JP4072685B2 - Vertical screw press and its operating method - Google Patents

Vertical screw press and its operating method Download PDF

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JP4072685B2
JP4072685B2 JP2003349145A JP2003349145A JP4072685B2 JP 4072685 B2 JP4072685 B2 JP 4072685B2 JP 2003349145 A JP2003349145 A JP 2003349145A JP 2003349145 A JP2003349145 A JP 2003349145A JP 4072685 B2 JP4072685 B2 JP 4072685B2
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sludge
outer cylinder
filtration chamber
screw press
cake
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JP2005111368A (en
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栄一 石垣
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Ishigaki Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/128—Vertical or inclined screw presses

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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
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Description

この発明は、上水汚泥や化学工場から発生する無機性の粒子を多く含み、濃度の低い汚泥を処理する縦型スクリュープレスに関し、小規模上水場向けにも利用できるスクリュープレスに関する。   The present invention relates to a vertical screw press that treats sludge having a low concentration and containing a large amount of inorganic particles generated from water sludge and chemical plants, and relates to a screw press that can also be used for small-scale water plants.

従来、下水汚泥や食品排水汚泥等を脱水する装置としてスクリュープレスが良く知られている。このスクリュープレスの外筒と内筒を同心状に構成し、スクリュー羽根を回転させながらろ液を外筒と内筒のスクリーンから排出させ、汚泥を濃縮・脱水して脱水ケーキを外筒の排出口から取出すスクリュープレスは、特許文献１に記載してあるように公知である。また、外筒と内筒を立設して、スクリューの回転により固液混合物を圧縮移送させ、固液混合物の絞り圧力をろ滓出口の開閉弁で調整するスクリュープレスも、特許文献２に記載してあるように公知である。   Conventionally, a screw press is well known as an apparatus for dewatering sewage sludge, food wastewater sludge, and the like. The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of this screw press are concentrically configured, the filtrate is discharged from the screen of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder while rotating the screw blades, the sludge is concentrated and dehydrated, and the dewatered cake is discharged from the outer cylinder. The screw press taken out from the outlet is known as described in Patent Document 1. Also, Patent Document 2 discloses a screw press in which an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder are erected, a solid-liquid mixture is compressed and transferred by rotation of a screw, and a throttle pressure of the solid-liquid mixture is adjusted by an on-off valve at a filter outlet. As is known.

特許第２５１２６８３号公報（明細書の段落番号０００９乃至段落番 号００１２、図１）Japanese Patent No. 2512683 (paragraph numbers 0009 to 0012 of the specification, FIG. 1) 特開平５−２８５６９７号公報（明細書の段落番号００１４乃至段落 番号００１９、図１）JP-A-5-285697 (paragraph number 0014 to paragraph number 0019 in the specification, FIG. 1)

下水汚泥や食品の固液混合物などには圧縮性がある有機物を多く含んでおり、スクリュープレスは汚泥の容積を減量させながら移送させ、さらに圧搾して高圧脱水を可能とする利点がある。そして、スクリュープレスは、金属ろ材を使用しているため、ケーキの剥離性がよく、ろ材の洗浄も少なくて連続運転が可能となる。圧縮性の無い無機質を含んでいる上水汚泥等にスクリュープレスを使用すると、ろ過室に移送されるケーキが、終端部のスクリュー羽根で過度に圧密され、スクリュー羽根と供回りして、外筒内面との間に滑りを生じ排出できなくなる。したがって、スクリュープレスは上水汚泥や化学工場から発生する汚泥には使用が困難であった。   The sewage sludge and the solid-liquid mixture of food contain a lot of compressible organic substances, and the screw press has the advantage of allowing high-pressure dehydration by transferring and reducing the volume of sludge. And since the screw press uses the metal filter medium, the peelability of the cake is good, and the continuous operation is possible with little cleaning of the filter medium. If a screw press is used for clean water sludge containing inorganic material that is not compressible, the cake transferred to the filtration chamber will be excessively consolidated by the screw blades at the end, and will be used together with the screw blades, It slips between the inner surface and cannot be discharged. Therefore, the screw press has been difficult to use for water sludge and sludge generated from chemical factories.

その対策として、始端部から後端部に向って容積を減少させない構造の外筒と内筒を同心状とした従来のスクリュープレスにあっては、汚泥を常時スクリュー羽根で移送しながら圧搾するため、含水率が低下したケーキが圧搾部に充満して排出できなくなる恐れがある。これらのケーキを排出可能な状態で排出すると、含水率が大きいケーキとなる欠点がある。また、濃度が低い汚泥は、スクリュープレスの濃縮ゾーンのろ過室では固形物負荷よりも水負荷が大きく、頻繁に濃縮部のろ過面が目詰まりし、低濃度汚泥の脱水装置としても不向きである。そして、横置したスクリュープレスでは、ろ過室のろ過面積に比較して広い設置面積を必要とする。この発明は、上水汚泥や化学工場から発生する無機質を多く含む汚泥を対象として、汚泥の脱水性能を低下せずに大容量処理を可能としたスクリュープレスを提供する。   As a countermeasure, in a conventional screw press in which the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder have a concentric structure so as not to reduce the volume from the start end to the rear end, the sludge is constantly squeezed while being transferred by screw blades. There is a risk that the cake having a reduced moisture content will fill the squeezed part and cannot be discharged. When these cakes are discharged in a state where they can be discharged, there is a drawback that the cake has a high moisture content. In addition, sludge with a low concentration has a greater water load than a solid load in the filtration chamber of the screw press concentration zone, and the filtration surface of the concentration section is frequently clogged, making it unsuitable as a low concentration sludge dewatering device. . And the horizontal screw press requires a larger installation area than the filtration area of the filtration chamber. The present invention provides a screw press capable of large-capacity treatment without deteriorating the dewatering performance of sludge, targeting water sludge and sludge containing a large amount of inorganic substances generated from a chemical factory.

