか否かの判断ステップ(R7)おいて、ないと判定された場合は、一部の物品、または全部の物品の割付を不可とする(R10)。
【0028】
なお、上記ステップR5において、隣が異なる品目の空保管場所があるか否かの判断では、取り出し形態に応じて、左右方向の隣だけを考慮の対象としても、前後方向の隣だけを考慮の対象としても、前後および左右方向の両方について考慮するようにしても良い。例えば、図12において、保管場所L0が空保管場所であった場合に、各列イ,ロ,ハの保管場所列の間に移動経路があるような場合は、前後方向(Y方向)の両隣の保管場所L1,L2だけを異なる品目の保管場所であるか否かを判定すれば良い。一般的にはこのような形態が多い。また、保管場所L0が空保管場所であった場合に、各行I ,II,III の保管場所列の間に移動経路があるような場合は、左右方向(X方向)の両隣の保管場所L3,L4だけを異なる品目の保管場所であるか否かを判定すれば良い。
【0029】
図11は、保管場所Lの探索順の一例を示す。図10と共に説明した割付過程で、同一条件の保管場所Lが複数ある場合は、以下の順に割付ける。この例では製造ライン7の別に割付順位の優先度を異ならせている。
第1ランク品(Aランク品)の所定製造ライン(例えば7A〜B)から入庫される物品については、矢印a,bで示すように、ゾーンZ1の中間から両端側へ保管場所Lを探索した順に割付ける。
第1ランク品(Aランク品)で、他の所定製造ライン(例えば7C)から入庫される物品については、矢印cで示すように、ゾーンZ1の一端から他端側へ保管場所Lを探索した順に割付ける。
第1ランク品(Aランク品)で、さらに他の所定製造ライン(例えば7D)から入庫される物品については、矢印dで示すように、ゾーンZ1の他端から一端側へ保管場所Lを探索した順に割付ける。
また、ゾーンZ2の場合、所定製造ライン(例えば7C)については、矢印eのように中間から一端側へ第1優先探索を行い、矢印fのように中間から他端側へ第2優先探索を行う。
ゾーンZ2の場合に、他の所定製造ライン(例えば7D)については、矢印gのように中間から他端側へ第1優先探索を行い、矢印hのように中間から一端側へ第2優先探索を行う。
【0030】
図1の払い出し口割付手段13は、このように割付けられた保管場所Lを基準として、上記のように払い出し口9の割付、つまり使用バース4の割付を行う。
【0031】
この入出荷管理システム1によると、このように保管場所割付手段12は、過去の出荷実績の情報に応じて上記倉庫施設2内の保管場所を割付けるため、出荷先に対応する出荷バース4に対して適切な保管場所Lを割付けることができる。
特に、保管場所割付手段12は、品目毎の出荷比率および出荷量ランクに応じて、自動倉庫3A と平置倉庫3B とにゾーン分けされたゾーンZ0〜Z2を割付けるゾーン割付部14(図7)を有するものとし、社内移動出荷の多い品目の物品を自動倉庫3A に割付け、得意先出荷の多い品目の物品を平置倉庫3B に割付けるようにしたため、社内移動出荷と得意先出荷との特徴に応じた効率的な出荷が行え、かつピッキング有無等の出荷形態の違いに応じた適切な保管が行える。
また、保管場所割付手段12の空き保管場所割付部16は、隣接する保管場所Lが割付済みである空き保管場所Lに割付ける場合に、当該隣接する保管場所Lには割り付けを行う品目に対して異なる品目の物品が割付けられた空き保管場所Lを優先して割り付けるものとしたため、隣り合う保管場所Lに、製造日時の異なる同品目の物品が保管されることが避けられ、製造日時の異なる同品目の物品は、明らかに異なる保管場所Lに保管することができる。そのため、同品目で製造日時の異なる物品を、誤って出荷することが防止される。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
この発明の入出荷管理システムおよび入出荷管理方法は、出荷先に対応する複数の出荷バースを備えた倉庫施設の入出荷を管理するシステムまたは方法であって、物品の品目毎に出荷先および出荷量に関する過去の出荷実績の情報を管理し、過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設内の保管場所を割付けるようにしたため、出荷効率の向上を図ることがき、トラックを待たせる時間が短くて済む。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の一実施形態にかかる入出荷管理システムの概念構成を示す説明図である。
【図2】図1のこの発明の一実施形態にかかる平置倉庫の各階の平面図である。
【図3】同平置倉庫の保管場所の平面図である。
【図4】物品例の側面図である。
【図5】出荷比率および出荷量ランクの作成過程の説明図である。
【図6】保管場所および払い出し口割付過程の説明図である。
【図7】保管場所割付手段の概念構成のブロック図である。
【図8】空き保管場所割付部の概念構成のブロック図である。
【図9】ゾーン割付過程の流れ図である。
【図10】保管場所割付過程の流れ図である。
【図11】空き保管場所探索方法例の説明図である。
【図12】隣接保管場所の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1…入出荷管理システム
2…倉庫施設
3…倉庫
A …自動倉庫
B …平置倉庫
C …冷蔵倉庫
4…出荷バース
5…施設内運搬装置
7,7A 〜7D …製造ライン
9…払い出し口
10…上位管理システム
11…出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段
12…保管場所割付手段
13…払い出し口割付手段
14…ゾーン割付部
15,16…空き保管場所割付部
G1〜G3…バースグループ
L…保管場所
P…パレット
W…物品
Z0〜Z4…ゾーン
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a receipt / shipment management system for managing receipt / exit of a warehouse facility such as a distribution center.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In factories, for example, factories that manufacture beverages, many items of products such as cans, bottles, and barrels are produced daily. Products produced in this manner are palletized and temporarily stored in a warehouse facility equipped with an automatic warehouse, a flat warehouse, a refrigerated warehouse, and the like. The stored products are shipped by truck loading from the shipping berth provided in the warehouse facility according to the requested items and the requested quantity for each shipping destination. Even in a distribution center other than the factory, many items of goods are received every day and temporarily stored, and then shipped by truck according to the requested items and the requested amount for each shipping destination.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the past, these products and goods such as inbound goods were stored in separate storage locations for each item, so when trucking at the shipping berth, the storage location was far from the shipping berth, making it longer for truck loading. There was a problem of taking time.
In addition, there are many items that must be handled as different items as a management unit, such as products with the same production date, even if they are products of the same item. When such items are picked and shipped, An error in picking may occur.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a receipt / shipment management system and a receipt / shipment management method capable of assigning a storage location to improve efficiency at the time of shipment.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to prevent erroneous shipment of articles of the same item with different production dates and times.
