JP4048997B2 - Electron beam emission tube - Google Patents

Electron beam emission tube Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4048997B2
JP4048997B2 JP2003108596A JP2003108596A JP4048997B2 JP 4048997 B2 JP4048997 B2 JP 4048997B2 JP 2003108596 A JP2003108596 A JP 2003108596A JP 2003108596 A JP2003108596 A JP 2003108596A JP 4048997 B2 JP4048997 B2 JP 4048997B2
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Japan
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electron beam
irradiation window
head
emission tube
pressing body
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JP2003108596A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004004040A (en
Inventor
藤 洋 一 佐
川 哲 也 平
藤 均 後
口 寿 一 山
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Iwasaki Denki KK
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Iwasaki Denki KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電子ビーム照射装置の主要部を構成する電子ビーム放出管に係り、特に真空排気装置に接続して内部を真空状態に保持しながら照射窓から電子ビームを放出するタイプの電子ビーム放出管に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の電子ビーム照射装置は、加速電圧150kV以上、照射窓の面積が80cm以上で、稼動中に内部を高真空に排気しているものが一般的であるが、電子ビーム放出管に相当する部分を他の部分から切り離して着脱できる構造にはなっていない。
【0003】
図10はその代表的な従来装置の構成を示し、高真空ポンプ119によって真空排気される円筒形チャンバー104内の中央部にカソード114とグリッド115が配置されている。カソード114とグリッド115は保守を容易にするために通常カソードユニット116に収められており、この部分が電子ビーム照射装置の電子発生部103を構成している。
【0004】
そして、チャンバー104の外壁の一部に、電子ビームを透過する照射窓101が設けられている。照射窓101は、電子を透過する薄い照射窓箔105からなり、これをサポート板118と窓箔押さえ板117とで保持した部分が電子ビーム照射装置のヘッド部102を構成している。
【0005】
装置の運転中は、カソード114とグリッド115に高電圧電源でそれぞれ負の高電圧電位がかけられて、アースに接続されたチャンバー104及び照射窓箔105との間に高電圧の電界が生じる。これによりカソード114で発生しグリッド115に集められた電子が照射窓箔105に向けて加速され、電子の一部は照射窓箔105を突き抜けてチャンバー104の外部へ放出される。
【0006】
この種の装置において、使用中に故障や劣化を生じやすく、また最も早く寿命が尽きるのは照射窓101を構成する照射窓箔105である。また、電子発生部103のカソード114も消耗部品に指定されている。これらの部品は、故障や劣化による不具合を生じなくとも、予め定められた使用期間ごとに定期交換される。
【0007】
また、電子ビーム放出管に相当する部分を着脱することができない図10の従来装置は、該装置の設置現場で照射窓箔105やカソード114の交換作業を行わなければならないが、その作業手順は下記(1)〜(7)の如く非常に煩雑なものであるから、装置の稼動を半日から1日程度停止しなければならず、また、交換作業は専門的な知識と経験を必要とするので、熟練した技術者のみしか行うことができないという不便があった。
(1)装置の稼動を停止する。
(2)チャンバー104内に大気(又は大気圧の不活性ガス)を導入する。
(3)旧い照射窓箔105とその保持部品117、118を取り外してヘッド部102を開放する。
(4)チャンバー104内のカソードユニット116を分解し、旧いカソード114を取り外して新品と交換する。
(5)新品の照射窓箔105を保持部品117、118でヘッド部102に取り付ける。
(6)高真空ポンプ119でチャンバー104内を真空排気する。
(7)装置の電源を入れて、装置の状態を観察しながら加速電圧及び電流を定格仕様に達するまで徐々に高めるコンディショニング作業を行う。
【0008】
なお、従来装置の中には、照射窓やカソードの交換作業を簡略化するためにそれらが設けられた電子ビーム放出管を装置から取り外して一括交換できるようにしたものもある。この種の装置に用いる電子ビーム放出管としては、電子ビームを透過させる照射窓が設けられたヘッド部と、その照射窓と対向する箇所に電子発生部が内装された電気絶縁性の胴部とで真空管の如き高真空の気密容器を形成することによって真空排気装置を不要とした真空管タイプの電子ビーム放出管があり(特許文献1参照)、このタイプの電子ビーム放出管は、これを新品と交換して、その新品のコンディショニング作業を行うだけで、交換作業が完了するので、装置の稼動停止時間が著しく短縮されるという利点がある。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特表平10−512092号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、真空管タイプの電子ビーム放出管は、十数万〜数十万円もする非常に高価な商品でありながら、再生利用することができない使い捨て商品であり、そのうえ、照射窓とカソードのいずれか一方が故障すれば、新品と交換しなければならないという不利がある。
【0011】
つまり、照射窓の耐久寿命は、通常1000〜2000時間とされているのに対し、カソードの耐久寿命は、通常5000時間以上であり、また、その他の部品は更にそれ以上の耐久寿命を有しているが、真空管タイプの電子ビーム放出管は、耐久寿命の最も短い照射窓の使用期間が経過すると、カソードその他の部品の使用期間が未だ経過していなくとも、その電子ビーム放出管を新品と交換しなければならないという経済的な不利がある。
【0012】