この発明の要旨は、金属ろ材を張設した外筒に、金属ろ材を張設して内部にろ液室を形成したスクリュー羽根を巻き掛けた内筒を回転自在に配設し、外筒と内筒の間のろ過室に汚泥を供給して、ろ液を分離しながら汚泥を濃縮し、脱水されたケーキをろ過室の他方から取出すスクリュープレスにおいて、漏斗状に構成した外筒を立設し、外筒に張設する金属ろ材をウエッジワイヤーで構成して、ウエッジワイヤーのスリットを汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って配設し、スリットをろ過室に向って縮小開口させると共に、内筒に巻きかけたスクリュー羽根の先端を外筒に近接させ、スクリュー羽根のピッチを下方に向かって漸減させ、スクリュー羽根の羽根面に張設した金属ろ材をパンチングメタルで構成し、パンチングメタルの開口を汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って小さくしたもので、スクリュー羽根の表裏の羽根面がろ過面となりろ過面積が増大する。ろ過面積の大きい濃縮ゾーンで供給された低濃縮の汚泥からろ液を分離するので、汚泥の大量処理が可能となる。金属ろ材を張設しているので、ろ材の強度が強くなり、剥離性もよいものである。また、ケーキはウエッジワイヤーのスリット面に案内されて排出方向に移動され、摩擦抵抗となることがない。さらに、スクリュー羽根に張設するパンチングメタルが、その開口を汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って小さくしているので、圧力が高まる排出側のケーキがろ材面から漏れ出すことがない。 The gist of the present invention is that an inner cylinder around which a metal filter medium is stretched and screw blades in which a filtrate chamber is formed is wrapped around a metal filter medium is rotatably arranged, In the screw press that supplies sludge to the filtration chamber between the inner cylinders, concentrates the sludge while separating the filtrate, and removes the dehydrated cake from the other side of the filtration chamber, a funnel-shaped outer cylinder is erected. The metal filter medium stretched on the outer cylinder is composed of a wedge wire, and the slit of the wedge wire is arranged from the sludge supply side to the dewatering side, and the slit is reduced and opened toward the filtration chamber . The tip of the screw blade wound around the cylinder is brought close to the outer cylinder, the pitch of the screw blade is gradually decreased downward, and the metal filter medium stretched on the blade surface of the screw blade is made of punching metal. Open the sludge Which was reduced toward the supply side to the dehydration side, front and rear of the blade surface of the screw blade filtration area becomes filtering surface is increased. Since the filtrate is separated from the low-concentration sludge supplied in the concentration zone having a large filtration area, a large amount of sludge can be treated. Since the metal filter medium is stretched, the strength of the filter medium is increased and the peelability is good. Moreover, the cake is guided by the slit surface of the wedge wire and moved in the discharge direction, and does not become frictional resistance. Furthermore, since the punching metal stretched around the screw blades has a smaller opening from the sludge supply side to the dewatering side, the discharge side cake where the pressure increases does not leak from the filter medium surface.

漏斗状の外筒は、上端部の直径と高さを下端部の直径の２〜３倍としたもので、濃縮ゾーンでのスクリュー羽根の表裏ろ過面が大きくなり、外筒とスクリュー羽根の両面ろ過が行なわれ、水負荷が大きい汚泥でも、ろ過面が目詰まりすることもなく汚泥からろ液が分離される。The funnel-shaped outer cylinder has a diameter and height at the upper end of 2 to 3 times the diameter of the lower end, and the front and back filtration surfaces of the screw blades in the concentration zone are large, and both the outer tube and screw blades Filtration is performed, and even if the sludge has a large water load, the filtrate is separated from the sludge without clogging the filtration surface.

汚泥の供給とケーキの排出手段が、外筒上部の蓋体に原液供給管と、ろ過室の底部に湾曲状の排出管を連結し、排出管にケーキ排出弁を配設したもので、垂直姿勢のろ過室の重力による押込み作用で固液分離が促進され、濃縮汚泥が逆流したり、ケーキがスクリュー羽根面をスリップしたりすることがない。そして、ケーキは曲管状の排出管で湾曲移動しながらせん断作用が加えられ、ケーキ排出弁による背圧がかかるので、ろ過面との摩擦抵抗による圧密作用を受けて脱水され、ケーキ含水率のバラツキを均一化することができる。固形分が無機質であっても、スクリュー羽根の摩耗も減少する。また、ろ液の排出手段が、スクリュー羽根のろ液室を内筒に連通させ、内筒の下端にろ液排水管を配設したもので、排水路の構造が簡単となり、回転するスクリュー羽根の邪魔となることもない。また、外筒ろ過面の目詰まりを防止するために、スクリュー羽根の先端にスクレーパを止着して、外筒の金属ろ材に摺設自在としたもので、外筒のろ材面に捕捉したケーキを掻き取って、ろ過面を再生することができる。 The sludge supply and cake discharge means are made by connecting a stock solution supply pipe to the lid at the top of the outer cylinder, a curved discharge pipe at the bottom of the filtration chamber, and a cake discharge valve in the discharge pipe. Solid-liquid separation is promoted by the pushing action by gravity of the filtration chamber in the posture, and the concentrated sludge does not flow backward and the cake does not slip on the screw blade surface. Then, the cake is subjected to a shearing action while being bent and moved by the curved discharge pipe, and back pressure is applied by the cake discharge valve. Therefore, the cake is dehydrated by the compaction action due to the frictional resistance with the filtration surface, and the cake moisture content varies. Can be made uniform. Even if the solid content is inorganic, the wear of the screw blades is also reduced. Further, the filtrate discharging means is such that the filtrate chamber of the screw blade communicates with the inner cylinder, and the filtrate drain pipe is disposed at the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the structure of the drainage channel is simplified and the rotating screw blade It won't get in the way. In addition, in order to prevent clogging of the outer cylinder filtration surface, a scraper is fastened to the tip of the screw blade so that it can be slid on the metal filter medium of the outer cylinder, and the cake captured on the filter medium surface of the outer cylinder Can be scraped off to regenerate the filtration surface.