Still another object of the present invention is to enable efficient shipment according to the characteristics of the shipping form due to the difference in each shipping destination in the shipping with different shipping destinations, and appropriate according to the difference in the shipping form such as the presence or absence of picking. Is to enable safe storage.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. This receipt / shipment management system (1) is a system for managing receipt / shipment of a warehouse facility (2) having a plurality of shipment berths (4) corresponding to a shipment destination, and for each item of goods, the shipment destination and shipment Shipment record management means (11) for managing past shipment record information on quantity, and the storage location (L) in the warehouse facility (2) is allocated for each item of goods to be stored according to the past shipment record. Storage location assigning means (12) to be attached.
According to this configuration, the storage location assignment means (12) assigns the storage location (L) in the warehouse facility according to the past shipment results, so that it is appropriate for the shipping berth (4) corresponding to the shipping destination. A safe storage location (L) can be assigned. In particular, the shipment record management means (11) manages the past shipment record information related to the shipment destination and the shipment amount for each item of the article, and the past shipment record is used as the past shipment record. Therefore, the storage location (L) can be allocated more appropriately. For example, depending on the shipping destination, a storage location (L) near the shipping berth (4) corresponding to the shipping destination, or a storage location where the items can be quickly taken out in time. By storing in (L), the shipping efficiency of loading on a truck at the time of shipping can be improved.
[0006]
  The storage location allocation means (12) has an empty storage location allocation section that searches for an empty storage location (L) and assigns a storage location (L) according to a predetermined rule. When a storage location (L) to be assigned is assigned to an empty storage location (L) that has already been assigned, the adjacent storage location (L) is assigned to an item to be assigned and is assigned to a free item. Placed with priority given to place (L)To. Here, the predetermined rule is a defined rule, and the content of the defined rule is not particularly limited. As the contents of the predetermined rule, for example, a basic allocation procedure, a mixed loading processing rule, an adjacent place allocation rule, a search order rule (in the case of the same condition), etc. can be adopted. The specific contents of these rules will be described later in the section of the embodiment of the invention.The The storage location (L) is a flat warehouse (3 B ) And stores items of the same item that have different manufacturing dates and times.
  ThisAccording to the empty storage location allocating unit configured as described above, for example, it is possible to avoid as much as possible that articles of the same item with different production dates and times are allocated and stored in adjacent storage locations (L). Items of the item can be stored in clearly different storage locations (L). For this reason, it is possible to prevent the same item from being manufactured with different manufacture dates and times from being shipped accidentally.
[0007]
  In the receipt / shipment management system (1) of the present invention, the shipment record management means (11) for each item of the article to be stored, based on the past shipment record, the ratio (shipment ratio; For example, it may be a shipping ratio / shipping amount rank calculating means for calculating a shipping amount rank in which the shipping amount is ranked for each shipment different in the shipping destination. In this specification, a case where a product is sent directly from a factory equipped with a warehouse facility to be managed by this receipt / shipment management system to a facility of a company different from that factory, such as a customer, is called “customer shipment”. Shipment to a company branch, sales office, distribution center or the like is called “in-house mobile shipment”.
