JP4056760B2 - Endoscope suction switching mechanism - Google Patents

Endoscope suction switching mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4056760B2
JP4056760B2 JP2002045905A JP2002045905A JP4056760B2 JP 4056760 B2 JP4056760 B2 JP 4056760B2 JP 2002045905 A JP2002045905 A JP 2002045905A JP 2002045905 A JP2002045905 A JP 2002045905A JP 4056760 B2 JP4056760 B2 JP 4056760B2
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suction
treatment instrument
instrument insertion
channel
communication
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JP2002045905A
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JP2003245247A (en
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隆之 荻野
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ペンタックス株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【技術分野】
本発明は、内視鏡の吸引切替機構に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術及びその問題点】
医療用内視鏡で吸引を行う際に、誤って吸引対象でない体内組織を吸引してしまい、陰圧が粘膜に直接に作用することがある。このとき吸引力が大きいと粘膜部分が出血したり、いわゆる吸引ダコが生じるおそれがある。出血が起こると病変部の診断が難しくなり、また吸引ダコはポリープとの区別がつきにくいため、いずれの場合も検査に支障をきたす。
【0003】
特に、吸引チャンネルとしても使用可能な処置具挿通チャンネルを2つ備え、この2つのチャンネルの間に吸引源との連通状態を切り替える流路切替弁を備えたいわゆる2チャンネル式の内視鏡では、流路切替弁によりいずれか一方のチャンネルの吸引力を遮断したときに、他方のチャンネルに作用する吸引力が過大にならないようにすることが望まれている。
【0004】
【発明の目的】
本発明は、処置具挿通チャンネルによる過度吸引を防ぐことが可能な内視鏡の吸引切替機構を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【発明の概要】
本発明の内視鏡の吸引切替機構は、吸引源;一対の処置具挿通チャンネル;一対の処置具挿通チャンネルを周方向の異なる位置に連通させる円筒状の内周面を有し、かつ吸引源に連通する連通空間;この連通空間の円筒状内周面に摺接する円筒状外周面を有し、連通空間の内周面に沿う回動により、吸引源を一対の処置具挿通チャンネルの何れか一方に切替連通させる二つの片方連通状態と、吸引源を一対の処置具挿通チャンネルの双方に連通させる双方連通状態とに切替動作可能な流路切替弁;及び、この流路切替弁が二つの片方連通状態のそれぞれにあるとき、吸引源に連通している一方の処置具連通チャンネルとは別の他方の処置具挿通チャンネルを、該一方の処置具挿通チャンネルと吸引源との連通面積より小さい連通面積で吸引源に連通させる、流路切替弁の外周面の周方向の両端部に形成した一対の凹部よりなる吸引力調整流路;を備えたことを特徴としている。
【0006】
上記の片方連通状態において、吸引源に完全に連通している一方の処置具挿通チャンネルと吸引源との連通面積を100としたとき、他方の処置具挿通チャンネルにおける吸引源との連通面積は5〜10であることが望ましい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明を適用した内視鏡全体の外観を示している。この内視鏡は、内視鏡操作者が把持する把持操作部11、観察対象内に挿入される挿入部12、該挿入部12と把持操作部11を接続する連結部13、把持操作部11から延出されたユニバーサルチューブ14を有している。挿入部12は、先端部12a、湾曲操作可能な湾曲部12b、及び可撓性を有する可撓管部12cからなる。ユニバーサルチューブ14の端部は、図示しないプロセッサに対して着脱可能なコネクタ15となっている。
【0010】
図2に示すように、挿入部12内には2本の処置具挿通チャンネル20A、20Bが配設されており、各処置具挿通チャンネル20A、20Bの出口部が先端部12aに形成されている。一方、連結部13に設けた処置具挿入口突起21には、処置具挿通チャンネル20A、20Bの入口部が形成されている。処置具挿入口突起21内には処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと処置具挿通チャンネル20Bを連通させる連通空間22(図3参照)が形成されており、連通空間22には吸引チャンネル23が接続している。吸引チャンネル23の途中には吸引シリンダ24が設けられており、吸引チャンネル23はさらに、吸引シリンダ24からユニバーサルチューブ14内に延設されてコネクタ15に突設した吸引ニップル25(図2)に開口している。吸引ニップル25には吸引ポンプ(吸引源)27から延設されたチューブが着脱可能であり、吸引ポンプを作動させることによって吸引チャンネル23に陰圧をかけることができる。吸引シリンダ24には、把持操作部11の外面に突出する吸引ボタン26が進退可能に支持されており、吸引ボタン26を押圧しない状態では、吸引シリンダ24を挟んで位置するユニバーサルチューブ14側の吸引チャンネル23と連通空間22側の吸引チャンネル23は、該吸引ボタン26のピストンよって遮断され、連通空間22には陰圧が作用しない。この状態では、吸引ボタン26の頂部に形成した開口から外気が吸引される。一方、吸引ボタン26の頂部開口を塞ぎながら吸引ボタン26を押圧すると、この遮断が解除されて連通空間22側に陰圧が作用する。
【0011】