まして、照射窓の使用期間が経過しないうちに、その照射窓やカソード等に突発的な故障が生じて、高価な電子ビーム放出管の交換を余儀なくされるとなれば、著しく不経済であると同時に、省資源の観点からも好ましくない。
【0013】
また、真空管タイプの電子ビーム放出管も、これを電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けた後に、コンディショニング作業を行う必要があり、そのコンディショニング作業は通常1時間〜数時間を要するので、その間は電子ビーム照射装置の稼動を停止しなければならず、その分だけ装置の稼働率が低下する。
【0014】
そこで本発明は、故障や劣化を生じた照射窓やカソードなどの部品だけを交換して何度も再生利用することができ、しかも、部品の交換作業を簡単且つ速やかに行うことができる電子ビーム放出管を提供すると共に、電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けた際に面倒なコンディショニング作業を行う必要がない電子ビーム放出管を提供することを技術的課題としている。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、請求項1に係る発明は、電子ビームを透過させる照射窓が取り付けられたヘッド部と、その照射窓と対向する位置に電子発生部が内装された胴部とで成る電子ビーム放出管において、前記ヘッド部が、真空排気装置への配管接続口と前記照射窓を取り付ける窓穴とを有するヘッド本体と、該ヘッド本体に前記照射窓の外縁部を密着させるように圧し当てて前記窓穴を気密封止する押圧体とで構成され、該押圧体が、前記ヘッド本体に対して脱着可能に締め止められることを特徴とする。
【0016】
本発明の電子ビーム放出管は、電子ビームを透過させる照射窓が取り付けられたヘッド部と、その照射窓と対向する位置に電子発生部が内装された胴部とで構成される点において、真空管タイプの従来品と共通するが、真空管タイプとは異なり、照射窓等の部品が故障や劣化を生じたときはその部品のみを迅速且つ容易に交換して、ヘッド部や胴部はそのまま再利用することができる。
【0017】
すなわち、本発明の電子ビーム放出管は、照射窓等の部品が故障や劣化を生じたときに、真空排気装置への配管接続口から放出管の内部に大気又は大気圧の不活性ガスを導入して電子ビーム照射装置から取り外し、これを新しい電子ビーム放出管と一括交換する。そして、電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けた新しい電子ビーム放出管を真空排気装置の配管接続口から真空排気してコンディショニング作業を行うだけで電子ビーム照射装置の再稼動が可能となる。
【0018】
一方、電子ビーム照射装置から取り外して回収した旧い電子ビーム放出管は、そのヘッド本体に締め止められた押圧体を取り外すだけで、該押圧体でヘッド本体に圧し当てられた照射窓を簡単に取り外すことができる。そして、新品の照射窓を押圧体でヘッド本体に圧し当てるようにしてその押圧体をヘッド本体に締め止めるだけで、照射窓の取り付けが完了すると同時に、照射窓を取り付けるヘッド本体の窓穴がその照射窓で気密封止されて、電子ビーム放出管の再生作業が速やかに完了する。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面によって具体的に説明する。
図1は請求項1の発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の一例を示す断面図、図2はそのヘッド部を構成する押圧体の作用を示す図、図3は押圧体の一例を示す図、図4は請求項1の発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の他の例を示す断面図、図5はそのヘッド部の拡大図、図6はその胴部に内装された電子発生部の拡大図、図7は電子発生部を構成するカソードユニットの拡大図、図8はヘッド部に取り付ける照射窓の一例を示す図、図9は請求項10の発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の一例を示す断面図である。
【0022】
図1の電子ビーム放出管1Aは、電子ビームを透過させる照射窓4が取り付けられたヘッド部2と、その照射窓4と対向する位置に電子発生部5が内装された胴部3とで構成されると共に、ヘッド部2が、真空排気装置(図示せず)への配管接続口6と照射窓4を取り付ける窓穴7とを有するヘッド本体2aと、該ヘッド本体2aに照射窓4の外縁部を密着させるように圧し当てて窓穴7を気密封止する押圧体2bとで構成され、該押圧体2bが、ヘッド本体2aに対して複数本のボルト8で脱着可能に締め止められるようになっている。
【0023】
ヘッド部2を構成するヘッド本体2aと押圧体2bは、いずれも電子を透過しないステンレス材で成形され、押圧体2bには、その中央部にヘッド本体2aの窓穴7と連通する広角穴9が穿設されると共に、その外縁部にボルト8を通す複数のボルト穴10が穿設され、一方、ヘッド本体2aには、ボルト8と螺合するねじ穴11が設けられている。
【0024】
照射窓4は、電子を透過させる低密度の薄い金属箔で成る照射窓箔12と、照射窓箔12の外縁部に沿って押圧体2bで圧し当てる気密封止体13とで構成され、該気密封止体13は、ゴム弾性を有するリングやシートあるいは中央に穴があいた金属箔等で形成されている。
【0025】
また、ヘッド本体2aは、押圧体2bによって照射窓4を圧し当てる部分が凸面部14に形成され、押圧体2bには、ヘッド本体2aの凸面部14と緩めに嵌合する凹面部15が形成されると共に、その凹面部15とヘッド本体2aの凸面部14とを嵌合させたときに、押圧体2bの外縁部とこれをボルト8で締め止めるヘッド本体2aとの間に、ボルト8の締付け力によって押圧体2bに図2の如く弾性変形を生じさせるためのギャップ16が形成されるように構成され、その押圧体2bの弾性変形によって生ずる応力で該押圧体2bによる照射窓4の押圧力が強まり、特に、図2の円Sで囲った照射窓4の外縁部が押圧体2bによって強く圧迫されるので、該照射窓4の気密封止体13による窓穴7の気密封止効果が著しく高められる。
【0026】
また、ボルト8の締付け力によって弾性変形した押圧体2bは、ヘッド本体2aに圧し当てる方向に付勢されているので、熱膨張変形によるリークも確実に防止することができる。また、弾性変形した押圧体2bの押圧力がヘッド本体2aの凸面部14の角部に集中して照射窓4が破損することを防止するために、その角部には曲率半径0.5〜1.0mm程度の丸みが付けられている。なお、丸みの曲率半径が0.5mm以下の場合は照射窓箔12が千切れるおそれがあり、1.2mm以上の場合はリークを生ずるおそれがある。
【0027】
図3の押圧体2aは、該押圧体に形成された凹面部15を囲うように該押圧体の肉厚を薄くして弾性変形を生じやすくする凹溝17が形成されており、該凹溝17の深さ及び幅を加減することによって押圧体2aの曲げ剛性を最適に調整している。
【0028】