  The storage location assigning means (12) configures the warehouse facility (2) according to the shipment ratio and the shipment quantity rank for each item calculated by the shipment ratio / shipment quantity rank calculation means (11). Two or more warehouses with different types (for example, automatic warehouse (3A) And flat warehouse (3B)) May have a zone assignment section that assigns the zoned zoneYes. One of the two or more warehouses is the flat warehouse (3 B ).
  According to this configuration, for example, zone allocation can allocate an article of an item with a large number of in-house mobile shipments to the automatic warehouse (3A) and an item of an item with a large number of customer shipments to the flat warehouse (3B). The automatic warehouse (3A) is not suitable for picking, but has a feature that it can be taken out quickly, and the flat warehouse (3B) has a feature that it can be picked but takes time. In-house mobile shipment generally involves a large shipment amount of the same item during one truck transport, and picking is not performed. Customer shipment generally has a strong tendency to ship a large number of items in small quantities during one truck transport. For this reason, it is possible to increase shipping efficiency by allocating items with a lot of in-house shipments to an automatic warehouse and items with a lot of customer shipments to a flat warehouse, and it is also necessary for customer shipments. Can also be picked.
[0008]
  A receipt / shipment management method according to the present invention is a receipt / shipment management method for managing receipt / shipment of a warehouse facility (2) having a plurality of shipment berths (4) corresponding to a shipment destination, wherein each shipment item has a shipment destination. And the past shipment record information relating to the shipment amount, and the storage location (L) in the warehouse facility (2) is assigned to each item of the article to be stored according to the past shipment record. is there.
  The allocation of the storage location (L) is performed by searching for an empty storage location (L) according to a predetermined rule and allocating the storage location (L). When allocating to an empty storage location (L) to which (L) has already been allocated, the adjacent storage location (L) is an empty storage location (L) in which articles of different items are allocated to the items to be allocated ) To give priorityTo do. The storage location (L) is a flat warehouse (3 B ) And stores items of the same item that have different manufacturing dates and times.
  The management of the information on the past shipment results is based on the past shipment results for each item of goods to be stored, the ratio of shipments with different shipping destinations (shipping ratio), and the shipping quantity for each shipment with different shipping destinations. It may be a process of calculating a shipment quantity rank obtained by classifying. In this case, when assigning the storage location (L) in the warehouse facility (2) for each item of the article to be stored according to the past shipment record, the calculated shipment ratio for each item and Two or more types of warehouses (3 different types depending on the purpose of configuring the warehouse facility (2) according to the shipment rank.A), (3B), And the storage location (L) may be assigned after the zone assignment.Yes. One of the two or more warehouses is the flat warehouse (3 B ).
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The receipt / shipment management system 1 is a system for managing receipt / shipment of the warehouse facility 2. The warehouse facility 2 includes a warehouse 3, a shipping berth 4, and an in-facility transport device 5, and the in-facility transport device 5 is controlled by a warehouse facility control device 6. A plurality of production lines 7 (7A~ 7D) Product unloading part is connected. The warehouse facility 2 has multiple types of warehouses 3 as warehouses 3.A~ 3Chave. These warehouses 3A~ 3CAre an automatic warehouse, a flat warehouse, and a refrigerated warehouse, respectively. Automatic warehouse 3AIs a three-dimensional warehouse composed of, for example, a double row multi-stage rack and a stacker crane between the racks. Flat warehouse 3BAnd refrigerated warehouse 3CFIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are both two-story, and the first-floor portion 1F is arranged on the lower side of the drawing and the second-floor portion 2F is arranged on the upper side of the drawing. Production line 7 is flat warehouse 3BThe second floor portion 2F is connected to the in-facility transport device 5 and includes a palletizer 8 for each line. The in-facility transport device 5 includes a horizontal warehouse 3 in addition to the horizontal route transport device 5a.BIt has a vertical conveying device 5b for conveying articles between the first floor portion 1F and the second floor portion 2F. The warehouse facility 2 has a plurality of warehouses 3 divided into zones for the convenience of management.AIs zone Z0, flat warehouse 3BThe 2nd and 1st floor parts are zone Z1 and zone Z2, respectively.CThe second floor portion and the first floor portion are referred to as zone Z3 and zone Z4, respectively.
[0010]
A plurality of shipping berths 4 are provided corresponding to the shipping destinations, and are divided into a plurality of berth groups G1 to G3 divided into shipping destinations and specific items. The first berth group G1 is for in-house moving shipment, and some berths 4 in this berth group G1 are automatic warehouses 3ACorresponding to the remaining berth 4 is a flat warehouse 3BIt is installed correspondingly. Automatic warehouse 3ASide berth 4 and flat warehouse 3BThe side berths 4 are shown apart from each other for the sake of illustration, but are actually arranged at positions close to each other. The second berth group G2 is for customer shipping. The third berth group G3 is for specific items, and is classified for in-house moving shipment when classified by shipping destination.