図3に示すように、処置具挿入口突起21内に設けたチャンネル接続部材30には、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと処置具挿通チャンネル20Bに連通する一対の中空管路(処置具挿通チャンネル)31A、31Bが形成されている。詳細には、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと処置具挿通チャンネル20Bの端部に固定した硬質の中継チューブ32A、32Bが、固定枠33を介してチャンネル接続部材30に接続され、該中継チューブ32A及び32Bと固定枠33に形成された流路が中空管路31Aと中空管路31Bに連通する。また、中空管路31Aと中空管路31Bの出口部にはそれぞれ、中空筒状の口金固定部材34A、34Bが固定されており、各口金固定部材34A、34Bに対して、ねじを介して筒状の口金突起35A、35Bが固着されている。口金突起35A、35Bが実質的に処置具挿通チャンネル20A、20Bの入口部を構成しており、それぞれの処置具挿通チャンネル20A、20Bには、処置具を挿入することができる。口金突起35A及び35Bとチャンネル接続部材30の間には、絶縁材料からなる口金固定部材34A、34Bとゴムカバー36が挟着されており、絶縁性を有するこれらの部材によって、金属材料からなるチャンネル接続部材30が処置具挿入口突起21の外面に露出することを防いでいる。また、口金突起35A、35Bには、鉗子栓39A、39B(図1)を着脱可能である。
【0012】
チャンネル接続部材30にはさらに、中空管路31Aと中空管路31Bの間に前述の連通空間22が形成されている。図3及び図5に示すように、連通空間22は円筒状の内周面を有しており、この内周面の周方向に位置を異ならせて開口する一対の径方向連通路41A、41Bが形成されている。径方向連通路41Aは中空管路31Aに、径方向連通路41Bは中空管路31Bに、それぞれ連通している。図5に示すように、連通空間22の底部はチャンネル接続部材30を貫通する開口となっており、この開口部に吸引チャンネル23が接続している。
【0013】
図4及び図5に示すように、チャンネル接続部材30において連通空間22の上方は内視鏡外面に向けて突出する円筒状突起として形成されており、処置具挿入口突起21にはこの円筒状突起を外方に突出させる円形開口が形成されている。該円形開口の縁部には環状のフランジ凸部37が形成され、該フランジ凸部37の外縁部の一部を切除して回転規制凹部38が形成されている。
【0014】
処置具挿入口突起21から突出するチャンネル接続部材30の円筒状突起の内側は、連通空間22に連続する中空状の弁部材挿入空間42となっている。弁部材挿入空間42は連通空間22よりも内径が大きく、該連通空間22と弁部材挿入空間42の間に環状の弁部材挿入規制面43が形成されている。また、チャンネル接続部材30の円筒状突起の外周面側には、上端側から順に、周方向へのスナップリング係合環部44(図5)と、環状の取付環挿入規制面45と、Oリング46を保持するためのOリング保持溝47が形成されている。図5のようにチャンネル接続部材30を処置具挿入口突起21に取り付ると、Oリング保持溝47がフランジ凸部37の内周側まで挿入され、処置具挿入口突起21とチャンネル接続部材30の間はOリング46によって液密に塞がれる。
【0015】
処置具挿入口突起21に対してチャンネル接続部材30のみを装着した状態では、中空管路31Aと中空管路31Bのいずれも連通空間22に連通している。チャンネル接続部材30には、処置具挿通チャンネル20A、20Bへの陰圧の作用経路を制御するための吸引流路切替ダイヤル50を着脱可能である。図5及び図6に示すように、吸引流路切替ダイヤル50は、弁部材挿入空間42に挿入される弁部材51と、弁部材51に固定され該弁部材51と一体に回動するノブ52と、該弁部材51とノブ52の間に位置する取付環53とを備えている。弁部材51、ノブ52及び取付環53はいずれも、合成樹脂の成形品である。
【0016】
弁部材51は、弁部材挿入空間42の内径に対応する径の大径部51aと、この大径部51aと同心の小径軸部51bを有しており、大径部51aから下方に向けて、所定の周方向長さを有する扇形断面の流路切替弁55が突設されており、弁部材51を弁部材挿入空間42に挿入した状態では流路切替弁55は連通空間22に位置される。小径軸部51bの先端部付近は、外周面の一部を切り欠いて周方向凹部56が形成されており、非円形断面形状となっている。また、大径部51aの外周面には、Oリング57を保持するためのOリング保持溝58が形成されている。
【0017】
ノブ52は、取付環53に対向するディスク状部52aの下面側に、回転規制孔60と、該回転規制孔60を中心として周方向に位置を異ならせて配した4つのクリック凹部61とが形成されている。また、回転規制孔60の奥側にはねじ孔62が形成されている。回転規制孔60は、非円形断面に形成された小径軸部51bの先端部が相対回動不能に嵌まる、非円形の内面形状を有している。
【0018】
取付環53は、同心状の大小の筒状部53a、筒状部53bと該筒状部の底部を構成するディスク状部53cとを有する有底環体であり、ディスク状部53cの表裏と小径の筒状部53aを貫通する円形の貫通孔65を有している。該貫通孔65の内周面には、回転角制御突起66が突設されている。一方、取付環53における外側の筒状部53bの内周面にはスナップリング67が保持されている。スナップリング67は径方向に弾性変形可能であり、自由状態ではその内縁部が筒状部53bの内周面よりも突出している。また、筒状部53bにはディスク状部53cと反対方向に向けて回転規制突起68が突設されている。
【0019】
図6に示すように、取付環53のディスク状部53cには、筒状部53a及び53bとは反対側を向く面側、すなわち内視鏡への装着時における外面側に、貫通孔65を中心として周方向に等間隔で6つのクリック凸部69が形成されている。6つのクリック凸部69の形状は共通している。また取付環53cのディスク状部53cには、クリック凸部69よりも外縁側に、周方向に等間隔で3つの回転位置指標70が設けられている。
【0020】
吸引流路切替ダイヤル50を組み立てる際には、まず、取付環53に対し、回転角制御突起66が周方向凹部56内に位置するように位相を合わせて、筒状部53aの先端開口側から貫通孔65内に弁部材51の小径軸部51bを挿入する。すると、小径軸部51の先端は取付環53cのディスク状部53cから突出する。このとき、図5に示すように、取付環53cのディスク状部53cと弁部材51の大径部51aの間に圧縮コイルばね71を予め挿入しておく。
