JP4076370B2 - Induction machine controller - Google Patents

Induction machine controller Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4076370B2
JP4076370B2 JP2002136486A JP2002136486A JP4076370B2 JP 4076370 B2 JP4076370 B2 JP 4076370B2 JP 2002136486 A JP2002136486 A JP 2002136486A JP 2002136486 A JP2002136486 A JP 2002136486A JP 4076370 B2 JP4076370 B2 JP 4076370B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
induction motor
inductance
current
slot
resistance
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JP2002136486A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003333894A (en
Inventor
洋一 大森
知明 桐谷
正志 高木
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Toyo Electric Manufacturing Ltd
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Toyo Electric Manufacturing Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、誘導電動機に電力を供給する電力変換器に係わり、前記誘導電動機の各種定数を該電力変換器により計測する技術に関する誘導機制御装置である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
誘導電動機の電気的定数である漏れインダクタンスや二次抵抗を前記誘導電動機に電力を供給する電力変換器により自動的に計測する技術の一例のブロック図を図2に示し、この図に基づいて従来の技術を説明する。
通常運転の際は、スイッチ6は通常制御器5の出力を選択して電力変換器1へ出力し、電力変換器1は誘導電動機4に電力を供給して例えば誘導電動機4のトルクや速度を制御することになる。その際に通常制御器5は、誘導電動機4の電気的定数である二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLを用いるのでそれらが記憶されている記憶器9の出力である二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLを入力する。記憶器9に誘導電動機4の二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLが記憶されていない場合は、誘導電動機4が停止した状態でスイッチ6が周波数対複数単相試験器7の出力S2を選択して電力変換器1に出力する。周波数対複数単相試験器7は、誘導電動機4に単相の交流電流が流れるような信号S2を出力し、誘導電動機4の入力電圧を推定または検出する電圧検出器2と誘導電動機4の入力電流を検出する電流検出器3との出力を入力して、誘導電動機4を抵抗とインダクタンスの直列回路と見なして前記抵抗とインダクタンスの値を求める単相試験手段を具備し、前記交流電流の周波数を異にして前記単相試験手段を所定回数のn回実行する。例えば前記交流電流の周波数がf1の時の前記単相試験手段によって得られた前記抵抗とインダクタンスの値をそれぞれRf1、Lf1とし、周波数がf2の場合はRf2、Lf2とすると、Rf1からRfnのn個の前記抵抗値とLf1からLfnのn個の前記インダクタンス値が周波数対複数単相試験器7から電気定数演算器8に出力される。電気定数演算器8では、次ぎに示す式
【0003】
【数1】
R2=G1・Rf1+G2・Rf2+...+Gn・Rfn (1)
L=H1・Lf1+H2・Lf2+...+Hn・Lfn (2)
【0004】
により誘導電動機4の電気的定数である二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLを求める。ここでG1、G2、・・・GnとH1、H2、・・・Hnは定数であり、様々な誘導電動機による実験結果より経験的に与えられるものである。
電気定数演算器8で求められた二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLは記憶器9で記憶され、その後は前述した通常運転へと移行する。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来技術の説明において電気定数演算器8で用いる定数G1、G2、・・・GnとH1、H2、・・・Hnは、実験結果より経験的に与えられるものとしており、それぞれが固定値としている。しかし、実験的検証により誘導電動機の回転子のスロットが開いている場合(スロットに備えられているロータバーが回転子外部から見える場合)と閉じている場合(スロットに備えられているロータバーが回転子外部から見えない場合)では異なる値としなければならないことが判明した。
つまりスロットが開いている場合は[数1]のG1、G2、・・・GnやH1、H2、・・・Hnの変わりにGo1、Go2、・・・GonやHo1、Ho2、・・・Honを用い、スロットが閉じている場合はGc1、Gc2、・・・GcnやHc1、Hc2、・・・Hcnを用いる必要性がでてきたわけである。