Flat warehouse 3 corresponding to each shipping berth 4BAnd refrigerated warehouse 3CAs shown by a white arrow, an article dispensing port 9 is provided.
[0011]
The article stored in the warehouse 3 is a pallet stack, for example, and is stored together with the pallet. FIG. 4 shows an example of an article W made of a pallet stack. This article W is obtained by storing a plurality of individual containers k such as cans or bottles filled with contents such as beverages in a case K and stacking the cases K on a pallet P. Articles W made of a pallet stack are directly stacked on the pallet P without being put in the case K when the individual container k is a large one such as a barrel or a tank. Such articles W are palletized by the palletizer 8 in each production line 7 of FIGS. 1 and 2, and are carried into the warehouse 3 by the in-facility transport device 5.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.BThe storage location L is a flat section partitioned vertically and horizontally for each floor in the warehouse, and each storage location L has a size that allows a plurality of articles W, such as pallet stacks, to be stored side by side. Have. In the example shown in the figure, the storage place L composed of the above-described plane sections is wide enough to store a plurality of articles W vertically and horizontally.
Refrigerated warehouse 3CAlthough the illustration of the storage location L is omitted, each area of the shelves in each row arranged in a plurality of rows is the storage location.
Automatic warehouse 3 in Figure 1AEach pallet placement area in each shelf of each row of racks is a storage location L.
The storage location L referred to in this specification is a minimum unit of storage area managed by the receipt / shipment management system 1.
[0013]
In FIG. 1, the receipt / shipment management system 1 includes a shipment ratio / shipment rank calculation unit 11, a storage location allocation unit 12, and a dispensing port allocation unit 13 which are shipment result management units. Based on the result of the allocation location of the mouth 9, the in-facility transport device 5 is controlled by the warehouse facility control device 6. The receipt / shipment management system 1 is configured on a single computer or a plurality of computers, and is connected to a host management system 10 that performs production management, distribution management, and the like.
[0014]
The shipment ratio / shipment rank calculation means 11 ranks the shipment ratio and the shipment ratio, for example, the ratio of in-house moving shipment and customer shipment based on the past shipment record for each item of the article to be stored. It is a means for calculating the shipment quantity rank.
The storage location assigning means 12 is a means for assigning the storage location L in the warehouse facility 2 for each item of the article to be stored, according to the past shipment record information. The past shipment record is a track record related to the shipment destination and the shipment amount. The above-mentioned shipment ratio is used as a result regarding the shipping destination. The shipment rank is used as a result regarding the shipment amount.
The payout port assigning means 13 is determined according to a predetermined standard based on the storage place L assigned by the storage place assigning means 12. For example, in consideration of the storage location L and the dispensing port 9 that can be conveyed from the production line 7, the dispensing port 9 having a short conveying distance is assigned.
[0015]
An example of processing contents of the shipping ratio / shipping amount rank calculation means 11 will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the ABC rank is a shipment quantity rank.
As for the shipping ratio, the customer shipping ratio and the in-house mobile shipping ratio are calculated. In order to calculate these shipment ratios, the average number of shipments per day is calculated based on the shipment results and working days of the corresponding item obtained from the shipment result data. From the average number of shipments per day, calculate the ratio (%) between customer shipments and in-house shipments. That is,
Customer shipment ratio (%) = (Average number of customer shipments per day / total number of shipments per day) x 100
It is.
Internal mobile shipment ratio (%) = (Average number of internal mobile shipments per day / total number of shipments per day) x 100
It is.
Note that it is preferable that the shipping ratio can be manually corrected.
[0016]
In order to calculate the shipment quantity rank (ABC rank), the average total number of shipments per day is calculated from the shipment record obtained from the shipment record data and the number of working days.
Average number of customer shipments per day = Customer shipment results for the corresponding item / number of working days
Average number of in-house moving shipments per day = In-house moving shipment record / working days
Average total number of shipments per day = Average number of customer shipments of the relevant item per day + 1 Average number of internal mobile shipments per day.
From the average total number of shipments per day, the top m items (m is a natural number) of shipments are defined as first rank products (A rank products), and less than the top m items are defined as second rank products (BC rank products). For example, m is 5.
About a shipment amount rank (ABC rank), when it is during the campaign period of some items, the setting according to the campaign is performed beforehand, and the value corrected with respect to the shipment results is obtained.
[0017]
FIG. 6 shows an outline of allocating the storage location L by the storage location allocation means 12 (FIGS. 1 and 7) using the shipping ratio and the shipping quantity rank (ABC rank) obtained as described above.
The allocation of the storage location L by the storage location allocation means 12 is performed on the production schedule data. For example, the production is scheduled for one day (the next day, etc.). The production schedule data manages the following items, for example, for each production date and production line according to the production schedule registration setting.