ヘッド本体2aに設けた配管接続口6の開口端には、真空排気装置の真空配管に接続するための継手18が設けられている。また、胴部3に内装された電子発生部5は、カソード19とグリッド20とで構成され、それらがカソード19から生ずる電子の散乱を遮蔽するシールド管21内に配置されている。
【0029】
しかして、電子ビーム放出管1Aの照射窓4が故障や劣化を生じたときは、電子ビーム照射装置の稼動を停止させて、電子ビーム放出管1Aの配管接続口6から放出管の内部に大気又は大気圧の不活性ガスを導入し、該電子ビーム放出管1Aを電子ビーム照射装置から取り外して、これを新しい電子ビーム放出管1Aと一括交換する。そして、電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けた新しい電子ビーム放出管1Aの配管接続口6から真空排気して該放出管のコンディショニング作業を行うだけで電子ビーム照射装置の再稼動が可能となる。
【0030】
一方、電子ビーム照射装置から取り外して回収した旧い電子ビーム放出管1Aは、そのヘッド本体2aにボルト8で締め止められた押圧体2bを取り外すだけで、故障又は劣化した照射窓4を簡単且つ速やかに取り外すことができる。そして、新品の照射窓4を取り付けるときは、該照射窓4をヘッド本体2aの凸面部14に当てて、その凸面部14に押圧体2bの凹面部15を嵌合させた状態とし、その状態で押圧体2bの外縁部をボルト8でヘッド本体2aに締め止めるだけで、照射窓4の取り付けが完了すると同時に、照射窓4を取り付けるヘッド本体2aの窓穴7がその照射窓4によって気密封止されて、電子ビーム放出管1Aの再生作業が速やかに完了する。
【0031】
なお、上例では、ヘッド本体2aに凸面部14を形成し、押圧体2bに凹面部15を形成しているが、逆に、ヘッド本体2aに凹面部を形成し、押圧体2bにその凹面部と嵌合する凸面部を形成する場合であってもよい。
【0032】
次に、図4の電子ビーム放出管1Bは、照射窓4のみならず、カソード19の交換作業も容易に行えるように工夫したもので、胴部3がヘッド部2に対して脱着自在に取り付けられると共に、その胴部3に内装された電子発生部5が、カソード19とグリッド20を一体化したカソードユニット22と、該カソードユニット22を脱着可能に取り付けるカソード用ソケット23とで構成されている点において、図1の電子ビーム放出管1Aと相違し、その他の基本構成は該放出管1Aと共通している。
【0033】
つまり、電子ビーム放出管1Bは、図4及び図5に示す如く、ヘッド部2のヘッド本体2aに嵌め付ける胴部3の先端部外周にO−リング25を装着させて、該O−リング25をヘッド本体2aにボルト26で締め止めるO−リング押さえ27で押圧して圧縮変形させることにより、胴部3をヘッド本体2aに対して脱着自在に取り付けると同時に、その取り付け箇所を気密に封止する構造になっている。
【0034】
また、電子ビーム放出管1Bの胴部3に内装した電子発生部5は、図6に示す如く、シールド管21内にカソード19とグリッド20を一体化したカソードユニット22と、該カソードユニット22を脱着可能に取り付けるカソード用ソケット23が配設され、該ソケット23から図7の如くカソードユニット22だけを簡単に取り外せるようになっている。
【0035】
しかして、電子ビーム放出管1Bは、ヘッド部2のヘッド本体2aにボルト8で脱着可能に締め止められた押圧体2bを取り外して照射窓4を交換することができるだけでなく、ヘッド本体2aにボルト26で脱着可能に締め止められたO−リング押さえ27を取り外して、ヘッド本体2aから胴部3を取り外し、該胴部3に内装された電子発生部5からカソードユニット22を取り外してカソード19及びグリッド20を交換することもできる。
【0036】
更に、ヘッド部2と胴部3とを互いに切り離して、それぞれの内部を定期的に洗浄することができるし、万一、一方に破損・損傷が生じたときは、その一方のみを交換すれば足りるという利点もある。
【0037】
なお、図1の電子ビーム放出管1Aは、胴部3がヘッド部2に対して脱着可能な構造にはなっていないが、その電子発生部5を図6及び図7の如くカソード19とグリッド20を一体化したカソードユニット22と、該カソードユニット22を脱着可能に取り付けるカソード用ソケット23とで構成すると共に、ヘッド本体2aに形成する窓穴7がカソードユニット22を挿脱できる程度の大きさを有していれば、その窓穴7からカソードユニット22を摘み持つことができるピンチ工具等を差し込んでカソードユニット22を交換することも可能である。
【0038】
また、押圧体2bによってヘッド本体2aの表面に圧し当てる照射窓4が、図5及び図8に示す如く、ヘッド本体2aの窓穴7と連通する穴29を有した上下一対の気密封止体28、28間に照射窓箔12を挟み込む構造になっていれば、照射窓箔12がヘッド本体2aと押圧体2bに直接接触しないため、薄くて損傷を受けやすい金属箔膜で成る照射窓箔12を使用しても、その照射窓箔12が押圧体2bの押圧力によって千切れるおそれがなく、安定した気密封止を行なうことができる。
【0039】
次に、図9の電子ビーム放出管1Cは、ヘッド部2に設けられた真空排気装置への配管接続口6に、該接続口を開閉する気密バルブ30が介装されている点と、ヘッド部2に、照射窓4を冷却するための冷却気体を供給する気体通路31が形成されている点において、図4の電子ビーム放出管1Bと相違し、その他の基本構成は該放出管1Bと略共通している。
【0040】
この電子ビーム放出管1Cは、製造工場で組立完了後、その製造工場において真空排気装置への配管接続口6から真空排気して内部の気密状態を検査するリークチェックを行うと共に、高電圧電源に接続してコンディショニングを行い、そのコンディショニング作業が終了すると、内部に窒素等の不活性ガスを充填して気密バルブ30を閉鎖した状態、あるいは内部を真空排気したまま気密バルブ30を閉鎖した状態で出荷することができる。
【0041】
これにより、出荷された電子ビーム放出管1Cは、これを電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けて配管接続口6を真空排気装置に接続し、真空排気装置を起動させると共に、配管接続口6に介装された閉鎖状態の気密バルブ30を開放するだけの簡単な作業で、即使用することができ、従来の如く使用前に面倒で専門的な知識と技術を要するコンディショニング作業を行う必要がない。
【0042】
また、上記の如くして電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けた電子ビーム放出管1Cが使用中に故障を生じたとき、あるいは所定の使用期間が経過したときは、電子ビーム照射装置の稼動を停止させて、電子ビーム放出管1Cの気密バルブ30を開放し、該放出管内に配管接続口6から大気又は大気圧の不活性ガスを導入して、電子ビーム放出管1Cを電子ビーム照射装置から取り外し、予めストックしておいた新品の電子ビーム放出管1Cと一括交換する。
【0043】