【0021】
続いて、取付環53cのディスク状部53cのうちクリック凸部69が形成された面側にノブ52を載せ、回転規制孔60を弁部材51の小径軸部51b先端に係合させる。回転規制孔60と小径軸部51bは非円形断面形状であり、その嵌合によってノブ52と弁部材51は相対回動不能に結合される。
【0022】
さらに、弁部材51を軸線方向に貫通するビス挿入孔73に対してビス72を挿入し、該ビス72をノブ52に設けたねじ孔62に螺合させる。図5に示すように、ビス72を最奥までねじ込むと、小径軸部51bの先端が回転規制孔60の底部に当接し、弁部材51とノブ52は相対回動のみならず軸線方向へも相対移動不能となる。
【0023】
この状態で吸引流路切替ダイヤル50は、小径軸部51bの外周面が貫通孔65の内周面に対して回動可能かつ軸線方向に移動可能に嵌っており、弁部材51とノブ52の結合体は、取付環53に対して回動及び軸線方向移動が可能に支持される。なお、弁部材51とノブ52の結合体の最大回動角は、周方向凹部56の両端面と回転角制御突起66の当接によって制限される。
【0024】
圧縮コイルばね71は、吸引流路切替ダイヤル50を組んだ状態で軸線方向に圧縮されており、該圧縮を解除しようとする復元力によって、弁部材51を図5中の下方へ付勢する。該付勢力は、弁部材51を介してノブ52に伝わり、ノブ52は取付環53(ディスク状部53c)に接近する方向へ付勢される。すなわち、ノブ52側のクリック凹部61と取付環53のクリック凸部69を係合させる方向へ付勢力が作用しており、該クリック凹部61とクリック凸部69の係合関係によって、取付環53に対するノブ52及び弁部材51の回動が規制される(クリックストップされる)。前述したように、結合された弁部材51とノブ52は、取付環53に対して相対回動のみならず軸線方向にも移動可能であり、ノブ52に一定以上の回動力が加わると、各クリック凹部61の周方向端面がクリック凸部69を乗り越えてノブ52が取付環53から持ち上げられ、クリックストップが解除される。そしてノブ52と共に、弁部材51も圧縮コイルばね71を圧縮させながら持ち上がる。ノブ52が所定角度回転すると、各クリック凹部61が次に対応するクリック凸部69の位置に達し、圧縮コイルばね71の付勢力によってクリック凹部61がクリック凸部69に係合される。
【0025】
以上のようにサブアッシされた吸引流路切替ダイヤル50は、取付環53に設けた回転規制突起68が処置具挿入口突起21側の回転規制凹部38に係合する角度位置をもって、チャンネル接続部材30に取り付けられる。回転規制突起68と回転規制凹部38の係合により、取付環53は処置具挿入口突起21に対し回転不能となる。また、取付環53の内周面に設けたスナップリング67がスナップリング係合環部44に係合することで、チャンネル接続部材30に対して取付環53が軸線方向に抜け止められる。チャンネル接続部材30に対する取付環53の最大挿入位置は、取付環挿入規制面45によって規制される。
【0026】
取付環53をチャンネル接続部材30に取り付けたとき、図5のように弁部材51の大径部51aは弁部材挿入空間42内に挿入され、流路切替弁55が連通空間22内に位置する。流路切替弁55は、連通空間22の内周面に対応する径の円筒面状の外周面を有し、この外周面を連通空間22の内周面に摺接させて回動することができる。流路切替弁55の内周面は、いずれの回転位置においても吸引チャンネル23を塞がない円筒面形状とされている(図3、図5参照)。
【0027】
流路切替弁55を有する弁部材51は、チャンネル接続部材30に対して一定の回転角(回転規制された取付環53の回転角制御突起66が周方向凹部56の両端壁面に当接するまでの間隔)で回動可能であり、連通空間22内に挿入された流路切替弁55はこの弁部材51の回動に応じて、径方向連通路41Aと径方向連通路41Bのいずれにも面さない位置(双方連通状態:図7)、径方向連通路41Aに対向する位置(片方連通状態:図8)、及び径方向連通路41Bに対向する位置(片方連通状態:図9)に移動される。弁部材51は、前述のクリック機構により図7ないし図9に示す3つの回動位置において係止される。なお、流路切替弁55が図7ないし図9のいずれの回転位置にあるときも、チャンネル接続部材30と弁部材51の間はOリング57によって液密に塞がれているため、連通空間22内に吸引された流体は、弁部材挿入空間42を通って外部へ漏出することはない。
【0028】
さらに図3、図ないし図9に示すように、略扇形をなす流路切替弁55の周方向の両端部には、外周面の一部を切り欠いて一対の吸引力調整用凹部(吸引力調整流路)81A及び81Bが形成されている。
【0029】
以上の構造において、図7の双方連通状態では、流路切替弁55が径方向連通路41Aと径方向連通路41Bを完全に開いているため、吸引チャンネル23からの陰圧が遮られることなく、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと処置具挿通チャンネル20Bの双方に均等に吸引力が作用する。つまり、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと処置具挿通チャンネル20Bの両方を用いた吸引作業が可能である。
【0030】
処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと処置具挿通チャンネル20Bのいずれか一方を吸引用の管路として使用し、他方に処置具を挿入する場合には、ノブ52を回動操作して流路切替弁55を図8または図9の位置に移動させる。例えば、図8の位置では流路切替弁55が径方向連通路41A、すなわち処置具挿通チャンネル20Aを概ね塞ぐため、吸引ポンプ27と連通される他方の処置具挿通チャンネル20B側で吸引操作を行うようになる。
【0031】