・ Manufacturing order
·Item code
・ Number of production cases (for cans and bottles packed in cases)
-Daily production start time
・ One day production end time
・ Lunch break time
・ Inspection category
The number of manufacturing cases is registered by calculating the number of manufacturing cases for each time zone lot. In this case, the number of manufacturing capacities per unit time (for example, 1 minute) is managed for each capacity of the manufacturing line and the manufacturing item.
The time zone lot is a production amount (number of manufacturing cases) for each divided time zone in which one day is divided into several (for example, 6) time zones.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 7, the storage location allocation means 12 has a zone allocation unit 14 and empty storage location allocation units 15 and 16, and after the allocation of zones Z0 to Z4 (FIG. 1) is performed, the allocation is performed. For each zone Z0 to Z4, a storage location L is allocated. The empty storage location allocation units 15 and 16 include an allocation in an automatic warehouse and an allocation in a flat warehouse. In addition, the storage location allocation means 12 is refrigerated warehouse 3 for specific items, for example, barrel products.CThe storage location L is assigned to a predetermined different standard. Refrigerated warehouse 3CDescription of the assignment method in is omitted.
[0019]
The zone allocation unit 14 is configured to change the automatic warehouse 3 constituting the warehouse facility 3 according to the shipment ratio and the shipment amount rank for each item.AAnd flat warehouse 3BIt is a means for assigning the zoned zone to. As the shipment ratio and the shipment amount rank, values calculated by the shipment ratio / shipment rank calculation means 11 (FIG. 1) are used.
[0020]
A specific example of zone assignment will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is determined whether an article to be allocated is an in-house moving shipment item or a customer shipment item (step S1). This determination is made based on whether or not the in-house mobile shipment ratio is equal to or greater than a set value. The set value is preferably parameterized and can be changed.
If it is an in-house moving shipment product, the process proceeds to shipping destination determination (step S2), and it is determined whether or not it is the first rank (A rank). If it is the first rank, a zone is assigned as in step S4. In the figure, the zone assignment steps S4 to S7 describe zones in the first priority order, the second priority order, and the third priority order in order from the top. In either case, if there is no empty storage location of a predetermined level or higher in the first priority order, the zone is assigned to the second priority order zone. Assign.
[0021]
As can be seen from the figure, the first rank (A rank) goods in the in-house moving shipment are the automatic warehouse 3 in the first priority order.A(Zone Z0), 2nd floor flat warehouse 3B(Zone Z1) is second priority, 1st floor flat warehouse 3B(Zone Z2) is set to the third priority order.
Products shipped in-house and second-ranked (BC-ranked) items are automatically stored in the first priority order.AAssigned to (Zone Z0), 1st floor flat warehouse 3B(Zone Z2) is second priority, 2nd floor flat warehouse 3B(Zone Z2) is set to the third priority order.
The first-ranked (A rank) goods shipped from the customer are 2nd floor flat warehouse 3B(Zone Z1), automatic warehouse 3A(Zone Z0) First floor flat warehouse 3BThey are assigned in the priority order of (zone Z2).
The second-ranked (BC rank) goods shipped from the customer are on the 1st floor flat warehouse 3B(Zone Z2), automatic warehouse 3A(Zone Z0) 2nd floor flat warehouse 3BThey are assigned in the priority order of (zone Z1).
[0022]
As a result of the above zone assignment, the following advantages are obtained.
Since goods for in-house shipping are not picked, automatic warehouse 3 as described aboveAThe best shipping efficiency. Therefore, the shipping berth 4 for in-house moving shipment is the automatic warehouse 3AIs provided against.
Flat warehouse 3BThen, since the payout port is on the second floor, the transport time from the storage location L to the shipping berth 4 is shorter in the zone Z1 on the second floor than in the zone Z2 on the first floor. Even if the horizontal movement distance is long, the vertical conveyance device 5b is not used, so the conveyance time is short. For this reason, articles with a shipping ratio of 1st rankAIf it is not assigned to the zone, if it is assigned to the zone (Z1) on the second floor, a drop in shipping efficiency can be suppressed.
Since products shipped from customers may be picked, flat warehouse 3BSince it is assigned to, picking becomes easier. Of these, articles with a shipping rank of the first rank (A rank) are assigned to the zone Z1 on the second floor. For this reason, articles with a large shipment amount are placed in the storage place L with a short transportation time, and the efficiency of shipment is reduced. good. Since the goods of the second rank (BC rank) have a small amount of shipment, even if they are placed in the zone Z2 on the first floor where the transport time at the time of shipment is long, the total shipment time does not become long.
[0023]
The empty storage location allocation unit 15 for the automatic warehouse in FIG.AThe storage location L is assigned to the articles assigned to the zone as follows.
First, a number of pallets for storing articles are reserved.