これにより、電子ビーム放出管1Cの交換作業に要する時間が非常に短くなるので、電子ビーム照射装置の稼働率が著しく向上する。また、電子ビーム照射装置から取り外した電子ビーム放出管1Cも、劣化又は故障した照射窓4やカソード19等の部品だけを新品と交換して他の部品はそのまま再利用することが可能であるから、真空管タイプの電子ビーム放出管に比べて大幅な省コストを実現することができると同時に省資源にも資することができる。なお、気密バルブ30は、電子ビーム放出管1Cに限らず、図1及び図4の電子ビーム放出管1A及び1Bの配管接続口6に介装してもよい。
【0044】
また、図1及び図4の電子ビーム放出管1A及び1Bのヘッド部2に、照射窓4を冷却するための冷却気体を供給する気体通路31を設けることもできる。
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明による電子ビーム放出管は、故障又は劣化した照射窓やカソードだけを新品と交換して他の部品をそのまま再利用することが可能であるから、省コスト・省資源に資することができると同時に、照射窓やカソード等の部品あるいは電子ビーム放出管そのものの交換作業を短時間で行うことができ、電子ビーム照射装置に取り付けた際に面倒なコンディショニング作業を行う手間も省けるので、電子ビーム照射装置の稼働率が著しく向上するという大変優れた効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の一例を示す断面図
【図2】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管のヘッド部を構成する押圧体の作用を示す図
【図3】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管のヘッド部を構成する押圧体の一例を示す図
【図4】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の他の例を示す断面図
【図5】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管のヘッド部の拡大図
【図6】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の胴部に内装された電子発生部の拡大図
【図7】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の胴部に内装された電子発生部を構成するカソードユニットの拡大図
【図8】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管のヘッド部に取り付ける照射窓の一例を示す図
【図9】本発明に係る電子ビーム放出管の変形例を示す断面図
【図10】従来の電子ビーム照射装置とその電子ビーム放出管に相当する部分を示す断面図
【符号の説明】
1A〜1C……電子ビーム放出管
2………………ヘッド部
2a……………ヘッド本体
2b……………押圧体
3………………胴部
4………………照射窓
5………………電子発生部
6………………真空排気装置への配管接続口
7………………窓穴
8………………ボルト
12………………照射窓箔
14………………凸面部
15………………凹面部
16………………ギャップ
17………………凹溝
19………………カソード
20………………グリッド
22………………カソードユニット
23………………カソード用ソケット
28………………気密封止体
29………………穴
30………………気密バルブ
31………………気体通路
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electron beam emission tube that constitutes a main part of an electron beam irradiation apparatus, and more particularly to an electron beam emission type in which an electron beam is emitted from an irradiation window while being kept in a vacuum state by being connected to an evacuation apparatus. Regarding the tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional electron beam irradiation apparatuses generally have an acceleration voltage of 150 kV or more, an irradiation window area of 80 cm 2 or more, and the inside is evacuated to a high vacuum during operation, but corresponds to an electron beam emission tube. It does not have a structure that can be detached from other parts.
[0003]
FIG. 10 shows the configuration of a typical conventional apparatus, in which a cathode 114 and a grid 115 are arranged in the center of a cylindrical chamber 104 evacuated by a high vacuum pump 119. The cathode 114 and the grid 115 are usually housed in a cathode unit 116 for easy maintenance, and this part constitutes the electron generation unit 103 of the electron beam irradiation apparatus.
[0004]
An irradiation window 101 that transmits an electron beam is provided in a part of the outer wall of the chamber 104. The irradiation window 101 is composed of a thin irradiation window foil 105 that transmits electrons, and a portion of the irradiation window 101 held by a support plate 118 and a window foil pressing plate 117 constitutes a head portion 102 of the electron beam irradiation apparatus.