原液の供給手段が、ろ過室の汚泥水位を検知するレベルスイッチを配設し、レベルスイッチの汚泥水位の検知信号を原液供給管に配設した原液供給ポンプに連動連結して、ろ過室の汚泥水位に応じて原液供給ポンプを駆動または停止させるもので、自動運転が可能となり、ろ過室の水位が一定に保たれて、押込み作用が発生するものである。そして、外筒のろ過面が目詰まりした時には、外筒の上方に、内筒の軸心に沿って垂下した洗浄水管に洗浄管を枢着し、洗浄管に配設した洗浄ノズルを外筒の外周面に沿って回動自在に配設したもので、洗浄水管を回動すれば、金属ろ材の目詰まり物を洗い流し、ろ過面が再生できる。固形化したケーキがスクリュー羽根と供回りしようとしても、ケーキを軟化させて供回りが防止できる。   The supply means of the stock solution is equipped with a level switch that detects the sludge water level in the filtration chamber, and the sludge water level detection signal of the level switch is linked to the stock solution supply pump installed in the stock solution supply pipe, so that the sludge in the filtration chamber The stock solution supply pump is driven or stopped in accordance with the water level, and automatic operation is possible, the water level in the filtration chamber is kept constant, and a pushing action occurs. When the filtration surface of the outer cylinder is clogged, the cleaning pipe is pivotally attached to the cleaning water pipe suspended along the axis of the inner cylinder above the outer cylinder, and the cleaning nozzle disposed in the cleaning pipe is attached to the outer cylinder. If the washing water pipe is rotated, the clogged material of the metal filter medium is washed away, and the filtration surface can be regenerated. Even if the cake that has been solidified tries to be rotated with the screw blades, the cake can be softened to prevent the rotation.

上記縦型スクリュープレスの運転方法が、スクリュー羽根の回転数を０．０１７ｒｐｍ以下の超低速で連続回転あるいは間歇回転させて、汚泥が自重で脱水される速度をやや上回る速度で脱水を進行させ、ろ液分離によるろ過室の水位の変動を検知して、原液供給ポンプを間歇駆動して、ろ過室の汚泥水位を一定に保つ方法であり、設備が著しく省スペースとなり、動力も少なくてすむものである。   The operation method of the vertical screw press is such that the rotational speed of the screw blades is continuously rotated or intermittently rotated at an ultra-low speed of 0.017 rpm or less, and dewatering proceeds at a speed slightly exceeding the speed at which sludge is dewatered by its own weight, This is a method to detect fluctuations in the filtration chamber water level due to filtrate separation, and to drive the stock solution supply pump intermittently to maintain a constant sludge water level in the filtration chamber. The equipment is remarkably space-saving and requires less power. .

この発明に係る縦型スクリュープレスは上記のように構成してあり、金属ろ材を張設した外筒を漏斗状に構成し、スクリュー羽根の表裏面をろ過面とするので、ろ過室上部の濃縮ゾーンでのろ過面積が広くなり、水負荷が大きい濃度の低い原液でも大量処理が可能となる。漏斗状とした外筒にスクリュー羽根のピッチを下方に向かって漸減させるので、濃縮ゾーンでろ液を大量に分離した濃縮汚泥が容積を順次縮小させるので、過度に圧密されてケーキの排出が困難となることもない。そして、垂直姿勢のろ過室の重力による押込み作用で固液分離が促進される。ろ過室の下方に移送された濃縮汚泥は、上方の汚泥の重力とスクリュー羽根の搬送力による圧搾と、湾曲状の排出管からの背圧により低含水率の脱水ケーキとすることができる。   The vertical screw press according to the present invention is configured as described above, and the outer cylinder on which the metal filter material is stretched is formed in a funnel shape, and the front and back surfaces of the screw blades are used as the filtration surface. The filtration area in the zone is widened, and a large amount of processing can be performed even with a low concentration stock solution having a large water load. Since the pitch of the screw blades is gradually reduced downward in the funnel-shaped outer cylinder, the concentrated sludge that separated a large amount of filtrate in the concentration zone reduces the volume sequentially, so it is difficult to discharge the cake due to overconsolidation It will never be. And solid-liquid separation is accelerated | stimulated by the pushing action by the gravity of the filtration chamber of a vertical attitude | position. The concentrated sludge transferred to the lower side of the filtration chamber can be made into a dehydrated cake having a low water content by pressing the upper sludge due to gravity and the conveying force of the screw blades and back pressure from the curved discharge pipe.

水分を分離したケーキが、外筒のウエッジワイヤーのスリットに沿って排出されるので、ろ材抵抗がなく、スリットへの押込みが防止される。そして、スクリュー羽根に張設するパンチングメタルを排出側の開口を小さくしたので、内圧が高くなるろ過室でのケーキの目抜けが防止できる。そして、外筒のろ過性が悪くなった時には、連続運転を行ないながら、適宜、洗浄管を回動させて洗浄水を噴射すれば、外筒の金属ろ材の目詰まり物を洗い流してろ過面が再生できる。固形化したケーキがスリップしてスクリューと供回りしようとしても、金属ろ材の付着面の脱水ケーキが湿潤され、ケーキを軟化させて供回りを防止して、ケーキの排出が容易となる。なお、スクリュープレスを縦型としたので、設置面積も小さくなる。   Since the cake from which moisture has been separated is discharged along the slits of the wedge wire of the outer cylinder, there is no filter medium resistance, and pushing into the slits is prevented. And since the opening on the discharge side of the punching metal stretched on the screw blades is made small, it is possible to prevent the cake from passing through the filtration chamber where the internal pressure becomes high. And when the filterability of the outer cylinder is deteriorated, while performing continuous operation, if the washing tube is rotated appropriately and the cleaning water is sprayed, the clogged material of the metal filter medium of the outer cylinder is washed away and the filtration surface becomes Can play. Even if the solidified cake slips and tries to be carried around with the screw, the dehydrated cake on the adhesion surface of the metal filter medium is moistened, and the cake is softened to prevent the feeding and the cake can be easily discharged. Since the screw press is a vertical type, the installation area is also reduced.