Next, allocate empty shelves. The allocation repeats the allocation of empty shelves in the following order in units of a predetermined number of pallets for the production schedule data of the same production rank (ABC rank) (the above predetermined number of pallet units is once for a forklift). A unit for conveying, for example, a unit of two pallets).
・ Production rank (ABC rank) order: “second rank” next to “first rank”
・ Item code order
・ Time lot order
・ Production line order
[0024]
The empty storage location allocation unit 16 for the flat warehouse shown in FIG.BFor the articles assigned to the zones Z1 and Z2, the storage location L is assigned for each zone as follows. The reservation order of the empty storage location L is performed in the following order for each production schedule data unit.
・ Time lot order
・ Production line order
[0025]
The allocation of the storage location L by the empty storage location allocation unit 16 is performed according to the setting rule as shown in FIG. As the setting rules, there are the following rules.
・ Basic allocation procedure
・ Consolidation processing rules
・ Adjacent location assignment rules
-Search order rule (in the same condition)
In the above setting rules, the basic allocation procedure is a rule that defines the basic procedure of allocation, and the other rules are rules that are added to the basic allocation procedure according to circumstances. The mixed loading processing rule is a rule that defines a procedure when a different item is mixedly loaded in the same storage location L. The adjacent location allocation rule is a rule that defines a procedure for allocation to an adjacent storage location L. The search order rule (in the case of the same condition) is a rule that defines a procedure for searching for an empty storage place when an article having the same condition is allocated under a set condition.
[0026]
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a storage location determination procedure (basic allocation procedure in FIG. 8) by the empty storage location allocation unit 16.
First, it is determined whether there is a storage place L or an empty storage place L that can be mounted together in the assigned zone (R1). Without any of them, all articles to be allocated cannot be stored (R11).
If there is any storage location L, it is next determined whether or not there is a storage location L that can be mixed (R2). If there is no storage location L that can be mixed, the process proceeds to step R5 for determining whether there is an empty storage location L for an item that is adjacent. The process of step R5 will be described later.
When there is a storage place L that can be mixedly loaded, it is determined whether or not the storage rate of the storage place L is equal to or less than the storage rate (n%) that defines the standard for whether or not to load together (R3). n is preferably a value arbitrarily set as a parameter. When satisfying the requirement of the storage rate of the mixed loading availability standard, it is determined whether or not all articles to be allocated can be stored (R4). If all items can be stored, storage of all articles is assigned to the storage location L (R9). If all the items cannot be stored in the determination step R4, it is determined whether or not there is an empty storage place for an item with a different neighbor (R5). In the step (R3) of determining whether the storage rate of the mixed loading availability standard is satisfied, even when the storage rate exceeds n%, the determination step (R5) of determining whether there is a storage place for an item adjacent to the storage rate. move on.
[0027]
Regardless of which route is reached, if there is a storage place L for items with different neighbors in the determination step (R5) for determining whether there is a storage place for items with different neighbors, all are stored in that storage place L. It is determined whether or not it is possible (R6). If all the items can be stored, all articles are assigned to the storage location L (R9). In this determination step R6, when all the items cannot be stored, it is determined whether there is an empty storage place L of the same item next to the same (R7). In the determination step (R5) of the empty storage location L of the item with different neighbors, it is determined whether or not there is an empty storage location L of the same item even if there is no empty storage location L of the item with different neighbors. The process proceeds to step S7.
If there is an empty storage place L of the same item next to it, it is determined whether or not all the items can be stored in the storage place L (R8), and if possible, all articles are assigned to the storage place L. (R9). If the entire storage cannot be performed (R8), only a part of the storage is allocated, or the entire storage cannot be allocated (R10).
If it is determined in the determining step (R7) whether there is an empty storage place L of the same item next to the item, if it is determined that it is not, allocation of some or all items is disabled (R10).
[0028]
In step R5, in determining whether there are empty storage locations for items with different neighbors, only the neighbors in the front-rear direction are considered even if only the neighbors in the left-right direction are taken into account, depending on the take-out form. As an object, both the front-rear and left-right directions may be considered. For example, in FIG. 12, when the storage location L0 is an empty storage location, if there is a movement path between the storage location rows of each row A, B, C, both sides in the front-rear direction (Y direction) It is sufficient to determine whether only the storage locations L1 and L2 are storage locations for different items. In general, there are many such forms. If the storage location L0 is an empty storage location and there is a movement path between the storage location columns of each row I, II, III, the storage locations L3 on both sides in the left-right direction (X direction) It may be determined whether only L4 is a storage place for different items.
[0029]
FIG. 11 shows an example of the search order of the storage location L. In the allocation process described with FIG. 10, when there are a plurality of storage locations L with the same conditions, they are allocated in the following order. In this example, the priority of the allocation order is made different for each production line 7.