ところで、流路切替弁55の外周面の周方向一端部には吸引力調整用凹部81Aが形成されており、流路切替弁55が図8の片方連通位置に係止されたときに、径方向連通路41Aと連通空間22の間には吸引力調整用凹部81Aによって若干の隙間が確保されている。言い換えれば、流路切替弁55が、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aに続く径方向連通路41Aを不完全に閉じており、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aと連通空間22の間に若干の流体流通が可能となっている。この不完全に閉塞された処置具挿通チャンネル20Aによって、処置具挿通チャンネル20B側での陰圧調整が可能となる。例えば、処置具挿通チャンネル20Bを介しての吸引操作中に誤って体内粘膜を吸引してしまった場合、そのままの状態では過度な吸引力が作用するおそれがあるが、吸引力調整用凹部81Aによって他方の処置具挿通チャンネル20A側にも吸引ポンプ27との小さな連通面積が確保されていることにより、この処置具挿通チャンネル20A側に陰圧を逃がすことができる。よって、処置具挿通チャンネル20Bで過度吸引が発生することがなく、体内粘膜のダメージや吸引ダコの発生を防ぐことができる。
【0032】
吸引力調整用凹部81Aは、その連通面積が過大であると処置具挿通チャンネル20B側での吸引力が落ち、かつ処置具挿通チャンネル20A側で不要な微吸引が生じる原因となる。逆に吸引力調整用凹部81Aの連通面積が小さすぎると、上述した陰圧逃がし用流路として機能しない。そのため、吸引力調整用凹部81Aの連通面積は適切に設定されている。具体的には、処置具挿通チャンネル20B(中空管路31B)と吸引ポンプ27(連通空間22)との連通面積(径方向連通路41B)を100としたとき、吸引力調整用凹部81Aの連通面積は、5〜10になるように設定されている。
【0033】
また、流路切替弁55の外周面の周方向他端部には、別の吸引力調整用凹部81Bが形成されている。そのため、図9のように流路切替弁55を径方向連通路41Bの閉じ位置に回動させて処置具挿通チャンネル20Aを用いて吸引を行う場合も同様に、他方の処置具挿通チャンネル20Bによって、処置具挿通チャンネル20Aの陰圧を調整することが可能である。すなわち、流路切替弁55が図9の片方連通位置にあるときには、吸引力調整用凹部81Bによって連通空間22と径方向連通路41Bの間で少量の流体流通が可能となっており、処置具挿通チャンネル20A側に過度な吸引力が作用し得るような場合に、吸引力調整用凹部81Bを通して処置具挿通チャンネル20B側に陰圧を逃がすことができる。先の吸引力調整用凹部81Aと同様に、処置具挿通チャンネル20A(中空管路31A)と吸引ポンプ27(連通空間22)との連通面積(径方向連通路41A)を100としたとき、吸引力調整用凹部81Bの連通面積は、5〜10になるように設定されている。
【0034】
以上のように、本実施形態の内視鏡では、各処置具挿通チャンネル20A及び20B(中空管路31A及び31B)と連通空間22との間に、流路切替弁55の外周面の一部を切り欠いて、径方向連通路41A及び41Bより小さな連通面積の吸引力調整用凹部81A及び81Bを形成し、吸引源と連通される一方の処置具挿通チャンネルとは反対側の処置具挿通チャンネルに吸引源の陰圧を逃がすことを可能としたので、過度吸引による体内粘膜の損傷や、吸引ダコの発生を回避することができる。
【0036】
なお、本発明は図示実施形態に限定されるものではない。例えば、図示実施形態では、流路切替弁55を移動及び係止させる操作部材として吸引流路切替ダイヤル50を用いているが、吸引流路切替ダイヤル50とは異なる構造の操作部材を用いてもよい。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上から明らかなように、本発明によれば、処置具挿通チャンネルによる過度吸引を防ぐことが可能な内視鏡の吸引切替機構が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明を適用した吸引流路切替ダイヤルを有する内視鏡の外観図である。
【図2】 図1の内視鏡における流体流通路の概要を示す内部構造図である。
【図3】 図1の内視鏡の処置具挿入口突起の平面方向の断面図である。
【図4】 処置具挿入口突起から流路切替ダイヤルを取り外した状態の平面図である。
【図5】 吸引流路切替ダイヤル付近の断面図である。
【図6】 吸引流路切替ダイヤルの分解斜視図である。
【図7】 流路制御弁が2つの処置具挿通チャンネルの両方を開いた状態を示す図である。
【図8】 流路制御弁が一方の処置具挿通チャンネルを閉じた状態を示す図である。
【図9】 流路制御弁が他方の処置具挿通チャンネルを閉じた状態を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
11 把持操作部
12 挿入部
13 連結部
14 ユニバーサルチューブ
15 コネクタ
20A 20B 処置具挿通チャンネル
21 処置具挿入口突起
22 連通空間
23 吸引チャンネル
24 吸引シリンダ
25 吸引ニップル
26 吸引ボタン
27 吸引ポンプ(吸引源)
30 チャンネル接続部材
31A 31B 中空管路(処置具挿通チャンネル)
32A 32B 中継チューブ
41A 41B 径方向連通路
50 吸引流路切替ダイヤル
51 弁部材
52 ノブ
53 取付環
55 流路切替弁
61 クリック凹部
69 クリック凸部
70 回転位置指標
81A 81B 吸引力調整用凹部(吸引力調整流路)
[0001]
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to an endoscope suction switching mechanism.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
When suction is performed with a medical endoscope, a body tissue that is not a suction target is accidentally sucked, and negative pressure may directly act on the mucous membrane. If the suction force is large at this time, the mucous membrane portion may bleed or so-called suction octopus may occur. If bleeding occurs, it will be difficult to diagnose the lesion, and suction octopus will be difficult to distinguish from polyps, which will interfere with the examination in either case.