上記縦型スクリュープレスの運転方法が、自重で脱水される速度をやや上回る速度で連続回転あるいは間歇回転させ、ろ過室水位を一定に保つので、垂直姿勢のろ過室の重力による押込み作用で固液分離が促進され、濃縮汚泥が逆流したり、ケーキがスクリュー羽根面をスリップしたりすることがないものである。   The operation method of the above vertical screw press continuously or intermittently rotates at a speed slightly higher than the dewatering speed by its own weight, and keeps the filtration chamber water level constant. Separation is promoted, and the concentrated sludge does not flow backward, and the cake does not slip on the screw blade surface.

この発明は上記のように構成してあり、先ず、ろ過室に連結した排出管のケーキ排出弁を閉じ、原液供給ポンプを始動して原液供給管からろ過室上部に汚泥を供給する。ろ過室の汚泥水位がレベルスイッチの上限レベルに到達した時に、その検知信号により原液供給ポンプを停止する。ろ過室上部に供給された汚泥は、外筒とスクリュー羽根の両面ろ過によりろ液を分離して、水負荷が大きい濃度の低い汚泥でも大量処理が行なえる。ろ過室の汚泥水位がレベルスイッチの下限レベルに低下した時に、その検知信号により原液供給ポンプを駆動して、汚泥水位を上限レベルに到達させる。この操作を繰り返しながら、ろ過室水位を一定に維持させる。同時に、スクリュー羽根を回転数を０．０１７ｒｐｍ以下の超低速で連続回転あるいは間歇回転させ、汚泥が自重で脱水される速度をやや上回る速度で脱水が進行するように回転させる。   The present invention is configured as described above. First, the cake discharge valve of the discharge pipe connected to the filtration chamber is closed, the raw liquid supply pump is started, and the sludge is supplied from the raw liquid supply pipe to the upper portion of the filtration chamber. When the sludge water level in the filtration chamber reaches the upper limit level of the level switch, the stock solution supply pump is stopped by the detection signal. The sludge supplied to the upper part of the filtration chamber separates the filtrate by double-sided filtration of the outer cylinder and screw blades, and can be processed in large quantities even with low concentration sludge with a large water load. When the sludge water level in the filtration chamber is lowered to the lower limit level of the level switch, the stock solution supply pump is driven by the detection signal to reach the upper limit level. The filtration chamber water level is kept constant while repeating this operation. At the same time, the screw blades are continuously rotated or intermittently rotated at an ultra-low speed of 0.017 rpm or less so that the dewatering proceeds at a speed slightly higher than the speed at which sludge is dewatered by its own weight.

ろ過室に供給された汚泥は、ろ液を外筒外部に排出し、同時にろ液をスクリュー羽根の羽根面からろ液室に流入させて、内筒の下端から排出する。汚泥は濃縮されながらろ過室の下方に移動し、垂直姿勢のろ過室の重力による押込み作用で固液分離が促進される。そして、スクリュー羽根に止着したスクレーパで外筒のウエッジワイヤーのろ過面を摺設させ、目詰まりせんとする固形物を掻き取ってろ過面を再生する。ろ過室の下方に流下する濃縮汚泥は、垂直姿勢のろ過室上部からの重力による背圧と、外筒のろ過面との摩擦抵抗による圧密作用を受けながら脱水され、半流動状のケーキとなる。この減量された半流動状のケーキは、さらに圧縮脱水され、湾曲状の排出管の内部を湾曲移動してケーキにせん断作用が与えられ、ケーキ中の水分を均一化させる。排出管に脱水ケーキが充満してきた時に、排出管のケーキ排出弁を開放すれば、連続してケーキが押し出され、脱水性能を低下せずに、連続運転が可能となる。   The sludge supplied to the filtration chamber discharges the filtrate to the outside of the outer cylinder. At the same time, the filtrate flows into the filtrate chamber from the blade surface of the screw blade and is discharged from the lower end of the inner cylinder. The sludge moves down the filtration chamber while being concentrated, and solid-liquid separation is promoted by the pushing action of gravity in the vertical filtration chamber. Then, the filtration surface of the wedge wire of the outer cylinder is slid with a scraper fixed to the screw blade, and the filtration surface is regenerated by scraping off the solid matter that is clogged. The concentrated sludge flowing down the filtration chamber is dehydrated while receiving back pressure due to gravity from the vertical filtration chamber upper part and the frictional resistance between the filtration surface of the outer cylinder and a semi-fluid cake. . This reduced semi-fluid cake is further compressed and dehydrated, curved and moved inside the curved discharge pipe, and a shearing action is given to the cake to make moisture in the cake uniform. When the dewatering cake is filled in the discharge pipe, if the cake discharge valve of the discharge pipe is opened, the cake is continuously pushed out and continuous operation is possible without deteriorating the dewatering performance.

外筒のウエッジワイヤーのろ過性が悪くなった時には、原液圧入を停止させ、あるいは脱水運転を行いながら、洗浄管を回動させ、洗浄ノズルから外筒のろ過面に洗浄水を噴射すれば、ウエッジワイヤーの目詰まり物を洗い流してろ過面を再生してろ液の排出が回復される。金属ろ材の付着面の脱水ケーキが湿潤され、ケーキを軟化させて供回りを防止して、ケーキの排出が容易となる。   When the filterability of the wedge wire of the outer cylinder deteriorates, if the washing tube is rotated while stopping the stock solution injection or dehydrating operation, and washing water is sprayed from the washing nozzle to the filtration surface of the outer cylinder, The clogging of the wedge wire is washed away, the filtration surface is regenerated, and the filtrate discharge is restored. The dehydrated cake on the adhesion surface of the metal filter medium is moistened, and the cake is softened to prevent rotation and facilitate the discharge of the cake.