しかし、一般に誘導電動機を外から見て回転子のスロットが開いてるかどうかは判断することはできないので上記のような定数の選択ができず、例えば電気定数演算器8で用いる定数にスロットが閉じている場合の値を用いているならば、スロットが開いている誘導電動機を適用した場合に、電気定数演算器8で求められる二次抵抗や漏れインダクタンスの値は実際の値から大きくずれることがある。通常制御器5では記憶器9を通じて電気定数演算器8で求められた二次抵抗や漏れインダクタンスを用いてトルクや速度を制御するために、二次抵抗や漏れインダクタンスに誤差があると正確なトルクや速度の制御ができなくなる恐れがある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前述の問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、誘導電動機のトルクや速度を制御する誘導機制御装置であって、停止した前記誘導電動機に単相の交流電流を流して検出された前記誘導電動機の電流や電圧の情報より前記誘導電動機を抵抗とインダクタンスとの直列回路と見なして前記抵抗とインダクタンスを求めることを、前記交流電流の大きさを異にして複数回実行して各電流の大きさに対する前記インダクタンスを求める電流対複数単相試験手段と、該電流対複数単相試験手段で得られた各電流の大きさに対するインダクタンスより電流の大きさの変化量に対するインダクタンスの変化量を求める変化量算出手段と、該変化量算出手段によるインダクタンスの変化量が所定値より大きい場合は前記誘導電動機の回転子のスロットが閉じていると判断し、前記変化量が前記所定値以下の場合は前記スロットが開いていると判断するスロット開閉判断手段とを具備することを特徴とする誘導機制御装置である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施例を図1に示し、以下この図に基づいて説明する。なお従来技術の図2と同じ部分については説明を省略する。
記憶器9が誘導電動機4の電気的定数である二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLを記憶していない場合において、誘導電動機4が停止した状態でスイッチ6は電流対複数単相試験器10の出力S3を選択して電力変換器1に出力する。電流対複数単相試験器10は、誘導電動機4に単相の交流電流が流れるような信号S3を出力し、電圧検出器2と電流検出器3との出力を入力して、誘導電動機4を抵抗とインダクタンスの直列回路と見なして前記抵抗とインダクタンスの値を求める単相試験手段を具備し、前記交流電流の大きさを異にして前記単相試験手段を所定回数のm回実行する。例えば前記交流電流の大きさがI1の時の前記単相試験手段によって得られた前記インダクタンスの値をLi1とし、電流の大きさがI2の場合はLi2とし電流の大きさがImの場合はLimとすると、Li1からLimのm個の前記インダクタンス値が電流対複数単相試験器10からスロット開閉判断器11に出力される。
【0008】
スロット開閉判断器11では、Li1〜Limの値とそれらの値を得た電流の大きさI1〜Imをもちいて、電流の大きさの変化量に対するインダクタンスの変化量を求め、該変化量が所定値より大きい場合は誘導電動機4の回転子のスロットが閉じていると判断して信号Aを「閉」とし、前記変化量が前記所定値以下の場合は前記スロットが開いていると判断して信号Aを「開」とする。
【0009】
次にスイッチ6は、周波数対複数単相試験器7の出力S2を選択して電力変換器1に出力する。周波数対複数単相試験器7は従来の技術と同じなので説明を省略する。
電気定数演算器8’は、周波数対複数単相試験器7出力であるRf1〜Rfnのn個の抵抗値とLf1〜Lfnのn個のインダクタンス値とスロット開閉判断器11出力信号Aを入力し、信号Aが「閉」ならば[数1]のG1、G2、・・・GnやH1、H2、・・・Hnの変わりに、前述したGc1、Gc2、・・・GcnやHc1、Hc2、・・・Hcnを用い、信号Aが「開」ならば、前述したGo1、Go2、・・・GonやHo1、Ho2、・・・Honを用いて、誘導電動機4の電気的定数である二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLを求める。
電気定数演算器8’で求められた二次抵抗R2と漏れインダクタンスLは記憶器9で記憶される。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、誘導電動機の回転子のスロットが開いているかどうかが容易に判断できるので、電気定数演算器8’においてスロット開閉に応じた定数を選択して、正確な二次抵抗や漏れインダクタンスを求めることができ、スイッチ6が通常制御器5の出力を選択している通常運転時において正確なトルクや速度の制御ができるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、本発明の実施例を表したブロック線図である。
【図2】図2は、従来の技術を表したブロック線図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・電力変換器
2・・・電圧検出器
3・・・電流検出器
4・・・誘導電動機
5・・・通常制御器
6・・・スイッチ
7・・・周波数対複数単相試験器
8、8’・・・電気定数演算器
9・・・記憶器
10・・・電流対複数単相試験器
11・・・スロット開閉判断器
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a power converter that supplies power to an induction motor, and relates to an induction machine control device related to a technique for measuring various constants of the induction motor using the power converter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an example of a technique for automatically measuring leakage inductance and secondary resistance, which are electrical constants of the induction motor, by a power converter that supplies power to the induction motor. Explain the technology.