[0005]
During operation of the apparatus, a negative high voltage potential is applied to the cathode 114 and the grid 115 by a high voltage power source, respectively, and a high voltage electric field is generated between the chamber 104 and the irradiation window foil 105 connected to the ground. As a result, electrons generated at the cathode 114 and collected on the grid 115 are accelerated toward the irradiation window foil 105, and a part of the electrons penetrates the irradiation window foil 105 and is emitted to the outside of the chamber 104.
[0006]
In this type of apparatus, it is the irradiation window foil 105 that constitutes the irradiation window 101 that is likely to fail or deteriorate during use, and that has the longest lifetime. The cathode 114 of the electron generator 103 is also designated as a consumable part. These parts are regularly replaced every predetermined period of use, even if there is no problem due to failure or deterioration.
[0007]
Further, in the conventional apparatus of FIG. 10 in which the portion corresponding to the electron beam emission tube cannot be attached and detached, the irradiation window foil 105 and the cathode 114 must be replaced at the installation site of the apparatus. As the following (1) to (7) are very complicated, the operation of the apparatus must be stopped for about half a day to one day, and the replacement work requires specialized knowledge and experience. Therefore, there was an inconvenience that only a skilled engineer could do it.
(1) Stop the operation of the device.
(2) The atmosphere (or an inert gas at atmospheric pressure) is introduced into the chamber 104.
(3) The old irradiation window foil 105 and its holding parts 117 and 118 are removed, and the head part 102 is opened.
(4) The cathode unit 116 in the chamber 104 is disassembled, and the old cathode 114 is removed and replaced with a new one.
(5) A new irradiation window foil 105 is attached to the head unit 102 with holding parts 117 and 118.
(6) The chamber 104 is evacuated by the high vacuum pump 119.
(7) Turn on the power of the device and perform conditioning work to gradually increase the acceleration voltage and current until the rated specifications are reached while observing the state of the device.
[0008]
In addition, in some conventional apparatuses, in order to simplify the replacement operation of the irradiation window and the cathode, the electron beam emission tube provided with them can be removed from the apparatus and replaced at once. As an electron beam emission tube used in this type of apparatus, there are a head portion provided with an irradiation window for transmitting an electron beam, and an electrically insulating body portion in which an electron generation portion is installed at a position facing the irradiation window. There is a vacuum tube type electron beam emission tube that does not require an evacuation device by forming a high-vacuum hermetic container such as a vacuum tube (refer to Patent Document 1). Since the replacement work is completed simply by replacing and performing the new conditioning work, there is an advantage that the operation stop time of the apparatus is remarkably shortened.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese National Patent Publication No. 10-512092
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the vacuum tube type electron beam emission tube is a very expensive product that costs hundreds of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yen, but it is a disposable product that cannot be recycled. If one fails, there is the disadvantage that it must be replaced with a new one.
[0011]
In other words, the durability life of the irradiation window is usually 1000 to 2000 hours, whereas the durability life of the cathode is usually 5000 hours or more, and other components have a further durability life. However, a vacuum tube type electron beam emission tube is replaced with a new one when the usage period of the irradiation window with the shortest endurance has elapsed, even if the usage period of the cathode and other parts has not yet elapsed. There is an economic disadvantage of having to exchange.
[0012]
Furthermore, if a sudden failure occurs in the irradiation window or cathode before the irradiation window has been used, and it is necessary to replace an expensive electron beam emission tube, it is extremely uneconomical. At the same time, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of resource saving.
[0013]
In addition, the vacuum tube type electron beam emission tube also needs to be conditioned after it is attached to the electron beam irradiation device, and the conditioning operation usually takes 1 hour to several hours. Therefore, the operation rate of the apparatus is lowered accordingly.
[0014]
Therefore, the present invention is an electron beam that can be reused many times by exchanging only parts such as an irradiation window and a cathode that have failed or deteriorated, and that the parts can be replaced easily and quickly. In addition to providing an emission tube, it is a technical problem to provide an electron beam emission tube that does not require troublesome conditioning work when attached to an electron beam irradiation apparatus.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 includes a head portion to which an irradiation window for transmitting an electron beam is attached, and a body portion in which an electron generation portion is provided at a position facing the irradiation window. In the electron beam emission tube, the head unit has a head main body having a pipe connection port to a vacuum exhaust device and a window hole to which the irradiation window is attached, and an outer edge portion of the irradiation window is brought into close contact with the head main body. It is comprised with the press body which presses and seals the said window hole airtightly, This press body is detachably fastened with respect to the said head main body, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
[0016]
The electron beam emission tube of the present invention is a vacuum tube in that it is composed of a head portion to which an irradiation window for transmitting an electron beam is attached and a body portion in which an electron generation portion is installed at a position facing the irradiation window. Same as conventional type, but unlike the vacuum tube type, when a part such as an irradiation window breaks down or deteriorates, replace only that part quickly and easily, and the head and body are reused as they are can do.
[0017]
That is, the electron beam emission tube of the present invention introduces an inert gas at atmospheric pressure or atmospheric pressure into the emission tube from the piping connection port to the vacuum exhaust device when parts such as the irradiation window are broken or deteriorated. Then, it is removed from the electron beam irradiation device, and this is replaced with a new electron beam emission tube. Then, the electron beam irradiation apparatus can be restarted simply by evacuating a new electron beam emission tube attached to the electron beam irradiation apparatus from the piping connection port of the vacuum exhaust apparatus and performing a conditioning operation.