この発明の実施例を図面に基づき詳述すると、図１はこの発明に係る縦型スクリュープレスの縦断面図であって、立設した漏斗状の外筒１の内部にスクリュー羽根２を巻き掛けた内筒３が配設してあり、外筒１と内筒３の間にろ過室４を形成してある。この発明の実施例では、図２に示すように、外筒１は上端部の直径Ｄ１が下端部の直径Ｄ２の２〜３倍とし、高さＬを下端部の直径Ｄ２の２〜３倍としてある。外筒１は上端部の直径Ｄ１とその高さＬを実質的に等しくして漏斗状としてある。内筒３に巻き掛けたスクリュー羽根２の先端を外筒１に近接させて、スクリュー羽根２のピッチを下方に向かって漸減させてある。濃縮ゾーンでのスクリュー羽根２の表裏ろ過面が大きくなり、外筒１とスクリュー羽根２の両面ろ過が行なわれ、水負荷が大きい汚泥でも、ろ過面が目詰まりすることもなく汚泥からろ液が分離できる。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vertical screw press according to the present invention, in which a screw blade 2 is wound around an upright funnel-shaped outer cylinder 1. An inner cylinder 3 is disposed, and a filtration chamber 4 is formed between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 3. In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer cylinder 1 has an upper end diameter D1 that is two to three times the lower end diameter D2, and a height L that is two to three times the lower end diameter D2. It is as. The outer cylinder 1 has a funnel shape in which the diameter D1 of the upper end and the height L thereof are substantially equal. The tip of the screw blade 2 wound around the inner tube 3 is brought close to the outer tube 1, and the pitch of the screw blade 2 is gradually decreased downward. The front and back filtration surfaces of the screw blades 2 in the concentration zone are enlarged, and both sides of the outer cylinder 1 and the screw blades 2 are filtered. Even sludge with a large water load can be filtered from sludge without clogging the filtration surface. Can be separated.

外筒１の上部に蓋体５が嵌着してあり、内筒３の上下部が蓋体５に設けた上部軸受６と基板７に設けた下部軸受８に軸支され、外筒１の蓋体５に配設したスクリュー駆動機９が内筒３の上端に設けた内筒スプロケット１０に連動連結してある。回転数は０．０１７ｒｐｍ以下としてあり、自重で脱水される速度をやや上回る速度で脱水が進行するようにスクリュー羽根２を１時間に１回以下の超低速回転としてある。図３は外筒とスクリュー羽根を巻き掛けた内筒の配置状態を示す拡大図であって、外筒１にウエッジワイヤー１１が張設してあり、そのスリット１１ａを汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って配設し、スリット１１ａをろ過室４に向って縮小開口してある。ろ過室４の濃縮汚泥やケーキの摩擦抵抗を少なくして、スリット１１ａ面に案内されて排出方向に移動できるようにしてある。水分を分離したケーキが、ウエッジワイヤー１１のスリット１１ａに沿って排出され、ろ材抵抗が少なくなり、スリット１１ａへの押込みも防止される。   A lid 5 is fitted on the outer cylinder 1, and the upper and lower parts of the inner cylinder 3 are pivotally supported by an upper bearing 6 provided on the lid 5 and a lower bearing 8 provided on the substrate 7. A screw driver 9 disposed on the lid 5 is linked to an inner cylinder sprocket 10 provided at the upper end of the inner cylinder 3. The number of rotations is 0.017 rpm or less, and the screw blades 2 are rotated at an extremely low speed of once or less per hour so that the dehydration proceeds at a speed slightly higher than the speed of dehydration by its own weight. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing an arrangement state of the inner cylinder around which the outer cylinder and the screw blades are wound. A wedge wire 11 is stretched on the outer cylinder 1 and the slit 11a extends from the sludge supply side to the dewatering side. The slit 11 a is reduced and opened toward the filtration chamber 4. The frictional resistance of the concentrated sludge and cake in the filtration chamber 4 is reduced so that it can be guided in the slit 11a surface and moved in the discharge direction. The cake from which the moisture has been separated is discharged along the slit 11a of the wedge wire 11, the filter medium resistance is reduced, and the pushing into the slit 11a is prevented.

内筒３に巻きかけたスクリュー羽根２は、内筒３に止着した山形状の支持材１２にパンチングメタル１３が張設してあり、スクリュー羽根２の表裏面をろ過面として、その内部にろ液室１４を形成してある。スクリュー羽根２の表裏面のパンチングメタル１３で分離したろ液は、ろ液室１４から内筒３に排出させる。スクリュー羽根２に張設したパンチングメタル１３は、供給側から脱水側に向って開口を小さくしてあり、ろ過室４の圧力が高まる排出側のケーキがろ液室１４内部に漏れ出さないようにしてある。拡大した漏斗状の外筒１のウエッジワイヤー１１とスクリュー羽根２のパンチングメタル１３の両面から固液分離を行なうので、ろ過面積が大きくなり、水負荷が大きい薄い濃度の汚泥でも、濃縮ゾーンでの大容量処理が可能となる。スクリュー羽根２の先端にスクレーパ１５が止着してあり、スクレーパ１５を外筒１のウエッジワイヤー１１の内周面を摺設させるようにしてある。捕捉したケーキを掻き取りウエッジワイヤー１１のろ材面を再生させるようにしてある。   The screw blade 2 wound around the inner cylinder 3 has a punching metal 13 stretched on a mountain-shaped support material 12 fixed to the inner cylinder 3, and the front and back surfaces of the screw blade 2 are used as filtration surfaces. A filtrate chamber 14 is formed. The filtrate separated by the punching metal 13 on the front and back surfaces of the screw blade 2 is discharged from the filtrate chamber 14 to the inner cylinder 3. The punching metal 13 stretched around the screw blade 2 has a small opening from the supply side to the dehydration side so that the cake on the discharge side where the pressure in the filtration chamber 4 increases does not leak into the filtrate chamber 14. It is. Solid-liquid separation is performed from both sides of the expanded funnel-shaped wedge 1 of the outer cylinder 1 and the punching metal 13 of the screw blade 2, so that even a sludge with a thin water concentration, which has a large filtration area and a large water load, in the concentration zone. Large capacity processing is possible. A scraper 15 is fixed to the tip of the screw blade 2, and the scraper 15 is slidably provided on the inner peripheral surface of the wedge wire 11 of the outer cylinder 1. The trapped cake is scraped off to regenerate the filter medium surface of the wedge wire 11.