[0003]
In particular, in a so-called two-channel endoscope that includes two treatment instrument insertion channels that can also be used as suction channels, and a flow path switching valve that switches between the two channels and a communication state with a suction source, When the suction force of one of the channels is shut off by the flow path switching valve, it is desired that the suction force acting on the other channel does not become excessive.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope suction switching mechanism capable of preventing excessive suction by a treatment instrument insertion channel.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The endoscope suction switching mechanism of the present invention has a suction source; a pair of treatment instrument insertion channels; a cylindrical inner peripheral surface that communicates the pair of treatment instrument insertion channels to different positions in the circumferential direction; A communication space communicating with the cylindrical space; a cylindrical outer peripheral surface that is in sliding contact with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the communication space; on the other hand, the two one communication state to communicate switched communication, the source of suction can be switched operated on with both communication with communicating with both of the pair of treatment instrument insertion channel of the flow path switching valve; and the flow path switching valve of two when in each one communicating state, another other treatment instrument insertion channel and one of the treatment instrument communicating channel communicating with the suction source than the area of communication between the suction source and the one treatment instrument insertion channel the Suction source with small communication area Is characterized by having a; communicating, suction force adjustment channel consisting of a pair of recesses formed on both end portions in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the flow path switching valve.
[0006]
In the above-described one-side communication state, when the communication area between one treatment instrument insertion channel and the suction source completely communicating with the suction source is 100, the communication area with the suction source in the other treatment instrument insertion channel is 5 10 to 10 is desirable.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows the appearance of an entire endoscope to which the present invention is applied. The endoscope includes a gripping operation unit 11 gripped by an endoscope operator, an insertion unit 12 inserted into an observation target, a connecting unit 13 connecting the insertion unit 12 and the gripping operation unit 11, and a gripping operation unit 11. The universal tube 14 is extended from. The insertion portion 12 includes a distal end portion 12a, a bending portion 12b that can be bent, and a flexible tube portion 12c having flexibility. The end of the universal tube 14 is a connector 15 that can be attached to and detached from a processor (not shown).
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 2, two treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B are disposed in the insertion portion 12, and the outlet portions of the treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B are formed at the distal end portion 12a. . On the other hand, the treatment instrument insertion port projection 21 provided in the connecting portion 13 is formed with inlet portions of treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B. A communication space 22 (see FIG. 3) for communicating the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B is formed in the treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 21. A suction channel 23 is connected to the communication space 22. . A suction cylinder 24 is provided in the middle of the suction channel 23, and the suction channel 23 further opens into a suction nipple 25 (FIG. 2) extending from the suction cylinder 24 into the universal tube 14 and projecting from the connector 15. is doing. A tube extending from a suction pump (suction source) 27 can be attached to and removed from the suction nipple 25, and negative pressure can be applied to the suction channel 23 by operating the suction pump. A suction button 26 protruding from the outer surface of the gripping operation unit 11 is supported on the suction cylinder 24 so as to be able to advance and retreat. The channel 23 and the suction channel 23 on the communication space 22 side are blocked by the piston of the suction button 26, and no negative pressure acts on the communication space 22. In this state, outside air is sucked from an opening formed at the top of the suction button 26. On the other hand, when the suction button 26 is pressed while closing the top opening of the suction button 26, the blocking is released and negative pressure acts on the communication space 22 side.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 3, the channel connecting member 30 provided in the treatment instrument insertion port projection 21 has a pair of hollow conduits (treatment instrument insertion channels) communicating with the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B. 31A and 31B are formed. Specifically, the rigid relay tubes 32A and 32B fixed to the end portions of the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B are connected to the channel connecting member 30 via the fixed frame 33, and the relay tubes 32A and 32B are connected. The flow path formed in the fixed frame 33 communicates with the hollow pipe line 31A and the hollow pipe line 31B. Further, hollow cylindrical base fixing members 34A and 34B are fixed to the outlet portions of the hollow pipe path 31A and the hollow pipe path 31B, respectively, and screws are attached to the base fixing members 34A and 34B. The cylindrical base projections 35A and 35B are fixed. The base projections 35A and 35B substantially constitute the inlet portions of the treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B, and treatment instruments can be inserted into the treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B. Base fixing members 34A and 34B made of an insulating material and a rubber cover 36 are sandwiched between the base projections 35A and 35B and the channel connecting member 30, and the channel made of a metal material is formed by these insulating members. The connection member 30 is prevented from being exposed on the outer surface of the treatment instrument insertion port projection 21. Further, forceps plugs 39A and 39B (FIG. 1) can be attached to and detached from the cap projections 35A and 35B.
[0012]
Further, the communication space 22 is formed in the channel connecting member 30 between the hollow conduit 31A and the hollow conduit 31B. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the communication space 22 has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and a pair of radial communication passages 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B that open at different positions in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface. Is formed. The radial communication path 41A communicates with the hollow pipe 31A, and the radial communication path 41B communicates with the hollow pipe 31B. As shown in FIG. 5, the bottom of the communication space 22 is an opening that penetrates the channel connecting member 30, and the suction channel 23 is connected to the opening.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the channel connecting member 30, the upper part of the communication space 22 is formed as a cylindrical protrusion that protrudes toward the outer surface of the endoscope. A circular opening for projecting the protrusion outward is formed. An annular flange protrusion 37 is formed at the edge of the circular opening, and a part of the outer edge of the flange protrusion 37 is cut away to form a rotation restricting recess 38.