[0018]
On the other hand, the old electron beam emission tube removed from the electron beam irradiation apparatus and recovered can be simply removed from the irradiation window pressed against the head body with the pressing body only by removing the pressing body fastened to the head body. be able to. Just press the new irradiation window against the head body with the pressing body and fasten the pressing body to the head body.At the same time, the installation of the irradiation window is completed. Airtight sealing is performed at the irradiation window, and the regenerating operation of the electron beam emission tube is completed promptly.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an electron beam emission tube according to the invention of claim 1, FIG. 2 is a view showing the action of a pressing body constituting the head portion, and FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a pressing body. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the electron beam emission tube according to the invention of claim 1, FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the head portion thereof, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the electron generating portion housed in the trunk portion thereof. 7 is an enlarged view of the cathode unit constituting the electron generating portion, FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of an irradiation window attached to the head portion, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the electron beam emission tube according to the invention of claim 10. is there.
[0022]
An electron beam emitting tube 1A shown in FIG. 1 includes a head portion 2 to which an irradiation window 4 that transmits an electron beam is attached, and a body portion 3 in which an electron generation portion 5 is installed at a position facing the irradiation window 4. In addition, the head portion 2 has a head main body 2a having a pipe connection port 6 to a vacuum exhaust device (not shown) and a window hole 7 for attaching the irradiation window 4, and an outer edge of the irradiation window 4 on the head main body 2a. And a pressing body 2b that tightly seals the window hole 7 and presses them so that they are in close contact with each other, and the pressing body 2b is detachably fastened to the head body 2a with a plurality of bolts 8. It has become.
[0023]
The head main body 2a and the pressing body 2b constituting the head portion 2 are both formed of a stainless material that does not transmit electrons, and the pressing body 2b has a wide-angle hole 9 that communicates with the window hole 7 of the head main body 2a at the center. And a plurality of bolt holes 10 through which the bolts 8 are passed, and the head body 2a is provided with screw holes 11 for screwing with the bolts 8.
[0024]
The irradiation window 4 is composed of an irradiation window foil 12 made of a low-density thin metal foil that transmits electrons, and an airtight sealing body 13 pressed against the pressing body 2b along the outer edge of the irradiation window foil 12, The hermetic seal 13 is formed of a rubber elastic ring or sheet, or a metal foil having a hole in the center.
[0025]
Further, the head body 2a is formed with a convex surface portion 14 where the pressing body 2b presses the irradiation window 4, and the pressing body 2b is formed with a concave surface portion 15 that loosely fits with the convex surface portion 14 of the head main body 2a. At the same time, when the concave surface portion 15 and the convex surface portion 14 of the head main body 2a are fitted together, the bolt 8 is interposed between the outer edge portion of the pressing body 2b and the head main body 2a fastened with the bolt 8. As shown in FIG. 2, a gap 16 for causing elastic deformation is formed in the pressing body 2b by the tightening force, and the pressing of the irradiation window 4 by the pressing body 2b by the stress generated by the elastic deformation of the pressing body 2b. The pressure increases, and in particular, the outer edge portion of the irradiation window 4 surrounded by the circle S in FIG. 2 is strongly pressed by the pressing body 2b, so that the hermetic sealing effect of the window hole 7 by the hermetic sealing body 13 of the irradiation window 4 is achieved. Is significantly increased.
[0026]
Further, since the pressing body 2b elastically deformed by the tightening force of the bolt 8 is urged in a direction in which the pressing body 2b is pressed against the head main body 2a, leakage due to thermal expansion deformation can be reliably prevented. Further, in order to prevent the pressing force of the elastically deformed pressing body 2b from being concentrated on the corner portion of the convex portion 14 of the head body 2a and damaging the irradiation window 4, the corner portion has a curvature radius of 0.5 to 0.5. A roundness of about 1.0 mm is attached. When the radius of curvature of the roundness is 0.5 mm or less, the irradiation window foil 12 may be broken, and when it is 1.2 mm or more, there is a risk of leakage.
[0027]
The pressing body 2a of FIG. 3 is formed with a concave groove 17 that makes the thickness of the pressing body thin so as to easily cause elastic deformation so as to surround the concave surface portion 15 formed in the pressing body. The bending rigidity of the pressing body 2a is optimally adjusted by adjusting the depth and width of 17.
[0028]
At the opening end of the pipe connection port 6 provided in the head body 2a, a joint 18 for connecting to the vacuum pipe of the vacuum exhaust device is provided. In addition, the electron generator 5 housed in the body 3 is composed of a cathode 19 and a grid 20, which are arranged in a shield tube 21 that shields scattering of electrons generated from the cathode 19.
[0029]
Thus, when the irradiation window 4 of the electron beam emission tube 1A has failed or deteriorated, the operation of the electron beam irradiation device is stopped, and the atmosphere from the pipe connection port 6 of the electron beam emission tube 1A to the inside of the emission tube. Alternatively, an inert gas at atmospheric pressure is introduced, the electron beam emitting tube 1A is removed from the electron beam irradiation apparatus, and this is replaced with a new electron beam emitting tube 1A at a time. Then, the electron beam irradiation apparatus can be restarted only by evacuating the pipe connection port 6 of the new electron beam emission tube 1A attached to the electron beam irradiation apparatus and performing the conditioning operation of the emission tube.
[0030]
On the other hand, the old electron beam emission tube 1A removed from the electron beam irradiation apparatus and recovered can simply and quickly remove the broken or deteriorated irradiation window 4 simply by removing the pressing body 2b fastened to the head main body 2a by the bolt 8. Can be removed. And when attaching the new irradiation window 4, this irradiation window 4 is made into the state which contacted the convex-surface part 14 of the head main body 2a, and made the concave-surface part 15 of the press body 2b fit in the convex-surface part 14, and the state By simply fastening the outer edge of the pressing body 2b to the head main body 2a with the bolt 8, the attachment of the irradiation window 4 is completed, and at the same time, the window hole 7 of the head main body 2a to which the irradiation window 4 is attached is hermetically sealed by the irradiation window 4. The operation of regenerating the electron beam emission tube 1A is completed promptly.