図１に示すように、外筒１の蓋体５に原液供給管１６とレベルスイッチ１７が接続してあり、レベルスイッチ１７でろ過室４の汚泥水位の上限値と下限値を検知して、原液供給管１６に配設した原液供給ポンプ１８の運転・停止を切り替える。原液供給ポンプ１８を間歇駆動して、ろ過室４の水位を一定に保つようにしてある。ろ過室４の下方に流下する濃縮汚泥は、垂直姿勢のろ過室４上部からの重力による背圧と、外筒１及びスクリュー羽根２のろ過面との摩擦抵抗による圧密作用を受けながら脱水され、半流動状のケーキとなる。内筒３の下端にろ液排水管１９が止着してあり、その開口端が基板７の上に配設した受皿に開口してある。このろ液排水管１９から内筒３とともに回転しながらろ液を受皿２０に排出し、その周部の排水トラフ２１に排水させる。外筒１のウエッジワイヤー１１から分離したろ液は、受皿２０に落下させて排水トラフ２１に排水する。これらのろ液は、排水トラフ２１に連結した排水口２２から機外に排出する。   As shown in FIG. 1, a stock solution supply pipe 16 and a level switch 17 are connected to the lid 5 of the outer cylinder 1, and the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the sludge water level in the filtration chamber 4 are detected by the level switch 17. The operation / stop of the stock solution supply pump 18 disposed in the stock solution supply pipe 16 is switched. The stock solution supply pump 18 is driven intermittently to keep the water level in the filtration chamber 4 constant. The concentrated sludge that flows down below the filtration chamber 4 is dehydrated while receiving back pressure due to gravity from the upper portion of the filtration chamber 4 in a vertical posture and a compaction action due to frictional resistance between the filtration surfaces of the outer cylinder 1 and the screw blade 2, It becomes a semi-fluid cake. A filtrate drain pipe 19 is fixed to the lower end of the inner cylinder 3, and an opening end of the filtrate drain pipe 19 is opened in a tray disposed on the substrate 7. The filtrate is discharged from the filtrate drain pipe 19 together with the inner cylinder 3 to the tray 20 and drained to the drain trough 21 around the periphery. The filtrate separated from the wedge wire 11 of the outer cylinder 1 is dropped on the tray 20 and drained to the drain trough 21. These filtrates are discharged out of the machine from a drain port 22 connected to a drain trough 21.

外筒１の下端部に縮小させた湾曲状の排出管２３が連結してあり、排出管２３がケーキ排出弁２４を介してケーキ排出管２５が連結してあり、基板７の端部に垂設した飛散防止板２６に抱持されている。ろ過室４の下方に流下する濃縮汚泥は、垂直姿勢のろ過室４の重力による押込み作用で固液分離が促進され、外筒１のろ過面との摩擦抵抗による圧密作用を受けながら脱水され、半流動状のケーキとなる。この減量された半流動状のケーキは、さらに圧縮脱水され、湾曲状の排出管２３の縮小通路を湾曲移動してケーキにせん断作用が与えられ、ケーキ中の水分を均一化させる。この排出管２３に脱水ケーキが充満してきた時に、排出管２３のケーキ排出弁２４を開放すれば、連続してケーキがケーキ排出管２５から押し出され、脱水性能を低下せずに、連続運転が行なえる。   A reduced curved discharge pipe 23 is connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder 1, and the discharge pipe 23 is connected to a cake discharge pipe 25 via a cake discharge valve 24, and is suspended from the end of the substrate 7. It is held by the provided scattering prevention plate 26. The concentrated sludge flowing down the filtration chamber 4 is accelerated by solid-liquid separation by the gravity pushing action of the vertical filtration chamber 4, and dehydrated while receiving the compaction action due to the frictional resistance with the filtration surface of the outer cylinder 1, It becomes a semi-fluid cake. This reduced semi-fluid cake is further compressed and dehydrated, bent and moved along the reduced passage of the curved discharge pipe 23, and a shearing action is given to the cake to make the moisture in the cake uniform. If the cake discharge valve 24 of the discharge pipe 23 is opened when the dewatering cake is filled in the discharge pipe 23, the cake is continuously pushed out from the cake discharge pipe 25, and the continuous operation can be performed without deteriorating the dewatering performance. Yes.

外筒１の上方に飛散防止板２６に支架された上部カバー２７が被覆してあり、洗浄水管２９が上部カバー２７に設けた軸受２８に軸支され、内筒３の軸心に沿って垂下してある。洗浄水管２９の下端に嵌着したスプロケット３０が上部カバー２７から垂下した洗浄駆動機３１に連動連結してある。洗浄水管２９に水平方向から下方に屈曲させた洗浄管３２が連結してあり、洗浄管３２に配設した洗浄ノズル３３が外筒１の周部ろ過面に沿って配設してある。図４は洗浄管の回動駆動装置の平面図であって、飛散防止板２６の上部に洗浄管３２の屈曲部に対設してリミットスイッチなどの検知装置３４、３４が配設してあり、洗浄ノズル３３を外筒１の周面に沿って略３６０度往復動させるようにしてある。   An upper cover 27 supported on the scattering prevention plate 26 is covered above the outer cylinder 1, and a cleaning water pipe 29 is pivotally supported by a bearing 28 provided on the upper cover 27, and is suspended along the axis of the inner cylinder 3. It is. A sprocket 30 fitted to the lower end of the cleaning water pipe 29 is linked to a cleaning drive machine 31 hanging from the upper cover 27. A cleaning tube 32 bent downward from the horizontal direction is connected to the cleaning water tube 29, and a cleaning nozzle 33 disposed in the cleaning tube 32 is disposed along the peripheral filtration surface of the outer cylinder 1. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the cleaning tube rotation drive device, in which detection devices 34 and 34 such as limit switches are arranged on the upper portion of the anti-scattering plate 26 so as to face the bent portion of the cleaning tube 32. The cleaning nozzle 33 is reciprocated approximately 360 degrees along the peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1.