During normal operation, the switch 6 selects the output of the normal controller 5 and outputs it to the power converter 1. The power converter 1 supplies power to the induction motor 4, for example, the torque and speed of the induction motor 4. To control. At that time, the normal controller 5 uses the secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L, which are the electrical constants of the induction motor 4, so the secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L which are the outputs of the memory 9 in which they are stored. Enter. When the secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L of the induction motor 4 are not stored in the storage device 9, the switch 6 selects the output S2 of the frequency versus multiple single-phase tester 7 while the induction motor 4 is stopped. Output to the power converter 1. The frequency vs. multiple single-phase tester 7 outputs a signal S2 that causes a single-phase alternating current to flow through the induction motor 4, and estimates or detects the input voltage of the induction motor 4 and the input of the induction motor 4. A single-phase test means for obtaining the value of the resistance and the inductance by considering the induction motor 4 as a series circuit of the resistance and the inductance by inputting the output of the current detector 3 for detecting the current; and the frequency of the alternating current The single-phase test means is executed n times a predetermined number of times. For example, assuming that the values of the resistance and the inductance obtained by the single-phase testing means when the frequency of the alternating current is f1 are Rf1 and Lf1, respectively, and Rf2 and Lf2 when the frequency is f2, n of Rf1 to Rfn The resistance values and the n inductance values Lf1 to Lfn are output from the frequency pair plural single-phase tester 7 to the electrical constant calculator 8. In the electric constant calculator 8, the following equation is used:
[Expression 1]
R2 = G1 · Rf1 + G2 · Rf2 +. . . + Gn · Rfn (1)
L = H1 · Lf1 + H2 · Lf2 +. . . + Hn · Lfn (2)
[0004]
Thus, the secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L, which are electrical constants of the induction motor 4, are obtained. Here, G1, G2,... Gn and H1, H2,... Hn are constants, and are given empirically from experimental results using various induction motors.
The secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L obtained by the electric constant calculator 8 are stored in the storage device 9, and thereafter, the above-described normal operation is performed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The constants G1, G2,... Gn and H1, H2,... Hn used in the electric constant calculator 8 in the description of the prior art are given empirically from the experimental results, and each is a fixed value. . However, experimental verification shows that the rotor slot of the induction motor is open (when the rotor bar provided in the slot is visible from the outside of the rotor) and closed (the rotor bar provided in the slot is the rotor bar). It has been found that the value must be different if it is not visible from the outside.
That is, when the slot is open, G1, G2,... Gn, H1, H2,... Hn instead of Go1, Go2,... Gon, Ho1, Ho2,. When the slot is closed, it is necessary to use Gc1, Gc2,... Gcn, Hc1, Hc2,.
However, since it is generally impossible to determine whether the rotor slot is open when the induction motor is viewed from the outside, the above constant cannot be selected. For example, the slot is closed to the constant used in the electrical constant calculator 8. If an induction motor with an open slot is used, the values of the secondary resistance and leakage inductance obtained by the electrical constant calculator 8 may deviate greatly from the actual values. is there. Since the normal controller 5 controls the torque and speed using the secondary resistance and leakage inductance obtained by the electrical constant calculator 8 through the memory 9, an accurate torque can be obtained if there is an error in the secondary resistance or leakage inductance. And control of the speed may be lost.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is an induction motor control device that controls the torque and speed of an induction motor, and detects by passing a single-phase alternating current through the stopped induction motor. From the information on the current and voltage of the induction motor, the induction motor is regarded as a series circuit of resistance and inductance, and the resistance and inductance are obtained a plurality of times with different magnitudes of the alternating current. Current vs. multiple single-phase test means for obtaining the inductance for each current magnitude, and change in inductance relative to the amount of change in current magnitude from the inductance for each current magnitude obtained by the current vs. multiple single-phase test means A change amount calculating means for determining the amount, and if the amount of change in inductance by the change amount calculating means is greater than a predetermined value, the rotor of the induction motor It determines that Tsu bets are closed, if the change amount is equal to or less than the predetermined value is the induction machine control apparatus characterized by comprising a slot opening determining means for determining that said slot is open.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 and will be described with reference to FIG. The description of the same parts as those in FIG.
When the storage device 9 does not store the secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L, which are electrical constants of the induction motor 4, the switch 6 outputs the current versus the output of the single-phase tester 10 with the induction motor 4 stopped. S3 is selected and output to the power converter 1. The current pair plural single-phase tester 10 outputs a signal S3 such that a single-phase alternating current flows to the induction motor 4, inputs the outputs of the voltage detector 2 and the current detector 3, and causes the induction motor 4 to A single-phase test means for obtaining the values of the resistance and the inductance is regarded as a series circuit of resistance and inductance, and the single-phase test means is executed m times a predetermined number of times with different magnitudes of the alternating current. For example, the inductance value obtained by the single-phase testing means when the magnitude of the alternating current is I1 is Li1, Li2 when the current magnitude is I2, and Lim when the current magnitude is Im. Then, m inductance values from Li1 to Lim are output from the current pair plural single-phase tester 10 to the slot open / close determination unit 11.