[0014]
The inside of the cylindrical projection of the channel connection member 30 protruding from the treatment instrument insertion port projection 21 is a hollow valve member insertion space 42 that continues to the communication space 22. The valve member insertion space 42 has a larger inner diameter than the communication space 22, and an annular valve member insertion restriction surface 43 is formed between the communication space 22 and the valve member insertion space 42. Further, on the outer peripheral surface side of the cylindrical protrusion of the channel connecting member 30, in the order from the upper end side, a snap ring engagement ring portion 44 (FIG. 5) in the circumferential direction, an annular mounting ring insertion restriction surface 45, and an O An O-ring holding groove 47 for holding the ring 46 is formed. When the channel connecting member 30 is attached to the treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 21 as shown in FIG. 5, the O-ring holding groove 47 is inserted to the inner peripheral side of the flange convex portion 37, and the treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 21 and the channel connection member are inserted. 30 is liquid-tightly closed by an O-ring 46.
[0015]
In a state where only the channel connecting member 30 is attached to the treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 21, both the hollow pipe line 31 </ b> A and the hollow pipe line 31 </ b> B communicate with the communication space 22. The channel connection member 30 is detachably attachable to a suction flow path switching dial 50 for controlling a negative pressure action path to the treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the suction flow path switching dial 50 includes a valve member 51 that is inserted into the valve member insertion space 42, and a knob 52 that is fixed to the valve member 51 and rotates integrally with the valve member 51. And an attachment ring 53 positioned between the valve member 51 and the knob 52. The valve member 51, the knob 52, and the mounting ring 53 are all synthetic resin molded products.
[0016]
The valve member 51 includes a large-diameter portion 51a having a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the valve member insertion space 42, and a small-diameter shaft portion 51b concentric with the large-diameter portion 51a, and downward from the large-diameter portion 51a. A fan-shaped cross-section switching valve 55 having a predetermined length in the circumferential direction protrudes, and in a state where the valve member 51 is inserted into the valve member insertion space 42, the channel switching valve 55 is positioned in the communication space 22. The In the vicinity of the distal end portion of the small-diameter shaft portion 51b, a circumferential recess 56 is formed by cutting out a part of the outer peripheral surface, and has a non-circular cross-sectional shape. An O-ring holding groove 58 for holding the O-ring 57 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 51a.
[0017]
The knob 52 includes a rotation restricting hole 60 and four click recesses 61 arranged at different positions in the circumferential direction around the rotation restricting hole 60 on the lower surface side of the disk-shaped portion 52a facing the mounting ring 53. Is formed. Further, a screw hole 62 is formed on the back side of the rotation restricting hole 60. The rotation restricting hole 60 has a non-circular inner surface shape in which the distal end portion of the small-diameter shaft portion 51b formed in a non-circular cross section is fitted so as not to be relatively rotatable.
[0018]
The attachment ring 53 is a bottomed ring body having concentric large and small cylindrical portions 53a, a cylindrical portion 53b, and a disk-shaped portion 53c constituting the bottom of the cylindrical portion, and the front and back of the disk-shaped portion 53c. It has a circular through-hole 65 that penetrates the small-diameter cylindrical portion 53a. On the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 65, a rotation angle control projection 66 is projected. On the other hand, a snap ring 67 is held on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical portion 53 b in the mounting ring 53. The snap ring 67 can be elastically deformed in the radial direction, and its inner edge protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 53b in a free state. Further, a rotation restricting protrusion 68 is provided on the cylindrical portion 53b so as to project in the direction opposite to the disk-shaped portion 53c.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 6, a through hole 65 is formed in the disk-shaped portion 53c of the mounting ring 53 on the surface facing the opposite side to the tubular portions 53a and 53b, that is, on the outer surface when attached to the endoscope. Six click projections 69 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction as the center. The shapes of the six click projections 69 are common. Further, on the disk-shaped portion 53c of the mounting ring 53c, three rotational position indicators 70 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer edge side of the click convex portion 69.
[0020]
When assembling the suction flow path switching dial 50, first, the phase is adjusted so that the rotation angle control projection 66 is positioned in the circumferential recess 56 with respect to the mounting ring 53, and from the opening end side of the tubular portion 53a. The small diameter shaft portion 51 b of the valve member 51 is inserted into the through hole 65. Then, the tip of the small diameter shaft portion 51 protrudes from the disc-shaped portion 53c of the mounting ring 53c. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, a compression coil spring 71 is inserted in advance between the disc-shaped portion 53 c of the attachment ring 53 c and the large-diameter portion 51 a of the valve member 51.
[0021]
Subsequently, the knob 52 is placed on the surface of the mounting ring 53c where the click projection 69 is formed, and the rotation restricting hole 60 is engaged with the tip of the small diameter shaft portion 51b of the valve member 51. The rotation restricting hole 60 and the small-diameter shaft portion 51b have a non-circular cross-sectional shape, and the knob 52 and the valve member 51 are coupled so as not to be rotatable relative to each other.
[0022]
Further, a screw 72 is inserted into a screw insertion hole 73 that penetrates the valve member 51 in the axial direction, and the screw 72 is screwed into a screw hole 62 provided in the knob 52. As shown in FIG. 5, when the screw 72 is screwed to the innermost position, the tip of the small diameter shaft portion 51b comes into contact with the bottom portion of the rotation restricting hole 60, and the valve member 51 and the knob 52 are not only relatively rotated but also in the axial direction. Relative movement is impossible.
[0023]
In this state, the suction channel switching dial 50 is fitted such that the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter shaft portion 51b is rotatable with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 65 and is movable in the axial direction. The combined body is supported so as to be rotatable and axially movable with respect to the attachment ring 53. The maximum rotation angle of the combined body of the valve member 51 and the knob 52 is limited by the contact between the end faces of the circumferential recess 56 and the rotation angle control protrusion 66.