[0031]
In the above example, the convex surface portion 14 is formed on the head main body 2a and the concave surface portion 15 is formed on the pressing body 2b. Conversely, the concave surface portion is formed on the head main body 2a and the concave surface is formed on the pressing body 2b. The case where the convex surface part fitted to a part may be formed may be sufficient.
[0032]
Next, the electron beam emission tube 1B of FIG. 4 is devised so that not only the irradiation window 4 but also the cathode 19 can be easily replaced, and the body 3 is detachably attached to the head 2. At the same time, the electron generating section 5 housed in the body section 3 includes a cathode unit 22 in which the cathode 19 and the grid 20 are integrated, and a cathode socket 23 to which the cathode unit 22 is detachably attached. In this respect, unlike the electron beam emitting tube 1A of FIG. 1, the other basic configuration is common to the emitting tube 1A.
[0033]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the electron beam emitting tube 1 </ b> B has an O-ring 25 attached to the outer periphery of the front end portion of the body portion 3 to be fitted to the head body 2 a of the head portion 2. The body 3 is detachably attached to the head body 2a by being compressed and deformed by being pressed with an O-ring retainer 27 that is fastened to the head body 2a with a bolt 26, and the attachment portion is hermetically sealed. It has a structure to do.
[0034]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the electron generator 5 housed in the body portion 3 of the electron beam emission tube 1 </ b> B includes a cathode unit 22 in which a cathode 19 and a grid 20 are integrated in a shield tube 21, and the cathode unit 22. A cathode socket 23 to be detachably attached is provided, and only the cathode unit 22 can be easily detached from the socket 23 as shown in FIG.
[0035]
Thus, the electron beam emitting tube 1B can not only replace the irradiation window 4 by removing the pressing body 2b fastened to the head main body 2a of the head portion 2 by a bolt 8, but also replace the irradiation window 4. The O-ring retainer 27 detachably fastened by the bolt 26 is removed, the body 3 is removed from the head body 2a, the cathode unit 22 is removed from the electron generator 5 built in the body 3, and the cathode 19 is removed. And the grid 20 can also be replaced.
[0036]
Furthermore, the head part 2 and the body part 3 can be separated from each other and the inside of each can be periodically cleaned. If one of them is damaged or damaged, only one of them can be replaced. There is also an advantage of being sufficient.
[0037]
The electron beam emitting tube 1A shown in FIG. 1 is not structured so that the body portion 3 can be attached to and detached from the head portion 2, but the electron generating portion 5 is connected to the cathode 19 and the grid as shown in FIGS. The cathode unit 22 is integrated with a cathode socket 22 to which the cathode unit 22 is detachably attached, and the window hole 7 formed in the head body 2a is large enough to allow the cathode unit 22 to be inserted and removed. , It is possible to replace the cathode unit 22 by inserting a pinch tool or the like that can hold the cathode unit 22 from the window hole 7.
[0038]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, a pair of upper and lower airtight sealing bodies in which the irradiation window 4 pressed against the surface of the head body 2a by the pressing body 2b has a hole 29 communicating with the window hole 7 of the head body 2a. If the irradiation window foil 12 is sandwiched between 28 and 28, the irradiation window foil 12 is not directly in contact with the head body 2a and the pressing body 2b. Therefore, the irradiation window foil is made of a thin and easily damaged metal foil film. Even if 12 is used, there is no possibility that the irradiation window foil 12 will be broken by the pressing force of the pressing body 2b, and stable airtight sealing can be performed.
[0039]
Next, the electron beam emission tube 1C of FIG. 9 includes an airtight valve 30 that opens and closes the connection port 6 connected to the vacuum exhaust device provided in the head unit 2, and a head. 4 is different from the electron beam emission tube 1B of FIG. 4 in that a gas passage 31 for supplying a cooling gas for cooling the irradiation window 4 is formed in the portion 2, and the other basic configuration is the same as that of the emission tube 1B. It is almost common.
[0040]
The electron beam emission tube 1C is subjected to a leak check for inspecting an internal airtight state by evacuating from a pipe connection port 6 to an evacuation device at the manufacturing plant after completion of assembly at the manufacturing plant, and to a high voltage power source. Connected and conditioned, and when the conditioning operation is completed, the product is shipped with an inert gas such as nitrogen filled therein and the airtight valve 30 is closed, or the airtight valve 30 is closed with the inside being evacuated. can do.
[0041]
Thereby, the shipped electron beam emission tube 1C is attached to the electron beam irradiation device, the pipe connection port 6 is connected to the vacuum exhaust device, the vacuum exhaust device is started, and the pipe connection port 6 is interposed. In addition, it can be used immediately by simply opening the airtight valve 30 in a closed state, and there is no need to perform a conditioning operation that requires troublesome and specialized knowledge and techniques before use as in the prior art.
[0042]
In addition, when the electron beam emitting tube 1C attached to the electron beam irradiation apparatus fails as described above, or when a predetermined period of use has elapsed, the operation of the electron beam irradiation apparatus is stopped. The air-tight valve 30 of the electron beam emission tube 1C is opened, an inert gas at atmospheric pressure or atmospheric pressure is introduced into the emission tube from the pipe connection port 6, the electron beam emission tube 1C is removed from the electron beam irradiation device, Replace with a stocked new electron beam emission tube 1C.