For articles received from a predetermined production line (for example, 7A to B) of the first rank product (A rank product), the storage location L was searched from the middle of the zone Z1 to both ends as indicated by arrows a and b. Assign in order.
For goods that are first rank goods (A rank goods) and are received from another predetermined production line (for example, 7C), as indicated by an arrow c, the storage location L is searched from one end of the zone Z1 to the other end. Assign in order.
For goods that are first rank goods (A rank goods) and are received from another predetermined production line (for example, 7D), as shown by the arrow d, the storage location L is searched from the other end of the zone Z1 to one end side. Assign in order.
In the case of zone Z2, for a predetermined production line (for example, 7C), a first priority search is performed from the middle to one end side as indicated by arrow e, and a second priority search is performed from the middle to the other end side as indicated by arrow f. Do.
In the case of zone Z2, for other predetermined production lines (for example, 7D), the first priority search is performed from the middle to the other end side as indicated by arrow g, and the second priority search is performed from the middle to one end side as indicated by arrow h. I do.
[0030]
The payout port assigning means 13 in FIG. 1 assigns the payout port 9, that is, assigns the used berth 4 as described above, based on the storage location L assigned in this way.
[0031]
According to the receipt / shipment management system 1, the storage location assigning means 12 assigns the storage location in the warehouse facility 2 in accordance with the past shipment record information. On the other hand, an appropriate storage location L can be assigned.
In particular, the storage location allocating means 12 determines whether the automatic warehouse 3 corresponds to the shipment ratio and shipment quantity rank for each item.AAnd flat warehouse 3BAnd the zone allocation unit 14 (FIG. 7) for allocating the zones Z0 to Z2 divided into zones, and the automatic warehouse 3ATo store items with high customer shipments in the flat warehouse 3BTherefore, efficient shipping according to the characteristics of in-house moving shipping and customer shipping can be performed, and appropriate storage can be performed according to the difference in the shipping mode such as the presence or absence of picking.
In addition, the empty storage location allocation unit 16 of the storage location allocation unit 12 assigns the adjacent storage location L to the item to be allocated when the adjacent storage location L is allocated to the allocated empty storage location L. Since the empty storage place L to which the articles of different items are assigned is preferentially assigned, it is avoided that the articles of the same item having different production dates and times are stored in the adjacent storage places L, and the production dates and times are different. Articles of the same item can be stored in clearly different storage locations L. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the same item from being manufactured with different manufacture dates and times from being shipped accidentally.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
A receipt / shipment management system and a receipt / shipment management method according to the present invention are systems or methods for managing receipt / shipment of a warehouse facility having a plurality of shipment berths corresponding to a ship-to party, wherein Information on past shipment results related to quantity is managed, and according to past shipment results, storage locations in the warehouse facility are assigned to each item of goods to be stored, so it is possible to improve shipping efficiency, The time to wait for the track is short.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a conceptual configuration of a receipt / shipment management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a plan view of each floor of the flat warehouse according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a storage location of the flat warehouse.
FIG. 4 is a side view of an example article.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a process for creating a shipment ratio and a shipment amount rank;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a storage location and a payout port assignment process.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a conceptual configuration of storage location assignment means.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a conceptual configuration of an empty storage location allocation unit.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a zone allocation process.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a storage location allocation process.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of an empty storage location search method.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of adjacent storage locations.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Receipt and shipment management system
2 ... Warehouse facilities
3 ... Warehouse
3A…Automatic warehouse
3B... Horizontal warehouse
3C... refrigerated warehouse
4 ... Shipping berth
5 ... Facility transportation equipment
7,7A~ 7D... Production line
9 ... Payout port
10 ... Upper management system
11 ... Shipping ratio / shipping rank calculation means
12 ... Storage location assignment means
13. Dispensing port assignment means
14 ... Zone allocation part