[0024]
The compression coil spring 71 is compressed in the axial direction with the suction flow path switching dial 50 assembled, and biases the valve member 51 downward in FIG. 5 by a restoring force for releasing the compression. The urging force is transmitted to the knob 52 through the valve member 51, and the knob 52 is urged in a direction approaching the attachment ring 53 (disk-shaped portion 53c). That is, a biasing force acts in a direction in which the click recess 61 on the knob 52 side and the click protrusion 69 of the attachment ring 53 are engaged, and the attachment ring 53 depends on the engagement relationship between the click recess 61 and the click protrusion 69. The rotation of the knob 52 and the valve member 51 with respect to is restricted (click stopped). As described above, the combined valve member 51 and the knob 52 are movable not only relative to the mounting ring 53 but also in the axial direction. The end surface in the circumferential direction of the click recess 61 gets over the click protrusion 69, the knob 52 is lifted from the mounting ring 53, and the click stop is released. Along with the knob 52, the valve member 51 is also lifted while compressing the compression coil spring 71. When the knob 52 rotates by a predetermined angle, each click recess 61 reaches the position of the click protrusion 69 corresponding to the next, and the click recess 61 is engaged with the click protrusion 69 by the urging force of the compression coil spring 71.
[0025]
The suction flow path switching dial 50 sub-assembled as described above has a channel connecting member 30 having an angular position where the rotation restricting projection 68 provided on the attachment ring 53 engages with the rotation restricting recess 38 on the treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 21 side. Attached to. Due to the engagement of the rotation restricting projection 68 and the rotation restricting recess 38, the attachment ring 53 is not rotatable with respect to the treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 21. Further, the snap ring 67 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the mounting ring 53 is engaged with the snap ring engaging ring portion 44, so that the mounting ring 53 is prevented from coming off in the axial direction with respect to the channel connecting member 30. The maximum insertion position of the attachment ring 53 with respect to the channel connection member 30 is restricted by the attachment ring insertion restriction surface 45.
[0026]
When the attachment ring 53 is attached to the channel connection member 30, the large-diameter portion 51 a of the valve member 51 is inserted into the valve member insertion space 42 and the flow path switching valve 55 is located in the communication space 22 as shown in FIG. . The flow path switching valve 55 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface having a diameter corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the communication space 22, and can rotate by bringing the outer peripheral surface into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the communication space 22. it can. The inner peripheral surface of the flow path switching valve 55 has a cylindrical surface shape that does not block the suction channel 23 at any rotational position (see FIGS. 3 and 5).
[0027]
The valve member 51 having the flow path switching valve 55 has a constant rotation angle with respect to the channel connection member 30 (until the rotation angle control protrusions 66 of the rotation ring 53 whose rotation is restricted are in contact with both end wall surfaces of the circumferential recess 56. The flow path switching valve 55 inserted into the communication space 22 faces either the radial communication path 41A or the radial communication path 41B according to the rotation of the valve member 51. Moves to a position (not connected to both sides: FIG. 7), a position facing the radial communication path 41A (one-side communication state: FIG. 8), and a position facing the radial communication path 41B (one-side communication state: FIG. 9) Is done. The valve member 51 is locked at the three rotational positions shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 by the click mechanism described above. Even when the flow path switching valve 55 is in any of the rotational positions of FIGS. 7 to 9, the space between the channel connecting member 30 and the valve member 51 is liquid-tightly closed by the O-ring 57. The fluid sucked into 22 does not leak to the outside through the valve member insertion space 42.
[0028]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 to 9, at both ends in the circumferential direction of the substantially sector-shaped flow path switching valve 55, a part of the outer peripheral surface is cut away to form a pair of suction force adjusting recesses (suction Force adjusting flow paths) 81A and 81B are formed.
[0029]
In the above structure, in the two-way communication state of FIG. 7, the flow path switching valve 55 completely opens the radial communication path 41A and the radial communication path 41B, so that the negative pressure from the suction channel 23 is not blocked. The suction force acts equally on both the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B. That is, a suction operation using both the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B is possible.
[0030]
When one of the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B is used as a suction conduit and a treatment instrument is inserted into the other, the knob 52 is turned to change the flow path switching valve 55. It is moved to the position shown in FIG. For example, in the position of FIG. 8, the flow path switching valve 55 substantially blocks the radial communication path 41A, that is, the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A, so that the suction operation is performed on the other treatment instrument insertion channel 20B side that communicates with the suction pump 27. It becomes like this.
[0031]
By the way, a suction force adjusting recess 81A is formed at one circumferential end of the outer peripheral surface of the flow path switching valve 55, and when the flow path switching valve 55 is locked at one communication position in FIG. A slight gap is secured between the direction communication passage 41A and the communication space 22 by the suction force adjusting recess 81A . In other words, the flow path switching valve 55 incompletely closes the radial communication path 41A following the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A, and a slight fluid flow is possible between the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A and the communication space 22. ing. The treatment tool insertion channel 20A that is incompletely blocked enables negative pressure adjustment on the treatment tool insertion channel 20B side. For example, if the body mucous membrane is accidentally sucked during the suction operation through the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B, an excessive suction force may act in the state as it is, but the suction force adjusting recess 81A Since a small communication area with the suction pump 27 is secured also on the other treatment instrument insertion channel 20A side, negative pressure can be released to the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A side. Therefore, excessive suction does not occur in the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B, and damage to the mucosa in the body and generation of suction octopus can be prevented.
[0032]
If the communication area of the recess 81A for adjusting the suction force is excessive, the suction force on the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B side decreases, and unnecessary fine suction occurs on the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A side. Conversely, if the communication area of the suction force adjusting recess 81A is too small, it does not function as the above-described negative pressure relief flow path. Therefore, the communication area of the suction force adjusting recess 81A is set appropriately. Specifically, when the communication area (radial direction communication path 41B) between the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B (hollow duct 31B) and the suction pump 27 (communication space 22) is 100, the suction force adjusting recess 81A The communication area is set to be 5-10.