[0008]
The slot open / close determining unit 11 uses the values Li1 to Lim and the current magnitudes I1 to Im obtained from these values to determine the amount of change in inductance relative to the amount of change in current, and the amount of change is predetermined. If greater than the value, it is determined that the rotor slot of the induction motor 4 is closed and the signal A is set to “closed”, and if the amount of change is less than the predetermined value, it is determined that the slot is open. Signal A is “open”.
[0009]
Next, the switch 6 selects the output S2 of the frequency versus multiple single-phase tester 7 and outputs it to the power converter 1. Since the frequency pair multiple single phase tester 7 is the same as the prior art, its description is omitted.
The electrical constant calculator 8 ′ inputs n resistance values of Rf1 to Rfn, n inductance values of Lf1 to Lfn, and an output signal A of the slot open / close determination unit 11 which are outputs of the frequency vs. single phase tester 7. If the signal A is “closed”, the above-described Gc1, Gc2,... Gcn, Hc1, Hc2, Gn, H2, H2,. If Hcn is used and the signal A is “open”, the above-described Go1, Go2,... Gon and Ho1, Ho2,... The resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L are obtained.
The secondary resistance R2 and the leakage inductance L obtained by the electrical constant calculator 8 ′ are stored in the storage unit 9.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it can be easily determined whether or not the slot of the rotor of the induction motor is open. Therefore, the electrical constant calculator 8 ′ selects a constant according to the opening / closing of the slot, and an accurate secondary resistance and leakage inductance are obtained. Therefore, the torque and speed can be accurately controlled during normal operation when the switch 6 selects the output of the normal controller 5.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a conventional technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power converter 2 ... Voltage detector 3 ... Current detector 4 ... Induction motor 5 ... Normal controller 6 ... Switch 7 ... Frequency vs. multiple single phase tester 8, 8 '... Electric constant calculator 9 ... Memory 10 ... Current pair multiple phase tester 11 ... Slot open / close judgment device

Claims (1)

誘導電動機のトルクや速度を制御する誘導電動機制御装置であって、停止した前記誘導電動機に単相の交流電流を流して検出された前記誘導電動機の電流や電圧の情報より前記誘導電動機を抵抗とインダクタンスとの直列回路と見なして前記抵抗とインダクタンスを求める単相試験を、前記交流電流の大きさを異にして複数回実行して各電流の大きさに対する前記インダクタンスを求める電流対複数単相試験手段と、該電流対複数単相試験手段で得られた各電流の大きさに対するインダクタンスより電流の大きさの変化量に対するインダクタンスの変化量を求める変化量算出手段と、該変化量算出手段によるインダクタンスの変化量が所定値より大きい場合は前記誘導電動機の回転子のスロットが閉じていると判断し、前記変化量が前記所定値以下の場合は前記スロットが開いていると判断するスロット開閉判断手段と、前記単相試験を前記交流電流の周波数を異にして複数回実行して前記各周波数に対する前記インダクタンスと抵抗を求める周波数対複数単相試験手段とを具備する誘導電動機制御装置において、前記スロット開閉判断手段の出力と前記周波数対複数単相試験手段との出力を入力して、前記誘導電動機の電気的定数である二次抵抗と漏れインダクタンスを求める電気定数演算手段を具備することを特徴とする誘導電動機制御装置。 An induction motor control device for controlling the torque and speed of an induction motor, wherein the induction motor is defined as a resistance based on information on the current and voltage of the induction motor detected by passing a single-phase alternating current through the stopped induction motor. A single-phase test for determining the resistance and the inductance as a series circuit with an inductance is executed a plurality of times with different magnitudes of the alternating current to determine the inductance for each current magnitude vs. a single-phase test for multiple currents A change amount calculating means for obtaining a change amount of the inductance with respect to a change amount of the current from an inductance with respect to each current magnitude obtained by the current versus the plurality of single phase test means, and an inductance by the change amount calculating means Is larger than a predetermined value, it is determined that the rotor slot of the induction motor is closed. And slot closing determination means in the following cases determines that the slot is open, the frequency pair of obtaining the inductance and resistance of the single-phase testing for each frequency by performing multiple times different from the frequency of the alternating current In the induction motor control apparatus comprising a plurality of single-phase test means, the output of the slot opening / closing judgment means and the output of the frequency versus the plurality of single-phase test means are input, and a secondary which is an electrical constant of the induction motor An induction motor control device comprising electrical constant calculation means for obtaining resistance and leakage inductance.
JP2002136486A 2002-05-13 2002-05-13 Induction machine controller Expired - Lifetime JP4076370B2 (en)

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