外筒１に張設したウエッジワイヤー１１のスリット１１ａが目詰まりしてろ過性が悪くなった時には、洗浄駆動機３１で洗浄水管２９を回転させ、洗浄管３２の洗浄ノズル３３から加圧水を噴射すれば、ウエッジワイヤー１１のろ過面の再生が行なえる。そして、脱水ゾーンにケーキが圧密されてろ液が懸濁してきた時には、外筒１の周部から洗浄水を僅かに噴射すれば、外筒１のウエッジワイヤー１１に付着する圧搾脱水ゾーンのケーキの接触面が湿潤される。微速度で回転するスクリュー羽根２の羽根面の押圧力により脱水ケーキがウエッジワイヤー１１から剥離され、ケーキの移送が容易となり、外筒１下端の排出管２３からケーキの排出が行なえる。   When the slit 11a of the wedge wire 11 stretched on the outer cylinder 1 is clogged and the filterability is deteriorated, the cleaning water pipe 29 is rotated by the cleaning drive 31 and pressurized water is jetted from the cleaning nozzle 33 of the cleaning pipe 32. In this case, the filtration surface of the wedge wire 11 can be regenerated. When the cake has been consolidated in the dewatering zone and the filtrate has been suspended, if the washing water is slightly sprayed from the periphery of the outer tube 1, the cake of the pressed dewatering zone that adheres to the wedge wire 11 of the outer tube 1 can be obtained. The contact surface is wetted. The dehydrated cake is peeled from the wedge wire 11 by the pressing force of the blade surface of the screw blade 2 rotating at a slow speed, the cake can be easily transferred, and the cake can be discharged from the discharge pipe 23 at the lower end of the outer cylinder 1.

この発明は、無機質を多く含む汚泥を、脱水性能を低下せずに大容量処理を必要とする上水汚泥や化学工場の脱水に適したスクリュープレスとなる。しかも、小規模上水場向けにも利用できるスクリュープレスとなる。そして、圧縮性の有機物を多く含む下水汚泥や食品の固液混合物などの濃縮装置としても利用可能である。   The present invention provides a screw press suitable for dewatering water sludge and chemical factories that require large-capacity treatment without reducing the dewatering performance of sludge containing a large amount of inorganic matter. In addition, the screw press can be used for small-scale waterworks. And it can utilize also as concentration apparatuses, such as a sewage sludge containing many compressible organic substances, and a solid-liquid mixture of foodstuffs.

この発明に係る縦型スクリュープレスの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vertical screw press which concerns on this invention. 同じく、スクリュー羽根を配設した外筒の拡大図である。Similarly, it is an enlarged view of an outer cylinder provided with screw blades. 同じく、外筒とスクリュー羽根を巻き掛けた内筒の配置状態を示す拡大図で ある。Similarly, it is an enlarged view showing an arrangement state of an inner cylinder around which an outer cylinder and a screw blade are wound. 同じく、洗浄管の回動駆動装置の平面図である。Similarly, it is a top view of the rotation drive device of a washing pipe.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 外筒
２ スクリュー羽根
３ 内筒
４ ろ過室
５ 蓋体
１１ ウエッジワイヤー
１１ａ スリット
１３ パンチングメタル
１４ ろ液室
１５ スクレーパ
１６ 原液供給管
１７ レベルスイッチ
１８ 原液供給ポンプ
１９ ろ液排水管
２３ 排出管
２４ ケーキ排出弁
２９ 洗浄水管
３２ 洗浄管
３３ 洗浄ノズル
Ｄ１ 上端部の直径
Ｄ２ 下端部の直径
Ｌ 高さ


DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer cylinder 2 Screw blade 3 Inner cylinder 4 Filtration chamber 5 Lid 11 Wedge wire 11a Slit 13 Punching metal 14 Filtrate chamber 15 Scraper 16 Stock solution supply pipe 17 Level switch 18 Stock solution supply pump 19 Filtrate drain pipe 23 Discharge pipe 24 Cake Drain valve 29 Washing water pipe 32 Washing pipe 33 Washing nozzle D1 Upper end diameter D2 Lower end diameter L Height


Claims (8)