[0043]
As a result, the time required for the replacement work of the electron beam emitting tube 1C becomes very short, and the operating rate of the electron beam irradiation apparatus is remarkably improved. In addition, the electron beam emission tube 1C removed from the electron beam irradiation apparatus can be replaced with new parts such as the irradiation window 4 and the cathode 19 which have deteriorated or failed, and other parts can be reused as they are. Compared with a vacuum tube type electron beam emission tube, it is possible to realize significant cost savings and at the same time contribute to resource saving. The airtight valve 30 is not limited to the electron beam emission tube 1C, and may be interposed in the pipe connection port 6 of the electron beam emission tubes 1A and 1B in FIGS.
[0044]
Further, a gas passage 31 for supplying a cooling gas for cooling the irradiation window 4 can be provided in the head portions 2 of the electron beam emission tubes 1A and 1B of FIGS.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
The electron beam emission tube according to the present invention can contribute to cost and resource saving because it is possible to replace only a broken or deteriorated irradiation window or cathode with a new one and reuse other parts as they are. At the same time, replacement of parts such as the irradiation window and cathode, or the electron beam emission tube itself can be performed in a short time, and the troublesome conditioning work when attached to the electron beam irradiation apparatus can be saved. There is a very good effect that the operating rate of the apparatus is remarkably improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an electron beam emission tube according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the action of a pressing body constituting a head portion of the electron beam emission tube according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the electron beam emission tube according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the electron beam emission tube according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the electron generating portion installed in the body of the electron beam emission tube according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the body of the electron beam emitting tube according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a cathode unit constituting an electron generating portion. FIG. 8 is a view showing an example of an irradiation window attached to a head portion of an electron beam emitting tube according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional electron beam irradiation apparatus and its electron beam. Sectional view showing a portion corresponding to a beam emission tube EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
1A to 1C... Electron beam emission tube 2... Head portion 2a... Head body 2b. Irradiation window 5 ……………… Electron generator 6 ……………… Piping connection port 7 to vacuum exhaust system ……………… Window hole 8 ……………… Bolt 12 …………… ... Irradiation window foil 14 ... ... ... Convex part 15 ... ... ... Concave part 16 ... ... ... Gap 17 ... ... ... Concave groove 19 ... ... ... Cathode 20 ... ………… Grid 22 ……………… Cathode unit 23 ……………… Cathode socket 28 ……………… Airtight sealing body 29 ……………… Hole 30 ……………… Airtight valve 31 ……………… Gas passage

Claims (3)

電子ビームを透過させる照射窓が取り付けられたヘッド部と、その照射窓と対向する位置に電子発生部が内装された胴部とで成る電子ビーム放出管において、前記ヘッド部(2)が、真空排気装置への配管接続口(6)と前記照射窓(4)を取り付ける窓穴(7)とを有するヘッド本体(2a)と、該ヘッド本体(2a)に前記照射窓(4)の外縁部を密着させるように圧し当てて前記窓穴(7)を気密封止する押圧体(2b)とで構成され、該押圧体(2b)が、前記ヘッド本体(2a)に対して脱着可能に締め止められ、前記ヘッド本体(2a)の前記照射窓(4)を圧し当てる部分が、凸面部(14)又は凹面部に形成され、前記押圧体(2b)に、前記凸面部(14)と嵌合する凹面部(15)又は前記凹面部と嵌合する凸面部が形成されると共に、その嵌合状態としたときに、前記押圧体(2b)の外縁部とこれをボルト(8)で締め止める前記ヘッド本体(2a)との間に、ボルト(8)の締付け力によって前記押圧体(2b)に弾性変形を生じさせるためのギャップ(16)が形成されることを特徴とする電子ビーム放出管。In an electron beam emission tube comprising a head part to which an irradiation window for transmitting an electron beam is attached and a body part in which an electron generation part is installed at a position facing the irradiation window, the head part (2) is a vacuum. A head body (2a) having a pipe connection port (6) to an exhaust device and a window hole (7) for attaching the irradiation window (4), and an outer edge portion of the irradiation window (4) in the head body (2a) And a pressing body (2b) for hermetically sealing the window hole (7) by pressing the window body (7) so that the pressing body (2b) is detachably fastened to the head body (2a). The portion that is stopped and presses the irradiation window (4) of the head body (2a) is formed on the convex surface portion (14) or the concave surface portion, and is fitted to the pressing body (2b) with the convex surface portion (14). Concave concave part (15) or convex part fitted to the concave part is shaped At the same time, the tightening force of the bolt (8) between the outer edge portion of the pressing body (2b) and the head body (2a) that fastens the pressing body (2b) with the bolt (8) when being in the fitted state. A gap (16) for causing elastic deformation of the pressing body (2b) is formed by the electron beam emitting tube. 前記電子発生部(5)が、カソード(19)とグリッド(20)を一体化したカソードユニット(22)と、該カソードユニット(22)を脱着可能に取り付けるカソード用ソケット(23)とで構成され、前記窓穴(7)が、前記カソードユニット(22)を挿脱できる程度の大きさを有する請求項1記載の電子ビーム放出管。The electron generator (5) is composed of a cathode unit (22) in which a cathode (19) and a grid (20) are integrated, and a cathode socket (23) to which the cathode unit (22) is detachably attached. The electron beam emission tube according to claim 1 , wherein the window hole (7) has a size that allows the cathode unit (22) to be inserted and removed . 前記押圧体(2b)に形成された前記凹面部(15)又は凸面部を囲うように該押圧体(2b)の肉厚を薄くして弾性変形を生じやすくする凹溝(17)が形成されている請求項1又は2記載の電子ビーム放出管。A concave groove (17) is formed so as to easily cause elastic deformation by reducing the thickness of the pressing body (2b) so as to surround the concave surface portion (15) or the convex surface portion formed in the pressing body (2b). The electron beam emission tube according to claim 1 or 2 .
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