15, 16 ... Empty storage location allocation section
G1-G3 ... Birth Group
L ... Storage location
P ... pallet
W ... Goods
Z0-Z4 ... Zone

Claims (4)

出荷先に対応する複数の出荷バースを備えた倉庫施設の入出荷を管理する入出荷管理システムであって、物品の品目毎に出荷先および出荷量に関する過去の出荷実績の情報を管理する出荷実績管理手段と、過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設内の保管場所を割付ける保管場所割付手段とを設け、上記保管場所割付手段は、所定の規則に従って空き保管場所を探索して保管場所を割付ける空き保管場所割付部を有し、この空き保管場所割付部は、隣接する保管場所が割付済みである空き保管場所に割付ける場合に、当該隣接する保管場所には割り付けを行う品目に対して異なる品目の物品が割付けられた空き保管場所を優先して割り付けるものとし、前記保管場所は、ピッキングが可能な平置倉庫であって製造日時が異なる同品目の物品を保管するものである入出荷管理システム。A receipt / shipment management system that manages receipt / shipment of warehouse facilities with multiple shipment berths corresponding to the ship-to destination, and manages past shipment record information related to the ship-to party and the shipment quantity for each item of goods a management unit, in accordance with past shipments, only setting a storage location allocation means for allocating a storage location of the storage facility for each item of stored articles, the storage location allocation means, free in accordance with a predetermined rule It has an empty storage location allocation section that searches for storage locations and assigns storage locations, and this empty storage location allocation section allocates adjacent storage locations when the adjacent storage locations are assigned to allocated storage locations. Priority is given to an empty storage location where goods of different items are assigned to the item to be assigned to the location, and the storage location is a flat warehouse that can be picked, and the date of manufacture Shipment and receipt management system is intended to store the goods of different same items. 上記出荷実績管理手段は、保管する物品の品目毎に、過去の出荷実績を元に、出荷先の異なる出荷の比率(出荷比率)と、上記出荷先の異なる出荷毎に出荷量をランク分けした出荷量ランクとを算出する出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段であり、上記保管場所割付手段は、上記出荷比率・出荷量ランク算出手段により算出された品目毎の出荷比率および出荷量ランクに応じて、上記倉庫施設を構成する目的に応じタイプの異なる2種以上の倉庫にゾーン分けされたゾーンを割付けるゾーン割付部を有するものとし、前記2種以上の倉庫の一つが前記平置倉庫である請求項1記載の入出荷管理システム。The above-mentioned shipment record management means ranks the shipment amount for each item of the article to be stored, based on the past shipment record, and the ratio of shipments with different shipment destinations (shipment ratio) and each shipment with different shipment destinations. A shipment ratio / shipment rank calculation means for calculating a shipment quantity rank, wherein the storage location assigning means corresponds to the shipment ratio and the shipment quantity rank for each item calculated by the shipment ratio / shipment rank rank calculation means. And a zone assigning unit that assigns zones divided into two or more types of warehouses of different types according to the purpose of constructing the warehouse facility, and one of the two or more types of warehouses is the flat warehouse. there claim 1 Symbol placement shipment and receipt management system. 出荷先に対応する複数の出荷バースを備えた倉庫施設の入出荷を管理する入出荷管理方法であって、物品の品目毎に出荷先および出荷量に関する過去の出荷実績の情報を管理し、過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設内の保管場所を割付けるようにし、上記保管場所の割付けは、所定の規則に従って空き保管場所を探索して保管場所を割付けるようにし、この空き保管場所の割付けは、隣接する保管場所が割付済みである空き保管場所に割付ける場合に、当該隣接する保管場所には割付けを行う品目に対して異なる品目の物品が割付けられた空き保管場所を優先して割付けるようにし、前記保管場所は、ピッキングが可能な平置倉庫であって製造日時が異なる同品目の物品を保管するものである入出荷管理方法。A receipt / shipment management method for managing receipt / shipment of a warehouse facility having a plurality of delivery berths corresponding to a ship-to destination, managing past shipment record information related to the ship-to party and the shipment quantity for each item of goods, According to the actual shipment results, the storage location in the warehouse facility is assigned to each item of goods to be stored , and the storage location is allocated by searching for an empty storage location according to a predetermined rule. This allocation of empty storage locations is performed when an adjacent storage location is assigned to an empty storage location that has already been assigned, and an item of a different item is assigned to the item to be assigned to the adjacent storage location. A storage / shipment management method in which a given empty storage location is preferentially assigned, and the storage location is a flat warehouse capable of picking and storing articles of the same item with different production dates and times . 上記過去の出荷実績の情報の管理は、保管する物品の品目毎に、過去の出荷実績を元に、出荷先の異なる出荷の比率(出荷比率)と、上記出荷先の異なる出荷毎に出荷量をランク分けした出荷量ランクとを算出する処理であり、上記過去の出荷実績に応じて、保管する物品の品目毎に上記倉庫施設内の保管場所を割付けるときに、上記の算出された品目毎の出荷比率および出荷量ランクに応じて、上記倉庫施設を構成する目的に応じタイプの異なる2種以上の倉庫にゾーン分けされたゾーンを割付け、前記2種以上の倉庫の一つが前記平置倉庫であり、このゾーンの割付けの後に保管場所を割付ける請求項3記載の入出荷管理方法。The management of the information on the past shipment results is based on the past shipment results for each item of goods to be stored, the ratio of shipments with different shipping destinations (shipping ratio), and the shipping quantity for each shipment with different shipping destinations. The above-mentioned calculated item when assigning the storage location in the warehouse facility for each item of the item to be stored in accordance with the past shipment record. depending on the delivery ratio and shipments rank for each, the warehousing facilities zoned zones in different types of two or more warehouse according to the purpose of constituting allocation only, said the one of two or more of the warehouse the flat a location warehouse, shipment and receipt management method according to claim 3, wherein assigning a storage location after the zone of allocation of this.
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