金属ろ材を張設した外筒（１）に、金属ろ材を張設して内部にろ液室（１４）を形成したスクリュー羽根（２）を巻き掛けた内筒（３）を回転自在に配設し、外筒（１）と内筒（３）の間のろ過室（４）に汚泥を供給して、ろ液を分離しながら汚泥を濃縮し、脱水されたケーキをろ過室（４）の他方から取出すスクリュープレスにおいて、漏斗状に構成した外筒（１）を立設し、外筒（１）に張設する金属ろ材をウエッジワイヤー（１１）で構成して、ウエッジワイヤー（１１）のスリット（１１ａ）を汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って配設し、スリット（１１ａ）をろ過室（４）に向って縮小開口させると共に、内筒（３）に巻きかけたスクリュー羽根（２）の先端を外筒（１）に近接させ、スクリュー羽根（２）のピッチを下方に向かって漸減させ、スクリュー羽根（２）の羽根面に張設した金属ろ材をパンチングメタル（１３）で構成し、パンチングメタル（１３）の開口を汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って小さくしたことを特徴とする縦型スクリュープレス。 The outer tube was stretched metal filter medium (1), cylinder (3) among which wound a screw vane (2) formed filtrate chamber (14) therein stretched metal filter material rotatably the The sludge is disposed in the filtration chamber (4) between the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (3), and the sludge is concentrated while separating the filtrate. In the screw press taken out from the other side, the outer cylinder (1) configured in a funnel shape is erected, and the metal filter medium stretched on the outer cylinder (1) is configured by the wedge wire (11). ) Slits (11a) from the sludge supply side toward the dewatering side, the slits (11a) are reduced in size toward the filtration chamber (4), and screw blades wound around the inner cylinder (3) The tip of (2) is brought close to the outer cylinder (1), and the pitch of the screw blades (2) is directed downward. Is gradually decreased, the metal filter material which is stretched over the blade surface of the screw blade (2) constituted by punched metal (13), that it has smaller toward the dewatering side opening of punched metal (13) from the supply side of the sludge A featured vertical screw press. 上記漏斗状の外筒（１）は、上端部の直径（Ｄ１）と高さ（Ｌ）が下端部の直径（Ｄ２）の２〜３倍としてあることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の縦型スクリュープレス。 The said funnel-shaped outer cylinder (1) has the diameter (D1) and height (L) of an upper end part as 2 to 3 times the diameter (D2) of a lower end part, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Vertical screw press. 上記外筒（１）上部の蓋体（５）に原液供給管（１６）と、ろ過室（４）の底部に湾曲状の排出管（２３）を連結し、排出管（２３）にケーキ排出弁（２４）を配設したことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の縦型スクリュープレス。 Connect the stock solution supply pipe (16) to the lid (5) at the top of the outer cylinder (1) and the curved discharge pipe (23) to the bottom of the filtration chamber (4), and discharge the cake to the discharge pipe (23). The vertical screw press according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a valve (24). 上記スクリュー羽根（２）のろ液室（１４）を内筒（３）に連通させ、内筒（３）の下端にろ液排水管（１９）を連結したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか１項に記載の縦型スクリュープレス。 The filtrate chamber (14) of the screw blade (2) communicates with the inner cylinder (3), and a filtrate drain pipe (19) is connected to the lower end of the inner cylinder (3). 4. The vertical screw press according to any one of 3 above. 上記スクリュー羽根（２）の先端にスクレーパ（１５）を止着して、外筒（１）の金属ろ材（１１）に摺設自在としたことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４の何れか１項に記載の縦型スクリュープレス。 The scraper (15) is fastened to the tip of the screw blade (2) so as to be slidable on the metal filter medium (11) of the outer cylinder (1). The vertical screw press according to item. 上記ろ過室（４）の汚泥水位を検知するレベルスイッチ（１７）を配設し、レベルスイッチ（１７）を原液供給管（１６）に配設した原液供給ポンプ（１８）に連動連結して、水位に応じて原液の供給、停止を行なうことを特徴とする請求項１乃至５の何れか１項に記載の縦型スクリュープレス。 A level switch (17) for detecting the sludge water level in the filtration chamber (4) is disposed, and the level switch (17) is linked to a stock solution supply pump (18) disposed in the stock solution supply pipe (16), supply of stock in accordance with the water level, a vertical screw press according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a stop. 上記外筒（１）の上方に、内筒（３）の軸心に沿って垂下した洗浄水管（２９）に洗浄管（３２）を枢着し、洗浄管（３２）に配設した洗浄ノズル（３３）を外筒（１）の外周面に沿って回動自在に配設したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至６の何れか１項に記載の縦型スクリュープレス。 A washing nozzle (32) pivotally attached to a washing water pipe (29) suspended along the axial center of the inner cylinder (3) above the outer cylinder (1) and disposed in the washing pipe (32) The vertical screw press according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein (33) is rotatably arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder (1). 立設した漏斗状の外筒（１）にウエッジワイヤー（１１）を張設して、ウエッジワイヤー（１１）のスリット（１１ａ）を汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って配設し、スリット（１１ａ）をろ過室（４）に向って縮小開口させ、前記外筒（１）の内部にパンチングメタル（１３）を張設したスクリュー羽根（２）を巻き掛けた内筒（３）を回転自在に配設し、スクリュー羽根（２）のピッチを下方に向かって漸減させ、パンチングメタル（１３）の開口を汚泥の供給側から脱水側に向って小さくさせると共に、前記ろ過室（４）の上部に原液供給管（１６）とレベルスイッチ（１７）を配設し、レベルスイッチ（１７）を原液供給ポンプ（１８）に連動連結した縦型スクリュープレスにおいて、スクリュー羽根（２）の回転数を０．０１７ｒｐｍ以下の超低速で連続回転あるいは間歇回転させて、汚泥が自重で脱水される速度をやや上回る速度で脱水を進行させ、ろ液分離によるろ過室（４）の水位の変動を検知して、原液供給ポンプ（１８）を間歇駆動して、ろ過室（４）の汚泥水位を一定に保つことを特徴とする縦型スクリュープレスの運転方法。 The wedge wire (11) is stretched on the standing funnel-shaped outer cylinder (1), and the slit (11a) of the wedge wire (11) is arranged from the sludge supply side to the dewatering side. 11a) is reduced and opened toward the filtration chamber (4), and the inner cylinder (3) around which the screw blade (2) with the punching metal (13) stretched is wound inside the outer cylinder (1) is freely rotatable. disposed on, the pitch of the screw blade (2) is gradually decreased downward, the upper portion of the opening of the punching metal (13) causes smaller toward the supply side of the sludge dewatering side, the filtration chamber (4) In the vertical screw press in which the stock solution supply pipe (16) and the level switch (17) are arranged and the level switch (17) is linked to the stock solution supply pump (18), the rotational speed of the screw blade (2) is set to 0. .017rp Continuous rotation or intermittent rotation at the following ultra-low speed allows dehydration to proceed slightly faster than the rate at which sludge is dewatered by its own weight, and detects fluctuations in the water level in the filtration chamber (4) due to filtrate separation. A method of operating a vertical screw press, characterized in that the supply pump (18) is intermittently driven to maintain a constant sludge water level in the filtration chamber (4).
JP2003349145A 2003-10-08 2003-10-08 Vertical screw press and its operating method Expired - Fee Related JP4072685B2 (en)

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JP5374686B2 (en) * 2011-07-17 2013-12-25 株式会社テクノプラン Filtration type dehydrator
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