[0033]
Further , another suction force adjusting recess 81 </ b> B is formed at the other circumferential end of the outer peripheral surface of the flow path switching valve 55 . For this reason, as shown in FIG. 9, when the flow path switching valve 55 is rotated to the closed position of the radial communication path 41B and suction is performed using the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A, the other treatment instrument insertion channel 20B is used. The negative pressure of the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A can be adjusted. That is, when the flow path switching valve 55 is in the one-way communication position of FIG. 9, a small amount of fluid can be circulated between the communication space 22 and the radial communication path 41B by the suction force adjusting recess 81B . When an excessive suction force can act on the insertion channel 20A side, negative pressure can be released to the treatment instrument insertion channel 20B side through the suction force adjusting recess 81B . When the communication area (radial direction communication path 41A) between the treatment instrument insertion channel 20A (hollow pipe line 31A) and the suction pump 27 (communication space 22) is set to 100, similar to the suction force adjustment recess 81A , The communication area of the suction force adjusting recess 81B is set to 5 to 10.
[0034]
As described above, in the endoscope of the present embodiment , one of the outer peripheral surfaces of the flow path switching valve 55 is provided between the treatment instrument insertion channels 20A and 20B (hollow pipe paths 31A and 31B) and the communication space 22. A suction tool for adjusting the suction force adjustment 81A and 81B having a communication area smaller than that of the radial communication passages 41A and 41B is formed, and the treatment tool insertion on the opposite side of the one treatment tool insertion channel communicated with the suction source is formed. Since the negative pressure of the suction source can be released to the channel, damage to the internal mucosa due to excessive suction and generation of suction octopus can be avoided.
[0036]
The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the suction flow path switching dial 50 is used as an operation member for moving and locking the flow path switching valve 55, but an operation member having a structure different from that of the suction flow path switching dial 50 may be used. Good.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, an endoscope suction switching mechanism capable of preventing excessive suction by the treatment instrument insertion channel can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view of an endoscope having a suction flow path switching dial to which the present invention is applied.
2 is an internal structure diagram showing an outline of a fluid flow path in the endoscope of FIG. 1. FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view in the plane direction of a treatment instrument insertion port projection of the endoscope of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a state where a flow path switching dial is removed from a treatment instrument insertion port protrusion.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a suction flow path switching dial.
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a suction flow path switching dial.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a state where the flow path control valve opens both of two treatment instrument insertion channels.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the flow path control valve closes one treatment instrument insertion channel.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a state in which the flow path control valve closes the other treatment instrument insertion channel.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Grasp operation part 12 Insertion part 13 Connection part 14 Universal tube 15 Connector 20A 20B Treatment instrument insertion channel 21 Treatment instrument insertion port protrusion 22 Communication space 23 Suction channel 24 Suction cylinder 25 Suction nipple 26 Suction button 27 Suction pump (suction source)
30 channel connecting member 31A 31B hollow pipe (treatment instrument insertion channel)
32A 32B Relay tube 41A 41B Radial communication passage 50 Suction flow path switching dial 51 Valve member 52 Knob 53 Mounting ring 55 Flow path switching valve 61 Click recess 69 Click projection 70 Rotation position index 81A 81B Suction force adjustment recess (suction force) Adjustment flow path)

Claims (2)

吸引源;
一対の処置具挿通チャンネル;
上記一対の処置具挿通チャンネルを周方向の異なる位置に連通させる円筒状の内周面を有し、かつ吸引源に連通する連通空間;
上記連通空間の円筒状内周面に摺接する円筒状外周面を有し、連通空間の内周面に沿う回動により、吸引源を上記一対の処置具挿通チャンネルの何れか一方に切替連通させる二つの片方連通状態と、吸引源を一対の処置具挿通チャンネルの双方に連通させる双方連通状態とに切替動作可能な流路切替弁;及び
上記流路切替弁が上記二つの片方連通状態のそれぞれにあるとき、吸引源に連通している一方の処置具連通チャンネルとは別の他方の処置具挿通チャンネルを、該一方の処置具挿通チャンネルと吸引源との連通面積より小さい連通面積で吸引源に連通させる、流路切替弁の外周面の周方向の両端部に形成した一対の凹部よりなる吸引力調整流路;
を備えたことを特徴とする内視鏡の吸引切替機構。
Suction source;
A pair of treatment instrument insertion channels;
A communication space having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface for communicating the pair of treatment instrument insertion channels with different positions in the circumferential direction and communicating with a suction source;
It has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface that is in sliding contact with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the communication space, and the suction source is switched and communicated with one of the pair of treatment instrument insertion channels by rotation along the inner peripheral surface of the communication space. and two one communication with the suction source switching operable flow path switching valve and both communicating state for communicating with both of the pair of treatment instrument insertion channel; and the flow path switching valve of the two one communicating state When each is present, the other treatment instrument insertion channel different from the one treatment instrument communication channel communicating with the suction source is sucked with a communication area smaller than the communication area between the one treatment instrument insertion channel and the suction source. A suction force adjusting flow path comprising a pair of recesses formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the flow path switching valve, which is communicated with a source;
An endoscope suction switching mechanism characterized by comprising:
請求項1記載の内視鏡の吸引切替機構において、上記一方の処置具挿通チャンネルと吸引源との連通面積を100としたとき、上記小さい連通面積は5〜10である内視鏡の吸引切替機構。The endoscope suction switching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the small communication area is 5 to 10 when the communication area between the one treatment instrument insertion channel and the suction source is 100. mechanism.
JP2002045905A 2002-02-22 2002-02-22 Endoscope suction switching mechanism Expired - Fee Related JP4056760B2 (en)

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